EP0297024B1 - Verfahren zum Härten eines Hohlkörpers - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Härten eines Hohlkörpers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0297024B1 EP0297024B1 EP88730110A EP88730110A EP0297024B1 EP 0297024 B1 EP0297024 B1 EP 0297024B1 EP 88730110 A EP88730110 A EP 88730110A EP 88730110 A EP88730110 A EP 88730110A EP 0297024 B1 EP0297024 B1 EP 0297024B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- speed
- container
- starting temperature
- cooling
- hollow article
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 32
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
- C21D9/085—Cooling or quenching
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for hardening a cylindrical hollow body (e.g. containers, pipes) made of steel in a coolant bath, in particular in a water bath, as part of a heat treatment.
- a cylindrical hollow body e.g. containers, pipes
- the heated hollow body which is aligned with its longitudinal axis parallel to the bath level of the coolant, dips only with a part of its surface into the coolant bath and rotates about its longitudinal axis.
- the speed of the container to be cooled is kept constant in this process and its height is adjusted so that a maximum cooling rate is achieved if possible.
- a predetermined value near the start of the martensite transformation e.g. 315 ° C
- the container is lifted out of the cooling water bath and slowly cools down in air in more than 50 minutes.
- the possibility of reducing the total time required for the cooling process by simply extending the cooling treatment in a water bath often leads to the occurrence of hard cracks in the known method and thus to the production of rejects, and is therefore not practicable.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object to improve the above-described method for hardening cylindrical hollow bodies so that the cooling times are reduced, in particular at the end of the cooling process, a uniform and gentle cooling of the hollow body is guaranteed and the hollow body also in the area of thicker walls is cooled evenly at its ends.
- the inventive method which is first explained using the example of containers, provides that the rotation of the container in the coolant bath is carried out depending on the surface temperature of the container with changing speed in such a way that the speed after reaching the temperature at which the formation of martensite begins (martensite start temperature), compared to the speed in the previous part of the cooling is significantly increased.
- This means that the cooling carried out in the coolant bath is practically carried out in two time sections with different cooling speeds, which are differentiated from one another by reaching the martensite starting temperature. In the first section, the container is cooled as quickly as possible to prevent the formation of undesirable structural components.
- the speed of rotation of the container is increased to initiate the second cooling phase, so cooling in the coolant bath is not ended, as in the prior art, and cooling continues in air.
- Such an increase in the speed surprisingly leads to a slowdown in the heat dissipation and thus to a more gentle cooling of the container, so that the formation of hard cracks in the container wall can be avoided.
- the speed can be increased gradually as the martensite start temperature approaches, so that if the martensite start temperature falls below, it is ensured in any case that the cooling rate is reduced to the required level.
- the cooling in the liquid bath takes place at a reduced cooling rate as soon as the martensite start temperature has been reached or fallen below.
- the invention is based on the following effect: If a rotating hot container is immersed in water, the vapor skin which forms is destroyed as a result of the relative speed between the container surface and the coolant, or at least its formation becomes difficult. If the speed of the container is increased, the cycle time in which a single surface element is brought back into contact with the coolant is shortened, but at the same time air is also torn into the coolant. This reduces the cooling effect of the coolant, so that optimal speeds can be determined, by means of which either high cooling intensities can be achieved or the quenching speed can be reduced (by increasing the speed).
- the speed should also be increased at least twice to about five times the initial speed.
- Such a procedure reduces the temperature difference over the wall thickness, so that the temperature of the inside of the container is lower when the martensite start temperature is reached on the outside of the container. If the quenching intensity is then reduced in order to avoid cracks during the martensite conversion, more favorable conditions result on the inside due to the lower temperature in order to also produce a 100% martensite structure there.
- a steel container with a diameter of 224 mm rotating about its longitudinal axis was cooled by immersing it in a water bath 80 mm parallel to its longitudinal axis.
