EP0393484A1 - Combustion chamber arrangement - Google Patents

Combustion chamber arrangement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0393484A1
EP0393484A1 EP90106905A EP90106905A EP0393484A1 EP 0393484 A1 EP0393484 A1 EP 0393484A1 EP 90106905 A EP90106905 A EP 90106905A EP 90106905 A EP90106905 A EP 90106905A EP 0393484 A1 EP0393484 A1 EP 0393484A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
combustion chamber
fuel
nozzles
swirl
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Granted
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EP90106905A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0393484B1 (en
Inventor
Jakob Dr. Keller
Dr. Sattelmayer
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ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
ABB AB
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ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Asea Brown Boveri AB
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F23C7/004—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion using vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F23D14/24—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/26—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a burner arrangement with a main feed channel for a fuel-air mixture opening into a combustion chamber.
  • a swirl body equipped with swirl blades is provided, which is penetrated by a burner lance.
  • Outlet openings for the fuel supply open into the main supply duct.
  • a generic burner arrangement is known from a US patent (Appl. No. 07/129 172).
  • fuel and air are mixed in a prechamber and passed through a swirl body equipped with swirl vanes into a combustion chamber.
  • the swirl body ensures a more intensive mixing of fuel and air, so that a perfect, low-pollution combustion process can take place.
  • ignitions of the fuel-air mixture occur as soon as they enter the swirl body, which can have a negative effect on the stability of the burner arrangement.
  • the invention seeks to remedy this.
  • the invention as characterized in the claims, solves the problem of creating a burner arrangement in which no undesired ignitions can occur outside the combustion chamber.
  • the single figure shows a greatly simplified section through a burner arrangement according to the invention.
  • a main feed channel 2 opens into a combustion chamber 1 and leads a fuel / air mixture into the combustion chamber 1. Furthermore, the main feed channel 2 concentrically surrounds a burner lance 3, the head 4 of which projects somewhat into the combustion chamber 1.
  • the burner lance 3 passes through a swirl body rigidly arranged in the main feed channel 2 with swirl vanes 5 which are curved in a known manner.
  • the combustion chamber 1, the burner lance 3 and the main feed channel 2 are only partially shown and greatly simplified.
  • Arrows 7 indicate the inflow direction of the air required for the combustion into the main supply duct 2 and further into the combustion chamber 1.
  • Fuel is fed into the burner lance 3 through a feed channel 8 and injected into the main feed channel 2 through nozzles 9, as indicated by an arrow 10.
  • the nozzles 9 are arranged in such a way that the fuel is mixed with the air to form a combustible fuel-air mixture between the swirl blades 5.
  • the swirl blades 5 have lugs 5a which are drawn in in the opposite direction to the air flow and which channel the air flow.
  • the nozzles 9 are distributed over the circumference of the burner lance 3 in such a way that at least one nozzle 9 is provided between two swirl blades 5 in each space.
  • the injection of the fuel leads to intensive mixing with the air flowing in the main feed channel 2. Edges protruding into the flow of the fuel-air mixture can lead to local overheating and to undesired ignitions of the mixture outside the combustion chamber 1. Becomes If the fuel is now injected in such a way that no combustible mixture can occur in front of the front edges of the swirl blades 5, as seen in the direction of flow, a cause of undesired ignitions is thus eliminated.
  • the lugs 5a which are drawn against the direction of flow of the air and which channel the air flow. No mixture formation and therefore no ignition is possible at the front edge of the lugs 5a. In the area between the swirl blades 5, the flow is additionally accelerated as a result of the reduction in cross-section caused by this, so that no combustion that might occur could stabilize there.
  • the mixing of fuel and air in the area of the swirl blades 5 is sufficient to ensure good combustion in the combustion chamber 1, so that only comparatively small amounts of harmful substances leave the combustion chamber 1.
  • the length of the burner arrangement is advantageously short due to the omission of the premixing chamber, so that a comparatively compact arrangement is created.
  • Such a burner arrangement can be provided for operation with gaseous, liquid or fluidized dusty fuel. It is comparatively robust and less susceptible to wear and ensures high operational availability.
  • the fuel is supplied through the burner lance 3.
  • the burner lance 3 can be designed with a smaller outside diameter.
  • the nozzle 9 advantageously has a longitudinal axis which is at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the burner lance 3. It is ever but it is also possible to incline the longitudinal axis of the nozzle 9 towards the combustion chamber 1. Angles in the range from 90 ° to approximately 45 ° to the longitudinal axis of the burner lance 3 must be provided in this case. In this way it is ensured that the fuel-air mixture can only arise between the swirl blades 5.
  • the burner lance 3 has both a support burner and a holding burner.
  • the support burner is preferably designed as a diffusion burner and the holding burner as a premix burner. A combination of both concepts is preferably used.
  • a fuel channel 16 is provided in the burner lance 3, which has outlet openings 17 leading radially outwards in the vicinity of the head 4 of the burner lance 3.
  • a premixing chamber 18 is provided in the head 4 of the burner lance 3, into which a channel for combustion air 19 and the already mentioned fuel channel 16 open and which has outlet openings 20 which are axially aligned with the combustion chamber 1.
  • the premixing chamber 18 is designed as an annular chamber.
  • the outlet openings 20 can be distributed uniformly over their circumference or can be designed as an annular gap.
  • the proportion of fuel in the fuel-air mixture emerging from the outlet openings 20 of the premixing chamber 18 is adjusted such that the mixture is not combustible directly in front of the head 4 of the burner lance 3. It can ignite only when it strikes a vortex backflow zone 21 present in the combustion chamber 1, through which it is braked. There The flame supported by the holding burner only forms at a safe distance from the head 4 of the burner lance 3, which also reliably prevents the flame from striking back, in particular into the premixing chamber 18.
  • the supply for the fuel and the combustion air for the support burner and the holding burner is preferably designed to be controllable. This makes it possible to throttle these burners during normal operation of the burner arrangement (partial load) or to switch them off (full load) and to start them up only when required, depending on the operating state of the burner arrangement.

