EP0415156A1 - Procédé et appareil pour commander une ouvreuse des balles - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour commander une ouvreuse des balles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0415156A1
EP0415156A1 EP90115424A EP90115424A EP0415156A1 EP 0415156 A1 EP0415156 A1 EP 0415156A1 EP 90115424 A EP90115424 A EP 90115424A EP 90115424 A EP90115424 A EP 90115424A EP 0415156 A1 EP0415156 A1 EP 0415156A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bale
row
bales
removal
sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90115424A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0415156B1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Gloor
Jost Aebli
Jürg Faas
Heinz Biber
Christoph Staeheli
Martin Kyburz
Peter Anderegg
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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Priority claimed from DE19893926482 external-priority patent/DE3926482A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19893943322 external-priority patent/DE3943322A1/de
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
Publication of EP0415156A1 publication Critical patent/EP0415156A1/fr
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01GPRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G7/00Breaking or opening fibre bales
    • D01G7/06Details of apparatus or machines
    • D01G7/10Arrangements for discharging fibres

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for operating a bale removal machine with a removal member, in which the height profile of a row of bales is determined by means of at least one sensor directed at the bale surface and used to control the position of the removal member during the subsequent bale removal, and a device for carrying out this method .
  • European application 85 115 579 (publication number 193 647) of the present applicant describes a method for removing fiber flakes from textile fiber bales, in which the infeed for each removal movement along the row of bales is selected according to the bale hardness in the different areas of the bale.
  • This version takes into account the fact that bales have a different density, ie hardness, and in such a way that the hardness in the upper and lower area of the bale is lower than in the middle area, so that the infeed depth in the upper and lower area may be greater than in middle range.
  • this document also does not describe the determination of the hardness of the bales.
  • bale removal machine In practice, however, this is of greater importance, at least if you always want to operate a bale removal machine at the upper limits of performance in order to economically maintain maximum production. You can work with empirical values for the hardness of the individual bales, but in many cases this is not very accurate. For example, when creating a bale row from bales of different provenances (called components), something is often manually removed from the higher bales of a component and placed on lower bales of the same component. This falsifies the assumed hardness distribution for the individual bales. Furthermore, bales of different provenances come from different areas by definition, they are therefore pressed together with different systems and have different fiber properties, so that the hardness distribution of the bales of different provenances is also different.
  • components what is often manually removed from the higher bales of a component and placed on lower bales of the same component. This falsifies the assumed hardness distribution for the individual bales.
  • bales of different provenances come from different areas by definition, they are
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the method and the device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that one can work more economically overall, taking into account the hardness of the individual bales or components of the bale row, this hardness preferably already during the Determination of the height profile should be determined at the same time.
  • the received signal of the preferably optical, acoustic or radar wave sensor is processed to obtain a signal corresponding to the bale hardness, and that the infeed and possibly also the penetration depth of the removal member is controlled or regulated in accordance with this hardness signal .
  • the invention therefore works with a measuring sensor, which is also attached to the boom or the tower supporting the boom and is moved over the bale row at a uniform height during the height sensing.
  • the signals generated in this way are then also evaluated according to the invention for determining the bale hardness in the surface area immediately below the measuring sensor, in which case the infeed can also be determined precisely using this relatively precise information with regard to the Desire to achieve or maintain the highest possible production.
  • the infeed i.e. the amount by which the entire removal member is moved down for the next processing of the row of bales, but also the depth of penetration of the removal member, i.e.
  • the amount by which the working elements, for example teeth of the removal member, move through the assigned grate stretching depends on the hardness of the bale to be removed, so that the present invention makes it possible to optimally adapt both the infeed and the penetration depth to the respective bale hardness.
  • the sensor signal into a hardness signal. If the hardness of the surface areas of the bale is high, the sound energy density recovered is greater than if it were a softer bale surface.
  • the hardness of the surface area can thus be derived from the amplitude of the received signal, the decrease in amplitude having to be taken into account with increasing distance between the measuring sensor and the bale surface.
  • the hardness signal is preferably determined from the fluctuations, in particular from the amplitude fluctuations of the sensor signals. This can be done, for example, by determining the hardness signal by summing the deviations of the sensor signal from the mean value of this signal which are provided with positive signs. Also generally applicable mathematical algorithms are known which make it possible to obtain the mean amplitude fluctuations of the sensor signals from these signals, the sensor signal being sampled with a frequency higher than the fundamental frequency of the signal, ie the fundamental frequency of the fluctuating or sensor signals.
  • the bale surface is scanned at various successive points. This is necessary because the time interval between successive measurements must be chosen to be long enough to take into account the transit time of the ultrasound signal and the transit time of the electronic signals. There must also be a certain safety margin between successive measurements so that the ultrasonic vibrations of one measurement can subside before the next measurement is made.
