EP0316264A2 - Method and device for stripping enamel and for removing layers from surfaces - Google Patents

Method and device for stripping enamel and for removing layers from surfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0316264A2
EP0316264A2 EP88730248A EP88730248A EP0316264A2 EP 0316264 A2 EP0316264 A2 EP 0316264A2 EP 88730248 A EP88730248 A EP 88730248A EP 88730248 A EP88730248 A EP 88730248A EP 0316264 A2 EP0316264 A2 EP 0316264A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
ice
particles
jet
water jet
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Granted
Application number
EP88730248A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0316264A3 (en
EP0316264B1 (en
Inventor
Werner Süss
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Werner and Zeisse GmbH and Co KG
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Howaldtswerke Deutsche Werft GmbH
Werner and Zeisse GmbH and Co KG
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Priority to AT88730248T priority Critical patent/ATE78744T1/en
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Publication of EP0316264A3 publication Critical patent/EP0316264A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C11/00—Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts
    • B24C11/005—Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts of additives, e.g. anti-corrosive or disinfecting agents in solid, liquid or gaseous form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/003—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods using material which dissolves or changes phase after the treatment, e.g. ice, CO2
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
    • B24C1/086—Descaling; Removing coating films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for stripping paint and for removing coatings from surfaces which are to be provided in particular with surface protection. It is about the removal of old paints, paints and similar layers or contaminations and possibly also rust particles.
  • the surfaces are in particular metallic surfaces such as on ships and stilt buildings, but the invention can also be used on other surfaces, such as facades of buildings.
  • the water When using high-pressure water jets, the water can be collected and cleaned of the entrained dirt or coating particles, so that the amount of waste to be brought to a landfill is considerably reduced compared to sand blasting. Since the condition of the layers and impurities in an area can vary greatly depending on the stresses that have occurred, it was found that a high-pressure water jet was not always sufficient or at least in part a longer treatment of individual areas was necessary.
  • the invention has for its object to improve the process for stripping paint and removing coatings or contaminants on surfaces by means of a water jet emerging from a nozzle at high pressure so that even firmly adhering paints, coatings and other layers can be removed easily.
  • the invention provides that ice particles are thrown against the surface with the water jet hitting the surface to be treated.
  • the amount of ice particles in the water jet is approximately between 5 and 40% by weight, preferably between 10 and 25% by weight.
  • the ice particles can be formed in the water supplied by means of a refrigerant directed in or against the water.
  • a liquid refrigerant such as liquid nitrogen is preferably used.
  • the supply takes place, for example, in a mixing chamber directly in front of the nozzle and in such a way that particles in the inner regions of the jet are frozen by the refrigerant, while the water layers flowing along the walls of the nozzle and the mixing chamber are not cooled to freezing temperature.
  • the refrigerant expediently emerges in the form of at least one jet into the rapidly flowing water jet, which breaks down into refrigerant droplets or gas bubbles which cause the formation of the ice particles.
  • breakage ice in the form of irregular pieces or scales is first formed from water in a manner known per se. This is crushed in an intermediate container and cooled down to low temperatures of below -10 degrees Celsius, preferably below -20 degrees Celsius. The crushed pieces of broken ice are then mixed with the water supplied under high pressure, preferably of 850 bar or more. Additives can be added to the ice particles which at least partially envelop the particles in order to prevent freezing together and / or to counteract melting of the particles in the water jet.
  • the water jet emerging from the nozzle at high pressure and high speed only covers a relatively short distance of less than 15 cm, normally even only about 2 cm, until it hits the surface to be treated, there is no reason to fear that the ice this way it melts in the water jet. Ice formed from water is preferred as ice. However, the temperature of this ice should be so low that the particles have sufficient hardness even after they have been added to the water jet and until they hit the surface to be treated. If the ice particles in the jet enlarge due to the addition of crystals from the surrounding water, this is an additional advantage.
  • crushed dry ice can also be introduced into the water jet as ice.
  • the device provided for carrying out the method has a device for supplying water under high pressure, which consists, for example, of a high-pressure pump with an upstream filter and associated lines and a suitable outlet nozzle for the water jet, and is characterized in that a mixing device is located on the outlet nozzle is provided for the generation or addition of ice particles in the emerging water jet.
  • the device comprises a device for forming broken ice and an intermediate container for deep-freezing the broken ice, in which stirring and crushing devices for crushing the broken ice are arranged.
  • the mixing device is preferably designed as an injector in which the water supplied pulls the crushed broken ice out of the intermediate container.
  • the device has a cooler for the supplied water, in which the water is cooled to a temperature below 5 degrees Celsius, preferably below 2 degrees Celsius, before entering the mixing device.
  • the device is preferably used in a device in which the water flowing off the surface is collected with the particles of the coating which have been blown off and, after these particles have been separated off in settling containers and / or filters, is returned to the outlet nozzle via the high-pressure pump. If the water recirculated in this way still contains very fine particles, these can represent crystallization nuclei for the ice particles to be formed, especially when the refrigerant is introduced directly into the water stream.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show only preferred exemplary embodiments.
  • a jet 1 emerges from an outlet nozzle 2 and is directed against a surface 10 from which old layers of paint are to be removed.
  • the distance a between nozzle 2 and surface 10 can be approximately 15 to 100 mm depending on the working conditions.
  • a mixing device 3 At the nozzle 2 there is a mixing device 3, in which the ice particles are formed or fed.
  • the water flowing down from the surface 10 is collected with the paint residues and dirt in a sump 12, returned to a settling tank 12 by a pump 16 and a line 11 and from here via alternately usable filters 13, a fine filter 14 by a high pressure pump 15 in one Cooler 4 for cooling to about +2 degrees Celsius and pressed via a hose connection 17 into the mixing device 3, which in the case of FIG. 1 is preferably an injector, in which crushed broken ice is added to the water jet emerging from the nozzle 2. If the settling tank 12 does not contain enough water, fresh water is supplied to the high-pressure pump 15 via a line 20. Water is fed from a line 21 to a device 22 for forming, for example, broken ice.
  • the ice initially only has a temperature of around -0.5 degrees Celsius. It arrives in an intermediate container 23, in which the ice is further frozen, preferably to a temperature below -20 degrees Celsius.
  • an intermediate container 23 In the intermediate container there is a stirring and comminuting device which further crushes and circulates the broken ice so that it cannot freeze together into larger, compact pieces.
  • the intermediate container is via a line 24 cooled by a refrigerant, which can also be introduced directly into the intermediate container.
  • the broken ice reaches the injector of the mixing device 3 via a flexible line 27.
  • the mixing device 3 is designed as a mixing chamber into which the refrigerant, preferably liquid nitrogen, is fed via a refrigerant line 25. is emitted directly with one or more exit jets into the water flow flowing through the mixing chamber 3.
  • the refrigerant preferably liquid nitrogen
  • the design of the nozzles which are only indicated schematically, must be adapted to the respective intended use, but also to the feeding of the ice particles, the embodiment according to FIG. 1 appearing to be more expedient for a point, circular or fan-shaped jet, while the embodiment according to FIG. 2 is particularly suitable for a turbo nozzle.
  • the mutually influencing values for the pressure and amount of water in the high-pressure water jet, the type and size of the outlet nozzle and the addition of ice to the water jet are selected. While the water penetrates into the pores and cracks of a layer due to its high pressure and blows off this layer from below, the ice particles carried along with the speed of the water jet help to damage the surface of a layer in such a way that in turn Water can penetrate through tiny openings. This significantly improves high-pressure water jet cleaning without increasing the amount of waste to be landfilled or causing damage from solid particles that fly away in an uncontrolled manner. Since the detached particles of the removed layers are flushed away dust-free with the water and can be easily removed after collection in a sump or filter, the method according to the invention can also be used advantageously, for example, in cargo holds and tanks of ships.

