EP0374905A1

EP0374905A1 - Culture medium device and method of preparing the same

Info

Publication number: EP0374905A1
Application number: EP19890123596
Authority: EP
Inventors: Akira c/o Kirin Beer K.K. Suzuki; Yuji c/o Kirin Beer K.K. Sakamoto; Yuko c/o Kirin Beer K.K. Masuda
Original assignee: Kirin Brewery Co Ltd
Current assignee: Kirin Brewery Co Ltd
Priority date: 1988-12-21
Filing date: 1989-12-20
Publication date: 1990-06-27
Also published as: JPH02167067A; US5147801A

Abstract

A culture medium device (1) in the form of a sheet comprises a base sheet (7) composed of an upper sheet (8) having a hydrophilic property such as filter paper, a lower sheet (9) having a water repellent property covering a lower surface of the upper hydrophilic sheet (8) and a sheet having a water repellent property preferably in the form of a film having a character suitable for bacteria to be treated. A gel agent or gelatinizer containing bacteria culturing nutrient is dispersed on an upper surface of the upper hydrophilic sheet (8) of the base sheet member (7) and the gel agent or gelatinizer is absorbed in the upper hydrophilic sheet (8) and then solidified. The upper water repellent sheet (6) is applied so as to cover the upper surface of the upper hydrophilic sheet (8) of the base sheet (7).

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a device for culturing microorganisms, and more particularly, to a culture medium in the form of a sheet for culturing adhesive bacteria and dropping bacteria, and a method of preparing the culture medium device.
A known sheet-form culture medium generally comprises laminated upper and lower sheet members. The upper sheet is peeled off at a time just before the usage thereof to drop aseptic water such as distilled water on the upper surface of the lower sheet to wet the same. A material or substance is thereafter inoculated to the central portion of the upper surface of the lower sheet by means of a pipette and the upper sheet is then covered over the lower sheet. A spreader made of a plastic material is placed on the upper surface of the upper sheet member at a portion corresponding to the location of the inoculated material on the lower sheet. A light pressure is then applied to the spreader to uniformly spread the material over substantially the entire upper surface of the lower sheet, whereby the material is cultured.
In the preparation of the sheet-form culture medium in accordance with a conventional method described above, it is necessary to peel off the upper sheet and drop the aseptic water on the upper surface of the lower sheet before the usage of the culture medium, so that the aseptic water must be transferred to a portion at which the aseptic water is actually used. In addition, contamination of the environmental atmosphere to the upper surface of the sheet when the aseptic water is dropped on the upper surface of the lower sheet also has to be considered as it requires the sterilization of instruments or the like for every usage thereof. These inconveniences require users to pay close attention to the treatment and operation of the culture medium preparation, therefore making it troublesome and time consuming.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to substantially eliminate defects or drawbacks encountered in the prior art described above and to provide a culture medium device in the form of a sheet and a method of preparing the same, and which is capable of being easily transferred and usable without requiring sterilization.
This and other objects can be achieved in one aspect according to the present invention by providing a culture medium device in the form of a sheet comprising a base sheet member composed of an upper sheet having a hydrophilic property and a lower sheet having a water repellent property and covering a lower surface of the upper hydrophilic sheet in which a gel agent or gelatinizer containing a bacteria culturing nutrient is dispersed therein, and then solidified, and a sheet member having a water repellent property covered over the upper hydrophilic sheet of the base sheet member.
In a preferred embodiment, the upper water repellent sheet member is formed of a film member selected in accordance with the bacteria to be treated. The hydrophilic sheet of the base sheet member is formed of a filter paper.
In another aspect according to the present invention, there is provided a method of preparing a culture medium device in the form of a sheet comprising the steps of preparing a base sheet member composed of an upper sheet having a hydrophilic property and a lower sheet having a water repellent property covering a lower surface of the upper hydrophilic sheet and preparing a sheet member having a water repellent property to be covered over the upper hydrophilic sheet of the base sheet member, preparing a gel agent or gelatinizer containing bacteria culturing nutrient, dispersing and solidifying the gel agent or gelatinizer on an upper surface of the upper hydrophilic sheet of the base sheet member, in the upper hydrophilic sheet, and applying the upper water repellent sheet member so as to cover the upper surface of the upper hydrophilic sheet of the base sheet member.
According to the present invention of the character described above, the culture medium is prepared by dispersing the gel agent or gelatinizer containing the bacteria culturing nutrient on an upper surface of the hydrophilic sheet having a lower surface covered by the water repellent sheet and then absorbing and solidifying the dispersed gel agent or gelatinizer. The upper surface of the hydrophilic sheet thus prepared is then covered with the water repellent sheet member. Accordingly, the culture medium can be maintained without being dried. The inoculation can be performed immediately after peeling of the water repellent sheet member.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a culture medium device according to the present invention showing a state in which a material has just been inoculated by means of a pipette;
Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a view, according to a prior art, showing a state similar to that of Fig. 1; and
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a conventional culture medium plate on which a spreader is placed.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

