EP0359974B1 - Pneumatically operated driving-tool with a relief valve in the main valve - Google Patents

Pneumatically operated driving-tool with a relief valve in the main valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0359974B1
EP0359974B1 EP89114695A EP89114695A EP0359974B1 EP 0359974 B1 EP0359974 B1 EP 0359974B1 EP 89114695 A EP89114695 A EP 89114695A EP 89114695 A EP89114695 A EP 89114695A EP 0359974 B1 EP0359974 B1 EP 0359974B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
piston
venting
main valve
impacting apparatus
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89114695A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0359974A2 (en
EP0359974A3 (en
Inventor
Theodor Heidrich
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Haubold Befestigungstechnik GmbH
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Haubold Befestigungstechnik GmbH
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Publication of EP0359974A3 publication Critical patent/EP0359974A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C1/00—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
    • B25C1/04—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by fluid pressure, e.g. by air pressure
    • B25C1/041—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by fluid pressure, e.g. by air pressure with fixed main cylinder
    • B25C1/042—Main valve and main cylinder

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pneumatic impact device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the pressure of the working medium air can raise the main valve as soon as its upper side, that is the side facing away from the working cylinder, is relieved of the compressed air, which is also present here.
  • the compressed air is supplied to the top of the main valve via a connecting channel, at the opposite end of which the air access can be controlled by a release valve. With the device at rest the top of the main valve is pressurized with compressed air. As soon as a working stroke is to be drawn, the top of the valve is relieved of the compressed air.
  • the connecting channel which ensures that the top of the valve is acted upon, is vented through vent holes.
  • the triggering valve of the implement which connects the connection channel with ventilation holes in the triggering valve in the operating position, provides for the ventilation.
  • EP-A-0 052 368 shows a known embodiment of an impact device, in which a connecting channel in the form of a pipe piece is also used to conduct compressed air to the top of the main valve deflected an additional device and passed through a hole back into the housing interior and on the top of the main valve.
  • the additional device consists of a valve in the form of a cover-like housing with a central opening.
  • a valve plate made of flexible material of spherical shape is arranged within the space formed thereby. In the starting position, the valve plate rests in a correspondingly shaped curvature of the housing cover and is pressed upwards against a ventilation hole by compressed air from the connecting channel.
  • GB-A-2 188 582 shows an impact device of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the venting valve, which can be controlled by the release valve, is pressed into the closed position in the form of a stepped piston by compressed air, supported by a helical spring.
  • the compressed air acting on the upper side of the cover-like main valve is guided along the stepped piston during the closed position of the vent valve and bores branching through its movement space into the movement space above the main valve.
  • the flow resistance is high.
  • the stepped piston with its long length and mass due to its design must be pushed back against the force of the coil spring and against the air pressure acting on a central collar. This process can therefore not be done at the desired speed. The result is a less rapid opening of the main valve; combined with a correspondingly lower impact force of the working piston.
  • the top of the main valve is also constantly pretensioned by a valve closing spring in these designs. It must ensure that the main valve is kept closed in the rest position - even before the device is connected to a compressed air line. In this way, an undesired triggering of a driving impact of the piston and the associated risk of injury are avoided.
  • the stress on the valve closing spring increases with the speed of the valve movements. Broken valve springs are therefore often the result. They lead to destruction of the neighboring parts of the device and are therefore a safety risk that must be taken into account when increasing the impact.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an impact device according to the generic term mentioned above, the impact force is increased compared to previously known designs.
  • the invention solves the problem with the features of claim 1.
  • the stepped piston is preferably provided with a conical chamfer, which is pressed into an elastic sealing ring surrounding the ventilation opening while the piston is in the closed position.
  • a cylinder liner for piston guidance is preferably inserted into the cylindrical extension receiving the stepped piston.
  • the stepped piston has an annular surface which, in cooperation with the compressed air, provides the necessary thrust when triggering a working stroke.
  • annular disk spring made of plastic, which consists, for example, of polyurethane as the valve closing spring. It is of simple design and withstands the alternating loads with high accelerations better than one of the usual metal springs. Despite an increase in the speed of the alternating movements of the main valve, the safety risk of a spring break is avoided.
  • the working cylinder 2 with the working piston 3 is arranged in the head region of the device housing 1.
  • the working plunger 4 is attached to the underside of the working piston.
  • the device housing 1 is closed in its head area by a housing cover 5, in which the main valve 6 is located. It is guided within a ring insert 7 and through partial contact with the walls of the housing cover.
