EP0317410A1 - Antibeschlagzusammensetzung, damit beschichtetes Produkt und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung - Google Patents

Antibeschlagzusammensetzung, damit beschichtetes Produkt und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0317410A1
EP0317410A1 EP88402843A EP88402843A EP0317410A1 EP 0317410 A1 EP0317410 A1 EP 0317410A1 EP 88402843 A EP88402843 A EP 88402843A EP 88402843 A EP88402843 A EP 88402843A EP 0317410 A1 EP0317410 A1 EP 0317410A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mass
composition
composition according
monomers
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88402843A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0317410B1 (de
Inventor
Pascal Chartier
Albert A. Kruger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Vitrage SA
Saint Gobain Vitrage International SA
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Filing date
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Application filed by Saint Gobain Vitrage SA, Saint Gobain Vitrage International SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Vitrage SA
Publication of EP0317410A1 publication Critical patent/EP0317410A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0317410B1 publication Critical patent/EP0317410B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/18Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surfaces to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto; Thawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D4/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/3154Of fluorinated addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31544Addition polymer is perhalogenated
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31551Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
    • Y10T428/31645Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31935Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composition for anti-fog coating useful for forming, on a support, an anti-fog and mechanically resistant film, a product carrying this film, the surface of which has an anti-fog character and a process for preparing this product.
  • hydrophilic layers To avoid the formation of fogging, that is to say the condensation of fine water droplets on a support, it has been proposed to deposit hydrophilic layers.
  • the German patent DE 1 928 409 describes an anti-fog coating formed from polymers of hydroxyalkyl acrylate or methacrylate. These very hydrophilic layers absorb water and allow the formation, with excess water, of a film of water on the surface which does not prevent transparency. However, these layers, due to the absorption of water, swell, soften and become less resistant mechanically.
  • crosslinking of these layers improves their mechanical strength, but their anti-fogging property, that is to say the ability to absorb water over the entire surface of the support, decreases.
  • compositions for anti-fog coating from which we can form, by easily implemented processes, layers whose anti-fog and mechanical resistance properties are durable.
  • the subject of the present invention is therefore: - a composition for anti-fog coating useful for forming, on a support, a film having anti-fog and mechanical resistance characteristics, in particular abrasion resistance, while retaining the optical qualities of the support, - a product formed of a glass or plastic support, coated with this anti-fog composition and, - a process for preparing this product.
  • compositions useful for forming, on a support, a layer having anti-fog and abrasion resistance characteristics comes up, as has been indicated, against conflicting requirements: the layers having a better anti-fog action have a lower abrasion resistance and when the abrasion resistance of the layers is improved, there is a decrease in the anti-fog effect.
  • Component (A) the acrylic or methacrylic acid monomer, provides the hydrophilicity characteristic and is used in an amount of 40 to 80% by mass and, preferably, in an amount of 50 to 60%. Amounts less than 40% lead to the formation of a less hydrophilic layer having an insufficient anti-fogging character.
  • Component (B) is an ester of acrylic acid or metha acrylic which gives the layer obtained better mechanical resistance.
  • This ester preferably has a short chain to further provide a hydrophilic character.
  • the alkyl groups preferably contain from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. When the alkyl group contains more than 4 carbon atoms, the monomer has a hydrophobic effect: it is then necessary to use it in a smaller quantity in favor of monomer A, acrylic or methacrylic acid, and the mechanical resistance of the polymer decreases .
  • esters which can be used particularly in the invention are methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and hydroxypropyl methacrylate. It is preferred to use methyl methacrylate which, in addition to the abrasion resistance characteristics, provides transparency and adhesion properties, particularly to glass.
  • Component (B) is used in an amount of 20% to 60% by mass and preferably from 40 to 50% by mass.
  • any suitable polyfunctional compound can be used.
  • Particularly useful crosslinking agents are polyfunctional acrylic monomers or oligomers such as 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, trimethylol propane triacrylate, dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate and diethylene glycol diacrylate.
  • the crosslinking agent represents from 1 to 15% of the total mass of the monomers (A) and (B), and preferably from 5 to 10%.
  • the mechanical strength of the layer obtained from the composition according to the invention depends on the presence of the acrylate or methacrylate monomer, mentioned above, but also on the crosslinking agent used.
  • a polyfunctional acrylic crosslinking agent such as dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate
  • a greater crosslinking of the polymer can be obtained, which improves the mechanical strength.
  • the polymerization initiator compound by the action of ultraviolet radiation generally represents from 0.1 to 5% of the total mass of the monomers (A) and (B) and preferably from 0.1 to 0.5%.
