EP0410194A1 - Emetteur de télécommande - Google Patents

Emetteur de télécommande Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0410194A1
EP0410194A1 EP90113049A EP90113049A EP0410194A1 EP 0410194 A1 EP0410194 A1 EP 0410194A1 EP 90113049 A EP90113049 A EP 90113049A EP 90113049 A EP90113049 A EP 90113049A EP 0410194 A1 EP0410194 A1 EP 0410194A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
ball
remote control
control transmitter
inclination
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90113049A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0410194B1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Dipl.-Ing. Durst
Richard Kramer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nokia Deutschland GmbH
Original Assignee
Nokia Unterhaltungselektronik Deutschland GmbH
Nokia Deutschland GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nokia Unterhaltungselektronik Deutschland GmbH, Nokia Deutschland GmbH filed Critical Nokia Unterhaltungselektronik Deutschland GmbH
Publication of EP0410194A1 publication Critical patent/EP0410194A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0410194B1 publication Critical patent/EP0410194B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H29/00—Switches having at least one liquid contact
    • H01H29/20—Switches having at least one liquid contact operated by tilting contact-liquid container
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
    • H01H35/02—Switches operated by change of position, inclination or orientation of the switch itself in relation to gravitational field
    • H01H35/025—Switches operated by change of position, inclination or orientation of the switch itself in relation to gravitational field the switch being discriminative in different directions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C2201/00—Transmission systems of control signals via wireless link
    • G08C2201/30—User interface
    • G08C2201/32—Remote control based on movements, attitude of remote control device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
    • H01H9/0214—Hand-held casings
    • H01H9/0235—Hand-held casings specially adapted for remote control, e.g. of audio or video apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S200/00—Electricity: circuit makers and breakers
    • Y10S200/29—Ball

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a remote control transmitter, as it is used in particular for controlling consumer electronics devices via a wireless connection. So there are z. B. televisions, VCRs, audio equipment, slide or film projectors controlled.
  • a cursor On the screen of a television set, a cursor should be moved up and down in a vertical direction and moved back and forth in a horizontal direction.
  • Conventional remote control transmitters have four buttons for triggering such movements as function selection devices, one of which is used to trigger the aforementioned cursor movements.
  • a fifth key can be present, when pressed the cursor is moved back to the starting position, usually at the top left of the screen.
  • the four or five buttons represent a function selection device which outputs selection signals to a transmission circuit, depending on the function selected by pressing one of the buttons.
  • the transmission circuit sends coded transmission signals to a transmission element arrangement which is attached to one side of the housing.
  • the transmission element arrangement radiates in a preferred direction, which coincides with a direction of the housing, which is referred to below as the longitudinal direction of the housing.
  • the coded signals are received by the device to be operated and according to the received code selected function is executed, e.g. B. moves a cursor in a desired direction.
  • Remote control transmitters are much more user-friendly than the well-known remote control transmitters mentioned. These are designed so that the encoder can be moved in a certain way to select a function, for.
  • the housing is to be tilted with the longitudinal axis upwards if a cursor is to be moved up, to be inclined with the longitudinal axis downwards if the cursor is to be moved downwards, or the longitudinal axis is horizontally to the left or to the right to rotate a vertical axis to cause the cursor to move left or right.
  • no button can be released to make a function selection.
  • Such a remote control transmitter is e.g. B. described in US-A-4,565,999.
  • a similar remote control transmitter which, however, still has a trigger button, which triggers the transmitter's transmitter operation only when it is actuated, in order thereby to protect the transmitter's battery, is known from US-A-4,745,402.
  • the volume of stereo speakers can be adjusted. If the volume of the left loudspeaker is to be increased, the remote control transmitter is not directed centrally at the associated control unit, but is turned horizontally to the left, imitating a reading of the left loudspeaker. If a release button is then pressed, the volume is increased as long as the button is pressed. When the button is released and pressed again, the volume is reduced again. If the volume of the right loudspeaker is to be changed, the remote control transmitter is swiveled horizontally to the right in relation to the direct direction to the control unit. So by turning the remote control transmitter back and forth the respective speakers can be selected and by pressing the trigger button you can switch back and forth between lowering and increasing the volume.
  • Remote control transmitters which allow the simple operation mentioned, in which no different buttons have to be pressed in order to select different functions, are of a relatively complicated structure since they have to generate a radiation field which is defined in a fairly precise direction and which is also directionally selective by a receiver on the control device to be operated must be received. Accordingly, there was the problem of specifying a remote control transmitter which is simple in structure and which does not require a directionally selective receiver to receive its signals.
