EP0523903A2 - Light flasher apparatus - Google Patents
Light flasher apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0523903A2 EP0523903A2 EP92306258A EP92306258A EP0523903A2 EP 0523903 A2 EP0523903 A2 EP 0523903A2 EP 92306258 A EP92306258 A EP 92306258A EP 92306258 A EP92306258 A EP 92306258A EP 0523903 A2 EP0523903 A2 EP 0523903A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- rechargeable battery
- solar panel
- coupled
- lamp
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S9/00—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply
- F21S9/02—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator
- F21S9/03—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator rechargeable by exposure to light
- F21S9/037—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator rechargeable by exposure to light the solar unit and the lighting unit being located within or on the same housing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V33/00—Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B5/00—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied
- G08B5/22—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
- G08B5/36—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission using visible light sources
- G08B5/38—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission using visible light sources using flashing light
Definitions
- This invention relates to an electrical flasher circuit and, in particular, to a miniature electrical flasher circuit suitable for use in standard reflecting roadstuds, in memorial symbols, and in standard roadside warning lamps.
- Reflecting roadstuds of the type widely known under the Registered Trade Mark Catseye, and including self-illuminating LED flashers are known for mounting on the boundaries between adjacent traffic lanes or on sidewalks so as to reflect a vehicle's headlamps and thereby indicate to a driver the lane boundary.
- reflecting roadstuds including an electrical flasher circuit operable from a small rechargeable battery which is charged via a solar panel fixed to a housing of the roadstud so as to recharge the battery during daylight hours.
- the LED flashers improve the visibility of the roadstud, thereby increasing road safety.
- a primary requirement of reflecting roadstuds of the kind described having integral LED flasher circuits therein is their compatibility with existing, conventional roadstuds which do not include the enhancement of flashing LEDs.
- Conventional roadstuds are designed to be mounted in the road surface so as to protrude therefrom only a minimal distance, their protruding edges being rounded so that, in the event of a motor vehicle mounting the roadstud, no damage will be done to the tires of the vehicle or to the roadstud itself.
- roadstuds typically have an overall depth not exceeding 18 mm.
- Existing roadstuds including LED flasher circuits have not been able to conform to this standard height and have therefore included a deeper housing adapted to be sunk into the road surface.
- the Japanese company Kyocera manufactures a curb flasher under the name Accless having an outer casing whose height above ground is 28 mm but which has an extended casing for sinking below the ground surface having a depth of 133 mm.
- a pair of solar panels is mounted on an upper surface of the housing and coupled to a circuit enclosed within the lower housing and including a pair of rechargeable batteries which are recharged by the solar panel during daylight and provide electrical power to the flasher circuit at night.
- a flashing light for mounting on a curb is manufactured under the trade mark Swareflex including therein an LED solar-powered flasher and a storage battery for storing electrical energy transformed by a solar cell.
- the storage battery has a capacity of 14 days power consumption when fully charged. In order to become fully charged, fine weather (corresponding to intense ambient illumination) is required for a minimum of four days.
- roadside warning lamps employing flashing lamps powered by a standard rechargeable car battery are known and are commonly used by road construction workers to alert drivers to the onset of hazardous conditions resulting from road works.
- warning lamps usually conform to a standard physical dimension and light output which, in combination,-has so far militated against the battery being incorporated within the lamp housing itself and has required, instead, that the battery be provided as a completely separate unit.
- an electrical flasher circuit comprising: a rechargeable battery, a solar panel coupled to the rechargeable battery, an oscillator circuit coupled to the rechargeable battery and to the solar panel producing an output voltage which oscillates at a predetermined frequency, and at least one lamp coupled to the oscillator circuit for flashing in response to the oscillating output voltage; whereby the solar panel provides sufficient power to energize the oscillator circuit and to recharge the rechargeable battery when at least a predetermined threshold of light acts on the solar panel; and the rechargeable battery alone energizes the oscillator circuit for at least a first predetermined time period in the absence of said light.
- FIG. 1 there is shown schematically a circuit diagram of an LED flasher circuit designated generally as 10.
- the flasher circuit 10 comprises an LM 3909 integrated LED flasher circuit 11 manufactured by National Semiconductor and having a nominal low voltage operation from just over 1 V to 6 V and a low current drain averaging under 0.5 mA.