Abstract

Diese Brenneranordnung weist einen in eine Brennkammer (1) einmündenden Hauptzuführungskanal (2) für ein Brennstoff-Luftgemisch auf. In diesem Hauptzuführungskanal (2) ist ein mit Drallschaufeln (5) versehener Drallkörper vorgesehen, welcher von einer Brennerlanze (3) durchsetzt wird und in den Austrittsöffnungen für die Brennstoffzuführung einmünden. Es soll eine Brenneranordnung geschaffen werden, bei welcher keine unerwünschten Zündungen des Brennstoff-Luftgemisches ausserhalb der Brennkammer (1) auftreten können. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass die Austrittsöffnungen als Düsen (9) ausgebildet sind, welche in einen Bereich zwischen den Drallschaufeln (5) einmünden. Zwischen zwei benachbarten Drallschaufeln (5) wird dabei mindestens eine Düse vorgesehen.This burner arrangement has a main feed channel (2) for a fuel / air mixture which opens into a combustion chamber (1). A swirl body provided with swirl blades (5) is provided in this main feed channel (2), through which a burner lance (3) passes and which open into the outlet openings for the fuel feed. A burner arrangement is to be created in which no undesired ignitions of the fuel / air mixture can occur outside the combustion chamber (1). This is achieved in that the outlet openings are designed as nozzles (9) which open into an area between the swirl blades (5). At least one nozzle is provided between two adjacent swirl blades (5).

Description

TECHNISCHES GEBIETTECHNICAL AREA

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Brenneranordnung mit einem in eine Brennkammer mündenden Hauptzuführungskanal für ein Brenn­stoff-Luftgemisch. Im Verlauf des Hauptzuführungskanals ist ein mit Drallschaufeln bestückter Drallkörper vorgesehen, wel­cher von einer Brennerlanze durchsetzt ist. In den Hauptzufüh­rungskanal münden Austrittsöffnungen für die Brennstoffzufüh­rung ein.The invention is based on a burner arrangement with a main feed channel for a fuel-air mixture opening into a combustion chamber. In the course of the main feed channel, a swirl body equipped with swirl blades is provided, which is penetrated by a burner lance. Outlet openings for the fuel supply open into the main supply duct.