  • the remote control transmitter has a tilt switch device which is arranged in the housing and is designed such that it emits at least four different selection signals depending on the inclination of the housing, specifically a first selection signal when the housing is tilted forward, - a second selection signal when the position is tilted backwards, - A third selection signal when the position is tilted to the left about the longitudinal axis of the housing and - A fourth selection signal when the position is tilted to the right about the longitudinal axis of the housing.
  • a fifth selection signal is preferably emitted, namely when the housing is essentially in a horizontal position.
  • the remote control transmitter has a conventional transmission circuit that supplies coded transmission signals to a conventional transmission element arrangement.
  • the remote control transmitter makes use of a knowledge of the relationships between different spatial movements, namely that a movement of an object, for example to the left, can be carried out not only by linearly moving the object to the left, but also by rolling the object to the left.
  • the result of this is the knowledge that the pivoting of a guide beam to the left and the twisting of the guide beam about its longitudinal axis to the left are movements which are related. If, according to the above example, a cursor is to be moved to the left in a horizontal plane, the movement of a remote control transmitter which is directly associated with it is that of the pivoting of the transmitter to the left in a horizontal plane.
  • a tilting movement of the remote control transmitter about its longitudinal axis to the left is an indirectly associated movement.
  • the known remote control transmitter used the direct connection between movement of the cursor and remote control transmitter, so z.
  • the remote control transmitter according to the invention uses the indirect connection described for the case just mentioned, namely tilting the remote control transmitter about its longitudinal axis to the left when a cursor movement is desired horizontally to the left.
  • tilt switch devices are given in the dependent claims.
  • operational safety is an optical device with a ball, which, depending on the inclination of the housing, runs into one of five stable positions in which the ball is held until the inclination is changed again so much that the current ball stop location is left and a newer is reached.
  • light receivers are arranged which no longer receive radiation when the ball is in the associated ball holding location.
  • the light transmitter can also be arranged separately and light receivers are located in at least four ball holding locations.
  • the application of the remote control transmitter according to the invention is not limited to the adjustment of a cursor. This example is for illustration only. As mentioned at the beginning, it is a remote control transmitter that can be used for any remote control tasks. Depending on the inclination set in each case, an associated coded signal is transmitted which, in accordance with the respective code, triggers an associated function in the device to be controlled.
  • FIG. 1a and 1b show a schematic representation of the side view of a remote control transmitter which, in the case of FIG. 1a, is pivoted upwards from its horizontal position with its front side upward and in the case of FIG. 1b from the horizontal position the angle of inclination a is pivoted downwards.
  • the encoder housing 1 is cut open along a vertical plane through the longitudinal axis 2 of the remote control transmitter, so that the essential components of the remote control transmitter can be shown schematically.
  • Transmitter elements 4, a transmitter 5, a pushbutton 6, a plurality of tilt switches 7, 8, 9, which form a function selection device 17, and an evaluation circuit 10 are arranged on a plate 3 immovably connected to the transmitter housing.
  • the transmitter 5 and the evaluation circuit 10 together form a transmission circuit.
  • the remote control transmitter contains a battery 11 for the power supply.
  • the tilt switches 7, 8 and 9 have a rest position, which exists when their main axis 12 is parallel to the direction of gravity 13. If one of the tilt switches, e.g. B. the tilt switch 7, pivoted from its rest position 14 in a certain direction 15 into a position 16 inclined to the rest position 14 by an angle a, the angle of inclination a of which is greater than a trigger angle a, then generated this tilt switch an output signal.
  • a function selector 17 designed with such switches can pivot the remote control transmitter from its horizontal position, which represents the reference operating position of the remote control transmitter with respect to all pivoting movements for controlling a remote-controlled electrical device, by its Identify output signals.
  • the evaluation circuit 10 forms signals from the output signals generated by the inclination switches of the remote control transmitter, which signals are converted by the transmitter 5 into coded transmission signals for the transmission elements 4.
  • the user of the remote control transmitter holds it in one hand in such a way that with the thumb 18 of this hand he can actuate the pushbutton 6 of a switch 19 of the remote control transmitter which protrudes from the transmitter housing 1.
  • the function selector 17 of the remote control transmitter is switched on, so that it can recognize a pivot position of the remote control transmitter held in the hand as a result of a pivoting movement of the hand of the user and can form a control command therefrom.
  • the plate 3 surrounded by the transmitter housing 1 of the remote control transmitter and the inclination switch 8 arranged on this plate are shown in broken lines, which is effective in the lateral inclination of the encoder housing shown in FIG. 1c from the horizontal and at an angle of inclination a is greater than the trigger angle a0, generates an output signal.