- a rechargeable battery 12 Connected to the integrated circuit 11, in accordance with the manufacturer's data specification, is a rechargeable battery 12 having a nominal voltage of 1.2 V and rated at 280 mAH.
- the rechargeable battery 12 is trickle charged by a solar panel 13 having a nominal voltage of 3.6 V and rated at 55 mA, via a rectifier diode 14 which prevents current flowing from the rechargeable battery 12 to the solar panel 13.
- the LED is A GaAlAs (gallium aluminum arsenide) high brightness component such as manufactured by the Toshiba Company of Japan under the product code TLRA120.
- Such a device is operable from a drive current equal to 20 mA at a typical forward voltage of 1.8 V but can, in fact, operate at a drive current as low as 0.5 mA.
- This feature is exploited in the particular construction employed in the preferred embodiment so as to permit the lower operating range of the LM 3909 integrated circuit 11 to be reduced below the manufacturer's specification. This allows the circuit to operate even when the voltage of the rechargeable battery 12 falls to as low as 0.8 V, below which voltage the circuit stops operating so that the rechargeable battery 12 can never completely discharge.
- the rechargeable battery 12 does not participate in energizing the integrated circuit 11 and is maintained fully charged by the solar panel 13.
- the rechargeable battery 12 On an average light intensity equivalent to 20 mA hr, the rechargeable battery 12 is rapidly recharged, achieving full charge within a time period of 2 hours and then has enough residual charge to permit continuous operation of the flashing circuit 10 for up to 20 days.
- the oscillation frequency of the LED 15 may be raised above the critical frequency of fusion (approximately 25 Hz), so that any flicker of the LED 15 is undetectable by the human eye.
- Fig. 2 shows a conventional type of reflecting roadstud including a housing 20 containing therein the flasher circuit 10 described above with reference to Fig. 1 of the drawings.
- a solar panel 21 is mounted on an upper surface of the housing 20, a pair of LEDs 22 and 23 being provided on each of two opposing reflecting side walls 24 and 25 of the housing 20.
- the solar panel 21 recharges an internal storage battery such that in the presence of sufficient ambient illumination, the solar panel 21 is alone responsible for providing power to the flasher circuit 10 (Fig. 1), any residual solar energy being used to trickle charge the rechargeable battery 12 and maintain it fully charged.
- the LEDs 22 and 23 flash continuously so as to provide a visual warning to motorists and thus enhanced safety.
- the overall height of the housing 20 protruding above a road surface is nominally 18 mm and the housing 20 is, in all respects, identical to that currently employed in standard roadstuds.
- FIG. 3 to 5 there are shown various forms of memorial symbols including therein the flasher circuit 10 shown schematically in Fig. 1.
- the memorial symbol 31 shown in Fig. 4 has a crucifix shaped housing 39 whilst the memorial symbol 32 shown in Fig. 5 has a housing 40 in the shape of a Star of David.
- the flasher circuit operate above about 25 Hz so that the light will appear constant to an observer.
- the housing may be of slim-line construction owing to the miniature dimensions of the flasher circuit 10 shown in Fig. 1.
- the flasher circuit 110 comprises an LM555 integrated circuit timer 111 manufactured by National Semiconductor and having a nominal low voltage operation of 4.5 V and a low current drain averaging 3 mA.
- a rechargeable battery 112 Connected to the integrated circuit timer 111, is a rechargeable battery 112 having a nominal voltage of 2.9 V and rated at 6 AH.
- the rechargeable battery 112 is trickle charged by a solar panel 113 having a nominal voltage of 15 V and rated at 1A, via a rectifier diode 114 which prevents current flowing from the rechargeable battery 112 to the solar panel 113.
- the timing of the integrated circuit timer 111 is controlled by a capacitor 115 in series with a diode-resistor network 116 comprising diodes 117 and 118 in series with resistors 119 and 120.
- Diodes 117 and 118 are conventional germanium rectifier diodes, whilst the valves of the resistors 119 and 120 are respectively 2.5 M ⁇ and 0.5 M ⁇ .
- the capacitor 115 has a valve of 0.66 ⁇ F and is connected to the junction of the two resistors 119 and 120.