Abstract

To strip enamel and remove other layers from surfaces, e.g. from the sides of ships, steel structural parts and building facades, ice particles, instead of sand blasting and in order to improve high-pressure water-jet cleaning, are added to the water jet striking the surface to be treated. The particles can be formed in the water jet by the addition of a freezing agent, or crushed supercooled broken ice is added to the water jet preferably by means of an injector. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Entlacken und zum Entfernen von Beschichtungen von Flächen, die insbesondere mit einen Oberflächenschutz versehen werden sollen. Es geht um die Beseitigung alter Lacke, Farben und ähnlicher Schichten oder Verunreinigungen und gegebenfalls auch von Rostteilchen. Die Flächen sind insbesondere metallische Flächen wie an Schiffen und Stalbauten, aber die Erfindung kann auch an anderen Flächen, wie beispielsweise Fassaden von Gebäuden, angewendet werden.The invention relates to a method for stripping paint and for removing coatings from surfaces which are to be provided in particular with surface protection. It is about the removal of old paints, paints and similar layers or contaminations and possibly also rust particles. The surfaces are in particular metallic surfaces such as on ships and stilt buildings, but the invention can also be used on other surfaces, such as facades of buildings.

Es ist bekannt, daß alte Anstriche von Schiffen und Stahlbauteilen durch Sandstrahlen entfernt werden können. Ein Nachteil dieses Verfahrens ist jedoch, daß der verwendete Sand, auch wenn die Bearbeitungsstelle durch Planen abgedeckt ist, unkontrollierbar verweht und beispielsweise bei den Aggregaten eines Schiffes zu späteren Funktionsstörungen führen kann. Zusätzlich tritt eine Umweltverschmutzung durch die Emission von Staub auf. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist, daß die große Menge an Strahlmittel-Rückständen von mit den abgesprengten Teilchen der wenigstens teilweise als giftig anzusehenden Beschichtungen nur durch Lagerung auf einer Sondermülldeponie beseitigt werden kann.It is known that old paint from ships and steel components can be removed by sandblasting. A disadvantage of this method, however, is that the sand used, even if the processing point is covered by tarpaulins, blows out in an uncontrollable manner and can lead to later malfunctions in the aggregates of a ship, for example. In addition, there is pollution from the emission of dust. A further disadvantage is that the large amount of abrasive residues from the particles that have been blasted off of the coatings, which are at least partially regarded as toxic, can only be eliminated by storage in a hazardous waste landfill.

