EP0523117A1 - Central locking installation for a motor vehicle. - Google Patents

Central locking installation for a motor vehicle.

Info

Publication number
EP0523117A1
EP0523117A1 EP91907011A EP91907011A EP0523117A1 EP 0523117 A1 EP0523117 A1 EP 0523117A1 EP 91907011 A EP91907011 A EP 91907011A EP 91907011 A EP91907011 A EP 91907011A EP 0523117 A1 EP0523117 A1 EP 0523117A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transmitter
receiver
central locking
locking system
word
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91907011A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0523117B1 (en
Inventor
Berthold Wolfram
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
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Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0523117A1 publication Critical patent/EP0523117A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00182—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with unidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00182—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with unidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G07C2009/00238—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with unidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks the transmittted data signal containing a code which is changed
    • G07C2009/00253—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with unidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks the transmittted data signal containing a code which is changed dynamically, e.g. variable code - rolling code
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a central locking system for a motor vehicle with a control and a remote control device, which is provided with at least one transmitter operating as a key and a receiver operating as a lock, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a central locking system is known from German Patent 32 44 049.
  • a number of defined, different code words are stored in the transmitter and in the receiver (code word supply), which in turn are arranged in a sequence.
  • the transmitter transmits one of these code words and does this sequentially, starting with the first code word.
  • a decoding device in the receiver accordingly converts a received codeword into an unlocking signal and feeds it to the controller.
  • the code word is exhausted, the first code word is started cyclically.
  • the decoding device for processing these code words is equipped with several decoding channels corresponding to the number of transmitters.
  • both the transmitter identification and the number of decoding channels and thus the number of transmitters used in the central locking system must be known beforehand. This data must have been set at the factory, for example by programming. The user is therefore fixed from the outset to a predetermined number of keys.
  • the invention is based on the object of modifying a central locking system of the type mentioned at the outset such that the transmitter (key) searches for its own transmitter identifier, which differs from the identifier of other transmitters, and the maximum number of authorized transmitters only from depends on the size of the send and receive memory.
  • a central locking system in which a random generator in the transmitter of the remote control device generates a transmitter identifier upon authorized initialization, which is stored in a transmitter memory, in which the transmitter identifier is transmitted together with a code word from the transmitter to the receiver and in which the receiver contains an evaluation circuit by means of which the transmitter identifier is compared with already stored transmitter identifiers during initialization and is stored as an authorized transmitter identifier in a receive memory if it has not yet been stored.
  • a central locking system is simple, inexpensive and particularly suitable for mass production.
  • Another advantage of this central locking system is that there is no dialogue between the key and the lock, i.e. there must only be one transmitting element in the key, but no receiving element. Furthermore, a register in the key can be used as a random generator. Because of the small number of required components in the key, the construction largely from useful external criteria, such as of manageability.
  • FIG. 1 shows a central locking system according to the invention for a motor vehicle with a transmitter and a receiver
  • FIG. 2 shows the transmitter and the receiver of the central locking system according to FIG. 1
  • 3 shows the structure of a signal transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver of the central locking system according to FIG. 1.
  • a motor vehicle 1 (FIG. 1) has a central locking system which is actuated by a transmitter 2.
  • a signal 3 is sent to the receiver 4.
  • the receiver 4 can be outside the motor vehicle 1, e.g. on a vehicle door, or in the motor vehicle, e.g. on the rearview mirror.
  • the transmitter 2 and the receiver 4 In order to adapt a transmitter 2 to a central locking system, the transmitter 2 and the receiver 4 must first be brought into an initialization mode.
  • the receiver is activated by a predefined setting of an electrical consumer provided for this purpose in the motor vehicle 1, e.g. a car radio, prepared.
  • the central locking system can be initialized with reduced transmission power. Then the transmitter 2 must be held at a maximum distance of ten millimeters from the receiver 4.
  • a transmitter control element 6 (FIG. 2), here executed as a key, is then held down until a display element 9, e.g., controlled by a clock generator 7 and a counter 8, is pressed.
  • a light-emitting diode lights up for a predetermined period of time and thus specifies a cycle for the user to actuate the key to carry out an initialization.
  • a random generator 10 In a first initialization step, several random numbers are generated in a random generator 10.
  • the random generator 10 is integrated in a transmitter control circuit 11 here.
  • the control circuit 11 is designed here as a microprocessor and the random generator as a register of the microprocessor.
  • the register is incremented after application of a supply voltage. The content of the register determines the random number when a key is pressed.
  • Several random numbers become in the control circuit 11 formed a master code word (master code).
  • the original code changes a given mathematical law of education, with the aid of which a series for the code words of a code word supply (alternating code) can be calculated. This also determines the size of the code word pool.
  • a further random number is determined by the transmitter identifier 22 (cf. FIG. 3) from a number of approved transmitter identifiers.
  • the transmitter identifier 22 and the original code word are stored in a transmitter memory 12 and are transmitted wirelessly, e.g. by means of infrared radiation, to a receiving element 15 of the receiver 4.
  • the received signal 3 is evaluated in a further receiver control circuit 17 clocked by a clock generator 16, which here is designed as a microprocessor.
  • the original code word tells the receiver 4 that initialization is taking place.
  • the received transmitter identifier 22 is adopted as the transmitter identifier which will be valid in the future and is stored in a reception memory 18.
  • An acknowledgment signal is then sent via a further display element 19, e.g. an LED, output in the receiver 4.
  • a further random number is used together with the original code to calculate a start code word.
  • the start code word is used to use the education law to determine a first code word 23 (see FIG. 3) in turn from the change code, i.e. the first code word of the change code to be transmitted is specified.
  • the start code is transmitted to the receiver 4 together with the transmitter identifier and is stored in the receiver memory 18 together with the transmitter identifier.
  • the first code value 23 of the alternating code is generated in 5ender 2 with the formation law defined by the original code with the aid of the start code word. This is transmitted to the receiver 4 together with the transmitter identifier 22. There, the first code word 23 is stored together with the transmitter identifier 22 in the reception memory 18 as the start word. The start word is used with the help of the Education Act to define the code word that is expected in the receiver 4 after the transmission of a code word 23.
  • the central locking system has now been initialized to such an extent that the transmitter 2 can be used to open or close the central locking system.