  • the hardness can be determined separately for each bale or for each component of the bale row. Thus, in the subsequent processing of the bales, a different infeed depth or reach-through depth can be selected for each bale or for each component.
  • the transfer of parts of one bale to another bale does not lead to any particular disruption to the working process, since the hardness of the bale surface is always measured up to date.
  • both the height profile and the hardness profile can be determined according to the invention with each pass.
  • bale removal machines in which bale rows are arranged on both sides of the bale removal machine, it is also possible to determine the height profile and the hardness profile of the one bale row while the other bale row is being removed.
  • the height profile scanned during a first pass of the removal member along a row of bales is preferably read into a computer which, on the basis of this height profile and the calculated hardness profile, calculates a delivery profile which changes over the length of the row of bales and in which the production takes into account the desired mixing ratio the provenance of the individual bales is kept almost at a maximum.
  • the computer is preferably programmed in such a way that, in the case of several passes, it endeavors to remove all bales in accordance with the hardness measured and the desired mixing ratio in such a way that at the end of the day the whole row is removed without any significant bale residues.
  • Such a method facilitates the subsequent installation of a new row of bales and simplifies the subsequent removal of the new row of bales; this avoids unnecessary restrictions on the height and hardness of the new bale row.
  • the computer works in such a way that it always strives for a depth of infeed or a depth of infeed profile that is more and more approximated to a horizontal line. To achieve this, of course, certain small losses in production must be accepted. Overall, however, these are less than the losses which occur without the method according to the invention.
  • a further increase in the utilization of the bale removal machine can be achieved in that the removal of the bale row already takes place in the first pass with simultaneous detection of the height profile, the removal member being constantly adjusted to the bale height in the first pass.
  • the determination of the height of the bale simultaneously with the detachment of fiber flakes from the surface of the bale is known per se from DE-PS 33 35 793.
  • two sensors are used there, which are arranged at different heights and parallel to the surface of the row of bales. These sensors enable neither a very precise determination of the height profile of the fiber bales nor a determination of the hardness of the bales.
  • the removal device is constantly adjusted to the bale height in the first pass in order to prevent sudden height steps from overloading the removal machine, it is possible to determine optimal passage height curves for subsequent passes, taking into account the height profile determined with this first pass and the corresponding hardness profile. on the one hand to achieve an almost maximum production and on the other hand in the last Passage to be at a minimum height.
  • the procedure according to the invention is preferably such that the actual value of the flake flow is determined on the basis of the infeed depth and the respective hardness signal and the infeed depth in order to adhere to the specified or a maximum flocculation is regulated.
  • the actual value of the flake flow corresponds to the product of the infeed depth with the hardness signal, whereby of course geometric constants, such as the width of the bale row and the movement speed of the bale removal machine along the bale row, must be taken into account.
  • the accuracy of the fiber mixture resulting from the various components is improved, particularly in those spinning mills in which the mixing ratio is primarily determined by the work of the bale removal machine.
  • the method according to the invention also offers the possibility of determining the beginning or the end of the row of bales and, if appropriate, the presence and the length of gaps between the bales of the row by means of the sensor signal.
  • the sensor signal is reflected from the ground or from the bale carrier, which has a known distance from the measuring sensor and can therefore be easily recognized by the sensor signal.
  • the ground or a bale carrier are very hard objects compared to the bales, so that in this area the amplitude fluctuations of the Sensor signal are low, whereby the presence of the soil or the bale carrier and also the vertical bale boundaries can or can be determined from the sensor signal.
  • the acoustic signal emitted by the measuring sensor reflects with relatively small losses on the floor or on the carrier, reflects again on the measuring sensor or on the boom and then is received again by the measuring sensor after being reflected again on the ground.
  • the double signal i.e. the reception signal after the first reflection and the reception signal after the second reflection on the ground represent a special characteristic for the ground or bale carrier.
  • the method according to the invention is preferably characterized in such a way that a signal proportional to the travel path of the removal member along the row of bales is generated and by the computer when calculating the high profile or the infeed depth profile or the hardness profile is taken into account.
  • the corresponding signal which is proportional to the travel path of the removal member, can be generated by the drive itself in the case of a form-fitting and slip-free drive of the tower along the row of bales, for example by means of chains and sprockets.
  • a gear wheel or a perforated disk can be coupled to the shaft of the drive motor for the travel movement, the gear wheel or the perforated disk serving as a counting wheel and functioning together with an initiator as a pulse generator, the pulses of which are fed to the microprocessor via a line.
  • impulses indicate the travel path of the removal device, ie they are proportional to it.
  • the microprocessor or the controller is thus informed at all times of the exact position of the removal member in the longitudinal direction of the bale removal machine.
  • the required signals can be reliably determined by a path determination device that is independent of the slippage.