Es ist ferner bekannt, mittels eines Wasserstrahles von hohem Druck Verunreinigungen und Beschichtungen von Oberflächen zu entfernen. Dabei tritt das Wasser kreis- oder fächerförmig aus einer geeigneten Düse aus. Bekannt sind auch Arbeitsgeräte mit einer Turbodüse, bei der in der Düse ein rotierendes Teil angeordnet ist. Ferner lassen sich hierbei Drehstrahlen erzeugen, bei denen ein Satz von punktförmig wirkenden Düsen, die schräg gegen die zu behandelnde Fläche gerichtet sind, um eine zentrale Achse rotiert.It is also known to remove contaminants and coatings from surfaces by means of a high pressure water jet. The water emerges in a circular or fan shape from a suitable nozzle. Tools with a turbo nozzle are also known, in which a rotating part is arranged in the nozzle. Furthermore, rotary jets can be generated in which a set of point-acting nozzles, which are directed obliquely against the surface to be treated, rotates about a central axis.

Bei der Verwendung von Hochdruckwasserstrahlen läßt das Wasser auffangen und von den mitgerissenen Verschmutzungen beziehungsweise Beschichtungsteilchen reinigen, so daß die auf eine Deponie zu verbringede Abfallmenge erheblich verringert wird im Vergleich zum Sandstrahlen. Da der Zustand der Schichten und Verunreinigungen in einer Fläche je nach den aufgetretenen Beanspruchungen sehr unterschiedlich sein kann, zeigte es sich, daß ein Hochdruckwasserstrahl nicht immer ausreichte oder wenigstens teilweise eine längere Behandlung einzelner Bereiche notwendig war.When using high-pressure water jets, the water can be collected and cleaned of the entrained dirt or coating particles, so that the amount of waste to be brought to a landfill is considerably reduced compared to sand blasting. Since the condition of the layers and impurities in an area can vary greatly depending on the stresses that have occurred, it was found that a high-pressure water jet was not always sufficient or at least in part a longer treatment of individual areas was necessary.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Verfahren zum Entlacken und zum Entfernen von Beschichtungen oder Verunreinigungen auf Flächen mittels eines mit hohem Druck aus einer Düse austretenden Wasserstrahls so zu verbessern, daß auch fest haftende Lacke, Beschichtungen und sonstige Schichten gut entfernt werden können.The invention has for its object to improve the process for stripping paint and removing coatings or contaminants on surfaces by means of a water jet emerging from a nozzle at high pressure so that even firmly adhering paints, coatings and other layers can be removed easily.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe sieht die Erfindung vor, daß mit dem auf die zu behandelnde Fläche auftreffenden Wasserstrahl Eispartikel gegen die Fläche geschleudert werden. Die Menge der Eispartikel in dem Wasserstrahl liegt etwa zwischen 5 und 40 Gew.%, vorzugsweise zwischen 10 und 25 Gew.%.To achieve this object, the invention provides that ice particles are thrown against the surface with the water jet hitting the surface to be treated. The amount of ice particles in the water jet is approximately between 5 and 40% by weight, preferably between 10 and 25% by weight.

Die Eispartikel können in dem zugeführten Wasser mittels eines in oder gegen das Wasser gerichteten Kältemittels gebildet werden. Vorzugsweise wird ein flüssiges Kältemittel wie flüssiger Stickstoff verwendet. Die Zuführung erfolgt beispielsweise in einer Mischkammer unmittelbar vor der Düse und in einer Weise, daß Partikel in den inneren Bereichen des Strahls durch das Kältemittel gefroren werden, während die an den Wandungen der Düse und der Mischkammer entlang fließenden Wasserschichten nicht auf Gefriertemperatur abgekühlt werden.The ice particles can be formed in the water supplied by means of a refrigerant directed in or against the water. A liquid refrigerant such as liquid nitrogen is preferably used. The supply takes place, for example, in a mixing chamber directly in front of the nozzle and in such a way that particles in the inner regions of the jet are frozen by the refrigerant, while the water layers flowing along the walls of the nozzle and the mixing chamber are not cooled to freezing temperature.

Zweckmäßigerweise tritt das Kältemittel in Form wenigstens eines Strahls in den schnell strömenden Wasserstrahl aus, der in Kältemitteltröpfchen oder Gasblasen zerfällt, die die Bildung der Eispartikel bewirken.The refrigerant expediently emerges in the form of at least one jet into the rapidly flowing water jet, which breaks down into refrigerant droplets or gas bubbles which cause the formation of the ice particles.