  • the transmitter identifier 22 in the microprocessor of the receiver is compared with any existing identifiers of other transmitters. If the same transmitter identifier 22 has not yet been stored, it is adopted as the transmitter identifier which will be valid in the future and stored in the receiver memory 18. However, if the same transmitter identifier has already been stored by another transmitter 2 during initialization, the receiver 4 does not issue an acknowledgment signal and the initialization must be repeated.
  • the transmitter identifier 22 in the receiver 4 is checked for its authorization as the transmitter identifier of the central locking system, and if the authorization is given, the start code word is stored together with the transmitter identifier in the receive memory 18.
  • the transmitter identifier 22 is first checked in the receiver 4 and stored together with the first code word 23 of the change code after the start code word in the reception memory 18 as the start word. With this procedure, all transmitters approved for the central locking system are now initialized.
  • the start code word can be dispensed with. Only the original code word defines the first code word of the change code to be transmitted.
  • the change code word transmitted directly beforehand is changed in accordance with the specified law of education, ie the individual code words 23 are cyclically removed from the word set of the change code when a key is pressed.
  • the first code word is started again.
  • the code word 23 is transmitted to the receiver 4 together with the stored transmitter identifier 22. There it is checked whether the transmitter identifier 22 is present.
  • the start word stored under this transmitter identifier in the reception memory 18 is changed according to the same law as in the transmitter 2 and compared with the received code word 23. If the two code words match, a control pulse 20 is sent to a control of the centrally locked door locks in order to effect a closing or opening process. The received code word 23 is saved as a new start word.
  • code word 23 is only calculated in transmitter 2.
  • the receiver 4 should react to received code words 23, which in turn have already been calculated further than the code word originally expected.
  • the start word is further calculated in the receiver 4 up to a number of several subsequent code words (catch area) and in each case compared with the received code word 23. If a code word of the catch area matches the received code word 23, a control pulse 20 is then triggered.
  • the size of the catch area depends on the size of the code word supply and on security-relevant aspects.
  • the catch range is between zero and ninety-nine code words. If the received code word 23, starting from the start word, lies outside the catch range, but within an extended catch range (post-synchronization range), then a control pulse 20 is only sent to the controller sent if the code word received immediately thereafter is the code word expected according to the Education Act. In the present application example, the post-synchronization range is between a hundred and a thousand code words. If a control pulse 20 is triggered, the received code word 23 is stored as the start word together with the transmitter identifier 22 in the reception memory 18.
  • the transmitted signal 3 (FIG. 3) consists of bits of the transmitter identifier 22 and of bits of the code word 23.
  • the transmitter identifier 22 remains the same when the key is initialized and is stored in the transmitter memory 12.
  • the size of the code word stock depends on the number of bits of code word 23. In the case of a code word 23 with, for example, sixty-four bits, there is a code word stock of 2 to 64 different code words for the alternating code.
  • the code word 23 is changed after each key operation in the transmitter by the Education Act, starting from the directly preceding code word. It is stored as a start word in the receiver 4 as soon as a control pulse 20 has been triggered.
  • the master code word, the start code word or the change code word can be transmitted as code word 23.
  • the number of possible transmitter identifiers 22 is, for example, fourteen and that of the permitted keys is four.
  • the key numbers can be coded so that they differ from one another by two bits. This largely precludes the fact that, due to a bit error in the transmission of signal 3 in receiver 4, the alternating code of another key is used for the comparison.
  • the first key is initialized, the number "11", for example, is randomly generated as the key number and accepted and acknowledged by the receiver 4.
  • the initialization of the second key results in the key number "6" generated at random. This is also accepted and acknowledged.
  • the third key is initialized, the key number "11" is generated randomly. This is not accepted by the recipient 4 because it has already been assigned to another key.
  • the special coding of the key number can be dispensed with.
  • a test byte is generated in transmitter 2 and transmitted in signal 3.
  • the receiver 4 compares the received signal 3 with the signal to be expected, in which a test byte has also been generated in the receiver.
  • a change code word to be transmitted consists of three bytes with the hexadecimal numbers "03", "02" and "04".
  • the check byte is now generated by forming the checksum of the three change code bytes and results in the hexadecimal number "09”.
  • the four bytes are transmitted to the receiver 4 in the code word 23.
  • the three bytes of the expected change code word and their checksum are calculated in the receiver 4. If the alternating code bytes or the cross sum match, the received code word 23 is assumed to be valid. The comparison can thus be used to determine whether there is a transmission error.

Abstract

Une installation de verrouillage centralisé pour véhicules à moteur comprend un émetteur (2) qui sert de clé et un récepteur (4) qui sert de serrure. Lorsque l'émetteur (2) est actionné afin de fermer ou d'ouvrir les serrures des portes, un signal (3) est transmis au récepteur (4), déclenchant une impulsion de commande (3). Chaque émetteur (2) a sa propre caractéristique d'émission et un réservoir de mots de code dans lequel des mots de code sont successivement prélevés et transmis. Le récepteur (4) procède à une allocation de l'émetteur sur la base de la caractéristique d'émission. L'objet de l'invention est d'obtenir que l'émetteur (2) recherche sa propre caractéristique d'émission. A cet effet, une caractéristique d'émission est aléatoirement générée dans l'émetteur, enregistrée dans une mémoire (12) d'émission et transmise avec un mot de code. Le récepteur (4) comprend un circuit d'évaluation qui compare la caractéristique de l'émetteur avec des caractéristiques d'émission déjà mémorisées et la mémorise en tant que caractéristique admissible d'émission dans une mémoire (18) du récepteur lorsqu'elle n'est pas encore mémorisée.A central locking system for motor vehicles comprises a transmitter (2) which serves as a key and a receiver (4) which serves as a lock. When the transmitter (2) is actuated to close or open the door locks, a signal (3) is transmitted to the receiver (4), triggering a command pulse (3). Each transmitter (2) has its own transmission characteristic and a codeword pool from which codewords are successively picked up and transmitted. The receiver (4) performs transmitter allocation based on the transmission characteristic. The object of the invention is to obtain that the transmitter (2) searches for its own transmission characteristic. To this end, a transmission characteristic is randomly generated in the transmitter, stored in a transmission memory (12) and transmitted with a code word. The receiver (4) comprises an evaluation circuit which compares the characteristic of the transmitter with transmission characteristics already stored and stores it as an admissible transmission characteristic in a memory (18) of the receiver when it is n is not memorized yet.

