EP0506218A2 - Method and apparatus for making plastic articles having a decorative coating - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for making plastic articles having a decorative coating Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0506218A2
EP0506218A2 EP92250069A EP92250069A EP0506218A2 EP 0506218 A2 EP0506218 A2 EP 0506218A2 EP 92250069 A EP92250069 A EP 92250069A EP 92250069 A EP92250069 A EP 92250069A EP 0506218 A2 EP0506218 A2 EP 0506218A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injection molding
molding machine
machine according
injection
decorative material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92250069A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0506218B1 (en
EP0506218A3 (en
Inventor
Gunther Fischbach
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DEMAG-ERGOTECH GMBH
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Mannesmann AG
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Publication of EP0506218A3 publication Critical patent/EP0506218A3/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14065—Positioning or centering articles in the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26—Moulds
    • B29C45/27—Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B29C45/28—Closure devices therefor
    • B29C45/2806—Closure devices therefor consisting of needle valve systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/46—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould
    • B29C45/56—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould using mould parts movable during or after injection, e.g. injection-compression moulding
    • B29C45/561—Injection-compression moulding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a device according to the preamble of patent claim 7.
  • the decorative coating of the surface of plastic parts with textiles, leather, foils or the like is usually carried out by means of lamination.
  • the composite of the materials can also be produced in one operation by back injection.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of demonstrating a method and a device for producing coated plastic molded parts, in which, with simple means, textile, leather or film-coated plastic molded parts can be changed with minimal effort when the process data are changed .
  • the decorative material coated from textile, leather or foils is securely positioned in the cavity, which can be filled with molding compound via a plurality of lockable hot runner nozzles.
  • the closures of the hot runner nozzles are dependent on the position of the screw actuated during the injection process.
  • the control of the heating duct nozzles is integrated in the control of the injection molding machine.
  • the filling process is not changed in the path-dependent control as a function of the change in the speed profile of the screw.
  • the circuit diagram of the hot runner nozzles is coupled with fixed volumetric filling states of the tool. This makes it easier to set up production processes and sample tools, operation is simplified and sources of error are avoided. In particular, there is no iterative retuning of all timers.
  • the mold is not completely closed during the injection process and the injection molding process is used.
  • the injection molding process is modified taking into account the elasticity of the insert materials.
  • a further adjustment to the material properties of the decorative material and the mold is achieved by pre-stamping.
  • the pre-stamping process makes it possible to adapt the inserted decorative material to the contour of the tool at a freely selectable speed. As a result, the embossing speed can be set completely with the goal of minimal internal pressures.
  • the injection stamping process is further improved by simultaneous stamping.
  • the speed of the screw is reduced and the embossing movement is activated.
  • the build-up of pressure and the advance of the melting front in the tool is now generated proportionately by the worm and the clamping unit.
  • the continuous flow of the melt front avoids markings on the molded parts.
  • the usual pressure drop and standstill of the flow front in the tool does not occur.
  • the filling time as the sum of the injection time and the embossing time is minimized with a uniformly low pressure in the tool.
  • the injection molding machine according to the invention allows the production of decor-coated plastic molded parts with the greatest accuracy and with a high degree of mechanization. Inserting the decor and ejecting the finished molded parts is automated. In order to avoid ejector markings on the top of the decor, the ejector device and the melt connection to the cavity are arranged on the same side, namely on the fixed tool part, in the back-injection technology used here.
  • the cut decorative material is advantageously fed via a transport device equipped with needle grippers and transferred to the gripper device integrated in the tool. Gripping the gripper consists of two independent movements on the one hand from a rotation of the gripper arm by 180 degrees or a movement of the gripper arm already directed towards it perpendicular to the tool movement direction.
  • the decorative material is fixed by the further axial movement of the gripper arm in the direction of the gripping tool half.
  • a spring-loaded pin presses out of the mold half against the decorative material.
  • a pneumatic holding device takes the place of the mechanical one.
  • a single hot runner nozzle is predominantly opened when a cascade control for the closure elements of the hot runner nozzles is used for the period of the filling process.
  • the control unit responds immediately, for example stopping the injection process, with a simultaneous error message on the operator terminal and reject selection, the hot runner needle position must be monitored. This is done using limit switches for the front and rear end positions of the hot runner needle.
  • Elements are provided on the injection molding machine according to the invention which permit a special design of the decorative edges.
  • injection molding technology it is often necessary to allow decorative material to protrude beyond the end of the plastic carrier.
  • the aim of this measure is to make a fold with the protruding decor in order to create an optical finish with decorative material at the edge of the molded part. Due to a construction with missing tool edges, there is the possibility of a decorative strip over the Let the molding cavity stand out, whereby the missing tool edges prevent back injection by pressing the decor onto the second tool half in this tool area. This method can also be used for plunge edge tools.
  • FIG. 1 shows an injection molding machine 10 with an injection molding screw 11, which can inject molding compound 70 into a cavity 14 via hot runners 15 and 16.
  • the cavity 14 is arranged in a mold closing device, which consists of a fixed tool part 12 and a movable tool part 13.
  • the for Cavity-leading hot runners 15, 16 can be closed by heating channel closures 21, 22, which can be controlled via star elements 33.
  • a transport device 40 In the area of the mold closing device, a transport device 40 is provided which has a needle gripper 41 which receives the decorative material 50 and which introduces the decorative material 50 into the open cavity in which the decorative material 50 can be fixed by holding elements 42.
  • the injection molding machine 10 is equipped with measuring and control units 30.
  • a displacement transducer 32 is provided on the injection molding machine 10 and is connected to an evaluation device 31 for measurement and control purposes.
  • the evaluation device 31 is u. a. connected to the control elements 33 of the hot runner closures 21, 22.
  • FIG. 2 shows an injection nozzle 20 with a heating channel closure 21, which is designed as a needle 23.
  • the needle 23 arranged in the fixed tool part 12 controls the material flow of the molding compound 70 in the hot runner 15.
  • the needle 23 has position monitoring elements 34. in the present case, cams 24 are provided which cooperate with limit switches 35.
  • the needle 23 is moved via a hydraulic control unit.
  • FIG. 3 shows a section of the movable tool part 13, in which a holding element 42 and a pressure pin 45 are provided.
  • the pressure pin 45 is guided in depressions 17 and can be pressed out of the mouth of the depression 17 by springs 46.
  • the forehead of the pressure pin 45 lies against the top 51 of the decorative material 50.
  • the underside 52 is gripped by a gripping hand 43 of the holding element 42 and is guided to a piston-cylinder unit 44 in the direction of the movable tool part 13.
  • the holding element 42 is rotatable about the longitudinal axis II, so that the gripping hand 43 can be pivoted back and forth from the decorative material 50.
  • FIG. 4 shows a section of the stationary tool part 12 and the movable tool part 13.
  • a groove 18 is provided in the tool part 13, in which a pressure bar 61 of an edge processing device 60 is provided.
  • the pressure bar 61 is guided out of the side surface of the tool part 13 by pressure springs 62, the end surface leaning against the decorative material 50.
  • the side surface of the fixed tool part 12 is stepped.
  • the intermediate stage 19 pointing in the direction of the movable tool part 13 has a step height a and a step width c.
  • the step height a of the intermediate step 19 is smaller than the cavity depth b, by the order of magnitude of the material thickness of the decorative material 50.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing plastic moulded articles, having a decorative coating, by injection moulding in an injection moulding machine having an injection screw which injects the plastic into the cavity disposed in a mould closing device, and to an apparatus for carrying out the method.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren gemäß Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 und eine Vorrichtung gemäß Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 7.The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a device according to the preamble of patent claim 7.

