EP0380396B1 - Motor vehicle headlamp comprising one light source and producing two different beams - Google Patents

Motor vehicle headlamp comprising one light source and producing two different beams Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0380396B1
EP0380396B1 EP90400170A EP90400170A EP0380396B1 EP 0380396 B1 EP0380396 B1 EP 0380396B1 EP 90400170 A EP90400170 A EP 90400170A EP 90400170 A EP90400170 A EP 90400170A EP 0380396 B1 EP0380396 B1 EP 0380396B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
masking
source
headlight according
zone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP90400170A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0380396A1 (en
Inventor
Hector Fratty
Joel Leleve
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Valeo Vision SAS
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Valeo Vision SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
    • F21S41/68—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on screens
    • F21S41/683—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on screens by moving screens
    • F21S41/692—Shields, i.e. screens not creating an image meant to be projected
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/17—Discharge light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/33—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature
    • F21S41/334—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature the reflector consisting of patch like sectors
    • F21S41/335—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature the reflector consisting of patch like sectors with continuity at the junction between adjacent areas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to motor vehicle headlamps, and more particularly relates to a headlamp capable of emitting two light beams of different types using a single light source, by mechanically affecting the geometry of source / reflector cooperation.
  • the invention relates to a headlamp of the type in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.
  • French patent FR-A-1 296 036 describes (page 2, right column) as a particular embodiment a projector in which the filament is fixed relative to the reflector, and the reflector comprises a parabolic upper part whose focal point is offset behind the filament, to form a passing beam, and a lower part also parabolic, but focused in the vicinity of the filament, to form in combination with the upper part a driving beam.
  • the two parts of the reflector are separated from each other in the horizontal plane passing through the optical axis, while an occlusion screen is capable of selectively intercepting the rays coming from the source in the direction of the part. lower to make the route / crossing change.
  • a main disadvantage of this type of projector is that, because the cut-off of the passing beam is directly created by the edge of the screen or screens, and because of the inevitable games in the mechanical design of such a mobile blackout screen, the position of the cut-off is defined with an imprecision which is not compatible with the photometric requirements imposed by the various regulations.
  • the present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks of the prior art and to propose a projector in which the photometry of the beams, and in particular the definition and the position of the cut-off of a passing beam or an anti-fog beam, either independent of any play or inaccuracies in the position of a screening screen intervening to form the beam considered.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a headlamp of the type specified in the introduction which can without disadvantage have an extremely reduced height, in accordance with current design requirements.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a spotlight in which, without having to modify its general configuration, it is easy to modify the area of the reflective zone assigned to each type of beam.
  • the invention aims to propose such a projector, in which the two beams formed can be either complementary or independent.
  • the invention provides a headlamp of the type defined in the introduction, having the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • An essential advantage of the headlamp according to the invention lies in that the cut-off of the beam (s) is no longer defined by the movable blackout screen, but by the reflector itself. As a result, this cutoff is defined with an excellent position and sharpness regardless of play, vibration, etc., which may affect the position or the stability of the screen.
  • a projector comprises a lamp 100, a reflector 200 and a closing front glass 300.
  • the lamp is a discharge lamp , capable of producing between two electrodes an elongated electric arc disposed essentially axially in the vicinity of the optical axis 0x, in a well known manner.
  • 102 and 104 are indicated respectively the base and the sealed bulb of the lamp.
  • Its supply terminals are designated by 108.
  • a direct light cover 106 is also provided to avoid the glare of the drivers or pedestrians located in front of the vehicle.
  • the cover 106 here has the form of a cylinder of revolution closed at its front end and whose open rear end has a complex contour such that the rays directed towards optically inoperative parts of the reflector (cheeks, etc.) are intercepted by the cover.
  • a filament lamp such as a tungsten filament, or any other lamp comprising a single light source.
  • the reflector 200 is here a reflector of low height and large width, truncated by two upper and lower cheeks 240, 250, essentially horizontal.
  • the surface of the reflector 200 is divided into two distinct reflecting zones 210 and 220 capable of emitting two light beams of different types respectively, and this separation is carried out in the present example according to the plan vertical axial x0z of the projector.
  • a separation according to two half-planes passing through the optical axis Ox, but of substantial inclination relative to the horizontal, as indicated by the dashed lines P and P ′, is also conceivable. It is thus easy to modify the respective areas of the reflective zones 210, 220, and consequently the intensities of the two beams formed.
  • the left zone (in front view) 210 of the reflector can be constituted by a part of a reflective surface capable of generating by itself, that is to say without the intervention of a cover. blackout or the like, the V-cut specific to the European standard passing beam. In practice, it may be half of an area among those described in French patents and patent applications FR-A-2 536 502, 2 599 121 and 2 609 148 in the name of the Applicant, to which we will refer for more details.
  • the right-hand zone 220 of the reflector is a part of a surface capable of generating a beam essentially complementary to the passing beam. It may, for example, be a portion of a paraboloid with respect to the focal point of which the arc is off-center, or even a half of the surface as described in French patent application FR-A-2 600 024, the content of which is also incorporated by reference and to which reference will be made for further details.
