EP0505586A1 - Apparatus for drying wood - Google Patents

Apparatus for drying wood Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0505586A1
EP0505586A1 EP91104619A EP91104619A EP0505586A1 EP 0505586 A1 EP0505586 A1 EP 0505586A1 EP 91104619 A EP91104619 A EP 91104619A EP 91104619 A EP91104619 A EP 91104619A EP 0505586 A1 EP0505586 A1 EP 0505586A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drying
chamber
condenser
chamber wall
liquid
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Granted
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EP91104619A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0505586B1 (en
Inventor
Reinhard Dipl.-Ing. Brunner
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to EP91104619A priority Critical patent/EP0505586B1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DK91104619.1T priority patent/DK0505586T3/en
Priority to ES91104619T priority patent/ES2082027T3/en
Priority to DE59106827T priority patent/DE59106827D1/en
Priority to AT91104619T priority patent/ATE129803T1/en
Priority to DE9203725U priority patent/DE9203725U1/de
Priority to DE4208913A priority patent/DE4208913C2/en
Priority to CA002063768A priority patent/CA2063768C/en
Priority to US07/855,323 priority patent/US5228209A/en
Publication of EP0505586A1 publication Critical patent/EP0505586A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0505586B1 publication Critical patent/EP0505586B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B7/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes using a combination of processes not covered by a single one of groups F26B3/00 and F26B5/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2210/00—Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2210/16—Wood, e.g. lumber, timber

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for drying wood in a drying chamber, in which a flowable drying medium can be circulated in the drying chamber which can be closed off from the outside air by its chamber wall, heat energy is supplied to the drying medium and moisture is separated therefrom by means of a condenser, which separates the drying medium from the Wood.
  • the invention also relates to a device for performing such a method.
  • drying processes are usually carried out with different processes.
  • pressures that differ from the pressure of the outside air and temperatures that are higher than the outside temperature prevail in the drying chamber, at least during certain process sections.
  • Such processes can be carried out batchwise, i.e. with separate implementation of heating and dehumidifying periods, or as a continuous process or as a mixture thereof. Due to the fact that the boiling temperature of the water decreases with decreasing pressure, at least dehumidification normally takes place under reduced pressure, i.e. a so-called "vacuum drying" is carried out.
  • the implementation of the known methods is relatively expensive because high system costs have to be accepted and considerable costs for operating resources (energy use) also occur.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a method of the type in question which, in contrast, enables drying to be carried out more cheaply, regardless of whether a batch or continuous mode of operation or a mixed form is selected.
  • this object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned in the introduction in that part of the chamber wall of the drying chamber is used as a condenser.
  • the condensation process is carried out with the aid of part of the chamber wall, one takes over already existing component the additional function of the capacitor.
  • the elimination of the additional devices usually used for the condensation process results in a reduction in the installation costs.
  • the use of a part of the chamber wall provides a relatively large-area and therefore effective capacitor. In many cases, this makes it possible to carry out the method according to the invention without additional condenser cooling, because at least when the ambient temperatures are not excessively high, the outside air is sufficient as a coolant for the part of the chamber wall which serves as condensate.
  • the drying medium is circulated in a drying chamber which is separated from a condenser chamber within the drying chamber and which has the part of the chamber wall which serves as a condenser, and if branchable portions of the drying medium circulated in the drying chamber are fed into the condenser chamber, the drying can advantageously be carried out in a continuous process.
  • the drying can advantageously be carried out in a continuous process.
  • the simplest way is to maintain the most suitable climate in the drying room during the entire drying process.
  • the part of the chamber wall serving as a condenser can be cooled if it is necessary to increase the condenser output and / or if the process is carried out at high outside air temperatures.
  • a drying device provided according to the invention for carrying out the drying processes shown is characterized in that it has at least one drying chamber, the chamber wall of which closes off an inner drying chamber from the outside air, at least one circulating device for circulating a flowable drying medium in the drying room, at least one heating device for supplying thermal energy to the drying medium and has at least one condenser for separating liquid from the drying medium and that the condensate is at least partially formed by part of the chamber wall of the drying chamber.
  • a large part of the chamber wall is preferably provided with thermal insulation, and the part of the chamber wall forming the condenser is kept free of the thermal insulation.
  • the part of the chamber wall forming the condenser is kept free of the thermal insulation.
  • the drying chamber is divided by an inner partition into the drying space for receiving the wood to be dried and into a condenser space which is at least partially surrounded by the part of the chamber wall serving as a condensate, and in the partition If there is at least one opening for the passage of drying medium, the continuous drying process can be carried out with the least possible energy loss.
  • the presence of the partition wall means that the flow of the drying medium circulated in the drying chamber is separated from the part of the chamber wall serving as a condenser.
  • the condenser chamber is provided in the bottom region of the drying chamber, the condenser chamber with its chamber wall can simultaneously form the container for separated liquid.
  • a coolant channel can be provided on the outside of the part of the chamber wall serving as a condenser, through which a cooling medium, such as cooling air or cooling water, is guided.
  • the inside of the coolant channel can be delimited directly by the chamber wall and can be closed off from the outside by a jacket running parallel to the chamber wall or by the foundation of the drying chamber itself.
  • an additional capacitor can be provided, which can be of weak dimensions due to the already existing high-performance capacitor in the form of the chamber wall, which keeps its acquisition and operating costs low.
  • the single figure shows a schematically simplified cross section through the drying chamber of the device according to the invention.
  • a drying chamber designated as a whole by 1, in the form of an at least approximately circular-cylindrical, elongated metal cylinder has, on both end faces, not shown, round sealing covers, at least one of which forms a loading door for the introduction and removal of a stack of wood 3.
  • the wood stack 3 consists of sawn timber 4, which are arranged offset from one another with the aid of stacking strips (not shown) to form gaps.
  • the drying chamber 1 is mounted on a foundation 2 and has a large part of its circumference on the outside of its chamber wall 5, a thermal insulation 7, which, based on the cylinder axis, extends axially over the entire length of the drying chamber 1.
  • a part 9 of the chamber wall 5, which forms the bottom area of the drying chamber 1, is left free from the heat insulation 7.
  • the interior of the drying chamber 1 is through a flat partition wall 11 into a drying chamber 13 located above the partition wall 11 and a condenser chamber 15 underneath divided.
  • the partition 11 is sealed at its axially extending side edges abutting the chamber wall 5 with respect to the latter via sealing strips 17.
  • the top of the partition 11 forms the support surface for the wood stack 3 located in the drying room 13.
  • an intermediate ceiling 19 extending parallel to the upper side thereof is arranged above the wood stack 3.
  • a heating register 21 in the drying room with a plurality of axially extending heating coils arranged one above the other in a vertical row, the lowest of which is located within a trough 23.
  • the heating power of at least this lowest heating coil located in the tub 23 can be controlled independently of the heating power of the other heating coils.
  • Above the false ceiling 19 there are also fans in the drying chamber 13 for circulating the drying medium in the drying chamber 13, that is to say unsaturated steam (superheated steam) or a steam-air mixture.
  • the fans only one of which is indicated schematically and designated 25, produce a circulating flow running in the drying chamber 13.
  • the partition 11 has an opening 27 through which the drying space 13 can be connected to the condenser space 15.
  • the opening cross section of the opening 27 can be changed by means of a valve arrangement 29 which can be controlled from the outside of the drying chamber 1.
  • a suction pipe 31 leads from the outside into the condenser chamber 15, the mouth of which is located at a short distance below the partition 11.
  • the suction pipe 31 can be connected to a suction pump 33 via a valve 32.
  • an outlet pipe 35 opens into the condenser chamber 15.
  • Condensed liquid 39 which has accumulated in the floor area of the condenser chamber 15, can be discharged via the outlet pipe 35, a pump 36 connected to it and an outlet valve 37 connected to it.
  • a riser pipe 41 extends, which dips into the accumulated liquid 39 with its lower pipe mouth and opens with its upper end in the trough 23 on the heating register 21.
  • a pump 43 and a valve arrangement 45 which can be controlled from the outside of the drying chamber 1 are inserted into the riser pipe 41.
  • a blower 51 is connected with its pressure side to the cooling air duct 47 in order to generate a cooling air flow in the air duct 47 in the direction of an outflow pipe 53 connected thereto, the outflow cross section of which can be adjusted by means of a throttle valve 55.
  • cooling fins 57 can be attached to part 9 of the chamber wall 5 in the cooling air duct 47, of which only a single one is indicated in the figure, for example.
  • surface-enlarging ribs could be attached to the inside of part 9 of chamber wall 5.
  • another cooling medium such as cooling water, could be led through the channel 47.
  • a temperature sensor 59 for determining the core temperature of the wood stack 3 and a temperature sensor 61, a pressure sensor 62 and a sensor 63 for equilibrium moisture are drawn in the drying room 13.
  • a temperature sensor 65 at the bottom of the condensed liquid container 39 measures its temperature.
  • a temperature sensor 67 for determining the cooling air temperature is present in the cooling air duct 47.
  • 15 level sensors 70, 71 and 72 are provided in the capacitor chamber, which respond to the maximum level, the target value of the level or the minimum value of the level of the accumulated liquid 39.
  • the partition 11 forms the storage area for the wood stack 3 to be dried in the drying room 13.
  • the arrangement can be such that the existing loading areas of the wagons themselves form the partition 11 if care is taken that the side edges of the loading areas are sealed relative to the chamber wall 5 by a suitable design of the sealing strips 17.
  • the sealing strips can be, for example, air-filled, hose-like elements which inflate when the pressure is reduced during operation of the device and thereby form tight-fitting sealing beads.
  • the load-bearing capacity of the loading areas must be dimensioned sufficiently to withstand the forces due to pressure differences which arise in operation between the drying room 13 and the condenser room 15, provided that larger pressure differences are to be permitted.
  • a desired negative pressure in the condenser chamber 15 and, due to the presence of the flow opening 27, a negative pressure in the drying chamber 13 can be set via the valve 32 and the suction pipe 31, the pressure ratio between the latter two spaces being controlled by appropriate control of the valve arrangement 29 is adjustable at the opening 27.
  • the heating power of the heating register 21 the drying medium circulated in the drying room 13 by means of the fans 25 is brought to a desired temperature in order to heat the wood stack 3.
  • the desired drying climate in the drying room 13 is set depending on the selected pressure conditions.
  • the process sequence can be designed in such a way that by adjusting the opening size of the passage opening 27 by controlling the valve arrangement 29, the condensation process in the condenser chamber 15 leads to a liquid separation which corresponds to the desired dehumidification rate of the wood stack 3 in the drying chamber 13 corresponds.
  • the condenser output can be controlled by the cooling air duct in the air duct 47. When the device is operated in areas with not excessively high outside air temperatures, additional air cooling of the part 9 free of the heat insulation 7 can possibly be omitted the chamber wall 5.
  • the outer jacket 49 on the cooling air duct 47 would not be necessary for direct cooling by outside air.
  • the accumulated separated liquid 39 is discharged via the outlet pipe 35 by means of the pump 36 and the valve 37 in accordance with the sensors 70, 71 and 72 which determine the fill level.
  • liquid 39 separated from the condenser chamber 15 can be fed into the tub 23 via the riser pipe 41 by means of the pump 49 and the valve 45 and there through the immersing heating coil of the heating register 21 be evaporated.
  • the pump 43 is designed for reversing operation.
  • the switched-off heating register 21 can serve as a cooling register and thus as an additional condenser located in the drying chamber 13, the separated liquid being collected in the trough 23 and discharged into the condenser chamber 15 via the valve 45 and the pump 43 operating in reverse operation.
  • the drying chamber 1 can be made of reinforced concrete for cost reasons.
  • the condensate collected in the container can serve as damping against temperature fluctuations in the condenser chamber 15.
  • the water collected there can also be circulated in order to increase the heat transfer between the water and the part 9 of the chamber wall.
  • the partition 11 which can also be adjustable, a separation of the drying chamber 1 and the condenser chamber 15 is achieved, which ensures that the condenser used in the condenser chamber 15, which can also be a conventional type of condenser, is not used during continuous drying is blown by the circulating drying medium. In this way, energy losses are avoided, by air and / or the proportion of the steam which is only cooled but not condensed in the condenser, because this heat given off to the condenser has to be supplied continuously by the heating register during the circulation.