Die Dekorbeschichtung der Oberfläche von Kunststoffteilen mit Textilien, Leder, Folien oder dergleichen wird üblicherweise mittels Kaschieren durchgeführt. Als Alternative zu diesem relativ arbeitsintensiven Verfahren kann man den Verbund der Werkstoffe auch in einem Arbeitsgang durch Hinterspritzen herstellen.The decorative coating of the surface of plastic parts with textiles, leather, foils or the like is usually carried out by means of lamination. As an alternative to this relatively labor-intensive process, the composite of the materials can also be produced in one operation by back injection.

Aus Kunststoffe 80 (1990) 9, Seite 997 ff "Hinterspritzen von Dekormaterialien durch Niederdruckspritzgießen" ist es bekannt. Kunststoff und Dekormaterial durch Spritzgießien direkt miteinander zu verbinden, wobei die mehrere Millimeter dicken Dekormaterialien mit einem Thermoplast hinterspritzt werden. Aus dieser Schrift sind zwar Vorprüfverfahren für das Hinterspritzen bekannt. Maßnahmen zum Minimieren des Druckes zum Verhindern von Einfallstellen an Rippen und Wanddickenveränderungen sind nicht zu entnehmen.It is known from Kunststoffe 80 (1990) 9, page 997 ff "back injection of decorative materials by low pressure injection molding". To connect plastic and decorative material directly to one another by injection molding, whereby the several millimeter thick decorative materials are back-injected with a thermoplastic. Preliminary test methods for back injection are known from this document. Measures to minimize the pressure to prevent sink marks on ribs and changes in wall thickness are not to be found.

Bei der Fachtagung am 15. und 16.11.1990 des Süddeutschen Kunststoffzentrums wird beim Dekorieren von Formteilen auf den Einsatz von Spritzprägeeinrichtungen oder atmenden Werkzeugen hingewiesen. Aus dieser Schrift ist auch die Verwendung eines gesteuerten Heißkanals bei langen Fließwegen und somit die Anwendung einer Kaskadentechnik bekannt. Zwar wird eine feinfühlige Regelung der spritzrelevanten Daten mit der Möglichkeit einer graphischen Darstellung erwähnt und dabei auf den Spritzdruck hingewiesen. Als Meßgröße den Verfahrweg der Schnecke zur Kaskadensteuerung zu nutzen, ist dieser Schrift nicht zu entnehmen.At the symposium on November 15 and 16, 1990 of the South German Plastic Center, when decorating molded parts, the use of injection embossing devices or breathing tools was pointed out. This document also describes the use of a controlled hot runner with long flow paths and thus the use of a cascade technique is known. A sensitive regulation of the spray-relevant data with the possibility of a graphical representation is mentioned and the spray pressure is pointed out. This document does not show how to use the traverse path of the screw for cascade control as a measured variable.