  • the projector also comprises, as shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 4a and 4b (and not illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 for the sake of clarity, a screening screen 420 which here has the shape of a half-cylinder of revolution d the horizontal axis essentially coincides with the optical axis, which is articulated by an edge on an axis 440 parallel to the optical axis and located below the lamp, this axis being for example mounted on the direct light cover 106.
  • Drive means can be controlled from the passenger compartment of the vehicle to move the screen 420 between a first position or concealed position (FIG. 4a), in which it is placed against the cover 106 to intercept the radiation from the arc of the lamp in the direction of the zone 220 of the reflector, and a second position or erasing position (FIG. 4b), in which it is released of the cover 106, the area 220 now being exposed to radiation. It is observed that, in this example, the zone 210 is always exposed to radiation.
  • the whole of the reflector participates in the creation of the beam, so that the latter is constituted by the superposition of the driving beam generated by the area 210 and the complementary beam generated by the area 220, and thus constitutes a driving beam.
  • FIGS. 5a to 5d there are diagrammatically illustrated four possibilities of using a headlamp comprising a first reflecting zone 210 such as a surface forming by itself a passing beam and a second reflecting zone 220 in the form parabola focused in the vicinity of the arc of the lamp 100.
  • a headlamp comprising a first reflecting zone 210 such as a surface forming by itself a passing beam and a second reflecting zone 220 in the form parabola focused in the vicinity of the arc of the lamp 100.
  • Two masking screens 410, 420 for example articulated and mounted on the same axis 440 located below the lamp 100, are respectively associated with the areas 210 and 220 , to selectively expose them to light from the arc or, on the contrary, hide them.
  • This projector is further characterized in that the screening screen 410 assigned to the area 210 of the reflector comprises one or more small orifices, as indicated in 412, to allow a predetermined amount of the light emitted by the direction of the reflector to pass. the arc.
  • the two screens 410, 420 are in the occultation position, as illustrated, and only a small amount of the light from the arc is allowed to exit towards the zone 210, which normally reflects it forward. .
  • FIG. 5b the concealment screen 410 is open. This situation is equivalent to that of FIG. 4a, and the headlamp emits a passing beam.
  • FIG. 5c illustrates the case where the blackout screen 410 is closed, while the blackout screen 420 is open. Only the region 220 of the reflector participates in the shape of the beam, so that the beam generated is an ordinary driving beam, concentrated on the optical axis.
  • FIG. 5d illustrates a last possibility offered by this reflector: by simultaneously opening the two screens 410, 420, the driving beam and the passing beam are superimposed, in this case obtaining an extremely powerful beam, offering visual comfort to both in the distance and closer to the vehicle.
  • this projector offers four light functions, all of excellent quality.
  • Figures 6a and 6b illustrate a practical embodiment of the concealment means used in the context of the present invention.
  • An occulting screen 410 has been illustrated in these figures intended to selectively mask the left-hand part (in front view) 210 of the reflector from the radiation coming from the electric arc.
  • a reversible electric motor 401 On a common support (not illustrated), for example integral with the reflector or the projector housing and molded therewith, is mounted a reversible electric motor 401 whose output shaft 401a carries a first gear 402. The latter meshes with a train reducer constituted by the gears 403, 404 and 405.
  • the final gear 405 carries an eccentric pin 406 on which a first end of a link 407 is articulated.
  • the direct light cover 106 here of essentially square cross section, carries on a vertical extension 106a an axis 409 on which the screening screen 410 is articulated by means of a tab 410a. At the free end of the tab 410a, that is to say opposite to the part providing the concealment with respect to the axis 409, there is provided an axis 408 on which the other end of the link 407 is articulated.
  • a rotation of the motor 401 causes, by means of the transmission constituted by the gears and the link, the passage of the screen 410 from the non-occultation or erasure position, illustrated in the figure. 6a, in the concealed position illustrated in FIG. 6b, and vice versa.
  • the transmission constituted by the gears and the link
  • the passage of the screen 410 from the non-occultation or erasure position, illustrated in the figure. 6a, in the concealed position illustrated in FIG. 6b, and vice versa.
  • the blackout screen 410 has a contour such that, in the blackout position, it seals the entire space between the rear edge of the cover 106 and the base 102 of the lamp, to thus effectively preventing any ray from reaching the reflecting area 210 of the reflector.
  • the present invention by a side-by-side arrangement of the reflective zones and, in combination, by the use of reflective surfaces capable of forming beams, in particular cut, without the screening screen intervening in the formation of the on the one hand, allows to realize backlights projectors with two functions and single source using an arc source, known for its high luminosity but until now unused in practice because the switching between two arcs takes place in an incompatible duration with the regulations, and on the other hand to realize projectors with two functions and single source of extremely reduced height, which meets well the current design requirements.
  • the present invention by allowing the use of a single arc source, further allows substantial savings compared to projector systems comprising not only two expensive arc lamps but also two equally expensive power supplies for these lamps.
  • any combination of beams other than that which has been indicated above can be envisaged.
  • the zone forming the passing beam by a zone forming by itself a fog beam, and responding for example to the surface as described in the French patent application FR-A- 2,536,503 in the name of the Applicant.
  • Another possibility consists in using for the concealable zone 220 a portion of paraboloid focused on the source and giving a so-called "spot" beam, extremely concentrated, and for the non-concealable zone 210 a surface such as that described in the application for FR-A-2 609 148 patent, generating by itself a beam of road of great width.
  • the electromechanical occultation means as described can be the subject of numerous variants.
  • the drive can be performed using an electromagnet instead of the electric motor.
  • non-electromechanical occultation means for example an electro-optical screen capable of assuming an opaque state and a transparent state, depending on the value of an electric voltage which is applied across its terminals.

