EP0316331B1 - Injection device for introducing fuels in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Injection device for introducing fuels in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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EP0316331B1
EP0316331B1 EP87904836A EP87904836A EP0316331B1 EP 0316331 B1 EP0316331 B1 EP 0316331B1 EP 87904836 A EP87904836 A EP 87904836A EP 87904836 A EP87904836 A EP 87904836A EP 0316331 B1 EP0316331 B1 EP 0316331B1
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Prior art keywords
pressure
fuel
nozzle
chamber
injection device
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0316331A1 (en
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Ludwig Elsbett
Guenter Elsbett
Klaus Elsbett
Konrad Weigel
Lutz Guenther
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Elsbett Guenter
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M43/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operating simultaneously on two or more fuels, or on a liquid fuel and another liquid, e.g. the other liquid being an anti-knock additive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an injection device for introducing fuels into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, which pump element, pressure relief valve, injection nozzle, pressure line and on the back of the nozzle needle accommodates a spring chamber for receiving a spring for resetting the nozzle needle, the pressure line in one of the spring chamber separate nozzle chamber opens, in which the fuel pressure acts via a needle surface against the spring and wherein at least one additional fuel is optionally introduced into the pressure line via at least one additional connection which is attached to the nozzle holder during the pressure-relieved phase of the injection into the pressure line the first fuel delivered by the pump element is different.
  • Existing devices of common injection technology which can be regarded as state of the art, such as pump element, pressure relief valve, injection nozzle, pressure line, etc., which have previously served to introduce only one fuel, are to be used.
  • the introduction of several fuels can be solved via a nozzle so that additional holes for additional fuels are provided in the injection nozzle up to the nozzle tip.
  • the introduction of fuels through an additional hole in the nozzle needle, cf. DE-A 30 12 418, requires high manufacturing efforts and is only conceivable with appropriately large nozzle needles.
  • EP-A 0 104 368 apparently deals with a system without a relief valve; however, it proposes to use two collecting tanks for the leakage fuel, one of which should hold only one fuel, the second of which should hold the mixed fuel.
  • DE-OS 31 17 796 an injection valve is known, in which only a check valve is provided, which is installed in the line leading from the spring chamber to the nozzle chamber.
  • DE-OS 29 22 682 shows an injection valve in which water is supplied via the spring chamber. However, the water outlet channel ends in the valve seat or in a bore open to the combustion chamber.
  • the object of the invention is to develop an injection device for the use of secondary fuels which on the one hand solves the leakage problem and on the other hand uses an injection nozzle that is easy to manufacture.
  • the object is achieved by introducing the second fuel via a pressure-relieved space which can be separated from the pressure line by means of a non-return valve and which also includes the spring space, this space attached to the rear end of the nozzle needle through the first non-return valve leading to the pressure line and through an oppositely acting one.
  • the second check valve leading to the at least one additional connection is limited, the first check valve being arranged in the nozzle holder near the pressure line and releasing the connection between the pressure-relieved space and the pressure line during the pressure-relieved phase of the pressure line and second fuel and / or leakage fuel flowing into the pressure line lets and during the pressure phase of the pressure line closes this connection, the second check valve is also arranged in the nozzle holder and the connection between the pressure-relieved space and the releases at least one additional connection during the pressure-relieved phase of the pressure line and thus access for the secondary fuel into the pressure-relieved space and closes this connection with the at least one additional connection during the pressure phase of the pressure line.
  • a separate delivery system for secondary fuels can be dispensed with by adding the additional fuels to the existing system, and additional discharge systems can be dispensed with by the leakage fuel not leaving the existing system. This means a substantial saving in devices; the system can also be easily retrofitted to internal combustion engines that are already in operation.
  • the introduction of the secondary fuels works via a separate pump that builds up the necessary pressure to deliver secondary fuels into the pressure-relieved space, which also includes the spring chamber, during the relaxation phase of the injection pump of the injection system and from there into the high-pressure line between the pressure relief valve space of the injection pump and to promote the nozzle needle valve space of the nozzle.
  • the desired amount of the additional fuel to be added depends on the size of the relief valve, the fuel elasticity and the pressure of the pump and can be designed according to these parameters so that e.g. a fuel mixture of main and secondary fuels is created or only secondary fuels or only one secondary fuel are introduced.
  • the secondary fuel (s) are required to ignite the internal combustion engine, it is advisable to regulate the amount of fuel to be introduced into the injection system so that it corresponds exactly to the amount injected at this speed.
  • the main fuel coming from the injection pump has an oscillating effect, the fuel only pushing itself forward, which in the injection phase is caused by the pressure of the injection pump in one direction and the pressure relief phase of the injection pump is pushed back by the feed pump of the secondary fuel (s). In this case, only secondary fuel is injected and no mixing takes place.
  • the first fuel then only serves as a means for hydraulically transferring the power of the feed pump to the second fuel.
  • a device can be attached which connects the switching off of the internal combustion engine with a brief delivery of the secondary fuel, so that there is secondary fuel at the nozzle needle tip for the starting process of the internal combustion engine .
  • the figure shows an injection device consisting of injection pump, injection line and injection nozzle in a manner known per se.
  • a pump plunger 11 oscillates in the pump element 1.
  • the fuel flows through the fuel connection 10 through a bore 16 into the pump element 1 until the lifting pump plunger 11 covers this bore with its upper edge, so that the connection between the connection 10 and the space 19 is interrupted via the pump ram 11.
  • This device which is known per se, is now supplemented by at least one further fuel connection 7.
  • secondary fuel can be introduced into the pressure-relieved space, which also includes the spring chamber 5, and from there into the high-pressure part 4 between the space 17 and are introduced into the spring chamber 18, to the extent that the fuel already in it yields.
  • the pressure of the secondary fuel introduced via port 7 must not be so high that the injection needle 12 opens. Only when the pump plunger 11 conveys will the pressure become so high that the nozzle opens.
  • a check valve 13 now prevents the fuel from flowing into the pressure-relieved space, while a further check valve 14 prevents leakage fuel from the pressure-relieved space from entering the line 7 for the second fuel.
  • the adjusting disc 9 for adjusting the nozzle opening pressure is drilled towards the pressure line 4, and there is a space between the rear nozzle needle end and the two oppositely acting valves 13 and 14, which also includes the spring chamber 5.