Description

Zentralverriegelungsanlage für ein Kraftfahrzeug Central locking system for a motor vehicle
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zentralverriegelungsanlage für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einer Steuerung und einer Fernbetätigungs-Ein¬ richtung, die mit zumindest einem als Schlüssel arbeitenden Sen¬ der und einem als Schloß arbeitenden Empfänger versehen ist, ge¬ mäß Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a central locking system for a motor vehicle with a control and a remote control device, which is provided with at least one transmitter operating as a key and a receiver operating as a lock, according to the preamble of claim 1.
Eine solche Zentralverriegelungsanlage ist bekannt aus der deutschen Patentschrift 32 44 049. Dabei sind im Sender und im Empfänger eine Menge von definierten, unterschiedlichen Code¬ worten gespeichert (Codewortvorrat), die ihrerseits einer Reihe nach geordnet sind. Der Sender sendet bei Betätigung eines Be¬ dienelements eines dieser Codeworte aus und zwar der Reihe nach fortschaltend, beginnend beim ersten Codewort. Eine Decodier- einrichtung im Empfänger setzt entsprechend ein empfangenes Co¬ dewort in ein Entriegelungssignal um und führt es der Steuerung zu. Ist der Codewortvorrat ausgeschöpft, so wird zyklisch wie¬ der beim ersten Codewort begonnen. Handelt es sich um eine Aus-- führungsform mit mehreren Sendern, jedoch mit von Sender zu Sender unterschiedlichen Mengen von Codeworten, so ist die Deco- diereinrichtung zur Verarbeitung dieser Codeworte mit mehreren, der Anzahl der Sender entsprechenden Decodierkanälen ausge¬ rüstet. Bei Betätigung des Senders wird eine fest eingestellte von dem Sender abhängige Kennung (Senderkennung) ausgestrahlt, die sich von den Kennungen anderer Sender unterscheidet und die im Empfänger den entsprechenden Decodierkanal einschaltet.Such a central locking system is known from German Patent 32 44 049. A number of defined, different code words are stored in the transmitter and in the receiver (code word supply), which in turn are arranged in a sequence. When a control element is actuated, the transmitter transmits one of these code words and does this sequentially, starting with the first code word. A decoding device in the receiver accordingly converts a received codeword into an unlocking signal and feeds it to the controller. When the code word is exhausted, the first code word is started cyclically. If it is an embodiment with several transmitters, but with different amounts of code words from transmitter to transmitter, the decoding device for processing these code words is equipped with several decoding channels corresponding to the number of transmitters. When the transmitter is actuated, a permanently set identifier (transmitter identifier) which is dependent on the transmitter and which differs from the identifiers of other transmitters and which switches on the corresponding decoding channel in the receiver is emitted.
Bei der bekannten Zentralverriegelungsanlage muß sowohl die Sen¬ derkennung als auch die Anzahl der Decodierkanäle und damit die Anzahl der verwendeten Sender der Zentralverriegelungsanlage vorher bekannt sein. Diese Daten müssen werksmäßig beispielswei- se durch Programmierung eingestellt worden sein. Daher ist der Benutzer von vornherein auf eine vorgegebene Anzahl von Schlüs¬ seln festgelegt. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Zentralverriege¬ lungsanlage der eingangs genannten Art so abzuwandeln, daß sich der Sender (Schlüssel) seine Senderkennung, die sich von der Kennung anderer Sender unterscheidet, selber sucht und die axi- male Anzahl der berechtigten Sender nur von der Größe des Sende- und Empfangsspeichers abhängt.In the known central locking system, both the transmitter identification and the number of decoding channels and thus the number of transmitters used in the central locking system must be known beforehand. This data must have been set at the factory, for example by programming. The user is therefore fixed from the outset to a predetermined number of keys. The invention is based on the object of modifying a central locking system of the type mentioned at the outset such that the transmitter (key) searches for its own transmitter identifier, which differs from the identifier of other transmitters, and the maximum number of authorized transmitters only from depends on the size of the send and receive memory.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Zentralverriegelungsanlage gelöst, bei der ein Zufallsgenerator im Sender der Fernbetäti- gungseinrichtung bei einer berechtigten Initialisierung eine Senderkennung erzeugt, die in einem Sendespeicher gespeichert wird, bei der die Senderkennung zusammen mit einem Codewort vom Sender zum Empfänger übertragen wird und bei der der Empfänger eine Auswerteschaltung enthält, durch die die Senderkennung bei der Initialisierung mit bereits gespeicherten Senderkennungen verglichen und als berechtigte Senderkennung in einem Empfangs¬ speicher gespeichert wird, wenn sie noch nicht gespeichert ist. Eine solche Zentralverriegelungsanlage ist einfach aufgebaut, kostengünstig und insbesondere für die Massenfertigung geeignet.This object is achieved by a central locking system in which a random generator in the transmitter of the remote control device generates a transmitter identifier upon authorized initialization, which is stored in a transmitter memory, in which the transmitter identifier is transmitted together with a code word from the transmitter to the receiver and in which the receiver contains an evaluation circuit by means of which the transmitter identifier is compared with already stored transmitter identifiers during initialization and is stored as an authorized transmitter identifier in a receive memory if it has not yet been stored. Such a central locking system is simple, inexpensive and particularly suitable for mass production.
Ein weiterer Vorteil dieser Zentralverriegelungsanlage liegt da¬ rin, daß kein Dialog zwischen Schlüssel und Schloß stattfindet, d.h. im Schlüssel muß sich nur ein Sendeelement befinden, aber kein Empfaπgselement. Des weiteren kann als Zufallsgenerator ein Register im Schlüssel verwendet werden. Wegen der geringe Anzahl von benötigten Komponenten im Schlüssel wird die Bauforrr. weitgehend von nützlichen äußeren Kriterien, wie z.B. der Hand¬ lichkeit, bestimmt.Another advantage of this central locking system is that there is no dialogue between the key and the lock, i.e. there must only be one transmitting element in the key, but no receiving element. Furthermore, a register in the key can be used as a random generator. Because of the small number of required components in the key, the construction largely from useful external criteria, such as of manageability.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand der beigefüg¬ ten Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen:An embodiment of the invention is explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine erfindungsgemäße Zentralverriegelungsanlage für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Sender und einem Empfänger, Fig. 2 den Sender und den Empfänger der Zentralverriegelungs¬ anlage nach Fig. 1, und Fig. 3 den Aufbau eines vom Sender zum Empfänger der Zentral¬ verriegelungsanlage nach Fig. 1 übertragenen Signals.1 shows a central locking system according to the invention for a motor vehicle with a transmitter and a receiver, FIG. 2 shows the transmitter and the receiver of the central locking system according to FIG. 1, and 3 shows the structure of a signal transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver of the central locking system according to FIG. 1.