Description

La présente invention a trait d'unè façon générale au projecteurs de véhicules automobiles, et concerne plus particulièrement un projecteur susceptible d'émettre deux faisceaux lumineux de types différents à l'aide d'une source lumineuse unique, en intervenant mécaniquement sur la géométrie de la coopération source/réflecteur.The present invention relates generally to motor vehicle headlamps, and more particularly relates to a headlamp capable of emitting two light beams of different types using a single light source, by mechanically affecting the geometry of source / reflector cooperation.

Plus précisément, l'invention concerne un projecteur du type conforme au préambule de la revendication 1.More specifically, the invention relates to a headlamp of the type in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.

On connaît déjà dans la technique antérieure un projecteur de ce type.A projector of this type is already known in the prior art.

Plus précisément, le brevet français FR-A-1 296 036 décrit (page 2, colonne de droite) à titre de mode de réalisation particulier un projecteur dans lequel le filament est fixe par rapport au réflecteur, et le réflecteur comprend une partie supérieure parabolique dont le foyer est décalé en arrière du filament, pour former un faisceau de croisement, et une partie inférieure également parabolique, mais focalisée au voisinage du filament, pour former en combinaison avec la partie supérieure un faisceau de route. Les deux parties du réflecteur sont séparées l'une de l'autre dans le plan horizontal passant par l'axe optique, tandis qu'un écran d'occulation est apte à venir sélectivement intercepter les rayons issus de la source en direction de la partie inférieure pour effectuer le changement route/croisement.More specifically, French patent FR-A-1 296 036 describes (page 2, right column) as a particular embodiment a projector in which the filament is fixed relative to the reflector, and the reflector comprises a parabolic upper part whose focal point is offset behind the filament, to form a passing beam, and a lower part also parabolic, but focused in the vicinity of the filament, to form in combination with the upper part a driving beam. The two parts of the reflector are separated from each other in the horizontal plane passing through the optical axis, while an occlusion screen is capable of selectively intercepting the rays coming from the source in the direction of the part. lower to make the route / crossing change.

Un inconvénient principal de ce type de projecteur réside en ce que, du fait que la coupure du faisceau de croisement est directement créée par le bord du ou des écrans d'occultation, et du fait des jeux inévitables dans la conception mécanique d'un tel écran d'occultation mobile, la position de la coupure est définie avec une imprécision qui n'est pas compatible avec les exigences photométriques imposées par les divers règlements.A main disadvantage of this type of projector is that, because the cut-off of the passing beam is directly created by the edge of the screen or screens, and because of the inevitable games in the mechanical design of such a mobile blackout screen, the position of the cut-off is defined with an imprecision which is not compatible with the photometric requirements imposed by the various regulations.

Ce phénomène est encore accentué dans les projecteurs de ce type répondant aux tendances de conception actuelles, c'est-à-dire présentant une hauteur très réduite et une grande largeur. Cela signifie que la coupure va être définie, tout au moins pour ce qui concerne les images de concentration, par des régions du réflecteur très éloignées de la source et de l'écran, et donc avec une amplification indésirable de l'erreur de positionnement de l'écran d'occultation.This phenomenon is further accentuated in projectors of this type responding to current design trends, that is to say having a very reduced height and a large width. This means that the cutoff will be defined, at least as far as the concentration images are concerned, by regions of the reflector very far from the source and from the screen, and therefore with an undesirable amplification of the positioning error of the blackout screen.

Un autre inconvénient encore des projecteurs connus réside dans la difficulté à privilégier l'intensité d'un faisceau au détriment de l'autre. Plus précisément, compte-tenu de l'exigence de faible hauteur sus-mentionnée, la recherche d'un gain en lumière pour l'un des faisceaux conduit à donner au réflecteur une plus grande largeur. Mais dans ce cas, l'autre faisceau bénéficie également d'un tel gain, si bien que le rapport entre les quantités de lumière propres aux deux faisceaux reste sensiblement le même.Yet another drawback of known spotlights lies in the difficulty in favoring the intensity of one beam to the detriment of the other. More precisely, taking into account the aforementioned low height requirement, the search for a gain in light for one of the beams leads to giving the reflector a greater width. But in this case, the other beam also benefits from such a gain, so that the ratio between the quantities of light specific to the two beams remains substantially the same.

On connaît en outre par le brevet français FR-A-690 678 un projecteur qui comprend un miroir parabolique dont une zone latérale mate ou dépolie est en permanence exposée au rayonnement de la source et dont l'autre zone peut être occultée par un élément d'occultation latéral. Un tel projecteur connu n'est donc pas à même d'engendrer deux faisceaux différents, car seule la zone occultable est capable de former un faisceau. Ce document ne saurait donc être d'un quelconque intérêt pour résoudre le problème auquel la présente invention se rapporte.Also known from French patent FR-A-690 678 is a projector which comprises a parabolic mirror of which a matt or frosted lateral zone is permanently exposed to the radiation of the source and the other zone of which can be obscured by an element of 'lateral occultation. Such a known projector is therefore not capable of generating two different beams, because only the concealable zone is capable of forming a beam. This document cannot therefore be of any interest for solving the problem to which the present invention relates.

La présente invention vise à pallier ces inconvénients de la technique antérieure et à proposer un projecteur dans lequel la photométrie des faisceaux, et en particulier la définition et la position de la coupure d'un faisceau de croisement ou d'un faisceau antibrouillard, soit indépendante d'éventuels jeux ou imprécisions dans la position d'un écran d'occultation intervenant pour former le faisceau considéré.The present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks of the prior art and to propose a projector in which the photometry of the beams, and in particular the definition and the position of the cut-off of a passing beam or an anti-fog beam, either independent of any play or inaccuracies in the position of a screening screen intervening to form the beam considered.

Un autre objet de la présente invention est de proposer un projecteur du type précisé en introduction qui puisse sans inconvénient présenter une hauteur extrêmement réduite, conformément aux exigences de conception actuelles.Another object of the present invention is to provide a headlamp of the type specified in the introduction which can without disadvantage have an extremely reduced height, in accordance with current design requirements.

