EP0316897A1 - Apparatus for cutting asphalt pavings - Google Patents

Abstract

Apparatus for cutting asphalt pavings (39) by means of a cutting device which works a gap (47) into the asphalt paving (39) in a desired cutting direction (31) and which has a holding-down frame (3) having parallel, fixed cutter bars (24) and a cutting blade (4) arranged in between, this blade reaching under the asphalt paving (39) as far as the cutting location and in the region of the cutting location pressing against the asphalt paving (39) from below to break this upwards between the cutter bars (24), and the cutting blade (4) and the cutter bars (24), like shears, together cutting through the asphalt paving (39) in the forward direction and, during the forward working, the cutting blade (4), with the aid of a device (20, 51, 74) which produces the forward movement, carrying out forward and upward circular rocking movements, which are a combination of an advancing and a lifting movement, this leading to a strip of the asphalt paving (39) being levered upwards. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a device for cutting asphalt surfaces by means of a separating device, which incorporates a gap into the asphalt surface in a desired direction of separation and which has a hold-down frame with parallel, fixed cutter bars and an arched separating knife arranged in between, which extends under the asphalt surface to before Cutting point grips and presses against the asphalt surface from below in the area of the cutting point to break it up between the cutter bars.

From the British patent specification 2 100 664 a device for cutting asphalt surfaces by means of a separating device is known, which in a desired Separation direction worked a gap in an asphalt surface by lifting a wedge reaching under the asphalt surface in relation to parallel fixed cutter bars resting on the asphalt surface. The asphalt surface is broken up piece by piece from an inclined wedge surface. Very irregular breaklines are formed.

British patent 16 859 describes a simpler type of machine in which a cutting knife is pushed under the road. The front tip of this separating knife is pushed up for separation, the knife tip reaching under the not yet breaking ceiling.

German Offenlegungsschrift 20 59 449 describes a device in which a curved cutting knife is pushed in the separating direction under an asphalt surface, and this cutting knife then peels the asphalt surface from the bottom back. Only pressure wheels of the device serve as counterhold on the asphalt surface. Peeling takes a lot of strength and is slow. The breaklines on the side are very dirty.

It is an object of the invention to provide a device of the type mentioned at the outset which breaks up an asphalt surface more easily and can therefore work faster.

The object is achieved in that
- cut the cutting knife and the cutter bar together, shearing the asphalt surface in the forward direction,
- The cutting knife executes during the preparatory work with the aid of a device which causes the forward movement to make upward and upward circular and pushing weighing movements, which are a combination of feed, lifting, and tilting movements, the asphalt surface being levered up.

The weighing movement, which results from a combination or superimposition of the feed and lifting movements, facilitates breaking up and promotes the breaking and peeling of the broken asphalt surface. The separation process is extremely quick. The process is similar to a combination of a shear process and a crowbar movement.

At the same time, such a cutting device works in the manner of double sheet metal shears, in which a cutting knife can be moved between two stationary cutter bars. The cutting knife breaks up the asphalt, which is located between the cutter bars, from below at the back with a shearing process between cutter bar and cutter blades, the mutual spacing of the cutter bars determining the width of the broken track. This width can vary depending on the one you want Bottom lines to be introduced.

The cutting knife can be moved in different ways. Thus, according to one embodiment of the invention, the separating knife can carry out its weighing movements during the preliminary work along the asphalt surface by means of a hydraulic lever device. In another embodiment of the invention, the weighing movements are carried out by means of an eccentric device.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the respective distance between the separating knives and adjacent knife bars corresponds to approximately 0.1 to 0.3, preferably 0.2 times the asphalt surface thickness. Such a mutual distance between the fixed cutter bar and the movable cutting knife leads to the asphalt expanding conically somewhat upwards. The subsequent reinstallation of asphalt is made easier; in particular, the later conical installation leads to better contact between the original ceiling and the new ceiling parts.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the separating knife can be advanced with the hold-down frame by means of length-adjustable adjusting devices, which operate either hydraulically (hydraulic presses) or mechanically via an electric or oil motor. At Hydraulic pre-pressing, a hydraulic piston press is preferably used, while, for example, a threaded spindle can also be used for an oil motor feed.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the separating knife with the hold-down frame can be pulled forward in the forward direction by means of a leading towing device. Such a towing device has a firm support on the asphalt.