  • a path determination device that is independent of the slippage.
  • the present invention provides a travel path measuring device, in particular for a bale removal machine with a non-slip-free drive system and with a mobile tower which can be moved along a row of bales by means of the drive system, characterized by an elongated part which extends along the row of bales and which is either fixedly arranged or connected to the tower and moves with it, by a scanning device which, depending on the arrangement of the elongated part, either along the mobile tower or at a specific point the row of bales is arranged, the elongated part scans slip-free during the movement of the tower and every time the tower emits a pulse, and by a counting device which counts the pulses and generates a signal proportional to the route.
  • the elongate part consists of a rail and the scanning device consists of a wheel which, arranged on the tower, rolls along the rail without slippage, a pulse generator for delivering pulses being coupled to the wheel.
  • the scanning device consists of a wheel which, arranged on the tower, rolls along the rail without slippage, a pulse generator for delivering pulses being coupled to the wheel.
  • Another possibility is to form the elongated part by means of a chain which is attached to the tower and can be deflected around deflection devices at both ends of the row of bales during a circular movement caused by the movement of the tower along the row of bales.
  • a scanning device is used, which is formed by a chain wheel which can be driven by the chain, a pulse generator for delivering pulses with the a fixed point of the row of bales arranged sprocket is coupled.
  • a very economical arrangement is achieved if the chain wheel is formed by one of the deflection devices.
  • Another possibility is to form the elongated part by means of a structure having regularly repeating narrower and wider areas, for example by means of a perforated rail or a tightly tensioned chain or an elongated structure having teeth and gaps, this structure being provided by a light barrier or inductive scanning device, or can be scanned by a mechanical switch device whose receiving circuit emits the pulses.
  • An elongated structure of this type which modulates the output signal of the scanning device, can in particular extend along and be fastened to the flock transport channel (suction channel) of a bale removal machine.
  • Such attachment of the elongated structure saves space and is generally possible, without causing disturbing restrictions, with respect to the other necessary parts of a bale removal machine.
  • a track measuring device according to the invention can be retrofitted to an existing bale removal machine in this way.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the travel path measuring device is characterized in that the repetition length of the structure is relatively large, for example more than about 10 cm, and that at a known, preferably constant driving speed, longitudinal measurements in the area between two successive pulses can be carried out by an interpolating device.
  • this structure can be produced very inexpensively, but the invention makes it possible Measurement of length units that are much smaller than the repetition length.
  • a time interval between the device monitoring the pulse is preferably provided. If, for example, the tower runs along the row of bales at a known constant speed, this monitoring device must determine the same time interval between two successive pulses. If the device determines that this time interval is not constant, then it is known that the validity of interpolated longitudinal measurements between the two points of the structure which generated the assigned impulses is suspect. You can therefore ignore these values or weight them differently depending on the intended use of the measurements so that the inaccuracy is taken into account.
  • a device of this type has the advantage that the measurement can be carried out again with the expected accuracy with the next pulses, since the extent of incorrect measurements due to interpolation errors is limited by the rigid association between the pulses and the parts of the structure generating the pulses.
  • the counting device and / or the interpolating device and / or the monitoring device is formed by a microprocessor or are.
  • the counting, interpolating and monitoring functions can then be implemented by appropriate programming of the microprocessor, preferably the microprocessor which is responsible for controlling the entire bale removal machine, the available information being able to be evaluated in the best possible way.
  • the microprocessor preferably the microprocessor which is responsible for controlling the entire bale removal machine, the available information being able to be evaluated in the best possible way.
  • an interpolation device implemented by the microprocessor will always know whether acceleration or deceleration of the tower movement has been initiated and take these different operating states into account when carrying out the interpolation.
  • a machine 1 for removing fiber flakes comprises a removal member 2, a machine frame 3 and a flake transport 4.
  • the removal member 2 itself comprises a cantilever or a housing construction 5, in which a rotating removal roller 6 is drivably mounted.
  • this housing construction 5 the fiber flakes removed from the fiber bales 7 by the removal roller 6 are further picked up and further conveyed into the flake transport 4 by ways not shown.
  • the housing construction 5 can be moved up and down in the direction of the arrow A by means of rollers 9 rotatably fastened to it and guided in guide rails 8 of the machine frame 3. In the figure, however, only one pair of rollers and only one rail 8 is shown; the rollers and rails provided on the opposite side in the same way are not visible.
  • the housing construction 5 has a driver 10 which is firmly connected to a chain 11 of a chain drive 12.
  • the chain drive 12 further comprises an upper, rotatable mounted sprocket 13 for the deflection of the chain 11 and a lower sprocket 14 for driving this chain 11.
  • the lower sprocket 14 is rotatably mounted on a drive shaft 15 of a transmission 16.