  • the transmission circuit 10, 5 determines therefrom that the remote control transmitter is in the reference operating position, that is to say in a horizontal position, and generates an output signal assigned to the rest position of the remote control transmitter, which is also used as a control command, which leads to the transmission of a signal to the device to be controlled remotely.
  • the reference numerals 7, 8 and 9 are shown schematically.
  • the function selection device 17 contains a fifth inclination switch which, in the case of a position whose angular deviation of the longitudinal axis 2 of the inclination switch from the gravitational direction 13 is less than the trigger angle a0 of the other four inclination switches, generates an output signal regardless of the direction and thus a position around the rest position of the remote control transmitter.
  • the elements which determine the inclination of the remote control transmitter relative to a reference operating position of the remote control transmitter are direction-dependent sensors which determine the angle deviating from the direction of gravity and generate an electrical output signal which is dependent on the amount of the angular offset.
  • FIGS. 3-6 some exemplary embodiments of a function selection device 17 of remote control transmitters with tilt switches are explained in more detail.
  • a section of a circuit board 3 is shown in FIG. 3 at the location of the function selection device 17 of a remote control transmitter.
  • the circuit board 3 contains an axially symmetrical recess 20, the edges 21 of which slightly into the recess 20 are arched into it.
  • a narrower contact element 22 is attached to each edge in the middle, and a wider contact element 23 is attached to the left and right thereof.
  • a ball 24 shown in broken lines in the drawing is mounted in the horizontal plate. In this position, the highly conductive surface 25 (FIGS.
  • the ball 24 thus forms, with the central contact elements 22, an inclination switch for identifying an approximately horizontal rest position of the remote control transmitter.
  • the four corners of the square recess 20 of the circuit board 3 point in the four directions in which the remaining four tilt switches are effective.
  • the contact elements 23 at the corners of each two colliding edges 21 of the recess form, together with the ball 20, a further inclination switch, the contact elements of which are not electrically connected by the ball in the rest position of the remote control transmitter.
  • a cover cap 27 is fastened in recesses 26 of the plate 3, which is indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 3 and seen from the side in FIGS. 4a and 4b is shown cut open.
  • the cap 27 contains a stop edge 28 which limits the run of the ball 20 and leads if necessary.
  • the curved design of the edges 21 of the recess 20 also contributes to better guidance of the ball 24 in the individual directions of action.
  • the one contacts of the five tilt switches are connected in the illustrated embodiment, together with the switch 19 of the remote control transmitter, via electrical lines 29; the other contact elements of these tilt switches are individually connected to an evaluation circuit 10.
  • FIG. 4a shows, in a side view, the position of the ball 24, which is the common switching element of the function switches 17 formed by the five tilt switches, in the horizontal rest position of the remote control transmitter, in which the main axis 12 of the switch arrangement shown is parallel to the direction of gravity 13 runs.
  • FIG. 4b shows the switch arrangement shown in FIG. 4a in a position of the remote control transmitter which is inclined upwards by the angle a, in which the ball 24 abuts the stop 28 of the cover cap 27.
  • the angle of inclination a is greater than the trigger angle a0, in which the center of gravity of the ball 24 just penetrates the vertical plane through the support points of the ball on the edges 21 of the recess 20 in the plate 3.
  • the section of a circuit board 3 of a remote control transmitter shown in FIG. 5 contains a function selection device 17, in which a ball 24 is likewise mounted in a recess 30 in the circuit board.
  • the circular recess 30 is covered by the ball 24 and shown in dashed lines.
  • four voice coils 31 are arranged in a ring shape on the circuit board 3, ie one voice coil in front of and behind and to the right and left next to the cutout 30 in the circuit board 3 of the remote control transmitter in the view of the open encoder housing. Any of these Voice coils 31 are connected to an associated electric oscillator 32.
  • the oscillators 32 are set so that they generate an electrical oscillation in the rest position of the ball 24, in which it is mounted in the recess 30.
  • the vibration breaks off.
  • Guide rods 33 arranged on the circuit board ensure that the ball 24 approaches only one voice coil when the remote control transmitter pivots, so that the oscillation of only one oscillator is interrupted.
  • the oscillators 32 are connected to an evaluation circuit 10, which generates a selection signal for the transmitter 5 which is dependent on the inclination of the remote control transmitter, for the transmission of a coded signal to an electrical device to be operated remotely.
  • the ball 24 and the voice coils 31 are protected and secured by a cover cap, not shown in the drawing.
  • a liquid function selection device 17 is shown schematically.
