EP0392453A2 - Séparateur centrifuge - Google Patents

Séparateur centrifuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0392453A2
EP0392453A2 EP90106838A EP90106838A EP0392453A2 EP 0392453 A2 EP0392453 A2 EP 0392453A2 EP 90106838 A EP90106838 A EP 90106838A EP 90106838 A EP90106838 A EP 90106838A EP 0392453 A2 EP0392453 A2 EP 0392453A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
centrifugal separator
suction pipe
suction
separator according
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90106838A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0392453A3 (fr
EP0392453B1 (fr
Inventor
Johann Dipl.-Ing. Willbold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Happle & Co Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Original Assignee
Happle & Co Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Happle & Co Maschinenfabrik GmbH filed Critical Happle & Co Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Publication of EP0392453A2 publication Critical patent/EP0392453A2/fr
Publication of EP0392453A3 publication Critical patent/EP0392453A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0392453B1 publication Critical patent/EP0392453B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C1/00—Apparatus in which the main direction of flow follows a flat spiral ; so-called flat cyclones or vortex chambers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/01—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using gravity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/08—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force
    • B07B7/086—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force generated by the winding course of the gas stream
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B07B9/02—Combinations of similar or different apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a centrifugal separator, in particular for a cleaning machine working with circulating air, such as a grain cleaning machine or the like, with at least one suction pipe which can be acted upon by a suction fan and is preferably connected to an associated fan and is provided with a peripheral deflection grille and which is arranged axially parallel in an arc duct surrounding it , which is provided with an approximately tangentially flowing inlet connection and from which a radially outward separating outlet for separated material branches off in the area in front of its end entering its beginning.
  • This object is achieved in a surprisingly simple manner in that at least the deflection grid is divided into several sections in the axial direction by radial diaphragms.
  • the subdivision of the deflection grid according to the invention advantageously has the effect that the flow in the curved duct cannot be deflected, or not significantly, in the axial direction even when the fan is attached without a distance to the separator housing containing the curved duct and penetrated by the suction pipe, which is a compact, enables inexpensive construction.
  • the lack of axial flow deflection results in high centrifugal forces, which has an advantageous effect on the achievable separation quality.
  • the subdivision of the deflection grid according to the invention leads to resistance conditions which cause a comparatively uniform train over the entire length of the suction pipe and thus a comparatively uniform distribution of the mass flow over the entire length of the suction pipe, which also has a positive effect on the separation quality that can be achieved.
  • the arch channel is divided into several sections at least in the area between the inlet connection and the separation outlet by radial orifices, it being particularly useful if the deflection grid is more finely divided than the arch channel.
  • the intake pipe can consist of several sections flanged together.
  • the lateral flanges of these sections advantageously automatically form the radial diaphragms, so that the suction tube is particularly easy to manufacture.
  • this can be formed by impellers fastened to one another by fans which preferably have backward-curved blades. This measure advantageously enables the processing of components which are incurred in the fan production as a reject.
  • a further advantageous measure can consist in the fact that the suction pipe is designed as a slide-in part that can be inserted into the housing containing the curved channel, preferably from the side opposite the fan. This enables a simple pre-assembly of the suction pipe consisting of several sections.
  • the arched channel can advantageously have a cross section which narrows continuously in the flow direction. This can be achieved in a simple manner in that the suction tube is arranged eccentrically in a circular housing containing the curved channel. These measures advantageously result in approximately the same flow speed over the entire length of the arc channel and also lead to a decrease in the radius of curvature over the length of the arc channel and thus to an intensification of the deflection, which overall has a favorable effect on the quality of the separation.
  • a further advantageous measure can consist in the separating outlet opening into a suctionable chamber, which can be followed by a separating and / or filtering device.
  • part of the flow medium usually air
  • air is sucked off together with the impurities and subjected to post-cleaning.
  • the resulting air loss can easily be replaced by fresh air drawn in from the environment.