  • the chain drive 12, the transmission 16 and the electric motor 17 are referred to as a whole as a lifting device.
  • a gear 19 is rotatably mounted, which functions as a counting wheel together with an initiator 20 as a pulse generator, the pulses of which are fed via a line 21 to a microprocessor 22, which is particularly the case in FIG is shown.
  • the initiator 20 is commercially available and gives an impulse for each tooth of the gear 19 that passes.
  • the initiator 20 is provided to be stationary.
  • An upper limit switch 23 and a lower limit switch 24 are provided on the machine frame 3 for scanning the upper and lower end positions of the removal member.
  • the upper limit switch 23 is actuated by an upper surface 25 and the lower limit switch 24 by a lower surface 26 of the driver 10.
  • the upper limit switch 23 inputs its pulse via a line 27 and the lower limit switch 24 via a line 28 into the microprocessor 22.
  • a distance measuring sensor 30 is attached to the front side, ie the right side of the boom in FIG. 2. This consists of combined transmitter / receiver units and works in the present example on an ultrasound basis.
  • This distance measuring sensor can be, for example, a sensor of the Siemens type Act Sonar / Bero 3RG6044 / 3 MMOO. However, it can also be a sensor that works with a different measuring principle, for example an optical sensor or a sensor that works with radar waves.
  • the measuring beam 31 is directed onto the surface 32 of the bale row 7, ie perpendicular to it, the measuring beam detecting a 15 to 20 cm wide strip of the surface which, as shown in FIG. 3, is arranged approximately in the middle of the bale row.
  • a plurality of distance measuring sensors can also be provided, which are intended to detect different strip areas of the surface. If necessary, mean values for the bale height and hardness can be generated from the signals from several sensors.
  • the distance signal generated in the receiver part of the distance measuring sensor is fed to the microprocessor 22 via a line 33.
  • Another line 34 connects the electric motor 17 to the microprocessor 22.
  • the machine frame 3 is arranged by means of wheels 35 fastened to it and drivable on rails 36, which are fastened on the spinning floor 37, along the fiber bale row 7 (not shown) and can be moved over the flock transport 4. Since the wheels 35 are not slip-free working elements, a special device is provided in this example to determine the exact longitudinal position of the tower 3 along the bale row 7.
  • This is the light barrier 38, which consists of transmitter and receiver parts which are arranged on opposite sides on a perforated rail 39.
  • the perforated rail 39 has a plurality of holes with the same spacing from one another, the light barrier emitting a signal pulse as it passes each hole, which is fed to the microprocessor 22 via the line 41.
  • the microprocessor 22 is able to determine the exact position of the tower along the row of bales.
  • grate 40 with individual grate bars 42 located between the individual toothed wheels 81 of the removal member 6.
  • grate bars are well known and are described, for example, in German patent applications P 38 20 427.4 and P 38 27 517.1 of the applicant.
  • the bale row in the present example comprises five bales 43 to 47, which have different heights, the highest bale 47 on the right side of FIG. 2 and the lowest bale 43 on the left side of FIG 2 is arranged.
  • the bales 44 and 45 are of the same height and somewhat higher than the bale 43 and the bale 46 has a height which lies between those of the bales 45 and 47.
  • a gap 48 is shown between the bales 45 and 46, so that vertical bale boundaries 49 to 52 are provided at the beginning of the bale row, on both sides of the gap 48 and at the end of the bale row 7.
  • Fig. 3 shows that a similar row of bales can be arranged on the other side of the bale removal machine, provided that the tower 3 is a rotatable tower which can also work on the second side of the bale row.
  • Reference number 30.1 also makes it clear here that a height sensor can also be arranged on the side of the tower opposite the boom 5, so that during the removal of fiber flakes from that in FIG. 3 lower row with the sensor 30.1 the height profile and also the hardness profile of the bales of the right row can be determined in a time-saving manner.
  • FIG. 4A shows the distance measurement signal of the measurement sensor 30 (or 30.1) during a measurement run above the row of the bales set up.
  • the measuring sensor 30 determines the distance to the opposite surface by measuring the transit times of ultrasonic waves from it to the opposite surface (floor 37 or bale surface 32 and back.
  • the cantilever with sensor 30 is in this example at a constant height H above the 4 and the output signal of the distance measuring sensor is subtracted from this height H, so that the fluctuating signal of Fig. 4A finally represents the height of the bale surface above the ground.
  • the sensor 30 easily Determine the height profile of the bales to be removed at the end of the bale removal.
  • a further sensor corresponding to sensor 30 is identified with 30.2 and can measure the height profile after removal.
  • FIG. 4A is drawn on the same scale as FIG. 2, so that the correlation between the individual bales and the amplitude of the output signal of the distance measuring sensor 30 (or 30.1, 30.2) can be clearly seen.