Abstract

The high-pressure end of fuel injection pumps and injection nozzles of diesel engines stands only cyclically under high pressure. During most of the time, the high-pressure line (4) is relieved from pressure. During this time, a second fuel can be introduced in the high-pressure end via an additional fitting (7), inasmuch as the fuel already contained therein yields without opening the nozzle (6, 3, 12). The following high-pressure cycles gradually convey the second fuel to the nozzle opening.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Einspritzvorrichtung zum Einbringen von Kraftstoffen in den Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine, welche Pumpenelement, Druckentlastungsventil, Einspritzdüse, Druckleitung und auf der Rückseite der Düsennadel einen Federraum zur Aufnahme einer Feder zum Rückstellen der Düsennadel aufnimmt, wobei die Druckleitung in einen vom Federraum getrennten Düsenraum einmündet, in dem der Kraftstoffdruck über eine Nadelfläche gegen die Feder wirkt und wobei in die Druckleitung über mindestens einen zusätzlichen Anschluß, der am Düsenhalter angebracht ist, wahlweise mindestens ein Zweitkraftstoff während der druckentlasteten Phase der Einspritzung in die Druckleitung eingebracht wird, der von dem durch das Pumpenelement geförderten Erstkraftstoff unterschiedlich ist. Dabei sollen bestehende Vorrichtungen gängiger Einspritztechnik zur Verwendung kommen, die als Stand der Technik gelten können, wie Pumpenelement, Druckentlastungsventil, Einspritzdüse, Druckleitung etc., die zur Einbringung nur eines Kraftstoffes schon bisher gedient haben.The invention relates to an injection device for introducing fuels into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, which pump element, pressure relief valve, injection nozzle, pressure line and on the back of the nozzle needle accommodates a spring chamber for receiving a spring for resetting the nozzle needle, the pressure line in one of the spring chamber separate nozzle chamber opens, in which the fuel pressure acts via a needle surface against the spring and wherein at least one additional fuel is optionally introduced into the pressure line via at least one additional connection which is attached to the nozzle holder during the pressure-relieved phase of the injection into the pressure line the first fuel delivered by the pump element is different. Existing devices of common injection technology, which can be regarded as state of the art, such as pump element, pressure relief valve, injection nozzle, pressure line, etc., which have previously served to introduce only one fuel, are to be used.