Aus der Schrift DE-OS 39 27 995 ist es bei einem Verfahren zum Steuern des Nachdruckes beim Spritzgießen thermoplastischer Kunststoffe bekannt, durch Verschlüsse absperrbare Düsenkanäle, über die in den Hohlraum des Formwerkzeuges eingespritzt wird, neben Drucksignalen das Wegmeßsignal von der Einspritzschnecke zu erfassen (Spalte 4, Zeilen 9-17). Dieses Verfahren, bei dem die Abhängigkeit eines oder mehrerer gemessener Formteil-Sollparameter in Relation gesetzt werden, von mehreren Prozeß-Parametern aus mindestens einem Lernzyklus zur Zugrundelegung der Werkzeug-Kunststoffpaarung ist aufwendig und kostenintensiv.From the document DE-OS 39 27 995 it is known in a method for controlling the holding pressure in the injection molding of thermoplastic plastics to detect nozzle channels which can be shut off by means of closures and via which injection is carried out into the cavity of the mold, in addition to pressure signals to detect the displacement measurement signal from the injection screw (column 4, lines 9-17). This method, in which the dependency of one or more measured molded part target parameters is related to several process parameters from at least one learning cycle for the basis of the tool-plastic pairing, is complex and cost-intensive.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung beschichteter Kunststoff-Formteile aufzuzeigen, bei dem bzw. bei der mit einfachen Mitteln textil-, leder- oder folienbeschichtete Kunststoff-Formteile bei Änderung der Prozeßdaten mit minimalem Aufwand verändert werden können.The invention is therefore based on the object of demonstrating a method and a device for producing coated plastic molded parts, in which, with simple means, textile, leather or film-coated plastic molded parts can be changed with minimal effort when the process data are changed .

Die Erfindung löst die Rufgabe durch die nebengeordneten Ansprüche 1 und 7, die Unteransprüche enthalten vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen.The invention solves the call by the independent claims 1 and 7, the sub-claims contain advantageous developments.

Erfindungsgemäß wird das aus Textil-, Leder- oder Folien beschichtete Dekormaterial in der Kavität sicher positioniert, die über mehrere absperrbare Heißkanaldüsen mit Formmasse füllbar ist. Die Verschlüsse der Heißkanaldüsen werden in Abhängigkeit der Position der Schnecke während des Einspritzvorganges betätigt. Dabei ist die Steuerung der Heizkanaldüsen in die Steuerung der Spritzgießmaschine integriert.According to the invention, the decorative material coated from textile, leather or foils is securely positioned in the cavity, which can be filled with molding compound via a plurality of lockable hot runner nozzles. The closures of the hot runner nozzles are dependent on the position of the screw actuated during the injection process. The control of the heating duct nozzles is integrated in the control of the injection molding machine.

Im Gegensatz zu der sonst üblichen zeitabhängigen Steuerung der Betätigung der Verschlußdüsen wird bei der wegabhängigen Steuerung in Abhängigkeit der Änderung des Geschwindigkeitsprofils der Schnecke der Füllvorgang nicht verändert. Das Schaltschema der Heißkanaldüsen ist mit festen volumetrischen Füllzuständen des Werkzeuges gekoppelt. Dadurch wird das Einrichten von Produktionsvorgängen und die Bemusterung der Werkzeuge günstiger, die Bedienung wird vereinfacht und Fehlerquellen werden vermieden. Es entfällt insbesondere die iterative Neuabstimmung aller Zeitglieder.In contrast to the otherwise usual time-dependent control of the actuation of the closure nozzles, the filling process is not changed in the path-dependent control as a function of the change in the speed profile of the screw. The circuit diagram of the hot runner nozzles is coupled with fixed volumetric filling states of the tool. This makes it easier to set up production processes and sample tools, operation is simplified and sources of error are avoided. In particular, there is no iterative retuning of all timers.

Zur Erreichung minimaler Forminnendrücke wird die Form während des Einspritzvorganges nicht vollständig geschlossen und es wird das Spritzprägeverfahren angewandt. Für Formteile, die mit textilen- oder folienartigem Dekor beschichtet werden, wird das Spritzprägeverfahren modifiziert unter Berücksichtigung der Dehnfähigkeit der Einlegematerialien. Eine weitere Anpassung an die Stoffeigenschaften des Dekormaterials und der Werkzeugform wird durch ein vorgeschaltetes Vorprägen erreicht. Der Vorprägevorgang ermöglicht es, das eingelegte Dekormaterial mit einer frei wählbaren Geschwindigkeit der Kontur des Werkzeuges anzupassen. Dadurch kann die Prägegeschwindigkeit vollständig mit dem Ziel minimaler Innendrücke eingestellt werden.To achieve minimal internal mold pressures, the mold is not completely closed during the injection process and the injection molding process is used. For molded parts that are coated with textile or foil-like decor, the injection molding process is modified taking into account the elasticity of the insert materials. A further adjustment to the material properties of the decorative material and the mold is achieved by pre-stamping. The pre-stamping process makes it possible to adapt the inserted decorative material to the contour of the tool at a freely selectable speed. As a result, the embossing speed can be set completely with the goal of minimal internal pressures.