Abstract

A drying chamber 1 provided for receiving wood 3, 4 to be dried has on a large part of its chamber wall 5 thermal insulation 7. A part 9 of the chamber wall 5 is kept free of thermal insulation 7. This part 9 of the chamber wall 5 forms a condenser for separation of the liquid 39 which has been absorbed from the wood 3, 4 to be dried by a drying medium which can be circulated in the drying chamber 1. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Trocknen von Holz in einer Trockenkammer, bei dem ein strömungsfähiges Trocknungsmedium in der durch ihre Kammerwandung gegenüber der Außenluft abschließbaren Trockenkammer umwälzbar ist, Wärmeenergie zum Trocknungsmedium zugeführt und aus diesem mittels eines Kondensators Feuchtigkeit abgeschieden wird, die das Trocknungsmedium aus dem Holz aufgenommen hat. Außerdem betrifft die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zum Durchführen eines solchen Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for drying wood in a drying chamber, in which a flowable drying medium can be circulated in the drying chamber which can be closed off from the outside air by its chamber wall, heat energy is supplied to the drying medium and moisture is separated therefrom by means of a condenser, which separates the drying medium from the Wood. The invention also relates to a device for performing such a method.

Verfahren dieser Art sowie Vorrichtungen für die Durchführung derartiger Verfahren sind bereits bekannt, vgl. DE-OS 35 43 248. Je nach Erfordernissen und Gegebenheiten, beispielsweise entsprechend dem Zustand und der Eigenart des zu trocknenden Holzes, führt man üblicherweise Trocknungsverfahren mit unterschiedlichem Verfahrensablauf durch. In allen Fällen herrschen in der Trockenkammer zumindest während bestimmter Verfahrensabschnitte Drücke, die sich vom Druck der Außenluft unterscheiden, und Temperaturen, die höher liegen als die Außentemperatur. Derartige Verfahren können diskontinuierlich durchgeführt werden, d.h. mit gesonderter Durchführung von Heiz- und Entfeuchtungsperioden, oder als kontinuierliche Verfahren oder als Mischform hieraus. Aufgrund des Umstandes, daß die Siedetemperatur des Wassers sich bei sinkendem Druck verringert, erfolgt zumindest die Entfeuchtung normalerweise unter verringertem Druck, d.h. man führt eine sog. "Vakuumtrocknung" durch.Methods of this type and devices for carrying out such methods are already known, cf. DE-OS 35 43 248. Depending on the requirements and circumstances, for example the state and nature of the wood to be dried, drying processes are usually carried out with different processes. In all cases, pressures that differ from the pressure of the outside air and temperatures that are higher than the outside temperature prevail in the drying chamber, at least during certain process sections. Such processes can be carried out batchwise, i.e. with separate implementation of heating and dehumidifying periods, or as a continuous process or as a mixture thereof. Due to the fact that the boiling temperature of the water decreases with decreasing pressure, at least dehumidification normally takes place under reduced pressure, i.e. a so-called "vacuum drying" is carried out.

Die Durchführung der bekannten Verfahren ist verhältnismäßig teuer, weil hohe Anlagekosten in Kauf genommen werden müssen und auch beträchtliche Kosten für Betriebsmittel (Energieeinsatz) auftreten. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der in Betracht stehenden Art anzugeben, das eine demgegenüber kostengünstigere Trocknung ermöglicht, ungeachtet dessen, ob eine diskontinuierliche oder kontinuierliche Betriebsweise oder eine Mischform gewählt wird.The implementation of the known methods is relatively expensive because high system costs have to be accepted and considerable costs for operating resources (energy use) also occur. The invention is based on the object of specifying a method of the type in question which, in contrast, enables drying to be carried out more cheaply, regardless of whether a batch or continuous mode of operation or a mixed form is selected.