- An output 125 of the integrated circuit timer 111 is connected, via a resistor 126 to the base of a first bipolar junction transistor 127 whose emitter 128 is itself connected to the base of a second bipolar junction transistor 129.
- the collector of the first bipolar junction transistor 127 is connected to a positive supply rail 130 and a 2.4 V, 330 mA lamp 131 is connected between the positive supply rail 130 and the collector of the second bipolar junction transistor 129.
- the first bipolar junction transistor 127 functions as a switch which operates under control of the integrated circuit timer 111 for supplying current to the lamp 131 during the minor part of the duty cycle (16%) and is cut-off during the remainder of the duty cycle for preventing the supply of current to the lamp 131.
- the second bipolar junction transistor 129 functions as an amplifier for providing enough current to drive the lamp 131.
- a photoresistor 135 (constituting a light dependent resistor) in series with a current limiting resistor 136 is connected to the integrated circuit timer 111 so as to permit operation of the integrated circuit timer 111 only when the ambient light falls below a predetermined threshold.
- operation of the roadside warning lamp (see Fig. 7) may be restricted to nighttime use only, thereby conserving the battery 112.
- the oscillation frequency of the lamp 131 may be raised above the critical frequency of fusion, (approximately 25 Hz), so that any flicker of the lamp 131 is undetectable by the human eye.
- Fig. 7 shows a roadside lamp 131 fitted within a housing 140 containing therein the flasher circuit 110 described above with reference to Fig. 6 of the drawings.
- the rechargeable battery 112 and the lamp 131 are both fitted within the housing 140 and the solar panel 113 is mounted on an upper surface thereof.
- a switch 141 fixed to the housing 140 permits the battery 112 to be disconnected from the flasher circuit 110, thereby conserving battery power.
- Both the diameter and depth of the lamp 131 are nominally 21 cm and the lamp 131 may be, in all respects, identical to that currently employed in standard roadside warning lamps.
- the miniaturization of the flasher circuit 110 permits the battery 112 to be of such dimension that it too can be accommodated within the housing 140. This, of course, is distinct from hitherto proposed roadside warning lamps of comparable light output which require much larger batteries which must be provided as a separate unit.
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to an electrical flasher circuit and, in particular, to a miniature electrical flasher circuit suitable for use in standard reflecting roadstuds, in memorial symbols, and in standard roadside warning lamps.
- Reflecting roadstuds of the type widely known under the Registered Trade Mark Catseye, and including self-illuminating LED flashers are known for mounting on the boundaries between adjacent traffic lanes or on sidewalks so as to reflect a vehicle's headlamps and thereby indicate to a driver the lane boundary.
- Also known are reflecting roadstuds including an electrical flasher circuit operable from a small rechargeable battery which is charged via a solar panel fixed to a housing of the roadstud so as to recharge the battery during daylight hours. The LED flashers improve the visibility of the roadstud, thereby increasing road safety.
- A primary requirement of reflecting roadstuds of the kind described having integral LED flasher circuits therein is their compatibility with existing, conventional roadstuds which do not include the enhancement of flashing LEDs. Conventional roadstuds are designed to be mounted in the road surface so as to protrude therefrom only a minimal distance, their protruding edges being rounded so that, in the event of a motor vehicle mounting the roadstud, no damage will be done to the tires of the vehicle or to the roadstud itself. Typically, such roadstuds have an overall depth not exceeding 18 mm.
- Existing roadstuds including LED flasher circuits have not been able to conform to this standard height and have therefore included a deeper housing adapted to be sunk into the road surface. For example, the Japanese company Kyocera manufactures a curb flasher under the name Accless having an outer casing whose height above ground is 28 mm but which has an extended casing for sinking below the ground surface having a depth of 133 mm. A pair of solar panels is mounted on an upper surface of the housing and coupled to a circuit enclosed within the lower housing and including a pair of rechargeable batteries which are recharged by the solar panel during daylight and provide electrical power to the flasher circuit at night.
- Clearly, such a unit cannot easily replace existing, conventional roadstuds on account of the effort required to sink the housing into the road surface which, particularly on long stretches of road, is a major undertaking.
