EP0382631B1 - Variable delivery teat - Google Patents
Variable delivery teat Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0382631B1 EP0382631B1 EP90400329A EP90400329A EP0382631B1 EP 0382631 B1 EP0382631 B1 EP 0382631B1 EP 90400329 A EP90400329 A EP 90400329A EP 90400329 A EP90400329 A EP 90400329A EP 0382631 B1 EP0382631 B1 EP 0382631B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- teat
- slot
- nipple
- angle
- arms
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
- A61J11/00—Teats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
- A61J11/00—Teats
- A61J11/001—Teats having means for regulating the flow rate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
- A61J11/00—Teats
- A61J11/001—Teats having means for regulating the flow rate
- A61J11/0015—Teats having means for regulating the flow rate by size or shape of the opening
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a variable flow nipple, intended to fit on a bottle and comprising at its end an orifice for letting the infant's food pass, said orifice being constituted by a slot comprising two branches forming an angle between them.
- the teats in known manner consist of a fixing ring on the bottle, a body and a nipple, which is subjected to the sucking movements of the infant. It has been proposed to pierce, at the top of the nipple, one or more slots. It is known from patent FR 2 052 206 to practice a slit, straight or not, comprising, at at least one of its ends, a hole drilled through the wall of the teat. It is also known from US Pat. No. 2,805,663 that the slot may have the shape of a V, the angle formed by the branches of the V being approximately 60 °.
- the nipple of the teat may, in known manner, have at its end a substantially spherical convex shape: the slot is then formed in this convex end. It has been proposed in FR-A 2 417 978 to provide the feed slot on a concave curved surface or even on a substantially flat surface disposed at the end of the nipple. In the case where this surface is concave, the slot is arranged in the bottom of the cavity.
- markers having a determined position relative to the slot (s), so as to be able to adjust, by rotation of the bottle around its axis. , the position of the slit, in relation to the median plane of the child's head.
- the aim of this adjustment is to ensure the modification of the teat flow rate by a more or less large opening of the slit during suction movements of the infant's lips.
- marks are traditionally three in number and are arranged so that the mark I corresponds to the minimum flow rate of the bottle, the mark III at the maximum flow rate and the mark II at an intermediate flow rate; for a teat with a rectilinear slit, the mark I and the mark III are defined, at the periphery of the teat, with an angular difference of 90 ° and the mark II is located on the teat in the bisector plane of the dihedron defined by the nipple axis and marks I and III, on the side the further from landmarks I and III.
- a nipple is sought which makes it possible to obtain a progression as linear as possible around each of positions I, II and III so as to be able, for the same nipple, to modify the flow rate, if necessary, during feeding; moreover, it is desired that the difference between the maximum and minimum flow rates is sufficient to be able to use the same teat for different foods and different infants.
- the present invention relates to a variable flow nipple to solve this problem.
- the present invention relates to a variable flow nipple intended to fit on a bottle, comprising at the end of its nipple, a slot having two branches forming an angle between them, characterized in that the angle of the two branches of the slot is an obtuse angle ⁇ between 165 and 95 ° whose apex is on the axis of the nipple, that the branches of the slot have lengths l1 and l2 (with l1> l2) such that ratio l1 / l2 is between 1 and ⁇ , the value of ⁇ increasing from 1 to 10, preferably from 1 to 4.5, when the value of the angle ⁇ decreases from 165 to 95 °, said branches of the slot being constituted by cutting lines without removal of material emerging at their non-adjacent ends in a hole of small section.
- the slot also has at its corner apex a hole of small cross section; the end of the nipple of the pacifier is convex.
- the branches of the slot preferably have a length between 0.4 and 4 mm.
- the holes may be circular and preferably have a diameter of between 0.15 and 0.25 mm.
- the flow rate of the teat is made to vary substantially linearly when it is rotated in one direction or the other from a value of ⁇ corresponding to 0 ° , 45 ° or 90 ° (position of the teat on minimum flow I, intermediate II or maximum III), while keeping a significant difference in flow between the maximum flow and the minimum flow.
- the maximum flow rate is then sufficient for the bottle to be used for porridge or mashed vegetables.
- the teat according to the invention has been designated by 1; this teat has an axis of symmetry; it comprises a nipple 2, a body more or less in the shape of a bell 5 and a rim 6 for its attachment to the bottle.
- the surface of the end of the nipple 2 is convex and has the shape of a spherical cap; there was made by cutting without removing material a slot 3 having two branches 3 a and 3 b forming between them an angle ⁇ , the complementary angle being designated by ⁇ .
- the top of the angle is located on the axis of the nipple.
- the slot 3 is provided with three circular holes 4 a , 4 b , 4 c ; the hole 4 a is located at the top of the slot and has the same axis as the teat; the holes 4 b and 4 c are drilled at the opposite ends of the branches 3 a and 3 b respectively, of the angular slot.
- the branches 3 a , 3 b have length l1 and l2 (l1> l2) respectively.
- marks I, II and III At the lower part of the body 5 of the teat are placed three marks I, II and III.
- the marks I and III are in perpendicular planes; the reference III is in the plane of the branch 3 a on the side where the hole 4 b is located; the reference I is inside the obtuse angle ⁇ formed by the two branches of the slot.
- Mark II is 135 ° from marks I and III.
- the suction movement is carried out without there being a large opening in the slot 3, that is to say that obtains the minimum teat flow rate;
- the reference mark III is placed under the infant's nose by rotation of the bottle around its axis, the maximum flow rate is obtained due to the spacing of the lips of the slot 3; if mark II is placed under the infant's nose, the feed rate is close to the average between the flow at reference I and the flow at reference III.
