EP0460490B1 - Air classifier - Google Patents

Air classifier Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0460490B1
EP0460490B1 EP91108600A EP91108600A EP0460490B1 EP 0460490 B1 EP0460490 B1 EP 0460490B1 EP 91108600 A EP91108600 A EP 91108600A EP 91108600 A EP91108600 A EP 91108600A EP 0460490 B1 EP0460490 B1 EP 0460490B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
classifier
wheels
air
housing
conduit
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EP91108600A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0460490A2 (en
EP0460490A3 (en
Inventor
Frank Fischer-Helwig
Albert Süssegger
Albrecht Dr. Wolter
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Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
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Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/08Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force
    • B07B7/083Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums, or brushes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rod basket sifter for sifting granular material in at least three fractions, consisting of a substantially vertically arranged housing with sifting air supply and sifting material supply, with sifting wheels arranged concentrically in the housing and with sifting air discharge and discharges for the fine material and the coarse material.
  • a known classifier of the type mentioned at the outset (EP-A-0 250 747) has an upper caulking chamber with a rotating rod basket and a downstream lower indulgence chamber also with a rotating rod basket, the axes of rotation of the two rod baskets lying one inside the other.
  • the fine material is extracted essentially coaxially together with the classifying air from the feed material fed into the classifier from above in the pre-screening room, and the remaining good material is introduced into the separate lower inspection room with the lower rod basket, where it is separated into coarse and medium goods.
  • the known sifter is able to sift a good material in three grain fractions, but this result is achieved by connecting an upper rod basket sifter (presifter) and a lower rod basket sifter (sifter) in series, so that the known sifter is characterized by a large overall height .
  • a separation of the feed material into four grain fractions would no longer be conceivable or practically impossible with the known classifier construction.
  • both the upper pre-classifier and the separate lower post-classifier must each be equipped with their own classifying air supply housings, including classifying air regulating elements, which contributes to the complexity of the known classifier design.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a bar sifter, which is characterized by a compact design, and still allows the sifting of a feed in even more than three grain fractions with high yield and sharp separation of the desired grain fractions from each other.
  • the classifying wheels are mounted separately in the housing and can be driven independently of one another. This enables the classifier wheels to be driven at different speeds and / or with mutually opposite directions of rotation and thus an optimal setting of the classifier on the item to be viewed.
  • a material distributor plate is arranged on the outer classifier wheel and is loaded with the feed material from above.
  • At least one further line of sight air is connected to the housing below the classifying wheels and opens from below into the free space between the classifying wheels.
  • the classifier for classifying granular material consists of a substantially vertically standing housing (1) with concentrically nested therein and rotatable classifying wheels (2, 3, and 4).
  • the inner classifier wheel (2) is firmly connected to a central drive shaft (5) and the outer classifier wheels (3 and 4) are rotatably supported thereon, as well as with each other, by means of support bearings (6 and 7).
  • the classifying wheels (3 and 4) are connected to hollow shafts (8 and 9), which in turn are held so as to be rotatable relative to the central shaft (5) and with one another in bearings (10 and 11).
  • the classifying wheels (2, 3, and 4) are very advantageously equipped with rod baskets (12, 13 and 14), the openings of which decrease between the rods (not shown in the drawing) for the passage of the visible air from the outer rod basket to the inner neighboring rod basket are trained. Compensation for the passage area for the sight air, which decreases from the outside inward with the same length of the sight wheels, can be created by the length of the sight wheels increasing from the outside in, so that the passage speed of the sight air in all sight wheels either remains approximately the same or even decreases.
  • the thickness of the basket rods can be varied from inside to outside.
  • a line (15) opening into the classifier housing (1) is arranged for the supply of classifying air, with known, not shown, adjustable venetian blind elements, while a line (16) is provided below the innermost classifier wheel (2) for the removal of classifying air from the classifier.
  • a line (16) is provided below the innermost classifier wheel (2) for the removal of classifying air from the classifier.
  • openings (17) at the top of the classifier housing for supplying the material to be sifted and in the lower area immediately below the classifier wheels (2, 3 and 4) diagonally downwardly extending channels (18, 19 and 20) for the discharge of those in the classifier separated grain fractions arranged.
  • the inner clear width of the channels (18 and 19) is here exactly on the distance between the rod baskets (12, 13 and 14) located or free annular space, so that any Mixing between the grain fractions already separated from the classifying air stream and separated from one another is avoided with certainty.
  • the classifier wheels (2, 3 and 4) are rotated by means of a drive device, not shown in the drawing, which is connected to the shafts (5, 8 and 9) . Subsequently, line of sight air is fed to the classifier through the line (15) and the material to be sifted is fed to the classifier in the direction of the arrow (21) from above through the openings (17).
  • the sighted material is caught by the sifting air flow and taken along by it in the direction of the arrow (22), due to the inward increasing speed of rotation of the rod baskets (14, 13) and the rod basket (12) to separate the feed material into three fractions, namely in Coarse goods (arrow 23), medium goods (arrow 24) and fines (arrow 25), which fall down into the channels (20, 19 and 18) and are removed separately from the classifier.
  • the from the sifting air transported into the inside of the rod basket (12) and discharged from there via the line (16) to the outside represents the fourth fraction, the finest fraction, which in a suitable separate device, e.g. B. filter or cyclone, separated from the classifying air and can be obtained in this way.
  • a suitable separate device e.g. B. filter or cyclone
  • a further classifying air line (26) is connected to the housing (1) of the classifier, specifically below the line (15), with valves Guide branch lines (27, 28, 29) into the channels (18, 19, 20).