Ein Kraftfahrzeug 1 (Fig. 1) weist eine Zentralverriegelungsan- läge auf, die von einem Sender 2 aus betätigt wird. Bei der Be¬ tätigung des Senders 2 durch einen Benutzer wird ein Signal 3 zu Empfänger 4 gesendet. Der Empfänger 4 kann außerhalb des Kraftfahrzeugs 1, z.B an einer Fahrzeugtür, oder im Kraftfahr¬ zeug ,z.B. am Rückspiegel, angebracht sein.A motor vehicle 1 (FIG. 1) has a central locking system which is actuated by a transmitter 2. When the transmitter 2 is actuated by a user, a signal 3 is sent to the receiver 4. The receiver 4 can be outside the motor vehicle 1, e.g. on a vehicle door, or in the motor vehicle, e.g. on the rearview mirror.
Um einen Sender 2 an eine Zentralverriegelungsanlage anzupas¬ sen, müssen zunächst der Sender 2 und der Empfänger 4 in einen Initialisierungsmodus gebracht werden. Dabei wird der Empfänger durch eine vorgegebene Einstellung eines für diesen Zweck vor- gesehenen elektrischen Verbrauchers im Kraftfahrzeug 1, z.B. ein Autoradio, vorbereitet.In order to adapt a transmitter 2 to a central locking system, the transmitter 2 and the receiver 4 must first be brought into an initialization mode. The receiver is activated by a predefined setting of an electrical consumer provided for this purpose in the motor vehicle 1, e.g. a car radio, prepared.
Damit die zwischen Sender 2 und Empfänger 4 übertragenen Signa¬ le 3 nicht durch Dritte unbeabsichtigt abgehört werden können, kann eine Initialisierung der Zentralverriegelungsanlage bei re¬ duzierter Sendeleistung erfolgen. Dann muf der Sender 2 in ei¬ nem Abstand von maximal zehn Millimetern vom Empfänger 4 ent¬ fernt gehalten werden. Anschließend wird ein Senderbedienelement 6 (Fig. 2), hier als Taste ausgeführt, solange gedrückt gehal- ten, bis ein von einem Taktgeber 7 und einem Zähler 8 gesteuer¬ tes Anzeigeelement 9 , z.B. eine Leuchtdiode, eine vorgegebene Zeitdauer leuchtet und somit dem Benutzer einen Takt zur Betäti¬ gung der Taste zur Ausführung einer Initialisierung vorgibt.So that the signals 3 transmitted between the transmitter 2 and receiver 4 cannot be unintentionally intercepted by third parties, the central locking system can be initialized with reduced transmission power. Then the transmitter 2 must be held at a maximum distance of ten millimeters from the receiver 4. A transmitter control element 6 (FIG. 2), here executed as a key, is then held down until a display element 9, e.g., controlled by a clock generator 7 and a counter 8, is pressed. a light-emitting diode lights up for a predetermined period of time and thus specifies a cycle for the user to actuate the key to carry out an initialization.
in einem ersten Initialisierungsschritt werden in einem Zufalls¬ generator 10 mehrere Zufallszahlen generiert. Der Zufallsgenera¬ tor 10 ist hier in einer Sendersteuerschaltung 11 integriert. Die Steuerschaltung 11 ist hier als Mikroprozessor ausgeführt und der Zufallsgenerator als ein Register des Mikroprozessors. Das Register wird nach Anlegen einer Versorgungsspannung laufenα inkrementiert. Der Inhalt des Registers bestimmt bei Betätigung einer Tast die Zufallszahl. Aus mehreren Zufallszahlen wird in der Steuerschaltung 11 ein Urcodewort (Urcode) gebildet. Der Urcode ändert ein vorgegebenes mathematisches Bildungsgesetz, mit dessen Hilfe eine Reihe für die Codeworte eines Codewort¬ vorrats (Wechselcode) berechnet werden kann. Damit wird auch die Größe des Codewortvorrats bestimmt. Eine weitere Zufalls¬ zahl legt die Senderkennung 22 (vgl. Fig. 3) aus einer Anzahl von zugelassenen Senderkennungen fest.In a first initialization step, several random numbers are generated in a random generator 10. The random generator 10 is integrated in a transmitter control circuit 11 here. The control circuit 11 is designed here as a microprocessor and the random generator as a register of the microprocessor. The register is incremented after application of a supply voltage. The content of the register determines the random number when a key is pressed. Several random numbers become in the control circuit 11 formed a master code word (master code). The original code changes a given mathematical law of education, with the aid of which a series for the code words of a code word supply (alternating code) can be calculated. This also determines the size of the code word pool. A further random number is determined by the transmitter identifier 22 (cf. FIG. 3) from a number of approved transmitter identifiers.
Die Senderkennung 22 und das Urcodewort werden in einem Sende- Speicher 12 gespeichert und durch ein Sendeelement 13 drahtlos, z.B. mittels Infrarot-Strahlung, zu einem Empfangselement 15 des Empfängers 4 übertragen. Im Empfänger 4 wird das empfangene Signal 3 in einer weiteren von einem Taktgeber 16 getakteten Empfängersteuerschaltung 17, die hier als Mikroprozessor ausge- führt ist, ausgewertet. Dem Empfänger 4 wird durch das Urcode¬ wort mitgeteilt, daß eine Initialisierung erfolgt. Die empfange¬ ne Senderkennung 22 wird als zukünftig gültige Senderkennung übernommen und in einen Empfangsspeicher 18 gespeichert. Es wird dann ein Quittierungssignal über ein weiteres Anzeigeele- ment 19, z.B. eine Leuchtdiode, im Empfänger 4 ausgegeben.The transmitter identifier 22 and the original code word are stored in a transmitter memory 12 and are transmitted wirelessly, e.g. by means of infrared radiation, to a receiving element 15 of the receiver 4. In the receiver 4, the received signal 3 is evaluated in a further receiver control circuit 17 clocked by a clock generator 16, which here is designed as a microprocessor. The original code word tells the receiver 4 that initialization is taking place. The received transmitter identifier 22 is adopted as the transmitter identifier which will be valid in the future and is stored in a reception memory 18. An acknowledgment signal is then sent via a further display element 19, e.g. an LED, output in the receiver 4.