Nach einer anderen bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird zunächst aus Wasser in an sich bekannter Weise Brucheis in Form von unregelmäßigen Stücken oder Schuppen gebildet. Dieses wird in einem Zwischenbehälter zerkleinert und dabei auf tiefe Temperaturen von unter -10 Grad Celsius, vorzugsweise von unter -20 Grad Celsius heruntergekühlt. Die zerkleinerten Brucheisstücke werden danach dem unter hohem Druck, vorzugsweise von 850 bar oder mehr, zugeführten Wasser beigemischt. Den Eispartikeln können Additive zugegeben werden, die die Partikel wenigstens teilweise umhüllen, um ein Zusammenfrieren zu verhindern und/oder einem Abschmelzen der Partikel in dem Wasserstrahl entgegenzuwirken.According to another preferred embodiment, breakage ice in the form of irregular pieces or scales is first formed from water in a manner known per se. This is crushed in an intermediate container and cooled down to low temperatures of below -10 degrees Celsius, preferably below -20 degrees Celsius. The crushed pieces of broken ice are then mixed with the water supplied under high pressure, preferably of 850 bar or more. Additives can be added to the ice particles which at least partially envelop the particles in order to prevent freezing together and / or to counteract melting of the particles in the water jet.

Da der mit hohem Druck und großer Geschwindigkeit aus der Düse austretende Wasserstrahl bis zum Auftreffen auf die zu behandelnde Fläche nur einen relativ kurzen Weg von weniger als 15 cm, normalerweise sogar von nur etwa 2 cm, zurücklegt, ist nicht zu befürchten, daß das Eis auf diesem Wege im Wasserstrahl schmilzt. Als Eis wird aus Wasser gebildetes Eis bevorzugt. Die Temperatur dieses Eises sollte jedoch so niedrig sein, daß die Partikel auch nach der Zumischung zum Wasserstrahl und bis zum Auftreffen auf die zu behandelnde Fläche eine genügende Härte aufweisen. Sofern sich die Eispartikel im Strahl durch Anlagerung von Kristallen aus dem umgebenden Wasser vergrößern, ist hierin ein zusätzlicher Vorteil zu sehen.Since the water jet emerging from the nozzle at high pressure and high speed only covers a relatively short distance of less than 15 cm, normally even only about 2 cm, until it hits the surface to be treated, there is no reason to fear that the ice this way it melts in the water jet. Ice formed from water is preferred as ice. However, the temperature of this ice should be so low that the particles have sufficient hardness even after they have been added to the water jet and until they hit the surface to be treated. If the ice particles in the jet enlarge due to the addition of crystals from the surrounding water, this is an additional advantage.

Als Eis kann gegebenenfalls auch zerkleinertes Trockeneis in den Wasserstrahl eingebracht werden.If necessary, crushed dry ice can also be introduced into the water jet as ice.

Die zur Durchführung des Verfahrens vorgesehene Vorrichtung weist eine Einrichtung zur Zuführung von Wasser unter hohem Druck auf, die beispielsweise aus einer Hochdruckpumpe mit vorgeschaltetem Filter und zugehörigen Leitungen besteht und eine geeignete Austrittsdüse für den Wasserstrahl und zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß an der Austrittsdüse eine Mischeinrichtung für die Erzeugung oder die Zugabe von Eispartikeln in den austretenden Wasserstrahl vorgesehen ist. In einer bevorzugten Ausführung umfaßt die Vorriichtung ein Gerät zur Bildung von Brucheis und einen Zwischenbehälter zum Tiefgefrieren des Brucheises, in dem Rühr- und Zerkleinerungseinrichtungen zur Zerkleinerung des Brucheises angeordnet sind. Die Mischeinrichtung ist vorzugsweise als Injektor ausgebildet, in dem das zugeführte Wasser das zerkleinerte Brucheis aus dem Zwischenbehälter abzieht. Ferner weist die Vorrichtung einem Kühler für das zugeführte Wasser auf, in dem das Wasser auf eine Temperatur unter 5 Grad Celsius, vorzugsweise unter 2 Grad Celsius vor dem Eintritt in die Mischeinrichtung gekühlt wird.The device provided for carrying out the method has a device for supplying water under high pressure, which consists, for example, of a high-pressure pump with an upstream filter and associated lines and a suitable outlet nozzle for the water jet, and is characterized in that a mixing device is located on the outlet nozzle is provided for the generation or addition of ice particles in the emerging water jet. In a preferred embodiment, the device comprises a device for forming broken ice and an intermediate container for deep-freezing the broken ice, in which stirring and crushing devices for crushing the broken ice are arranged. The mixing device is preferably designed as an injector in which the water supplied pulls the crushed broken ice out of the intermediate container. Furthermore, the device has a cooler for the supplied water, in which the water is cooled to a temperature below 5 degrees Celsius, preferably below 2 degrees Celsius, before entering the mixing device.