- the air enters through the holes 4 a , 4 b , 4 c and cancels the depression which has been created inside the bottle.
- the holes 4 a , 4 b and 4 c prevent the length of the branches of the slot 3 from changing during use.
- the tests were carried out according to the protocol described below.
- the teat is mounted on a bottle, which is placed vertically on a support, teat at the bottom.
- the bottom of the bottle is open, which allows to apply on the water it contains, an air pressure of 4kPa, which corresponds to the suction exerted by the child.
- an air pressure of 4kPa which corresponds to the suction exerted by the child.
- the nipple is crushed, along the crushing axis AE, in jaws 7 mm apart, which represent the child's jaws: we measure the amount of water flowing for 30 seconds and the flow rates are expressed in cm3 / min.
- the diametral plane of the teat which contains the reference I, passes through the crushing axis AE of the teat. Then rotate the jaws relative to the bottle by an angle ⁇ of 10 ° to 10 ° in the direction of the arrow f (see Figure 2), and measure the flow rate of the bottle for the different angles ⁇ .
- the curves of FIGS. 4 to 11 are obtained. Each point of the curve corresponds to the average of measurements carried out on five identical teats, the measurement being repeated twice on each teat.
- the curve in FIG. 5 has been plotted for a nipple comprising a 3.6 mm rectilinear slot comprising three holes of 0.20 mm in diameter, one at each end of the slot and one in the middle.
- the flow in position II ′ is fairly close to the average of the flow in position I ′ and III ′. We also see on the curves that we can vary linearly the teat flow rates by rotating the bottle less than 45 ° around the three positions I ′, II ′, III ′.
- the minimum (position I ′) and maximum (position III ′) values of the flow are offset by approximately 40 ° with respect to the marks I and III.
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Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne une tétine à débit variable, destinée à s'adapter sur un biberon et comportant à son extrémité un orifice pour laisser passer l'aliment du nourrisson, ledit orifice étant constitué par une fente comportant deux branches formant entre elles un angle.The present invention relates to a variable flow nipple, intended to fit on a bottle and comprising at its end an orifice for letting the infant's food pass, said orifice being constituted by a slot comprising two branches forming an angle between them.
Les tétines de façon connue se composent d'un anneau de fixation sur le biberon, d'un corps et d'un mamelon, qui est soumis aux mouvements de succion du nourrisson. On a proposé de percer, au sommet du mamelon, une ou plusieurs fentes. Il est connu par le brevet FR 2 052 206 de pratiquer une fente, rectiligne ou non, comportant, à au moins une de ses extrémités, un trou percé à travers la paroi de la tétine. Il est également connu par le brevet US-A 2 805 663 que la fente peut avoir la forme d'un V, l'angle formé par les branches du V étant d'environ 60°.The teats in known manner consist of a fixing ring on the bottle, a body and a nipple, which is subjected to the sucking movements of the infant. It has been proposed to pierce, at the top of the nipple, one or more slots. It is known from
Le mamelon de la tétine peut, de façon connue, avoir à son extrémité une forme convexe sensiblement sphérique : la fente est alors ménagée dans cette extrémité convexe. Il a été proposé dans FR-A 2 417 978 de ménager la fente d'alimentation sur une surface courbe concave ou encore sur une surface sensiblement plane disposée au bout du mamelon. Dans le cas où cette surface est concave, la fente est disposée dans le fond de la cavité.The nipple of the teat may, in known manner, have at its end a substantially spherical convex shape: the slot is then formed in this convex end. It has been proposed in FR-
Par ailleurs, il est de pratique courante de placer sur le corps de la tétine, des repères ayant une position déterminée par rapport à la (ou aux) fente(s), de façon à pouvoir régler, par rotation du biberon autour de son axe, la position de la fente, par rapport au plan médian de la tête de l'enfant. Ce réglage a pour but d'assurer la modification du débit de la tétine par une plus ou moins grande ouverture de la fente lors des mouvements de succion des lèvres du nourrisson. Ces repères sont traditionnellement au nombre de trois et sont disposés de façon que le repère I corresponde au débit minimal du biberon, le repère III au débit maximal et le repère II à un débit intermédiaire ; pour une tétine à fente rectiligne, le repère I et le repère III sont définis, à la périphérie de la tétine, avec un écart angulaire de 90° et le repère II est situé sur la tétine dans le plan bissecteur du dièdre défini par l'axe du mamelon et les repères I et III, du côté le plus éloigné des repères I et III.Furthermore, it is common practice to place on the body of the teat, markers having a determined position relative to the slot (s), so as to be able to adjust, by rotation of the bottle around its axis. , the position of the slit, in relation to the median plane of the child's head. The aim of this adjustment is to ensure the modification of the teat flow rate by a more or less large opening of the slit during suction movements of the infant's lips. These marks are traditionally three in number and are arranged so that the mark I corresponds to the minimum flow rate of the bottle, the mark III at the maximum flow rate and the mark II at an intermediate flow rate; for a teat with a rectilinear slit, the mark I and the mark III are defined, at the periphery of the teat, with an angular difference of 90 ° and the mark II is located on the teat in the bisector plane of the dihedron defined by the nipple axis and marks I and III, on the side the further from landmarks I and III.