  • a polymerization initiator compounds having a high activity are used for the polymerization of unsaturated monomers, such as benzophenone, benzile, thioxanthones and their derivatives.
  • Polymerization initiators useful for the invention are for example "Irgacure” products sold by Ciba-Geigy, such as “Irgacure 651” (benzildimethylketal), “Irgacure 184" (hydroxy-1-cyclohexyl) -phenylketone , “Irgacure 500” which is a mixture of benzophenone and (hydroxy-1-cyclohexyl) -phenyl ketone.
  • the invention also relates to a product having anti-fog and mechanical resistance characteristics, in particular abrasion resistance, which comprises a support and a layer of the composition described above, polymerized by the action of ultraviolet radiation.
  • the support may consist of any substance which has the disadvantage of becoming covered with mist when it is in temperature and humidity conditions causing the condensation of water droplets.
  • These supports are in particular glass and plastics, such as polymethyl methacrylate, which is used, in particular, in the field of transport vehicles and in the building because of their transparency.
  • the composition according to the invention is particularly suitable for the formation of a layer on these supports since it retains their optical qualities.
  • These supports before the application of the composition according to the invention, must be very clean to be perfectly wettable and allow good spreading, or even spontaneous spreading, of the composition.
  • These supports may optionally carry an intermediate layer or be treated by any suitable method to improve the adhesion of the layer.
  • a composition according to the invention, preferably used to form the anti-fog layer on these supports comprises, as monomers (A) and (B), acrylic acid and methyl methacrylate.
  • compositions according to the invention useful for obtaining the desired results
  • a crosslinking agent comprising more than two functional groups, such as dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate.
  • the composition cross-links more and forms a layer having improved mechanical strength.
  • a composition making it possible to obtain satisfactory results, as regards the anti-fog character and the mechanical strength, can comprise 60% by mass of acrylic acid and 40% by mass of methyl methacrylate.
  • the amount of crosslinking agent in such a composition depends on the desired crosslinking. 10% by mass, relative to the total mass of the acrylic acid and methyl methacrylate monomers, of this crosslinking agent gives good results.
  • compositions described above are particularly suitable for supports such as glass. It is, of course, possible to vary the amounts of the various constituents of the composition, in the intervals mentioned above, to obtain a particular result which may depend on the support used and the importance of the desired anti-fogging character.
  • the layer applied from the composition according to the invention, on a support such as glass or polymethyl methacrylate, is soluble neither in water nor in common organic solvents such as acetone, chloroform , propylene carbonate. It is more resistant to abrasion than, for example, polymers based on acrylic acid or methyl methacrylate previously proposed as anti-fog layers. It has an anti-fog character, practically permanent: in particular it does not cover any fogging, even in an atmosphere of high humidity and at temperatures below the dew point as it can be the case in a bathroom or inside. 'a car. The layer even retains a dry feel, which supposes that it strongly absorbs water.
  • the layers obtained according to the invention are of particular interest for polymethyl methacrylate supports.
  • the thickness of the anti-fog layer depends on the intended use of the product. It is believed that the absorption of water by the layer, which prevents fogging on the support, increases with the thickness of the layer. If you are looking for a product with a high anti-fog characteristic, the layer is preferably thick. However, a thick layer requires greater crosslinking to give it sufficient mechanical strength, which can harm the hydrophilic, and therefore anti-fog, nature of the layer, as previously mentioned. It is possible to use, in a satisfactory manner, layers of 20 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the method according to the invention for manufacturing a product having anti-fog and mechanical resistance characteristics consists of: - to clean the surface (s) to be coated to make it perfectly wettable, applying a layer of a composition according to the invention to these surfaces, - Exposing these coated surfaces to ultraviolet radiation to polymerize and crosslink the composition.
  • the surface to be coated with the composition according to the invention is perfectly clean so that the composition can spread easily, or even spontaneously, to form a homogeneous layer over the entire surface.
  • any treatment method suitable for each surface can be used.
  • the surface when the surface is glass, it can, for example, be washed with soap and water, particularly with an aqueous solution of "Deconex 12" (which is a phosphate associated with a surfactant, from the Company Borer Chemie). It is then rinsed with distilled water, then alcohol. It is optionally dried in an oven.
  • "Deconex 12" which is a phosphate associated with a surfactant, from the Company Borer Chemie
  • a 10% aqueous solution of "Teepol” can be used for washing and rinsed with distilled water, then dried in an oven at 50 ° C. about.
  • the treatment described above is not necessary if the support is perfectly clean; this is particularly the case for the glass surface when the glazing leaves the manufacturing oven.
  • the anti-fog treatment according to the invention applied to a glazing unit can therefore take place on the production line without using the first step of the process described above.
  • the layer of anti-fog composition applied to the clean surface of the support must be uniform. Any suitable coating method can be used to obtain such a layer, for example a coating method with casting, with a film puller if the composition has a sufficient viscosity, with a spinner, etc.