Das Einbringen mehrerer Kraftstoffe gewinnt unter dem Aspekt des Aufkommens alternativer Kraftstoffe, der Mischung von Kraftstoffen, der Einbringung von Zündkraftstoffen, dem Betreiben von Brennkraftmaschinen alternativ mit mehreren Kraftstoffen und dem Betreiben von Brennkraftmaschinen während einer Warmlaufphase mit einem Kraftstoff, welcher die thermische Aufbereitung oder Zündoraussetzung eines anderen Kraftstoffes höherer Viskosität oder Zündunwilligkeit betreibt, zunehmend an Bedeutung.The introduction of multiple fuels wins from the point of view of the emergence of alternative fuels, the mixing of fuels, the introduction of ignition fuels, the operation of internal combustion engines alternatively with multiple fuels and the operation of internal combustion engines during a warm-up phase with a fuel which the thermal treatment or ignition engine exposure of one other fuels of higher viscosity or unwilling to ignite are becoming increasingly important.

Bei Systemen, die einen Zweitkraftstoff dem Hauptkraftstoff vorlagern oder mit diesem mischen und mittels nur einer hochdruckpumpe in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine einbringen, wurden verschiedene Vorschläge gemacht.Various proposals have been made for systems which store a second fuel in front of the main fuel or mix it with the main fuel and introduce it into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine using only a high-pressure pump.

So kann das Einbringen mehrerer Kraftstoffe über eine Düse so gelöst werden, daß in der Einspritzdüse zusätzliche Bohrungen für weitere Kraftstoffe bis zur Düsenspitze vorgesehen sind. Dies bedeutet parallele Systeme in einer Düse und ist entsprechend aufwendig. Besonders das Einleiten von Kraftstoffen über eine Zusatzbohrung in der Düsennadel, vgl. DE-A 30 12 418, setzt hohe fertigungstechnische Anstrengungen voraus und ist nur bei entsprechend großen Düsennadeln denkbar.Thus, the introduction of several fuels can be solved via a nozzle so that additional holes for additional fuels are provided in the injection nozzle up to the nozzle tip. This means parallel systems in one nozzle and is correspondingly complex. In particular, the introduction of fuels through an additional hole in the nozzle needle, cf. DE-A 30 12 418, requires high manufacturing efforts and is only conceivable with appropriately large nozzle needles.

Zum Mischen von Kraftstoffen existiert der Vorschlag, einen Zweitkraftstoff in den Hochdruckleitungsteil einer Einspritzanordnung einzubringen, vgl. Automotive Engineering, Band 89, Nr. 9, September 1981 (Dallas, Texas, U.S.A.), T. Fujisawa et al.: "Diesel injection system mixes fuels", Seiten 39 bis 42, Figuren 1, 5. Dieser Vorschlag erspart eine weitere Bohrung in der Düse. Er behält jedoch, wie auch der vorgenannte Vorschlag, die gemeinsame Leckageleitung bei, in der Mischkraftstoff abgleitet wird.For the mixing of fuels, there is a proposal to introduce a second fuel into the high-pressure line part of an injection arrangement, cf. Automotive Engineering, Volume 89, No. 9, September 1981 (Dallas, Texas, USA), T. Fujisawa et al .: "Diesel injection system mixes fuels", pages 39 to 42, Figures 1, 5. This proposal saves one more Hole in the nozzle. However, like the aforementioned proposal, it retains the common leakage line in which mixed fuel is slipped.