According to a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the towing device presses the weight of the machine units onto the asphalt. This increases the contact pressure of the device on the asphalt and prevents it from slipping away.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the towing device presses between the cutter bars against the asphalt strip to be broken up. Thus, the towing device only presses against the part of the asphalt to be removed, so that traces which it leaves on the asphalt are completely eliminated when the cut-out strip is picked up. This makes it possible for the towing device to be provided with protruding chisels or teeth directed towards the asphalt, which leave clear traces when clawing into the asphalt.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the towing device consists of at least one leading towing wheel. The towing wheel can be provided with chisels.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the knife edge has teeth that prevent the cutting knife from slipping off the asphalt.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that two identically shaped cutting knives are arranged at a distance parallel to one another next to the cutter bars. The working width of the device can be increased with two identically shaped cutting knives working parallel to one another at a distance.

According to a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the separating knife has an adjusting arm on its rear side and that the elongated unit consisting of separating knife and adjusting arm between the separating knife and adjusting arm is supported on the holding-down frame in a double-articulated manner by means of a rocker arm device. The cutting knife can thus perform oscillating and at the same time circular movements. According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the rocker arm device upwards and forwards the cutting knife from its rear side Rolls up tilted by the articulation bearing of the device on the unit in the feed direction before and above the point of attack on the hold-down frame.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the free end of the actuating arm is connected to the hold-down frame in a double-articulated manner by means of a lever device and can be raised and lowered in a rolling and subsequent manner hydraulically or by means of an eccentric. Prying up over the long lever arm of the control lever provides much higher positioning forces than prying up over the point of application just behind the cutting knife.

According to a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the lever device can be extended. The extension can be done hydraulically.

According to a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that an upward movement of the free end of the actuating arm can be limited by means of a stop. This favors the circular motion.

Another embodiment of the invention is characterized in that
- cut the cutting knife and the cutter bar together, shearing the asphalt surface in the forward direction,
- During the preparatory work, the cutting knife carries out vibratory movements with the aid of a device which causes the forward movement, under which the asphalt surface is broken up. In this case too, the towing device comes into consideration as a device for moving forward.

• Fig. 1 eine Trennvorrichtung zum Auftrennen von Asphaltdecken nach Art einer Trennschere mit einem Trennmesser, welches Wiegebewegungen zwischen zwei Messerbalken ausführt, wobei die hydraulisch aufgebrachte Wiegebewegung des Trennmessers über einen rückseitigen Stellarm auf das Trennmesser aufgebracht wird,
• Fig. 2 eine andere Ausführungsform der Trennvorrichtung, wobei die hydraulische Hebelvorrichtung die Wiegebewegung unmittelbar auf das Trennmesser ausübt.
• Fig. 3 die Trennvorrichtung nach Fig. 2 mit einem auf die Messerschneide auflaufenden, ausgetrennten Asphaltstreifen,
• Fig.4 eine weitere Ausführung der Trennvorrichtung mit einem auf das Trennmesser wirkenden Vibrationsantrieb,
• Fig.5 die Trennvorrichtung nach Fig. 2 mit einer abgewandelten Gegenlagerstütze in Form von Rädern mit schematisch angedeutetem Antriebsaggregat,
• Fig. 6 eine Draufsicht auf die Trennvorrichtung nach Fig. 1 im vorderen Teil mit zwei parallel zueinander angeordneten Messerschneiden,
• Fig. 7 ein Schnittbild durch eine Asphaltdecke nach dem Austrennen eines Ausphaltstreifens mit einer der Trennvorrichtungen nach den Fig. 1 bis 6,
• Fig. 8 eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2 mit einem Exzenterantrieb,
• Fig. 9 eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform nach den Fig.2 und 8 mit einer Schleppvorrichtung.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. Show it:

• 1 shows a separating device for separating asphalt pavement in the manner of a pair of cutting scissors with a separating knife, which carries out weighing movements between two knife bars, the hydraulically applied weighing movement of the separating knife being applied to the separating knife via a rear adjusting arm,
• Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of the separating device, wherein the hydraulic lever device exerts the weighing movement directly on the separating knife.
• 3 shows the separating device according to FIG. 2 with a separated asphalt strip running onto the knife edge,
• 4 shows a further embodiment of the separating device with a vibration drive acting on the separating knife,
• 5 the separating device according to FIG. 2 with a modified counter bearing support in the form of wheels with a schematically indicated drive unit,
• 6 shows a top view of the separating device according to FIG. 1 in the front part with two knife edges arranged parallel to one another,
• 7 is a sectional view through an asphalt surface after the separation of an asphalt strip with one of the separating devices according to FIGS. 1 to 6,
• 8 shows a modified embodiment according to FIG. 2 with an eccentric drive,
• Fig. 9 shows a modified embodiment according to Figures 2 and 8 with a towing device.