For a better understanding of the present invention, a conventional sheet-shaped culture medium will be described hereunder with reference to Figs. 3 and 4 in the preparation thereof.
Referring to Fig. 3, a culture medium sheet 1 generally comprises an upper sheet member 2 and a lower sheet member 3 which are laminated to each other. The upper sheet 2 is peeled off at a time just before the usage thereof to drop aseptic water such as distilled water on the upper surface of the lower sheet 3 to wet the same. When bacteria are made to adhere by, for example, pressing an upper surface of a lower sheet 3 against a sample or when a material has been inoculated by a pipette, the upper sheet 2 is then covered over the lower sheet 3. After the covering of the upper sheet 2, as shown in Fig. 5, a spreader 5 made of a plastic material is placed on the upper surface of the upper sheet 2 at a portion corresponding to the location of the inoculated material on the lower sheet 3. A light pressure is then applied to the spreader 5 to uniformly spread the material over substantially the entire upper surface of the lower sheet 3, whereby the material is cultured.
However, the preparation of the culture medium sheet on the basis of the conventional method involves the inconveniences or problems described hereinbefore.
Preferred embodiments according to the present invention conceived by taking the above problems of the prior art into consideration will be described hereunder with reference to Figs. 1 to 3, in which like reference numerals are added to elements or members corresponding to those shown in Figs. 3 and 4.
Fig. 1 shows a culture medium device in the form of a sheet according to the present invention having a square configuration, for example, having a side length of 50 mm and a thin thickness of 2 mm, for instance. The culture medium device 1 comprises an upper sheet 6 having a water repellent property and a lower base sheet 7. The upper water repellent sheet 6 is made of a material selected in accordance with the bacteria or microorganism to be treated. For example, with bacteria having an aerobic property, the water repellent sheet 6 is prepared by an oxygen permeable film and with the bacteria of an anaerobic property, the sheet 6 is prepared by an impermeable film. The upper water repellent sheet 6 may be thus prepared of a material such as polyethylene or polypropylene having a thickness of about 20 µ. The lower base sheet 7 is composed of an upper sheet-like filter paper 8 having a hydrophilic property and a lower water repellent sheet 9 made of a material such as polyethylene and having a thickness of about 20 µ. The lower water repellent sheet 9 is adhered to the upper filter paper 8 for maintaining the wetness of the filter paper 8 and for reinforcing the same. The upper water repellent sheet 6 and the lower base sheet 7 are laminated and bonded at one of their ends to allow the upper water repellent sheet 6 to be opened or rolled up as shown in Fig. 1 with respect to the lower base sheet 7.
In order to prevent the invasion of bacteria or germs in the case where the culture medium device 1 is not used, the culture medium device 1 may be sealed in a bag made of such as a plastic material, or the outer peripheries of the upper water repellent sheet 6 and the lower water repellent sheet 9 may be bonded (fused) to seal them by means of separate tapes. Any other means may be applied to seal the culture medium device 1 to prevent the invasion of germs.
When the aerobic bacteria is treated, it may be preferred to locate an air space between a gelled surface and the upper water repellent sheet 6 to introduce the air therein.
The final culture medium 10 for the culture medium device 1 will be completed by preparing a gel agent or gelatinizer formed of sodium alginate of 0.5 to 4.0%, containing a bacteria culturing nutrient in the gel agent for gelatinizer, and dispersing the thus prepared gel agent or gelatinizer into the sterilized filter paper 8 in a sterilized state. A sterilized color former ((2,3,5-Triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride (TTC)) may be contained in the alginic acid. The surface of the filter paper 8 may be held in a sterilized state by absorbing sterilized calcium chloride of 10 to 500 mM and the gel agent or gelatinizer is solidified in the filter paper 8. As the bacteria culturing nutrient are utilized casein hydrolyzate of 1.5%, soybean pepton of 0.5%, and potassium chloride of 0.5% for the bacteria and, for the Eumycetes, are utilized glucose of 2.0%, yeast extract of 0.2%, magnesium sulfate of 0.05%, casein hydrolyzate of 0.5%, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.1%.
The culture medium device 1 in the form of a sheet of the character described above will be utilized in the following manner.
The upper water repellent sheet 6 is peeled off from the base sheet 7, and bacteria are made to adhere on the filter paper 8 by pressing a sample against the filter paper 8 or by falling dropping bacteria on the filter paper 8. The water repellent sheet 6 is then covered over the filter paper 8 whereby the material is cultured. In a case of a liquid material, a small amount of the material is dropped thereon.
As described above, the filter paper 8 of the base sheet 7 has been made in the sterilized and gel state before the usage of the sheet-like culture medium device 1, so that it is not necessary to wet the filter paper with an aseptic water such as distilled water. The sterilized state of the filter paper 8 can be maintained without being dried because the upper water repellent sheet 6 and the lower water repellent sheet 9 of the base sheet 7 are made of polyethylene, for example.
In a modification, the culture medium device 1 may be accommodated in a bag having air-impermeability with a mouth portion sealed by a heat sealing method, for example, to stably maintain the sterilized condition. The bag may be further exposed to γ-rays or ultra violet rays for the sterilization of the culture medium device. The device may be sterilized by the utilization of gas (for example EOG) or by an autoclave treatment.
In the described embodiment, the filter paper is utilized as a hydrophilic sheet, but a plastic sheet material or ceramic sheet material may be utilized.
The culture medium device according to the present invention may be utilized for the elapsed time capture of bacteria such as dropping bacteria for the environmental measurement and utilized as a stamp for culturing adhesion bacteria.
Some concrete examples will be described hereunder in comparison with conventional examples.