Erfindungsgemäß ist diese Aufgabe bei einem Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, daß ein Teil der Kammerwandung der Trockenkammer als Kondensator verwendet wird.According to the invention, this object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned in the introduction in that part of the chamber wall of the drying chamber is used as a condenser.

Da erfindungsgemäß der Kondensationsprozeß mit Hilfe eines Teils der Kammerwandung durchgeführt wird, übernimmt ein ohnehin vorhandener Bauteil die Zusatzfunktion des Kondensators. Durch den Wegfall der üblicherweise für den Kondensationsvorgang angewendeten zusätzlichen Einrichtungen ergibt sich zum einen eine Verringerung der Anlagekosten. Zum anderen stellt die Benutzung eines Teils der Kammerwandung einen verhältnismäßig graßflächigen und daher wirkungsvollen Kondensator zur Verfügung. Dies ermöglicht es, das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren in vielen Fällen ohne zusätzliche Kondensatorkühlung durchzuführen, weil zumindest bei nicht übermäßig hohen Umgebungstemperaturen die Außenluft als Kühlmittel für den als Kondensatar dienenden Teil der Kammerwandung ausreicht.Since, according to the invention, the condensation process is carried out with the aid of part of the chamber wall, one takes over already existing component the additional function of the capacitor. The elimination of the additional devices usually used for the condensation process results in a reduction in the installation costs. Secondly, the use of a part of the chamber wall provides a relatively large-area and therefore effective capacitor. In many cases, this makes it possible to carry out the method according to the invention without additional condenser cooling, because at least when the ambient temperatures are not excessively high, the outside air is sufficient as a coolant for the part of the chamber wall which serves as condensate.

Wenn gemäß einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel des Verfahrens das Trocknungsmedium in einem Trocknungsraum umgewälzt wird, der innerhalb der Trockenkammer von einem Kondensatorraum abgesondert ist, der den als Kondensator dienenden Teil der Kammerwandung aufweist, und wenn abzweigbare Teilmengen des im Trocknungsraum umgewälzten Trocknungsmediums in den Kondensatorraum zugeführt werden, kann die Trocknung in vorteilhafter Weise in kontinuierlichem Ablauf durchgeführt werden. Man kann in diesem Falle durch Steuerung der Größe der Teilmengen an Trockenmedium, die aus dem Trocknungsraum abgeführt und in den Kondensatorraum eingeführt werden, auf einfachste Weise erreichen, daß während des gesamten Trocknungsvorgangs in dem Trocknungsraum das bestgeeignete Klima aufrechterhalten wird.If, according to a preferred exemplary embodiment of the method, the drying medium is circulated in a drying chamber which is separated from a condenser chamber within the drying chamber and which has the part of the chamber wall which serves as a condenser, and if branchable portions of the drying medium circulated in the drying chamber are fed into the condenser chamber, the drying can advantageously be carried out in a continuous process. In this case, by controlling the size of the partial quantities of drying medium which are discharged from the drying room and introduced into the condenser chamber, the simplest way is to maintain the most suitable climate in the drying room during the entire drying process.

Der als Kondensator dienende Teil der Kammerwandung kann gekühlt werden, wenn es erforderlich ist, die Kondensatorleistung zu erhöhen und/oder wenn das Verfahren bei hohen Temperaturen der Außenluft durchgeführt wird.The part of the chamber wall serving as a condenser can be cooled if it is necessary to increase the condenser output and / or if the process is carried out at high outside air temperatures.

Eine erfindungsgemäß zur Durchführung der aufgezeigten Trocknungsverfahren vorgesehene Trocknungsvorrichtung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie mindestens eine Trockenkammer, deren Kammerwandung einen inneren Trocknungsraum gegenüber der Außenluft abschließt, mindestens eine Umwälzeinrichtung zum Umwälzen eines strömungsfähigen Trocknungsmediums in dem Trocknungsraum, mindestens eine Heizeinrichtung zum Zuführen von Wärmeenergie zum Trocknungsmedium und mindestens einen Kondensator zum Abscheiden von Flüssigkeit aus dem Trocknungsmedium aufweist und daß der Kondensatar zumindest teilweise durch einen Teil der Kammerwandung der Trockenkammer gebildet ist.A drying device provided according to the invention for carrying out the drying processes shown is characterized in that it has at least one drying chamber, the chamber wall of which closes off an inner drying chamber from the outside air, at least one circulating device for circulating a flowable drying medium in the drying room, at least one heating device for supplying thermal energy to the drying medium and has at least one condenser for separating liquid from the drying medium and that the condensate is at least partially formed by part of the chamber wall of the drying chamber.

Vorzugsweise ist bei der Vorrichtung ein Großteil der Kammerwandung mit einer Wärmeisolierung versehen, und der den Kondensator bildende Teil der Kammerwandung ist von der Wärmeisolierung freigehalten. Bei einem solchen Ausführungsbeispiel wird nicht nur ein Teil der sonst notwendigen Wärmeisolation der Kammerwand eingespart, sondern es wird auch der wirkungsvolle Wärmetransport vom Kondensator an die Umgebungsluft und/oder an ein anderes Kühlmedium sichergestellt.In the device, a large part of the chamber wall is preferably provided with thermal insulation, and the part of the chamber wall forming the condenser is kept free of the thermal insulation. In such an embodiment, not only is part of the otherwise necessary thermal insulation of the chamber wall saved, but also the effective heat transfer from the condenser to the ambient air and / or to another cooling medium is ensured.

Bei einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem die Trockenkammer durch eine innere Trennwand in den Trocknungsraum für die Aufnahme des zu trocknenden Holzes und in einen Kondensatorraum unterteilt ist, der zumindest teilweise von dem als Kondensatar dienenden Teil der Kammerwandung umgeben ist, und bei dem in der Trennwand mindestens eine Öffnung für den Durchtritt von Trocknungsmedium vorhanden ist, läßt sich der kontinuierliche Trocknungsvorgang mit kleinstmöglichem Energieverlust durchführen. Durch das Vorhandensein der Trennwand ist die im Trocknungsraum umgewälzte Strömung des Trocknungsmediums von dem als Kondensator dienenden Teil der Kammerwandung getrennt.In a preferred embodiment, in which the drying chamber is divided by an inner partition into the drying space for receiving the wood to be dried and into a condenser space which is at least partially surrounded by the part of the chamber wall serving as a condensate, and in the partition If there is at least one opening for the passage of drying medium, the continuous drying process can be carried out with the least possible energy loss. The presence of the partition wall means that the flow of the drying medium circulated in the drying chamber is separated from the part of the chamber wall serving as a condenser.

Durch Einstellen des wirksamen Öffnungsquerschnitts der Öffnung der Trennwand hat man es in der Hand, von dem mit Feuchtigkeit beladenen Trocknungsmedium eine solche Menge abzuzweigen und pro Zeiteinheit in den Kondensatorraum einzuführen, die die gleiche Feuchtigkeitsmenge enthält, die in dieser Zeiteinheit vom Holz in der Trocknungskammer an das umgewälzte Trocknungsmedium abgegeben werden soll. Auf einfachste Weise und mit günstiger Energiebilanz kann auf diese Weise ein gewünschter Zustand des im Trocknungsraum herrschenden Klimas aufrechterhalten werden.By adjusting the effective opening cross-section of the opening of the partition, it is possible to branch off from the moisture-laden drying medium and introduce it into the condenser space per unit of time, which contains the same amount of moisture as from the wood in the drying chamber in this unit of time the circulating drying medium is to be dispensed. A desired state of the climate prevailing in the drying room can be maintained in the simplest manner and with a favorable energy balance.

Wenn der Kondensatorraum im Bodenbereich der Trockenkammer vorgesehen ist, kann der Kondensatorraum mit seiner Kammerwandung gleichzeitig den Behälter für abgeschiedene Flüssigkeit bilden.If the condenser chamber is provided in the bottom region of the drying chamber, the condenser chamber with its chamber wall can simultaneously form the container for separated liquid.