  • the space 8 inside the housing cover serves as freedom of movement for carrying out the valve movements. Via a central bore 9 and housing bores 10 communicating therewith, the cylinder space can be vented during the return stroke of the working piston.
  • a valve closing spring 11 in the form of a conical disc spring is arranged between the top of the main valve and the housing cover 5.
  • the freedom of movement 8 above the main valve is connected to the release valve 13 via a connecting channel 12.
  • the connecting channel 12 passes through the compressed air supply space 15 in the device housing.
  • the trigger valve 13 consists of a cylindrical insert with a compressed air bore 16 and a valve piston 17, which is provided with longitudinal ventilation grooves, via which the connecting channel 12 can be vented to the outside.
  • the release piston 17 In its lower end position, i.e. when the release lever 18 is relieved, the release piston 17 is in its lower end position, so that the compressed air bore 16 can communicate with the connection channel 12 via connection bores 20 and the annular space 19.
  • the connecting channel 12 is vented via the annular space 19 and the connecting bores 20 of the trigger valve in connection with the longitudinal grooves of the valve piston 17.
  • the cylindrical widening 21 is connected to the outside air via a vent hole 24.
  • the stepped piston is provided with a central vent hole 25, 25a, which opens laterally into an annular space 26 which is formed by the stepped piston in its area of smaller diameter with the wall of the cylindrical widening 21.
  • the stepped piston is equipped with a sealing ring 27 in its larger diameter range.
  • the stepped piston is provided with a conical chamfer 28 which engages in a sealing ring 29 as soon as the stepped piston reaches its upper end position.
  • the transition from the smaller diameter to the larger diameter of the stepped piston forms an annular surface 30, as a result of which the force required for displacement can be formed more quickly when the connecting channel 12 is vented.
  • the ring surface thus ensures a very fast switching movement of the stepped piston.
  • the movable parts are each shown half in the starting position and in the operating position.
  • the starting position is shown from the left half of the picture.
  • the main valve is in the lower position while the stepped piston 23 has reached the upper position (FIG. 2). It engages with its conical end in the sealing ring 29 and closes off the vent opening 24.
  • the pressure of the compressed air reservoir 15 in the housing 1 continues via the connecting channel 12, the cylindrical extension 21 into the movement space 8 above the main valve and loads it in the closed position.
  • the trigger lever 18 As soon as the trigger lever 18 is pulled, it pushes the valve piston 17 into its upper position. As a result, the connecting channel 12 is vented. The pressure above the main valve affects the step piston and pushes it into its lower position. The vent 24 is released and the freedom of movement above the main valve is relieved of pressure by a short circuit with the outside air. At this moment The air pressure of the compressed air supply space 15 can push the main valve 6 almost suddenly into its upper end position, the force of the valve closing spring 11 being overcome. The compressed air thus has access to the working cylinder on all sides and acts on the working piston 3, which is suddenly driven into its lower position. After the release lever 18 has been released, the underside of the stepped piston 23 can be loaded again and this can be pushed into its upper end position. The pressure continues again into space 8 above the main valve and can load it in the closing direction.
  • valve closing spring 11 is the greater durability compared to conventional springs.
  • the contact surface can be provided with a radially guided groove 31 (FIG. 2). This definitely prevents the formation of a vacuum between the valve spring and the housing cover.
  • the valve closing spring 11 can not suck up. The same effect is achieved if the valve closing spring 11 itself is provided with a radially extending groove 11a or a simple bore 11b (FIGS. 5b and 5c).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein druckluftbetriebenes Schlaggerät nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a pneumatic impact device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei Schlaggeräten, die durch Druckluft angetrieben werden, ist es bekannt, den gesamten Umfang des Arbeitszylinders für den Einlaß der Druckluft zu nutzen, um dadurch die gesamte Fläche des Arbeitskolbens möglichst gleichmäßig mit Druckluft zu beaufschlagen, wie die EP-A-0 052 368, DE-A-33 41 980, US-A-4 550 643 und GB-A-2 188 582 zeigen. Dadurch wird eine hohe Anfangsbeschleunigung und große Endgeschwindigkeit des Arbeitskolbens erreicht, so daß der von dem Arbeitsstößel auf ein Werkstück zu übertragenden Impuls hohe Werte erreicht. Das erfordert ein großflächiges, den Durchmesser des Arbeitszylinders übergreifendes Einlaßventil, das im allgemeinen als Hauptventil bezeichnet wird. Es schließt den Arbeitszylinder deckelartig ab und kann von diesem einige Millimeter angehoben werden.In the case of impact devices which are driven by compressed air, it is known to use the entire circumference of the working cylinder for the inlet of the compressed air, in order thereby to apply compressed air to the entire surface of the working piston as evenly as possible, such as EP-A-0 052 368, DE-A-33 41 980, US-A-4 550 643 and GB-A-2 188 582 show. This achieves a high initial acceleration and high final speed of the working piston, so that the momentum to be transmitted from the working ram to a workpiece reaches high values. This requires a large inlet valve spanning the diameter of the working cylinder, which is generally referred to as the main valve. It closes the working cylinder like a lid and can be lifted a few millimeters from it.