- Likewise, a flashing light for mounting on a curb is manufactured under the trade mark Swareflex including therein an LED solar-powered flasher and a storage battery for storing electrical energy transformed by a solar cell. The storage battery has a capacity of 14 days power consumption when fully charged. In order to become fully charged, fine weather (corresponding to intense ambient illumination) is required for a minimum of four days.
- It would obviously be preferable to provide an LED flasher circuit within a standard roadstud housing so as to provide the additional safety resulting from their improved visibility whilst nevertheless not requiring any major road-works for their installation.
- Also, roadside warning lamps employing flashing lamps powered by a standard rechargeable car battery are known and are commonly used by road construction workers to alert drivers to the onset of hazardous conditions resulting from road works.
- Such warning lamps usually conform to a standard physical dimension and light output which, in combination,-has so far militated against the battery being incorporated within the lamp housing itself and has required, instead, that the battery be provided as a completely separate unit.
- This limitation results from the fact that in order to provide the required light output, a sufficiently powerful battery is a prerequisite and, so far, this has demanded a relatively large 12 V rechargeable battery having a large ampere-hour rating. Typical roadside warning lamps of the type described are manufactured under the trade name "horizont SIGNAL" and have standard dimensions of 21 cm in diameter and 21 cm in depth and this, obviously, is too small to accommodate therein such batteries.
- No known solar-powered lamp has been found suitable for replacing roadside warning lamps of the type described owing to the stringent size and light output specifications associated therewith.
- The problem underlying the invention is thus to provide an electrical flasher circuit suitably dimensioned that it can fit within a standard roadstud housing and/or within a standard roadside warning lamp housing, and provide that such an electrical flasher circuit has improved operating characteristics over hitherto proposed flasher circuits, in particular by providing continuous illumination for a longer period of time from a fully charged battery and employing a battery recharging facility which achieves full charge in a very much lower period of time than has been achieved with hitherto proposed systems.
- According to the invention there is provided an electrical flasher circuit, comprising:
a rechargeable battery,
a solar panel coupled to the rechargeable battery,
an oscillator circuit coupled to the rechargeable battery and to the solar panel producing an output voltage which oscillates at a predetermined frequency, and
at least one lamp coupled to the oscillator circuit for flashing in response to the oscillating output voltage;
whereby the solar panel provides sufficient power to energize the oscillator circuit and to recharge the rechargeable battery when at least a predetermined threshold of light acts on the solar panel; and the rechargeable battery alone energizes the oscillator circuit for at least a first predetermined time period in the absence of said light. - In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the oscillator circuit includes an integrated circuit which facilitates miniaturization. Further, the oscillator circuit includes an integrated circuit in combination with a transistor amplifier for providing sufficient output current for sourcing the lamp. Current is supplied to the lamp for only part, e.g. 16% of the oscillator duty cycle, the current consumption being substantially zero for the remainder,of the duty cycle. Such a design facilitates miniaturization, the circuit permitting the rechargeable battery to become fully charged quickly and then to continue operating continuously for several days even in the absence of ambient illumination.
- Whilst such an electrical flasher circuit has particular application as an auxiliary safety measure for use in reflecting roadstuds and warning lamps, it also has application in memorial symbols for mounting on, or near, gravestones and the like, so as to provide substantially perpetual illumination.
- For a clearer understanding of the invention and to see how the same may be carried out in practice, some preferred embodiments will now be described, by way of non-limiting example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
- Fig. 1 shows schematically an electrical circuit diagram of a flasher circuit according to the invention;
- Fig. 2 shows a roadstud having mounted therein the flasher circuit shown in Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3 shows a first memorial symbol including therein the flasher circuit shown in Fig. 1;
- Fig. 4 shows a second memorial symbol including therein the flasher circuit shown in Fig. 1;
- Fig. 5 shows a third memorial symbol including therein the flasher circuit shown in Fig. 1;
- Fig. 6 shows schematically an electrical circuit diagram of a flasher circuit according to another embodiment of the invention; and
- Fig. 7 is a pictorial representation of a roadside warning lamp incorporating the flasher circuit shown in Fig. 6.