Die Vorrichtung wird vorzugsweise in einer Einrichtung verwendet, in der das von der Fläche abfließende Wasser mit den abgesprengten Teilchen der Beschichtung aufgefangen und nach Abtrennung dieser Teilchen in Absetzbehältern und/oder Filtern wieder über die Hochdruckpumpe der Austrittsdüse zugeführt wird. Falls das auf diese Weise rezirkulierte Wasser noch feinste Teilchen enthält, können diese insbesondere bei der Einbringung des Kältemittels direkt in den Wasserstrom Kristallisationskeime für die zu bildenden Eispartikel darstellen.The device is preferably used in a device in which the water flowing off the surface is collected with the particles of the coating which have been blown off and, after these particles have been separated off in settling containers and / or filters, is returned to the outlet nozzle via the high-pressure pump. If the water recirculated in this way still contains very fine particles, these can represent crystallization nuclei for the ice particles to be formed, especially when the refrigerant is introduced directly into the water stream.

Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden anhand der beiden beigefügten Schemata (Fig. 1 und Fig. 2) von geeigneten Anlagen beschrieben. Diese Schemata stellen nur bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele dar.Further details of the invention are described with the aid of the two enclosed diagrams (FIGS. 1 and 2) of suitable systems. These diagrams represent only preferred exemplary embodiments.

In den Schemata tritt ein Strahl 1 aus einer Austrittsdüse 2 aus und ist gegen eine Fläche 10 gerichtet, von der alte Lackschichten zu entfernen sind. Der Abstand a zwischen Düse 2 und Fläche 10 kann etwa 15 bis 100 mm je nach den Arbeitsbedingungen betragen. An der Düse 2 befindet sich eine Mischeinrichtung 3, in der die Eispartikel gebildet oder zugeführt werden.In the diagrams, a jet 1 emerges from an outlet nozzle 2 and is directed against a surface 10 from which old layers of paint are to be removed. The distance a between nozzle 2 and surface 10 can be approximately 15 to 100 mm depending on the working conditions. At the nozzle 2 there is a mixing device 3, in which the ice particles are formed or fed.

Das von der Fläche 10 herabfließende Wasser wird mit den Lackresten und Verschmutzungen in einem Sumpf 12 aufgefangen, durch eine Pumpe 16 und eine Leitung 11 in einen Absetzbehälter 12 zurückgeführt und von hier über wechselweise einsetzbare Filter 13, ein Feinfilter 14 durch eine Hochdruckpumpe 15 in einen Kühler 4 zur Abkühlung auf etwa +2 Grad Celsius und über eine Schlauchverbindung 17 in die Mischeinrichtung 3 gedrückt, die im Falle der Fig. 1 vorzugsweise ein Injektor ist, in dem zerkleinertes Brucheis dem aus der Düse 2 austretenden Wasserstrahl zugefügt wird. Sofern der Absetzbehälter 12 nicht genügend Wasser enthält, wird frisches Wasser über eine Leitung 20 der Hochdruckpumpe 15 zugeführt. Aus einer Leitung 21 wird Wasser einem Gerät 22 zur Bildung von z.B. Brucheis zugeleitet. Das Eis hat zunächst nur eine Temperatur von etwa -0,5 Grad Celsius. Es gelangt in einem Zwischenbehälter 23. In diesem wird das Eis weiter tiefgekühlt, vorzugsweise auf eine Temperatur unter -20 Grad Celsius. In dem Zwischenbehälter befindet sich eine Rühr- und Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung, die das Brucheis weiter zerkleinert und umwälzt, so daß es nicht zu größeren kompakten Stücken zusammenfrieren kann. Der Zwischenbehälter wird über eine Leitung 24 durch ein Kältemittel gekühlt, das auch direkt in den Zwischenbehälter eingeleitet werden kann. Über eine flexible Leitung 27 gelangt das Brucheis zum Injektor der Mischeinrichtung 3.The water flowing down from the surface 10 is collected with the paint residues and dirt in a sump 12, returned to a settling tank 12 by a pump 16 and a line 11 and from here via alternately usable filters 13, a fine filter 14 by a high pressure pump 15 in one Cooler 4 for cooling to about +2 degrees Celsius and pressed via a hose connection 17 into the mixing device 3, which in the case of FIG. 1 is preferably an injector, in which crushed broken ice is added to the water jet emerging from the nozzle 2. If the settling tank 12 does not contain enough water, fresh water is supplied to the high-pressure pump 15 via a line 20. Water is fed from a line 21 to a device 22 for forming, for example, broken ice. The ice initially only has a temperature of around -0.5 degrees Celsius. It arrives in an intermediate container 23, in which the ice is further frozen, preferably to a temperature below -20 degrees Celsius. In the intermediate container there is a stirring and comminuting device which further crushes and circulates the broken ice so that it cannot freeze together into larger, compact pieces. The intermediate container is via a line 24 cooled by a refrigerant, which can also be introduced directly into the intermediate container. The broken ice reaches the injector of the mixing device 3 via a flexible line 27.