  • the deposition outlet opens into an expansion space provided with a discharge lock, from which the air is returned to the arc channel.
  • a peeling lip protruding into the cross section of the arch channel can be provided in the area of the deposition outlet. This measure ensures a reliable introduction of the flow close to the wall, loaded with impurities, into the suction chamber.
  • a further expedient further development can consist in the fact that the end region of the peripheral wall of the suction chamber opposite the peeling lip is designed as an impact bar directed inwards approximately perpendicular to the peeling lip. This ensures that solid bodies, such as broken grains, etc., which strike the wall area opposite the impact strip, are prevented from rebounding into the arched channel. Rather, this material is reliably fed to the post-cleaning device connected to the extractable chamber.
  • Fig. 1 which can be used, for example, to clean grain before storage, is based in a manner known per se on the wind sifting principle, ie. H.
  • a feed stream 1 is penetrated by an air stream 2, the feed stream being divided into two fractions 3, 4, as indicated by arrows in FIG. 1.
  • the fraction 3 containing the heavier parts in the form of usable grain etc. falls through downward and can then be further processed, e.g. B. sieved, classified, etc.
  • the fraction 4 containing the lighter parts in the form of the impurities, the unusable grains etc. is entrained by the air flow.
  • the ventus shown has, as can also be seen in FIG. 1, a feed shaft 6 which is arranged above a grate 5 and to which the material to be cleaned is applied.
  • the grate 5 is formed by spaced apart, aerodynamically profiled slats which extend over the entire machine width, or here over one machine half of the machine, which is constructed in mirror image with respect to a central longitudinal plane.
  • the exit of the feed chute 6 is adjustable by means of a pivotable flap 7.
  • a feed roller 8 is arranged in the area of the exit of the feed chute.
  • the feed chute 6 is followed by a slide 9, also formed by a pivotable flap, through which the feed stream 1 is passed over the grate 5.
  • the grate plane is strongly inclined to the horizontal, here at an angle of about 45 °, so that the air flow 2 between the lamellas resulting rust gaps 10 can flow with strong horizontal component.
  • the feed chute 6 opens into a viewing space 12 containing the grate 5, here delimited at the top by a flow guide plate 11, in which the first and second fractions 3, 4 are separated.
  • the bottom of the viewing space 12 is funnel-shaped, i. H. with V-shaped inclined flanks 13 and has a downwardly open window 14 through which the first fraction 3 is discharged downwards.
  • the second fraction 4 is discharged via a window 15 which is diagonally opposite the grate 5 and is provided in the region of the wall of the viewing space 12 opposite the feed shaft 6. This is limited by a slide 16 which can be pushed on and pushed off in the region of the assigned wall and on the position of which the respective size of the fractions 3, 4 depends.
  • the viewing space 12 is adjoined by an expansion space 17 accessible via the window, the funnel-shaped base of which is provided with a discharge lock 18.
  • the second fraction 4 is separated into two partial streams 4a, 4b, as is further indicated in FIG. 1 by arrows.
  • the first partial stream 4a is formed by the heavier particles in the form of light grain or broken grains or the like.
  • the partial stream 4a is discharged via the discharge lock 18.
  • the second part stream 4b is formed by the light parts in the form of chaff, stalks and the like. These are entrained by the air, which exits through a window 19 opposite the window 15 sionsraum 17 exits.
  • the inlet connection 20 is connected by a centrifugal separator 21, which has a horizontal axis and extends over the same width as the grate 5 and accordingly as the viewing space 12 and the expansion space 17 from which the impurities remaining in the air stream are separated.
  • a fan 24, which can be driven by a motor 23 and which moves the air flow passing through the valve, is laterally attached to the housing 22 of the centrifugal force separator 21. The air sucked in by the fan 24 and cleaned in the centrifugal separator 21 is returned to the assigned grate 5.
  • a supply shaft 25 which runs in the area of the ventilator side wall on the ventilator side, flows to the pressure connection of the ventilator and leads to a distribution box 26 which is arranged in the area of the ventilator end side and extends over the same width as the assigned grate 5. In order to achieve the most uniform possible air distribution over the entire grate width, this has a cross section that decreases across the machine width.
  • additional baffles 27 are provided in the area of the distributor box 26 in order to achieve a particularly uniform air distribution, as can further be seen in FIG.
  • the supply shaft 25 is provided with a shut-off blind 28 which throttles of the circulating air flow.
  • the centrifugal separator 21 contains a suction pipe 29, which is directly attached to the suction nozzle of the fan 24, which is designed as a radial fan, and is also arranged with a horizontal axis and is inserted into an approximately circular cross-section of the working space of the housing 22, the diameter of which is larger than the suction pipe diameter is, so that there is an arc duct 30 which encompasses this and into which the inlet connection 20 adjoining the window 19 enters, as can best be seen from FIG.