  • This device is arranged on the circuit board 3, which is fixed in position in the transmitter housing of a remote control transmitter, and contains a large, plate-shaped center contact 36 at the bottom of its sealed housing 35.
  • Four contact elements are arranged in a ring around the edge on the top wall of the switch housing 35 opposite the floor 37 arranged much smaller area.
  • the switch housing contains a non-wetting, electrically conductive liquid 41, in the amount that it covers only one of the contact elements 37 when the printed circuit board 3 is in a vertical position.
  • the conductive liquid wets the contact element 37, which is the direction of the inclination of the circuit board 3 and thus the direction of the inclination of the remote control transmitter is assigned and thus creates a conductive connection between the center contact 36 and this contact element 37, so that the tilt switch thus formed is closed in an electrically conductive manner.
  • the four contact elements 37 of the liquid function selection device 17, of which only three are shown in the drawing, are connected to an evaluation circuit 10, which forms a direction-dependent output signal from the signals transmitted via the contacts, which is converted by the transmitter 5 into a coded transmission signal and then transmitted.
  • Mercury is particularly suitable as the conductive, non-wetting liquid 41 in the switch housing 35, which has a high flow damping because of its inertia and heaviness.
  • the switch housing 35 contains any flow damping agent.
  • a function selection device 17 This consists of a ball guide housing 50, a ball K, a light-emitting photodiode D and three light-sensitive phototransistors P1-P3.
  • the ball guide housing 50 consists of a cylindrical wall made of plastic, a plastic base and a metallic cover. The photodiode D and the phototransistors P1-P3 are inserted in the bottom of the housing.
  • the ball guide housing 50 is divided into four quadrants arranged symmetrically to the central axis. There is a recess in the center of the floor and in three of the four quadrants.
  • the photodiode D is located in the central recess, and the phototransistors P1-P3 are located in the quadrant recesses.
  • the inner wall of the housing is made partially cylindrical, with a cylinder radius that corresponds essentially to the radius of the sphere. This design is used to guide and hold the ball in different positions.
  • a pyramid-shaped recess 51 is also used, which is oriented so that its tip points downwards into the center of the central recess and its four base corners point in the direction of the four quadrants.
  • the baseline of the pyramid is approximately equal to the ball diameter.
  • the inclination of the side surfaces of the pyramid in connection with the diameter of the central recess and the ball diameter determine the tipping angle.
  • the stops on the quadrants are partially cylindrical in shape with approximately the radius of the ball, as a result of which the ball is securely caught and fixed.
  • the inwardly projecting tips between the partial cylinders of the quadrant force the ball K into the nearest quadrant, since the tips in connection with the flat side surfaces of the pyramid do not allow a stable intermediate layer. So it is possible to move the ball K from one quadrant directly to an adjacent one without having to go through the center position.
  • the starting point is the stable center position, i.e. the position that is assumed when the remote control transmitter is horizontal.
  • the sphere has four support points marked by crosses on the pyramid surfaces.
  • the inclination of the surfaces is designed so that the runway has a slight slope to a quadrant after the ball has been tipped out, so that the ball is accelerated there.
  • a rightward roll is illustrated in FIG.
  • the ball rolls along the pyramid edge on initially parallel runways on the surfaces, then continues on the base edges of the pyramid that converge at right angles.
  • the slope effectively increases as the transition from the parallel taxiways to the base edges, causing a kink in the rail gradient. Before these edges meet in the corner, the contact surface of a quadrant is reached.
  • the kink in the gradient delays the tilting back when the function selection device 17 is pivoted back until the runway has a sufficient gradient to the center again in order to accelerate the ball K there. This ensures that the ball can only occupy 5 stable resting positions, which are referred to below as ball resting places. Due to their design, the ball cannot stand still on the connecting paths, which ensures unambiguous switching behavior.
  • This three-bit signal is a selection signal output by the function selection device 17, which indicates that the function to be selected is that which is assigned to the position of the remote control transmitter which is tilted to the left.
  • the remaining three-bit selection signals for the other possible stable positions of the ball are listed in FIG. 10.
  • the photodiode D can continuously emit light, but it is advantageous if the remote control transmitter has a switch 19, as shown in Fig. 1. In this case, the diode is only activated when the switch 19 is actuated. A corresponding wiring of the function selection Direction is shown in Fig. 11. From this it can be seen that the photodiode D is in series with the switch 19, so that it is only supplied with voltage when it is closed. Closing the switch also activates a decoder in an analog multiplexer 52. This converts the respective three-bit selection signal from the function selection device 17 into one of five signals which are transmitted to an IR transmitter IC 53 on a respectively assigned line . This ensures different coding of a transmission signal depending on which of the five lines a signal is supplied to. With the coded transmission signal, the transmission elements 4 are controlled via a driver circuit.