Die Anlage gemäß Fig. 2 ist der nach Fig. 1 im wesentlichen gleich, jedoch entfällt die Einrichtung zur Bildung und Aufbereitung des Brucheises, und stattdessen ist die Mischeinrichtung 3 als Mischkammer ausgebildet, in die über eine Kaltemittelleitung 25 das Kältemittel, vorzugsweise flüssiger Stickstoff, direkt mit einem oder mehreren Austrittsstrahlen in den durch die Mischkammer 3 fließenden Wasserstrom abgegeben wird.1 is essentially the same, but the device for forming and processing the broken ice is omitted, and instead the mixing device 3 is designed as a mixing chamber into which the refrigerant, preferably liquid nitrogen, is fed via a refrigerant line 25. is emitted directly with one or more exit jets into the water flow flowing through the mixing chamber 3.

In den Schemata sind Absperrventile und Regelungseinrichtungen für die Wasser-, Eis- und Kältemittelzuführung nicht dargestellt, durch die z.B. auch ein Einfrieren der Düse bei Betriebsunterbrechungen oder Veränderungen der Einstellung der Austrittsdüse vermieden wird.Shut-off valves and control devices for the water, ice and refrigerant supply are not shown in the diagrams, through which e.g. freezing of the nozzle in the event of operational interruptions or changes in the setting of the outlet nozzle is also avoided.

Die Ausbildung der nur schematisch angedeuteten Düsen ist dem jeweiligen Einsatzzweck, aber auch der Zuführung der Eispartikel, anzupassen, wobei die Ausführung nach Fig. 1 für einen punkt-, kreis- oder fächerförmigen Strahl zweckmäßiger zu sein scheint, während die Ausführung nach Fig. 2 wohl insbesondere für eine Turbodüse in Frage kommt.The design of the nozzles, which are only indicated schematically, must be adapted to the respective intended use, but also to the feeding of the ice particles, the embodiment according to FIG. 1 appearing to be more expedient for a point, circular or fan-shaped jet, while the embodiment according to FIG. 2 is particularly suitable for a turbo nozzle.

Zur Anpassung an den jweiligen Anwendungsfall und die möglichen Arbeitsbedingungen werden die sich gegenseitig beeinflussenden Werte für Druck und Menge des Wasser im Hochdruckwasserstrahl, der Art und Größe der Austrittsdüse sowie der Zusatz von Eis zu dem Wasserstrahl gewählt. Während das Wasser infolge seines hohen Drucks in Poren und Risse einer Schicht eindringt und diese Schicht von unten her absprengt, tragen die mit der Geschwindigkeit des Wasserstrahls mitgeführten Eispartikel dazu bei, die Oberfläche einer Schicht so zu beschädigen, daß wiederum Wasser durch entstehende winzige Öffnungen eindringen kann. Damit wird die Hochdruckwasserstrahl-Reinigung wesentlich verbessert, ohne daß die Menge der zu deponierenden Abfallstoffe vergrößert wird oder Schäden durch unkontrolliert wegfliegende feste Partikel entstehen können. Da die abgelösten Teilchen der entfernten Schichten mit dem Wasser staubfrei weggespült werden und nach Sammlung in einem Sumpf oder Filter leicht entfernt werden können, läßt sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren auch z.B. bei Laderäumen und Tanks von Schiffen vorteilhaft einsetzen.In order to adapt to the respective application and the possible working conditions, the mutually influencing values for the pressure and amount of water in the high-pressure water jet, the type and size of the outlet nozzle and the addition of ice to the water jet are selected. While the water penetrates into the pores and cracks of a layer due to its high pressure and blows off this layer from below, the ice particles carried along with the speed of the water jet help to damage the surface of a layer in such a way that in turn Water can penetrate through tiny openings. This significantly improves high-pressure water jet cleaning without increasing the amount of waste to be landfilled or causing damage from solid particles that fly away in an uncontrolled manner. Since the detached particles of the removed layers are flushed away dust-free with the water and can be easily removed after collection in a sump or filter, the method according to the invention can also be used advantageously, for example, in cargo holds and tanks of ships.

Claims (10)