  • the distance measuring sensor is located at the height H above the ground, and the actual output signal of the measuring sensor indicates the height H.
  • the beam from the sensor 32 now reaches the vertical bale boundary 49, as a result of which the distance between the sensor 32 and the reflecting surface, here the surface of the bale 43, is suddenly shortened and the overall amplitude of the signal increases.
  • the surface 43.1 of the bale 43 is sound-soft and is also a rough surface, the signal from the distance sensor exhibits large fluctuations with a relatively high frequency.
  • the amplitude fluctuations are not caused solely by fluctuations in the roughness of the surface of the bale 43, but rather by the fact that the measuring sensor always tries to deliver a clear measurement result and, due to the imprecise reflection of the sound beam on the sound-free surface of the bale 43, always delivers fluctuating measurement results. These fluctuations take place at a frequency which is far higher than indicated in FIG. 4A purely for the sake of illustration.
  • the measuring beam from the sensor 30 has reached the boundary between the bale 43 and the bale 44 and there is an amplitude jump upwards, while the signal itself has similar amplitude fluctuations as with the bale 43. It can be seen that the transition to the same high bale 45 the mean value of the signal remains approximately the same as that of bale 44, however the amplitudes of the fluctuations are somewhat smaller. These smaller fluctuations, for example at 45.1, indicate that the upper surface area of the Bale 45 is harder than the corresponding areas of bales 43 and 44.
  • the beam from sensor 30 strikes vertical bale boundary 50.1, ie the sensor measures the distance between it and ground 37 again, which is why the amplitude of the received signal falls back to zero at 57, ie to a level which corresponds to level 53.
  • the amplitude of the height signal rises again to a mean value that is even higher than the corresponding mean value of the signal in the area of the bale 45.
  • the signal shows considerable Amplitude fluctuations 46.1, which indicate that the bale 46 is also relatively soft here.
  • the boundary between the bale 46 and the bale 47 has been reached and the amplitude of the distance sensor rises again, which is also correct because the bale 47 is the highest of the bale row 7.
  • the amplitude of the height signal again decreases at the vertical bale boundary 52, which is identified by 52.1 in FIG. 4a.
  • the computer 22 determines an average value from the distance signal of FIG. 4a and the result of this averaging is shown in FIG. 4b.
  • Averaging by means of a computer is very well known per se, which is why this is not described separately here. It can be seen that the mean signal represents a very good reproduction of the height profile of the bale row 7 in FIG. 2, which is also intended.
  • the distance signal is also further processed by the computer 22 in order to obtain the hardness profile according to FIG. 4C.
  • This evaluation is carried out in such a way that the algebraic sum of the amplitude fluctuations from the mean is determined in a number of adjacent areas and then the reciprocal ken values are formed. These reciprocal values then represent the hardness of the individual areas. It can be seen that in areas 53, 57 and 59, where the distance measurement signal shows hardly any fluctuations, since the floor 37 reflects well, this is determined as a hard object, which is why the hardness signal is applied these points have a high amplitude 53.3, 57.3 and 59.3.
  • the balls 43 and 44 and 46 have roughly the same hardness and, as already explained, this hardness is low, which is why the hardness is relatively low in the corresponding areas 43.3, 44.3, 46.3 of the hardness profile according to FIG. 4C.
  • the bales 45 and 47 have a greater hardness, which is comparable in both cases, which is why in these areas 45.3 and 47.3 the hardness signal has a higher amplitude.
  • the infeed depth profile according to FIG. 4D is determined by the computer 22, taking into account the intended constants. It can be seen that the infeed is the same for the bale areas 43.4, 44.4 (because the hardness is the same) and has a relatively high amount of 10 mm. The delivery depth at 46.4 is also the same for bale 46. In contrast, the infeed depth in areas 45.4 and 47.4 is reduced to around 5 mm, since the surfaces of these bales are harder.
  • the infeed depth profile of FIG. 4D also includes areas 53.4, 57.4 and 59.4 where the infeed is zero because the floor is very hard and, in addition, no material is to be removed from the floor.
  • the penetration depth of the removal member 6 i.e. the distance between the radially lowermost points of the toothed disks 41 and the grate bars 42 should also be set according to the hardness of the bales, whereby the penetration depth should be smaller for harder bales and the penetration depth may be higher for softer bales.
  • the corresponding penetration depth profile for the bale row of FIG. 2 is shown in FIG. 4E, the individual segments of the profile having been brought into line with the individual bales by means of the numbering of the bale row and the addition .5.
  • the signals for the vertical position of the removal member or the boom 5 are, as already described, determined by the computer on the basis of the signals on the lines 27, 28 and 21, and the computer sends control commands for the height of the removal member to the motor 17 Line 34.