  • valves Guide branch lines (27, 28, 29) are connected to the housing (1) of the classifier, specifically below the line (15), with valves Guide branch lines (27, 28, 29) into the channels (18, 19, 20).
  • branch lines (27, 28, 29) more or less additional secondary air can be introduced into the channels (18, 19, 20) with the help of the valves, as required, which then counteracts the fractions (23, 24, 25) flows upwards into the free space between the classifying wheels (2, 3, 4), from where it, together with the classifying air flow (22), reaches the interior of the rod basket (12) and from there via the line (16) is discharged to the outside.
  • the fraction (23, 24, 25) which is separated out in the classifier and falls down is very advantageously subjected to an after-inspection by the secondary sifting air flowing from the bottom up, any missing grain which is found in the down-falling fraction (23, 24, 25), recorded with certainty and separated from the group.
  • the separator's sharpness can be significantly improved in this way.
  • a crop distributor plate (30) is arranged on the outer classifier wheel (4) at the top and is loaded with the feed material to be sifted (arrow 31) from above.
  • the feed material is grasped by the distributor plate (30) and thrown approximately radially outwards.
  • the feed material thrown outwards from the distributor plate (30) strikes a baffle ring (32) arranged in the classifier housing (1) at a distance from the distributor plate (30), from which it falls down into the classifying air stream (22) in the direction of the arrow (33) .
  • the agglomerates or coarser goods that are still present in the feed material are comminuted or disagglomerated before they reach the classifying air stream (22) .
  • the distributor plate (30) can additionally be equipped in the outer area at the top with known centrifugal blades or impact elements.
  • the feed material pretreated in this way passes into the space between the sight air guide elements (34) and the guide elements or rods of the rod basket (14) of the outer classifier wheel (4), where it is caught by the sight air flow (arrows 22) and by it in the direction of the arrow (22 ) carried inwards and is separated from one another in three fractions in the operating mode already described above in connection with the classifier according to FIG. 1. Since the classifier shown in FIG. 2, in its other components, in particular with regard to the design and arrangement of the classifying wheels (2, 3, 4), the drive, the supply and removal of classifying air and the supply of primary and secondary air from the one in FIG 1 does not distinguish between the classifiers shown, for the sake of simplicity these components and drives, which are therefore identical in FIG. 2, have also been given the same reference numbers.
  • the classifier wheels (2, 3, 4) are driven from above in the classifiers shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. However, there is also the possibility of driving the classifier wheels from below, or in particular in the case of a classifier with only two classifier wheels, one classifier wheel from above and the second classifier wheel from below. In this context, at least the sight air discharge (16) can also be moved upwards or upwards from the classifier. In addition, it may also be appropriate to carry out the discharge of the middle fraction (arrow 24) and / or the discharge of the fine fraction (arrow 25) by subtracting a partial air stream.
  • the classifier according to the invention can also advantageously be used and operated as a so-called two-section classifier in the partial final grinding of cement clinker.
  • the cement clinker which is pressed into flakes in a high-pressure roller press and then deagglomerated, is fed to the classifier shown in FIG. 2 from above in the direction of the arrow (31).
  • the first fraction obtained in the classifier namely the coarse material (arrow 23) is returned to the high-pressure roller press, while the medium material (arrow 24) is used in a post-grinding unit, e.g. B. abandoned ball mill and is accordingly comminuted in this.
  • the remilled material is then either fed to the classifier from above (arrow 35) through corresponding openings (36, 37) in the classifier housing and material distributor plate (30) and between the free space through which the classifying air flows the classifying wheels (3) and (4) introduced and sifted therein or directly mixed into the finished product.
  • a third, from the sight air through the basket rods of the classifying wheel (2) The finest fraction carried inwards is then discharged as a third finished product via the classifying air outlet (16).
  • the second fraction is discharged from the classifier as a finished product with the classifier air flow and separated from the classifier air in a separator (filter) connected to the classifier.
  • a separator filter
  • an annular web (38) is attached to the distributor plate (30) behind the openings (37).
  • the classifying wheels (2, 3 and 4) can be driven in the classifiers shown in the drawing figures as required, with the same direction of rotation and the same or different circulation speed or also with the opposite direction of rotation and the same or different circulation speed in order to optimally adapt the classifier to the material to be viewed or z. B. crushing and / or special deagglomeration effects.
  • the classifier according to the invention for classifying particularly fine-grained material into several fractions, with gases, such as eg. B. argon and the like are used.
  • a corresponding profiling of the rods can also be carried out to homogenize the flow of visible air through the passage openings between the rods of the rod baskets (12, 13 and 14) and thus to improve the selectivity.
  • the free openings between the bars for the passage of the visible air from the respective outer bar basket to the inner adjacent bar basket by adapting the shape of the bar, the number of bars and the height of the individual bar baskets, instead of increasing or decreasing or substantially constant.
  • any number of classifier wheels according to the invention can be nested concentrically in the classifier housing and arranged at a corresponding distance from one another and operated with different directions of rotation.
  • the crushing effect can also be intensified by the arrangement of scattering elements and / or impact elements on the crop distributor plate (30).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Stabkorbsichter zum Sichten von körnigem Gut in wenigstens drei Fraktionen, bestehend aus einem im wesentlichen vertikal angeordneten Gehäuse mit Sichtluftzuführung und Sichtgutzuführung, mit im Gehäuse konzentrisch angeordneten Sichterrädern sowie mit Sichtluftabführung und Austrägen für das Feingut und das Grobgut.The invention relates to a rod basket sifter for sifting granular material in at least three fractions, consisting of a substantially vertically arranged housing with sifting air supply and sifting material supply, with sifting wheels arranged concentrically in the housing and with sifting air discharge and discharges for the fine material and the coarse material.