Die EP-A 0 104 368 befaßt sich offenbar mit einem System ohne Entlastungsventil; sie schlägt jedoch vor, für den Leckagekraftstoff zwei Auffangbehälter zu benutzen, wobei der eine nur einen Kraftstoff, der zweite den Mischkraftstoff aufnehmen soll.EP-A 0 104 368 apparently deals with a system without a relief valve; however, it proposes to use two collecting tanks for the leakage fuel, one of which should hold only one fuel, the second of which should hold the mixed fuel.

Aus der DE-OS 31 17 796 ist ein Einspritzventil bekannt, bei dem lediglich ein Rückschlagventil vorgesehen ist, das in die vom Federraum zum Düsenraum führende Leitung eingebaut ist. Die DE-OS 29 22 682 zeigt ein Einspritzventil, bei dem über den Federraum Wasser zugeführt wird. Der Wasserauslaßkanal endet jedoch im Ventilsitz oder in einer zum Brennraum hin offenen Bohrung.From DE-OS 31 17 796 an injection valve is known, in which only a check valve is provided, which is installed in the line leading from the spring chamber to the nozzle chamber. DE-OS 29 22 682 shows an injection valve in which water is supplied via the spring chamber. However, the water outlet channel ends in the valve seat or in a bore open to the combustion chamber.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Einspritzvorrichtung für die Verwendung von Zweitkraftstoffen zu entwickeln, die zum einen das Leckageproblem löst und zum anderen eine fertigungstechnisch einfach herstellbare Einspritzdüse verwendet. Gelöst wird die Aufgabe durch die Einbringung des Zweitkraftstoffes über einen von der Druckleitung mittels eines Rückschlagventils trennbaren druckentlasteten Raum, der auch den Federraum miteinschließt, wobei dieser am rückwärtigen Ende der Düsennadel angebrachte Raum durch das zur Druckleitung führende erste Rückschlagventil und durch ein hierzu gegensätzlich wirkendes, zu dem mindestens einen zusätzlichen Anschluß führendes zweites Rückschlagventil begrenzt ist, wobei das erste Rückschlagventil im Düsenhalter nahe der Druckleitung angeordnet ist und die Verbindung zwischen dem druckentlasteten Raum und der Druckleitung während der druckentlasteten Phase der Druckleitung freigibt und Zweitkraftstoff und/oder Leckagekraftstoff in die Druckleitung zuströmen läßt und während der Druckphase der Druckleitung diese Verbindung abschließt, das zweite Rückschlagventil ebenfalls im Düsenhalter angeordnet ist und die Verbindung zwischen dem druckentlasteten Raum und dem mindestens einem zusätzlichen Anschluß während der druckentlasteten Phase der Druckleitung und damit den Zutritt für den Zweitkraftstoff in den druckentlasteten Raum freigibt und während der Druckphase der Druckleitung diese Verbindung mit dem mindestens einen zusätzlichen Anschluß abschließt.The object of the invention is to develop an injection device for the use of secondary fuels which on the one hand solves the leakage problem and on the other hand uses an injection nozzle that is easy to manufacture. The object is achieved by introducing the second fuel via a pressure-relieved space which can be separated from the pressure line by means of a non-return valve and which also includes the spring space, this space attached to the rear end of the nozzle needle through the first non-return valve leading to the pressure line and through an oppositely acting one. second check valve leading to the at least one additional connection is limited, the first check valve being arranged in the nozzle holder near the pressure line and releasing the connection between the pressure-relieved space and the pressure line during the pressure-relieved phase of the pressure line and second fuel and / or leakage fuel flowing into the pressure line lets and during the pressure phase of the pressure line closes this connection, the second check valve is also arranged in the nozzle holder and the connection between the pressure-relieved space and the releases at least one additional connection during the pressure-relieved phase of the pressure line and thus access for the secondary fuel into the pressure-relieved space and closes this connection with the at least one additional connection during the pressure phase of the pressure line.