Dans les biberons utilisés jusqu 'à présent, l'évolution du débit du biberon entre ses différentes positions n'est pas satisfaisante. Par exemple, dans le cas de la tétine avec fente en V décrite dans US-A-2 805 663, le débit du biberon est pratiquement le même quelle que soit la position du biberon ; l'utilisatrice donc doit changer la tétine si elle désire modifier le débit. Dans le cas de la fente décrite dans le brevet FR-A-2 052 206, le débit du biberon en position I et III est différent, mais le débit en position II ne diffère pas de façon significative du débit en position I ; dans ces conditions, l'utilisatrice passe directement de la position I à la position III et n'utilise pas la position II (voir figure 4).In the bottles used until now, the evolution of the flow rate of the bottle between its different positions is not satisfactory. For example, in the case of the teat with V-shaped slot described in US-A-2 805 663, the flow rate of the bottle is practically the same regardless of the position of the bottle; the user therefore must change the teat if she wishes to modify the flow rate. In the case of the slot described in patent FR-A-2 052 206, the flow rate of the bottle in position I and III is different, but the flow rate in position II does not differ significantly from the flow rate in position I; under these conditions, the user goes directly from position I to position III and does not use position II (see Figure 4).
Par conséquent, on cherche une tétine permettant d'obtenir une progression aussi linéaire que possible autour de chacune des positions I, II et III de façon à pouvoir, pour une même tétine, modifier le débit, si nécessaire, en cours d'alimentation ; de plus, on désire que l'écart entre les débits maximal et minimal soit suffisant pour pouvoir utiliser la même tétine pour des aliments différents et des nourrissons différents.Consequently, a nipple is sought which makes it possible to obtain a progression as linear as possible around each of positions I, II and III so as to be able, for the same nipple, to modify the flow rate, if necessary, during feeding; moreover, it is desired that the difference between the maximum and minimum flow rates is sufficient to be able to use the same teat for different foods and different infants.
La présente invention concerne une tétine à débit variable permettant de résoudre ce problème.The present invention relates to a variable flow nipple to solve this problem.
La présente invention a pour objet une tétine à débit variable destinée à s'adapter sur un biberon, comportant à l'extrémité de son mamelon, une fente ayant deux branches formant entre elles un angle, caractérisée par le fait que l'angle des deux branches de la fente est un angle obtus Γ compris entre 165 et 95° dont le sommet est sur l'axe de la tétine, que les branches de la fente ont des longueurs l₁ et l₂ (avec l₁ > l₂) telles que rapport l₁/l₂ soit compris entre 1 et δ, la valeur de δ croissant de 1 à 10, de préférence de 1 à 4,5, quand la valeur de l'angle Γ décroit de 165 à 95°, lesdites branches de la fente étant constituées par des lignes de coupe sans enlèvement de matière débouchant à leurs extrémités non adjacentes dans un trou de faible section.The present invention relates to a variable flow nipple intended to fit on a bottle, comprising at the end of its nipple, a slot having two branches forming an angle between them, characterized in that the angle of the two branches of the slot is an obtuse angle Γ between 165 and 95 ° whose apex is on the axis of the nipple, that the branches of the slot have lengths l₁ and l₂ (with l₁> l₂) such that ratio l₁ / l₂ is between 1 and δ, the value of δ increasing from 1 to 10, preferably from 1 to 4.5, when the value of the angle Γ decreases from 165 to 95 °, said branches of the slot being constituted by cutting lines without removal of material emerging at their non-adjacent ends in a hole of small section.
De préférence la fente comporte également à son sommet d'angle un trou de faible section ; l'extrémité du mamelon de la tétine est convexe.Preferably the slot also has at its corner apex a hole of small cross section; the end of the nipple of the pacifier is convex.
Les branches de la fente ont, de préférence, une longueur comprise entre 0,4 et 4 mm. Les trous peuvent être circulaires et ont, de préférence, un diamètre compris entre 0,15 et 0,25 mm.The branches of the slot preferably have a length between 0.4 and 4 mm. The holes may be circular and preferably have a diameter of between 0.15 and 0.25 mm.
L'écrasement du mamelon de la tétine au cours de l'alimentation de l'enfant s'effectue dans le plan médian de la tête de l'enfant. On adopte, comme position de référence de la tétine, celle dans laquelle le repère I de la tétine est dans ce plan médian, la branche de plus grande longueur de la fente étant pratiquée dans le plan passant par le repère III ; on repère angulairement par un angle ϑ la position de la tétine par rapport à cette référence. Des essais ont montré que, lorsque l'angle Γ est proche de 180°, le débit varie peu au voisinage de la position I (ϑ = 0 ou 180°) lorsque l'on tourne le biberon, c'est-à-dire que la courbe donnant le débit en fonction de ϑ présente une partie plate au voisinage de la position I. Lorsque l'ange Γ est de 165°, cette partie plate a pratiquement disparue et le débit en position II est pratiquement voisin de la moyenne des débits en position I et III.The crushing of the nipple of the nipple during the feeding of the child takes place in the median plane of the head of the child. One adopts, as the reference position of the teat, that in which the reference I of the teat is in this median plane, the branch of greatest length of the slot being formed in the plane passing through the reference III; we locate angularly by an angle ϑ the position of the teat relative to this reference. Tests have shown that, when the angle Γ is close to 180 °, the flow rate varies little in the vicinity of position I (ϑ = 0 or 180 °) when the bottle is turned, that is to say that the curve giving the flow as a function of ϑ has a flat part in the vicinity of position I. When the angel Γ is 165 °, this flat part has practically disappeared and the flow in position II is practically close to the average of flow rates in positions I and III.