1. Verfahren zum Entlacken und zum Entfernen von Schichten von Flächen, die insbesondere mit einem Oberflächenschutz versehen werden sollen, unter Verwendung eines mit hohem Druck aus einer Düse austretenden Wasserstrahls, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mit dem auf die zu behandelnde Fläche auftreffenden Wasserstrahl Eispartikel gegen die Fläche geschleudert werden.1. A process for stripping paint and removing layers from surfaces which are to be provided in particular with a surface protection, using a water jet emerging from a nozzle at high pressure, characterized in that ice particles against the surface to be treated against the water jet Surface to be flung. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Anteil der Eispartikel in dem Wasserstrahl etwa 10 bis 25 Gew.% beträgt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the proportion of ice particles in the water jet is about 10 to 25 wt.%. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das von der zu behandelnden Fläche abfließende Wasser mit den durch die Behandlung abgelösten Teilchen aufgefangen, die Teilchen durch Absetzen und anschließendes Filtrieren weitgehend abgetrennt werden und das so gereinigte Wasser erneut mit hohem Druck und mit zugesetzten Eispartikeln gegen die zu behandelnde Fläche gerichtet wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the water flowing off from the surface to be treated is collected with the particles detached by the treatment, the particles are largely separated by settling and subsequent filtration and the water thus purified again at high pressure and is directed against the surface to be treated with added ice particles. 4. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß aus Wasser zunächst Brucheis bereitet, dieses zerkleinert und auf tiefe Temperaturen, vorzugsweise von unter -20 Grad Celsius, heruntergekühlt und die Partikel aus dem Brucheis dem unter hohem Druck zugeführten Wasser beigemischt werden.4. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that breakage ice is first prepared from water, crushed and cooled to low temperatures, preferably below -20 degrees Celsius, and the particles from the breakage ice which are fed under high pressure Be mixed with water. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß den Eispartikeln Additive zugegeben werden, die das Zusammenfrieren der Partikel behindern und/oder dem Abschmelzen der Partikel im Wasserstrahl entgegenwirken.5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that additives are added to the ice particles which hinder the freezing of the particles and / or counteract the melting of the particles in the water jet. 6. Verfahren nach einem mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mittels wenigstens eines in oder gegen das zugeführte Wasser gerichteten Strahls eines vorzugsweise flüssigen Kältemittels aus diesem Wasser Eispartikel gebildet werden.6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that ice particles are formed from this water by means of at least one jet directed into or against the supplied water of a preferably liquid refrigerant. 7. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 6. dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zugeführte Wasser auf eine Temperatur zwischen +5 und etwa +1 Grad Celsius vorgekühlt wird, bevor der Zusatz oder die Bildung von Eispartikeln erfolgt.7. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the supplied water is pre-cooled to a temperature between +5 and about +1 degrees Celsius before the addition or formation of ice particles takes place. 8. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, bestehend aus einer Einrichtung zur Zuführung von Wasser unter hohem Druck und einer Austrittsdüse, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an der Austrittsdüse (2) eine Mischeinrichtung (3) für die Erzeugung oder die Zugabe von Eispartikeln in den aus der Austrittsdüse (2) austretenden Wasserstrahl (1) vorgesehen ist.8. An apparatus for performing the method according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, consisting of a device for supplying water under high pressure and an outlet nozzle, characterized in that on the outlet nozzle (2) a mixing device (3) for the generation or the addition of ice particles into the water jet (1) emerging from the outlet nozzle (2) is provided. 9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ein Gerät (22) zur Bildung von Brucheis, einen Zwischenbehälter (23) zur Tiefkühlung und mit Rühr- und Zerkleinerungseinrichtungen zur Zerkleinerung des Brucheises sowie einen Kühler (4) für das zugeführte Wasser umfaßt.9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises a device (22) for forming broken ice, an intermediate container (23) for freezing and with stirring and crushing devices for crushing the broken ice and a cooler (4) for the water supplied . 10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mischeinrichtung (3) als ein Injektor ausgebildet ist, in dem das unter hohem Druck zugeführte Wasser zerkleinertes Brucheis aus dem Zwischenbehälter (23) abzieht und auf die Geschwindigkeit des austretenden Strahles (1) beschleunigt.10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the mixing device (3) is designed as an injector in which the crushed ice supplied under high pressure pulls broken ice from the intermediate container (23) and accelerates to the speed of the emerging jet (1) .
EP88730248A 1987-11-11 1988-11-10 Method and device for stripping enamel and for removing layers from surfaces Expired - Lifetime EP0316264B1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88730248T ATE78744T1 (en) 1987-11-11 1988-11-10 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR VARNISHING AND REMOVING COATINGS FROM SURFACES.

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DE19873738246 DE3738246A1 (en) 1987-11-11 1987-11-11 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REMOVING COATINGS AND IMPURITIES
DE3738246 1987-11-11

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EP0316264A2 true EP0316264A2 (en) 1989-05-17
EP0316264A3 EP0316264A3 (en) 1989-12-13
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WO1990014927A1 (en) * 1989-05-30 1990-12-13 Ixtal Blast Technology Corp. Particle blast cleaning and treating of surfaces
WO1991004449A1 (en) * 1989-09-12 1991-04-04 Ixtal Blast Technology Corp. Apparatus for preparing, classifying and metering particle media
WO1992007691A1 (en) * 1990-10-26 1992-05-14 Gec-Marconi Limited Apparatus for removing surface material under water by erosion
EP0509132A1 (en) * 1991-04-19 1992-10-21 Szücs, Eva Abony Method and device for the cleaning of surfaces, in particular delicate surfaces
US5318636A (en) * 1991-04-19 1994-06-07 Eva Abony Szucs Method for cleaning surfaces, in particular sensitive surfaces
EP0960950A1 (en) * 1998-05-27 1999-12-01 Waterjet Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for ultrahigh pressure water jet peening
EP0990711A1 (en) * 1998-09-29 2000-04-05 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Treatment of surfaces before thermally spray coating them
WO2001003887A1 (en) * 1999-07-12 2001-01-18 Swinburne Limited Method and apparatus for machining and processing of materials
EP1174216A2 (en) * 2000-07-17 2002-01-23 Cold Clean S.à.r.l. Blasting machine
DE102006002653B4 (en) * 2005-01-27 2009-10-08 Luderer Schweißtechnik GmbH Dry Ice Blasting
DE102012017906A1 (en) * 2012-09-11 2014-03-13 Peter Harst Producing dry ice comprising blasting agent which is used during blasting, comprises expanding liquid carbon dioxide in expansion chamber, forming dry ice snow, adding additional spray additive to dry ice snow to form dry ice composition
WO2017017034A1 (en) * 2015-07-25 2017-02-02 Messer Group Gmbh Method for treating surfaces by means of a blasting medium consisting of dry ice particles
WO2017127935A1 (en) * 2016-01-27 2017-08-03 Coulson Ice Blast Ltd. Ice blasting system and method
RU174619U1 (en) * 2016-11-14 2017-10-23 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Рыбинский государственный авиационный технический университет имени П.А. Соловьева" DEVICE FOR CLEANING SURFACES OF GOODS BY ICE PARTICLES
CN110153399A (en) * 2017-12-25 2019-08-23 霍山县忠福机电科技有限公司 Cast cleaning jetting machine
WO2020000095A1 (en) * 2018-06-26 2020-01-02 Coulson Ice Blast Ltd. Ice blasting machine with dual-mode operation for water ice and dry ice