Die vorteile einer solchen Anordnung besteben darin, einerseits nicht zu weit von dem Düsennadelventilraum und Brennraum entfernt andere Kraftstoffe einleiten zu können, andererseits aber auf zusätzliche Leitungs- und Bobrungssysteme für Zweitkraftstoffe verzichten zu können. Es kann auf ein eigenes Zuführungssystem für Zweitkraftstoffe verzichtet werden, indem die zusätzlichen Kraftstoffe in das bestehende System eingegeben werden, und es kann auf zusätzliche Abführungssysteme verzichtet werden, indem der Leckagekraftstoff das bestehende System nicht verläßt. Dies bedeutet eine wesentliche Einsparung von Vorrichtungen; auch kann das System an bereits in Betrieb befindliche Brennkraftmaschinen nachträglich leicht angebracht werden.The advantages of such an arrangement are, on the one hand, that other fuels cannot be introduced too far from the nozzle needle valve chamber and the combustion chamber, but, on the other hand, to additional line and valve systems to be able to do without secondary fuels. A separate delivery system for secondary fuels can be dispensed with by adding the additional fuels to the existing system, and additional discharge systems can be dispensed with by the leakage fuel not leaving the existing system. This means a substantial saving in devices; the system can also be easily retrofitted to internal combustion engines that are already in operation.

Dabei funktioniert das Herbeiführen der Zweitkraftstoffe über eine eigene Pumpe, die den nötigen Druck aufbaut, um während der Entspannungsphase der Einspritzpumpe des Einspritzsystems Zweitkraftstoffe in den druckentlasteten Raum, der auch den Federraum miteinschließt, zu befördern und von dort in die Hochdruckleitung zwischen Druckentlastungsventilraum der Einspritzpumpe und dem Düsennadelventilraum der Düse zu fördern. Die gewünschte Menge des zusätzlich einzubringenden Zweitkraftstoffes ist dabei abhängig von der Größe des Entlastungsventils, von der Kraftstoffelastizität und dem Druck der einbringenden Pumpe und kann je nach Wunsch entsprechend dieser Parameter so ausgelegt werden, daß z.B. ein Kraftstoffgemisch aus Haupt- und Zweitkraftstoffen entsteht oder nur Zweitkraftstoffe oder nur ein Zweitkraftstoff eingebracht werden.The introduction of the secondary fuels works via a separate pump that builds up the necessary pressure to deliver secondary fuels into the pressure-relieved space, which also includes the spring chamber, during the relaxation phase of the injection pump of the injection system and from there into the high-pressure line between the pressure relief valve space of the injection pump and to promote the nozzle needle valve space of the nozzle. The desired amount of the additional fuel to be added depends on the size of the relief valve, the fuel elasticity and the pressure of the pump and can be designed according to these parameters so that e.g. a fuel mixture of main and secondary fuels is created or only secondary fuels or only one secondary fuel are introduced.