Par ailleurs, lorsque l'angle Γ continue à décroître, le débit maximum décroît et le débit minimum croît ; lorsque l'angle Γ atteint 90° comme c'est le cas pour la tétine de GB-2 066 795, la différence entre le débit maximum et le débit minimum est très faible, ce qui est défavorable.Furthermore, when the angle Γ continues to decrease, the maximum flow decreases and the minimum flow increases; when the angle Γ reaches 90 ° as is the case for the nipple of GB-2 066 795, the difference between the maximum flow and the minimum flow is very small, which is unfavorable.
Avec une fente angulaire faisant un angle Γ selon l'invention, on fait varier sensiblement linéairement le débit de la tétine quand on fait tourner celle-ci dans un sens ou dans l'autre à partir d'une valeur de ϑ correspondant à 0°, 45° ou 90° (position de la tétine sur débit minimum I, intermédiaire II ou maximum III), tout en gardant une différence de débit notable entre le débit maximum et le débit minimum. Le débit maximum est alors suffisant pour que le biberon soit utilisé pour des bouillies ou des purées de légumes.With an angular slot making an angle Γ according to the invention, the flow rate of the teat is made to vary substantially linearly when it is rotated in one direction or the other from a value of ϑ corresponding to 0 ° , 45 ° or 90 ° (position of the teat on minimum flow I, intermediate II or maximum III), while keeping a significant difference in flow between the maximum flow and the minimum flow. The maximum flow rate is then sufficient for the bottle to be used for porridge or mashed vegetables.
De plus, il faut noter qu'avec la fente angulaire selon l'invention, le débit du biberon, lorsque la tétine n'est pas écrasée, est négligeable.In addition, it should be noted that with the angular slot according to the invention, the flow rate of the bottle, when the nipple is not crushed, is negligible.
La description ci-dessous d'une tétine de biberon selon l'invention, donnée à titre illustratif et non limitatif, ainsi que le dessin annexé permettront de mieux comprendre l'invention.The description below of a bottle nipple according to the invention, given by way of illustration and not limitation, as well as the appended drawing will allow a better understanding of the invention.
Sur le dessin annexé :
- la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une tétine selon l'invention ;
- la figure 2 représente la tétine de la figure 1 vue par en-dessous ;
- la figure 3 représente un agrandissement du mamelon de la figure 2 ;
- les figures 4 à 11 sont des courbes donnant le débit de la tétine en fonction de l'angle ϑ de rotation de la tétine par rapport à la position de référence ci-dessus définie.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a pacifier according to the invention;
- Figure 2 shows the teat of Figure 1 seen from below;
- Figure 3 shows an enlargement of the nipple of Figure 2;
- Figures 4 to 11 are curves giving the flow of the teat as a function of the angle ϑ of rotation of the teat relative to the reference position defined above.
En se référant à la figure 1, on voit que l'on a désigné par 1 la tétine selon l'invention ; cette tétine a un axe de symétrie ; elle comporte un mamelon 2, un corps plus ou moins en forme de cloche 5 et un rebord 6 pour sa fixation sur le biberon.Referring to FIG. 1, it can be seen that the teat according to the invention has been designated by 1; this teat has an axis of symmetry; it comprises a
La surface de l'extrémité du mamelon 2 est convexe et a la forme d'une calotte sphérique ; on y a pratiqué par coupage sans enlèvement de matière une fente 3 comportant deux branches 3a et 3b faisant entre elles un angle Γ, l'angle complémentaire étant désigné par α. Le sommet de l'angle est situé sur l'axe de la tétine. La fente 3 est munie de trois trous circulaires 4a, 4b, 4c ; le trou 4a est situé au sommet de la fente et a le même axe que la tétine ; les trous 4b et 4c sont percés aux extrémités opposées des branches 3a et 3b respectivement, de la fente angulaire. Les branches 3a, 3b ont respectivement pour longueur l₁ et l₂ (l₁ > l₂).The surface of the end of the
A la partie inférieure du corps 5 de la tétine sont placés trois repères I, II et III. Les repères I et III se trouvent dans des plans perpendiculaires ; le repère III est dans le plan de la branche 3a du côté où se trouve le trou 4b ; le repère I est à l'intérieur de l'angle obtus Γ formé par les deux branches de la fente. Le repère II est à 135° des repères I et III. Lorsqu'on dispose le repère I sous le nez du nourrisson qui va utiliser la tétine, le mouvement de succion s'effectue sans qu'il y ait une grande ouverture de la fente 3, c'est-à-dire que l'on obtient le débit minimum de la tétine ; lorsqu'au contraire, on dispose le repère III sous le nez du nourrisson par rotation du biberon autour de son axe, on obtient le débit maximum en raison de l'écartement des lèvres de la fente 3 ; si le repère II est placé sous le nez du nourrisson, le débit d'alimentation est proche de la moyenne entre le débit au repère I et le débit au repère III.At the lower part of the
Lorsque le mouvement de succion d'une aspiration du nourrisson est arrêté, l'air pénètre par les trous 4a, 4b, 4c et annule la dépression qui a été créée à l'intérieur du biberon. De plus les trous 4a, 4b et 4c empêchent la longueur des branches de la fente 3 d'évoluer en cours d'utilisation.When the suction movement of an infant's aspiration is stopped, the air enters through the holes 4 a , 4 b , 4 c and cancels the depression which has been created inside the bottle. In addition, the holes 4 a , 4 b and 4 c prevent the length of the branches of the
Les exemples comparatifs donnés ci-dessous permettront également de mieux comprendre l'invention.The comparative examples given below will also allow a better understanding of the invention.