Un autre objet encore de la présente invention est de proposer un projecteur dans lequel, sans avoir à modifier sa configuration générale, on puisse facilement modifier la superficie de la zone réfléchissante affectée à chaque type de faisceau.Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a spotlight in which, without having to modify its general configuration, it is easy to modify the area of the reflective zone assigned to each type of beam.

Enfin l'invention vise à proposer un tel projecteur, dans lequel les deux faisceaux formés puissent être indifféremment complémentaires ou indépendants.Finally, the invention aims to propose such a projector, in which the two beams formed can be either complementary or independent.

A cet effet, l'invention propose un projecteur du type défini en introduction, ayant les particularités de la partie caractérisante de la revendication 1.To this end, the invention provides a headlamp of the type defined in the introduction, having the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.

Des aspects préférés du projecteur de l'invention sont définis dans les sous revendications.Preferred aspects of the projector of the invention are defined in the subclaims.

Un avantage essentiel du projecteur conforme à l'invention réside en ce que la coupure du ou des faisceaux est définie non plus par l'écran d'occultation mobile, mais par le réflecteur lui-même. Il en résulte que cette coupure est définie avec une position et une netteté excellentes indépendamment de jeux, vibrations, etc., susceptibles d'affecter la position ou la stabilité de l'écran.An essential advantage of the headlamp according to the invention lies in that the cut-off of the beam (s) is no longer defined by the movable blackout screen, but by the reflector itself. As a result, this cutoff is defined with an excellent position and sharpness regardless of play, vibration, etc., which may affect the position or the stability of the screen.

D'autres aspects, buts et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront mieux à la lecture de la description détaillée suivante d'une forme de réalisation préférée de celle-ci, donnée à titre d'exemple et faite en référence aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue de face simplifiée d'un projecteur conforme à l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe horizontale du projecteur de la figure 1,
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe verticale axiale du projecteur des figures 1 et 2,
  • les figures 4a et 4b sont des vues de face schématiques du projecteur des figures 1 à 3, illustrant deux états possibles de celui-ci,
  • les figures 5a à 5d sont des vues de face schématiques illustrant quatre états possibles d'un projecteur selon une variante de réalisation de l'invention, et
  • les figures 6a et 6b sont des vues de côté d'une réalisation concrète d'un dispositif d'occultation conforme à l'invention, présenté dans deux positions différentes.
Other aspects, objects and advantages of the present invention will appear better on reading the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment thereof, given by way of example and made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which :
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified front view of a headlamp according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a view in horizontal section of the projector of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a view in axial vertical section of the headlight of FIGS. 1 and 2,
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b are schematic front views of the projector of FIGS. 1 to 3, illustrating two possible states of the latter,
  • FIGS. 5a to 5d are schematic front views illustrating four possible states of a projector according to an alternative embodiment of the invention, and
  • Figures 6a and 6b are side views of a concrete embodiment of a concealment device according to the invention, presented in two different positions.

En référence tout d'abord aux figures 1 à 3 et 4a, 4b, un projecteur conforme à l'invention comprend une lampe 100, un réflecteur 200 et une glace frontale de fermeture 300. Dans cet exemple, la lampe est une lampe à décharge, susceptible de produire entre deux électrodes un arc électrique allongé disposé essentiellement axialement au voisinage l'axe optique 0x, de façon bien connue. En 102 et 104 sont respectivement indiqués le culot et l'ampoule scellée de la lampe. Ses bornes d'alimentation sont désignées par 108. Du fait de l'importance du flux lumineux émis par ce type de lampe, un cache de lumière directe 106 est en outre prévu pour éviter l'éblouissement des conducteurs ou piétons situés devant le véhicule. Le cache 106 présente ici la forme d'un cylindre de révolution fermé à son extrémité avant et dont l'extrémité arrière ouverte présente un contour complexe tel que les rayons dirigés vers des parties optiquement inopérantes du réflecteur (joues,...) soient interceptés par le cache.Referring firstly to Figures 1 to 3 and 4a, 4b, a projector according to the invention comprises a lamp 100, a reflector 200 and a closing front glass 300. In this example, the lamp is a discharge lamp , capable of producing between two electrodes an elongated electric arc disposed essentially axially in the vicinity of the optical axis 0x, in a well known manner. In 102 and 104 are indicated respectively the base and the sealed bulb of the lamp. Its supply terminals are designated by 108. Due to the importance of the luminous flux emitted by this type of lamp, a direct light cover 106 is also provided to avoid the glare of the drivers or pedestrians located in front of the vehicle. The cover 106 here has the form of a cylinder of revolution closed at its front end and whose open rear end has a complex contour such that the rays directed towards optically inoperative parts of the reflector (cheeks, etc.) are intercepted by the cover.

Bien entendu, on peut également utiliser une lampe à filament, tel qu'un filament de tungstène, ou toute autre lampe comportant une source lumineuse unique.Of course, it is also possible to use a filament lamp, such as a tungsten filament, or any other lamp comprising a single light source.