Im folgenαen Initialisierungsschritt wird eine weitere Zufalls¬ zahl zusammen mit dem Urcode zur Berechnung eines Startcode¬ worts herangezogen. Das Startcodewort dient dazu, mit Hilfe des Bildungsgesetzes ein erstes Codewort 23 (vgl. Fig. 3) der Reihe nach aus dem Wechselcode festzulegen, d.h. es wird das erste zu übertragende Codewort des Wechselcodes festgelegt. Das Startco¬ dewort wird zusammen mit der Senderkennung zum Empfänger 4 über¬ tragen und zusammen mit der Senderkennung im Empfangsspeicher 18 abgespeichert.In the following initialization step, a further random number is used together with the original code to calculate a start code word. The start code word is used to use the education law to determine a first code word 23 (see FIG. 3) in turn from the change code, i.e. the first code word of the change code to be transmitted is specified. The start code is transmitted to the receiver 4 together with the transmitter identifier and is stored in the receiver memory 18 together with the transmitter identifier.
In einem letzten Initialisierungsschritt wird im 5ender 2 mit dem vom Urcode festgelegten Bildungsgesetz das erste Codewert 23 des Wechselcodes mit Hilfe des Startcodeworts erzeugt. Dieses wird zusammen mit der Senderkennung 22 zum Empfänger 4 übertragen. Dort wird das erste Codewort 23 zusammen mit der Senderkennung 22 im Empfangsspeicher 18 als Startwort abgespei¬ chert. Das Startwort dient dazu, mit Hilfe des Bildungsgesetzes das Codewort festzulegen, das nach der Übertragung eines Code¬ worts 23 im Empfänger 4 erwartet wird. Die Zentralverriegelungs¬ anlage ist nun soweit initialisiert, daß der Sender 2 zum Öff¬ nen oder Schließen der Zentralverriegelungsanlage benutzt wer- den kann.In a last initialization step, the first code value 23 of the alternating code is generated in 5ender 2 with the formation law defined by the original code with the aid of the start code word. This is transmitted to the receiver 4 together with the transmitter identifier 22. There, the first code word 23 is stored together with the transmitter identifier 22 in the reception memory 18 as the start word. The start word is used with the help of the Education Act to define the code word that is expected in the receiver 4 after the transmission of a code word 23. The central locking system has now been initialized to such an extent that the transmitter 2 can be used to open or close the central locking system.
Nachfolgend werden weitere zugelassene Sender in der gleichen Weise initialisiert, wobei sich allerdings der Urcode, das Startcodewort und der Wechselcode von denen anderer Sender, be- dingt durch eine zufallsgenerierte Entstehungsweise, unterschei¬ den. Hinzu kommt, daß bei den noch zu initialisierenden Sendern im ersten Initialisierungsschritt die Senderkennung 22 im Mikro¬ prozessor des Empfängers mit eventuell bereits vorhandenen Ken¬ nungen von anderen Sendern verglichen wird. Ist die gleiche Sen- derkennung 22 noch nicht gespeichert, so wird sie als zukünftig gültige Senderkeπnung übernommen und im Empfangsspeicher 18 ge¬ speichert. Ist aber die gleiche Senderkennung bei einer vorher erfolgten Initialisierung durch einen anderen Sender 2 schon gespeichert worden, so gibt der Empfänger 4 kein Quittierungs- signal aus und die Initialisierung muß wiederholt werden.Subsequently, other approved transmitters are initialized in the same way, although the original code, the start code word and the alternating code differ from those of other transmitters due to a randomly generated mode of origin. In addition, in the case of the transmitters still to be initialized, in the first initialization step the transmitter identifier 22 in the microprocessor of the receiver is compared with any existing identifiers of other transmitters. If the same transmitter identifier 22 has not yet been stored, it is adopted as the transmitter identifier which will be valid in the future and stored in the receiver memory 18. However, if the same transmitter identifier has already been stored by another transmitter 2 during initialization, the receiver 4 does not issue an acknowledgment signal and the initialization must be repeated.
Im folgenden Initialisierungsschritt wird bei den noch zu initia¬ lisierenden Sendern 2 die Senderkennung 22 im Empfänger 4 auf ihre Berechtigung als Senderkennung der Zentralverriegelungsan- läge hin geprüft, und bei gegebener Berechtigung wird das Start¬ codewort zusammen mit der Senderkennung im Empfangsspeicher 18 abgespeichert. Im letzten Initialisierungsschritt wird im Empfänger 4 die Senderkennung 22 zuerst geprüft und zusammen mit dem ersten Codewort 23 des Wechselcodes nach dem Startcode- wort im Empfangsspeicher 18 als Startwort abgespeichert. Mit dieser Vorgehensweise sind nun alle zur Zentralverriegelungsan¬ lage zugelassenen Sender initialisiert.In the following initialization step, in the transmitters 2 still to be initialized, the transmitter identifier 22 in the receiver 4 is checked for its authorization as the transmitter identifier of the central locking system, and if the authorization is given, the start code word is stored together with the transmitter identifier in the receive memory 18. In the last initialization step, the transmitter identifier 22 is first checked in the receiver 4 and stored together with the first code word 23 of the change code after the start code word in the reception memory 18 as the start word. With this procedure, all transmitters approved for the central locking system are now initialized.
Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann auf das Startcodewort verzichtet werden. Lediglich das Urcodewort legt das erste zu übertragende Codewort des Wechselcodes fest. Im Normalbetrieb wird bei jeder Tastenbetätigung im Sender 2 das direkt vorher übertragene Wechselcodewort nach dem vorgege¬ benen Bildungsgesetz verändert, d.h. die einzelnen Codeworte 23 werden bei einer Tastenbetätigung zyklisch einer Reihe nach aus dem Wortvorrat des Wechselcode entnommen. Ist der Codewortvor¬ rat ausgeschöpft, so wird wieder beim ersten Codewort begonnen. Das Codewort 23 wird zusammen mit der gespeicherten Senderken¬ nung 22 zum Empfänger 4 übertragen. Dort wird geprüft, ob die Senderkennung 22 vorhanden ist. Bei berechtigter Senderkennung 22 wird das unter dieser Senderkennung im Empfangsspeicher 18 abgespeicherte Startwort nach dem gleichen Bildungsgesetz wie im Sender 2 geändert und mit dem empfangenen Codewort 23 ver¬ glichen. Bei Übereinstimmung der beiden Codeworte wird ein Steuerimpuls 20 an eine Steuerung der zentralverriegelten Türverschlüsse geschickt, um einen Schließ - oder Öffnungsvor¬ gang zu bewirken. Das empfangene Codewort 23 wird als neues Startwort gespeichert.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the start code word can be dispensed with. Only the original code word defines the first code word of the change code to be transmitted. In normal operation, each time the key is pressed in the transmitter 2, the change code word transmitted directly beforehand is changed in accordance with the specified law of education, ie the individual code words 23 are cyclically removed from the word set of the change code when a key is pressed. When the code word supply is exhausted, the first code word is started again. The code word 23 is transmitted to the receiver 4 together with the stored transmitter identifier 22. There it is checked whether the transmitter identifier 22 is present. If the transmitter identifier 22 is authorized, the start word stored under this transmitter identifier in the reception memory 18 is changed according to the same law as in the transmitter 2 and compared with the received code word 23. If the two code words match, a control pulse 20 is sent to a control of the centrally locked door locks in order to effect a closing or opening process. The received code word 23 is saved as a new start word.
Wird das Senderbedienelement 6 betätigt, ohne daß der Empfänger 4 ein Signal empfängt, z.B. bei Empfangsstörungen oder Leerbe¬ tätigungen, so wird das Codewort 23 nur im Sender 2 weiterge¬ rechnet. Damit die Zentralverriegelungsanlage funktionsfähig bleibt, sollte der Empfänger 4 auf empfangene Codeworte 23 reagieren, die der Reihe nach schon weiter gerechnet sind als das ursprünglich erwartete Codewort. Zu diesem Zweck wird im Empfänger 4 das Startwort bis zu einer Anzahl von mehreren nachfolgenden Codeworten (Fangbereich) weitergerechnet und jeweils mit dem empfangenen Codewort 23 verglichen. Bei Über¬ einstimmung eines Codeworts des Fangbereichs mit dem empfange- nen Codewort 23 wird dann ein Steuerimpuls 20 ausgelöst. DieIf the transmitter control element 6 is actuated without the receiver 4 receiving a signal, e.g. in the event of reception disturbances or idle operations, code word 23 is only calculated in transmitter 2. In order for the central locking system to remain functional, the receiver 4 should react to received code words 23, which in turn have already been calculated further than the code word originally expected. For this purpose, the start word is further calculated in the receiver 4 up to a number of several subsequent code words (catch area) and in each case compared with the received code word 23. If a code word of the catch area matches the received code word 23, a control pulse 20 is then triggered. The
Größe des Fangbereichs ist abhängig von der Größe des Codewort¬ vorrats und von sicherheitsrelevanten Aspekten. In dem vorlie¬ genden Anwendungsbeispiel liegt der Fangbereich zwischen null und neunundneunzig Codeworten. Liegt das empfangene Codewort 23, ausgehend vom Startwort, außerhalb des Fangbereichs, aber innerhalb eines erweiterten Fangbereichs (Nachsynchronisations¬ bereich), so wird nur dann ein Steuerimpuls 20 an die Steuerung geschickt, wenn das unmittelbar danach empfangene Codewort das nach dem Bildungsgesetz erwartete Codewort ist. Im vorliegenden Anwendungsbeispiel liegt der Nachsynchronisationsbereich zwi¬ schen hundert und tausend Codeworten. Wird ein Steuerimpuls 20 ausgelöst, so wird das empfangene Codewort 23 als Startwort zusammen mit der Senderkennung 22 im Empfangsspeicher 18 gespei¬ chert.The size of the catch area depends on the size of the code word supply and on security-relevant aspects. In the present application example, the catch range is between zero and ninety-nine code words. If the received code word 23, starting from the start word, lies outside the catch range, but within an extended catch range (post-synchronization range), then a control pulse 20 is only sent to the controller sent if the code word received immediately thereafter is the code word expected according to the Education Act. In the present application example, the post-synchronization range is between a hundred and a thousand code words. If a control pulse 20 is triggered, the received code word 23 is stored as the start word together with the transmitter identifier 22 in the reception memory 18.
Das übertragene Signal 3 (Fig. 3) besteht aus Bits der Sender- kennung 22 und aus Bits des Codeworts 23. Die Senderkennung 22 bleibt bei einem einmal initialisierten Schlüssel gleich und ist im Sendespeicher 12 gespeichert. Die Größe des Codewortvor¬ rats hängt von der Anzahl der Bits des Codeworts 23 ab. Bei ei¬ nem Codewort 23 mit beispielsweise vierundsechzig Bit ergibt sich ein Codewortvorrat von 2 hoch 64 verschiedenen Codeworten für den Wechselcode. Das Codewort 23 wird nach jeder Tastenbe¬ tätigung im Sender durch das Bildungsgesetz ausgehend vom di¬ rekt vorhergehenden Codewort verändert. Es wird als Startwort im Empfänger 4 gespeichert, sobald ein Steuerimpuls 20 ausge- löst worden ist. Als Codewort 23 können das Urcodewort, das Startcodewort oder das Wechselcodewort übertragen werden.The transmitted signal 3 (FIG. 3) consists of bits of the transmitter identifier 22 and of bits of the code word 23. The transmitter identifier 22 remains the same when the key is initialized and is stored in the transmitter memory 12. The size of the code word stock depends on the number of bits of code word 23. In the case of a code word 23 with, for example, sixty-four bits, there is a code word stock of 2 to 64 different code words for the alternating code. The code word 23 is changed after each key operation in the transmitter by the Education Act, starting from the directly preceding code word. It is stored as a start word in the receiver 4 as soon as a control pulse 20 has been triggered. The master code word, the start code word or the change code word can be transmitted as code word 23.