Fig. 1 shows a side view of a device 1 for severing asphalt surfaces, in which a part of the hold-down frame 3 is removed to expose the separating knife 4. The separating knife 4 is connected to a connecting block 8 of the hold-down frame 3 via a linkage bearing 5 of a rocker arm device designed as a push rod 6 and an engagement point 7 designed as a joint. The cutting knife 4 has a knife edge 9 which is curved inwards. At the rear 10 of the separating knife 4 there is an actuating arm 11, at the free end 12 of which a hydraulic lever device 14 engages via a joint 13, which is above the actuating arm 11 on a frame 15 which belongs to the hold-down frame 3 via a bearing 16 supports. Cutting knife 4 and adjusting arm 11 form an elongated unit with which a good leverage can be achieved. A stiffening 17 ensures the stability of the scaffold 15. A counter bearing support 19 engages the connecting block 8 via a further joint 18. This counter bearing support has a variable-length adjusting device 20, which can either be a hydraulic press or a mechanically extendable member, such as a screw drive, which can be extended or shortened by means of an electric or oil motor. The counter bearing support 19 can consist of an earth anchor (spike) 21, as shown in FIG. 1. This ground anchor 21 can be driven into the ground and thereby support the hold-down frame 3 to the rear. Another training of the counter support 19 can consist of support jaws 22 indicated in FIG. 7, which are supported on the mutually facing, broken-up edges 23 of the asphalt surface. Another support option is the use of one or more wheels 51 which lie on the asphalt surface or a towing device as described in more detail in FIG. 9.

Fig. 6 shows the hold-down frame 3 from its top, whereby it can be seen that the hold-down frame consists of two parallel cutter bars 24, which are connected at the illustrated and not shown ends by bridges 25. 6 also shows the knife edges 9 of the separating knives 4, which are provided with teeth 26 on their upper side. Each separating knife has a distance d from its neighboring knife bar 24 (FIG. 6), which corresponds to a multiplication factor of 0.2 of the thickness of the asphalt surface 39a.

The separating device shown in FIG. 1 works as follows:
The hold-down frame 1 is placed on a track 27 to be separated (FIG. 6). The adjusting device 20 is supported with the counter bearing support, for example the spit pressed into the earth, against slipping backwards. The lever device 14 is extended by extending its actuating rod 28. As a result, the actuating arm 11 is depressed and the knife edge 9 presses from behind and below against the asphalt surface 39a between the cutter bars 24 (illustrative representation in FIG. 3). The asphalt surface is cut along the cutter bar 24 and levered up between the cutter bar. After this first lifting operation, which breaks the asphalt up to a length of about 20 cm, for example, the adjusting rod 28 is retracted, which raises the adjusting arm 11. The knife edge 9 thus pivots downward, and the push rod 6 shifts its front bearing 5 a little downward, so that the center line 6a of the push rod 6 assumes the position 6b with a corresponding change in the position of the separating knife 4 in the dot-dash position according to 4b and the actuating arm 11 in the dash-dotted position 11 b. The cutting knife has withdrawn a little from the asphalt in the direction of an arrow 29. If the actuating device 20 is now extended by extending its actuating rod 30, then the hold-down frame 3, together with the separating knife 4, moves forward in the direction of an arrow 31 in the cutting direction, the tip 4d of the separating knife being able to advance further under the asphalt. The adjusting device 20 now remains in this length and supports the hold-down frame 3 against moving back. Now the lever device 14 is extended again, the actuating arm 11 is depressed, the separating knife 4 moving up from the position 4b into the dashed position 4c, in which a piece of asphalt has been broken up again, as is shown in FIG. 3 this new uprighting process, for example 20 cm in length, is completed, then the spit 21 of the abutment support 19 is pulled out of the ground and the adjusting device 20 is shortened. After shortening, the ground anchor 21 is pressed back into the ground. The ground anchor can advantageously be replaced by the towing device according to FIG. 9. The processes already described and necessary for the advance movement are now repeated. The lever device 14 is shortened, the actuating arm 11 rises, the separating knife 4 swivels into the position according to FIG. 4b, the actuating device 20 is extended, and the breaking open continues by renewing the actuating device 14.

2 shows a variant of the separating device, wherein a lever device 6c acts directly on the separating knife 4 with the articulation bearing 5, while the frame-side joint 7 is articulated on the connecting block 8. The adjusting device 20 again has a counterbearing support and an earth anchor 21 which can be pressed into the ground. A push rod 32 engages on the adjusting arm 11 via a joint 33. It is connected to the hold-down frame 3 by means of a joint 34. In addition, a stop 35 is provided which limits the upward movement of the actuating arm 11.