  • the coating with the casting is particularly suitable when the composition is very fluid: one can then obtain a spontaneous spreading of the composition without the intervention of an external action which could involve a discontinuity of the layer.
  • the support coated with the composition layer is exposed to ultraviolet radiation to initiate the polymerization and to crosslink the polymer.
  • a mercury vapor lamp is used, for example, the power of which can vary from a few tens of watts to several thousand watts per square meter of surface to be treated.
  • the duration of the exposure and the power of the lamp used depend on the composition, the thickness of the layer and the degree of crosslinking desired.
  • the monomers such as acrylic acid and methyl methacrylate
  • a lamp of not too high power must be used to avoid evaporation of the monomers.
  • Exposure to ultraviolet light preferably takes place in an atmosphere devoid of oxygen and water vapor, which act as a polymerization inhibitor, particularly when the quantity of polymerization initiator compound is low.
  • the crosslinking must be sufficient for the polymer to be insoluble in water and the usual organic solvents, for it to have a mechanical strength suitable for the intended subsequent use, but it must be such that the polymer retains its hydrophilic nature which makes it the anti-fog layer.
  • the Taber method (Teledyne Taber Abrasers) is used according to which the coated support is subjected to the abrasive action of a cylindrical abrasive plate (CS 10 F Resilient Calibrase Wheel) under a load of 250 g for 30 cycles.
  • the increase (in%) of the turbidity of the treated product is then measured by comparison with the initial turbidity of the product.
  • the turbidity of the product can be compared to that of a polymethyl methacrylate film, known to be very sensitive to abrasion, which was subjected to the same abrasion test.
  • Various methods can be used to assess the anti-fog effect.
  • a plate of silica-soda-lime glass obtained by the technique of manufacturing "float glass" is used as a support.
  • the surface to be treated is cleaned by soaking it in a 3% aqueous solution of "Deconex 12" (Borer Chemie) for one hour. Rinse with distilled water and alcohol. It is dried in an oven at 120 ° C for about an hour. A very wettable surface is thus obtained, the contact angle of a drop of water on this surface being less than 5 °.
  • a mixture is prepared comprising 50% by mass of acrylic acid (component A) and 50% by mass of methyl methacrylate (component B), these two components having been purified beforehand, if necessary.
  • a crosslinking agent, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate (product SR 213 from Sartomer) and a polymerization initiator, benzildimethylketal (Irgacure 651 from Ciba-Geigy) are added to this mixture. These products are added in quantity, calculated relative to the total mass of the monomers A and B, of 5% and 0.1% by mass, respectively.
  • the glass plate to be treated is placed on a very stable support to avoid subjecting it to any vibration which would prevent the formation of a homogeneous layer.
  • composition prepared above is applied to the glass plate, by pouring: the very liquid composition drops drop by drop to the center of the plate and spreads spontaneously on the support to form a homogeneous layer with a thickness of approximately 50 ⁇ m.
  • the coated glass plate is then exposed, at ambient temperature and under a nitrogen atmosphere, to ultraviolet radiation using a mercury vapor lamp UVP model B 100 A, with a power of 100 W, located 25 cm from the plate.
  • the duration of the exhibition is 20 minutes.
  • the polymer layer is then subjected to ammonia vapors for 5 min. An optically satisfactory layer is obtained.
  • the anti-fogging character of the treated glass plate is evaluated, by subjecting it for one day to the test described above. No condensation of water is noted. An uncoated glass plate serving as a control immediately becomes fogged.
  • the abrasion resistance test indicates a turbidity of 10% while the same test on a polymethyl methacrylate film indicates a turbidity of 25%.
  • Example 6 The procedure is as in Example 1, but a composition containing 60% by mass of acrylic acid and 40% by mass of methyl methacrylate is used, and with respect to the total mass of these monomers, 10% of dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate (product SR 399 from the company Sartomer) as a crosslinking agent and 0.2% of polymerization initiator "Irgacure 651".
  • This composition is applied to a cleaned glass plate as indicated in Example 1, using a film puller making it possible to obtain a layer of approximately 20 ⁇ m.
  • the layer is exposed as in the previous example.
  • the anti-fog nature of the layer is evaluated as in Example 1. After one day, there is no condensation of water. The abrasion resistance test indicates a turbidity of 1.2%.
  • the layer obtained is optically satisfactory.
  • Example 2 The procedure is as in Example 2, but the composition contains 10% by mass of trimethylolpropane triacrylate (product SR 351 from the company Sartomer) as crosslinking agent and 0.1% by mass of "Irgacure 651" as initiator polymerization.
  • product SR 351 from the company Sartomer
  • Irgacure 651 initiator polymerization
  • composition is applied to a clean glass plate, as indicated in Example 2 and is exposed as in the previous examples.
  • the layer obtained is optically satisfactory; the anti-fog character is evaluated as in Example 1, the layer does not have any water condensation.
  • the abrasion test indicates a turbidity of 8%.
EP88402843A 1987-11-19 1988-11-14 Antibeschlagzusammensetzung, damit beschichtetes Produkt und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung Expired - Lifetime EP0317410B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8715986 1987-11-19
FR8715986A FR2623516B1 (fr) 1987-11-19 1987-11-19 Composition pour revetement antibuee, produit revetu de cette composition et procede de preparation de ce produit