Der Druck des Arbeitsmittels Luft kann das Hauptventil anheben, sobald seine Oberseite, das ist die dem Arbeitszylinder abgekehrte Seite, von der Druckluft entlastet wird, die hier ebenfalls ansteht. Bei einigen Ausführungen wird die Druckluft der Oberseite des Hauptventils über einen Verbindungskanal zugeführt, an dessen entgegengesetztem Ende der Luftzutritt durch ein Auslöseventil steuerbar ist. In Ruhestellung des Gerätes ist die Oberseite des Hauptventils von der Druckluft beaufschlagt.
Sobald ein Arbeitshub ausgelost werden soll, wird die Ventiloberseite von der Druckluft entlastet. Zu diesem Zweck wird der Verbindungskanal, der für die Beaufschlagung der Ventiloberseite sorgt, durch Entlüftungsbohrungen entlüftet. Für die Entlüftung sorgt das Auslöseventil des Arbeitsgerätes, das in Betriebsstellung den Verbindungskanal mit Entlüftungsbohrungen im Auslöseventil verbindet. Eine bekannte Ausführung eines Schlaggerätes, bei dem ebenfalls ein Verbindungskanal in Form eines Rohrstücks verwendet wird, um Druckluft auf die Oberseite des Hauptventils zu leiten, zeigt die EP-A-0 052 368. Hierbei verläßt die Druckluft den oberen Gehäuseabschluß nach außen und wird durch eine Zusatzeinrichtung umgelenkt und durch eine Bohrung wieder in den Gehäuseinnenraum und auf die Oberseite des Hauptventils geführt. Die Zusatzeinrichtung besteht aus einem Ventil in Gestalt eines deckelartigen Gehäuhäuses mit einer Mittenöffnung. Innerhalb des dadurch gebildeten Raumes ist eine Ventilplatte aus flexiblem Material sphärischer Gestalt angeordnet. Die Ventilplatte ruht in der Ausgangsstellung in einer entsprechend geformten Wölbung des Gehäusedeckels und wird durch Druckluft des Verbindungskanals nach oben gegen eine Entlüftungsbohrung gedrückt. Dabei entsteht ein Kanal, der die Luft aus dem Verbindungskanal über eine weitere Bohrung zurück in das Gehäuse und auf die Oberseite des Hauptventils führt. Dadurch soll eine hohe Schaltgeschwindigkeit erreichbar sein, obgleich der Fertigungsaufwand hierfür sehr hoch ist. Im allgemeinen wird das Ausströmen der Druckluft von der Ventiloberseite über den Verbindungskanal mit mehrfachen Umlenkungen naturgemäß durch Strömungswiderstände erschwert. Der Druck auf der Ventiloberseite wird daher nicht in dem gewünschten Maße schlagartig abgebaut. Folglich kann das Hauptventil nicht mit der gewünschten Beschleunigung abheben. Das Einströmen der Druckluft in den Arbeitszylinder wird in entsprechender Weise verzögert, so daß auch der Arbeitskolben nicht die gewünschte hohe Anfangsbeschleunigung und damit Endgeschwindigkeit erreicht.The pressure of the working medium air can raise the main valve as soon as its upper side, that is the side facing away from the working cylinder, is relieved of the compressed air, which is also present here. In some versions, the compressed air is supplied to the top of the main valve via a connecting channel, at the opposite end of which the air access can be controlled by a release valve. With the device at rest the top of the main valve is pressurized with compressed air.
As soon as a working stroke is to be drawn, the top of the valve is relieved of the compressed air. For this purpose, the connecting channel, which ensures that the top of the valve is acted upon, is vented through vent holes. The triggering valve of the implement, which connects the connection channel with ventilation holes in the triggering valve in the operating position, provides for the ventilation. EP-A-0 052 368 shows a known embodiment of an impact device, in which a connecting channel in the form of a pipe piece is also used to conduct compressed air to the top of the main valve deflected an additional device and passed through a hole back into the housing interior and on the top of the main valve. The additional device consists of a valve in the form of a cover-like housing with a central opening. A valve plate made of flexible material of spherical shape is arranged within the space formed thereby. In the starting position, the valve plate rests in a correspondingly shaped curvature of the housing cover and is pressed upwards against a ventilation hole by compressed air from the connecting channel. This creates a duct that directs the air from the connecting duct back into the housing and onto the top of the main valve via another hole. As a result, a high switching speed should be achievable, although the manufacturing effort for this is very high. In general, the outflow of compressed air from the top of the valve via the connecting channel with multiple deflections is naturally made more difficult by flow resistances. The pressure on the top of the valve is therefore not abruptly reduced to the desired extent. As a result, the main valve cannot lift off at the desired acceleration. The inflow of compressed air into the working cylinder is delayed accordingly, so that the working piston does not achieve the desired high initial acceleration and thus top speed.