Unter bestimmten Betriebsbedingungen kann es erforderlich sein, Kühlmaßnahmen an dem als Kondensator dienenden Teil der Kammerwandung vorzusehen, um die Kondensatorleistung zu erhöhen. Zu diesem Zweck kann an der Außenseite des als Kondensator dienenden Teiles der Kammerwandung ein Kühlmittelkanal vorgesehen sein, durch den ein Kühlmedium, wie Kühlluft oder Kühlwasser, geführt wird. Der Kühlmittelkanal kann auf seiner Innenseite unmittelbar durch die Kammerwandung begrenzt und nach außen hin durch eine parallel zur Kammerwandung verlaufende Ummantelung oder durch das Fundament der Trockenkammer selbst abgeschlossen sein.Under certain operating conditions, it may be necessary to provide cooling measures on the part of the chamber wall serving as a condenser in order to increase the condenser performance. For this purpose, a coolant channel can be provided on the outside of the part of the chamber wall serving as a condenser, through which a cooling medium, such as cooling air or cooling water, is guided. The inside of the coolant channel can be delimited directly by the chamber wall and can be closed off from the outside by a jacket running parallel to the chamber wall or by the foundation of the drying chamber itself.

In Fällen, in denen eine besonders hohe Kondensatorleistung benötigt wird, kann ein zusätzlicher Kondensator vorgesehen sein, wobei dieser aufgrund des bereits vorhandenen leistungsstarken Kondensators in Form der Kammerwandung schwach dimensioniert sein kann, was dessen Anschaffungs- und Betriebskosten gering hält.In cases in which a particularly high capacitor power is required, an additional capacitor can be provided, which can be of weak dimensions due to the already existing high-performance capacitor in the form of the chamber wall, which keeps its acquisition and operating costs low.

Nachstehend ist die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels der Trocknungsvorrichtung im einzelnen erläutert.The invention is explained in detail below using an exemplary embodiment of the drying device shown in the drawing.

Die einzige Figur zeigt einen schematisch vereinfacht gezeichneten Querschnitt durch die Trockenkammer der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.The single figure shows a schematically simplified cross section through the drying chamber of the device according to the invention.

Eine als Ganzes mit 1 bezeichnete Trockenkammer in Form eines zumindest näherungsweise kreiszylindrischen, langgestreckten Metallzylinders weist an beiden Stirnseiten nicht dargestellte, runde Verschlußdeckel auf, von denen zumindest einer eine Beschickungstür für das Einbringen und Austragen eines Holzstapels 3 bildet. Der Holzstapel 3 besteht aus Schnitthölzern 4, die zur Lückenbildung mit Hilfe von Stapelleisten (nicht dargestellt) versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind.A drying chamber, designated as a whole by 1, in the form of an at least approximately circular-cylindrical, elongated metal cylinder has, on both end faces, not shown, round sealing covers, at least one of which forms a loading door for the introduction and removal of a stack of wood 3. The wood stack 3 consists of sawn timber 4, which are arranged offset from one another with the aid of stacking strips (not shown) to form gaps.

Die Trockenkammer 1 ist auf einem Fundament 2 gelagert und weist über einen Großteil ihres Umfanges an der Außenseite ihrer Kammerwandung 5 eine Wärmeisolierung 7 auf, die sich, bezogen auf die Zylinderachse, axial über die gesamte Länge der Trockenkammer 1 erstreckt. Ein Teil 9 der Kammerwandung 5, der den Bodenbereich der Trockenkammer 1 bildet, ist von der Wärmeisolation 7 freigelassen. Auf der Höhe des Überganges zwischen dem von der Wärmeisolierung 7 freigelassenen Teil 9 und dem die Wärmeisolierung 7 aufweisenden übrigen Teil der Kammerwandung 5 ist der Innenraum der Trockenkammer 1 durch eine ebene Trennwand 11 in einen oberhalb der Trennwand 11 befindlichen Trocknungsraum 13 und einen darunterliegenden Kondensatorraum 15 unterteilt. Die Trennwand 11 ist an ihren axial verlaufenden, an der Kammerwandung 5 anliegenden Seitenrändern gegenüber dieser über Dichtleisten 17 abgedichtet. Die Oberseite der Trennwand 11 bildet die Auflagefläche für den im Trocknungsraum 13 befindlichen Holzstapel 3.The drying chamber 1 is mounted on a foundation 2 and has a large part of its circumference on the outside of its chamber wall 5, a thermal insulation 7, which, based on the cylinder axis, extends axially over the entire length of the drying chamber 1. A part 9 of the chamber wall 5, which forms the bottom area of the drying chamber 1, is left free from the heat insulation 7. At the level of the transition between the part 9 exposed by the heat insulation 7 and the remaining part of the chamber wall 5 which has the heat insulation 7, the interior of the drying chamber 1 is through a flat partition wall 11 into a drying chamber 13 located above the partition wall 11 and a condenser chamber 15 underneath divided. The partition 11 is sealed at its axially extending side edges abutting the chamber wall 5 with respect to the latter via sealing strips 17. The top of the partition 11 forms the support surface for the wood stack 3 located in the drying room 13.

Im Trocknungsraum 13 ist oberhalb des Holzstapels 3 eine sich parallel zu dessen Oberseite erstreckende Zwischendecke 19 angeordnet. Oberhalb der Zwischendecke 19 befindet sich im Trocknungsraum ein Heizregister 21 mit mehreren in einer vertikalen Reihe übereinander angeordneten axial verlaufenden Heizschlangen, von denen die unterste innerhalb einer Wanne 23 gelegen ist. Die Heizleistung zumindest dieser untersten, in der Wanne 23 befindlichen Heizschlange ist unabhängig von der Heizleistung der übrigen Heizschlangen steuerbar. Oberhalb der Zwischendecke 19 befinden sich im Trocknungsraum 13 außerdem Ventilatoren zur Umwälzung des in der Trocknungskammer 13 befindlichen Trocknungsmediums, also von ungesättigtem Dampf (Heißdampf) oder einem Dampf-Luft-Gemisch. Die Ventilatoren, von denen lediglich einer schematisiert angedeutet und mit 25 bezeichnet ist, erzeugen eine im Trocknungsraum 13 verlaufende Umwälzströmung.In the drying room 13, an intermediate ceiling 19 extending parallel to the upper side thereof is arranged above the wood stack 3. Above the false ceiling 19 there is a heating register 21 in the drying room with a plurality of axially extending heating coils arranged one above the other in a vertical row, the lowest of which is located within a trough 23. The heating power of at least this lowest heating coil located in the tub 23 can be controlled independently of the heating power of the other heating coils. Above the false ceiling 19 there are also fans in the drying chamber 13 for circulating the drying medium in the drying chamber 13, that is to say unsaturated steam (superheated steam) or a steam-air mixture. The fans, only one of which is indicated schematically and designated 25, produce a circulating flow running in the drying chamber 13.

Die Trennwand 11 weist eine Öffnung 27 auf, über die der Trocknungsraum 13 mit dem Kondensatorraum 15 verbindbar ist. Der Öffnungsquerschnitt der Öffnung 27 ist mittels einer von der Außenseite der Trockenkammer 1 her steuerbaren Ventilanordnung 29 veränderbar. In den Kondensatorraum 15 führt von außen her ein Saugrohr 31, dessen Mündung in geringem Abstand unterhalb der Trennwand 11 gelegen ist. Das Saugrohr 31 ist über ein Ventil 32 mit einer Saugpumpe 33 verbindbar.The partition 11 has an opening 27 through which the drying space 13 can be connected to the condenser space 15. The opening cross section of the opening 27 can be changed by means of a valve arrangement 29 which can be controlled from the outside of the drying chamber 1. A suction pipe 31 leads from the outside into the condenser chamber 15, the mouth of which is located at a short distance below the partition 11. The suction pipe 31 can be connected to a suction pump 33 via a valve 32.