Ein bekannter Sichter der eingangs genannten Art (EP-A-0 250 747) weist einen oberen Vorsichtungsraum mit einem rotierenden Stabkorb und einen sich nach unten anschließenden unteren Nachsichtungsraum ebenfalls mit einem rotierenden Stabkorb auf, wobei die Drehachsen beider Stabkörbe ineinanderliegen. Aus dem von oben dem Sichter aufgegebenen Aufgabegut wird im Vorsichtungsraum mit dem oberen Stabkorb das Feingut im wesentlichen koaxial zusammen mit der Sichtluft abgesaugt, und das restliche Gutmaterial wird in den separaten unteren Nachsichtungsraum mit dem unteren Stabkorb eingeführt und dort in Grobgut und Mittelgut getrennt. Der bekannten Sichter ist zwar in der Lage, ein Gutmaterial in drei Kornfraktionen zu sichten, jedoch wird dieses Ergebnis durch die Hintereinanderschaltung eines oberen Stabkorbsichters (Vorsichters) und eines unteren Stabkorbsichters (Nachsichters) erreicht, so daß der bekannte Sichter durch eine große Bauhöhe characterisiert ist. Eine Trennung des Aufgabegutes gar in vier Kornfraktionen wäre mit der bekannten Sichterkonstruktion schon nicht mehr denkbar bzw. praktisch nicht mehr realisierbar. Außerdem müssen beim bekannten Sichter sowohl der obere Vorsichter als auch der separate untere Nachsichter jeweils mit eigenen Sichtluftzuführungsgehäusen einschließlich Sichtluftregulierorganen ausgestattet sein, was zur Aufwendigkeit der bekannten Sichterkonstruktion beiträgt.A known classifier of the type mentioned at the outset (EP-A-0 250 747) has an upper caulking chamber with a rotating rod basket and a downstream lower indulgence chamber also with a rotating rod basket, the axes of rotation of the two rod baskets lying one inside the other. The fine material is extracted essentially coaxially together with the classifying air from the feed material fed into the classifier from above in the pre-screening room, and the remaining good material is introduced into the separate lower inspection room with the lower rod basket, where it is separated into coarse and medium goods. The known sifter is able to sift a good material in three grain fractions, but this result is achieved by connecting an upper rod basket sifter (presifter) and a lower rod basket sifter (sifter) in series, so that the known sifter is characterized by a large overall height . A separation of the feed material into four grain fractions would no longer be conceivable or practically impossible with the known classifier construction. In addition, in the known classifier both the upper pre-classifier and the separate lower post-classifier must each be equipped with their own classifying air supply housings, including classifying air regulating elements, which contributes to the complexity of the known classifier design.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Stabkorbsichter zu schaffen, der durch eine kompakte Bauweise ausgezeichnet ist, und der trotzdem die Sichtung eines Aufgabegutes in sogar auch mehr als drei Kornfraktionen bei hohem Ausbringen und scharfer Trennung der jeweils gewünschten Kornfraktionen voneinander zuläßt.The invention has for its object to provide a bar sifter, which is characterized by a compact design, and still allows the sifting of a feed in even more than three grain fractions with high yield and sharp separation of the desired grain fractions from each other.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung mit den Maßnahmen des Kennzeichnungsteils des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Dadurch, daß die Sichterräder gemäß der Erfindung im Gehäuse mit Abstand konzentrisch ineinandergeschachtelt sind, so daß sie nacheinander von der Sichtluft durchströmt werden, wird bei gleich hohem Ausbringen und scharfer Trennung der jeweils gewünschten Kornfraktionen, wie beim vorhin genannten Sichter, eine erhebliche Reduzierung des Sichters in seiner Bauhöhe erreicht. Ferner wird durch diese erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung des Sichters die Betriebsweise des Sichters wesentlich vereinfacht und Energie eingespart.This object is achieved according to the invention with the measures of the characterizing part of claim 1. Characterized in that the classifier wheels according to the invention are nested concentrically in the housing at a distance, so that they are successively flowed through by the classifying air, with the same output and sharp separation of the desired grain fractions, as in the classifier mentioned above, a significant reduction in classifier reached in height. Furthermore, this design of the classifier according to the invention considerably simplifies the operation of the classifier and saves energy.

Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Sichterräder im Gehäuse getrennt und unabhängig voneinander antreibbar gelagert. Dies ermöglicht den Antrieb der Sichterräder mit unterschiedlichen Geschwindigkeiten und/oder mit untereinander entgegengesetzten Drehrichtungen und damit eine optimale Einstellung des Sichters auf das jeweils zu sichtende Gut.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the classifying wheels are mounted separately in the housing and can be driven independently of one another. This enables the classifier wheels to be driven at different speeds and / or with mutually opposite directions of rotation and thus an optimal setting of the classifier on the item to be viewed.

In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist am äußeren Sichterrad oben ein Gutverteilerteller angeordnet, der mit dem Aufgabegut von oben beschickt wird. Mit Hilfe des Gutverteilertellers wird nicht nur eine über den Umfang besonders gleichmäßige Verteilung und Beschickung des Sichtluftstromes mit dem Aufgabegut erreicht, sondern es erfolgt hierbei auch eine Auflockerung und Desagglomerierung des Aufgabegutes, was sich besonders günstig auf den Sichteffekt auswirkt.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a material distributor plate is arranged on the outer classifier wheel and is loaded with the feed material from above. With the aid of the material distributor plate, not only is a distribution and loading of the viewing air flow particularly uniform over the circumference achieved, but also a loosening and deagglomeration of the feeding material takes place, which has a particularly favorable effect on the visual effect.

Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist unterhalb der Sichterräder am Gehäuse wenigstens eine weitere Sichtluftleitung angeschlossen, die von unten in den jeweils zwischen den Sichterrädern befindlichen freien Raum mündet. Auf diese Weise kann die jeweils aus dem Hauptsichtluftstrom nach unten hin austretende Kornfraktion durch Zuführung von sekundärer Sichtluft von unten durch die unterhalb der Sichterräder am Gehäuse angeordnete Sichtluftleitung einer Nachsichtung unterzogen und dadurch die Trennschärfe verbessert werden.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one further line of sight air is connected to the housing below the classifying wheels and opens from below into the free space between the classifying wheels. In this way, the grain fraction emerging from the main sight air flow downward can be subjected to an after-inspection by supplying secondary sight air from below through the sight air line arranged below the classifying wheels on the housing, and the selectivity can thereby be improved.

Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Erläuterung von in den Zeichnungen schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen.Further details, features and advantages of the invention result from the following explanation of exemplary embodiments shown schematically in the drawings.

Es zeigt:

Fig. 1:
einen Stabkorbsichter ohne Gutverteilerteller gemäß der Erfindung im Längsschnitt.
Fig. 2:
einen Stabkorbsichter mit Gutverteilerteller gemäß der Erfindung im Längsschnitt und teils in Perspektive.
It shows:
Fig. 1:
a rod basket sifter without Gutverteilerteller according to the invention in longitudinal section.
Fig. 2:
a rod basket classifier with Gutverteilerteller according to the invention in longitudinal section and partly in perspective.

Wie Fig. 1 zeigt, besteht der Sichter zum Sichten von körnigem Gut aus einem im wesentlichen senkrecht stehenden Gehäuse (1) mit darin konzentrisch ineinandergeschachtelt und mit Abstand voneinander drehbar angeordneten Sichterrädern (2, 3, und 4). Das innere Sichterrad (2) ist hierbei mit einer zentralen Antriebswelle (5) fest verbunden und die äußeren Sichterräder (3 und 4) sind auf diesem, wie auch untereinander, mittels Stützlager (6 und 7) drehbeweglich abgestützt. Ferner sind die Sichterräder (3 und 4) mit Hohlwellen (8 und 9) verbunden, die ihrerseits gegenüber der zentralen Welle (5) und untereinander in Lagern (10 und 11) rotationsbeweglich gehalten sind. Diese erfindungsgemäße Anordnung und Lagerung der Sichterräder (2, 3 und 4) untereinander ermöglicht sehr vorteilhaft einen voneinander unabhängigen Antrieb der Sichterräder (2, 3 und 4).As shown in FIG. 1, the classifier for classifying granular material consists of a substantially vertically standing housing (1) with concentrically nested therein and rotatable classifying wheels (2, 3, and 4). The inner classifier wheel (2) is firmly connected to a central drive shaft (5) and the outer classifier wheels (3 and 4) are rotatably supported thereon, as well as with each other, by means of support bearings (6 and 7). Furthermore, the classifying wheels (3 and 4) are connected to hollow shafts (8 and 9), which in turn are held so as to be rotatable relative to the central shaft (5) and with one another in bearings (10 and 11). This arrangement and mounting of the classifying wheels (2, 3 and 4) according to the invention very advantageously enables independent driving of the classifying wheels (2, 3 and 4).

Die Sichterräder (2, 3, und 4) sind sehr vorteilhaft mit Stabkörben (12, 13 und 14) ausgerüstet, deren Öffnungen zwischen den in der Zeichnung nicht näher dargestellten Stäben für den Durchtritt der Sichtluft vom jeweils äußeren Stabkorb zum jeweils inneren benachbarten Stabkorb abnehmend ausgebildet sind. Ein Ausgleich für die bei gleicher Länge der Sichterräder von außen nach innen abnehmende Durchtrittsfläche für die Sichtluft kann durch von außen nach innen zunehmende Länge der Sichträder geschaffen werden, so daß die Durchtrittsgeschwindigkeit der Sichtluft bei allen Sichträdern entweder annähernd gleich bleibt oder sogar noch abnimmt. Für denselben Zweck kann auch die Dicke der Korbstäbe von Sichtrad zu Sichtrad nach innen abnehmend variiert werden. Seitlich oben am Gehäuse (1), und zwar in Höhe des äußeren Sichterrades (4), ist für die Sichtluftzuführung eine in das Sichtergehäuse (1) mündende Leitung (15) mit darin an sich bekannten, nicht näher dargestellten, jalousieartig einstellbaren Luftleitelementen angeordnet, während für die Sichtluftabführung aus dem Sichter eine Leitung (16) unterhalb des innersten Sichterrades (2) vorgesehen ist. Ferner sind oben am Sichtergehäuse Öffnungen (17) für die Zuführung des zu sichtenden Gutes und im unteren Bereich unmittelbar unterhalb der Sichterräder (2, 3 und 4) schräg nach unten außen verlaufende Kanäle (18, 19 und 20) für den Austrag der im Sichter voneinander getrennten Kornfraktionen angeordnet. Die innere lichte Weite der Kanäle (18 und 19) ist hierbei genau auf den jeweils zwischen den Stabkörben (12, 13 und 14) befindlichen Abstand bzw. freien Ringraum abgestellt, so daß jegliche Vermischung zwischen den bereits aus dem Sichtluftstrom ausgeschiedenen und voneinander getrennten Kornfraktionen mit Sicherheit vermieden wird.The classifying wheels (2, 3, and 4) are very advantageously equipped with rod baskets (12, 13 and 14), the openings of which decrease between the rods (not shown in the drawing) for the passage of the visible air from the outer rod basket to the inner neighboring rod basket are trained. Compensation for the passage area for the sight air, which decreases from the outside inward with the same length of the sight wheels, can be created by the length of the sight wheels increasing from the outside in, so that the passage speed of the sight air in all sight wheels either remains approximately the same or even decreases. For the same purpose, the thickness of the basket rods can be varied from inside to outside. On the side of the housing (1), at the level of the outer classifier wheel (4), a line (15) opening into the classifier housing (1) is arranged for the supply of classifying air, with known, not shown, adjustable venetian blind elements, while a line (16) is provided below the innermost classifier wheel (2) for the removal of classifying air from the classifier. Furthermore, there are openings (17) at the top of the classifier housing for supplying the material to be sifted and in the lower area immediately below the classifier wheels (2, 3 and 4) diagonally downwardly extending channels (18, 19 and 20) for the discharge of those in the classifier separated grain fractions arranged. The inner clear width of the channels (18 and 19) is here exactly on the distance between the rod baskets (12, 13 and 14) located or free annular space, so that any Mixing between the grain fractions already separated from the classifying air stream and separated from one another is avoided with certainty.