Le réflecteur 200 est ici un réflecteur de faible hauteur et de grande largeur, tronqué par deux joues supérieure et inférieure 240, 250, essentiellement horizontales. Conformément à un aspect essentiel de l'invention, la surface du réflecteur 200 est divisé en deux zones réfléchissantes distinctes 210 et 220 susceptibles d'émettre respectivement deux faisceaux lumineux de types différents, et cette séparation s'effectue dans le présent exemple selon le plan vertical axial x0z du projecteur. Une séparation selon deux demi-plans passant par l'axe optique Ox, mais d'inclinaison substantielle par rapport à l'horizontale, comme indiqué par les lignes tiretées P et P′, est également envisageable. On peut ainsi modifier facilement les superficies respectives des zones réfléchissantes 210, 220, et par conséquent les intensités des deux faisceaux formés.The reflector 200 is here a reflector of low height and large width, truncated by two upper and lower cheeks 240, 250, essentially horizontal. In accordance with an essential aspect of the invention, the surface of the reflector 200 is divided into two distinct reflecting zones 210 and 220 capable of emitting two light beams of different types respectively, and this separation is carried out in the present example according to the plan vertical axial x0z of the projector. A separation according to two half-planes passing through the optical axis Ox, but of substantial inclination relative to the horizontal, as indicated by the dashed lines P and P ′, is also conceivable. It is thus easy to modify the respective areas of the reflective zones 210, 220, and consequently the intensities of the two beams formed.

Par exemple, la zone de gauche (en vue de face) 210 du réflecteur peut être constituée par une partie d'une surface réfléchissante apte à engendrer par elle-même, c'est-à-dire sans l'intervention d'un cache d'occultation ou analogue, la coupure en V propre au faisceau de croisement européen normalisé. En pratique, il peut s'agir d'une moitié d'une surface parmi celles qui sont décrites dans les brevets et demandes de brevets français FR-A-2 536 502, 2 599 121 et 2 609 148 au nom de la Demanderesse, auxquels on se réfèrera pour davantage de détails.For example, the left zone (in front view) 210 of the reflector can be constituted by a part of a reflective surface capable of generating by itself, that is to say without the intervention of a cover. blackout or the like, the V-cut specific to the European standard passing beam. In practice, it may be half of an area among those described in French patents and patent applications FR-A-2 536 502, 2 599 121 and 2 609 148 in the name of the Applicant, to which we will refer for more details.

Dans le présent exemple, la zone de droite 220 du réflecteur est une partie d'une surface apte à engendrer un faisceau essentiellement complémentaire du faisceau de croisement. Il peut s'agir par exemple d'une portion de paraboloïde par rapport au foyer duquel l'arc est décentré, ou encore d'une moitié de la surface telle que décrite dans la demande de brevet français FR-A-2 600 024, dont le contenu est également incorporé par référence et à laquelle on se réfèrera pour davantage de détails.In the present example, the right-hand zone 220 of the reflector is a part of a surface capable of generating a beam essentially complementary to the passing beam. It may, for example, be a portion of a paraboloid with respect to the focal point of which the arc is off-center, or even a half of the surface as described in French patent application FR-A-2 600 024, the content of which is also incorporated by reference and to which reference will be made for further details.

Le projecteur comprend en outre, comme représenté schématiquement sur les figures 4a et 4b (et non illustré sur les figures 1 à 3 par souci de clarté, un écran d'occultation 420 qui présente ici la forme d'un demi-cylindre de révolution d'axe horizontal essentiellement confondu avec l'axe optique, qui est articulé par un bord sur un axe 440 parallèle à l'axe optique et situé au-dessous de la lampe, cet axe étant par exemple monté sur le cache de lumière directe 106.The projector also comprises, as shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 4a and 4b (and not illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 for the sake of clarity, a screening screen 420 which here has the shape of a half-cylinder of revolution d the horizontal axis essentially coincides with the optical axis, which is articulated by an edge on an axis 440 parallel to the optical axis and located below the lamp, this axis being for example mounted on the direct light cover 106.

Des moyens d'entraînement (non illustrés), par exemple à moteur électrique ou à électro-aimant, peuvent être commandés depuis l'habitacle du véhicule pour déplacer l'écran 420 entre une première position ou position d'occultation (figure 4a), dans laquelle il vient se placer contre le cache 106 pour intercepter le rayonnement issu de l'arc de la lampe en direction de la zone 220 du réflecteur, et une seconde position ou position d'effacement (figure 4b), dans laquelle il est dégagé du cache 106, la zone 220 étant maintenant exposée au rayonnement. On observe que, dans cet exemple, la zone 210 est toujours exposée au rayonnement.Drive means (not illustrated), for example with an electric motor or an electromagnet, can be controlled from the passenger compartment of the vehicle to move the screen 420 between a first position or concealed position (FIG. 4a), in which it is placed against the cover 106 to intercept the radiation from the arc of the lamp in the direction of the zone 220 of the reflector, and a second position or erasing position (FIG. 4b), in which it is released of the cover 106, the area 220 now being exposed to radiation. It is observed that, in this example, the zone 210 is always exposed to radiation.

Il est clair que, dans la situation de la figure 4a, seule la zone 210 est active, si bien que le faisceau formé est un faisceau de croisement européen. On peut noter à cet égard que les diverses surfaces évoquées plus haut ont pour propriété de créer par elles-mêmes l'ensemble du faisceau même lorsque seulement une moitié de la surface est employée. Et compte-tenu de la très grande quantité de lumière engendrée par une source à arc, l'intensité du faisceau obtenu est plus qu'acceptable.It is clear that, in the situation in FIG. 4a, only the zone 210 is active, so that the beam formed is a European passing beam. It can be noted in this regard that the various surfaces mentioned more high have the property of creating by themselves the whole of the beam even when only half of the surface is used. And given the very large amount of light generated by an arc source, the intensity of the beam obtained is more than acceptable.

Dans la situation de la figure 4b, l'ensemble du réflecteur participe à la création du faisceau, si bien que ce dernier est constitué par la superposition du faisceau de route engendré par la zone 210 et du faisceau complémentaire engendré par la zone 220, et constitue ainsi un faisceau de route.In the situation in FIG. 4b, the whole of the reflector participates in the creation of the beam, so that the latter is constituted by the superposition of the driving beam generated by the area 210 and the complementary beam generated by the area 220, and thus constitutes a driving beam.

En référence maintenant aux figures 5a à 5d, on a illustré schématiquement quatre possibilités d'utilisation d'un projecteur comportant une première zone réfléchissante 210 telle qu'une surface formant par elle-même un faisceau de croisement et une deuxième zone réfléchissante 220 en forme de parabole focalisée au voisinage de l'arc de la lampe 100. Deux écrans d'occultation 410, 420, par exemple articulés et montés sur le même axe 440 situé au-dessous de la lampe 100, sont respectivement associés aux zones 210 et 220, pour sélectivement les exposer à la lumière issue de l'arc ou au contraire les masquer. Ce projecteur est en outre caractérisé en ce que l'écran d'occultation 410 affecté à la zone 210 du réflecteur comporte un ou plusieurs petits orifices, comme indiqué en 412, pour laisser passer en direction du réflecteur une quantité déterminée de la lumière émise par l'arc.Referring now to FIGS. 5a to 5d, there are diagrammatically illustrated four possibilities of using a headlamp comprising a first reflecting zone 210 such as a surface forming by itself a passing beam and a second reflecting zone 220 in the form parabola focused in the vicinity of the arc of the lamp 100. Two masking screens 410, 420, for example articulated and mounted on the same axis 440 located below the lamp 100, are respectively associated with the areas 210 and 220 , to selectively expose them to light from the arc or, on the contrary, hide them. This projector is further characterized in that the screening screen 410 assigned to the area 210 of the reflector comprises one or more small orifices, as indicated in 412, to allow a predetermined amount of the light emitted by the direction of the reflector to pass. the arc.

Sur la figure 5a, les deux écrans 410, 420 sont en position d'occultation, comme illustré, et seule une faible quantité de la lumière de l'arc est autorisée à sortir vers la zone 210, qui la réfléchit normalement vers l'avant. On crée de la sorte une fonction dite lanterne ou lampe de ville, délivrant en avant du véhicule une petite quantité de lumière destinée à la signalisation du véhicule plus qu'à l'éclairage de la route.In FIG. 5a, the two screens 410, 420 are in the occultation position, as illustrated, and only a small amount of the light from the arc is allowed to exit towards the zone 210, which normally reflects it forward. . This creates a so-called lantern or city lamp function, delivering a small amount of light to the vehicle in front of the vehicle. vehicle signaling more than road lighting.

Sur la figure 5b, l'écran d'occultation 410 est ouvert. Cette situation est équivalente à celle de la figure 4a, et le projecteur émet un faisceau de croisement.In FIG. 5b, the concealment screen 410 is open. This situation is equivalent to that of FIG. 4a, and the headlamp emits a passing beam.

On a illustré sur la figure 5c le cas où l'écran d'occultation 410 est fermé, tandis que l'écran d'occultation 420 est ouvert. Seule la zone 220 du réflecteur participe à la forme du faisceau, si bien que le faisceau engendré est un faisceau de route ordinaire, concentré sur l'axe optique.FIG. 5c illustrates the case where the blackout screen 410 is closed, while the blackout screen 420 is open. Only the region 220 of the reflector participates in the shape of the beam, so that the beam generated is an ordinary driving beam, concentrated on the optical axis.

Enfin la figure 5d illustre une dernière possibilité offerte par ce réflecteur: en ouvrant simultanément les deux écrans 410, 420, on superpose le faisceau de route et le faisceau de croisement, pour obtenir dans ce cas un faisceau extrêmement puissant, offrant un confort visuel à la fois dans le lointain et à plus grande proximité du véhicule.Finally, FIG. 5d illustrates a last possibility offered by this reflector: by simultaneously opening the two screens 410, 420, the driving beam and the passing beam are superimposed, in this case obtaining an extremely powerful beam, offering visual comfort to both in the distance and closer to the vehicle.

Ainsi, sans aucune commutation électrique de la lampe, mais en commandant de façon appropriée les moyens pour déplacer les écrans d'occultation, ce projecteur offre quatre fonctions lumineuses, toutes d'excellente qualité.Thus, without any electrical switching of the lamp, but by appropriately controlling the means for moving the screening screens, this projector offers four light functions, all of excellent quality.

Les figures 6a et 6b illustrent une forme de réalisation pratique des moyens d'occultation utilisés dans le cadre de la présente invention. On a illustré sur ces figures un écran d'occultation 410 destiné à sélectivement masquer au rayonnement issu de l'arc électrique la partie de gauche (en vue de face) 210 du réflecteur.Figures 6a and 6b illustrate a practical embodiment of the concealment means used in the context of the present invention. An occulting screen 410 has been illustrated in these figures intended to selectively mask the left-hand part (in front view) 210 of the reflector from the radiation coming from the electric arc.

Sur un support commun (non illustré), par exemple solidaire du réflecteur ou du boîtier du projecteur et venu de moulage avec lui, est monté un moteur électrique réversible 401 dont l'arbre de sortie 401a porte un premier engrenage 402. Ce dernier engrène avec un train réducteur constitué par les engrenages 403, 404 et 405. L'engrenage final 405 porte un axe excentré 406 sur lequel une première extrémité d'une biellette 407 est articulée.On a common support (not illustrated), for example integral with the reflector or the projector housing and molded therewith, is mounted a reversible electric motor 401 whose output shaft 401a carries a first gear 402. The latter meshes with a train reducer constituted by the gears 403, 404 and 405. The final gear 405 carries an eccentric pin 406 on which a first end of a link 407 is articulated.