- Referring to Fig. 1 there is shown schematically a circuit diagram of an LED flasher circuit designated generally as 10. The
flasher circuit 10 comprises an LM 3909 integrated LED flasher circuit 11 manufactured by National Semiconductor and having a nominal low voltage operation from just over 1 V to 6 V and a low current drain averaging under 0.5 mA. Connected to the integrated circuit 11, in accordance with the manufacturer's data specification, is arechargeable battery 12 having a nominal voltage of 1.2 V and rated at 280 mAH. Therechargeable battery 12 is trickle charged by asolar panel 13 having a nominal voltage of 3.6 V and rated at 55 mA, via arectifier diode 14 which prevents current flowing from therechargeable battery 12 to thesolar panel 13. - An output of the integrated circuit 11 is connected to a light emitting diode (LED) 15 in series with a 47
µF capacitor 16 whose value in combination with the internal circuitry of the integrated circuit 11 provides a flashing frequency of approximately 0.7 Hz. - The LED is A GaAlAs (gallium aluminum arsenide) high brightness component such as manufactured by the Toshiba Company of Japan under the product code TLRA120. Such a device is operable from a drive current equal to 20 mA at a typical forward voltage of 1.8 V but can, in fact, operate at a drive current as low as 0.5 mA. This feature is exploited in the particular construction employed in the preferred embodiment so as to permit the lower operating range of the LM 3909 integrated circuit 11 to be reduced below the manufacturer's specification. This allows the circuit to operate even when the voltage of the
rechargeable battery 12 falls to as low as 0.8 V, below which voltage the circuit stops operating so that therechargeable battery 12 can never completely discharge. - The flashing
circuit 10 has a current consumption of 1 mA hr at a voltage of 0.9 V such that if the voltage of therechargeable battery 12 climbs to as little as 1.2 V, therechargeable battery 12 has enough residual charge to energize the integrated circuit 11 on its own in the absence of sufficient ambient daylight. - However, even in moderate ambient daylight such that the
solar panel 13 provides a voltage exceeding 1.2 V, therechargeable battery 12 does not participate in energizing the integrated circuit 11 and is maintained fully charged by thesolar panel 13. - On an average light intensity equivalent to 20 mA hr, the
rechargeable battery 12 is rapidly recharged, achieving full charge within a time period of 2 hours and then has enough residual charge to permit continuous operation of the flashingcircuit 10 for up to 20 days. - It should be noted that whilst only one
LED 15 is shown in Fig. 1, up to four LEDs may be connected in parallel without derogating from the operating characteristics as described. - It should also be noted that, by adjusting the value of the
capacitor 16, the oscillation frequency of theLED 15 may be raised above the critical frequency of fusion (approximately 25 Hz), so that any flicker of theLED 15 is undetectable by the human eye. - Fig. 2 shows a conventional type of reflecting roadstud including a
housing 20 containing therein theflasher circuit 10 described above with reference to Fig. 1 of the drawings. Asolar panel 21 is mounted on an upper surface of thehousing 20, a pair ofLEDs side walls housing 20. - During daylight hours, the
solar panel 21 recharges an internal storage battery such that in the presence of sufficient ambient illumination, thesolar panel 21 is alone responsible for providing power to the flasher circuit 10 (Fig. 1), any residual solar energy being used to trickle charge therechargeable battery 12 and maintain it fully charged. - Under these conditions, the
LEDs - The
solar panel 21 is mounted within a small recess in the upper surface of thehousing 20 so as not to protrude above the upper surface of thehousing 20. This prevents damage to thesolar panel 21 in the event that a vehicle's wheels mount the roadstud. - The overall height of the
housing 20 protruding above a road surface is nominally 18 mm and thehousing 20 is, in all respects, identical to that currently employed in standard roadstuds. - Referring now to Figs. 3 to 5 there are shown various forms of memorial symbols including therein the
flasher circuit 10 shown schematically in Fig. 1. - Each of the memorial symbols depicted generally as 30, 31 and 32 is formed from a plastics molding and includes a
solar panel 35 in a front surface thereof as well as a substantially candle-shaped window 36 behind which theLED 15 of the flasher circuit 10 (shown in Fig. 1) is mounted. - The
memorial symbol 30 shown in Fig. 3 is particularly adapted to be fixed to a grave stone, the rear part of its housing being so shaped as to be accommodated within a recess in the grave stone and fixed therein with a suitable adhesive. On account of the operating characteristics of theflasher circuit 10, maintenance-free operation is assured for a long period of time. - The
