EP0340623B1 - Mâchoires avant - Google Patents

Mâchoires avant Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0340623B1
EP0340623B1 EP89107598A EP89107598A EP0340623B1 EP 0340623 B1 EP0340623 B1 EP 0340623B1 EP 89107598 A EP89107598 A EP 89107598A EP 89107598 A EP89107598 A EP 89107598A EP 0340623 B1 EP0340623 B1 EP 0340623B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bolt
sole
clamp assembly
front clamp
assembly according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89107598A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0340623A3 (en
EP0340623A2 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Ing. Janisch
Helmut Ing. Wladar
Johann Zotter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HTM Sport und Freizeitgerate GmbH
Original Assignee
HTM Sport und Freizeitgerate GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HTM Sport und Freizeitgerate GmbH filed Critical HTM Sport und Freizeitgerate GmbH
Publication of EP0340623A2 publication Critical patent/EP0340623A2/fr
Publication of EP0340623A3 publication Critical patent/EP0340623A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0340623B1 publication Critical patent/EP0340623B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/005—Ski bindings with means for adjusting the position of a shoe holder or of the complete binding relative to the ski
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/085—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with sole hold-downs, e.g. swingable
    • A63C9/08535—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with sole hold-downs, e.g. swingable with a mobile body or base or single jaw
    • A63C9/08542—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with sole hold-downs, e.g. swingable with a mobile body or base or single jaw pivoting about a transversal axis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/085—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with sole hold-downs, e.g. swingable
    • A63C9/08535—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with sole hold-downs, e.g. swingable with a mobile body or base or single jaw
    • A63C9/0855—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with sole hold-downs, e.g. swingable with a mobile body or base or single jaw pivoting about a vertical axis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/0805—Adjustment of the toe or heel holders; Indicators therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/085—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with sole hold-downs, e.g. swingable
    • A63C9/08557—Details of the release mechanism
    • A63C9/08564—Details of the release mechanism using cam or slide surface
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/085—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with sole hold-downs, e.g. swingable
    • A63C9/08592—Structure or making

