EP0345096A1 - Drill bit - Google Patents
Drill bit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0345096A1 EP0345096A1 EP89305634A EP89305634A EP0345096A1 EP 0345096 A1 EP0345096 A1 EP 0345096A1 EP 89305634 A EP89305634 A EP 89305634A EP 89305634 A EP89305634 A EP 89305634A EP 0345096 A1 EP0345096 A1 EP 0345096A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- buttons
- drill bit
- gauge
- head
- flushing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 206010016825 Flushing Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/36—Percussion drill bits
- E21B10/38—Percussion drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/56—Button-type inserts
Definitions
- This invention relates to improvements in button drill bits.
- Button drill bits are used extensively in the mining industry and are obtainable in various gauge diameters.
- Sintered cemented tungsten carbide buttons are used to provide hard rock breaking elements on the head of the drill bit. In general terms the larger and more numerous the buttons in relation to the head surface area the more efficient will be the drill bit.
- the cemented carbide buttons are generally grouped in particular patterns and those around the periphery are referred to as 'gauge' buttons, and those in the middle as 'face' buttons.
- One method of decreasing gauge wear is to increase the number of gauge buttons, which requires reduction of the diameter of the buttons for a fixed size bit. Another method is to increase the diameter of the buttons, resulting in fewer gauge buttons that can be fitted to a bit. For drill bits with gauge diameters in the most popular range of 41mm to 51mm, it becomes difficult to insert more gauge buttons of a reasonable diameter. It is a rule of thumb that the pitch circle spacing between the bases of the buttons should not be less than 2mm.
- a further constraint is that the head of the drill bit has to be flushed with water to remove broken rock, which is achieved by pumping water through flushing holes that open out at the head of the drill bit.
- the resulting sludge is ejected through flushing flutes that run along the side of the drill body.
- the need for flushing flutes places a constraint on the buttons in that the larger the button diameter and the greater the number of buttons, the more difficult it is to achieve good flushing characteristics from flushing holes and flutes.
- a drill bit comprising a shank, and a head having a gauge diameter ranging from 41mm to 51mm and fitted with at least six gauge buttons, each at least 10mm in diameter, and at least one face button.
- the gauge buttons are alternately spaced at radial angles of typically 54° and 66°.
- At least one flushing hole extends from a flushing chamber and opening out at a location eccentrically of the centre of a front end surface of the head of the bit, and at least one flushing hole extends from the flushing chamber and opening out at the periphery of the head.
- buttons may be of sintered tungsten cemented carbide, with a male or female thread down the centre.
- a drill bit 1 has a cylindrical shank 2 and head 3.
- the shape of the head 3 is defined by a central front face 4 and a peripheral surface 5.
- the front face 4 is a disc shaped flat surface which is circumscribed by an annular chamferred portion forming the peripheral surface 5.
- the normals to the flat surface 4 and the peripheral surface 5 are inclined to each other at angles ranging from 30° to 45°.
- the chamferred surface 5 has recesses 8 to accommodate cemented carbide buttons 9.
- the carbide buttons 9 have a generally cylindrical body with an outer wear end which is hemispherically shaped and an opposite root end, which is secured in an recess 8.
- the recesses 8, extend normally into the chamferred surface 5, so that the centre axis of the recess makes an angle with the normal to the front surface 4.
- the wear end of the buttons protrude above the chamferred surface.
- centre button 13 of some 8mm diameter is inserted in a recess 14 in the front surface 4.
- the position of the centre button 13 is slightly offset to facilitate rock breaking at the bit face and allow room for the outlet of a flushing hole 15, which extends from a flushing chamber 16.
- the gauge buttons are 10mm in diameter and are located in three sets of two pairs, with each button of a pair being spaced apart from each other by an angular pitch circle distance of typically 54°, and each set being spaced apart by an angular pitch circle distance of typically 66°.
- a further flushing hole extends from the flushing chamber and opens out in a flushing flute in the shank wall 17.
- Three major flushing flutes 17 extend axially along the shank wall through the periphery 5 of the head 3 and are located one between each set of gauge buttons.
- the shank 2 has a threaded recess 18 to accommodate an end of an extension drill rod.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
This invention relates to a drill bit which comprises a shank (2) which has a thread (18) down the centre and a head (3), the shape of which is defined by a flat central front face (4) and a chamferred peripheral surface (5). The front face has at least one eccentrically located face button approximately 8mm in diameter, and the peripheral surface has at least six gauge buttons, approximately 10mm in diameter, spaced typically at radial angles of 54° and 66°. The drill bit also has typically two flushing holes, the first extending from a flushing chamber (16) to an eccentrically located opening (15) at the front face and the second extending from the flushing chamber and opening at the peripheral surface. Also associated with the peripheral surface are flushing flutes which extend along the axis of the head.