STAND DER TECHNIKSTATE OF THE ART

Eine gattungsgemässe Brenneranordnung ist bekannt aus einer US Patentschrift (Appl. No. 07/129 172). Bei dieser Brenneranord­nung werden Brennstoff und Luft in einer Vorkammer gemischt und durch einen mit Drallschaufeln bestückten Drallkörper hin­durch in eine Brennkammer geleitet. Durch den Drallkörper wird eine intensivere Durchmischung von Brennstoff und Luft er­reicht, so dass in der Brennkammer ein einwandfreier, schadstoffarmer Verbrennungsvorgang stattfinden kann. Es ist jedoch möglich, dass bereits beim Eintritt in den Drallkörper Zündungen des Brennstoff-Luftgemisches auftreten, welche sich negativ auf die Standfestigkeit der Brenneranordnung auswirken können.A generic burner arrangement is known from a US patent (Appl. No. 07/129 172). In this burner arrangement, fuel and air are mixed in a prechamber and passed through a swirl body equipped with swirl vanes into a combustion chamber. The swirl body ensures a more intensive mixing of fuel and air, so that a perfect, low-pollution combustion process can take place. However, it is possible that ignitions of the fuel-air mixture occur as soon as they enter the swirl body, which can have a negative effect on the stability of the burner arrangement.

DARSTELLUNG DER ERFINDUNGPRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

Hier will die Erfindung Abhilfe schaffen. Die Erfindung, wie sie in den Ansprüchen gekennzeichnet ist, löst die Aufgabe, eine Brenneranordnung zu schaffen, bei welcher keine uner­wünschten Zündungen ausserhalb der Brennkammer auftreten kön­nen.The invention seeks to remedy this. The invention, as characterized in the claims, solves the problem of creating a burner arrangement in which no undesired ignitions can occur outside the combustion chamber.

Die durch die Erfindung erreichten Vorteile sind im wesentli­chen darin zu sehen, dass gleich gute Emissionswerte erreicht werden können wie mit einem herkömmlichen Vormischbrenner bei wesentlich höherer Lebensdauer der Brenneranordnung, zudem wird deren Störungsanfälligkeit herab- und deren Verfügbarkeit hinaufgesetzt. Besonders vorteilhaft wirkt es sich aus, dass infolge des Wegfallens der Vormischkammer die axiale Ausdeh­nung der Brenneranordnung vergleichsweise klein gehalten wer­den kann.The advantages achieved by the invention are essentially to be seen in the fact that the same good emission values can be achieved as with a conventional premix burner with a considerably longer service life of the burner arrangement, and in addition its susceptibility to faults is reduced and its availability is increased. It is particularly advantageous that, due to the omission of the premixing chamber, the axial extent of the burner arrangement can be kept comparatively small.

Die weiteren Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstände der abhängigen Ansprüche.The further developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung, ihre Weiterbildung und die damit erzielbaren Vorteile werden nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung, welche le­diglich einen Ausführungsweg darstellt, näher erläutert.The invention, its further development and the advantages which can be achieved thereby are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, which only represents one embodiment.

KURZE BESCHREIBUNG DER ZEICHNUNGBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

Die einzige Figur zeigt einen stark vereinfachten Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemässe Brenneranordnung.The single figure shows a greatly simplified section through a burner arrangement according to the invention.

WEGE ZUR AUSFÜHRUNG DER ERFINDUNGWAYS OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Es wird nunmehr auf die einzige Figur Bezug genommen. In eine Brennkammer 1 mündet ein Hauptzuführungskanal 2 ein, welcher ein Brennstoff-Luftgemisch in die Brennkammer 1 führt. Ferner umgibt der Hauptzuführungskanal 2 eine Brennerlanze 3 konzentrisch, deren Kopf 4 etwas in die Brennkammer 1 hinein­ragt. Die Brennerlanze 3 durchsetzt einen im Hauptzuführungs­kanal 2 starr angeordneten Drallkörper mit in bekannter Weise gekrümmten Drallschaufeln 5. Von diesem Drallkörper sind nur die Drallschaufeln 5 dargestellt, deren Halterung wurde zur Vereinfachung weggelassen. Ebenso sind die Brennkammer 1, die Brennerlanze 3 und der Hauptzuführungskanal 2 nur ausschnitts­weise und stark vereinfacht dargestellt.Reference is now made to the single figure. A main feed channel 2 opens into a combustion chamber 1 and leads a fuel / air mixture into the combustion chamber 1. Furthermore, the main feed channel 2 concentrically surrounds a burner lance 3, the head 4 of which projects somewhat into the combustion chamber 1. The burner lance 3 passes through a swirl body rigidly arranged in the main feed channel 2 with swirl vanes 5 which are curved in a known manner. Likewise, the combustion chamber 1, the burner lance 3 and the main feed channel 2 are only partially shown and greatly simplified.