  • the suction pipe 29 acting as an immersion pipe is designed as a grid pipe, which is provided on its entire circumference with axially parallel fins 31 which form a deflection grid and are circumferentially spaced from one another to form throughflow slots 32.
  • the air flowing through the curved channel 30 on a curved path is, as indicated by the arrows 33 in FIG.
  • the suction pipe 29 is designed as an insertion part that can be inserted into the associated work space.
  • the walls of the housing 22 extending perpendicular to the axis are provided with corresponding recesses 35.
  • the suction tube 29, which is designed as an insertion part, is provided with flanges 36 in the region of its ends and can thus be flanged to the housing end walls.
  • the suction pipe 29 on which the exemplary embodiment shown is based consists of impellers of radial fans flanged to one another with vanes curved backwards.
  • the curved channel 30, as can best be seen in FIGS. 2 and 4, is formed by intermediate walls 39 arranged between its end walls also divided into several sections 30a.
  • the sections 30a of the curved channel are wider than the sections 38 of the suction pipe 29 surrounded by it, which can contribute to increasing the desired uniformity.
  • the intermediate walls 39 have rounded leading edges 40, on which stalk pieces etc. are not kinked, but rather can slide over the stalk pieces etc.
  • the intermediate walls 39 extend, as can best be seen from FIG.
  • a peeling lip 43 is provided in the area of the separating outlet 42 and protrudes into the cross section of the curved channel 30, which peels off the radially outer flow layer loaded with the contaminants and introduces it via the separating outlet 42 into an adjoining, laterally extractable chamber 44.
  • the chamber 44 which is also arranged with a horizontal axis and here has an approximately elliptical cross section, extends over the entire width of the centrifugal separator 21.
  • the separation outlet 42 is located in the region of the narrow region of the end region of the arch channel 30, here in the region of the last quadrant of the arch channel 30th
  • the peeling lip 43 is provided with a rounded inflow flank for the same reason as the intermediate walls 29, as is further indicated in FIG. 3.
  • the peeling lip 43 which is arranged in a stationary manner in the embodiment on which FIG. 3 is based, covers approximately the outer third of the clear cross-section of the arched channel 30.
  • Such an embodiment is indicated in Figure 1.
  • the boundary of the deposition outlet 42 opposite the peeling lip 43 runs with its end region approximately perpendicular to the peeling lip 43 to the outside, i. H. into the chamber 44 and accordingly forms a baffle bar 45 which prevents solid particles impinging on the wall of the chamber 44 opposite the deposition outlet 42 from rebounding into the arched channel 30.
  • the suction connection 46 leads below the pressure connection of the fan 24, which is designed as a radial fan and arranged parallel to the suction connection, with its axis, which enables a high degree of structural freedom.
  • the post-cleaning device 47 consists of a fan part 48, which is preceded by a filter part 49 and a separating part 50, for example in the form of a cyclone separator, and which has a blow-out nozzle 51 opening into the surroundings is provided.
  • the air blown out into the environment, from which the solids were previously separated or filtered out, is clean and therefore completely harmless to the environment.
  • the resulting loss of circulating air as a result of the release of air into the environment is compensated for by the fact that fresh air can also be sucked in in the area of the grate 5 in addition to the circulating air, as indicated in FIG. 1 by the flow arrow 2a.
  • This fresh air drawn in from below mixes with the circulating air, which keeps its load of fine dust low.
  • FIG. 5 This design is based on a slotted tube 52 forming the chamber 44, the jacket flanks of which in the area of the slit are bent to form the separation outlet 42 and a peeling lip and baffle strip adjacent thereto in the radial direction.
  • the tube 52 can be arranged stationary, peeling ratios similar to those in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 being achievable.
  • the tube 52 it would also be conceivable to arrange the tube 52 so that it can rotate about its axis, as a result of which the jacket flanks delimiting the deposition outlet 42 can be moved back and forth to change the peeling conditions, as is indicated in FIG. 5 by dashed lines. It would of course also be conceivable, in addition, a swiveling peeling lip to provide. In any case, the end regions of the circumferential wall of the chamber 44 which are spaced apart from one another to form the deposition outlet 42 run into the circumferential wall 41 of the curved channel 30 which is interrupted to form the deposition outlet 42.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 can extend over the entire width of the associated cleaning machine.
  • two valves are provided which are arranged in a mirror-image arrangement and each cover one machine half.
  • Each of these two venti is self-sufficient, i.e. H. provided with its own fan 24 and its own post-cleaning device 47.

Landscapes

  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
EP90106838A 1989-04-13 1990-04-10 Séparateur centrifuge Expired - Lifetime EP0392453B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3912076A DE3912076A1 (de) 1989-04-13 1989-04-13 Fliehkraftabscheider
DE3912076 1989-04-13

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0392453A2 true EP0392453A2 (fr) 1990-10-17
EP0392453A3 EP0392453A3 (fr) 1991-06-19
EP0392453B1 EP0392453B1 (fr) 1995-03-08

Family

ID=6378556

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90106838A Expired - Lifetime EP0392453B1 (fr) 1989-04-13 1990-04-10 Séparateur centrifuge

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0392453B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE119433T1 (fr)
DD (1) DD296857A5 (fr)
DE (2) DE3912076A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0392453T3 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5377843A (en) * 1991-12-10 1995-01-03 Hosokawa Alpine Aktiengesellschaft Classifying wheel for centrifugal-wheel air classifier
WO2004041411A1 (fr) * 2002-11-06 2004-05-21 Mann+Hummel Gmbh Procede pour separer des particules d'un courant gazeux
CN108237083A (zh) * 2016-12-26 2018-07-03 广西南宁途御科技有限公司 金银花与叶分离装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19718158C2 (de) * 1997-04-29 2003-04-24 Kvaerner Panel Sys Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum windsichtenden Separieren

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH201235A (de) * 1938-02-03 1938-11-30 Edwin Neukom Staubabscheider.
DE958170C (de) * 1952-06-21 1957-02-14 Babcock & Wilcox Dampfkessel W Fliehkraftstaubabscheider
US2915179A (en) * 1954-02-17 1959-12-01 Microcyclomat Co Aerodynamic classifier
DE1078859B (de) * 1953-04-23 1960-03-31 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Zweistufiger Fliehkraftentstauber fuer Gase mit einem Primaer- und Sekundaerabscheider
US3015393A (en) * 1959-08-14 1962-01-02 Microcyclomat Co Centripetal classifier rotor deck selector
GB1080911A (en) * 1963-10-15 1967-08-31 Imp Tobacco Co Ltd Air discharge device for pneumatic centrifugal separators
WO1985004823A1 (fr) * 1984-04-16 1985-11-07 Gebrüder Bühler Ag Separateur cyclone

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE942626C (de) * 1951-03-16 1956-05-03 Metallgesellschaft Ag Anordnung von Prall- und Leitflaechen zur gleichmaessigen Verteilung von Gasen und Daempfen, insbesondere bei Vertikal-Elektrofiltern
DE1279538B (de) * 1963-10-15 1968-10-03 Imp Tobacco Co Ltd Zentrifugalabscheider

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH201235A (de) * 1938-02-03 1938-11-30 Edwin Neukom Staubabscheider.
DE958170C (de) * 1952-06-21 1957-02-14 Babcock & Wilcox Dampfkessel W Fliehkraftstaubabscheider
DE1078859B (de) * 1953-04-23 1960-03-31 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Zweistufiger Fliehkraftentstauber fuer Gase mit einem Primaer- und Sekundaerabscheider
US2915179A (en) * 1954-02-17 1959-12-01 Microcyclomat Co Aerodynamic classifier
US3015393A (en) * 1959-08-14 1962-01-02 Microcyclomat Co Centripetal classifier rotor deck selector
GB1080911A (en) * 1963-10-15 1967-08-31 Imp Tobacco Co Ltd Air discharge device for pneumatic centrifugal separators
WO1985004823A1 (fr) * 1984-04-16 1985-11-07 Gebrüder Bühler Ag Separateur cyclone

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5377843A (en) * 1991-12-10 1995-01-03 Hosokawa Alpine Aktiengesellschaft Classifying wheel for centrifugal-wheel air classifier
WO2004041411A1 (fr) * 2002-11-06 2004-05-21 Mann+Hummel Gmbh Procede pour separer des particules d'un courant gazeux
CN108237083A (zh) * 2016-12-26 2018-07-03 广西南宁途御科技有限公司 金银花与叶分离装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59008616D1 (de) 1995-04-13
ATE119433T1 (de) 1995-03-15
DE3912076A1 (de) 1990-10-25
EP0392453A3 (fr) 1991-06-19
DE3912076C2 (fr) 1991-03-21
DD296857A5 (de) 1991-12-19
EP0392453B1 (fr) 1995-03-08
DK0392453T3 (da) 1995-07-24

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