An der tiefstgelegenen Stelle des Bodenbereiches mündet ein Auslaßrohr 35 in den Kondensatorraum 15. Über das Auslaßrohr 35, eine mit diesem verbundene Pumpe 36 und ein dieser nachgeschaltetes Auslaßventil 37 ist kondensierte Flüssigkeit 39 abführbar, die sich im Bodenbereich des Kondensatorraumes 15 angesammelt hat.At the lowest point in the floor area, an outlet pipe 35 opens into the condenser chamber 15. Condensed liquid 39, which has accumulated in the floor area of the condenser chamber 15, can be discharged via the outlet pipe 35, a pump 36 connected to it and an outlet valve 37 connected to it.

In diesen Bodenbereich, der einen Behälter für die Ansammlung kondensierter Flüssigkeit 39 bildet, erstreckt sich ein Steigrohr 41, das mit seiner unteren Rohrmündung in die angesammelte Flüssigkeit 39 eintaucht und mit seinem oberen Ende in der Wanne 23 am Heizregister 21 mündet. In das Steigrohr 41 sind eine Pumpe 43 und eine von der Außenseite der Trockenkammer 1 her steuerbare Ventilanordnung 45 eingefügt.In this floor area, which forms a container for the accumulation of condensed liquid 39, a riser pipe 41 extends, which dips into the accumulated liquid 39 with its lower pipe mouth and opens with its upper end in the trough 23 on the heating register 21. A pump 43 and a valve arrangement 45 which can be controlled from the outside of the drying chamber 1 are inserted into the riser pipe 41.

Der von der Wärmeisolierung 7 freie Teil 9 der Kammerwandung 5, der den Kondensatorraum 15 umgibt, bildet eine innere Begrenzungsfläche eines Kühlluftkanals 47, der außenseitig durch einen Metallmantel 49 begrenzt ist, der sich in verhältnismäßig geringem Abstand zum Teil 9 der Kammerwandung 5 und dazu parallel erstreckt. Ein Gebläse 51 ist mit seiner Druckseite am Kühlluftkanal 47 angeschlossen, um eine Kühlluftströmung im Luftkanal 47 in Richtung auf ein an diesem angeschlossenes Ausströmrohr 53 zu erzeugen, dessen Ausströmquerschnitt mittels einer Drosselklappe 55 verstellbar ist.The part 9 of the chamber wall 5 which is free from the heat insulation 7 and which surrounds the condenser chamber 15 forms an inner boundary surface of a cooling air duct 47 which is delimited on the outside by a metal jacket 49 which is at a relatively short distance from the part 9 of the chamber wall 5 and parallel thereto extends. A blower 51 is connected with its pressure side to the cooling air duct 47 in order to generate a cooling air flow in the air duct 47 in the direction of an outflow pipe 53 connected thereto, the outflow cross section of which can be adjusted by means of a throttle valve 55.

Um die Wirksamkeit des Wärmeaustausches am als Kondensator dienenden Teil 9 der Kammerwandung 5 und damit die Kondensatorleistung zu erhöhen, können bei Bedarf verschiedene Maßnahmen ergriffen werden. So können beispielsweise am Teil 9 der Kammerwandung 5 im Kühlluftkanal 47 Kühlrippen 57 angebracht sein, von denen in der Figur lediglich eine einzige beispielsweise angedeutet ist. Zusätzlich könnten bei Bedarf nicht dargestellte, oberflächenvergrößernd wirkende Rippen an der Innenseite des Teiles 9 der Kammerwandung 5 angebracht sein. Anstelle von Kühlluft könnte ein anderes Kühlmedium, etwa Kühlwasser, durch den Kanal 47 geführt werden.In order to increase the effectiveness of the heat exchange on the part 9 of the chamber wall 5 serving as a condenser and thus the condenser performance, various measures can be taken if necessary. For example, cooling fins 57 can be attached to part 9 of the chamber wall 5 in the cooling air duct 47, of which only a single one is indicated in the figure, for example. In addition, if necessary, not shown, surface-enlarging ribs could be attached to the inside of part 9 of chamber wall 5. Instead of cooling air, another cooling medium, such as cooling water, could be led through the channel 47.

Im Trocknungsraum 13, im Kondensatorraum 15 sowie im Kühlluftkanal 47 befinden sich Meßinstrumente zur Überwachung der Temperatur-, Druck- und sonstiger Klimawerte.In the drying chamber 13, in the condenser chamber 15 and in the cooling air duct 47 there are measuring instruments for monitoring the temperature, pressure and other climate values.

Von diesen Instrumenten sind in der Figur ein Temperaturfühler 59 zur Ermittlung der Kerntemperatur des Holzstapels 3 sowie im Trockenraum 13 je ein Temperaturfühler 61, ein Druckfühler 62 sowie ein Meßfühler 63 für Gleichgewichtsfeuchte eingezeichnet. Ein Temperaturfühler 65 am Boden des Behälters für angesammelte, kondensierte Flüssigkeit 39 mißt deren Temperatur. Außerdem ist im Kühlluftkanal 47 ein Temperaturfühler 67 zur Ermittlung der Kühllufttemperatur vorhanden. Außerdem sind im Kondensatorraum 15 Füllstandssensoren 70,71 und 72 vorgesehen, die auf die maximale Füllstandshöhe, den Sollwert der Füllstandshöhe bzw. auf den Minimalwert der Füllstandshöhe der angesammelten Flüssigkeit 39 ansprechen. Ferner ist mindestens jeweils ein Fühler (nicht dargestellt) zur Messung der mittleren und -Kernholzfeuchte vorhanden.Of these instruments, a temperature sensor 59 for determining the core temperature of the wood stack 3 and a temperature sensor 61, a pressure sensor 62 and a sensor 63 for equilibrium moisture are drawn in the drying room 13. A temperature sensor 65 at the bottom of the condensed liquid container 39 measures its temperature. In addition, a temperature sensor 67 for determining the cooling air temperature is present in the cooling air duct 47. In addition, 15 level sensors 70, 71 and 72 are provided in the capacitor chamber, which respond to the maximum level, the target value of the level or the minimum value of the level of the accumulated liquid 39. Furthermore, there is at least one sensor (not shown) for measuring the mean and heartwood moisture.

Nachstehend ist ein typisches Beispiel der Betriebsweise der Vorrichtung erläutert. Wie bereits erwähnt, bildet die Trennwand 11 die Lagerfläche für den im Trocknungsraum 13 zu trocknenden Holzstapel 3. Bei einer Gleiswagenbeschickung des Trocknungsraumes 13 kann die Anordnung so getroffen sein, daß die vorhandenen Ladeflächen der Gleiswagen selbst die Trennwand 11 bilden, wenn dafür Sorge getragen wird, daß die Seitenränder der Ladeflächen durch geeignete Ausbildung der Dichtleisten 17 relativ zur Kammerwandung 5 abgedichtet sind. Bei den Dichtleisten kann es sich beispielsweise um luftgefüllte, schlauchartige Elemente handeln, die sich bei der beim Betrieb der Vorrichtung erfolgenden Druckverminderung aufblähen und dadurch dicht anliegende Dichtungswülste bilden.A typical example of the operation of the device is explained below. As already mentioned, the partition 11 forms the storage area for the wood stack 3 to be dried in the drying room 13. When loading the drying room 13 into a wagon, the arrangement can be such that the existing loading areas of the wagons themselves form the partition 11 if care is taken that the side edges of the loading areas are sealed relative to the chamber wall 5 by a suitable design of the sealing strips 17. The sealing strips can be, for example, air-filled, hose-like elements which inflate when the pressure is reduced during operation of the device and thereby form tight-fitting sealing beads.

Es versteht sich, daß die Tragfähigkeit der Ladeflächen ausreichend bemessen sein muß, um den Kräften aufgrund von Druckdifferenzen standzuhalten, die sich im Betrieb zwischen Trocknungsraum 13 und Kodensatorraum 15 ergeben, sofern größere Druckunterschiede zugelassen werden sollen.It goes without saying that the load-bearing capacity of the loading areas must be dimensioned sufficiently to withstand the forces due to pressure differences which arise in operation between the drying room 13 and the condenser room 15, provided that larger pressure differences are to be permitted.