Die GB-A-2 188 582 zeigt ein Schlaggerät der eingangs genannten Gattung, bei dem das von dem Auslöseventil steuerbare Entlüftungsventil in Form eines Stufenkolbens durch Druckluft, unterstützt von einer Schraubenfeder, in die Schließposition gedrückt wird. Die die Oberseite des deckelartigen Hauptventils beaufschlagende Druckluft wird während der Schließstellung des Entlüftungsventils am Stufenkolben entlang und über dessen Bewegungsraum abzweigende Bohrungen in den Bewegungsfreiraum oberhalb des Hauptventils geleitet. Der Strömungswiderstand ist hoch. Zum öffnen des Entlüftungsventils ist der Stufenkolben mit konstruktionsbedingter großer Länge und Masse gegen die Kraft der Schraubenfeder und gegen den an einem mittleren Bund wirkenden Luftdruck zurückzuschieben. Dieser Vorgang kann deshalb nicht mit der gewünschten Geschwindigkeit geschehen. Die Folge ist eine minder rasche Öffnung des Hauptventils; verbunden mit entsprechend geringerer Schlagkraft des Arbeitskolbens.GB-A-2 188 582 shows an impact device of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the venting valve, which can be controlled by the release valve, is pressed into the closed position in the form of a stepped piston by compressed air, supported by a helical spring. The compressed air acting on the upper side of the cover-like main valve is guided along the stepped piston during the closed position of the vent valve and bores branching through its movement space into the movement space above the main valve. The flow resistance is high. To open the vent valve, the stepped piston with its long length and mass due to its design must be pushed back against the force of the coil spring and against the air pressure acting on a central collar. This process can therefore not be done at the desired speed. The result is a less rapid opening of the main valve; combined with a correspondingly lower impact force of the working piston.

Die Oberseite des Hauptventils steht bei diesen Bauformen zusätzlich ständig unter der Vorspannung einer Ventilschließfeder. Sie hat dafür zu sorgen, daß das Hauptventil in Ruhestellung - auch bereits vor dem Anschließen des Gerätes an eine Druckluftleitung - ständig geschlossen gehalten wird. Dadurch wird ein ungewolltes Auslösen eines Eintreibschlages des Kolbens und die damit verbundene Verletzungsgefahr vermieden. Die Beanspruchung der Ventilschließfeder steigt mit der Geschwindigkeit der Ventilbewegungen. Gebrochene Ventilfedern sind deshalb häufig die Folge. Sie führen zu Zerstörungen der benachbarten Geräteteile und sind deshalb ein Sicherheitsrisiko, das bei der Steigerung der Schlagkraft zu beachten ist.The top of the main valve is also constantly pretensioned by a valve closing spring in these designs. It must ensure that the main valve is kept closed in the rest position - even before the device is connected to a compressed air line. In this way, an undesired triggering of a driving impact of the piston and the associated risk of injury are avoided. The stress on the valve closing spring increases with the speed of the valve movements. Broken valve springs are therefore often the result. They lead to destruction of the neighboring parts of the device and are therefore a safety risk that must be taken into account when increasing the impact.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Schlaggerät nach dem einleitend genannten Gattungsbegriff zu schaffen, dessen Schlagkraft im Vergleich mit bisher bekannten Ausführungen erhöht ist.The invention has for its object to provide an impact device according to the generic term mentioned above, the impact force is increased compared to previously known designs.