  • the signals from the longitudinal sensor 38 are read into the computer via line 41. If necessary, more values can be extrapolled to achieve a finer resolution.
  • the sensor system is activated by the computer in each case when the signal from the longitudinal sensor is either read in or when the value is extracted beforehand in order to store the measured value immediately returned by the sensor.
  • the distance measuring sensor 30 carries out distance measurements at regularly repeated time intervals and temporarily stores these dimensions in a buffer memory 60.
  • the computer 22 reads the stored values via line 33 at times which are determined by the signals from the longitudinal sensor 38. From the values thus read into the computer, the latter then determines the height profile 4B by averaging, the hardness profile 4C by the algebraic addition of the amplitude fluctuations, the infeed depth profile from the reciprocal values of the hardness profile and the penetration depth profile in accordance with the hardness profile and on the basis of constants recorded in the computer.
  • the profiles themselves are then stored in the computer 22 and can be permanently saved if desired.
  • FIG. 6 finally shows how the height profile of the bale row 7 from FIG. 2 is removed by successive work.
  • Fig. 6 it is assumed that one ablates simultaneously with the dimension of the height profile and first tries to maintain a constant ablation height so that the computer can correctly record data in any case.
  • This first pass is identified by 62.
  • the constant removal depth is chosen so low that the removal machine cannot be overloaded.
  • the computer determines the desired infeed depth for each bale during the next pass and checks whether the height profile is changed in an undesirable manner if these infeed depths are observed, so that larger vertical jumps occur. If this is not the case, the row of bales is removed according to the calculated infeed depth according to lines 63 ... 67. If, however, larger jumps appear, the maximum is removed from the higher places and something from the other areas less so that the height profile gradually becomes smoother.
  • the goal is to reach a horizontal line 68 at the lower end of the bale at the end passage so that all bales or bale remnants are of the same height, which ensures a good prerequisite for the removal of the next row of bales to be set up.
  • a simplified embodiment of the machine is also conceivable.
  • the removal member is gradually brought up to the surface of the bale.
  • the removal device is now set to a constant height, the value of which is calculated by the computer in such a way that on the one hand a maximum removal depth is not exceeded, but on the other hand the production is already possible is held high.
  • a small production loss can be accepted in this area.
  • the bale group is leveled at the latest from the sixth pass (reference number 75). It is therefore no longer necessary to switch off the feed motor in order to change the height of the removal member.
  • this method depends in part on whether the mixing ratios of the fibers are determined by the bale removal machine itself or whether the individual components are removed separately and led to individual mixing shafts, with the mixing ratios of the flakes ultimately in the mixing station and not be determined by the flake removal. If there are improper bale heights that in no way allow converging removal, this can be done by Computers are displayed, whereby the operator is prompted to partially remove or / or relocate the bales to create more favorable conditions.
  • a measuring system is preferred which ensures a slip-free measurement of the longitudinal position of the tower along the row of bales, regardless of whether slip occurs during operation of the tower when the tower is being driven.
  • a light barrier 38 which cooperates with a perforated rail 39, is mentioned as a concrete embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 Another possibility is shown in FIG. 8.
  • the rail 39 has been replaced by a rail 39.1 with an I-shaped cross section.
  • the rail 39.1 is fixedly attached to two flanges 82 and 84, for example by welding, in which a likewise vertically extending shaft is located in these flanges 86 is rotatably mounted.
  • a non-rotatable rubber wheel 88 is located on the shaft, which is pressed lightly against the longitudinal side 89 of one leg of the I-shaped rail 39.1. When the tower moves perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 8, the rubber wheel 88 therefore rolls on the longitudinal edge 89 and thus leads to a slip-free rotary movement of the shaft 86.
  • a perforated disk 90 ie a disk with a Row of holes in its circumferential area, so that a rotation of the rubber wheel moves to a rotation of the perforated disc 90, which is also connected to the shaft 86 in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • a light barrier 38.1 with transmitter and receiver parts encompasses the peripheral area of the perforated disk 90 and thus generates a pulse sequence corresponding to the sequence of holes and webs in the perforated disk when the perforated disk rotates on the shaft 86.
  • This pulse sequence is fed to the microprocessor 22 via line 41.1 and processed there, corresponding to signal 41 in FIGS. 1 to 5.
  • FIG. 10 shows a side view of a bale removal machine, in which the tower 3 runs between two end positions 96 and 98.
  • the tower is driven by the wheels 35.
  • Above the floor 37 there is a revolving chain 100 which is attached to the tower 3 at one point and runs at both ends via respective deflection wheels 102, 104.
  • the deflection gear 102 is rotatably mounted on a shaft 106 which is rotatably mounted in a C-shaped receptacle 108.
  • the deflection gear 104 is attached in a rotationally fixed manner on a shaft 110 which is rotatably mounted in a receptacle 112.