Mittels der Saugpumpe 33 ist über das Ventil 32 und das Saugrohr 31 ein gewünschter Unterdruck im Kondensatorraum 15 und, aufgrund des Vorhandenseins der Durchströmöffnung 27, auch ein Unterdruck im Trocknungsraum 13 einstellbar, wobei das Druckverhältnis zwischen den beiden letztgenannten Räumen durch entsprechende Ansteuerung der Ventilanordnung 29 an der Öffnung 27 einstellbar ist. Durch Steuerung der Heizleistung des Heizregisters 21 wird das im Trocknungsraum 13 mittels der Ventilatoren 25 umgewälzte Trocknungsmedium auf eine gewünschte Temperatur gebracht, um den Holzstapel 3 aufzuheizen. Aufgrund der Meßwerte des Temperaturfühlers 59 für die Kerntemperatur des Holzes und die Fühler 61,62 und 63 für die Klimadaten im Trocknungsraum 13 wird in Abhängigkeit von den gewählten Druckverhältnissen das gewünschte Trocknungsklima im Trocknungsraum 13 eingestellt. Aufgrund der Trennung zwischen Trocknungsraum 13 und Kondensatorraum 15 kann der Verfahrensablauf so gestaltet werden, daß mittels der Einstellung der Öffnungsgröße der Durchtrittsöffnung 27 durch Steuerung der Ventilanordnung 29 der Kondensationsvorgang im Kondensatorraum 15 zu einer Flüssigkeitsabscheidung führt, die der gewünschten Entfeuchtungsrate des Holzstapels 3 im Trocknungsraum 13 entspricht. Die Kondensatorleistung ist durch die Kühlluftführung im Luftkanal 47 steuerbar. Bei Betrieb der Vorrichtung in Gebieten mit nicht übermäßig hohen Außenlufttemperaturen kann möglicherweise eine zusätzliche Luftkühlung des von der Wärmeisolierung 7 freien Teiles 9 die Kammerwandung 5 unterbleiben. Der äußere Mantel 49 am Kühlluftkanal 47 wäre bei unmittelbarer Kühlung durch Außenluft nicht erforderlich.By means of the suction pump 33, a desired negative pressure in the condenser chamber 15 and, due to the presence of the flow opening 27, a negative pressure in the drying chamber 13 can be set via the valve 32 and the suction pipe 31, the pressure ratio between the latter two spaces being controlled by appropriate control of the valve arrangement 29 is adjustable at the opening 27. By controlling the heating power of the heating register 21, the drying medium circulated in the drying room 13 by means of the fans 25 is brought to a desired temperature in order to heat the wood stack 3. Based on the measured values of the temperature sensor 59 for the core temperature of the wood and the sensors 61, 62 and 63 for the climate data in the drying room 13, the desired drying climate in the drying room 13 is set depending on the selected pressure conditions. Due to the separation between drying chamber 13 and condenser chamber 15, the process sequence can be designed in such a way that by adjusting the opening size of the passage opening 27 by controlling the valve arrangement 29, the condensation process in the condenser chamber 15 leads to a liquid separation which corresponds to the desired dehumidification rate of the wood stack 3 in the drying chamber 13 corresponds. The condenser output can be controlled by the cooling air duct in the air duct 47. When the device is operated in areas with not excessively high outside air temperatures, additional air cooling of the part 9 free of the heat insulation 7 can possibly be omitted the chamber wall 5. The outer jacket 49 on the cooling air duct 47 would not be necessary for direct cooling by outside air.

Die angesammelte abgeschiedene Flüssigkeit 39 wird nach Maßgabe der die Füllstandshöhe ermittelnden Sensoren 70,71 und 72 mittels der Pumpe 36 und des Ventiles 37 über das Auslaßrohr 35 abgeführt.The accumulated separated liquid 39 is discharged via the outlet pipe 35 by means of the pump 36 and the valve 37 in accordance with the sensors 70, 71 and 72 which determine the fill level.

In Fällen, in denen eine Dampfzufuhr zum Trocknungsraum 13 für dessen Klimaeinstellung erforderlich ist, kann über das Steigrohr 41 mittels der Pumpe 49 und des Ventiles 45 abgeschiedene Flüssigkeit 39 aus dem Kondensatorraum 15 in die Wanne 23 zugeführt und dort durch die eintauchende Heizschlange des Heizregisters 21 verdampft werden. Die Pumpe 43 ist für einen Reversierbetrieb ausgelegt. Unter bestimmten Verfahrensbedingungen kann das abgeschaltete Heizregister 21 als Kühlregister und damit als im Trocknungsraum 13 befindlicher Zusatzkondensator dienen, wobei abgeschiedene Flüssigkeit in der Wanne 23 gesammelt und über das Ventil 45 und die im umgekehrten Betrieb arbeitende Pumpe 43 in den Kondensatorraum 15 hinein abgeführt wird. Die Trockenkammer 1 kann aus Kostengründen aus Stahlbeton hergestellt sein. Das im Behälter gesammelte Kondensat kann als Dämpfung gegen Temperaturschwankungen im Kondensatorraum 15 dienen. Das dort gesammelte Wasser kann auch umgewälzt werden, um die Wärmeübertragung zwischen dem Wasser und dem Teil 9 der Kammerwandung zu erhöhen.In cases in which a steam supply to the drying room 13 is required for its climate adjustment, liquid 39 separated from the condenser chamber 15 can be fed into the tub 23 via the riser pipe 41 by means of the pump 49 and the valve 45 and there through the immersing heating coil of the heating register 21 be evaporated. The pump 43 is designed for reversing operation. Under certain process conditions, the switched-off heating register 21 can serve as a cooling register and thus as an additional condenser located in the drying chamber 13, the separated liquid being collected in the trough 23 and discharged into the condenser chamber 15 via the valve 45 and the pump 43 operating in reverse operation. The drying chamber 1 can be made of reinforced concrete for cost reasons. The condensate collected in the container can serve as damping against temperature fluctuations in the condenser chamber 15. The water collected there can also be circulated in order to increase the heat transfer between the water and the part 9 of the chamber wall.

Durch die Trennwand 11, die auch lageverstellbar sein kann, ist also eine Trennung von Trockenkammer 1 und Kondensatorraum 15 erreicht, wodurch gewährleistet ist, daß bei kontinuierlicher Trocknung der zum Einsatz kommende Kondensator im Kondensatorraum 15, der auch ein Kondensator üblicher Bauart sein kann, nicht vom umgewälzten Trocknungsmedium angeströmt wird. Hierdurch sind Energieverluste vermieden, durch Luft und/oder den Anteil des Dampfes, der am Kondensator nur abgekühlt, aber nicht kondensiert wird, weil diese an den Kondensator abgegebene Wärme vom Heizregister ständig bei der Umwälzung nachgeliefert werden muß.Through the partition 11, which can also be adjustable, a separation of the drying chamber 1 and the condenser chamber 15 is achieved, which ensures that the condenser used in the condenser chamber 15, which can also be a conventional type of condenser, is not used during continuous drying is blown by the circulating drying medium. In this way, energy losses are avoided, by air and / or the proportion of the steam which is only cooled but not condensed in the condenser, because this heat given off to the condenser has to be supplied continuously by the heating register during the circulation.

Die vorstehende Beschreibung und die Zeichnung beschränken sich nur auf die Angabe von Merkmalen, die für die beispielsweise Verkörperung der Erfindung wesentlich sind. Soweit daher Merkmale in der Beschreibung und in der Zeichnung offenbart und in den Ansprüchen nicht genannt sind, dienen sie erforderlichenfalls auch zur Bestimmung des Gegenstandes der Erfindung.The above description and the drawing are limited to the specification of features which are essential for the embodiment of the invention, for example. To the extent that features are disclosed in the description and in the drawing and are not mentioned in the claims, they also serve, if necessary, to determine the subject matter of the invention.