Die Erfindung löst die Aufgabe mit den Merkmalen nach dem Anspruch 1.The invention solves the problem with the features of claim 1.

Zur Abdichtung der Entlüftungsöffnung ist der Stufenkolben vorzugsweise mit einer konischen Anfasung versehen, welche während der Kolbenschließstellung in einen die Entlüftungsöffnung einfassenden elastischen Dichtring gepreßt wird. In die den Stufenkolben aufnehmende zylindrische Erweiterung wird vorzugsweise eine Zylinderlaufbüchse zur Kolbenführung eingesetzt. Der Stufenkolben weist eine Ringfläche auf, die im Zusammenwirken mit der Druckluft für die notwendige Schubkraft beim Auslösen eines Arbeitshubs sorgt.To seal the ventilation opening, the stepped piston is preferably provided with a conical chamfer, which is pressed into an elastic sealing ring surrounding the ventilation opening while the piston is in the closed position. A cylinder liner for piston guidance is preferably inserted into the cylindrical extension receiving the stepped piston. The stepped piston has an annular surface which, in cooperation with the compressed air, provides the necessary thrust when triggering a working stroke.

Zur weiteren vorteilhaften Gestaltung des Erfindungsgegenstandes wird vorgeschlagen, als Ventilschließfeder eine ringförmige Scheibenfeder aus Kunststoff einzusetzen, die beispielsweise aus Polyurethan besteht. Sie ist von einfacher Ausbildung und hält den mit hohen Beschleunigungen versehenen Wechselbelastungen besser stand als eine der üblichen Metallfedern. Trotz einer Erhöhung der Geschwindigkeit der Wechselbewegungen des Hauptventils wird das Sicherheitsrisiko eines Federbruchs vermieden.For a further advantageous embodiment of the subject matter of the invention, it is proposed to use an annular disk spring made of plastic, which consists, for example, of polyurethane as the valve closing spring. It is of simple design and withstands the alternating loads with high accelerations better than one of the usual metal springs. Despite an increase in the speed of the alternating movements of the main valve, the safety risk of a spring break is avoided.

Weitere den Erfindungsgegenstand vorteilhaft gestaltende Merkmale sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Further features which advantageously design the subject matter of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung schematisch dargestellt und nachstehend erläutert.In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown schematically and explained below.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
die Gesamtansicht eines Schlaggerätes, z. T. im Schnitt,
Fig. 2
einen Vertikalschnitt durch das Kopfteil des Schlaggerätes,
Fig. 3
einen Ausschnitt des Gerätes nach Fig. 2 im Bereich des Entlüftungsventils mit dem Stufenkolben in der Schließstellung,
Fig. 4
den Geräteausschnitt nach Fig. 3 mit dem Stufenkolben in seiner unteren, die Entlüftungsbohrung freigebenden Stellung und
Fig. 5a - 5c
die Ventilschließfeder des Hauptventils in der Seitenansicht und mit zwei Radialschnitten.
Show it:
Fig. 1
the overall view of an impact device, for. T. on average,
Fig. 2
a vertical section through the head part of the impact device,
Fig. 3
2 in the area of the vent valve with the stepped piston in the closed position,
Fig. 4
3 with the stepped piston in its lower, the vent hole releasing position and
5a-5c
the valve closing spring of the main valve in a side view and with two radial sections.