Durch die wegabhängige Steuerung der Heißkanalverschlüsse wird ein äußerst exaktes und reproduzierbares Verstellen der Verschlußelemente erreicht. Der Forminnendruck wird hierdurch gering und dabei auf gleichmäßigem Niveau gehalten. Dies erlaubt die Verarbeitung auch empfindlicher Dekormaterialien und Erreichung hoher Qualitätsmerkmale.Due to the path-dependent control of the hot runner closures, extremely precise and reproducible adjustment of the closure elements is achieved. As a result, the mold pressure is kept low and at a constant level. This allows the processing of sensitive decorative materials and the achievement of high quality features.

Das Spritzprägeverfahren wird noch weiter verbessert durch ein Simultanprägen. Hierbei wird vor Ende der Einspritzbewegung die Geschwindigkeit der Schnecke reduziert und die Prägebewegung aktiviert. Der Druckaufbau und der Vortrieb der Schmelzfront im Werkzeug wird nun anteilig von der Schnecke und der Schließeinheit erzeugt. Durch das kontinuierliche Fließen der Schmelzfront werden Markierungen an den Formteilen vermieden. Der sonst übliche Druckeinbruch und der Stillstand der Fließfront im Werkzeug tritt nicht auf. Die Füllzeit als Summe aus Spritzzeit und Prägezeit wird bei gleichmäßig niedrigem Druck im Werkzeug minimiert.The injection stamping process is further improved by simultaneous stamping. Before the end of the injection movement, the speed of the screw is reduced and the embossing movement is activated. The build-up of pressure and the advance of the melting front in the tool is now generated proportionately by the worm and the clamping unit. The continuous flow of the melt front avoids markings on the molded parts. The usual pressure drop and standstill of the flow front in the tool does not occur. The filling time as the sum of the injection time and the embossing time is minimized with a uniformly low pressure in the tool.

Weiterhin wird vorgeschlagen, daß bei dem Verfahren einzelne oder alle Heißkanaldüsen zu Beginn des Nachdrucks geöffnet werden. Dadurch wird vermieden, daß nur die am Ende des Füllschemas geöffneten Düsen zur Einleitung von Nachdruck aktiviert werden.Furthermore, it is proposed that in the process individual or all hot runner nozzles are opened at the beginning of the reprint. This avoids the fact that only the nozzles opened at the end of the filling scheme are activated for the introduction of holding pressure.

Die erfindungsgemäße Spritzgießmaschine erlaubt die Herstellung dekorbeschichteter Kunststoff-Formteile mit größter Genauigkeit und bei einem hohen Mechanisierungsgrad. Einlegen des Dekors und Ausstoßen der fertigen Formteile ist dabei automatisiert. Zur Vermeidung von Auswerfermarkierungen auf der Dekoroberseite wird bei der hier angewandten Hinterspritztechnik die Auswerfereinrichtung und die Schmelzenanbindung an die Kavität auf der gleichen Seite, nämlich an dem feststehenden Werkzeugteil angeordnet.The injection molding machine according to the invention allows the production of decor-coated plastic molded parts with the greatest accuracy and with a high degree of mechanization. Inserting the decor and ejecting the finished molded parts is automated. In order to avoid ejector markings on the top of the decor, the ejector device and the melt connection to the cavity are arranged on the same side, namely on the fixed tool part, in the back-injection technology used here.

In vorteilhafter Weise wird das zugeschnittene Dekormaterial über eine mit Nadelgreifern ausgestattete Transporteinrichtung zugeführt und der in das Werkzeug integrierten Greifereinrichtung übergeben. Das aus zwei unabhängigen Bewegungen zusammengesetzte Zufassen des Greifers besteht zum einen aus einer Drehung des Greiferarmes um 180 Grad oder einer Verfahrbewegung des bereits nach ihm gerichteten Greiferarmes senkrecht zur Werkzeugbewegungsrichtung. Durch die weitere axiale Bewegung des Greiferarmes in Richtung der greifenden Werkzeughälfte wird das Dekormaterial fixiert. Zudem drückt aus der Werkzeughälfte heraus ein federbelasteter Bolzen gegen das Dekormaterial.The cut decorative material is advantageously fed via a transport device equipped with needle grippers and transferred to the gripper device integrated in the tool. Gripping the gripper consists of two independent movements on the one hand from a rotation of the gripper arm by 180 degrees or a movement of the gripper arm already directed towards it perpendicular to the tool movement direction. The decorative material is fixed by the further axial movement of the gripper arm in the direction of the gripping tool half. In addition, a spring-loaded pin presses out of the mold half against the decorative material.

In einer anderen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung tritt an die Stelle der mechanischen eine pneumatische Haltevorrichtung.In another embodiment of the invention, a pneumatic holding device takes the place of the mechanical one.