memorial symbol 31 shown in Fig. 4 has a crucifix shapedhousing 39 whilst thememorial symbol 32 shown in Fig. 5 has ahousing 40 in the shape of a Star of David. For these memorial symbols, it is preferred that the flasher circuit operate above about 25 Hz so that the light will appear constant to an observer. - In all cases, the housing may be of slim-line construction owing to the miniature dimensions of the
flasher circuit 10 shown in Fig. 1. - Referring to Fig. 6 there is shown schematically a circuit diagram of a roadside flasher circuit designated generally as 110. The
flasher circuit 110 comprises an LM555 integrated circuit timer 111 manufactured by National Semiconductor and having a nominal low voltage operation of 4.5 V and a low current drain averaging 3 mA. Connected to the integrated circuit timer 111, is arechargeable battery 112 having a nominal voltage of 2.9 V and rated at 6 AH. Therechargeable battery 112 is trickle charged by asolar panel 113 having a nominal voltage of 15 V and rated at 1A, via arectifier diode 114 which prevents current flowing from therechargeable battery 112 to thesolar panel 113. - The timing of the integrated circuit timer 111 is controlled by a
capacitor 115 in series with a diode-resistor network 116 comprisingdiodes resistors 119 and 120.Diodes resistors 119 and 120 are respectively 2.5 MΩ and 0.5 MΩ. Thecapacitor 115 has a valve of 0.66 µF and is connected to the junction of the tworesistors 119 and 120. - The
capacitor 115 is connected to theresistor 119 via thediode 117 and to the resistor 120 via thediode 118. The twodiodes MΩ resistor 119, current flows through thediode 117 whilst, during a discharge stage having a time constant determined by the 0.5 MΩ resistor 120, current flows through thediode 118. In such an arrangement, current flows for only 1/6 th of the duty cycle, i.e. approximately 16%. - An
output 125 of the integrated circuit timer 111 is connected, via aresistor 126 to the base of a firstbipolar junction transistor 127 whoseemitter 128 is itself connected to the base of a secondbipolar junction transistor 129. The collector of the firstbipolar junction transistor 127 is connected to apositive supply rail 130 and a 2.4 V, 330mA lamp 131 is connected between thepositive supply rail 130 and the collector of the secondbipolar junction transistor 129. - The first
bipolar junction transistor 127 functions as a switch which operates under control of the integrated circuit timer 111 for supplying current to thelamp 131 during the minor part of the duty cycle (16%) and is cut-off during the remainder of the duty cycle for preventing the supply of current to thelamp 131. The secondbipolar junction transistor 129 functions as an amplifier for providing enough current to drive thelamp 131. - A photoresistor 135 (constituting a light dependent resistor) in series with a current limiting
resistor 136 is connected to the integrated circuit timer 111 so as to permit operation of the integrated circuit timer 111 only when the ambient light falls below a predetermined threshold. By this means, operation of the roadside warning lamp (see Fig. 7) may be restricted to nighttime use only, thereby conserving thebattery 112. - By adjusting the value of the
capacitor 115, the oscillation frequency of thelamp 131 may be raised above the critical frequency of fusion, (approximately 25 Hz), so that any flicker of thelamp 131 is undetectable by the human eye. - Fig. 7 shows a
roadside lamp 131 fitted within a housing 140 containing therein theflasher circuit 110 described above with reference to Fig. 6 of the drawings. Therechargeable battery 112 and thelamp 131 are both fitted within the housing 140 and thesolar panel 113 is mounted on an upper surface thereof. A switch 141 fixed to the housing 140 permits thebattery 112 to be disconnected from theflasher circuit 110, thereby conserving battery power. - During daylight hours, the
solar panel 113 recharges theinternal battery 112 such that in the presence of sufficient ambient illumination, thesolar panel 113 is alone responsible for providing power to the flasher circuit 110 (Fig. 1), any residual solar energy being used to trickle charge therechargeable battery 112 and maintain it fully charged. With the component values described above with reference to Fig. 1 of the drawings, thebattery 112 is fully charged within 3 1/2 hours' illumination on a bright day. Under these circumstances, there is enough charge in thebattery 112 to operate the circuit for three consecutive nights (i.e. in the absence of ambient illumination) for an average of 18 hours each night. - Whenever the ambient light falls below the predetermined threshold established by the
photoresistor 135, thelamp 131 flashes continuously so as to provide a visual warning to motorists and pedestrians and thus to enhance their safety. - Both the diameter and depth of the
lamp 131 are nominally 21 cm and thelamp 131 may be, in all respects, identical to that currently employed in standard roadside warning lamps. - It will further be noted that the miniaturization of the
flasher circuit 110 permits thebattery 112 to be of such dimension that it too can be accommodated within the housing 140. This, of course, is distinct from hitherto proposed roadside warning lamps of comparable light output which require much larger batteries which must be provided as a separate unit.