Im Kopfbereich des Gerätegehäuses 1 ist der Arbeitszylinder 2 mit dem Arbeitskolben 3 angeordnet. An der Unterseite des Arbeitskolbens ist der Arbeitsstößel 4 befestigt. Das Gerätegehäuse 1 ist in seinem Kopfbereich von einem Gehäusedeckel 5 abgeschlossen, in welchem sich das Hauptventil 6 befindet. Es ist innerhalb eines Ringeinsatzes 7 und durch teilweise Anlage an den Wänden des Gehäusedeckels geführt. Der Raum 8 innerhalb des Gehäusedeckels dient als Bewegungsfreiraum zur Durchführung der Ventilbewegungen. über ein zentrale Bohrung 9 und damit kommunizierende Gehäusebohrungen 10 kann der Zylinderraum beim Rückhub des Arbeitskolbens entlüftet werden. Zwischen der Oberseite des Hauptventils und dem Gehäusedeckel 5 ist eine Ventilschließfeder 11 in Form einer konischen Scheibenfeder angeordnet.The working cylinder 2 with the working piston 3 is arranged in the head region of the device housing 1. The working plunger 4 is attached to the underside of the working piston. The device housing 1 is closed in its head area by a housing cover 5, in which the main valve 6 is located. It is guided within a ring insert 7 and through partial contact with the walls of the housing cover. The space 8 inside the housing cover serves as freedom of movement for carrying out the valve movements. Via a central bore 9 and housing bores 10 communicating therewith, the cylinder space can be vented during the return stroke of the working piston. A valve closing spring 11 in the form of a conical disc spring is arranged between the top of the main valve and the housing cover 5.

Der Bewegungsfreiraum 8 oberhalb des Hauptventils ist über einen Verbindungskanal 12 mit dem Auslöseventil 13 verbunden. Mit Hilfe eines Rohres 14 durchsetzt der Verbindungskanal 12 den Druckluftvorratsraum 15 im Gerätegehäuse. Das Auslöseventil 13 besteht aus einem zylindrischen Einsatz mit einer Druckluftbohrung 16 und einem Ventilkolben 17, der mit längsgerichteten Entlüftungsnuten versehen ist, über welche der Verbindungskanal 12 nach außen entlüftet werden kann. In seiner unteren Endstellung, d.h. bei entlastetem Auslösehebel 18 befindet sich der Auslösekolben 17 in seiner unteren Endstellung, so daß die Druckluftbohrung 16 über Verbindungsbohrungen 20 und den Ringraum 19 mit dem Verbindungskanal 12 kommunizieren kann. Bei gezogenem Auslösehebel 18 wird dagegen der Verbindungskanal 12 über den Ringraum 19 und die Verbindungsbohrungen 20 des Auslöseventils in Verbindung mit den Längsnuten des Ventilkolbens 17 entlüftet.The freedom of movement 8 above the main valve is connected to the release valve 13 via a connecting channel 12. With the help of a pipe 14, the connecting channel 12 passes through the compressed air supply space 15 in the device housing. The trigger valve 13 consists of a cylindrical insert with a compressed air bore 16 and a valve piston 17, which is provided with longitudinal ventilation grooves, via which the connecting channel 12 can be vented to the outside. In its lower end position, i.e. when the release lever 18 is relieved, the release piston 17 is in its lower end position, so that the compressed air bore 16 can communicate with the connection channel 12 via connection bores 20 and the annular space 19. In contrast, when the trigger lever 18 is pulled, the connecting channel 12 is vented via the annular space 19 and the connecting bores 20 of the trigger valve in connection with the longitudinal grooves of the valve piston 17.

Innerhalb einer zylindrischen Verbreiterung 21 des Verbindungskanals 12 ist eine Zylinderlaufbüchse 22 für einen Stufenkolben 23 angeordnet (Fig. 2). Die zylindrische Verbreiterung 21 ist über eine Entlüftungsbohrung 24 mit der Außenluft verbunden. Der Stufenkolben ist mit einer zentralen Entlüftungsbohrung 25, 25a versehen, die seitlich in einen Ringraum 26 mündet, der durch den Stufenkolben in seinem Bereich geringeren Durchmessers mit der Wand der zylindrischen Verbreiterung 21 gebildet wird. Der Stufenkolben ist in seinem größeren Durchmesserbereich mit einem Dichtring 27 bestückt. An seinem der Entlüftungsbohrung 24 zugewandten Ende ist der Stufenkolben mit einer konischen Anfasung 28 versehen, die in einen Dichtungsring 29 greift, sobald der Stufenkolben seine obere Endlage erreicht. Der übergang vom kleineren Durchmesser zum größeren Durchmesser des Stufenkolbens bildet eine Ringfläche 30, wodurch sich im Moment der Entlüftung des Verbindungskanals 12 die zur Verschiebung notwendige Kraft rascher wirkend bilden kann. Die Ringfläche sorgt somit für eine sehr schnelle Schaltbewegung des Stufenkolbens.Within a cylindrical widening 21 of the connecting channel 12 is a cylinder liner 22 for a stepped piston 23 arranged (Fig. 2). The cylindrical widening 21 is connected to the outside air via a vent hole 24. The stepped piston is provided with a central vent hole 25, 25a, which opens laterally into an annular space 26 which is formed by the stepped piston in its area of smaller diameter with the wall of the cylindrical widening 21. The stepped piston is equipped with a sealing ring 27 in its larger diameter range. At its end facing the vent hole 24, the stepped piston is provided with a conical chamfer 28 which engages in a sealing ring 29 as soon as the stepped piston reaches its upper end position. The transition from the smaller diameter to the larger diameter of the stepped piston forms an annular surface 30, as a result of which the force required for displacement can be formed more quickly when the connecting channel 12 is vented. The ring surface thus ensures a very fast switching movement of the stepped piston.