Beim Hinterspritzen von Dekormaterial, insbesondere Textilien, wird bei Verwendung einer Kaskadensteuerung für die Verschlußelemente der Heißkanaldüsen für den Zeitraum des Füllvorgangs überwiegend eine einzelne Heißkanaldüse geöffnet. Um sicherzustellen, daß bei Fehlern am Heißkanal eine unmittelbare Reaktion der Steuerung, beispielsweise Stoppen des Einspritzvorganges, mit gleichzeitiger Fehlermeldung am Bedienerterminal und Ausschußselektierung erfolgt, ist die Überwachung der Heißkanalnadelposition erforderlich. Dies geschieht über Endlagenschalter für die vordere und die hintere Endlage der Heißkanalnadel.When injecting decorative material, in particular textiles, a single hot runner nozzle is predominantly opened when a cascade control for the closure elements of the hot runner nozzles is used for the period of the filling process. In order to ensure that in the event of faults on the hot runner, the control unit responds immediately, for example stopping the injection process, with a simultaneous error message on the operator terminal and reject selection, the hot runner needle position must be monitored. This is done using limit switches for the front and rear end positions of the hot runner needle.

An der erfindungsgemäßen Spritzgießmaschine sind Elemente vorgesehen, die eine besondere Gestaltung der Dekorkanten zulassen. Bei der Hinterspritztechnik ist es oftmals erforderlich, über das Ende des Kunststoffträgers hinaus Dekormaterial überstehen zu lassen. Ziel dieser Maßnahme ist es, mit dem überstehenden Dekor einen Umbug durchzuführen, um am Rand des Formteils einen optischen Abschluß mit Dekormaterial zu erzeugen. Durch eine Konstruktion mit fehlenden Werkzeugkanten besteht die Möglichkeit, einen Dekorstreifen über den Formteilhohlraum hinaus stehen zu lassen, wobei die fehlenden Werkzeugkanten durch das Andrücken des Dekors an die zweite Werkzeughälfte in diesem Werkzeugbereich ein Hinterspritzen unterbinden. Dieses Verfahren ist ebenso für Tauchkantenwerkzeug anwendbar.Elements are provided on the injection molding machine according to the invention which permit a special design of the decorative edges. With injection molding technology, it is often necessary to allow decorative material to protrude beyond the end of the plastic carrier. The aim of this measure is to make a fold with the protruding decor in order to create an optical finish with decorative material at the edge of the molded part. Due to a construction with missing tool edges, there is the possibility of a decorative strip over the Let the molding cavity stand out, whereby the missing tool edges prevent back injection by pressing the decor onto the second tool half in this tool area. This method can also be used for plunge edge tools.

Für die vorgeschlagene Spritzgießmaschine ist eine Ausrüstung zur graphischen Darstellung der ermittelten Meßdaten vorgesehen. Die Kontrolle von Prägeweg, Werkzeuginnendruck und Schneckenweg durch eine graphische Aufzeichnung ermöglicht es, die Präge- und Schneckenvorlaufgeschwindigkeit mit dem Ziel minimaler Werkzeuginnendrücke optisch wahrzunehmen und individuell abzustimmen.For the proposed injection molding machine, equipment is provided for the graphic representation of the measured data determined. The control of the embossing path, mold cavity pressure and screw path by means of a graphic recording makes it possible to visually perceive and individually adjust the embossing and screw advance speed with the aim of minimal mold cavity pressures.

Ein Beispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und nachfolgend beschrieben. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine übersicht der Spritzgießmaschine,
Fig. 2
den Verschluß einer Heißkanaldüse,
Fig. 3
eine Haltevorrichtung für das Dekormaterial und
Fig. 4
eine Kantenformeinrichtung.
An example of the invention is shown in the drawing and described below. It shows:
Fig. 1
an overview of the injection molding machine,
Fig. 2
the closure of a hot runner nozzle,
Fig. 3
a holding device for the decorative material and
Fig. 4
an edge former.

Die Figur 1 zeigt eine Spritzgießmaschine 10 mit einer Spritzgießschnecke 11, die Formmasse 70 über Heißkanäle 15 und 16 in eine Kavität 14 einspritzen kann. Die Kavität 14 ist in einer Formschließeinrichtung angeordnet, die aus einem feststehenden Werkzeugteil 12 und einem bewegbaren Werkzeugteil 13 besteht. Die zur Kavität führenden Heißkanäle 15, 16 sind durch Heizkanalverschlüsse 21, 22 verschließbar, die über Sternerelemente 33 ansteuerbar sind.FIG. 1 shows an injection molding machine 10 with an injection molding screw 11, which can inject molding compound 70 into a cavity 14 via hot runners 15 and 16. The cavity 14 is arranged in a mold closing device, which consists of a fixed tool part 12 and a movable tool part 13. The for Cavity-leading hot runners 15, 16 can be closed by heating channel closures 21, 22, which can be controlled via star elements 33.

Im Bereich der Formschließeinrichtung ist eine Transporteinrichtung 40 vorgesehen, die einen das Dekormaterial 50 aufnehmenden Nadelgreifer 41 aufweist, der das Dekormaterial 50 in die geöffnete Kavität einbringt, in der das Dekormaterial 50 von Halteelementen 42 fixierbar ist.In the area of the mold closing device, a transport device 40 is provided which has a needle gripper 41 which receives the decorative material 50 and which introduces the decorative material 50 into the open cavity in which the decorative material 50 can be fixed by holding elements 42.