Le cache de lumière directe 106, ici de section droite essentiellement carrée, porte sur un prolongement vertical 106a un axe 409 sur lequel l'écran d'occultation 410 est articulé par l'intermédiaire d'une patte 410a. A l'extrémité libre de la patte 410a, c'est-à-dire à l'opposé de la partie réalisant l'occultation par rapport à l'axe 409, est prévu un axe 408 sur lequel l'autre extrémité de la biellette 407 est articulée.The direct light cover 106, here of essentially square cross section, carries on a vertical extension 106a an axis 409 on which the screening screen 410 is articulated by means of a tab 410a. At the free end of the tab 410a, that is to say opposite to the part providing the concealment with respect to the axis 409, there is provided an axis 408 on which the other end of the link 407 is articulated.

On comprend qu'une mise en rotation du moteur 401 provoque, par l'intermédiaire de la transmission constituée par les engrenages et la biellette, le passage de l'écran 410 de la position de non occultation ou d'effacement, illustrée sur la figure 6a, à la position d'occultation illustrée sur la figure 6b, et réciproquement. Pour assurer avec précision le positionnement dudit écran dans chacune de ses deux positions possibles, on peut prévoir par exemple des contacteurs de fin de course à un emplacement approprié de la transmission, ou encore une commande de position asservie, ces deux solutions étant bien connues de l'homme de l'art.It is understood that a rotation of the motor 401 causes, by means of the transmission constituted by the gears and the link, the passage of the screen 410 from the non-occultation or erasure position, illustrated in the figure. 6a, in the concealed position illustrated in FIG. 6b, and vice versa. To ensure precise positioning of said screen in each of its two possible positions, it is possible, for example, to provide limit switches at an appropriate location of the transmission, or even a servo position control, these two solutions being well known from one skilled in the art.

On observe que l'écran d'occultation 410 présente un contour tel que, dans la position d'occultation, il vient obturer l'intégralité de l'espace situé entre le bord arrière du cache 106 et le culot 102 de la lampe, pour ainsi efficacement empêcher tout rayon d'atteindre la zone réfléchissante 210 du réflecteur.It is observed that the blackout screen 410 has a contour such that, in the blackout position, it seals the entire space between the rear edge of the cover 106 and the base 102 of the lamp, to thus effectively preventing any ray from reaching the reflecting area 210 of the reflector.

Ainsi la présente invention, par une disposition côte-à-côte des zones réfléchissantes et, en combinaison, par l'utilisation de surfaces réfléchissantes aptes à former des faisceaux notamment coupés sans que l'écran d'occultation n'intervienne dans la formation de la coupure, permet d'une part de réaliser dos projecteurs à deux fonctions et source unique en utilisant une source à arc, réputée pour sa forte luminosité mais jusqu'à présent inutilisée en pratique car la commutation entre deux arcs s'effectue en une durée incompatible avec les règlements, et d'autre part de réaliser des projecteurs à deux fonctions et source unique de hauteur extrêmement réduite, ce qui répond bien aux exigences de conception actuelles.Thus, the present invention, by a side-by-side arrangement of the reflective zones and, in combination, by the use of reflective surfaces capable of forming beams, in particular cut, without the screening screen intervening in the formation of the on the one hand, allows to realize backlights projectors with two functions and single source using an arc source, known for its high luminosity but until now unused in practice because the switching between two arcs takes place in an incompatible duration with the regulations, and on the other hand to realize projectors with two functions and single source of extremely reduced height, which meets well the current design requirements.

La présente invention, en permettant l'utilisation d'une source à arc unique, permet en outre de réaliser des économies substantielles par rapport aux systèmes de projecteurs comportant non seulement deux lampes à arc coûteuses mais également deux alimentations également coûteuses pour ces lampes.The present invention, by allowing the use of a single arc source, further allows substantial savings compared to projector systems comprising not only two expensive arc lamps but also two equally expensive power supplies for these lamps.

Bien entendu, la présente invention n'est nullement limitée aux formes de réalisations décrites ci-dessus et représentées sur les dessins. En particulier, bien que l'emploi d'une lampe à décharge soit particulièrement avantageux pour des raisons évidentes de rendement, il est clair que l'invention reste avantageuse avec les sources à filament de tungstène classiques.Of course, the present invention is in no way limited to the embodiments described above and shown in the drawings. In particular, although the use of a discharge lamp is particularly advantageous for obvious reasons of efficiency, it is clear that the invention remains advantageous with conventional tungsten filament sources.

Par ailleurs, toute combinaison de faisceaux autre que celle qui a été indiquée plus haut peut être envisagée. Par exemple, on peut prévoir une zone formant le faisceau de croisement européen normalisé comme décrit plus haut, l'autre zone pouvant être une parabole éventuellement décentrée ou une surface apte à former un faisceau complémentaire d'un faisceau de croisement. Dans les projecteurs ci-dessus, on peut également remplacer la zone formant le faisceau de croisement par une zone formant par elle-même un faisceau antibrouillard, et répondant par exemple à la surface telle que décrite dans la demande de brevet français FR-A-2 536 503 au nom de la Demanderesse.Furthermore, any combination of beams other than that which has been indicated above can be envisaged. For example, one can provide a zone forming the European standard passing beam as described above, the other zone possibly being a parabola possibly off-center or a surface capable of forming a beam complementary to a passing beam. In the above headlamps, it is also possible to replace the zone forming the passing beam by a zone forming by itself a fog beam, and responding for example to the surface as described in the French patent application FR-A- 2,536,503 in the name of the Applicant.