In der Fig. 1 und 2 sind die bewegbaren Teile je zur Hälfte in der Ausgangsstellung und in der Betriebsstellung dargestellt. Die Ausgangsstellung wird jeweils von der linken Bildhälfte angezeigt. Dabei befindet sich das Hauptventil in der unteren Position während der Stufenkolben 23 die obere Position (Fig. 2) erreicht hat. Er greift mit seinem konischen Ende in den Dichtungsring 29 und sperrt die Entlüftungsöffnung 24 ab. Der Druck des Druckluftvorratsraumes 15 im Gehäuse 1 setzt sich über den Verbindungskanal 12, die zylindrische Erweiterung 21 in den Bewegungsfreiraum 8 oberhalb des Hauptventils fort und belastet dieses in Schließstellung.1 and 2, the movable parts are each shown half in the starting position and in the operating position. The starting position is shown from the left half of the picture. The main valve is in the lower position while the stepped piston 23 has reached the upper position (FIG. 2). It engages with its conical end in the sealing ring 29 and closes off the vent opening 24. The pressure of the compressed air reservoir 15 in the housing 1 continues via the connecting channel 12, the cylindrical extension 21 into the movement space 8 above the main valve and loads it in the closed position.

Sobald der Auslösehebel 18 gezogen wird, drückt er den Ventilkolben 17 in seine obere Position. Dadurch wird der Verbindungskanal 12 entlüftet. Der Druck oberhalb des Hauptventils wirkt auf den Stufenkolben zurück und drückt diesen in seine untere Position. Die Entlüftungsöffnung 24 wird freigegeben und der Bewegungsfreiraum oberhalb des Hauptventils wird vom Druck durch Kurzschluß mit der Außenluft entlastet. In diesem Moment kann der Luftdruck des Druckluftvorratsraumes 15 das Hauptventil 6 fast schlagartig in seine obere Endposition drücken, wobei die Kraft der Ventilschließfeder 11 überwunden wird. Die Druckluft hat damit allseits Zutritt zum Arbeitszylinder und beaufschlagt den Arbeitskolben 3, der schlagartig in seine untere Position getrieben wird. Nach dem Lösen des Auslösehebels 18 kann die Unterseite des Stufenkolbens 23 erneut belastet und dieser in seine obere Endposition geschoben werden. Der Druck setzt sich wieder bis in den Raum 8 oberhalb des Hauptventils fort und kann dieses in Schließrichtung belasten.As soon as the trigger lever 18 is pulled, it pushes the valve piston 17 into its upper position. As a result, the connecting channel 12 is vented. The pressure above the main valve affects the step piston and pushes it into its lower position. The vent 24 is released and the freedom of movement above the main valve is relieved of pressure by a short circuit with the outside air. At this moment The air pressure of the compressed air supply space 15 can push the main valve 6 almost suddenly into its upper end position, the force of the valve closing spring 11 being overcome. The compressed air thus has access to the working cylinder on all sides and acts on the working piston 3, which is suddenly driven into its lower position. After the release lever 18 has been released, the underside of the stepped piston 23 can be loaded again and this can be pushed into its upper end position. The pressure continues again into space 8 above the main valve and can load it in the closing direction.