Example 1

Sodium alginate (30 g) was dissolved in a distilled water (1000 ml) and a sterilization dry culture medium (Trypticase soy Broth; BBL Co. Ltd.: 30 g) was thereafter dissolved to prepare a solution. A qualitative filter paper No. 2 of TOYO ROSHI having a size of 4 x 5 cm and preliminarily lined by a PET film was impregnated in the thus prepared solution. The qualitative filter paper was immediately impregnated into 2% calcium chloride solution after being taken out from the afore-mentioned solution and gelled. The gelled material was then covered with the PET film and sterilized by the autoclave treatment at 121°C for 20 minutes.

Comparative Example 1

Aseptic water was applied by 1 ml to a Petrifilm SM of 3M firm in accordance with a manual of 3M firm and disposed as it is for 20 minutes.
Bacteria adhesion tests were carried out with respect to the Example 1 and the Comparative Example 1. The tests were carried out by coating the Escherichia coli of a predetermined amount on a sterilized glass plate and then opening a cover. A sheet-form culture medium and the Petrifilm SM were pressed against the glass plate for about 10 seconds. Thereafter, the culture medium was covered and cultured at 37°C for 24 hr. and the numbers of the cultured colonies were counted. The counting results are shown in the following Table 1. Table 1

n=10

Number of Colonies

Example 1 33

Comparative Example 1 31

Example 2

A culture medium was prepared by substantially the same manner as described with respect to the Example 1, sealed in a plastic bag, and then sterilized by the irradiation of γ-rays.

Comparative Example 2

Trypticase soy Broth (30 g) and Agar (20.0 g) were dissolved in distilled water (1000 ml) into a solution. The solution was sterilized at 121°C for 20 minutes by autoclave treatment. The solution was thereafter shared into sterilization Petri dishes each having a diameter of 50 mm and then solidified therein.
Dropping bacteria tests were carried out with respect to the Example 2 and the Comparative Example 2 by removing the cover of the culture medium and the cover of the Petri dish to catch and collect the dropping bacteria in a room for 5 minutes. Thereafter, the covers were applied and the cultured colonies were counted and the counting results are obtained as shown in the following Table 2. Table 2

n=10

Number of Colonies

Example 2 13

Comparative Example 2 15
As described hereinabove, according to the adhesion bacteria tests and the dropping bacteria tests, substantially the identical numbers of the colonies were observed with respect to the Examples and the Comparative Examples. However, as described with respect to the Example 2, when the culture medium is preliminarily prepared, it is not necessary to prepare the distilled water and add the same to the culture medium 20 minutes before each test as is carried out in case of the usage of the Petrifilm. Moreover, it is also not necessary to prepare and sterilize the culture medium for each test as described with respect to the Comparative Example.

Claims

1. A culture medium device in the form of a sheet characterized by comprising:
a base sheet (7) composed of an upper sheet (8) having a hydrophilic property and a lower sheet (9) having a water repellent property and covering a lower surface of said upper hydrophilic sheet in which a gel agent or gelatinizer containing a bacteria culturing nutrient is dispersed in and absorbed by said upper hydrophilic sheet, said gel agent or gelatinizer being then solidified; and
a sheet (6) having a water repellent property to be covered over said upper hydrophilic sheet of the base sheet member (7).

2. A culture medium device according to claim 1, wherein said upper hydrophilic sheet (8) of the base sheet member (7) is made of a filter paper.

3. A culture medium device according to claim 1, wherein said upper water repellent sheet (6) is made of an oxygen permeable film when a bacteria to be treated has an aerobic property.

4. A culture medium device according to claim 1, wherein said upper water repellent sheet (6) is made of an impermeable film when a bacteria to be treated has an anaerobic property.

5. A method of preparing a culture medium device in the form of a sheet characterized in that a base sheet (7) composed of an upper sheet (8) having a hydrophilic property and a lower sheet (9) having a water repellent property covering a lower surface of said upper hydrophilic sheet and preparing a sheet having a water repellent property to be covered over said upper hydrophilic sheet of the base sheet, a gel agent or gelatinizer containing bacteria culturing nutrient is prepared, the gel agent or gelatinizer is dispersed on an upper surface of said upper hydrophilic sheet of the base sheet, said gel agent or gelatinizer is absorbed in said upper hydrophilic sheet (8) and then solidified, and said upper water repellent sheet (6) is applied so as to cover the upper surface of said upper hydrophilic sheet of the base sheet.