The separating device according to FIG. 2 works in principle in the same way as that according to FIG. 1. If the lever device 6c is extended, then the adjusting rod 28 presses the cutting knife 4 against the asphalt from below and breaks it up between the cutter bars 24. During this time, the actuating device 20 secures the hold-down frame 3 against backward movements via the ground anchor 21, and the separating knife 4 has reached the upper position 4c shown in dashed lines, in which the actuating arm 11 also has its free end 12 against the stop 35. If the adjusting rod 28 of the lever device 6c is now retracted and thus shortened, the separating knife 4 tilts into the dot-dash position 4b; the actuating arm 11 remains in contact with the stop 35. In this position, the knife edge 9 has been pushed back again from the asphalt which has just broken up, and the abutment support is placed in the manner already described. If the lever device 6c is now extended, the actuating arm 11 initially tilts with its free end as soon as the cutting knife 4b rests on the asphalt in the solid position. When breaking open now, the separating knife 4 moves into the position according to FIG. 4c, and the free end 12 of the actuating arm 11 tilts up again as far as the stop 35.

FIG. 3 shows the device according to FIG. 2, the up and down movement of the free end 12 of the actuating arm 11 being indicated by a double arrow 36. The lengthening and shortening of the adjusting device 14 is represented by a double arrow 37. The lengthening and shortening of the Actuating device 20 is demonstrated by a double arrow 38. It can be seen how the broken-up strip 39 of the asphalt surface 39a runs up on the inwardly curved knife edge 9.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which the counter bearing support 19 works, for example, with a spike 21 in connection with the adjusting device 20, which, as in FIGS. 1 to 3, engages on the hold-down frame 3 via a joint 18. The device according to FIG. 4 is simpler insofar as the separating knife 44 does not carry out weighing movements, but can be advanced in a straight line by means of an actuator 45 with an adjusting rod 46. A vibrator device 47a is arranged on the hold-down frame 3.

If the hold-down frame 3 according to FIG. 4 is supported in the floor by the counter support 19 in the manner already described, then the vibrator 47a is put into operation and the adjusting device 45 pushes the separating knife 44 out of the one shown in FIG. 4 by means of its adjusting rod 46 Position 44b in a position 44c shown in dashed lines. In order to be able to advance further, the adjusting rod 46 is first retracted, the separating knife 44 also retracting counter to the direction of advance indicated by an arrow 31. Now the adjusting device 20 is extended, and the extending adjusting device 20 pushes the Hold-down frame 3 in the direction of arrow 31 forward until the knife edge 9 lies against the asphalt that has just been broken up. Now the counter bearing support is raised in the manner already described, the adjusting device 20 is shortened and the spike 21 is set again. The tunneling processes already described are then repeated. This vibration device can also advantageously be combined with the towing device according to FIG. 9.

FIG. 5 shows a variant of the embodiment according to FIG. 2, one or more of the wheels 51 serving as a counter bearing support. The wheels 51 roll on the asphalt 39a remaining on both sides of the broken strip 47 and have enough friction due to the load from the machine assemblies 48, 49 in order not to slip. An additional hydraulic actuating device 50 can influence the raising and lowering of the free end 12 of the actuating arm 11. The machine units 48 and 49 can consist, for example, of an internal combustion engine, a hydraulic tank, a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic control device.

It can be seen from the illustration in FIG. 7 that the asphalt edges 23 run in a wedge shape between a lower, smaller distance and an upper, larger distance. This wedge-shaped course facilitates the reinstallation of backfill asphalt and its better fit in the gap 47.

8 shows an embodiment with an eccentric drive. An eccentric drive 61 acts on the bearing 34 of the device according to FIG. 2. An oil motor 62 is used for this purpose, which rotates an eccentric disk 64 via its shaft 62a and a belt or chain drive 63. The eccentric disk 64 is provided with an eccentric crank pin 65, which acts on the bearing 34. If the crank pin 65 rotates with the eccentric disk 64, the separating knife 4 executes rocking movements which pry up the asphalt strip 39.

Another eccentric design is indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 5. An oil motor 62 drives an eccentric disk 64 via a belt or chain drive 63, which acts on the bearing 5 via a crank pin 65 and a push rod 66. Here, too, the cutting knife performs 4 short rocking movements that pry up the asphalt strip. The hydraulic adjusting device 6c and the eccentric disc can advantageously work together in combination.

FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment of the invention with a hold-down frame 3 and the unit 71 consisting of separating knife 4 and adjusting arm 11. As in FIGS. 1 and 8, a push rod 6 is arranged in a double-articulated manner between the articulation bearing 5 and the joint 7. A As in FIG. 5, hydraulic lever device 14 is provided between the free end 12 of the actuating arm 11 and a bearing point 72 on the hold-down frame 3. This hydraulic lever device 14 can be extended by extending an adjusting rod 73.

A towing device 74 with a towing wheel 75 is provided in front of the cutting knife 4. This drag wheel 75 preferably runs between the cutter bars 24 and the cutting blades 4 (FIG. 6) on the asphalt strip 39 to be lifted up. In order for the trailing wheel 75 to grip better on the asphalt, protruding chisels or teeth 75c are provided on its tread 75a. It is of course also possible to have two individual trailing wheels 75 roll outside and parallel to the cutter bar and thus dragging on the asphalt.

Above the towing device 74 is a floor 76 carried by it, which is supported in a manner not shown on the axis 77 of the towing wheel 75. On the floor 76 loading machine units 48 and 49 are arranged, which are necessary for operating the separating device. The units 48, 49 press the towing device 74 against the asphalt with sufficient pressure. The function of the separating knife 4 corresponds to that according to the other figures except FIG. 4. The asphalt is broken up conveniently by circular or rolling weighing or tilting movements. The feed can take place continuously.

Claims (18)

1. Device for severing asphalt surfaces (39a) by means of a separating device, which works a gap (47) into the asphalt surface (39a) in a desired separation direction (31) and which has a hold-down frame (3) with parallel, fixed cutter bars (24) and has a separating knife (4) arranged in between, which reaches under the asphalt surface (39a) to the point of separation and presses in the region of the separation point from below against the asphalt surface (39a) in order to break it up between the cutter bars (24),
characterized in that
- Cutting the cutting knife (4) and the cutter bars (24) together in the forward direction, shearing together, the asphalt surface (39a),
- The separating knife (4) during the preparatory work with the aid of a device which causes the forward movement (20, 51, 74) to make upward and downward rocking and pushing rocking movements, which are a combination of feed, lift and tilt movements, a strip (39) the asphalt surface (39a) is levered up. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the weighing movements are carried out by means of a hydraulic lever device (6c, 14). 3. Device according to claim 1, that the weighing movements are carried out by means of an eccentric device (61, 64, 65). 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the respective distance (d) between the separating knives (4) and adjacent cutter bars (24) corresponds to approximately 0.1 to 0.3, preferably 0.2 times the asphalt surface thickness. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the separating knife (4) with the hold-down frame (3) can be pulled forward by means of a towing device (74). 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the towing device (74) with the weight of machine units (48,49) presses on the asphalt. 7. Device according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the towing device (74) presses between the cutter bars (24) against the asphalt strip (39) to be broken up. 8. Device according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the towing device (74) consists of at least one leading towing wheel (75). 9. Device according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the towing wheel (75) is equipped with outwardly and against the asphalt projecting chisels (75c). 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the knife edge (9) has a toothing (26). 11. Device according to one of claims 2 to 5 and 10, characterized in that two identically shaped cutting blades (4) are arranged at a distance parallel to each other next to the cutter bars (24). 12. The device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cutting knife (4) on its rear side has an adjusting arm (11) and in that the elongated unit of cutting knife (4) and adjusting arm (11) in the transition region from the cutting knife (4th ) and the actuating arm (11) and in the area of the free actuating arm end (12) on the holding-down frame (3) is pivotally supported by means of a lever device (6, 6, 14). 13. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the lever device (6,6c) the separating knife (4) rolls up from its rear by the articulation bearing (6) of the device (6,6c) on the unit in the feed direction before and attacks the hold-down frame (3) above their point of attack (7). 14. Device according to one of claims 1-11, characterized in that the free end (12) of the actuating arm (11) via a lever device (14) is double-jointed to the hold-down frame (3) and by means of this hydraulically or by means of an eccentric ( 34.65) can be raised and lowered by rolling and pushing. 15. Device according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized in that the lever device (6c, 14) is extendable. 16. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the lever device (6c, 14) is hydraulically extendable. 17. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that an upward movement of the free end (12) of the actuating arm (11) by means of a stop (35) on the hold-down frame (3) is limited. 18. The device according to the preamble of claim 1 and one or more of claims 4 to 11, characterized in that
- Cutting the cutting knife (4) and the cutter bars (24) together in the forward direction, shearing together, the asphalt surface (39a),
- The separating knife (4) executes vibratory movements during the preparatory work with the aid of a device (20, 51, 74) causing the forward movement, the asphalt surface (39a) being pressed up vibratingly.

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