Die Spritzgießmaschine 10 ist mit Meß- und Regelaggregaten 30 ausgerüstet. An der Spritzgießmaschine 10 ist ein Wegaufnehmer 32 vorgesehen, der meß- und regeltechnisch mit einer Auswerteeinrichtung 31 verbunden ist. Die Auswerteeinrichtung 31 ist u. a. mit den Steuerelementen 33 der Heißkanalverschlüsse 21, 22 verbunden.The injection molding machine 10 is equipped with measuring and control units 30. A displacement transducer 32 is provided on the injection molding machine 10 and is connected to an evaluation device 31 for measurement and control purposes. The evaluation device 31 is u. a. connected to the control elements 33 of the hot runner closures 21, 22.

Die Figur 2 zeigt eine Einspritzdüse 20 mit einem Heizkanalverschluß 21, der als Nadel 23 ausgebildet ist. Die in dem feststehenden Werkzeugteil 12 angeordnete Nadel 23 steuert den Materialfluß der Formmasse 70 im Heißkanal 15.FIG. 2 shows an injection nozzle 20 with a heating channel closure 21, which is designed as a needle 23. The needle 23 arranged in the fixed tool part 12 controls the material flow of the molding compound 70 in the hot runner 15.

Die Nadel 23 weist Lageüberwachungselemente 34 auf. wobei im vorliegenden Fall Nocken 24 vorgesehen sind, die mit Endlagenschaltern 35 zusammenarbeiten. Die Nadel 23 wird über ein hydraulisches Steueraggregat bewegt.The needle 23 has position monitoring elements 34. in the present case, cams 24 are provided which cooperate with limit switches 35. The needle 23 is moved via a hydraulic control unit.

Die Figur 3 zeigt einen Ausschnitt aus dem bewegbaren Werkzeugteil 13, in dem ein Halteelement 42 und ein Andruckbolzen 45 vorgesehen sind. Der Andruckbolzen 45 ist in Vertiefungen 17 geführt und durch Federn 46 aus der Mündung der Vertiefung 17 herausdrückbar. Die Stirn des Andruckbolzens 45 legt sich dabei gegen die Oberseite 51 des Dekormaterial 50.FIG. 3 shows a section of the movable tool part 13, in which a holding element 42 and a pressure pin 45 are provided. The pressure pin 45 is guided in depressions 17 and can be pressed out of the mouth of the depression 17 by springs 46. The forehead of the pressure pin 45 lies against the top 51 of the decorative material 50.

Die Unterseite 52 wird von einer Greifhand 43 des Halteelementes 42 ergriffen und wird zu einer Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit 44 in Richtung bewegbares Werkzeugteil 13 geführt.The underside 52 is gripped by a gripping hand 43 of the holding element 42 and is guided to a piston-cylinder unit 44 in the direction of the movable tool part 13.

Das Halteelement 42 ist dabei um die Längsachse II drehbar, so daß die Greifhand 43 vom Dekormaterial 50 hin- und weggeschwenkt werden kann.The holding element 42 is rotatable about the longitudinal axis II, so that the gripping hand 43 can be pivoted back and forth from the decorative material 50.

Die Figur 4 zeigt einen Ausschnitt aus dem feststehenden Werkzeugteil 12 und dem bewegbaren Werkzeugteil 13. Im Werkzeugteil 13 ist eine Rille 18 vorgesehen, in der ein Andruckbalken 61 einer Kantenbearbeitungseinrichtung 60 vorgesehen ist. Der Andruckbalken 61 wird durch Andruckfedern 62 aus der Seitenfläche des Werkzeugteils 13 herausgeführt, wobei die Stirnfläche sich gegen das Dekormaterial 50 lehnt.FIG. 4 shows a section of the stationary tool part 12 and the movable tool part 13. A groove 18 is provided in the tool part 13, in which a pressure bar 61 of an edge processing device 60 is provided. The pressure bar 61 is guided out of the side surface of the tool part 13 by pressure springs 62, the end surface leaning against the decorative material 50.

Die Seitenfläche des feststehenden Werkzeugteils 12 ist stufenförmig ausgebildet. Die in Richtung bewegbarem Werkzeugteil 13 weisende Zwischenstufe 19 bestitzt eine Stufenhöhe a und eine Stufenbreite c. Die Stufenhöhe a der Zwischenstufe 19 ist dabei kleiner als die Kavitätstiefe b, und zwar um die Größenordnung der Materialdicke des Dekormaterials 50. Im oberen Teil der Figur 4 ist die Situation in geöffneter Formschließvorrichtung dargestellt, im unteren Bereich ist die Form geschlossen und die Formmasse 70 ist in die Kavität eingespritzt worden.The side surface of the fixed tool part 12 is stepped. The intermediate stage 19 pointing in the direction of the movable tool part 13 has a step height a and a step width c. The step height a of the intermediate step 19 is smaller than the cavity depth b, by the order of magnitude of the material thickness of the decorative material 50. The situation in the upper part of FIG. 4 is shown in the open mold closing device, in the lower area the mold is closed and the molding compound 70 has been injected into the cavity.