  • the chain is very long, it is used in the 10 interrupted at a point 100.1. 8 and 9 there is a perforated disk 90.3 on the shaft 106, which is fixed to the shaft 106 in a manner fixed against relative rotation. Within the C-shaped receptacle 108 there is a light barrier 38.3 which, when the perforated disk rotates, supplies a pulse train via line 41.3 to the microprocessor 22. It can be seen that when the tower 3 moves along the row of bales, the corresponding movement of the chain leads to a rotational movement of the shaft 106, this rotational movement being determined without slippage by the light barrier 38.3.
  • FIG. 11 shows a further embodiment in which a perforated rail 39.4 is fastened to the fiber suction channel 4 via brackets 114.
  • Circular holes 116 are arranged in the perforated rail 39.4 at a constant distance L. Since this fiber suction channel is very long, only its beginning is shown in FIG. 11.
  • This figure also shows a hint of a sliding cover 4.1 of the fiber suction channel, which ensures in a manner known per se that the fiber suction channel is closed, except where the tower feeds the removed fiber flakes into the channel.
  • an inductive proximity switch 38.4 is provided for scanning the row of holes 116, which is attached to the machine frame 3 of the bale removal machine and thus with the tower of the bale removal machine along the perforated rail 39.4, i.e. is moved along the row of bales.
  • the inductive proximity switch passes one of the holes 116, it generates a pulse, and this pulse train is applied to the microprocessor 22 via line 41.4 in accordance with the other embodiments.
  • Fig. 11 also shows an alternative embodiment in which a rod 118 with a regular, ie depressions 120 having a constant spacing are also fastened to the brackets 114.
  • a mechanical button 122 which is attached to the machine frame 3 of the tower of the bale removal machine and thus travels with it along the rod 114 and along the row of bales.
  • the mechanical pushbutton 122 has a plunger with a hemispherical end (not shown), which is pressed into the respective depression each time as it passes through the depressions 120 and is then pushed out again due to the relative movement and hermetic surface. Every time the plunger moves into a depression, a mechanical switching process is triggered, which moves electrical switching contacts and applies a corresponding pulse train to the microprocessor 22 via the line 41.5.
  • FIG. 12 shows an even simpler arrangement, in which rectangular sheet metal parts 124 are welded onto the fiber suction channel 4 at regular intervals at 126, so that the sheet metal parts form teeth 128 and gaps 130 therebetween.
  • a scanning device 39.6 designed as a light barrier is fastened via a C-shaped holder 132, the light barrier here also consisting of transmitting and receiving parts and due to the light beam extending between these two parts the relative movement through the vertical edges of the teeth 128 is periodically interrupted and released again. This generates a pulse train which is applied to the microprocessor 22 as before via line 41.6.
  • two adjacent holes can be formed into a longitudinal hole at both ends of the perforated rail, as a result of which the output signal of the corresponding scanning device is at a constant level and no longer switches on and off, as during a movement along the row of bales.
  • the box 140 represents an interpolating device, which consists of the signals read in via the line 41, 41.1, 41.2, 41.3, 41.4, 41.5 or 41.6 and the information available in the computer 22 about the speed or acceleration or deceleration of the movement of the tower along the bale row divides the time intervals between subsequent pulses so that the resulting time signals also serve as a measure of the longitudinal position of the tower along the bale row. If the speed of the movement is constant, the time intervals must be divided into constant units.
  • the computer 22 can have a monitoring device 142 which checks that when the next pulse arrives via the line 41-41.6, the longitudinal position calculated by the interpolating device corresponds to the position correctly marked by these pulses. If this is not the case, the longitudinal positions calculated between the last two pulses from line 41-41.6 are to be regarded as faulty and should therefore be ignored.
  • Box 144 shows the counting device, which counts the pulses via line 41-41.6 and / or from interpolating device 142 and thereby generates a signal proportional to the route.