Claims (19)

Verfahren zum Trocknen von Holz in einer Trockenkammer (1), bei dem ein strömungsfähiges Trocknungsmedium in der durch ihre Kammerwandung (5) gegenüber der Außenluft abschließbaren Trockenkammer (1) umwälzbar ist, Wärmeenergie zum Trocknungsmedium zugeführt und aus diesem mittels eines Kondensators Feuchtigkeit abgeschieden wird, die das Trocknungsmedium aus dem Holz (3,4) aufgenommen hat, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Teil (9) der Kammerwandung (5) der Trockenkammer (1) als Kondensator verwendet wird.Process for drying wood in a drying chamber (1), in which a fluid drying medium can be circulated in the drying chamber (1), which can be closed off from the outside air by its chamber wall (5), thermal energy is supplied to the drying medium and moisture is separated from it by means of a condenser, which has taken up the drying medium from the wood (3, 4), characterized in that part (9) of the chamber wall (5) of the drying chamber (1) is used as a condenser. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Trocknungsmedium in einem Trocknungsraum (13) unwälzbar ist, der innerhalb der Trockenkammer (1) von einem Kondensatorraum (15) abgesondert ist, der den als Kondensator dienenden Teil (9) der Kammerwandung (5) aufweist, und daß abzweigbare Teilmengen des im Trocknungsraum (13) umgewälzten Trocknungsmediums in den Kondensatorraum (15) zugeführt werden.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the drying medium is non-circulating in a drying chamber (13) which is separated within the drying chamber (1) from a condenser chamber (15) which serves as the condenser part (9) of the chamber wall (5) and that branchable portions of the drying medium circulated in the drying chamber (13) are fed into the condenser chamber (15). Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Luft und/oder Heißdampf als Trocknungsmedium verwendet werden.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that air and / or superheated steam are used as the drying medium. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Trockenkammer (1) einstellbare Unterdrücke und/oder Überdrücke erzeugt werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that adjustable underpressures and / or overpressures are generated in the drying chamber (1). Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der als Kondensator dienende Teil (9) der Kammerwandung (5) gekühlt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the part (9) of the chamber wall (5) serving as a condenser is cooled. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kammerwandung (5) als Behälter für die abgeschiedene Flüssigkeit (39) verwendet wird und daß die auf der Kammerwandung (5) angesammelte Flüssigkeit (39) mittels einer ansteuerbaren Auslaßvorrichtung (35,36,37) aus dem Behälter abgeführt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the chamber wall (5) is used as a container for the separated liquid (39) and that the liquid (39) accumulated on the chamber wall (5) is used by means of a controllable outlet device (35, 36,37) is removed from the container. Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie mindestens eine Trockenkammer (1), deren Kammerwandung (5) einen inneren Trocknungsraum (13) gegenüber der Außenluft abschließt, mindestens eine Umwälzeinrichtung (25) zum Umwälzen eines strömungsfähigen Trocknungsmediums in dem Trocknungsraum (13), mindestens eine Heizeinrichtung (21) zum Zuführen von Wärmeenergie zum Trocknungsmedium und mindestens einen Kondensator zum Abscheiden von Flüssigkeit (39) aus dem Trocknungsmedium aufweist und daß der Kondensator zumindest teilweise durch einen Teil (9) der Kammerwandung (5) der Trockenkammer (1) gebildet ist.Device for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it has at least one drying chamber (1), the chamber wall (5) of which closes an inner drying chamber (13) from the outside air, at least one circulating device (25) for circulating one Flowable drying medium in the drying room (13), at least one heating device (21) for supplying thermal energy to the drying medium and at least one condenser for separating liquid (39) from the drying medium and that the condenser at least partially through a part (9) of the chamber wall (5) the drying chamber (1) is formed. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Großteil der Kammerwandung (5) mit einer Wärmeisolierung (7) versehen ist und daß der den Kondensator bildende Teil (9) der Kammerwandung (5) von der Wärmeisolierung (7) freigehalten ist.Device according to claim 7, characterized in that a large part of the chamber wall (5) is provided with thermal insulation (7) and in that the part (9) of the chamber wall (5) forming the condenser is kept free of the thermal insulation (7). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Trockenkammer (1) durch eine innere Trennwand (11) in den Trocknungsraum (13) für die Aufnahme des zu trocknenden Holzes (3,4) und in einen Kondensatorraum (15) unterteilt ist, der zumindest teilweise von dem als Kondensator dienenden Teil (9) der Kammerwandung (5) umgeben ist, und daß in der Trennwand (11) mindestens eine Öffnung (27) für den Durchtritt von Trocknungsmedium vorhanden ist.Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the drying chamber (1) is subdivided by an inner partition (11) into the drying chamber (13) for receiving the wood (3, 4) to be dried and into a condenser chamber (15) which is at least partially surrounded by the part (9) of the chamber wall (5) serving as a condenser, and that at least one opening (27) for the passage of drying medium is present in the partition (11). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der wirksame Öffnungsquerschnitt der Öffnung (27) der Trennwand (11) einstellbar ist, vorzugsweise mittels einer ansteuerbaren Ventilanordnung (29).Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the effective opening cross section of the opening (27) of the partition (11) is adjustable, preferably by means of a controllable valve arrangement (29). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kondensatorraum (15) im Bodenbereich der Trockenkammer (1) gelegen ist und mit seiner Kammerwandung einen Behälter für abgeschiedene Flüssigkeit (39) bildet.Apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the condenser chamber (15) is located in the bottom region of the drying chamber (1) and forms a container for separated liquid (39) with its chamber wall. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Behälter eine ansteuerbare Auslaßvorrichtung (35, 36,37) für das Abführen der Flüssigkeit (39) aufweist und daß zur Ermittlung der Pegelhöhe der Flüssigkeit (39) im Behälter eine Meßeinrichtung (70,71,72) vorgesehen ist, mittels deren Meßsignal die Auslaßvorrichtung ansteuerbar ist.Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the container has a controllable outlet device (35, 36, 37) for the removal of the liquid (39) and in that a measuring device (70, 71,) for determining the level of the liquid (39) in the container 72) is provided, by means of whose measuring signal the outlet device can be controlled. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Kühleinrichtung für den als Kondensator dienenden Teil (9) der Kammerwandung (5) vorgesehen ist.Device according to one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that a cooling device is provided for the part (9) of the chamber wall (5) serving as a condenser. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der als Kondensator dienende Teil (9) der Kammerwandung (5) eine Begrenzungsfläche für einen Kühlluftkanal (47) der Kühleinrichtung bildet und daß mindestens ein Ventilator (51) zum Erseugen einer Kühlluftströmung im Kühlluftkanal (47) vorhanden ist.Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the part (9) of the chamber wall (5) serving as a condenser forms a boundary surface for a cooling air duct (47) of the cooling device and that at least one fan (51) for generating a cooling air flow in the cooling air duct (47) is available. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein Ventilator (51) drehzahlregelbar ausgebildet ist.Apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that at least one fan (51) is designed to be speed-controllable. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Behälter für abgeschiedene Flüssigkeit (39), im Trocknungsraum (13) und an der Außenluft jeweils Temperaturfühler (65,61) vorgesehen sind und daß der jeweils drehzahlregelbare Ventilator (51) in Abhängigkeit von den Meßsignalen der Temperaturfühler steuerbar ist.Apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that in each case temperature sensors (65, 61) are provided in the container for separated liquid (39), in the drying room (13) and in the outside air, and in that the respective speed-controllable fan (51) is dependent on the measurement signals the temperature sensor is controllable. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Heizeinrichtung ein im Trocknungsraum (13) angeordnetes Heizregister (21) aufweist, daß zumindest ein Teil des Heizregisters als Teil eines Dampferzeugers zur wahlweisen Erzeugung von Dampf im Trocknungsraum (13) ausgebildet ist und daß die Heizleistung dieses Teiles des Heizregisters (21) unabhängig von der Heizleistung restlicher Teile des Heizregisters (21) einstellbar ist.Device according to one of claims 7 to 16, characterized in that the heating device has a heating register (21) arranged in the drying room (13), that at least part of the heating register is designed as part of a steam generator for the optional generation of steam in the drying room (13) and that the heating power of this part of the heating register (21) can be set independently of the heating power of other parts of the heating register (21). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein für die wahlweise Dampferzeugung dienender Teil des Heizregisters (21) in einer Wanne (23) gelegen ist, die über eine Rohrleitung (41) mit ansteuerbarer Ventilanordnung (45) und Pumpe (43) mit dem Behälter für im Kondensatorraum (15) abgeschiedene Flüssigkeit (39) verbindbar ist.Apparatus according to claim 17, characterized in that a part of the heating register (21) which serves for the optional generation of steam is located in a trough (23) which is connected via a pipeline (41) with a controllable valve arrangement (45) and pump (43) to the Container for liquid (39) separated in the condenser chamber (15) can be connected. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9 und einem der übrigen Ansprüche 7 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für eine Gleiswagenbeschickung des Trocknungsraumes (13) mit zu trocknendem Holz (3,4) die Ladeflächen der Gleiswagen zumindest den Großteil der Trennwand (11) zwischen Trocknungsraum (13) und Kondensatorraum (15) bilden.Device according to claim 9 and one of the other claims 7 to 18, characterized in that for a loading of the drying room (13) with wood (3, 4) to be dried, the loading areas of the loading cars at least the majority of the partition wall (11) between the drying space (13) ) and the capacitor chamber (15).
EP91104619A 1991-03-23 1991-03-23 Apparatus for drying wood Expired - Lifetime EP0505586B1 (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK91104619.1T DK0505586T3 (en) 1991-03-23 1991-03-23 Wood drying device
ES91104619T ES2082027T3 (en) 1991-03-23 1991-03-23 PROCEDURE FOR DRYING WOOD AS WELL AS A DEVICE TO PERFORM THE PROCEDURE.
DE59106827T DE59106827D1 (en) 1991-03-23 1991-03-23 Device for drying wood.
AT91104619T ATE129803T1 (en) 1991-03-23 1991-03-23 DEVICE FOR DRYING WOOD.
EP91104619A EP0505586B1 (en) 1991-03-23 1991-03-23 Apparatus for drying wood
DE4208913A DE4208913C2 (en) 1991-03-23 1992-03-20 Device for drying sawn timber
DE9203725U DE9203725U1 (en) 1991-03-23 1992-03-20
CA002063768A CA2063768C (en) 1991-03-23 1992-03-23 Apparatus for drying cut timber
US07/855,323 US5228209A (en) 1991-03-23 1992-03-23 Apparatus for drying out wood

