EP0438623A1 - Méthode pour calibrer ou examiner un transducteur piézocéramique utilisé comme émetteur et récepteur de son - Google Patents
Méthode pour calibrer ou examiner un transducteur piézocéramique utilisé comme émetteur et récepteur de son Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0438623A1 EP0438623A1 EP90101577A EP90101577A EP0438623A1 EP 0438623 A1 EP0438623 A1 EP 0438623A1 EP 90101577 A EP90101577 A EP 90101577A EP 90101577 A EP90101577 A EP 90101577A EP 0438623 A1 EP0438623 A1 EP 0438623A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- transmitter
- spherical
- receiving
- hydrophone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012799 electrically-conductive coating Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0644—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a piezoceramic transducer that can be used as a transmitter, receiver, hydrophone or sound measuring device.
- Piezoelectric transducers are provided with metallized electrodes, on the one hand tapping the piezoelectricity in the form of electrical charge from certain polycrystalline materials, caused by mechanical deformation as a result of train or pressure, and on the other hand, the mechanical deformation in the form of train or pressure, caused by electrical feed-in Energy.
- the object of the invention to provide a device by means of which the verifiability of the piezoelectric properties used is provided and made available in the form of parameters for the specification, for example for hydrophones.
- the determination of the respective parameters should be ensured with little, economical testing effort both during the development phase, the manufacturing and manufacturing phase, the qualification phase and the deployment or use phase.
- Piezoceramic transducers of the type mentioned are suitable for carrying out absolute underwater sound pressure measurements. They convert the acoustic sound into a measurable electrical quantity (charge / voltage signal) due to the piezo effect of the ceramic used.
- the piezoceramic transducer works as a sound receiver, that is, as a sensor. Becomes conversely, the ceramic is acted upon by an AC voltage signal, the same ceramic has the property of converting the electrical energy into mechanical sound.
- the piezoceramic transducer works as a sound transmitter, that is, as a projector. These reversal or reciprocity properties of the piezoceramic transducer can be used so that one and the same piezoceramic can work simultaneously as a transmitter and receiver.
- 1 denotes a body of cylindrical disk-shaped geometry made of piezoceramic, the two end faces 2 and 3 of which serve as electrodes and serve as metallized, electrically conductive layers 4 and 5.
- one of the electrically conductive layers divided into electrically (galvanically) separate segments 4a and 4b, is applied to one and the same, homogeneous body 1 consisting of piezoceramic.
- the electrode segment 4a here represents a transmitting electrode and the segment 4b represents a receiving electrode.
- the electrically conductive layer 5 covers the second end face of the body 1 and serves as a common counter electrode.
- the term “segmentation” or the term “segment” should be understood to mean the subdivision of the electrically conductive coating of the piezoelectric carrier body 1 into sections which are electrically isolated from one another.
- the piezoelectric transducers are exclusive provided with metallized layers, which are designated 4 and 5 here.
- FIG. 2 the segmentation on a cylindrical perforated disk-shaped body 1a formed from piezoceramic is shown.
- the cylindrical bore surface carries two electrically separated, conductive layers 8 and 9 as electrodes.
- the electrically conductive coating 10 on the circumferential surface of the cylindrical disk body represents the common counter electrode of the electrodes designated 8 and 9.
- spherical half-shells 13, 14 are provided as piezoelectric bodies, each of the half-shells representing a piezoelectric transducer.
- the outer and inner shell surfaces 15 and 16 of the half shells 13 and 14 are coated with electrically conductive, metallic coatings, the application of the coating being effected in a known manner.
- FIG. 3 shows piezoelectric transducers made from piezoceramics with hemisphere geometry and non-segmented electrodes which do not correspond to the invention.
- Two ceramic piezo spheres 13, 14 are joined together to form a piezoceramic sphere. If the inner surfaces (electrodes 11, 12) are interconnected and the outer surface electrodes 15, 16 are separated from them, the transducer spherical shell can be operated via its electrodes either as a transmitter (projector) or as a receiver (hydrophone).