Claims (20)

Verfahren zur Herstellung dekorbeschichteter Kunststoff-Formteile durch Spritzgießen auf einer Spritzgießmaschine mit einer Einspritzschnecke, die den Kunststoff in die in einer Formschließvorrichtung angeordneten Kavität einbringt, gekennzeichnet durch folgende Schritte: a) In die Kavität wird das Dekormaterial eingelegt und mit der Dekoroberseite zum beweglichen Werkzeugteil weisend gehalten, b) anschließend wird das bewegbare Werkzeugteil der Formschließeinrichtung in Schließrichtung bewegt, c) spätestens nach vollständigem Schließen der Formschließeinrichtung wird die Formmasse bei gleichzeitigem Messen des Schneckenverfahrweges über eine Düse in die Kavität eingespritzt, d) während des Einspritzens der Formmasse über eine Düse wird in Abhängigkeit des Schneckenverfahrweges mindestens eine weitere Düse zum Einspritzen der Formmasse geöffnet, e) nach Füllen der Kavität wird nach vorgebbarer Zeit das mit dem Dekormaterial verbundene Formteil ausgestoßen. Process for the production of decor-coated plastic molded parts by injection molding on an injection molding machine with an injection screw, which introduces the plastic into the cavity arranged in a mold closing device, characterized by the following steps: a) The decorative material is inserted into the cavity and held with the top of the decoration facing the movable tool part, b) the movable tool part of the mold closing device is then moved in the closing direction, c) at the latest after the mold closing device has been completely closed, the molding compound is injected into the cavity via a nozzle while simultaneously measuring the screw travel path, d) during the injection of the molding compound via a nozzle, at least one further nozzle for injecting the molding compound is opened, depending on the screw travel path, e) after filling the cavity, the molded part connected to the decorative material is ejected after a predetermined time. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Schließen der Form entsprechend dem Spritzprägeverfahren durchgeführt wird.Method according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the closing of the mold is carried out according to the injection molding process. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Einspritzdüsen untereinander kaskadenförmig in Reihe geöffnet und geschlossen werden.Method according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the injectors are opened and closed in cascade with each other in a row. Verfahren nach einem der o. g. Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Prägehub der Form simultan zu dem Vorlauf der Schnecke erfolgt.Method according to one of the above claims,
characterized,
that the stamping stroke of the mold takes place simultaneously with the advance of the screw. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß nach Füllen der Form mindestens eine Einspritzdüse in Abhängigkeit des Beginns der Nachdruckphase geöffnet wird.Method according to claim 1 or 3,
characterized,
that after filling the mold, at least one injection nozzle is opened depending on the start of the holding pressure phase. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß vor dem Einspritzen der Formmasse ein Vorprägevorgang zur Anpassung des eingelegten Dekormaterials an die Kontur des Werkzeugs erfolgt.Method according to claim 1,
characterized,
that before the injection of the molding compound, a pre-embossing process takes place to adapt the inserted decorative material to the contour of the tool. Spritzgießmaschine mit einer Einspritzschnecke, die über absperrbare Heißkanäle mit der Kavität einer aus einem feststehenden und einem bewegbaren Werkzeugteil bestehende Schließeinrichtung in Verbindung steht, einschließlich der Antriebsmaschinen sowie mit Meß- und Regelaggregaten zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der o. g. Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß an der Einspritzschnecke (11) ein Wegsignalaufnehmer (32) vorgesehen ist, der mit einer Auswerteeinheit (31) in Verbindung steht,
daß die Auswerteeinheit (31) mit Steuerelementen von Heißkanalverschlüssen (21, 22) verbunden ist,
daß eine Transporteinrichtung (40) zum Zuführen von Dekormaterial (50) in die Kavität (14) vorgesehen ist und
daß am bewegbaren Werkzeugteil (13) Halteelemente (42) zur Fixierung des Dekormaterials (50) angeordnet sind.Injection molding machine with an injection screw, which is connected via lockable hot runners to the cavity of a locking device consisting of a fixed and a movable tool part, including the drive machines and with measuring and control units for carrying out the method according to one of the above claims,
characterized,
that a displacement signal sensor (32) is provided on the injection screw (11) and is connected to an evaluation unit (31),
that the evaluation unit (31) is connected to control elements of hot runner closures (21, 22),
that a transport device (40) is provided for feeding decorative material (50) into the cavity (14) and
that holding elements (42) for fixing the decorative material (50) are arranged on the movable tool part (13). Spritzgießmaschine nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß an den Heißkanalverschlüssen (21, 22) Elemente (34) zur Lageüberwachung vorgesehen sind, die mit der Auswerteeinheit (31) meßtechnisch verbunden sind.Injection molding machine according to claim 7,
characterized,
that elements (34) for position monitoring are provided on the hot runner closures (21, 22) and are connected to the evaluation unit (31) by measurement. Spritzgießmaschine nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Heißkanalverschlüsse (21, 22) Nadeln (23) aufweisen, an denen Nocken (24) vorgesehen sind, durch die Endlagenschalter (35) betätigbar sind.Injection molding machine according to claim 8,
characterized,
that the hot runner closures (21, 22) have needles (23) on which cams (24) are provided, can be actuated by the limit switches (35). Spritzgießmaschine nach Anspruch 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Transporteinrichtung (40) einen Nadelgreifer (41) aufweist.Injection molding machine according to claim 9,