Pfeile 7 geben die Einströmrichtung der für die Verbrennung nötigen Luft in den Hauptzuführungskanal 2 und weiter in die Brennkammer 1 an. Brennstoff wird in der Brennerlanze 3 durch einen Zuführungskanal 8 zugeführt und durch Düsen 9 in den Hauptzuführungskanal 2 eingedüst, wie durch einen Pfeil 10 an­gedeutet wird. Die Düsen 9 sind so angeordnet, dass die Vermi­schung des Brennstoffes mit der Luft zu einem brennbaren Brennstoff-Luftgemisch zwischen den Drallschaufeln 5 erfolgt. Die Drallschaufeln 5 weisen in entgegen der Strömungsrichtung der Luft vorgezogene Nasen 5a auf, welche die Luftströmung ka­nalisieren. Die Düsen 9 sind so auf dem Umfang der Brenner­lanze 3 verteilt, dass pro Zwischenraum zwischen jeweils zwei Drallschaufeln 5 mindestens eine Düse 9 vorgesehen ist.Arrows 7 indicate the inflow direction of the air required for the combustion into the main supply duct 2 and further into the combustion chamber 1. Fuel is fed into the burner lance 3 through a feed channel 8 and injected into the main feed channel 2 through nozzles 9, as indicated by an arrow 10. The nozzles 9 are arranged in such a way that the fuel is mixed with the air to form a combustible fuel-air mixture between the swirl blades 5. The swirl blades 5 have lugs 5a which are drawn in in the opposite direction to the air flow and which channel the air flow. The nozzles 9 are distributed over the circumference of the burner lance 3 in such a way that at least one nozzle 9 is provided between two swirl blades 5 in each space.

Zur Erläuterung der Wirkungsweise sei die Figur näher betrach­tet. Die Eindüsung des Brennstoffes führt zu einer intensiven Vermischung mit der im Hauptzuführungskanal 2 strömenden Luft. In den Strom des Brennstoff-Luftgemisches hineinragende Kanten können zur örtlichen Überhitzung und zu unerwünschten Zündun­gen des Gemisches ausserhalb der Brennkammer 1 führen. Wird nun der Brennstoff so eingedüst, dass vor den in Strömungs­richtung gesehenen Vorderkanten der Drallschaufeln 5, noch kein brennbares Gemisch auftreten kann, so ist damit eine Ur­sache für unerwünschte Zündungen beseitigt.To explain the mode of operation, the figure is considered in more detail. The injection of the fuel leads to intensive mixing with the air flowing in the main feed channel 2. Edges protruding into the flow of the fuel-air mixture can lead to local overheating and to undesired ignitions of the mixture outside the combustion chamber 1. Becomes If the fuel is now injected in such a way that no combustible mixture can occur in front of the front edges of the swirl blades 5, as seen in the direction of flow, a cause of undesired ignitions is thus eliminated.

Zusätzliche Sicherheit bieten die entgegen der Strömungsrich­tung der Luft vorgezogenen Nasen 5a, welche den Luftstrom ka­nalisieren. An der Vorderkante der Nasen 5a ist keine Gemisch­bildung und damit auch keine Zündung möglich. Im Bereich zwi­schen den Drallschaufeln 5 wird die Strömung infolge der durch diese hervorgerufenen Querschnittverringerung zusätzlich be­schleunigt, so dass sich dort keine etwa auftretende Verbren­nung stabilisieren könnte.Additional security is provided by the lugs 5a which are drawn against the direction of flow of the air and which channel the air flow. No mixture formation and therefore no ignition is possible at the front edge of the lugs 5a. In the area between the swirl blades 5, the flow is additionally accelerated as a result of the reduction in cross-section caused by this, so that no combustion that might occur could stabilize there.