Die Anzahl der möglichen Senderkennungen 22 (Schlüsselnummer) ist beispielsweise vierzehn und die der zugelassenen Schlüssel vier. Die Schlüsselnummern können so codiert sein, daß sie sich untereinander durch zwei Bits unterscheiden. Damit wird weitge¬ hend ausgeschlossen, daß durch einen Bitfehler bei der Übertra¬ gung des Signals 3 im Empfänger 4 der Wechselcode eines anderen Schlüssels zum Vergleich herangezogen wird. Bei der Initialisie- rung des ersten Schlüssels wird als Schlüsselnummer z.B. die Zahl "11" zufallsgeneriert und vom Empfänger 4 akzeptiert und quittiert. Die Initialisierung des zweiten Schlüssels ergibt zufallsgeneriert die Schlüsselnummer "6". Diese wird auch ak¬ zeptiert und quittiert. Bei der Initialisierung des dritten Schlüssels ergibt sich zufallsgeneriert die Schlüsselnummer "11". Diese wird vom Empfänger 4 nicht akzeptiert, da sie schon für einen anderen Schlüssel vergeben ist. Eine zwingend notwendige Wiederholung der Initialisierung ergibt nun die Schlüsselnummer "2", die vom Empfänger 4 akzeptiert und quit¬ tiert wird. Je mehr Schlüsselnummern zur Auswahl stehen und je kleiner die Anzahl der zugelassenen Schlüssel ist, desto unwahrscheinlicher ist es, daß die Initialisierung wegen einer Doppelvergabe der Schlüsselnummer wiederholt werden muß.The number of possible transmitter identifiers 22 (key number) is, for example, fourteen and that of the permitted keys is four. The key numbers can be coded so that they differ from one another by two bits. This largely precludes the fact that, due to a bit error in the transmission of signal 3 in receiver 4, the alternating code of another key is used for the comparison. When the first key is initialized, the number "11", for example, is randomly generated as the key number and accepted and acknowledged by the receiver 4. The initialization of the second key results in the key number "6" generated at random. This is also accepted and acknowledged. When the third key is initialized, the key number "11" is generated randomly. This is not accepted by the recipient 4 because it has already been assigned to another key. An absolutely necessary repetition of the initialization now results in the key number "2", which is accepted and acknowledged by the receiver 4. The more key numbers to choose from and the smaller the number of permitted keys, the less likely it is that the initialization will have to be repeated because the key number has been assigned twice.
Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann auf die spezielle Codierung der Schlüsselnummer verzichtet werden. Stattdessen wird im Sender 2 ein Prüfbyte erzeugt und im Signal 3 übertragen. Der Empfänger 4 vergleicht das empfangene Signal 3 mit dem zu erwartenden Signal, in dem im Empfänger auch ein Prüfbyte erzeugt worden sind. Besteht beispielsweise ein zu übertragendes Wechselcodewort aus drei Bytes mit den Hexadezi¬ malzahlen "03", "02" und "04". Das Prüfbyte wird nun durch Bil¬ dung der Quersumme der drei Wechselcodebytes erzeugt und ergibt die Hexadezimalzahl "09". Im Codewort 23 werden die vier Bytes zum Empfänger 4 übertragen. Im Empfänger 4 werden die drei Bytes des erwarteten Wechselcodeworts sowie deren Quersumme be¬ rechnet. Bei Übereinstimmung der Wechselcodebytes oder der Quer¬ summe wird das empfangene Codewort 23 als gültig angenommen. Durch den Vergleich kann somit festgestellt werden, ob ein Über¬ tragungsfehler vorliegt.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the special coding of the key number can be dispensed with. Instead, a test byte is generated in transmitter 2 and transmitted in signal 3. The receiver 4 compares the received signal 3 with the signal to be expected, in which a test byte has also been generated in the receiver. For example, a change code word to be transmitted consists of three bytes with the hexadecimal numbers "03", "02" and "04". The check byte is now generated by forming the checksum of the three change code bytes and results in the hexadecimal number "09". The four bytes are transmitted to the receiver 4 in the code word 23. The three bytes of the expected change code word and their checksum are calculated in the receiver 4. If the alternating code bytes or the cross sum match, the received code word 23 is assumed to be valid. The comparison can thus be used to determine whether there is a transmission error.
Der in der obigen Beschreibung benutzte Begriff "Sender" ist hinsichtlich seines Aufbaus und seiner Funktion identisch mit dem Begriff "Schlüssel". Der Begriff "Code" bedeutet hier eine Vorschrift, die die Eigenschaften einer Menge von "Codeworten" festlegt. The term "transmitter" used in the above description is identical in terms of its structure and function to the term "key". The term "code" here means a regulation that defines the properties of a set of "code words".

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Zentralverriegelungsanlage für ein Kraftfahrzeug (1) mit einer Steuerung und einer Fernbetätigungseinrichtung, die mit zumindest einem als Schlüssel arbeitenden Sender (2) und einem als Schloß arbeitenden Empfänger (4) versehen ist,1. Central locking system for a motor vehicle (1) with a control and a remote control device which is provided with at least one transmitter (2) operating as a key and a receiver (4) operating as a lock,
- bei der durch den Sender (2) bei einer Betätigung zum Zwecke des Schließens oder Öffnens der Türverschlüsse einerseits ein den Schließ- oder Öffnungsvorgang bewirkendes Codewort (23) und andererseits eine Senderkennung (22) ausgesendet wird und daraufhin durch den Empfänger (4) an die Steuerung ein Steuer¬ impuls (20) übertragen wird und- In which the transmitter (2), when actuated for the purpose of closing or opening the door locks, transmits on the one hand a code word (23) causing the closing or opening process and, on the other hand, a transmitter identifier (22) and then by the receiver (4) the control a control pulse (20) is transmitted and
- bei der der Empfänger (4) eine Codiereinrichtung enthält, anhand derer mittels der Senderkennung (22) eine Senderzuord- nung getroffen wird, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t ,- in which the receiver (4) contains a coding device, on the basis of which a transmitter assignment is made by means of the transmitter identifier (22), that is, which means that,
- daß der Sender (2) einen Zufallsgenerator (IC) enthält, durch den bei einer berechtigten Initialisierung die Senderkennung (22) erzeugt wird, und einen Sendespeicher (12), in dem die Senderkennung gespeichert wird,- That the transmitter (2) contains a random generator (IC), by which the transmitter identifier (22) is generated in the event of an authorized initialization, and a transmitter memory (12) in which the transmitter identifier is stored,
- daß die Senderkennung (22) zusammen mit einem Codewort (23) in einem Signal (3) vom Sender (2) zum Empfänger (4) übertra¬ gen wird, und- That the transmitter identifier (22) is transmitted together with a code word (23) in a signal (3) from the transmitter (2) to the receiver (4), and
- daß der Empfänger (4) eine Empfängersteuerschaltung (17) ent- hält, in der die Senderkennung (22) bei der Initialisierung mit bereits gespeicherten Senderkennungen verglichen und als berechtigte Senderkennung in einen Empfangsspeicher (18) ge¬ speichert wird, wenn sie noch nicht gespeichert ist.- That the receiver (4) contains a receiver control circuit (17), in which the transmitter identifier (22) is compared during initialization with already stored transmitter identifiers and is stored as an authorized transmitter identifier in a receive memory (18) if it is not already is saved.