  • the photodiode D was an IR diode of the CQY 36 N type
  • the phototransistors P1-P3 were of the BPW 17 N type
  • the analog multiplexer 52 was of the 4051 type
  • As transmitting elements 4 IR diodes were used, as are common for this purpose. The two diodes were arranged in such a way that one emitted upwards in relation to the longitudinal axis 2 and the other downwards. The angle of inclination corresponded to that which was also required in order to move the ball K from the middle ball rest location to an outer one, namely about 20 °.
  • the photodiode D can thus be located at any of the four spherical resting places shown. Accordingly, the three other spherical resting places are occupied by photo transistors. Four of the five spherical resting places can also be occupied by phototransistors; in this case a redundant signal is obtained.
  • the cover of the housing is designed to be reflective. This is not necessary if the photodiode is arranged on the cover and shines downwards.
  • a phototransistor can be arranged in the floor at each ball rest location. There is then no need for an analog multiplexer to decode a multi-bit signal in order to determine the current position of the ball, but the display of a phototransistor that it does not receive any light is then immediately a sign that the ball is in the associated ball resting place.
  • the transmission elements 4 do not necessarily have to be light-emitting elements, in particular IR elements, but it can also be completely different transmission elements, in particular ultrasound transmission elements.
  • the ball K can be made of any material if it is only sufficiently smooth and heavy to ensure a defined rolling.
  • the reflection behavior for light of the wavelength used is irrelevant.
  • the material of the ball guide housing 50 must be as opaque as possible for the light wavelength used and as dense as possible against external light.
  • the photosensitive elements must be arranged so that they are covered by the ball as well as possible this is located in the associated ball resting place. With the pattern illustrated with reference to FIGS. 7-12, over 40 dB level difference between light and dark was achieved. After deducting the possible scatter of approx. 15 dB there is still more than 25 dB signal change between light and dark. This means that logic modules can be safely controlled.
  • the functional reliability is thus considerably higher than using tilt switches in which contacts are closed mechanically, e.g. B. by a stationary ball.
  • a function selector with optical tilt switches is considerably more environmentally friendly than conventional tilt switches with mercury.
EP90113049A 1989-07-25 1990-07-09 Emetteur de télécommande Expired - Lifetime EP0410194B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3924551A DE3924551A1 (de) 1989-07-25 1989-07-25 Fernbedienungsgeber
DE3924551 1989-07-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0410194A1 true EP0410194A1 (fr) 1991-01-30
EP0410194B1 EP0410194B1 (fr) 1994-09-14

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EP90113049A Expired - Lifetime EP0410194B1 (fr) 1989-07-25 1990-07-09 Emetteur de télécommande

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Country Link
US (1) US5030955A (fr)
EP (1) EP0410194B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2866162B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3924551A1 (fr)

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ATE315211T1 (de) 1996-05-21 2006-02-15 Neigungssensorvorrichtung und -betriebsverfahren
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JP3651757B2 (ja) * 1998-12-07 2005-05-25 パイオニア株式会社 リモコン装置及び車載用ナビゲーション装置
JP2002538706A (ja) * 1999-02-26 2002-11-12 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ 遠隔制御ユニットおよびシステム
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US7326867B2 (en) * 2005-01-18 2008-02-05 Signalquest, Inc. Omnidirectional tilt and vibration sensor
US7326866B2 (en) * 2005-01-18 2008-02-05 Signalquest, Inc. Omnidirectional tilt and vibration sensor
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DE102005048386A1 (de) * 2005-10-10 2007-04-12 Huber Und Brendel Inhaber: Wolfgang Brendel Funkfernsteuereinrichtung für ein Arbeitsgerät
KR100740217B1 (ko) 2005-10-17 2007-07-18 삼성전자주식회사 리모트 컨트롤러, 이를 갖는 영상처리장치 및 이의 구동방법
KR101446088B1 (ko) * 2007-08-23 2014-10-02 삼성전자주식회사 메뉴를 제공하는 리모트 컨트롤러 및 그 메뉴제공방법
CN102332902A (zh) * 2011-07-18 2012-01-25 任永斌 无解调电路和无放大电路的强光遥控开关系统

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59007115D1 (de) 1994-10-20
JP2866162B2 (ja) 1999-03-08
JPH0359923A (ja) 1991-03-14
DE3924551A1 (de) 1991-01-31
EP0410194B1 (fr) 1994-09-14
US5030955A (en) 1991-07-09

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