Im Betrieb dieses in Fig. 1 dargestellten Sichters gemäß der Erfindung werden die Sichterräder (2, 3 und 4) über eine in der Zeichnung nicht näher dargestellte Antriebsvorrichtung, die mit den Wellen (5, 8 und 9) in Verbindung steht, in Umdrehungen versetzt. Anschließend wird durch die Leitung (15) Sichtluft dem Sichter zugeführt und das jeweils zu sichtende Gut dem Sichter in Pfeilrichtung (21) von oben durch die Öffnungen (17) aufgegeben. Im Sichter wird das gesichtete Gut vom Sichtluftstrom erfaßt und von diesem in Pfeilrichtung (22) mitgenommen, wobei es aufgrund der nach innen zunehmenden Umlaufgeschwindigkeit der Stabkörbe (14, 13) sowie des Stabkorbes (12) zur Trennung des Aufgabegutes in drei Fraktionen, nämlich in Grobgut (Pfeil 23), Mittelgut (Pfeil 24) und Feingut (Pfeil 25) kommt, die nach unten in die Kanäle (20, 19 und 18) fallen und getrennt voneinander aus dem Sichter abgeführt werden. Das von der Sichtluft hierbei mit in das Innere des Stabkorbes (12) transportierte und von dort über die Leitung (16) nach außen abgeführte Gut stellt als vierte Fraktion die feinste Fraktion dar, die in einer geeigneten separaten Einrichtung, z. B. Filter oder Zyklon, von der Sichtluft getrennt und auf diese Weise gewonnen werden kann.In operation of this classifier shown in FIG. 1 according to the invention, the classifier wheels (2, 3 and 4) are rotated by means of a drive device, not shown in the drawing, which is connected to the shafts (5, 8 and 9) . Subsequently, line of sight air is fed to the classifier through the line (15) and the material to be sifted is fed to the classifier in the direction of the arrow (21) from above through the openings (17). In the sifter, the sighted material is caught by the sifting air flow and taken along by it in the direction of the arrow (22), due to the inward increasing speed of rotation of the rod baskets (14, 13) and the rod basket (12) to separate the feed material into three fractions, namely in Coarse goods (arrow 23), medium goods (arrow 24) and fines (arrow 25), which fall down into the channels (20, 19 and 18) and are removed separately from the classifier. The from the sifting air transported into the inside of the rod basket (12) and discharged from there via the line (16) to the outside represents the fourth fraction, the finest fraction, which in a suitable separate device, e.g. B. filter or cyclone, separated from the classifying air and can be obtained in this way.

Ferner ist hierbei am Gehäuse (1) des Sichters, und zwar unterhalb der Leitung (15) eine weitere Sichtluftleitung (26) angeschlossen, von der mit Ventilen versehene Zweigleitungen (27, 28, 29) in die Kanäle (18, 19, 20) führen. Durch diese Zweigleitungen (27, 28, 29) kann mit Hilfe der Ventile je nach Bedarf in die Kanäle (18, 19, 20) mehr oder weniger zusätzliche sekundäre Sichtluft eingeführt werden, die dann entgegen den nach unten fallenden Fraktionen (23, 24, 25) nach oben in den jeweils zwischen den Sichterrädern (2, 3, 4) befindlichen freien Raum strömt, von wo sie zusammen mit dem Sichtluftstrom (22) in das Innere des Stabkorbes (12) gelangt und von dort über die Leitung (16) mit nach außen abgeführt wird. Die hierbei jeweils im Sichter ausgeschiedene und nach unten fallende Fraktion (23, 24, 25) wird durch die von unten nach oben strömende sekundäre Sichtluft sehr vorteilhaft einer Nachsichtung unterzogen, wobei noch etwaiges Fehlkorn, das sich in der nach unten fallenden Fraktion (23, 24, 25) befindet, mit Sicherheit erfaßt und von der Fraktion getrennt wird. Die Trennschärfe des Sichters kann auf diese Weise erheblich verbessert werden.Furthermore, a further classifying air line (26) is connected to the housing (1) of the classifier, specifically below the line (15), with valves Guide branch lines (27, 28, 29) into the channels (18, 19, 20). Through these branch lines (27, 28, 29) more or less additional secondary air can be introduced into the channels (18, 19, 20) with the help of the valves, as required, which then counteracts the fractions (23, 24, 25) flows upwards into the free space between the classifying wheels (2, 3, 4), from where it, together with the classifying air flow (22), reaches the interior of the rod basket (12) and from there via the line (16) is discharged to the outside. The fraction (23, 24, 25) which is separated out in the classifier and falls down is very advantageously subjected to an after-inspection by the secondary sifting air flowing from the bottom up, any missing grain which is found in the down-falling fraction (23, 24, 25), recorded with certainty and separated from the group. The separator's sharpness can be significantly improved in this way.