Die Vermischung von Brennstoff und Luft im Bereich der Drall­schaufeln 5 ist genügend, um in der Brennkammer 1 eine gute Verbrennung zu gewährleisten, so dass nur vergleichsweise ge­ringe Mengen schädlicher Stoffe die Brennkammer 1 verlassen. Die Baulänge der Brenneranordnung wird infolge des Wegfalls der Vormischkammer vorteilhaft kurz, so dass eine vergleichs­weise kompakte Anordnung entsteht.The mixing of fuel and air in the area of the swirl blades 5 is sufficient to ensure good combustion in the combustion chamber 1, so that only comparatively small amounts of harmful substances leave the combustion chamber 1. The length of the burner arrangement is advantageously short due to the omission of the premixing chamber, so that a comparatively compact arrangement is created.

Eine derartige Brenneranordnung kann für den Betrieb mit gas­förmigem, flüssigem oder fluidisiertem staubförmigem Brenn­stoff vorgesehen sein. Sie ist vergleichsweise robust und we­nig verschleissanfällig und gewährleistet eine hohe betriebli­che Verfügbarkeit.Such a burner arrangement can be provided for operation with gaseous, liquid or fluidized dusty fuel. It is comparatively robust and less susceptible to wear and ensures high operational availability.

In der Regel wird der Brennstoff durch die Brennerlanze 3 zu­geführt. Es ist jedoch ohne weiteres möglich die Hauptmenge des Brennstoffs auch durch Düsen, welche in die Aussenwand des Hauptzuführungsrohres 2 eingesetzt sind, zwischen die Drall­schaufeln 5 einzudüsen. Die Brennerlanze 3, kann in diesem Fall mit geringerem Aussendurchmesser ausgeführt werden.As a rule, the fuel is supplied through the burner lance 3. However, it is also readily possible to inject the main amount of fuel between the swirl blades 5 through nozzles which are inserted into the outer wall of the main feed pipe 2. In this case, the burner lance 3 can be designed with a smaller outside diameter.

Die Düse 9 weist vorteilhaft eine Längsachse auf, die im rech­ten Winkel zur Längsachse der Brennerlanze 3 steht. Es ist je­ doch auch möglich die Längsachse der Düse 9 zur Brennkammer 1 hin zu neigen. Winkel im Bereich von 90° bis etwa 45° zur Längsachse der Brennerlanze 3 sind in diesem Fall vorzusehen. Auf diese Art wird sichergestellt, dass erst zwischen den Drallschaufeln 5 das Brennstoff-Luftgemisch entstehen kann.The nozzle 9 advantageously has a longitudinal axis which is at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the burner lance 3. It is ever but it is also possible to incline the longitudinal axis of the nozzle 9 towards the combustion chamber 1. Angles in the range from 90 ° to approximately 45 ° to the longitudinal axis of the burner lance 3 must be provided in this case. In this way it is ensured that the fuel-air mixture can only arise between the swirl blades 5.

Eine derartige Brenneranordnung allein lässt sich ohne Hilfsbrenner nur in sehr engen Grenzen regeln. Um den Regelungsbereich der Brenneranordnung zu erweitern und insbesondere um ein vollständiges Erlöschen der Flamme in der Brennkammer 1 bei Leerlauf der Brenneranordnung zu vermeiden, weist die Brennerlanze 3 sowohl einen Stützbrenner als auch einen Haltebrenner auf. Der Stützbrenner ist vorzugsweise als Diffusionsbrenner und der Haltebrenner als Vormischbrenner ausgebildet. Vorzugsweise findet eine Kombination beider Konzepte Verwendung.Such a burner arrangement alone can only be regulated within very narrow limits without an auxiliary burner. In order to expand the control range of the burner arrangement and in particular to avoid a complete extinguishing of the flame in the combustion chamber 1 when the burner arrangement is idling, the burner lance 3 has both a support burner and a holding burner. The support burner is preferably designed as a diffusion burner and the holding burner as a premix burner. A combination of both concepts is preferably used.