2. Zentralverriegelungsanlage nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a ß von der Empfängersteuerschaltung (17) ein Quittierungssignal an ein Anzeigeelement (19) ausgegeben wird, wenn die vom Sender (2) übertragene Senderkennung (22) noch nicht im Empfangsspei- eher (18) gespeichert ist. 2. Central locking system according to claim 1, characterized in that ß from the receiver control circuit (17) outputs an acknowledgment signal to a display element (19) when the transmitter identifier (22) transmitted by the transmitter (2) has not yet been stored in the receiver memory (18) is.
3. Zentralverriegelungsanlage nach Anspruch 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a ß sich die Senderkennuπg (22) in mindestens zwei Bit von der Sen¬ derkennung eines anderen Senders (2) unterscheidet.3. Central locking system according to claim 2, that also means that the transmitter identifier (22) differs in at least two bits from the transmitter identifier of another transmitter (2).
4. Zentralverriegelungsanlage nach Anspruch 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a ß vom Sender (2) Prüfbits im Signal (3) übertragen werden, anhand derer der Empfänger (4) erkennen kann, ob ein Ubertragungsfehler vorliegt.4. Central locking system according to claim 2, which also transmits test bits in the signal (3) by means of which the receiver (4) can recognize whether there is a transmission error.
5. Zentralverriegelungsanlage nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a ß der Sender (2) eine Sendersteuerschaltung (11) enthält, in der bei einer Initialisierung ein Urcodewort mit Hilfe von min¬ destens einem Zufallswort erzeugt wird, wobei das Zufallswort in dem Zufallsgenerator (10) bei Betätigung eines Senderbedien¬ elements (6) entstanden ist.5. Central locking system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the transmitter (2) contains a transmitter control circuit (11) in which an initial code word is generated with the aid of at least one random word during initialization, the random word in the random generator ( 10) has arisen when a transmitter control element (6) is actuated.
6. Zentralverriegelungsanlage nach Anspruch 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a ß durch die Sendersteuerschaltung (11) bei der Initialisierung ein vorgegebenes Bildungsgesetz mit Hilfe des Urcodeworts geän¬ dert wird, wobei das Urcodewort Anfangsbedingungen für einen Wechselcode bestimmt und das Bildungsgesetz eine Reihe für die Codeworte eines Wortvorrats festlegt.6. Central locking system according to claim 5, characterized in that ß is changed by the transmitter control circuit (11) during the initialization, a predetermined formation law with the help of the original code word, the original code word determining initial conditions for an alternating code and the formation law a series for the code words of a word supply specifies.
7. Zentralverriegelungsanlage nach Anspruch 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a ß der Sender (2) einen Taktgeber (7) enthält, durch den mittels eines Anzeigeelements (9) ein Takt vorgegeben wird zum Betäti¬ gen eines Senderbedienelements (6) während der Initialisierung.7. Central locking system according to claim 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n e e c h n e t, d a ß the transmitter (2) contains a clock (7) by means of which a clock is specified by means of a display element (9) for actuating a transmitter control element (6) during initialization.
8. Zentralverriegelungsanlage nach Anspruch 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a ß die bei der Initialisierung übertragenen Signale (3) mit redu¬ zierter Sendeleistung gesendet werden. 8. Central locking system according to claim 7, characterized in that the signals transmitted during initialization (3) are transmitted with a reduced transmission power.
9. Zentralverriegelungsanlage nach Anspruch 8, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a ß im Empfänger (4) ein Steuerimpuls (20) erzeugt wird, wenn das empfangene Codewort innerhalb einer Anzahl von Codeworteπ eines Wortvorrats (Fangbereich) liegt, die der Reihe nach auf ein Startwort folgen.9. central locking system according to claim 8, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a ß a control pulse (20) is generated in the receiver (4) when the received code word is within a number of code words π a word stock (catch range), which in turn follow a start word.
10. Zentralverriegelungsanlage nach Anspruch 9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß im Empfänger (4) ein Steuerimpuls (20) erzeugt wird, wenn das empfangene Codewort außerhalb des Fangbereichs, aber innerhalb einer größeren Anzahl von Codeworten (Nachsynchronisationsbe¬ reich) liegt, die der Reihe nach auf das Startwort folgen, und mindestens ein nachfolgend empfangenes Codewort in dem Wortvor- rat der Reihe nach der direkte Nachfolger ist. 10. Central locking system according to claim 9, characterized in that in the receiver (4) a control pulse (20) is generated when the code word received is outside the capture range, but within a larger number of code words (post-synchronization range), which in turn the start word follow, and at least one subsequently received code word in the word set is the direct successor in turn.
EP91907011A 1990-04-06 1991-04-05 Central locking installation for a motor vehicle Expired - Lifetime EP0523117B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP90106583 1990-04-06
EP90106583 1990-04-06
PCT/EP1991/000652 WO1991015644A1 (en) 1990-04-06 1991-04-05 Central locking installation for a motor vehicle

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EP0523117A1 true EP0523117A1 (en) 1993-01-20
EP0523117B1 EP0523117B1 (en) 1994-08-24

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EP (1) EP0523117B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3145112B2 (en)
AU (1) AU7661091A (en)
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WO (1) WO1991015644A1 (en)

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DE59102653D1 (en) 1994-09-29
WO1991015644A1 (en) 1991-10-17
AU7661091A (en) 1991-10-30
JPH05505916A (en) 1993-08-26
JP3145112B2 (en) 2001-03-12
US5508692A (en) 1996-04-16
EP0523117B1 (en) 1994-08-24

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