Une autre possibilité consiste à utiliser pour la zone occultable 220 une portion de paraboloïde focalisée sur la source et donnant un faisceau dit "spot", extrêmement concentré, et pour la zone non occultable 210 une surface telle que celle qui est décrite dans la demande de brevet FR-A-2 609 148, engendrant par elle-même un faisceau de route de grande largeur.Another possibility consists in using for the concealable zone 220 a portion of paraboloid focused on the source and giving a so-called "spot" beam, extremely concentrated, and for the non-concealable zone 210 a surface such as that described in the application for FR-A-2 609 148 patent, generating by itself a beam of road of great width.

Enfin les moyens d'occultation électromécanique tels que décrits peuvent faire l'objet de nombreuses variantes. Par exemple, l'entrainement peut être réalisé à l'aide d'un électro-aimant à la place du moteur électrique. Il est également possible d'utiliser des moyens d'occultation non électromécaniques, par exemple un écran électro-optique susceptible de prendre un état opaque et un état transparent, selon la valeur d'une tension électrique qui est appliquée à ses bornes.Finally, the electromechanical occultation means as described can be the subject of numerous variants. For example, the drive can be performed using an electromagnet instead of the electric motor. It is also possible to use non-electromechanical occultation means, for example an electro-optical screen capable of assuming an opaque state and a transparent state, depending on the value of an electric voltage which is applied across its terminals.

D'une façon générale, l'homme de l'art saura réaliser des moyens d'occultation ayant une vitesse de commutation suffisamment rapide pour respecter les règlements, en particulier en ce qui concerne le passage de croisement en route et réciproquement et "l'appel de phare".Generally, a person skilled in the art will know how to conceal means having a switching speed fast enough to comply with the regulations, in particular with regard to the crossing crossing en route and vice versa and "the lighthouse call ".

Claims (11)

  1. A motor vehicle headlight of the type comprising a single light source (100), a reflector (200) including two zones (210, 220) suitable for generating two different respective light beams, a closure glass (300), and masking means (410, 420) situated in the vicinity of the source and capable of being displaced for selectively masking the light rays delivered by the source and propagating towards at least one of the two zones, the two zones (210, 220) of the reflector being juxtaposed, each zone of the reflector being constituted by a portion of a reflecting surface sufficing on its own to generate the associated beam, with at least one of the two zones (210) of the reflector being constituted by a surface that is itself suitable, in a working position, for generating a beam situated beneath a cut-off which extends generally horizontally, characterized in that in the working position, the two zones extend side by side and each of them between the top and bottom edges of the reflector and the masking means comprise at least one screen (410, 420) which, in its masking position, is situated to one side of the source.
  2. A headlight according to claim 1, characterized in that said zone (210) is constituted by a surface suitable for forming images of the light source whose topmost points are situated in the vicinity of the cut-off.
  3. A headlight according to claim 2, characterized in that the cut-off is a horizontal cut-off.
  4. A headlight according to claim 2, characterized in that the cut-off is a standardized cut-off delimited by a horizontal half-plane and by a half-plane sloping above the horizontal.
  5. A headlight according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the other zone (220) of the reflector is constituted by a surface suitable for generating a concentrated beam in the vicinity of the optical axis.
  6. A headlight according to claim 5, characterized in that the masking means comprise a single screen (420) for selectively masking rays propagating from the source towards said other zone (220).
  7. A headlight according to claim 5, characterized in that the masking means comprise two screens (410, 420) for selectively masking rays propagating from the source towards respective ones of the two zones (210, 220) of the reflector.
  8. A headlight according to claim 7, characterized in that the screen (410) suitable for masking the rays propagating from the source towards the first zone (210) of the reflector has at least one small orifice (412) passing therethrough in order to allow a determined quantity of light to pass therethrough towards said first zone.
  9. A headlight according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the, or each, masking screen comprises a plate (410, 420) pivoted about a horizontal axis (409) fixed to a direct light mask (106) associated with the source, said plate being suitable for being moved into a masking position by drive means (401) associated with transmission means (402-408).
  10. A headlight according to claim 9, characterized in that the drive means are constituted by an electric motor (401), and in that the transmission means include gears and a crank system.
  11. A headlight according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the source is an arc lamp (100).
EP90400170A 1989-01-23 1990-01-22 Motor vehicle headlamp comprising one light source and producing two different beams Expired - Lifetime EP0380396B1 (en)

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FR8900754 1989-01-23
FR8900754A FR2642145B1 (en) 1989-01-23 1989-01-23 MOTOR VEHICLE PROJECTOR HAVING A SINGLE LIGHT SOURCE AND GENERATING TWO DIFFERENT BEAMS

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EP0380396B1 true EP0380396B1 (en) 1994-09-07

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EP (1) EP0380396B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2719724B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9000219A (en)
DE (1) DE69012153T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2063298T3 (en)
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FR2602305B1 (en) * 1986-08-04 1990-03-23 Cibie Projecteurs FOG PROJECTOR WITH TRANSVERSE FILAMENT FOR MOTOR VEHICLE

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Publication number Publication date
DE69012153T2 (en) 1995-02-02
RU1808070C (en) 1993-04-07
FR2642145A1 (en) 1990-07-27
US4987521A (en) 1991-01-22
FR2642145B1 (en) 1993-04-09
EP0380396A1 (en) 1990-08-01
JPH02230604A (en) 1990-09-13
USRE34253E (en) 1993-05-18
BR9000219A (en) 1990-11-13
ES2063298T3 (en) 1995-01-01
JP2719724B2 (en) 1998-02-25
DE69012153D1 (en) 1994-10-13

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