Werden der/die Zweitkraftstoffe zum Zünden der Brennkraftmaschine benötigt, empfiehlt es sich, die Menge des in das Einspritzsystem einzubringenden Kraftstoffes so zu regulieren, daß sie der eingespritzten Menge bei dieser Drehzahl exakt entspricht. Dabei nimmt der Hauptkraftstoff von der Einspritzpumpe kommend eine oszillierende, den Kraftstoff nur vor sich herschiebende Wirkung ein, der in der Einspritzphase durch den Druck der Einspritzpumpe in die eine Richtung und der Druckentlastungsphase der Einspritzpumpe durch die Förderpumpe des/der Zweitkraftstoffe wieder zurückgedrängt wird. In diesem Fall kommt ausschließlich Zweitkraftstoff zur Einspritzung, und es findet keine Mischung statt. Der Erstkraftstoff dient dann nur als Mittel, um die Kraft der Förderpumpe hydraulisch auf den Zweitkraftstoff zu übertragen. Geschieht das Einleiten des/der Zweitkraftstoffe zum Zwecke der Zündung der Brennkraftmaschine in Entfernung vom Düsennadelventil, kann eine Vorrichtung angebracht sein, die das Abstellen der Brennkraftmaschine mit einer kurzzeitigen Förderung des Zweitkraftstoffes verbindet, so daß für den Anlaßvorgang der Brennkraftmaschine sich Zweitkraftstoff an der Düsennadelspitze befindet.If the secondary fuel (s) are required to ignite the internal combustion engine, it is advisable to regulate the amount of fuel to be introduced into the injection system so that it corresponds exactly to the amount injected at this speed. The main fuel coming from the injection pump has an oscillating effect, the fuel only pushing itself forward, which in the injection phase is caused by the pressure of the injection pump in one direction and the pressure relief phase of the injection pump is pushed back by the feed pump of the secondary fuel (s). In this case, only secondary fuel is injected and no mixing takes place. The first fuel then only serves as a means for hydraulically transferring the power of the feed pump to the second fuel. If the introduction of the secondary fuel (s) for the purpose of igniting the internal combustion engine is at a distance from the nozzle needle valve, a device can be attached which connects the switching off of the internal combustion engine with a brief delivery of the secondary fuel, so that there is secondary fuel at the nozzle needle tip for the starting process of the internal combustion engine .

Die Erfindung im einzelnen ist den beigegebenen Ansprüchen zu entnehmen. Ausführungen der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung näher beschrieben. Es handelt sich dabei lediglich um ein Beispiel.The invention in detail can be found in the appended claims. Embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the drawing. It is just an example.

Die Figur zeigt eine Einspritzorrichtung bestehend in an sich bekannter Weise aus Einspritzpumpe, Einspritzleitung und Einspritzdüse. Im Pumpenelement 1 bewegt sich oszillierend ein Pumpenstempel 11. Über den Kraftstoffanschluß 10 fließt der Kraftstoff solange über eine Bohrung 16 in das Pumpenelement 1, bis der sich hebende Pumpenstempel 11 diese Bohrung mit seiner Oberkante überdeckt, so daß die Verbindung zwischen Anschluß 10 und dem Raum 19 über dem Pumpenstempel 11 unterbrochen wird. Bei weiterem Hub des Stempels wird nun der darüber befindliche Kraftstoff im Raum 19 komprimiert und dadurch ein Entlastengsventil 15 im Ventilgehäuse 2 soweit angehoben, daß der Kraftstoff in an sich bekannter Weise nach Verdrängung des Entlastungsvolumens durch den Federraum 18 und die Einspritzleitung 4 in den Düsenhalter 6 und Düsenkörper 3 strömen kann, bis zum Raum 17 unmittelbar vor dem Sitz der Düsennadel 12, wodurch diese angehoben wird und die Einspritzung erfolgt. Gefördert wird bei fortgesetztem Hub solange, bis eine Steuerkante am Pumpenelement 1 die Verbindung zwischen Kraftstoffanschluß 10 und Raum 19 wieder freigibt.The figure shows an injection device consisting of injection pump, injection line and injection nozzle in a manner known per se. A pump plunger 11 oscillates in the pump element 1. The fuel flows through the fuel connection 10 through a bore 16 into the pump element 1 until the lifting pump plunger 11 covers this bore with its upper edge, so that the connection between the connection 10 and the space 19 is interrupted via the pump ram 11. With a further stroke of the plunger, the fuel located above it is compressed in the space 19 and thereby a relief valve 15 in the valve housing 2 is raised so far that the fuel in a manner known per se after displacement of the relief volume by the spring space 18 and the injection line 4 into the nozzle holder 6 and nozzle body 3 can flow up to space 17 directly in front of the seat of the nozzle needle 12, whereby this is raised and the injection takes place. If the stroke continues, delivery is continued until a control edge on the pump element 1 releases the connection between the fuel connection 10 and the space 19 again.