- the electrically conductive coating according to the invention divided into electrically separate segments.
- the half shell 13 forms a piezoelectric transducer overall.
- the second transducer is formed by the half-shell 14.
- one of the half-shells is provided with a central bore 20 and an electrically conductive coating is applied to the inside 21 and 23.
- the electrically conductive coating on the inside of the shell is segmented into an inner region 23 concentric with the bore 20 and an outer region 21 concentric with it.
- the converter can be operated as a transmitter or a receiver, either separately or as a transmitter and receiver at the same time.
- FIGS. 5 to 8 show further exemplary embodiments of segmented, electrically conductive coatings for forming electrodes with transmission and / or reception properties, which are used simultaneously on a piezoceramic. There are three, five, seven and nine segmentations. The segmentation is not restricted to the number of segments indicated in the drawing.
- FIG. 9 shows a measurement setup for determining the reciprocity behavior of a piezoelectric transducer during the development or manufacturing phase.
- 30 denotes an amplifier which connects to a hydrophone (not shown here) for underwater sound measurement using a piezoelectric-based transducer 31 with a transmitting segment 32 and a receiving segment 33, for example in an embodiment according to FIG 4, designated,
- the transmission signal line 34 connects to the transmission segment 32 of the converter 31 and the reception signal line 35 connects to the reception segment 33.
- the transmission signal line 34 connects to a storage oscilloscope 38
- the reception signal line 35 is connected to the hydrophone amplifier 30 and at the same time to the analysis system 39.
- the transmission signal line 34 leads to a function generator 36 and to the analysis system 39.
- the transmission segment 32 of the converter 31 is acted upon by the transmission signal and converts it into structure-borne noise.
- the receiving segment receives a received signal converted by structure-borne noise.
- the measurement setup shown in FIG. 9 is used to determine the parameters during the development or manufacturing phase.
- the operating and test method shown is particularly well suited for the determination of certain hydrophone parameters, since disturbing transmission sound pressure influences, such as those that can occur with the air sound pipe or water tank or gun method, can be excluded.
- the test and measurement method shown in FIG. 9 is based primarily on the physical knowledge that the reciprocity behavior in the low-voltage signal range and in certain frequency ranges is linear, that is to say the electrical field strength and the deformation are proportional to one another.
- each of the hydrophones A and B contains two piezoelectric transducers A1 and B1, each with a reception segment B2 or A2 and a transmission segment B3 or A3.
- the two hydrophones A and B are connected to one another via the reception signal line 50 'and 50 and the transmission signal line 51' and 51 via a function generator 54 by means of the transmission lines 52 'and 52.
- the received signal lines 50 lead to an analysis system 53 which connects with a graphic plotter.
- the receive signal lines 50 'and 50 each lead to the receive segment B2 and A2 and the transmit signal lines 51' and 51 to the transmit segment B3 and A3 of the piezoelectric transducer A1 and B1, respectively.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3833234A DE3833234C2 (de) | 1988-09-30 | 1988-09-30 | Verfahren zum Kalibrieren oder Prüfen eines piezokeramischen Wandlers |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0438623A1 true EP0438623A1 (fr) | 1991-07-31 |
EP0438623B1 EP0438623B1 (fr) | 1995-10-25 |
Family
ID=6364076
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90101577A Expired - Lifetime EP0438623B1 (fr) | 1988-09-30 | 1990-01-26 | Méthode pour calibrer ou examiner un transducteur piézocéramique utilisé comme émetteur et récepteur de son |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0438623B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3833234C2 (fr) |