Wie Fig. 2 zeigt, ist am äußeren Sichterrad (4) oben ein Gutverteilerteller (30) angeordnet, der von oben mit dem zu sichtenden Aufgabegut (Pfeil 31) beschickt wird. Vom Verteilerteller (30) wird das Aufgabegut erfaßt und etwa radial nach außen abgeschleudert. Das vom Verteilerteller (30) nach außen geschleuderte Aufgabegut trifft hierbei auf einen im Sichtergehäuse (1) mit Abstand vom Verteilerteller (30) angeordneten Prallring (32), von dem es in Pfeilrichtung (33) nach unten hin in den Sichtluftstrom (22) fällt. Durch den Aufprall des Gutes am Prallring (32), der sehr vorteilhaft aus hochverschleißfestem Material besteht, oder innen mit einer hochverschleißfesten Schutzschicht versehen sein kann, werden die im Aufgabegut eventuell noch vorhandenen Agglomerate oder gröberen Gutstücke zerkleinert bzw. desagglomeriert, bevor sie in den Sichtluftstrom (22) gelangen. Zur Unterstützung der Zerkleinerung bzw. Desagglomerierung von im Aufgabegut vorhandenen Gutstücken und/oder Agglomeraten kann der Verteilerteller (30) im äußeren Bereich oben zusätzlich mit an sich bekannten Schleuderflügeln oder Schlagelementen ausgestattet werden. Das auf diese Weise vorbehandelte Aufgabegut gelangt in den Zwischenraum zwischen den Sichtluftleitelementen (34) und den Leitelementen bzw. Stäben des Stabkorbes (14) des äußeren Sichterrades (4), wo es vom Sichtluftstrom (Pfeile 22) erfaßt und von diesem in Pfeilrichtung (22) nach innen mitgenommen und dabei in der oben bereits in Verbindung mit dem Sichter gemäß Fig. 1 geschilderten Betriebsweise in drei Fraktionen voneinander getrennt wird. Da sich der in Fig. 2 dargestellte Sichter in seinen übrigen Bauelementen, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Ausbildung und Anordnung der Sichterräder (2, 3, 4), des Antriebes, der Sichtluftzu- und Abführung sowie der Zuführung von Primär- und Sekundärluft von dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Sichter nicht unterscheidet, wurden der Einfachheit halber auch diese in Fig. 2 dargestellten und somit identischen Bauelemente und Antriebe mit ebendenselben Bezugsziffern versehen.As shown in FIG. 2, a crop distributor plate (30) is arranged on the outer classifier wheel (4) at the top and is loaded with the feed material to be sifted (arrow 31) from above. The feed material is grasped by the distributor plate (30) and thrown approximately radially outwards. The feed material thrown outwards from the distributor plate (30) strikes a baffle ring (32) arranged in the classifier housing (1) at a distance from the distributor plate (30), from which it falls down into the classifying air stream (22) in the direction of the arrow (33) . By the impact of the Good things on the impact ring (32), which is very advantageously made of highly wear-resistant material or can be provided with a highly wear-resistant protective layer on the inside, the agglomerates or coarser goods that are still present in the feed material are comminuted or disagglomerated before they reach the classifying air stream (22) . To support the comminution or disagglomeration of good items and / or agglomerates present in the feed material, the distributor plate (30) can additionally be equipped in the outer area at the top with known centrifugal blades or impact elements. The feed material pretreated in this way passes into the space between the sight air guide elements (34) and the guide elements or rods of the rod basket (14) of the outer classifier wheel (4), where it is caught by the sight air flow (arrows 22) and by it in the direction of the arrow (22 ) carried inwards and is separated from one another in three fractions in the operating mode already described above in connection with the classifier according to FIG. 1. Since the classifier shown in FIG. 2, in its other components, in particular with regard to the design and arrangement of the classifying wheels (2, 3, 4), the drive, the supply and removal of classifying air and the supply of primary and secondary air from the one in FIG 1 does not distinguish between the classifiers shown, for the sake of simplicity these components and drives, which are therefore identical in FIG. 2, have also been given the same reference numbers.

Der Antrieb der Sichterräder (2, 3, 4) erfolgt bei den in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellten Sichtern von oben. Es besteht jedoch auch die Möglichkeit, den Antrieb der Sichterräder von unten, oder aber insbesondere bei einem Sichter mit nur zwei Sichterrädern ein Sichterrad von oben und das zweite Sichterrad von unten anzutreiben. Auch zumindest die Sichtluftabführung (16) kann dann in diesem Zusammenhang nach obenhin verlegt werden bzw. nach oben aus dem Sichter erfolgen. Darüber hinaus kann es gegebenenfalls auch zweckmäßig sein, den Austrag der mittleren Fraktion (Pfeil 24) und/oder den Austrag der feinen Fraktion (Pfeil 25) durch Abzug eines Teilluftstromes vorzunehmen.The classifier wheels (2, 3, 4) are driven from above in the classifiers shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. However, there is also the possibility of driving the classifier wheels from below, or in particular in the case of a classifier with only two classifier wheels, one classifier wheel from above and the second classifier wheel from below. In this context, at least the sight air discharge (16) can also be moved upwards or upwards from the classifier. In addition, it may also be appropriate to carry out the discharge of the middle fraction (arrow 24) and / or the discharge of the fine fraction (arrow 25) by subtracting a partial air stream.