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a toe piece according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the housing In the travel position, the housing is held in its central position by the release spring.
  • the sole holder which is designed as a two-armed lever and has downward projections on its arm remote from the ski boot, which bear against the bolt in the cup-shaped piston, occupies a horizontal position.
  • the additional piston is pushed back against the force of the release spring and the cup-shaped piston is moved backwards relative to the housing.
  • the cup-shaped piston is shifted slightly towards the ski boot from the base of the sole holder via the bolt, which results in the sole holder pivoting in the sense of releasing the ski boot.
  • the toe piece loosens even if the backward fall and the turn fall occur simultaneously.
  • the locking member is designed as a lever which is acted upon by the release spring.
  • This known design is therefore more distant from the subject of the application than the design according to the US PS already considered.
  • the object of the invention is to simplify the construction and manufacture of the toe piece for a toe piece of the type mentioned at the beginning and also to facilitate the release of the ski boot in the event of a backward fall.
  • the locking member is formed in one piece and acts directly on the sole hold-down device, the front jaw is simplified in its manufacture.
  • the arrangement of the transverse axis in the two legs of the housing has the advantage that the pivoting angle of the sole holder is increased compared to the known designs in which the transverse axis is higher due to the system. This makes it easier to release the ski boot.
  • the construction according to claim 2 is characterized in that the sole holder not only pivots about the transverse axis in the event of a backward fall, but at the same time also moves away from the base plate, which makes it easier to get out.
  • the pivoting movement of the sole holder is controlled by a slot-like recess in the base plate.
  • the variant characterized in claim 7 enables space-saving accommodation of the compression spring.
  • claim 8 simplifies the assembly of the toe, especially since the transverse axis is only inserted.
  • the structure of the toe piece according to claim 9 is very simple in that no recess in the base plate is required for the return of the sole holder after a rotary fall.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical longitudinal central section through a first embodiment in the driving position and Fig. 2 is a plan view partly. cut along the line II - II in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal central section through this embodiment in a backward fall and
  • Fig. 4 is an illustration similar to Fig. 2 when the sole holder is swung out to the side.
  • 5 to 11 show a second embodiment in the vertical longitudinal central section and in section along the line VI-VI in FIG. 5, FIGS. 7 and 8 corresponding to FIGS. 5 and 6 and the position of the individual elements according to play a backward or turning camber.
  • Fig. 5a shows a variant of Fig. 5.
  • Figs. 9-11 represent further details of the embodiment according to FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 are sections along the line X-X and XI-XI in Fig. 9.
  • the toe piece shown in FIGS. 1-4 is designated 101 in its entirety. It has a base plate 119 which is fastened to the top 100a of a ski 100 and which carries an axis of rotation 120 running perpendicular to it.
  • a housing 102 is mounted on the axis of rotation 120 and contains a release spring 111 with an adjustable preload. This release spring 111 acts on a locking member 121, the elongated hole 121a, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the locking member 121, is penetrated by the axis of rotation 120.
  • a sole holder 108 is pivotably mounted on the transverse axis 122.
  • the sole holder 108 has on its side facing the housing 102 a recess 108c, in which the locking member 121 engages with its cylindrically rounded end 121b.
  • the center of rotation of the axis of rotation 120 is flattened at its front side at 120a, and the elongated hole 121a in the locking member 121 likewise has a flattened portion 121c at one end, which comes into contact with the flattened portion 120a of the axis of rotation 120 in the travel position of the front jaw 101.
  • the extent of the flattening 120a of the axis of rotation 120 and the distance a of the plane of symmetry of the locking member 121 from the transverse axis 122 are dimensioned such that the ratio of the triggering torques desired by the designer is achieved in the event of a backward fall and a rotational fall.
  • An adjusting screw 103 is screwed into an axially running threaded bore of the ski-fixed axis of rotation 120, on the head 103 a of which the housing 102 is rotatably but secured against axial displacement.
  • This adjusting screw 103 makes it possible to adapt the toe 101 to differently thick shoe soles, so that the sole holder 108 fits snugly on the shoe sole and the locking member 121 is supported on the axis of rotation 120 at the same time.
  • leg springs 104 Arranged on the transverse axis 122 are two leg springs 104 which endeavor to pivot the sole holder 108 against the locking member 121. This will be the entry of the skier relieved with the ski boot in the toe 101.
  • the front jaw 101 In the driving position, the front jaw 101 assumes the position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the housing 102 which holds the sole of the shoe laterally with its two legs 102a and 102b, is pivoted about the axis of rotation 120.
  • the flattened portion 121c of the elongated hole 121a stands out from the flattened portion 120a of the axis of rotation 120, which likewise results in the compression spring 111 being compressed.
  • the ski boot can leave the toe 101.
  • FIGS. 5-8 The second embodiment shown in FIGS. 5-8 is constructed similarly to the first embodiment.
  • This front jaw 301 also has a base plate 319 fastened to the upper side 300a of a ski 300, which carries an axis of rotation 320 perpendicular to this plate.
  • a housing 302 is mounted on this, in which there is a release spring 311 which can be preloaded.
  • This release spring 311 acts on a locking member 321, the slot 321a of which passes through the axis of rotation 320 is and its function is explained in more detail below.
  • two legs 302a, 302b are attached to the housing 302, which on the one hand hold the ski boot laterally and which on the other hand serve to receive a transverse axis 322 which runs parallel to the base plate 319.
  • the transverse axis 322 is supported in slots 302c, 302d of the two legs 302a, 302b.
  • the side walls of the slots 302c, 302d form acute angles ⁇ with the top of the base plate 319.
  • a bolt 323 is pivotally mounted on the transverse axis 322, which runs approximately perpendicular to the upper side of the ski 300a in the driving position of the front jaw 301 and whose lower end preferably carries a roller 324 which is guided in a recess 319a in the base plate 319 delimited by a control curve 319b .
  • This control curve 319b has a central region 319c which is concave from the direction of the axis of rotation 320 and two convex sections 319d adjoining this region.
  • the two convex sections 319d are provided with spatially twisted ramps 319e in their end regions. Since the release spring 311 tends to pivot the bolt 323 clockwise in FIG.
  • the roller 324 is always in the driving position the edge of the recess 319a adjacent to the axis of rotation 320 and forming the control curve 319b.
  • the underside of the roller 324 is at a distance b from the support plane of the base plate 319, which releases the ski boot in the event of a backward fall of the skier becomes possible.
  • An inclination of the bolt 323 is inevitably brought about by the two spatially twisted ramps 319e.
  • a sole holder 308 which is under the influence of a compression spring 307, is slidably mounted on the bolt 323.
  • This compression spring 307 is located at least with its lower region in a stepped bore 308b of the sole holder 308.
  • the displacement path of the sole holder 308 relative to the bolt 323 is limited by an elongated hole 308a penetrated by the transverse axis 322 and penetrated by the transverse axis 322.
  • an adjustment of the sole holder 308 to the thickness of different shoe soles is not necessary in the front jaw 301, since this adjustment takes place automatically.
  • the ski boot is therefore inserted from above and from behind with its sole under the sole holder 308 and then pivoted toward the upper side 300a of the ski 300, the sole holder 308 taking up its raised position against the pressure of the compression spring 307.
  • the housing 302 is first pivoted about the axis of rotation 320.
  • the roller 324 comes to one of the ramps 319e of the control cam 319b in the cutout 319a, which results in an oblique position of the bolt 323 and thus of the sole holder 308.
  • the locking member 321 is pushed back and the release spring 311 is thereby tensioned somewhat more (FIG. 7).
  • the ski boot can therefore leave the toe 301 comfortably in this position. Thereafter, all the elements of the toe 301 are returned to the position shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 by the positive control described.
  • FIG. 9 shows a top view of the recess 319a with the control curve 319b according to FIG. 6.
  • the spatially twisted ramps 319e provided in the two end regions of the control curve 319b can be seen.
  • 10 and 11 are sections along the lines X-X and XI-XI in Fig. 9. From these figures are the distance b of the roller 324 from the support plane of the base plate 319 and the position of the roller 324 on one of the ramps 319e can be seen.
  • FIG. 5a shows a variant of the embodiment according to FIG. 5.
  • the compression spring 307 ' is accommodated in a recess, one half 323'b of which is recessed in the bolt 323' and the other half 308'c in the sole holder 308 '.
  • the displacement path of the sole holder 308 'relative to the bolt 323' is limited by an elongated hole 308'a penetrated by the transverse axis 322 'and penetrated by the transverse axis 322'.
  • the locking member 321 ' is provided with a spherical end 321'c which is supported on the lateral surface of the cylindrical bolt 323'.
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described above and shown in the drawing.
  • the return of the housing from the pivoted-out position could be supported by springs which urge the sole holder into its central position.
  • the compression springs could be designed as disc spring assemblies.