- the immersion speed was slow enough to prevent the quenching effect from entrained air from being significantly reduced.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
- Dowels (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT88730110T ATE65802T1 (de) | 1987-06-26 | 1988-05-10 | Verfahren zum haerten eines hohlkoerpers. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3721665A DE3721665C1 (de) | 1987-06-26 | 1987-06-26 | Verfahren zum Haerten eines Hohlkoerpers |
| DE3721665 | 1987-06-26 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0297024A1 EP0297024A1 (de) | 1988-12-28 |
| EP0297024B1 true EP0297024B1 (de) | 1991-07-31 |
Family
ID=6330630
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88730110A Expired - Lifetime EP0297024B1 (de) | 1987-06-26 | 1988-05-10 | Verfahren zum Härten eines Hohlkörpers |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4900376A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| EP (1) | EP0297024B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| JP (1) | JPS6417822A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| AT (1) | ATE65802T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| CA (1) | CA1310891C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE3721665C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| ES (1) | ES2023712B3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3929829A1 (de) * | 1988-03-18 | 1991-03-07 | Mannesmann Ag | Verfahren zum abkuehlen eines zylindrischen hohlkoerpers |
| DE3900995A1 (de) * | 1988-06-01 | 1990-07-12 | Mannesmann Ag | Verfahren zum haerten eines zylindrischen hohlkoerpers |
| DE3818878A1 (de) * | 1988-06-01 | 1989-12-07 | Mannesmann Ag | Verfahren zum haerten eines zylindrischen hohlkoerpers aus stahl |
| DE3914218C2 (de) * | 1989-04-27 | 1994-08-18 | Mannesmann Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abschrecken eines metallischen langgestreckten, zylindrischen Körpers |
| DE4003363C1 (en) * | 1990-02-05 | 1991-03-28 | Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Ges.M.B.H., Linz, At | Hardening rails from rolling temp. - using appts. with manipulator engaging rail from exit roller table with support arms positioned pivotably on each side |
| US6539765B2 (en) | 2001-03-28 | 2003-04-01 | Gary Gates | Rotary forging and quenching apparatus and method |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1433721A1 (de) * | 1962-12-22 | 1969-02-20 | Allg Elek Citaets Ges Aeg Tele | Verfahren zum Oberflaechenhaerten von rotationssymmetrischen Stahlgegenstaenden |
| US3556877A (en) * | 1967-04-03 | 1971-01-19 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Method for hardening a tubular shaped structure |
| US3944446A (en) * | 1975-05-22 | 1976-03-16 | Park-Ohio Industries, Inc. | Method of inductively heating and quench hardening camshafts |
| FR2462480A1 (fr) * | 1979-08-03 | 1981-02-13 | Pont A Mousson | Procede et installation pour la manutention de tuyaux en fonte ou de tubes d'acier au cours de leur traitement thermique |
| JPS5853695B2 (ja) * | 1980-01-16 | 1983-11-30 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 鋼管の冷却方法 |
| JPH113323A (ja) * | 1997-06-10 | 1999-01-06 | Nec Software Ltd | ジョブ実行の負荷分散装置 |
-
1987
- 1987-06-26 DE DE3721665A patent/DE3721665C1/de not_active Expired
-
1988
- 1988-05-10 AT AT88730110T patent/ATE65802T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-05-10 EP EP88730110A patent/EP0297024B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-10 ES ES88730110T patent/ES2023712B3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-06-14 JP JP63146684A patent/JPS6417822A/ja active Granted
- 1988-06-22 US US07/210,077 patent/US4900376A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-06-24 CA CA000570439A patent/CA1310891C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE65802T1 (de) | 1991-08-15 |
| CA1310891C (en) | 1992-12-01 |
| DE3721665C1 (de) | 1988-04-14 |
| US4900376A (en) | 1990-02-13 |
| JPH048487B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1992-02-17 |
| EP0297024A1 (de) | 1988-12-28 |
| ES2023712B3 (es) | 1992-02-01 |
| JPS6417822A (en) | 1989-01-20 |
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