Claims (11)
- An electrical flasher circuit (110) comprising
a rechargeable battery (112),
a solar panel (113) coupled to the rechargeable battery,
an oscillator circuit coupled to the rechargeable battery and to the solar panel for producing, during a minor proportion of a duty cycle of the oscillator circuit, an output voltage which oscillates at a predetermined frequency,
at least one lamp (131) coupled to the oscillator circuit for flashing in response to the oscillating output voltage;
whereby the solar panel (113) provides sufficient power to energize the oscillator circuit and to recharge the rechargeable battery when at least a predetermined threshold of light acts on the solar panel, and the rechargeable battery (112) alone energizes the oscillator circuit for at least a first predetermined time period in the absence of said light. - An electrical flasher circuit according to Claim 1 wherein the oscillator circuit includes an integrated circuit (111), and an amplifier (129) is provided having an input coupled to an output of the integrated circuit and having an output coupled to the lamp (131) for amplifying an output current thereof in order to provide sufficient current to source the lamp.
- An electrical flasher circuit according to Claim 1 or 2 further including a light dependent resistor (135) coupled to the oscillator for permitting the oscillator to function only when an ambient light level falls below a predetermined threshold.
- A roadside warning lamp comprising:
a housing (140) for accommodating therein a lamp (131) having a depth substantially no greater than 21 cm and a diameter substantially no greater than 21 cm, and an electrical flasher circuit according to any one of Claims 1 to 3 of which the lamp (131) forms a part. - A roadside warning lamp according to Claim 4 wherein the minor proportion of the duty cycle of the oscillator circuit forming part of the flasher circuit is between 5% to 20%.
- An electrical flasher circuit, comprising:
a rechargeable battery (12) having a nominal voltage no greater than about 1.2 V,
a solar panel (13) having a nominal current rating of about 70 mA and a nominal output voltage of about 3.6 V coupled to the rechargeable battery (12),
an oscillator circuit (11) coupled to the rechargeable battery and to the solar panel having a nominal current drain under 0.5 mA and operative from a supply voltage in excess of 0.5 V for producing an output voltage which oscillates at a predetermined frequency, and
at least one LED (15) having a nominal drive current of about 0.5 mA coupled to the oscillator circuit for flashing in response to the oscillating output voltage;
whereby the solar panel (13) provides sufficient power to energize the oscillator circuit and to recharge the rechargeable battery when at least a predetermined threshold of light acts on the solar panel, and the rechargeable battery alone energizes the oscillator circuit for at least a first predetermined time period in the absence of said light. - An electrical circuit according to Claim 1 wherein the predetermined frequency is greater than the critical frequency of fusion.
- A reflecting roadstud comprising:
a housing (20) having a depth adapted to be partially embedded in a roadway, and
an electrical flasher circuit according to Claim 6 or 7. - A roadstud according to Claim 8 wherein the solar panel (21) is fixed to an upper surface of the housing (20) adapted to extend above a roadway.
- A roadstud according to Claim 8 or 9 wherein at least one LED is provided on respective opposing sides (24, 25) of said housing (20) adapted to extend above a roadway.