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0317410A1 true EP0317410A1 (de) 1989-05-24
EP0317410B1 EP0317410B1 (de) 1993-01-20

Family

ID=9356936

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88402843A Expired - Lifetime EP0317410B1 (de) 1987-11-19 1988-11-14 Antibeschlagzusammensetzung, damit beschichtetes Produkt und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (2) US5480917A (de)
EP (1) EP0317410B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH02670A (de)
KR (1) KR0138661B1 (de)
BR (1) BR8806067A (de)
CA (1) CA1309796C (de)
DE (1) DE3877711T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2053788T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2623516B1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0399441A2 (de) * 1989-05-26 1990-11-28 Panelgraphic Corporation Beschichtung gegen Nebel
US5342683A (en) * 1992-05-26 1994-08-30 Elf Atochem Italia S.R.L. Water spreading films or plates consisting of acrylic polymers and process for their preparation
EP0652249A1 (de) * 1993-11-10 1995-05-10 Atohaas Holding C.V. Tropfenbildungshemmende Filme oder Platten aus Acryl-Polymeren und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
EP0678565A1 (de) * 1994-04-14 1995-10-25 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Polymerverdicktes Enteisungsmittel und Vereisungsschutzmittel für Flugzeuge

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1269796B (it) * 1994-05-19 1997-04-15 Marco Rigamonti Processo per la preparazione di articoli formati antigraffio e antiabrasione,a base di polimeri acrilici
TW293091B (en) * 1995-12-22 1996-12-11 Daiseru Amihoshi Sangyo Kk Plastic lens and preparation thereof
US5989628A (en) * 1995-12-22 1999-11-23 Daicel Abosisangyo Co., Ltd. Plastic lenses and method of producing the same
US5877254A (en) * 1996-07-22 1999-03-02 Film Specialties, Inc. Scratch-resistant anti-fog coating composition incorporating isocyanate-reactive surfactants
JP2000182410A (ja) * 1998-12-17 2000-06-30 Koito Mfg Co Ltd 車両用灯具
US20050202178A1 (en) * 2002-05-02 2005-09-15 Hussmann Corporation Merchandisers having anti-fog coatings and methods for making the same
US20030205059A1 (en) * 2002-05-02 2003-11-06 Hussmann Corporation Merchandisers having anti-fog coatings and methods for making the same
BRPI0407297A (pt) * 2003-02-06 2006-02-07 Surface Specialties Austria Composições aquosas para revestimento
US7703456B2 (en) * 2003-12-18 2010-04-27 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Facemasks containing an anti-fog / anti-glare composition
US8758894B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2014-06-24 Nanofilm, Ltd. Fog and abrasion resistant hardcoat for plastics having hydrophilic surfactant rich surface portion with surfactant concentration gradient
JP5607571B2 (ja) * 2011-04-21 2014-10-15 パナソニック株式会社 親水性コーティング剤組成物及びこれを塗装した塗装品
DE102014220798A1 (de) 2014-10-14 2016-04-14 Scheuten S.À.R.L. Hydrophil beschichtetes Isolierglas für Gewächshäuser
CN115322605A (zh) * 2022-07-20 2022-11-11 吉林大学 一种主-客体自修复防雾涂层及其制备方法