Im übrigen kann der Sichter gemäß der Erfindung auch vorteilhaft als sogenannter Zweischnittsichter bei der Teilfertigmahlung von Zementklinker eingesetzt und betrieben werden. Hierzu wird beispielsweise der in einer Hochdruck-Walzenpresse zu Schülpen gepreßte und anschließend desagglomerierte, zerkleinerte Zementklinker dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Sichter von oben in Pfeilrichtung (31) aufgegeben. Die im Sichter anfallende erste Fraktion, nämlich das Grobgut (Pfeil 23) wird in die Hochdruck-Walzenpresse zurückgeführt, während das Mittelgut (Pfeil 24) einem Nachmahlaggregat z. B. Kugelmühle aufgegeben und in diesem entsprechend nachzerkleinert wird. Das nachgemahlene Gut wird dann entweder dem Sichter von oben (Pfeil 35) durch entsprechende Öffnungen (36, 37) im Sichtergehäuse und Gutverteilerteller (30) aufgegeben und in den von der Sichtluft durchströmten freien Raum zwischen den Sichterrädern (3) und (4) eingeführt und darin gesichtet oder direkt dem Fertiggut zugemischt. Die aus dem Sichtluftstrom nach unten fallende Kornfraktion (Pfeil 25), die aus dem Kanal (18) nach außen abgeführt wird, stellt dann die zweite Fraktion, nämlich das Fertigprodukt dar. Eine dritte, von der Sichtluft durch die Korbstäbe des Sichterrades (2) nach innen getragene Feinstfraktion wird dann als drittes Fertigprodukt über die Sichtluftabführung (16) ausgetragen. Bei einem Sichter mit nur zwei Sichterrädern wird die zweite Fraktion als Fertigprodukt mit dem Sichtluftstrom aus dem Sichter ausgetragen und in einem an den Sichter angeschlossenen Abscheider (Filter) von der Sichtluft getrennt. Um zu vermeiden, daß von einem Sichteraufgabegut Anteile vom Gutverteilerteller (30) nach außen abgeschleudert werden, ist auf dem Gutverteilerteller (30) hinter den Öffnungen (37) ein ringförmiger Steg (38) angebracht.Otherwise, the classifier according to the invention can also advantageously be used and operated as a so-called two-section classifier in the partial final grinding of cement clinker. For this purpose, for example, the cement clinker, which is pressed into flakes in a high-pressure roller press and then deagglomerated, is fed to the classifier shown in FIG. 2 from above in the direction of the arrow (31). The first fraction obtained in the classifier, namely the coarse material (arrow 23) is returned to the high-pressure roller press, while the medium material (arrow 24) is used in a post-grinding unit, e.g. B. abandoned ball mill and is accordingly comminuted in this. The remilled material is then either fed to the classifier from above (arrow 35) through corresponding openings (36, 37) in the classifier housing and material distributor plate (30) and between the free space through which the classifying air flows the classifying wheels (3) and (4) introduced and sifted therein or directly mixed into the finished product. The grain fraction (arrow 25) falling downward from the sight air stream, which is discharged to the outside from the channel (18), then represents the second fraction, namely the finished product. A third, from the sight air through the basket rods of the classifying wheel (2) The finest fraction carried inwards is then discharged as a third finished product via the classifying air outlet (16). In the case of a classifier with only two classifier wheels, the second fraction is discharged from the classifier as a finished product with the classifier air flow and separated from the classifier air in a separator (filter) connected to the classifier. In order to avoid that parts of a classifier feed material are thrown outwards from the distributor plate (30), an annular web (38) is attached to the distributor plate (30) behind the openings (37).

Es besteht auch die Möglichkeit, als Alternative zum Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 2, das Aufgabegut (35) über die Welle (5), sofern diese als Hohlwelle ausgebildet ist, und über entsprechende Öffnungen in der Hohlwellenwandung auf das Deck des Sichterrades (2) aufzugeben.There is also the possibility, as an alternative to the embodiment of FIG. 2, of feeding the feed material (35) via the shaft (5), provided that it is designed as a hollow shaft, and via corresponding openings in the wall of the hollow shaft onto the deck of the classifying wheel (2) .

Im übrigen können die Sichterräder (2, 3 und 4) bei den in den Zeichnungsfiguren dargestellten Sichtern je nach Bedarf mit gleicher Drehrichtung und gleicher oder ungleicher Umlaufgeschwindigkeit oder auch mit gegenläufiger Drehrichtung und gleicher oder ungleicher Umlaufgeschwindigkeit angetrieben werden, um dadurch den Sichter optimal an das jeweils zu sichtende Gut anzupassen oder z. B. Zerkleinerungs- und/oder besondere Desagglomerationseffekte zu erzielen. Darüber hinaus besteht auch die Möglichkeit, den Sichter gemäß der Erfindung zum Sichten von besonders feinkörnigem Gut in mehrere Fraktionen einzusetzen, wobei zur schärferen Trennung der einzelnen Fraktionen voneinander anstelle von Sichtluft, Gase, wie z. B. Argon und dergleichen, heranzuziehen sind. Auch kann zur Homogenisierung der Sichtluftströmung durch die Durchtrittsöffnungen zwischen den Stäben der Stabkörbe (12, 13 und 14) und damit zur Verbesserung der Trennschärfe eine entsprechende Profilierung der Stäbe, wie sie beispielsweise aus dem Turbinenbau bekannt sind, vorgenommen werden. Ferner können gegebenenfalls die freien Öffnungen zwischen den Stäben für den Durchtritt der Sichtluft vom jeweils äußeren Stabkorb zum jeweils inneren benachbarten Stabkorb durch Anpassen von Stabform, Anzahl der Stäbe und Höhe der einzelnen Stabkörbe anstatt zunehmend auch abnehmend oder auch im wesentlichen gleichbleibend ausgebildet sein. Schließlich können im Bedarfsfalle auch beliebig mehr Sichterräder gemäß der Erfindung im Sichtergehäuse konzentrisch ineinandergeschachtelt und mit entsprechendem Abstand voneinander angeordnet und mit unterschiedlichen Drehrichtungen betrieben werden. Auch kann der Zerkleinerungseffekt durch die Anordnung von Streuelementen und/oder Schlagelementen auf dem Gutverteilerteller (30) intensivert werden. Somit bietet der
in den Zeichnungsfiguren dargestellte, im Aufbau sehr einfach und kompakt ausgebildete Sichter gemäß der Erfindung wie sie in den Ansprüchen definiert ist viele Variations- und Einsatzmöglichkeiten.
Otherwise, the classifying wheels (2, 3 and 4) can be driven in the classifiers shown in the drawing figures as required, with the same direction of rotation and the same or different circulation speed or also with the opposite direction of rotation and the same or different circulation speed in order to optimally adapt the classifier to the material to be viewed or z. B. crushing and / or special deagglomeration effects. In addition, there is also the possibility of using the classifier according to the invention for classifying particularly fine-grained material into several fractions, with gases, such as eg. B. argon and the like are used. A corresponding profiling of the rods, as is known, for example, from turbine construction, can also be carried out to homogenize the flow of visible air through the passage openings between the rods of the rod baskets (12, 13 and 14) and thus to improve the selectivity. Furthermore, if necessary, the free openings between the bars for the passage of the visible air from the respective outer bar basket to the inner adjacent bar basket by adapting the shape of the bar, the number of bars and the height of the individual bar baskets, instead of increasing or decreasing or substantially constant. Finally, if required, any number of classifier wheels according to the invention can be nested concentrically in the classifier housing and arranged at a corresponding distance from one another and operated with different directions of rotation. The crushing effect can also be intensified by the arrangement of scattering elements and / or impact elements on the crop distributor plate (30). Thus, the
In the drawing figures shown, in the construction very simple and compact trained classifier according to the invention as defined in the claims, many variations and uses.

Claims (8)

  1. A bar-cage classifier for the classification of granular material into at least three fractions, comprising a housing (1) arranged substantially vertically with an inlet for classifier air and an inlet for the material to be classified, with concentrically-arranged classifier wheels (2, 3, 4) in the housing (1) as well as outlets for the discharge of classifier air and fine material and coarse material, characterised in that the classifier wheels (2, 3, 4) in the housing (1) concentrically inter-penetrate one another and are spaced such that the classifier air flows through them sequentially, and that each of the inter-penetrating classifier wheels is provided with its own material discharge outlet (25, 18 or 24, 19 or 23, 20).
  2. A classifier according to claim 1, characterised in that the classifier wheels (2, 3, 4) are arranged separately in the housing and are drivable independently of each other.
  3. A classifier according to either claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the conduit (15) for the feed of classifier air is arranged laterally at the top of the housing (1) while the conduit for the removal of classifier air is arranged in the housing (1) beneath the innermost classifier wheel (2).
  4. A classifier according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the classifier wheels (2, 3, 4) are provided with bar-cages (12, 13, 14) and - in order to satisfy separation requirements - the free passage cross-section between the bars for the passage of classifier air is adaptable, i.e., increased, reduced or kept substantially constant, by varying the thickness of the bars and/or the depth from the outer bar-cage to its inner neighbouring bar-cage.
  5. A classifier according to claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterised in that a material distribution plate (30) is arranged on top of the outer classifier wheel (4) and is fed with the material (31) to be classified from above.
  6. A classifier according to claim 5, characterised in that the material distribution plate (30) is provided with apertures (37) which open into the free space between two classifier wheels (3, 4).
  7. A classifier according to any one of the preceding claims, and especially claim 3, characterised in that at least one further classifier air conduit (26) is arranged on the housing (1) beneath the classifier wheels (2, 3, 4), the conduit (26) opening from below into the free space between the classifier wheels (2, 3, 4).
  8. A classifier according to claim 7, characterised in that the classifier air conduit (26) is connected to at least one of the classified material discharge outlets (18, 19, 20).
EP91108600A 1990-06-08 1991-05-27 Air classifier Expired - Lifetime EP0460490B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4018361 1990-06-08
DE4018361 1990-06-08
DE4112018 1991-04-12
DE4112018A DE4112018A1 (en) 1990-06-08 1991-04-12 SAFE

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EP0460490A2 EP0460490A2 (en) 1991-12-11
EP0460490A3 EP0460490A3 (en) 1992-01-15
EP0460490B1 true EP0460490B1 (en) 1994-10-19

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US5158182A (en) 1992-10-27
EP0460490A2 (en) 1991-12-11
JPH05245442A (en) 1993-09-24
DE59103263D1 (en) 1994-11-24
DE4112018A1 (en) 1991-12-12
EP0460490A3 (en) 1992-01-15

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