- A memorial symbol, comprising:
a housing containing therein a flasher circuit in accordance with Claim 6 or 7 and having a window of predetermined shape for displaying the flashing LED.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IL98755 | 1991-07-08 | ||
IL9875591A IL98755A (en) | 1991-07-08 | 1991-07-08 | Led electronic flasher circuit |
IL10040691A IL100406A (en) | 1991-12-18 | 1991-12-18 | Electronic flasher circuit |
IL100406 | 1991-12-18 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0523903A2 true EP0523903A2 (en) | 1993-01-20 |
EP0523903A3 EP0523903A3 (en) | 1994-09-28 |
Family
ID=26322284
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP9292306258A Withdrawn EP0523903A3 (en) | 1991-07-08 | 1992-07-08 | Light flasher apparatus |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0523903A3 (en) |
TW (1) | TW213991B (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2704673A1 (en) * | 1993-04-30 | 1994-11-04 | Togni Jean Jacques | Monument reminder device |
ES2107374A1 (en) * | 1995-05-24 | 1997-11-16 | Grupo De Pinturas Ind S A | Luminous signalling for roadways |
WO2000054233A2 (en) * | 1999-03-06 | 2000-09-14 | Electronic Solar Products Limited | Signalling device |
ES2154087A1 (en) * | 1995-11-06 | 2001-03-16 | Emhart Inc | Lockset |
GB2356037A (en) * | 1999-11-03 | 2001-05-09 | Page Aerospace Ltd | A semiconductor light source |
ES2160439A1 (en) * | 1998-02-17 | 2001-11-01 | Zamora Concepcion Sanguino | Self-illuminating funeral ornament. |
GB2377010A (en) * | 2001-06-26 | 2002-12-31 | Geoffrey James Jones | Indicator light |
GB2423350A (en) * | 2005-02-19 | 2006-08-23 | George Joseph Nagle | Solar powered monument light |
US9695996B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2017-07-04 | Inq-Energy, Inc. | Solar-powered roadway delineator |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4563727A (en) * | 1985-01-14 | 1986-01-07 | Curiel Raymond F | Self-charging solar battery |
US4626852A (en) * | 1984-02-01 | 1986-12-02 | Pennwalt Corporation | Buoy lantern system |
US4686441A (en) * | 1985-03-04 | 1987-08-11 | Tor Petterson | Photo electric charger device for low power electrical device |
-
1992
- 1992-07-02 TW TW81105244A patent/TW213991B/zh active
- 1992-07-08 EP EP9292306258A patent/EP0523903A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4626852A (en) * | 1984-02-01 | 1986-12-02 | Pennwalt Corporation | Buoy lantern system |
US4563727A (en) * | 1985-01-14 | 1986-01-07 | Curiel Raymond F | Self-charging solar battery |
US4686441A (en) * | 1985-03-04 | 1987-08-11 | Tor Petterson | Photo electric charger device for low power electrical device |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2704673A1 (en) * | 1993-04-30 | 1994-11-04 | Togni Jean Jacques | Monument reminder device |
ES2107374A1 (en) * | 1995-05-24 | 1997-11-16 | Grupo De Pinturas Ind S A | Luminous signalling for roadways |
ES2154087A1 (en) * | 1995-11-06 | 2001-03-16 | Emhart Inc | Lockset |
ES2160439A1 (en) * | 1998-02-17 | 2001-11-01 | Zamora Concepcion Sanguino | Self-illuminating funeral ornament. |
WO2000054233A3 (en) * | 1999-03-06 | 2001-01-25 | Electronic Solar Products Ltd | Signalling device |
WO2000054233A2 (en) * | 1999-03-06 | 2000-09-14 | Electronic Solar Products Limited | Signalling device |
GB2356037A (en) * | 1999-11-03 | 2001-05-09 | Page Aerospace Ltd | A semiconductor light source |
GB2390149A (en) * | 1999-11-03 | 2003-12-31 | Page Aerospace Ltd | Control circuit that supplies current to LEDs to cause LEDS to emit light in sequence to provide constant output intensity |
GB2356037B (en) * | 1999-11-03 | 2004-03-31 | Page Aerospace Ltd | A semiconductor light source |
GB2390149B (en) * | 1999-11-03 | 2004-05-26 | Page Aerospace Ltd | A semiconductor light source |
GB2377010A (en) * | 2001-06-26 | 2002-12-31 | Geoffrey James Jones | Indicator light |
GB2423350A (en) * | 2005-02-19 | 2006-08-23 | George Joseph Nagle | Solar powered monument light |
US9695996B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2017-07-04 | Inq-Energy, Inc. | Solar-powered roadway delineator |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0523903A3 (en) | 1994-09-28 |
TW213991B (en) | 1993-10-01 |
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