characterized,
that the transport device (40) has a needle gripper (41). Spritzgießmaschine nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Halteelemente (42) zur Fixierung des Dekormaterials (50) eine Greifhand (43) besitzen, mit der das Dekormaterial (50) an die Innenseite des bewegbaren Werkzeugteils (13) pressbar ist.Injection molding machine according to claim 7,
characterized,
that the holding elements (42) for fixing the decorative material (50) have a gripping hand (43) with which the decorative material (50) can be pressed against the inside of the movable tool part (13). Spritzgießmaschine nach Anspruch 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das mit der Greifhand (43) versehene Halteelement (42) achsparallel zur Mittenachse (I) der Spritzgießmaschine (10) bewegbar ist.Injection molding machine according to claim 11,
characterized,
that the holding element (42) provided with the gripping hand (43) can be moved axially parallel to the central axis (I) of the injection molding machine (10). Spritzgießmaschine nach Anspruch 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das achsparallel zur Mittenachse (I) bewegbare, die Greifhand (31) besitzende Halteelement (42) um seine Achse drehbar ist.Injection molding machine according to claim 12,
characterized,
that the holding element (42) movable axially parallel to the central axis (I) and possessing the gripping hand (31) is rotatable about its axis. Spritzgießmaschine nach Anspruch 12 oder 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß am Fußende des Halteelementes (42) steuerbare Kolben-Zylinder-Einheiten (44) vorgesehen sind.Injection molding machine according to claim 12 or 13,
characterized,
that controllable piston-cylinder units (44) are provided at the foot end of the holding element (42). Spritzgießmaschine nach Anspruch 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zur Kavität (14) zwischen der Wandung des bewegbaren Werkzeugteils (13) Vertiefungen (17) vorgesehen sind, in denen der Andruckkraft der Greifhände (43) entgegengerichtet durch Federn federnd (46) belastete Andruckbolzen (45) angeordnet sind.Injection molding machine according to claim 12,
characterized,
that to the cavity (14) between the wall of the movable tool part (13) recesses (17) are provided, in which the pressing force of the gripping hands (43) in the opposite direction by spring springs (46) loaded pressure bolts (45) are arranged. Spritzgießmaschine nach einem der o. g. Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß an dem feststehenden Werkzeugteil (12) am Rand der Kavität (14) eine Zwischenstufe (19) vorgesehen ist, die eine Stufenhöhe (a) entsprechend der Kavitätstiefe (b) minus der Dicke des Dekormaterials (50) aufweist.Injection molding machine according to one of the above claims,
characterized,
that an intermediate step (19) is provided on the fixed tool part (12) at the edge of the cavity (14) and has a step height (a) corresponding to the cavity depth (b) minus the thickness of the decorative material (50). Spritzgießmaschine nach Anspruch 16,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß an dem bewegbaren Werkzeugteil (13) der Stufenbreite (c) entsprechende, achsparallel zur Mittenachse (I) in Rillen (18) bewegbare Andruckbalken (61) vorgesehen sind.Injection molding machine according to claim 16,
characterized,
that pressure bars (61) are provided on the movable tool part (13) corresponding to the step width (c) and axially parallel to the central axis (I) in grooves (18). Spritzgießmaschine nach Anspruch 17,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Andruckbalken (61) Andruckfedern (62) aufweisen, die ein Andrücken der Kanten des Dekormaterials (50) gegen die Fläche des feststehenden Werkzeugteils (12) ermöglicht.Injection molding machine according to claim 17,
characterized,
that the pressure bars (61) have pressure springs (62) which allow pressing the edges of the decorative material (50) against the surface of the stationary tool part (12). Spritzgießmaschine nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Halteelemente (42) durch Unterdruck betätigbare Sauger sind.Injection molding machine according to claim 7,
characterized,
that the holding elements (42) can be actuated by vacuum. Spritzgießmaschine nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Auswerteeinheit (31) Elemente (36) zur graphischen Darstellung der ermittelten Meßdaten aufnimmt.Injection molding machine according to claim 7,
characterized,
that the evaluation unit (31) receives elements (36) for the graphical representation of the determined measurement data.
EP92250069A 1991-03-26 1992-03-24 Method and apparatus for making plastic articles having a decorative coating Expired - Lifetime EP0506218B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE4110445A DE4110445C2 (en) 1991-03-26 1991-03-26 Method and device for producing decor-coated plastic molded parts
DE4110445 1991-03-26

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EP0506218A3 EP0506218A3 (en) 1993-01-13
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EP0596588A1 (en) * 1992-11-04 1994-05-11 Kasai Kogyo Co., Ltd. Method and device for mold press forming
US5389315A (en) * 1992-11-04 1995-02-14 Kasai Kogyo Co., Ltd. Method and device for mold press forming
EP1240991A1 (en) * 2001-03-16 2002-09-18 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Method of manufacturing parts having a decorative layer and manufactured parts
US10362818B2 (en) 2007-07-16 2019-07-30 Madgrip Holdings, Llc Utility glove
US10420382B2 (en) 2007-07-16 2019-09-24 Madgrip Holdings, Llc Utility glove

Also Published As

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EP0506218B1 (en) 1996-01-31
DE4110445C2 (en) 1994-10-27
US5356576A (en) 1994-10-18
ATE133604T1 (en) 1996-02-15
EP0506218A3 (en) 1993-01-13
DE59205199D1 (en) 1996-03-14
DE4110445A1 (en) 1992-10-01

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