Diese an sich bekannte Einrichtung ist nun ergänzt durch zumindest einen weiteren Kraftstoffanschluß 7. Während der entlasteten Phase der Einspritzung kann über diesen Anschluß Zweitkraftstoff in den druckentlasteten Raum, der auch den Federraum 5 miteinschließt, und von da in den Hochdruckteil 4 zwischen dem Raum 17 und dem Federraum 18 eingebracht werden, und zwar in dem Maße, wie der schon darin befindliche Kraftstoff nachgibt. Der Druck des über Anschluß 7 eingeleiteten Zweitkraftstoffes darf nicht so hoch sein, daß die Einspritznadel 12 öffnet. Erst wenn der Pumpenstempel 11 fördert, wird der Druck so hoch, daß die Düse öffnet. Ein Rückschlaventil 13 verhindert jetzt, daß der Kraftstoff in den druckentlasteten Raum fließt, während ein weiteres Rückschlagventil 14 verhindert, daß Leckagekraftstoff vom druckentlasteten Raum in die Leitung 7 für den Zweitkraftstoff gelangt. Mit jedem Pumpenhub der Einspritzpumpe wird ein über den Anschluß 7, das Rüchschlagventil 14, den Federraum 5, das Rüchschlagventil 13 in die Druckleitung 4 eingebrachter Zweitkraftstoff ein Stück weiter in Richtung Düsenöffnung gefördert.This device, which is known per se, is now supplemented by at least one further fuel connection 7. During the unloaded phase of the injection, secondary fuel can be introduced into the pressure-relieved space, which also includes the spring chamber 5, and from there into the high-pressure part 4 between the space 17 and are introduced into the spring chamber 18, to the extent that the fuel already in it yields. The pressure of the secondary fuel introduced via port 7 must not be so high that the injection needle 12 opens. Only when the pump plunger 11 conveys will the pressure become so high that the nozzle opens. A check valve 13 now prevents the fuel from flowing into the pressure-relieved space, while a further check valve 14 prevents leakage fuel from the pressure-relieved space from entering the line 7 for the second fuel. With each pump stroke of the injection pump, a second fuel introduced into the pressure line 4 via the connection 7, the check valve 14, the spring chamber 5, the check valve 13 is conveyed a little further in the direction of the nozzle opening.

Die Einstellscheibe 9 zur Justierung des Düsenöffnungsdruckes ist zur Druckleitung 4 hin durchbohrt, und es ergibt sich zwischen rückwärtigem Düsennadelende und den zwei gegensätzlich wirkenden Ventilen 13 und 14 ein Raum, der auch den Federraum 5 miteinschließt.The adjusting disc 9 for adjusting the nozzle opening pressure is drilled towards the pressure line 4, and there is a space between the rear nozzle needle end and the two oppositely acting valves 13 and 14, which also includes the spring chamber 5.

Claims (7)