Zur Ausbildung des Stützbrenners ist in der Brennerlanze 3 ein Brennstoffkanal 16 vorgesehen, welcher in der Nähe des Kopfes 4 der Brennerlanze 3 radial nach aussen führende Austrittsöff­nungen 17 aufweist.To form the auxiliary burner, a fuel channel 16 is provided in the burner lance 3, which has outlet openings 17 leading radially outwards in the vicinity of the head 4 of the burner lance 3.

Zur Ausbildung des Haltebrenners ist im Kopf 4 der Brenner­lanze 3 eine Vormischkammer 18 vorgesehen, in die ein Kanal für Verbrennungsluft 19 sowie der bereits genannte Brennstoff­kanal 16 münden und welche zur Brennkammer 1 hin axial ausge­richtete Austrittsöffnungen 20 aufweist. Die Vormischkammer 18 ist als Ringkammer ausgebildet. Die Austrittsöffnungen 20 kön­nen gleichmässig über ihren Umfang verteilt sein oder als Ringspalt ausgebildet sein.To form the holding burner, a premixing chamber 18 is provided in the head 4 of the burner lance 3, into which a channel for combustion air 19 and the already mentioned fuel channel 16 open and which has outlet openings 20 which are axially aligned with the combustion chamber 1. The premixing chamber 18 is designed as an annular chamber. The outlet openings 20 can be distributed uniformly over their circumference or can be designed as an annular gap.

Der Brennstoffanteil in dem aus den Austrittsöffnungen 20 der Vormischkammer 18 austretenden Brennstoff-Luftgemisch wird so eingestellt, dass das Gemisch direkt vor dem Kopf 4 der Bren­nerlanze 3 nicht brennbar ist. Es kann sich erst bei seinem Auftreffen auf eine in der Brennkammer 1 vorhandene Wirbel­rückstromzone 21, durch die es abgebremst wird, entzünden. Da­ durch bildet sich die vom Haltebrenner gestützte Flamme erst in einer sicheren Entfernung vom Kopf 4 der Brennerlanze 3 aus, wodurch auch ein Zurückschlagen der Flamme, insbesondere in die Vormischkammer 18 sicher verhindert wird.The proportion of fuel in the fuel-air mixture emerging from the outlet openings 20 of the premixing chamber 18 is adjusted such that the mixture is not combustible directly in front of the head 4 of the burner lance 3. It can ignite only when it strikes a vortex backflow zone 21 present in the combustion chamber 1, through which it is braked. There The flame supported by the holding burner only forms at a safe distance from the head 4 of the burner lance 3, which also reliably prevents the flame from striking back, in particular into the premixing chamber 18.

Die Zufuhr für den Brennstoff und die Verbrennungsluft für den Stützbrenner und den Haltebrenner ist vorzugsweise regelbar ausgebildet. Dadurch besteht die Möglichkeit, diese Brenner beim normalen Betrieb der Brenneranordnung zu drosseln (Teillast) oder abzustellen (Vollast) und sie erst bei Bedarf, abhängig vom Betriebszustand der Brenneranordnung, in Betrieb zu nehmen.The supply for the fuel and the combustion air for the support burner and the holding burner is preferably designed to be controllable. This makes it possible to throttle these burners during normal operation of the burner arrangement (partial load) or to switch them off (full load) and to start them up only when required, depending on the operating state of the burner arrangement.

BEZEICHNUNGSLISTELIST OF DESIGNATIONS

  • 1 Brennkammer1 combustion chamber
  • 2 Hauptzuführungskanal2 main feed channel
  • 3 Brennerlanze3 burner lance
  • 4 Kopf4 head
  • 5 Drallschaufeln5 swirl blades
  • 5a Nase5a nose
  • 7 Pfeil7 arrow
  • 8 Zuführungskanal8 feed channel
  • 9 Düse9 nozzle
  • 10 Pfeil10 arrow
  • 16 Brennstoffkanal16 fuel channel
  • 17 Austrittsöffnungen17 outlet openings
  • 18 Vormischkammer18 premixing chamber
  • 19 Kanal für Verbrennungsluft19 channels for combustion air
  • 20 Austrittsöffnungen20 outlet openings
  • 21 Wirbelrückstromzone21 vortex backflow zone