  • the interpolating device 140, the monitoring device 142 and the counting device 144 are integrated in the computer 22, i.e. implemented in software. However, they can also represent separate units, i.e. be implemented as hardware.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
EP90115424A 1989-08-10 1990-08-10 Procédé et appareil pour commander une ouvreuse des balles Expired - Lifetime EP0415156B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3926482 1989-08-10
DE19893926482 DE3926482A1 (de) 1989-08-10 1989-08-10 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betrieb einer ballenabtragmaschine
DE19893943322 DE3943322A1 (de) 1989-12-29 1989-12-29 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betrieb einer ballenabtragmaschine
DE3943322 1989-12-29

Publications (2)

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EP0415156A1 true EP0415156A1 (fr) 1991-03-06
EP0415156B1 EP0415156B1 (fr) 1996-07-10

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EP90115424A Expired - Lifetime EP0415156B1 (fr) 1989-08-10 1990-08-10 Procédé et appareil pour commander une ouvreuse des balles

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US (2) US5105507A (fr)
EP (1) EP0415156B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH03220323A (fr)
DE (1) DE59010412D1 (fr)

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DE102005019526A1 (de) * 2005-04-27 2006-11-02 Hubert Hergeth Spurfräse
DE102005020506A1 (de) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-09 TRüTZSCHLER GMBH & CO. KG Vorrichtung an einem Streckwerk einer Spinnereimaschine, insbesondere Strecke, Karde, Kämmmaschine o. dgl., zur Belastung der Streckwerkswalzen, mit mindestens einem Druckmittelzylinder
WO2008092285A1 (fr) * 2007-01-31 2008-08-07 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Capteur à ondes centimétriques
US7610660B2 (en) 2006-10-11 2009-11-03 Truetzschler Gmbh & Co. Kg Apparatus on a drafting system of a spinning room machine, for weighting drafting system rollers
EP3239370A1 (fr) 2016-04-22 2017-11-01 Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG Procédé de détermination de position longitudinale et de positionnement longitudinal d'un organe de prélèvement d'une ouvreuse de balles et ouvreuse de balles

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DE4119888C2 (de) * 1991-06-17 2001-03-08 Truetzschler Gmbh & Co Kg Vorrichtung zum Abtragen des Fasergutes von Textilfaserballen aus Spinngut, z. B. Baumwolle, Chemiefasern u. dgl.
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DE4415796B4 (de) * 1994-05-05 2008-05-08 TRüTZSCHLER GMBH & CO. KG Ballenabtragverfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abtragen für in mindestens einer Reihe aufgestellten Faserballen
WO2000017427A1 (fr) * 1998-09-18 2000-03-30 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Procede pour extraire des blocs de fibres de balles a l'aide d'un dispositif d'ouverture de balle
WO2000049209A1 (fr) * 1999-02-17 2000-08-24 Lakshmi Machine Works Limited Raboteur de balles
DE102005039094B4 (de) * 2005-08-08 2009-03-19 Carl Zeiss Industrielle Messtechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Führen eines Maschinenteils entlang einer definierten Bewegungsbahn über einer Werkstücksoberfläche
WO2008037096A1 (fr) * 2006-09-26 2008-04-03 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Dispositif de prélèvement de fibres par grignotage
CH710258A1 (de) * 2014-10-16 2016-04-29 Rieter Ag Maschf Ballenöffner.
CH710257A1 (de) * 2014-10-16 2016-04-29 Rieter Ag Maschf Ballenöffner.
CN104674385A (zh) * 2015-03-06 2015-06-03 湖州吉昌丝绸有限公司 一种抓棉机抓手升降调节机构
CH712367A1 (de) * 2016-04-15 2017-10-31 Rieter Ag Maschf Verfahren zur Kalibrierung der Aufliegekraft eines Abtragorgans eines Ballenöffners und Ballenöffner.
CH712382A1 (de) * 2016-04-21 2017-10-31 Rieter Ag Maschf Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Ballenöffners und Ballenöffner.
DE102019004992A1 (de) * 2019-07-04 2021-01-07 Hubert Hergeth Fahrwerk
CN110637799B (zh) * 2019-08-23 2022-02-15 江苏大学 一种基于超声传感器的宽株距作物精准对靶施药装置及方法

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DE102005019526A1 (de) * 2005-04-27 2006-11-02 Hubert Hergeth Spurfräse
DE102005020506A1 (de) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-09 TRüTZSCHLER GMBH & CO. KG Vorrichtung an einem Streckwerk einer Spinnereimaschine, insbesondere Strecke, Karde, Kämmmaschine o. dgl., zur Belastung der Streckwerkswalzen, mit mindestens einem Druckmittelzylinder
US7603750B2 (en) 2005-04-29 2009-10-20 Truetzschler Gmbh & Co. Kg Apparatus on a drafting system of a spinning machine, especially a draw frame, carding machine, combing machine or the like, for weighting the drafting system rollers
US7610660B2 (en) 2006-10-11 2009-11-03 Truetzschler Gmbh & Co. Kg Apparatus on a drafting system of a spinning room machine, for weighting drafting system rollers
WO2008092285A1 (fr) * 2007-01-31 2008-08-07 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Capteur à ondes centimétriques
EP3239370A1 (fr) 2016-04-22 2017-11-01 Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG Procédé de détermination de position longitudinale et de positionnement longitudinal d'un organe de prélèvement d'une ouvreuse de balles et ouvreuse de balles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH03220323A (ja) 1991-09-27
EP0415156B1 (fr) 1996-07-10
DE59010412D1 (de) 1996-08-14
US5105507A (en) 1992-04-21
US5121418A (en) 1992-06-09

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