1. Injection device for feeding fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine whose pumping element (1), pressure relief valve (2), injection nozzle (3), pressure duct (4), which has on the rear portion of the nozzle pin (12) a spring chamber (5) for receiving a spring for returning the nozzle pin (12) and which also accepts the leakage fuel from the nozzle pin (12), whereby the pressure duct (4) leads into a nozzle chamber separate from the spring chamber (5), in which the fuel pressure on a pin surface operates in a direction opposite to the spring and whereby, over at least one additional inlet (7) on the nozzle holder (6), alternatively at least one secondary fuel can be fed into the pressure duct (4) during the pressure-free phase of the injection cycle which differs from the primary fuel fed by the pump unit (1); the device is characterized in that the feeding of the second fuel occurs through a pressure-free chamber, which is separated from the pressure duct (4) by a check valve (13) and also includes the spring chamber (5), whereby this space at the rear end of the nozzle pin (12) is limited by the first check valve (13) leading to the pressure duct (4) and by an opposite operating second check valve (14) to at least one additional inlet (7), whereby the first check valve (13) in the nozzle holder (6) is located near the pressure duct (4) and opens the connection between the pressure-free chamber and the pressure duct (4) during the pressure relieving phase and allows the second fuel and/or leakage fuel to flow into the pressure duct (4) and closes the connection to the pressure duct (4) during the pressure phase, the second check valve (14) is also located in the nozzle holder (6) and the connection between the pressure-free chamber and at least one additional inlet (7) during the pressure-free phase opens the pressure duct (4) and thus allows entry of a second fuel into the pressure-free chamber and during the pressure phase of the pressure duct closes this connection to one or more inlets (7).
2. Injection device as in Claim 1 and characterized in that the maximum quantity of the second fuel flowing through inlet (7) per injection cycle equals the quantity injected in the previous cycle.
3. Injection device as in Claim 1 and characterized in that a regulating washer (9) with drilled holes therein is foreseen for adjusting the nozzle opening pressure.
4. Injection device as in Claim 1 and characterized in that the mixture relationship between the first and second fuels can be regulated by controlling the quantity of second fuel being fed.
5. Injection device as in Claim 4 and characterized in that the mixture relationship after starting to feed the second fuel is fixed, preferably at 100% of the second fuel.
6. Injection device as in Claim 1 and characterized in that the feeding of a second fuel directly before the motor is stopped requires as many revolutions as are necessary so that the second fuel reaches the nozzle tip valve chamber (17) so as to be immediately injected when restarting the motor.
7. Injection device as in Claim 1 and those claims following and characterized in that vegetable oil is used as the first fuel.
EP87904836A 1986-07-30 1987-07-24 Injection device for introducing fuels in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0316331B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87904836T ATE63780T1 (en) 1986-07-30 1987-07-24 INJECTION DEVICE FOR INTRODUCING FUELS INTO THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF AN INTERNAL ENGINE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3625716 1986-07-30
DE3625716 1986-07-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0316331A1 EP0316331A1 (en) 1989-05-24
EP0316331B1 true EP0316331B1 (en) 1991-05-22

Family

ID=6306273

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87904836A Expired - Lifetime EP0316331B1 (en) 1986-07-30 1987-07-24 Injection device for introducing fuels in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4825830A (en)
EP (1) EP0316331B1 (en)
AU (1) AU7753987A (en)
BR (1) BR8704171A (en)
DE (1) DE3770275D1 (en)
MX (1) MX161561A (en)
RU (1) RU1838658C (en)
WO (1) WO1988001019A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

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DE19823335A1 (en) * 1998-05-26 1999-12-02 Elsbett G Fuel injections system for engine with ignition by compression

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5241935A (en) * 1988-02-03 1993-09-07 Servojet Electronic Systems, Ltd. Accumulator fuel injection system
DE4422552C1 (en) * 1994-06-28 1995-11-30 Daimler Benz Ag Method for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine
US5537972A (en) * 1994-07-28 1996-07-23 Servojet Electronics Systems Fuel injection system having a pressure intensifier incorporating an overtravel safety feature
US5833146A (en) * 1996-09-09 1998-11-10 Caterpillar Inc. Valve assembly with coupled seats and fuel injector using same
DE19650559C1 (en) 1996-12-05 1998-03-26 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Connection to feed fuel and water into injection valve in Diesel internal combustion engine
US8191534B2 (en) * 2008-02-28 2012-06-05 General Electric Company High viscosity fuel injection pressure reduction system and method

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DE3012418A1 (en) * 1980-03-29 1981-10-08 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln Fuel injection nozzle for IC engine - has second fuel passage for pilot fuel injection
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DE19823335A1 (en) * 1998-05-26 1999-12-02 Elsbett G Fuel injections system for engine with ignition by compression
DE19823335C2 (en) * 1998-05-26 2001-05-31 Elsbett G Injection system for operation with different fuels

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU1838658C (en) 1993-08-30
WO1988001019A1 (en) 1988-02-11
MX161561A (en) 1990-11-06
BR8704171A (en) 1988-04-12
AU7753987A (en) 1988-02-24
EP0316331A1 (en) 1989-05-24
DE3770275D1 (en) 1991-06-27
US4825830A (en) 1989-05-02

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