GB (1) | GB2223377B (fr) |
IT (1) | IT1232453B (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4134456A1 (de) * | 1991-10-18 | 1993-04-22 | Klaus Brankamp System Prozessa | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur messung der kraftwirkung in einem mechanisch belasteten maschinenteil |
CN100432004C (zh) * | 2007-01-16 | 2008-11-12 | 中船重工海声科技有限公司 | 压电陶瓷球壳制作方法 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH09163498A (ja) * | 1995-10-06 | 1997-06-20 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | 球体型圧電スピーカ |
JP3644259B2 (ja) * | 1998-03-24 | 2005-04-27 | 株式会社村田製作所 | スピーカ装置 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1141962A (fr) * | 1954-12-03 | 1957-09-12 | Electroacustic Gmbh | Appareil émetteur et récepteur ou récepteur d'ondes sonores dans l'eau |
US3800270A (en) * | 1972-07-12 | 1974-03-26 | Johnson Service Co | Piezoelectric acoustical transducer for transmitting and receiving |
FR2278217A1 (fr) * | 1974-07-10 | 1976-02-06 | Schlumberger Prospection | Transducteur acoustique |
US4168628A (en) * | 1977-10-20 | 1979-09-25 | Rca Corporation | Pulse-echo ultrasonic-imaging display system having time-varied effective aperture |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA930211A (en) * | 1970-08-20 | 1973-07-17 | Johnson Matthey And Mallory Limited | Piezoelectric transducer and noise making device utilizing same |
IL40315A0 (en) * | 1971-10-27 | 1972-11-28 | American Optical Corp | Apparatus for sonic transcutaneous interrogation of a vessel in vivo |
GB1554349A (en) * | 1976-11-01 | 1979-10-17 | Stanford Res Inst Int | Variable focus ultrasonic transducer means |
GB2006434B (en) * | 1977-10-20 | 1982-03-03 | Rca Corp | Switchable depth of focus pulse-echo ultra-sonic imaging display system |
US4546459A (en) * | 1982-12-02 | 1985-10-08 | Magnavox Government And Industrial Electronics Company | Method and apparatus for a phased array transducer |
GB2144308B (en) * | 1983-07-27 | 1986-09-17 | Db Instrumentation Limited | Electro-acoustic transducer element |
JPS62126874A (ja) * | 1985-11-27 | 1987-06-09 | Taga Denki Kk | 超音波振動子 |
US4703214A (en) * | 1985-11-27 | 1987-10-27 | Taga Electric Co., Ltd. | Ultrasonic vibrator and its drive control method |
US4672592A (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1987-06-09 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Shaded transducer |
GB2201318B (en) * | 1987-02-12 | 1990-10-24 | Udi Group Ltd | Electromechanical transducer |
-
1988
- 1988-09-30 DE DE3833234A patent/DE3833234C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1989
- 1989-09-29 GB GB8921990A patent/GB2223377B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-09-29 IT IT8967838A patent/IT1232453B/it active
-
1990
- 1990-01-26 EP EP90101577A patent/EP0438623B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1141962A (fr) * | 1954-12-03 | 1957-09-12 | Electroacustic Gmbh | Appareil émetteur et récepteur ou récepteur d'ondes sonores dans l'eau |
US3800270A (en) * | 1972-07-12 | 1974-03-26 | Johnson Service Co | Piezoelectric acoustical transducer for transmitting and receiving |
FR2278217A1 (fr) * | 1974-07-10 | 1976-02-06 | Schlumberger Prospection | Transducteur acoustique |
US4168628A (en) * | 1977-10-20 | 1979-09-25 | Rca Corporation | Pulse-echo ultrasonic-imaging display system having time-varied effective aperture |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4134456A1 (de) * | 1991-10-18 | 1993-04-22 | Klaus Brankamp System Prozessa | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur messung der kraftwirkung in einem mechanisch belasteten maschinenteil |
CN100432004C (zh) * | 2007-01-16 | 2008-11-12 | 中船重工海声科技有限公司 | 压电陶瓷球壳制作方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3833234A1 (de) | 1990-04-12 |
EP0438623B1 (fr) | 1995-10-25 |
DE3833234C2 (de) | 1995-03-16 |
GB2223377B (en) | 1993-06-02 |
GB2223377A (en) | 1990-04-04 |
IT8967838A0 (it) | 1989-09-29 |
GB8921990D0 (en) | 1989-11-15 |
IT1232453B (it) | 1992-02-17 |
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