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US3488215A (en) * 1968-06-21 1970-01-06 Nat Patent Dev Corp Nonfogging transparent material
US3635756A (en) * 1966-07-26 1972-01-18 Nat Patent Dev Corp Nonfogging transparent material
US3865619A (en) * 1971-12-11 1975-02-11 Roehm Gmbh Anti-fogging hydrophilic resin coatings

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JPS5549626B2 (de) * 1972-07-21 1980-12-12
US4062817A (en) * 1977-04-04 1977-12-13 The B.F. Goodrich Company Water absorbent polymers comprising unsaturated carboxylic acid, acrylic ester containing alkyl group 10-30 carbon atoms, and another acrylic ester containing alkyl group 2-8 carbon atoms
US4167464A (en) * 1978-10-16 1979-09-11 The B. F. Goodrich Company Photopolymerized hydrophilic interpolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acid and esters
JPS56501807A (de) * 1979-12-26 1981-12-10
US4486489A (en) * 1980-07-08 1984-12-04 The B. F. Goodrich Company Films of hydrophilic interpolymers of neutralized acrylic acid, hydroxyalkyl methacrylate or dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylate and optionally a cross-linking agent
EP0088050B1 (de) * 1982-02-26 1986-09-03 Ciba-Geigy Ag Photohärtbare gefärbte Massen
US4512340A (en) * 1983-02-22 1985-04-23 Johnson & Johnson Products, Inc. Visible light cured orthopedic polymer casts
FR2635319B1 (fr) * 1988-07-20 1992-07-24 Saint Gobain Vitrage Vitrage muni d'une couche antigivre

Patent Citations (3)

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US3635756A (en) * 1966-07-26 1972-01-18 Nat Patent Dev Corp Nonfogging transparent material
US3488215A (en) * 1968-06-21 1970-01-06 Nat Patent Dev Corp Nonfogging transparent material
US3865619A (en) * 1971-12-11 1975-02-11 Roehm Gmbh Anti-fogging hydrophilic resin coatings

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0399441A2 (de) * 1989-05-26 1990-11-28 Panelgraphic Corporation Beschichtung gegen Nebel
EP0399441A3 (de) * 1989-05-26 1991-11-06 Panelgraphic Corporation Beschichtung gegen Nebel
US5342683A (en) * 1992-05-26 1994-08-30 Elf Atochem Italia S.R.L. Water spreading films or plates consisting of acrylic polymers and process for their preparation
EP0652249A1 (de) * 1993-11-10 1995-05-10 Atohaas Holding C.V. Tropfenbildungshemmende Filme oder Platten aus Acryl-Polymeren und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
EP0678565A1 (de) * 1994-04-14 1995-10-25 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Polymerverdicktes Enteisungsmittel und Vereisungsschutzmittel für Flugzeuge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR890008234A (ko) 1989-07-10
US5578378A (en) 1996-11-26
CA1309796C (fr) 1992-11-03
DE3877711D1 (de) 1993-03-04
FR2623516B1 (fr) 1994-04-15
US5480917A (en) 1996-01-02
DE3877711T2 (de) 1993-06-17
JPH02670A (ja) 1990-01-05
KR0138661B1 (ko) 1998-04-28
FR2623516A1 (fr) 1989-05-26
ES2053788T3 (es) 1994-08-01
BR8806067A (pt) 1989-08-08
EP0317410B1 (de) 1993-01-20

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