Les essais ont été effectués selon le protocole décrit ci-dessous. La tétine est montée sur un biberon, celui-ci est placé verticalement sur un support, tétine en bas. Le fond du biberon est ouvert, ce qui permet d'appliquer sur l'eau qu'il contient, une surpression d'air de 4kPa, qui correspond à la succion exercée par l'enfant. Pour reproduire les conditions d'utilisation, le mamelon est écrasé, selon l'axe d'écrasement AE, dans des mâchoires distantes de 7 mm, qui représentent les mâchoires de l'enfant : on mesure la quantité d'eau qui s'écoule pendant 30 secondes et les débits sont exprimés en cm³/mn.The tests were carried out according to the protocol described below. The teat is mounted on a bottle, which is placed vertically on a support, teat at the bottom. The bottom of the bottle is open, which allows to apply on the water it contains, an air pressure of 4kPa, which corresponds to the suction exerted by the child. To reproduce the conditions of use, the nipple is crushed, along the crushing axis AE, in jaws 7 mm apart, which represent the child's jaws: we measure the amount of water flowing for 30 seconds and the flow rates are expressed in cm³ / min.
Les repères I, II, III sont positionnés sur la tétine comme indiqué au cours de la précédente description des figures 1 à 3.The marks I, II, III are positioned on the teat as indicated during the previous description of Figures 1 to 3.
Au départ le plan diamétral de la tétine, qui contient le repère I, passe par l'axe d'écrasement AE de la tétine. On fait ensuite tourner les mâchoires par rapport au biberon d'un angle ϑ de 10° en 10° dans le sens de la flèche f (voir figure 2), et on mesure le débit du biberon pour les différents angles ϑ. On obtient les courbes des figures 4 à 11. Chaque point de la courbe correspond à la moyenne de mesures effectuées sur cinq tétines identiques, la mesure étant répétée deux fois sur chaque tétine.At the start, the diametral plane of the teat, which contains the reference I, passes through the crushing axis AE of the teat. Then rotate the jaws relative to the bottle by an angle ϑ of 10 ° to 10 ° in the direction of the arrow f (see Figure 2), and measure the flow rate of the bottle for the different angles ϑ. The curves of FIGS. 4 to 11 are obtained. Each point of the curve corresponds to the average of measurements carried out on five identical teats, the measurement being repeated twice on each teat.
La courbe de la figure 4 a été établie avec une tétine à fente rectiligne de 2,8 mm comportant un trou de 0,20 mm de diamètre à chaque extrémité. Cette courbe est donnée à titre de comparaison : elle correspond à une tétine à fente angulaire pour laquelle Γ = 180° et l₁ = l₂ = 1,4 mm. La tétine testée fait partie de l'état de la technique (FR-2 052206). On voit qu'au voisinage du repère I, le débit ne croît pratiquement pas lorsque l'angle ϑ croît. La valeur du débit pour ϑ = 0 (repère I sur AE) est de 20 cm³/mn ; pour ϑ = 135° (position II sur AE) il est de 94,5 cm³/mn et pour ϑ = 270° (repère III sur AE), il est de 281 cm³/mn. Le débit en position II est donc assez peu différent de celui en position I, ce qui n'est pas satisfaisant.The curve of Figure 4 was established with a 2.8mm straight slot nipple with a 0.20mm diameter hole at each end. This curve is given for comparison: it corresponds to a nipple with an angular slot for which Γ = 180 ° and l₁ = l₂ = 1.4 mm. The nipple tested is part of the state of the art (FR-2 052206). We see that in the vicinity of the reference I, the flow rate practically does not increase when the angle ϑ increases. The value of the flow rate for ϑ = 0 (mark I on AE) is 20 cm³ / min; for ϑ = 135 ° (position II on AE) it is 94.5 cm³ / min and for ϑ = 270 ° (reference III on AE), it is 281 cm³ / min. The flow in position II is therefore not very different from that in position I, which is not satisfactory.
La courbe de la figure 5 a été tracée pour une tétine comportant une fente rectiligne de 3,6 mm comportant trois trous de 0,20 mm de diamètre, un à chaque extrémité de la fente et un au milieu. La figure 5 est donc aussi fournie à titre de comparaison ; elle correspond à une tétine à fente angulaire pour laquelle ϑ = 180° et l₁ = l₂ = 1,8 mm. La valeur du débit pour ϑ = 0 est de 15 cm³/mn, pour ϑ = 135° de 101,5 cm³/mn et pour ϑ = 270° de 376 cm³/mn. On voit que la courbe est moins aplatie au voisinage de la position I que la courbe de la figure 4, mais le débit en position II est encore très loin d'être la moyenne arithmétique des débits en position I et III. En conséquence, le remède au défaut de l'état de la technique n'est pas fourni par la mise en oeuvre d'un troisième trou au centre de la fente.The curve in FIG. 5 has been plotted for a nipple comprising a 3.6 mm rectilinear slot comprising three holes of 0.20 mm in diameter, one at each end of the slot and one in the middle. Figure 5 is therefore also provided for comparison; it corresponds to a nipple with an angular slot for which ϑ = 180 ° and l₁ = l₂ = 1.8 mm. The value of the flow for ϑ = 0 is 15 cm³ / min, for ϑ = 135 ° of 101.5 cm³ / min and for ϑ = 270 ° of 376 cm³ / min. It can be seen that the curve is less flattened in the vicinity of position I than the curve in FIG. 4, but the flow in position II is still far from being the arithmetic mean of the flows in position I and III. Consequently, the remedy for the defect in the prior art is not provided by the implementation of a third hole in the center of the slot.
La courbe de la figure 6 a été tracée pour une tétine ayant une fente angulaire selon l'invention avec Γ = 165°, trois trous de 0,20 mm de diamètre aux extrémités et au milieu de la fente, et l₁ = l₂ = 1,8 mm. On voit que les positions ϑ = 0 et ϑ = 270° ne correspondent pas exactement aux valeurs minimale et maximale du débit, mais sont décalées d'environ 10° par rapport à celles-ci. La position I′ du minimum correspond à ϑ = 10° et la position III′ du maximum correspond à ϑ = 280°. La position intermédiaire, dite position II′, correspond donc à ϑ = 145°.The curve of FIG. 6 has been drawn for a teat having an angular slot according to the invention with Γ = 165 °, three holes of 0.20 mm in diameter at the ends and in the middle of the slot, and l₁ = l₂ = 1 , 8 mm. It can be seen that the positions ϑ = 0 and ϑ = 270 ° do not correspond exactly to the minimum and maximum values of the flow rate, but are offset by approximately 10 ° relative to these. Position I ′ of the minimum corresponds to ϑ = 10 ° and position III ′ of the maximum corresponds to ϑ = 280 °. The intermediate position, called position II ′, therefore corresponds to ϑ = 145 °.
Il est bien évident que, dans la pratique, on placerait sur la tétine les repères I, II et III à l'emplacement des positions I′, II′ et III′. Le débit pour ϑ = 10° est de 12 cm³/mn, pour ϑ = 145° de 185 cm³/mn et pour ϑ = 280° de 350 cm³/mn. On voit donc que le débit en position II′ est relativement voisin de la moyenne des débits en position I′ et III′. D'autre part, on voit sur la courbe que si on se décale de la position I′, en tournant le biberon par exemple de 10 à 20° dans un sens ou dans l'autre, le débit croît assez linéairement : on peut donc modifier de façon notable le débit en modifiant légèrement la position du biberon. De même, on peut faire décroître linéairement le débit du biberon en le décalant dans un sens ou dans l'autre à partir de la position III′ ou de la position II′.It is quite obvious that, in practice, we would place on the teat the marks I, II and III at the location of positions I ′, II ′ and III ′. The flow for ϑ = 10 ° is 12 cm³ / min, for ϑ = 145 ° of 185 cm³ / min and for ϑ = 280 ° of 350 cm³ / min. It can therefore be seen that the flow rate in position II ′ is relatively close to the average of the flow rates in position I ′ and III ′. On the other hand, we see on the curve that if we shift from position I ′, by turning the bottle for example from 10 to 20 ° in one direction or the other, the flow rate increases fairly linearly: we can therefore significantly modify the flow rate by slightly modifying the position of the bottle. Similarly, the flow rate of the bottle can be linearly decreased by shifting it in one direction or the other from position III ′ or position II ′.
La courbe de la figure 7 a été tracée pour une tétine ayant une fente angulaire selon l'invention pour laquelle Γ = 135°, l₁ = l₂ = 1,8 mm et comportant trois trous comme pour la tétine de la figure 6. On voit que les valeurs minimale et maximale ne correspondent pas à la coïncidence de AE sur les repères I, II, III mais sont décalées par rapport à ceux-ci de 20°. Le débit pour la position I′ (ϑ = 20°) est de 16 cm³/mn, pour la position II′ (ϑ = 155°) de 196 cm³/mn, et pour la position III′ (ϑ = 290°) de 351 cm³/mn. Le débit en position II′ est assez voisin de la moyenne des débits en position I′ et III′. On voit également sur les courbes que l'on peut faire varier linéairement les débits de la tétine en faisant tourner le biberon de moins de 45° autour des trois positions I′, II′, III′.The curve of FIG. 7 has been plotted for a teat having an angular slot according to the invention for which Γ = 135 °, l₁ = l₂ = 1.8 mm and comprising three holes as for the teat of FIG. 6. It can be seen that the minimum and maximum values do not correspond to the coincidence of AE on the marks I, II, III but are offset from them by 20 °. The flow rate for position I ′ (ϑ = 20 °) is 16 cm³ / min, for position II ′ (ϑ = 155 °) is 196 cm³ / min, and for position III ′ (ϑ = 290 °) is 351 cm³ / min. The flow in position II ′ is fairly close to the average of the flow in position I ′ and III ′. We also see on the curves that we can vary linearly the teat flow rates by rotating the bottle less than 45 ° around the three positions I ′, II ′, III ′.
La courbe de la figure 8 a été tracée pour une tétine ayant une fente angulaire selon l'invention pour laquelle Γ = 105°, l1= l₂ = 1,8 mm avec trois trous comme pour le test de la figure 7. On voit que les valeurs minimale (position I′) et maximale (position III′) du débit sont décalées de 40° environ par rapport aux repères I et III. Le débit en position I′ (ϑ = 40°) est de 22 cm³/mn, en position II′ (ϑ = 175°) de 181 cm³/mn et en position III′ (ϑ = 310°) de 277 cm³/mn.The curve of FIG. 8 has been drawn for a teat having an angular slot according to the invention for which Γ = 105 °, l 1 = l₂ = 1.8 mm with three holes as for the test in FIG. 7. We see that the minimum (position I ′) and maximum (position III ′) values of the flow are offset by approximately 40 ° with respect to the marks I and III. The flow in position I ′ (ϑ = 40 °) is 22 cm³ / min, in position II ′ (ϑ = 175 °) of 181 cm³ / min and in position III ′ (ϑ = 310 °) of 277 cm³ / min .
On peut, par ailleurs, constater sur les courbes 6 à 8 que le débit maximal en position III′ varie, toutes conditions égales par ailleurs, de 356 cm³/mn pour Γ = 165° à 277 cm³/mn pour Γ = 105°. La valeur maximale du débit décroît lorsque l'angle Γ décroît.We can, moreover, note on
La courbe de la figure 11 a été tracée pour une tétine ayant une fente angulaire pour laquelle Γ = 105°, l₁ = 1,8 mm et l₂ = 0,4 mm. Les résultats obtenus sont satisfaisants.The curve in FIG. 11 has been drawn for a nipple having an angular slot for which Γ = 105 °, l₁ = 1.8 mm and l₂ = 0.4 mm. The results obtained are satisfactory.
La courbe de la figure 9 a été tracée pour une tétine hors de l'invention ayant une fente en V pour laquelle Γ = 90° et l₁ = l₂ = 1,8 mm. On voit sur la courbe que le débit minimum est trop élevé et que la différence entre le débit minimum et le débit maximum est trop faible.The curve in FIG. 9 has been drawn for a nipple outside the invention having a V-shaped slot for which Γ = 90 ° and l₁ = l₂ = 1.8 mm. We see on the curve that the minimum flow is too high and that the difference between the minimum flow and the maximum flow is too small.
La courbe de la figure 10 a été tracée pour une tétine hors de l'invention, ayant une fente en V pour laquelle Γ = 45° et l₁ = l₂ = 1,8 mm. On voit que la courbe n'est plus régulière et ne présente plus de minimum ou de maximum net.The curve of FIG. 10 has been drawn for a nipple outside the invention, having a V-shaped slot for which Γ = 45 ° and l₁ = l₂ = 1.8 mm. We see that the curve is no longer regular and no longer has a minimum or a net maximum.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8901611 | 1989-02-08 | ||
FR8901611A FR2642646B1 (en) | 1989-02-08 | 1989-02-08 | VARIABLE FLOW RATE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0382631A1 EP0382631A1 (en) | 1990-08-16 |
EP0382631B1 true EP0382631B1 (en) | 1992-08-12 |
Family
ID=9378583
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90400329A Expired - Lifetime EP0382631B1 (en) | 1989-02-08 | 1990-02-07 | Variable delivery teat |
Country Status (19)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5117994A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0382631B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2930218B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR910700038A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE79250T1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9005027A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2025669C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69000247T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0382631T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2034823T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2642646B1 (en) |
GR (1) | GR3005428T3 (en) |
IE (1) | IE63659B1 (en) |
MA (1) | MA21742A1 (en) |
OA (1) | OA09267A (en) |
PT (2) | PT93072A (en) |
TN (1) | TNSN90012A1 (en) |
TR (1) | TR24482A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1990009161A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
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USD448242S1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2001-09-25 | Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. | Trainer cup |
USD448976S1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2001-10-09 | Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. | Pinched trainer cup |
USD450535S1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2001-11-20 | Mcdonough Justin E. | Trainer cup |
US6422415B1 (en) | 1998-02-06 | 2002-07-23 | Playtex Products, Inc. | Leak-proof cup assembly with flow control element |
CN105769585A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2016-07-20 | 玛帕有限公司 | Teat |
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GB2266045B (en) * | 1992-04-07 | 1996-09-18 | Mandy Nicola Haberman | Drinking vessel suitable for use as a trainer cup or the like |
FR2715062A1 (en) * | 1994-01-20 | 1995-07-21 | Ott Renaud | Teat for baby's feeding bottle with flow rate indication marks |
FR2726466B1 (en) * | 1994-11-04 | 1996-12-27 | Grasset Joseph | ADJUSTABLE FLOW BOTTLE FOR BOTTLES |
US5544766A (en) * | 1994-11-04 | 1996-08-13 | Munchkin Bottling Inc. | Coded two part nipple members for baby bottles and method of making |
USD384748S (en) * | 1995-11-09 | 1997-10-07 | Munchkin, Inc. | Baby bottle nipple |
AU4673896A (en) * | 1996-03-01 | 1997-09-16 | Lamprecht Ag | Teat for a bottle |
GB0022345D0 (en) | 2000-09-12 | 2000-10-25 | Jackel Int Ltd | A drinking vessel |
US6883672B2 (en) * | 2002-05-03 | 2005-04-26 | Munchkin, Inc. | Variable flow infant feeding assembly |
GT200300162A (en) * | 2002-08-05 | 2008-01-21 | ANTI DRINK PRODUCT - SPILL. | |
EP1537740A1 (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2005-06-08 | Koninklijke KPN N.V. | Method and system for directing interactive tv game shows |
US7712617B2 (en) * | 2002-11-08 | 2010-05-11 | Medela Holding Ag | Artificial nipple |
US20060011571A1 (en) | 2002-11-08 | 2006-01-19 | Silver Brian H | Artificial nipple with reinforcement |
US20040144435A1 (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2004-07-29 | Dark Richard C.G. | Check valve |
US6883677B2 (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2005-04-26 | Fort James Corporation | Disposable drinking device |
US7757885B2 (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2010-07-20 | Dixie Consumer Products Llc | Disposable container with deformable brim |
US7147121B2 (en) * | 2003-04-03 | 2006-12-12 | Abc Development Inc. | Valve for non-spill cup |
US7540388B2 (en) * | 2004-05-07 | 2009-06-02 | Medela Holding Ag | Artificial feeding nipple tip with variable flow construction |
DE202005014621U1 (en) | 2005-09-12 | 2007-02-01 | Mapa Gmbh Gummi- Und Plastikwerke | teats |
US8863969B2 (en) | 2007-09-04 | 2014-10-21 | Chantal Lau | Feeding bottle system |
US8950607B2 (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2015-02-10 | Michele Rieppel | Feeding assembly for a baby feeding bottle with enhanced flow characteristics |
US10375935B2 (en) | 2013-11-04 | 2019-08-13 | Rose Acre Farms, Inc. | Aviary walkway and ventilation system and method of circulating air in an aviary |
USD739539S1 (en) | 2013-11-07 | 2015-09-22 | Munchkin, Inc. | Accordion nipple top |
US10149800B2 (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2018-12-11 | Craig E. Brown | User controllable noncollapsible variable stream physiological dispenser in the form of a patterned nipple |
US9907731B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2018-03-06 | Chantal Lau | Self-paced ergonomic infant feeding bottle |
US9913780B2 (en) | 2016-07-21 | 2018-03-13 | Carr Lane Quackenbush | Bite-safe artificial teat |
US20190117518A1 (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2019-04-25 | Khoa Tho Le | Air-free, flow-control feeding bottle |
US10940600B2 (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2021-03-09 | Mace Corporation | Device and method of forming an opening in a baby bottle nipple |
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US2063424A (en) * | 1934-12-01 | 1936-12-08 | Ferguson Eimer | Nursing nipple |
US2805663A (en) * | 1954-11-19 | 1957-09-10 | Harry K Robinson | Dispensing device |
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US3200860A (en) * | 1961-04-03 | 1965-08-17 | Mead Johnson & Co | Nursing apparatus |
FR2052206A5 (en) * | 1969-07-29 | 1971-04-09 | Oreal | |
GB2131301B (en) * | 1982-11-25 | 1985-12-11 | Mandy Nicola Haberman | Baby's feeding apparatus |
-
1989
- 1989-02-08 FR FR8901611A patent/FR2642646B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1990
- 1990-02-02 IE IE39690A patent/IE63659B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-02-05 MA MA22004A patent/MA21742A1/en unknown
- 1990-02-06 PT PT93072A patent/PT93072A/en active IP Right Grant
- 1990-02-07 DK DK90400329.0T patent/DK0382631T3/en active
- 1990-02-07 ES ES199090400329T patent/ES2034823T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-07 DE DE9090400329T patent/DE69000247T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-07 EP EP90400329A patent/EP0382631B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-07 AT AT90400329T patent/ATE79250T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-02-08 WO PCT/FR1990/000123 patent/WO1990009161A1/en active Application Filing
- 1990-02-08 JP JP2503616A patent/JP2930218B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-02-08 TN TNTNSN90012A patent/TNSN90012A1/en unknown
- 1990-02-08 TR TR90/0119A patent/TR24482A/en unknown
- 1990-02-08 BR BR909005027A patent/BR9005027A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-02-08 CA CA002025669A patent/CA2025669C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-08 KR KR1019900702186A patent/KR910700038A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-02-08 US US07/582,904 patent/US5117994A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-10-08 OA OA59868A patent/OA09267A/en unknown
-
1992
- 1992-08-13 GR GR920401716T patent/GR3005428T3/el unknown
-
1995
- 1995-12-22 PT PT9235U patent/PT9235U/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6422415B1 (en) | 1998-02-06 | 2002-07-23 | Playtex Products, Inc. | Leak-proof cup assembly with flow control element |
USD448242S1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2001-09-25 | Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. | Trainer cup |
USD448976S1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2001-10-09 | Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. | Pinched trainer cup |
USD450535S1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2001-11-20 | Mcdonough Justin E. | Trainer cup |
USD452116S1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2001-12-18 | Mcdonough Justin E. | Trainer cup |
USD452415S1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2001-12-25 | Mcdonough Justin E. | Pinched trainer cup |
USD463216S1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2002-09-24 | Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. | Trainer cup |
CN105769585A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2016-07-20 | 玛帕有限公司 | Teat |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0382631A1 (en) | 1990-08-16 |
CA2025669C (en) | 2000-04-11 |
PT93072A (en) | 1990-08-31 |
TR24482A (en) | 1991-11-01 |
PT9235T (en) | 1996-04-30 |
OA09267A (en) | 1992-08-31 |
PT9235U (en) | 1997-08-29 |
JPH03504455A (en) | 1991-10-03 |
US5117994A (en) | 1992-06-02 |
DK0382631T3 (en) | 1992-09-28 |
IE63659B1 (en) | 1995-05-31 |
WO1990009161A1 (en) | 1990-08-23 |
ES2034823T3 (en) | 1993-04-01 |
DE69000247T2 (en) | 1993-01-07 |
MA21742A1 (en) | 1990-10-01 |
FR2642646B1 (en) | 1991-04-05 |
DE69000247D1 (en) | 1992-09-17 |
IE900396L (en) | 1990-08-08 |
KR910700038A (en) | 1991-03-13 |
BR9005027A (en) | 1991-08-06 |
FR2642646A1 (en) | 1990-08-10 |
JP2930218B2 (en) | 1999-08-03 |
ATE79250T1 (en) | 1992-08-15 |
GR3005428T3 (en) | 1993-05-24 |
TNSN90012A1 (en) | 1991-03-05 |
CA2025669A1 (en) | 1990-08-09 |
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