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP91104619A EP0505586B1 (en) 1991-03-23 1991-03-23 Apparatus for drying wood

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0505586A1 true EP0505586A1 (en) 1992-09-30
EP0505586B1 EP0505586B1 (en) 1995-11-02

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ID=8206567

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91104619A Expired - Lifetime EP0505586B1 (en) 1991-03-23 1991-03-23 Apparatus for drying wood

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US5228209A (en)
EP (1) EP0505586B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE129803T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2063768C (en)
DE (3) DE59106827D1 (en)
DK (1) DK0505586T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2082027T3 (en)

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FR2770441A1 (en) * 1997-10-30 1999-05-07 Bernard Dedieu SHEET DRYING METHOD AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD
DE19522028C2 (en) * 1995-06-17 1999-12-16 Reinhard Brunner Method and device for drying sawn timber under negative pressure
FR2781180A1 (en) * 1998-07-17 2000-01-21 Fours Et Bruleurs Rey Torrefaction reactor for processing wood waste, has sealed chamber operating discontinuously, arrangement for stirring the air to enhance heating, and arrangement to stress the wood
FR2781710A1 (en) * 1999-09-28 2000-02-04 Valeurs Bois Ind Method of drying sawn wood
FR2793008A1 (en) * 1999-04-30 2000-11-03 Valeurs Bois Ind PROCESS FOR THE EXTRACTION OF NATURAL JUICE FROM WOODY PLANT MATERIAL, DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE PROCESS AND USE OF THE PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DRY WOODY PLANT
US6675495B2 (en) 1997-10-30 2004-01-13 Valeurs Bois Industrie Method for drying saw timber and device for implementing said method
EP1847791A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2007-10-24 Bearn Innovation Method of drying sludge and apparatus for carrying out the method
CZ298942B6 (en) * 1997-11-04 2008-03-19 Drying device
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KR101865909B1 (en) * 2016-06-15 2018-06-08 인태근 Wood drying divice using very high frequency
US10082335B2 (en) 2016-09-26 2018-09-25 American Wood Dryers, Llc Single pass continuous lumber drying kiln
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DE19522028C2 (en) * 1995-06-17 1999-12-16 Reinhard Brunner Method and device for drying sawn timber under negative pressure
EP1248059A1 (en) * 1997-10-30 2002-10-09 Valeurs Bois Industrie Method for drying sawn timber and device for implementing said method
WO1999023429A1 (en) * 1997-10-30 1999-05-14 Valeur Bois Industrie Method for drying saw timber and device for implementing said method
CZ297639B6 (en) * 1997-10-30 2007-02-21 Valeur Bois Industrie Method of drying saw timber and device for implementing said method
FR2770441A1 (en) * 1997-10-30 1999-05-07 Bernard Dedieu SHEET DRYING METHOD AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD
US6675495B2 (en) 1997-10-30 2004-01-13 Valeurs Bois Industrie Method for drying saw timber and device for implementing said method
US6473994B1 (en) 1997-10-30 2002-11-05 Valeurs Bois Industrie Method for drying saw timber and device for implementing said method
CZ298942B6 (en) * 1997-11-04 2008-03-19 Drying device
FR2781180A1 (en) * 1998-07-17 2000-01-21 Fours Et Bruleurs Rey Torrefaction reactor for processing wood waste, has sealed chamber operating discontinuously, arrangement for stirring the air to enhance heating, and arrangement to stress the wood
WO2000004328A1 (en) * 1998-07-17 2000-01-27 Fours Et Bruleurs Rey Reactor for wood retification
WO2000066960A1 (en) * 1999-04-30 2000-11-09 Valeurs Bois Industrie Method for extracting the natural juice of ligneous plant material, device for carrying out said method and use of said method in the production of dried ligneous plant material
US6581299B1 (en) * 1999-04-30 2003-06-24 Valeurs Bois Industrie Method for extracting natural juice of ligneous plant material, device for carrying out said method and use of said method in the production of dried ligneous plants material
FR2793008A1 (en) * 1999-04-30 2000-11-03 Valeurs Bois Ind PROCESS FOR THE EXTRACTION OF NATURAL JUICE FROM WOODY PLANT MATERIAL, DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE PROCESS AND USE OF THE PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DRY WOODY PLANT
FR2781710A1 (en) * 1999-09-28 2000-02-04 Valeurs Bois Ind Method of drying sawn wood
FR2900224A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2007-10-26 Bearn Innovation Bernard Dedie METHOD FOR DRYING SLUDGE AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD
WO2007122328A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2007-11-01 Bearn Innovation - Dedieu Bernard Method of drying sludge and device for implementing the method
EP1847791A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2007-10-24 Bearn Innovation Method of drying sludge and apparatus for carrying out the method
AU2007242682B2 (en) * 2006-04-21 2011-12-22 INNOTHERM-E Technologies Method of drying sludge and device for implementing the method
WO2015101946A1 (en) * 2014-01-02 2015-07-09 Delta Recover A drying installation for drying goods and method for drying goods
BE1023488B1 (en) * 2014-01-02 2017-04-06 Delta Recover A DRYING DEVICE FOR GOODS TO DRY AND METHOD OF DRYING GOODS

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59106827D1 (en) 1995-12-07
US5228209A (en) 1993-07-20
ATE129803T1 (en) 1995-11-15
DE4208913C2 (en) 1994-04-14
ES2082027T3 (en) 1996-03-16
CA2063768C (en) 1998-06-09
DE9203725U1 (en) 1992-07-16
DK0505586T3 (en) 1996-03-04
EP0505586B1 (en) 1995-11-02
CA2063768A1 (en) 1992-09-24
DE4208913A1 (en) 1992-09-24

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