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Cited By (23)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1990014927A1 (en) * 1989-05-30 1990-12-13 Ixtal Blast Technology Corp. Particle blast cleaning and treating of surfaces
WO1991004449A1 (en) * 1989-09-12 1991-04-04 Ixtal Blast Technology Corp. Apparatus for preparing, classifying and metering particle media
WO1992007691A1 (en) * 1990-10-26 1992-05-14 Gec-Marconi Limited Apparatus for removing surface material under water by erosion
EP0509132A1 (en) * 1991-04-19 1992-10-21 Szücs, Eva Abony Method and device for the cleaning of surfaces, in particular delicate surfaces
DE4112890A1 (en) * 1991-04-19 1992-10-22 Abony Szuecs Eva METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CLEANING SURFACES, ESPECIALLY SENSITIVE SURFACES
US5318636A (en) * 1991-04-19 1994-06-07 Eva Abony Szucs Method for cleaning surfaces, in particular sensitive surfaces
EP0960950A1 (en) * 1998-05-27 1999-12-01 Waterjet Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for ultrahigh pressure water jet peening
EP1323836A1 (en) * 1998-05-27 2003-07-02 Waterjet Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for ultrahigh pressure water jet peening
EP0990711A1 (en) * 1998-09-29 2000-04-05 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Treatment of surfaces before thermally spray coating them
WO2001003887A1 (en) * 1999-07-12 2001-01-18 Swinburne Limited Method and apparatus for machining and processing of materials
EP1174216A3 (en) * 2000-07-17 2002-12-11 Cold Clean S.à.r.l. Blasting machine
EP1174216A2 (en) * 2000-07-17 2002-01-23 Cold Clean S.à.r.l. Blasting machine
DE102006002653B4 (en) * 2005-01-27 2009-10-08 Luderer Schweißtechnik GmbH Dry Ice Blasting
DE102012017906A1 (en) * 2012-09-11 2014-03-13 Peter Harst Producing dry ice comprising blasting agent which is used during blasting, comprises expanding liquid carbon dioxide in expansion chamber, forming dry ice snow, adding additional spray additive to dry ice snow to form dry ice composition
WO2017017034A1 (en) * 2015-07-25 2017-02-02 Messer Group Gmbh Method for treating surfaces by means of a blasting medium consisting of dry ice particles
WO2017127935A1 (en) * 2016-01-27 2017-08-03 Coulson Ice Blast Ltd. Ice blasting system and method
AU2017210772B2 (en) * 2016-01-27 2019-05-09 Coulson Ice Blast Ltd. Ice blasting system and method
US10350729B2 (en) 2016-01-27 2019-07-16 Coulson Ice Blast Ltd. Ice blasting system and method
AU2017210772B9 (en) * 2016-01-27 2019-08-08 Coulson Ice Blast Ltd. Ice blasting system and method
RU174619U1 (en) * 2016-11-14 2017-10-23 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Рыбинский государственный авиационный технический университет имени П.А. Соловьева" DEVICE FOR CLEANING SURFACES OF GOODS BY ICE PARTICLES
CN110153399A (en) * 2017-12-25 2019-08-23 霍山县忠福机电科技有限公司 Cast cleaning jetting machine
WO2020000095A1 (en) * 2018-06-26 2020-01-02 Coulson Ice Blast Ltd. Ice blasting machine with dual-mode operation for water ice and dry ice
US11904324B2 (en) 2018-06-26 2024-02-20 Coulson Ice Blast Ltd. Ice blasting machine with dual-mode operation for water ice and dry ice

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3873271D1 (en) 1992-09-03
EP0316264A3 (en) 1989-12-13
ATE78744T1 (en) 1992-08-15
EP0316264B1 (en) 1992-07-29
DE3738246A1 (en) 1989-05-24

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