Claims (6)

1. Brenneranordnung mit einem in eine Brennkammer (1) mündenden Hauptzuführungskanal (2) für ein Brenn­stoff-Luftgemisch, mit mindestens einem im Verlauf des Hauptzuführungskanals (2) vorgesehenen mit Drall­schaufeln (5) bestückten Drallkörper, mit einer den mindestens einen Drallkörper durchsetzenden Brenner­lanze (3), mit in den Hauptzuführungskanal (2) ein­mündenden, als Düsen (9) ausgebildeten Austrittsöff­nungen für die Brennstoffzuführung, wobei die Düsen (9) so in einen Bereich zwischen den Drallschaufeln (5) einmünden, dass zwischen zwei benachbarten Drall­schaufeln (5) mindestens eine Düse (9) vorgesehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
- dass die Drallschaufeln (5) auf der der Brennkammer (1) abgewandten Seite eine als Nase (5a) ausgebildete Verlängerung aufweisen, und
- dass die Düsen (9) im Bereich der Nasen (5a) einmün­den.1. Burner arrangement with a main feed channel (2) for a fuel / air mixture opening into a combustion chamber (1), with at least one swirl body provided with swirl blades (5) in the course of the main feed channel (2), with a burner lance penetrating the at least one swirl body ( 3), with outlet openings for the fuel supply opening into the main supply channel (2) and designed as nozzles (9), the nozzles (9) opening into a region between the swirl vanes (5) in such a way that at least between two adjacent swirl vanes (5) a nozzle (9) is provided, characterized in that
- That the swirl blades (5) on the side facing away from the combustion chamber (1) have an extension designed as a nose (5a), and
- That the nozzles (9) open in the area of the lugs (5a). 2. Brennkammeranordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet,
- dass die Längsachsen der Düsen (9) in Richtung zur Brennkammer (1) hin geneigt sind, und
- dass dabei Winkel im Bereich von 90° bis etwa 45° zur Längsachse der Brennerlanze (3) vorgesehen sind.2. Combustion chamber arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that
- That the longitudinal axes of the nozzles (9) are inclined towards the combustion chamber (1), and
- That there are angles in the range of 90 ° to about 45 ° to the longitudinal axis of the burner lance (3). 3. Brenneranordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet,
- dass deren Regelungsbereich mit Hilfe mindestens eines Hilfsbrenners erweitert wird.3. Burner arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in
- That their control range is expanded with the help of at least one auxiliary burner. 4. Brenneranordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet,
- dass sie mit gasförmigem, flüssigem oder fluidisiertem staubförmigem Brennstoff betreibbar ist.4. Burner arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in
- That it can be operated with gaseous, liquid or fluidized dusty fuel. 5. Brenneranordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet,
- dass die Düsen (9) durch die Brennerlanze (3) hin­durch gespeist werden.5. Burner arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in
- That the nozzles (9) are fed through the burner lance (3). 6. Brenneranordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet,
- dass die Düsen (9) durch die Aussenwand des Hauptzu­führungsrohres (2) einmünden.6. Burner arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in
- That the nozzles (9) open through the outer wall of the main feed pipe (2).
EP90106905A 1989-04-20 1990-04-10 Combustion chamber arrangement Expired - Lifetime EP0393484B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH150789 1989-04-20
CH1507/89 1989-04-20

Publications (2)

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EP0393484A1 true EP0393484A1 (en) 1990-10-24
EP0393484B1 EP0393484B1 (en) 1992-11-04

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ID=4212057

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90106905A Expired - Lifetime EP0393484B1 (en) 1989-04-20 1990-04-10 Combustion chamber arrangement

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5101633A (en)
EP (1) EP0393484B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2834531B2 (en)
KR (1) KR900016676A (en)
CA (1) CA2014828C (en)
DE (1) DE59000422D1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2014828A1 (en) 1990-10-20
CA2014828C (en) 2000-08-01
US5101633A (en) 1992-04-07
JPH02293510A (en) 1990-12-04
KR900016676A (en) 1990-11-14
EP0393484B1 (en) 1992-11-04
DE59000422D1 (en) 1992-12-10
JP2834531B2 (en) 1998-12-09

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