Der Vorteil der Ventilschließfeder 11 besteht in der größeren Haltbarkeit gegenüber herkömmlichen Federn. Um zu verhindern, daß die Ventilschließfeder 11 an ihrer Anlagefläche am Gehäusedeckel 5 infolge eines Unterdrucks hängenbleibt, kann die Anlagefläche mit einer radial geführten Nut 31 (Fig. 2) versehen sein. Die Bildung eines Vakuums zwischen Ventilfeder und dem Gehäusedeckel wird dadurch mit Sicherheit verhindert. Die Ventilschließfeder 11 kann sich also nicht festsaugen. Die gleiche Wirkung wird erreicht, wenn die Ventilschließfeder 11 selbst mit einer radial verlaufenden Nut 11a oder einer einfachen Bohrung 11b versehen wird (Figuren 5b und 5c).The advantage of the valve closing spring 11 is the greater durability compared to conventional springs. In order to prevent the valve closing spring 11 from getting caught on its contact surface on the housing cover 5 as a result of a negative pressure, the contact surface can be provided with a radially guided groove 31 (FIG. 2). This definitely prevents the formation of a vacuum between the valve spring and the housing cover. The valve closing spring 11 can not suck up. The same effect is achieved if the valve closing spring 11 itself is provided with a radially extending groove 11a or a simple bore 11b (FIGS. 5b and 5c).

Claims (8)

  1. A compressed-air-operated impacting apparatus, more particularly for the driving-in of fastening means, such as clamps and nails, having a casing (1) receiving a working piston (3) guided in a cylinder (2) and also a cover-like main valve (6) which controls the release and closure of the whole cylinder cross-section and whose topside can be acted upon by compressed air and relieved by shortcircuiting with the outside air via a stepped-piston-shaped venting valve (23, 24, 25, 29) controllable by a triggering valve (13), the main valve always being pre-stressed by a valve spring (11) operative in the closure direction, and the triggering valve having venting ducts (17a) for a connecting duct (12) which connects the venting valve to the triggering valve, characterised in that the venting valve (23, 24, 25, 29) is disposed in the zone where the connecting duct (12) discharges into a free space (8) for movement above the main valve (6) while inside a cylindrical portion (21) of larger diameter of the connecting duct (12), the stepped piston (23) is slidably disposed within a venting bore (25, 25a) for the main valve (6) and a seal (27) in its zone of larger diameter, and the portion (21) of larger diameter of the connecting duct has an outwardly extending venting opening (24) which can be closed by the stepped piston.
  2. An impacting apparatus according to Claim 1, characterised in that for the sealing of the venting opening the stepped piston (23) has for sealing the venting opening (24) a conical chamfer (28) which is pressed during the piston closure position into a resilient sealing ring (29) enclosing the venting opening.
  3. An impacting apparatus according to Claims 1 or 2, characterised in that a cylinder liner (22) for the stepped piston is inserted in the cylindrical widened portion (21) of the connecting duct (12).
  4. An impacting apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the transition between the two different diameters of the stepped piston forms an annular face (30) for generating the piston thrust force.
  5. An impacting apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that an annular plastics spring washer is used as the valve closure spring (11).
  6. An impacting apparatus according to Claim 5, characterised in that the valve closing spring is made of polyurethane.
  7. An impacting apparatus according to Claims 5 or 6, characterised in that the bearing face of the valve closing spring on the apparatus casing is formed with at least one radially extending groove (31).
  8. An impacting apparatus according to Claims 5 or 6, characterised in that the valve closing spring is formed with at least one relief bore.
EP89114695A 1988-09-17 1989-08-09 Pneumatically operated driving-tool with a relief valve in the main valve Expired - Lifetime EP0359974B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3831607 1988-09-17
DE3831607A DE3831607A1 (en) 1988-09-17 1988-09-17 STRIKE DEVICE OPERATED BY COMPRESSED AIR WITH BLEEDING VALVE FOR THE MAIN VALVE

Publications (3)

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EP0359974A2 EP0359974A2 (en) 1990-03-28
EP0359974A3 EP0359974A3 (en) 1991-07-03
EP0359974B1 true EP0359974B1 (en) 1995-05-17

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EP89114695A Expired - Lifetime EP0359974B1 (en) 1988-09-17 1989-08-09 Pneumatically operated driving-tool with a relief valve in the main valve

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US (1) US5014898A (en)
EP (1) EP0359974B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3831607A1 (en)

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Also Published As

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EP0359974A2 (en) 1990-03-28
EP0359974A3 (en) 1991-07-03
DE3831607A1 (en) 1990-03-22
DE3831607C2 (en) 1992-11-12
US5014898A (en) 1991-05-14
DE58909233D1 (en) 1995-06-22

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