Description
- This invention relates to improvements in button drill bits.
- Button drill bits are used extensively in the mining industry and are obtainable in various gauge diameters.
- Sintered cemented tungsten carbide buttons are used to provide hard rock breaking elements on the head of the drill bit. In general terms the larger and more numerous the buttons in relation to the head surface area the more efficient will be the drill bit. The cemented carbide buttons are generally grouped in particular patterns and those around the periphery are referred to as 'gauge' buttons, and those in the middle as 'face' buttons.
- One method of decreasing gauge wear is to increase the number of gauge buttons, which requires reduction of the diameter of the buttons for a fixed size bit. Another method is to increase the diameter of the buttons, resulting in fewer gauge buttons that can be fitted to a bit. For drill bits with gauge diameters in the most popular range of 41mm to 51mm, it becomes difficult to insert more gauge buttons of a reasonable diameter. It is a rule of thumb that the pitch circle spacing between the bases of the buttons should not be less than 2mm.
- A further constraint is that the head of the drill bit has to be flushed with water to remove broken rock, which is achieved by pumping water through flushing holes that open out at the head of the drill bit. The resulting sludge is ejected through flushing flutes that run along the side of the drill body. The need for flushing flutes places a constraint on the buttons in that the larger the button diameter and the greater the number of buttons, the more difficult it is to achieve good flushing characteristics from flushing holes and flutes.
- It is an object of this invention to provide an efficient drill bit by introducing more cemented tungsten carbide gauge buttons than has previously been possible.
- Acording to this invention there is provided a drill bit comprising a shank, and a head having a gauge diameter ranging from 41mm to 51mm and fitted with at least six gauge buttons, each at least 10mm in diameter, and at least one face button.
Preferably the gauge buttons are alternately spaced at radial angles of typically 54° and 66°. - At least one flushing hole extends from a flushing chamber and opening out at a location eccentrically of the centre of a front end surface of the head of the bit, and at least one flushing hole extends from the flushing chamber and opening out at the periphery of the head.
- Additionally the buttons may be of sintered tungsten cemented carbide, with a male or female thread down the centre.
- Embodiments of the invention are described below by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
- Fig. 1 is a plan view of the invention; and,
- Fig. 2 is a section along lines B-B of Fig. 1.
- As illustrated a
drill bit 1 has acylindrical shank 2 andhead 3. The shape of thehead 3 is defined by acentral front face 4 and aperipheral surface 5. Thefront face 4 is a disc shaped flat surface which is circumscribed by an annular chamferred portion forming theperipheral surface 5. The normals to theflat surface 4 and theperipheral surface 5 are inclined to each other at angles ranging from 30° to 45°. - The chamferred
surface 5 hasrecesses 8 to accommodate cemented carbide buttons 9. The carbide buttons 9 have a generally cylindrical body with an outer wear end which is hemispherically shaped and an opposite root end, which is secured in anrecess 8. Therecesses 8, extend normally into the chamferredsurface 5, so that the centre axis of the recess makes an angle with the normal to thefront surface 4. The wear end of the buttons protrude above the chamferred surface. - The root of a centre button 13 of some 8mm diameter is inserted in a
recess 14 in thefront surface 4. The position of the centre button 13 is slightly offset to facilitate rock breaking at the bit face and allow room for the outlet of aflushing hole 15, which extends from aflushing chamber 16. - The gauge buttons are 10mm in diameter and are located in three sets of two pairs, with each button of a pair being spaced apart from each other by an angular pitch circle distance of typically 54°, and each set being spaced apart by an angular pitch circle distance of typically 66°.
- A further flushing hole extends from the flushing chamber and opens out in a flushing flute in the
shank wall 17. Three major flushingflutes 17 extend axially along the shank wall through theperiphery 5 of thehead 3 and are located one between each set of gauge buttons. - The
shank 2 has a threadedrecess 18 to accommodate an end of an extension drill rod. - It will be appreciated that the above description covers a range of embodiments having normals to the
flat surface 4 and theperipheral surface 5 inclined to each other at angles ranging between 30° and 45°. - Field trials for two of these embodiments have been carried out and the results of these trials are set out in three examples given below at different drilling sites:-
-
Design Description Angle Between Normals Penetration (metres) 6 Gauge (or heelrow) buttons 30° 114.8 ave. 5 Gauge (or heelrow) buttons (standard) 86.5 ave. Prior art design 50.0 ave. - In this example an improvement in performance of 129.6% is shown over the prior art and 32.7% over a standard design.
-
6 Gauge (or heelrow) buttons 30° 133.0 ave. 6 Gauge (or heelrow) buttons 37.5° 123.4 ave. 5 Gauge (or heelrow) buttons (standard) 30° 114.0 ave. - This shows an improvement in performance of 16.6% over the standard design.
-
6 Gauge (or heelrow) buttons 30° 327.7 ave. 6 Gauge (or heelrow) buttons 37.5° 221.9 ave. 5 Gauge (or heelrow) buttons (standard) 30° 231.7 ave. - This shows an improvement of 41.4% over the standard design.
- These results show that the bits provided by this invention, having 6 gauge buttons give a longer life than those using 5 gauge buttons and example 1 shows a far superior performance than the prior art design.
Claims (5)
1. A drill bit comprising a shank, and a head having a gauge diameter ranging from 41mm to 51mm and fitted with at least six gauge buttons, each at least 10mm in diameter, and at least one face button.
2. A drill bit as claimed in claim 1 in which the gauge buttons are alternately spaced at radial angles of typically 54° and 66°.
3. A drill bit as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 having at least one flushing hole extending from a flushing chamber and opening out at locations eccentrically of the centre of the front end surface of the head of the bit and/or opening out at the periphery of the head.
4. A drill bit as claimed in any of the preceding claims, having buttons of cemented tungsten carbide.
5. A drill bit as claimed in any of the preceding claims, having a male or female thread down the centre.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ZA883939 | 1988-06-03 | ||
ZA883939 | 1988-06-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0345096A1 true EP0345096A1 (en) | 1989-12-06 |
Family
ID=25579277
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89305634A Withdrawn EP0345096A1 (en) | 1988-06-03 | 1989-06-05 | Drill bit |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0345096A1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI892721A (en) |
NO (1) | NO892223L (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002052122A1 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-07-04 | Moe, Per Thomas | A method and drill bit for reducing the cuttings size to a predetermined maximum size |
GB2516626A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2015-02-04 | Padley & Venables Ltd | Percussive Drill Bit |
CN104329029A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-04 | 安徽理工大学 | Impact drilling bit |
EP3760828A1 (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2021-01-06 | Sandvik Mining and Construction Tools AB | Drill bit |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR983901A (en) * | 1948-04-30 | 1951-06-29 | Joy Mfg Co | Improvement with drill bits or foils to perforate rocks |
US4296825A (en) * | 1977-11-25 | 1981-10-27 | Sandvik Aktiebolag | Rock drill |
US4304312A (en) * | 1980-01-11 | 1981-12-08 | Sandvik Aktiebolag | Percussion drill bit having centrally projecting insert |
EP0140849A2 (en) * | 1983-09-20 | 1985-05-08 | Santrade Ltd. | Rock drill bit |
US4730682A (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1988-03-15 | Ingersoll-Rand Company | Erosion resistant rock drill bit |
-
1989
- 1989-06-01 NO NO89892223A patent/NO892223L/en unknown
- 1989-06-02 FI FI892721A patent/FI892721A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-06-05 EP EP89305634A patent/EP0345096A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR983901A (en) * | 1948-04-30 | 1951-06-29 | Joy Mfg Co | Improvement with drill bits or foils to perforate rocks |
US4296825A (en) * | 1977-11-25 | 1981-10-27 | Sandvik Aktiebolag | Rock drill |
US4304312A (en) * | 1980-01-11 | 1981-12-08 | Sandvik Aktiebolag | Percussion drill bit having centrally projecting insert |
EP0140849A2 (en) * | 1983-09-20 | 1985-05-08 | Santrade Ltd. | Rock drill bit |
US4730682A (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1988-03-15 | Ingersoll-Rand Company | Erosion resistant rock drill bit |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002052122A1 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-07-04 | Moe, Per Thomas | A method and drill bit for reducing the cuttings size to a predetermined maximum size |
GB2516626A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2015-02-04 | Padley & Venables Ltd | Percussive Drill Bit |
GB2516626B (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2018-01-10 | Padley & Venables Ltd | Percussive Drill Bit |
CN104329029A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-04 | 安徽理工大学 | Impact drilling bit |
EP3760828A1 (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2021-01-06 | Sandvik Mining and Construction Tools AB | Drill bit |
WO2021004909A1 (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2021-01-14 | Sandvik Mining And Construction Tools Ab | Drill bit |
EP3760828B1 (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2022-04-20 | Sandvik Mining and Construction Tools AB | Drill bit |
US12000213B2 (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2024-06-04 | Sandvik Mining And Construction Tools Ab | Drill bit |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO892223D0 (en) | 1989-06-01 |
NO892223L (en) | 1989-12-04 |
FI892721A0 (en) | 1989-06-02 |
FI892721A (en) | 1989-12-04 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE FR SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19900310 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19910411 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19921013 |