Landscapes

  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Mâchoire avant présentant une plaque de base (119 ; 319) assujettie à un ski, et à laquelle est fixé un axe de rotation (120 ; 320) saillant vers le haut, ainsi qu'un boîtier (102 ; 302) monté sur l'axe de rotation et logeant un ressort de déclenchement (111 ; 311), ledit boîtier (102 ; 302) étant équipé, à son extrémité voisine d'une chaussure de ski à engager, d'une part de deux branches (102a, 102b ; 302a, 302b) qui emprisonnent latéralement la chaussure de ski et, d'autre part, d'un abaisse-semelle (108 ; 308) qui est monté sur un axe transversal (122 ; 322) et empêche un soulèvement de la semelle de la chaussure, le ressort de déclenchement (111 ; 311) ayant pour effets, dans la position de déplacement de la mâchoire avant, à la fois de retenir le boîtier (102 ; 302) dans sa position centrale, et de solliciter simultanément l'abaissesemelle (108 ; 308) en direction de la semelle de la chaussure, avec interposition d'un organe de verrouillage (121 ; 321) monté à coulissement sur l'axe de rotation (120 ; 320) dans sa direction longitudinale, par une échancrure du type trou oblong s étendant dans sa direction longitudinale, caractérisée par le fait que l'axe transversal (122 ; 322) est monté, par ses deux extrémités, dans les branches (102a, 102b ; 302a, 302b) du boîtier (102 ; 302) ; et par le fait que l'organe de verrouillage (121 ; 321) est réalisé d'un seul tenant et vient directement en prise avec l'abaisse-semelle (108 ; 308).
  2. Mâchoire avant selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le cale-semelle est disposé sur un tenon en vue du réglage en hauteur, caractérisée par le fait que l'extrémité inférieure du tenon (323), traversé par l'axe transversal (322), est guidée dans un évidement (319a) du type trou oblong, ménagé dans la plaque de base (319) et s'étendant transversalement par rapport à l'axe longitudinal de la mâchoire avant (301) (figures 5-11).
  3. Mâchoire avant selon la revendication 2, caractérisée par le fait que l'évidement (319a) est muni, du côté voisin de l'axe de rotation (320), d'une came de commande (319b) qui comprend une région centrale (319c), concave observée depuis l'axe de rotation (320), ainsi que deux tronçons convexes (319d) attenants à cette région ; et par le fait que la zone extrême inférieure du tenon (323), appliquée contre la came de commande, est de préférence pourvue d'un galet (324).
  4. Mâchoire avant selon la revendication 3, caractérisée par le fait que les deux tronçons convexes (319d) sont dotés, au moins dans leurs zones extrêmes, de rampes lobées (319e).
  5. Mâchoire avant selon la revendication 2, caractérisée par le fait que le cale-semelle (308) est muni, au voisinage de l'axe transversal (322), d'un trou oblong (308a) s'étendant dans la direction de l'axe du tenon (323), et prend appui contre le tenon (323) au moyen d'un ressort de pression (307).
  6. Mâchoire avant selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que l'organe de verrouillage (321) possède une extrémité (321b, 321'c) sphérique ou à arrondi cylindrique, par laquelle il vient en prise avec le tenon (323) du cale-semelle (308), de préférence sur un évidement (323a) du tenon (323) (figures 5-7, 5a).
  7. Mâchoire avant selon la revendication 5, caractérisée par le fait que le ressort de pression (307') est intégré dans un évidement dont l'une (323'b) des moitiés est ménagée dans le tenon (323'), et dont l'autre moitié (308'c) est pratiquée dans le cale-semelle (308') (figure 5a).
  8. Mâchoire avant selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que l'axe transversal (322) est monté dans des fentes (302c, 302d) des deux branches (302a, 302b), les parois latérales des fentes (302c, 302d) décrivant des angles aigus (α) avec la face supérieure de la plaque de base (319).
  9. Mâchoire avant selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que l'échancrure (121a) pratiquée dans l'organe de verrouillage (121) présente un méplat du côté voisin du ressort de déclenchement (111) ; et par le fait que l'axe de rotation (120) présente également, d'une manière connue par elle-même, un méplat (120a) contre lequel l'organe de verrouillage (121) est appliqué dans la position de déplacement (figures 1-4).
EP89107598A 1988-05-04 1989-04-27 Mâchoires avant Expired - Lifetime EP0340623B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1155/88 1988-05-04
AT0115588A AT391420B (de) 1988-05-04 1988-05-04 Vorderbacken

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0340623A2 EP0340623A2 (fr) 1989-11-08
EP0340623A3 EP0340623A3 (en) 1990-09-26
EP0340623B1 true EP0340623B1 (fr) 1992-12-16

Family

ID=3507801

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89107598A Expired - Lifetime EP0340623B1 (fr) 1988-05-04 1989-04-27 Mâchoires avant

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0340623B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT391420B (fr)
DE (1) DE58902994D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT399102B (de) * 1993-02-15 1995-03-27 Tyrolia Freizeitgeraete Sicherheitsbindung
US20120007338A1 (en) * 2010-04-12 2012-01-12 Golden Crab S.L. Automatic release control system for controlling the connection between two elements

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2314742A1 (fr) * 1975-06-20 1977-01-14 Salomon & Fils F Fixation de securite pour ski a compensation automatique des contraintes parasites
AT361347B (de) * 1978-04-06 1981-03-10 Tyrolia Freizeitgeraete Backenkoerper fuer skibindung
FR2424037B1 (fr) * 1978-04-28 1982-12-17 Salomon & Fils F
FR2469189B1 (fr) * 1979-11-13 1985-10-25 Look Sa Butee avant de fixation de ski
FR2540735A1 (fr) * 1983-02-14 1984-08-17 Salomon & Fils F Fixation de securite pour ski

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA115588A (de) 1990-04-15
EP0340623A3 (en) 1990-09-26
AT391420B (de) 1990-10-10
EP0340623A2 (fr) 1989-11-08
DE58902994D1 (de) 1993-01-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE2358282C3 (de) Skibindungsteil
DE2502956C2 (de) Sohlenniederhalter für eine Ski-Sicherheitsbindung
AT397923B (de) Sicherheitsskibindung
DE3310739C2 (fr)
DE1428866B2 (de) Auslösende Fersenabstütz vorrichtung für Skibindungen
AT396553B (de) Backen für eine tourenskibindung
DE3141425C1 (de) Sicherheitsbindung für Ski
EP0365861B1 (fr) Front jaw
EP3120903B1 (fr) Talonnière
DE2926822A1 (de) Bindungsanordnung fuer ski
DE2827717C2 (fr)
DE69401171T2 (de) Bindungselement für einen alpinen Ski
AT392594B (de) Backenkoerper fuer sicherheitsskibindungen
DE2218478A1 (de) Skibindung mit einem vorderbacken und einem fersenautomat
EP0340623B1 (fr) Mâchoires avant
EP0166179B1 (fr) Fixation de sécurité pour ski
DE69000206T2 (de) Sicherheitsskibindung.
EP0257244B1 (fr) Fixation de ski de sécurité, notamment mâchoire avant
DE3900217A1 (de) Sicherheitsskibindung zum halten des vorderen endes eines auf einem ski montierten schuhs in ausloesbarer weise
EP0389757B1 (fr) Butée avant
DE4435960C2 (de) Snowboardbindung
DE3151222C2 (de) Vorderbacken für eine Sicherheits-Skibindung
DE69602509T2 (de) Schuhrückhaltevorrichtung auf einem Snowboard bzw. Ski oder ähnlichem
EP2821113B1 (fr) Butée avant dotée d'un moyen de chaussement
EP0189562A1 (fr) Talonnière pour fixation de ski

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): CH DE FR LI

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): CH DE FR LI

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19910121

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: TMC CORPORATION

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19920416

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: HTM SPORT- UND FREIZEITGERAETE GESELLSCHAFT M.B.H.

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): CH DE FR LI

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 58902994

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19930128

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19930211

ET Fr: translation filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19930430

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19930430

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19931229

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST