EP0295176A1 - Pneumatically actuated valve and a hydropneumatic accumulator with such a valve - Google Patents

Pneumatically actuated valve and a hydropneumatic accumulator with such a valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0295176A1
EP0295176A1 EP88401367A EP88401367A EP0295176A1 EP 0295176 A1 EP0295176 A1 EP 0295176A1 EP 88401367 A EP88401367 A EP 88401367A EP 88401367 A EP88401367 A EP 88401367A EP 0295176 A1 EP0295176 A1 EP 0295176A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
pipe
reservoir
accumulator
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88401367A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Carlo Corbellini
Alain Gallon
Henri Masson
Philippe Richard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA filed Critical Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Publication of EP0295176A1 publication Critical patent/EP0295176A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
    • B67D7/02—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes for transferring liquids other than fuel or lubricants
    • B67D7/0238—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes for transferring liquids other than fuel or lubricants utilising compressed air or other gas acting directly or indirectly on liquids in storage containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67C—CLEANING, FILLING WITH LIQUIDS OR SEMILIQUIDS, OR EMPTYING, OF BOTTLES, JARS, CANS, CASKS, BARRELS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; FUNNELS
    • B67C3/00—Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus; Filling casks or barrels with liquids or semiliquids
    • B67C3/02—Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus
    • B67C3/06—Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus using counterpressure, i.e. filling while the container is under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/04—Accumulators
    • F15B1/08—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/04—Accumulators
    • F15B1/08—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor
    • F15B1/10—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor with flexible separating means
    • F15B1/18—Anti-extrusion means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/20—Accumulator cushioning means
    • F15B2201/205—Accumulator cushioning means using gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/315—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means
    • F15B2201/3152—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means the flexible separating means being bladders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/40—Constructional details of accumulators not otherwise provided for
    • F15B2201/41—Liquid ports
    • F15B2201/411—Liquid ports having valve means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/40—Constructional details of accumulators not otherwise provided for
    • F15B2201/415—Gas ports
    • F15B2201/4155—Gas ports having valve means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pneumatically operated valve. It also relates to a hydropneumatic accumulator equipped with this valve.
  • valves consists in obstructing a pipe conveying fluid in the event of a drop in its pressure. These valves are terminated by a rod and slide radially in the pipeline; a spring surrounds the rod and pushes the valve so as to obstruct it, which effectively takes place when the pressure of the fluid can no longer counteract the action of the spring.
  • the valve device in fact comprises a small reservoir whose capacity is divided into two parts by an elastic membrane; one is filled with gas, the other with fluid flowing in the pipeline.
  • the membrane tightens under the effect of the gas expansion and ends up reaching a valve and pushing it back until obstruction occurs.
  • German patent 36 09 534 which describes a device whose appearance resembles that of the invention, but which is not a valve but an accumulator intended to supply at low pressure the fluid of a reserve to a downstream pipe while preventing the return of the reserve fluid in the upstream pipe, as well as wear of a seat resulting from oscillations and shocks of a ball in the event of fluctuations in the supply pressure.
  • This accumulator therefore comprises a piston, a ball, a spring between the piston and the ball, a ball stop sleeve and a spring between the seat and the sleeve, which constitutes a more complicated design than the invention, but essential. to solve the problem.
  • An object of the invention is however to eliminate any flow of fluid at low pressure.
  • the valve according to the invention is particularly advantageous for hydropneumatic accumulators known as nitrogen overhead, the liquid content of which is pressurized by a gas supply pipe opening into the accumulator tank: the gas supply circuit can also be used for the valve reservoir without excessive complication; moreover, an emptying of the accumulator is sought as far as possible without however risking blowing gas into the pipeline, and it is therefore necessary to know with great precision the liquid pressure corresponding to the closing of the valve.
  • the invention firstly relates to a pneumatically controlled valve installed on a fluid pipe, comprising a reservoir, an elastic membrane contained in the reservoir and delimiting therein a first and a second variable volume, the first volume being filled with gas and the second volume communicating with the pipeline, a connection communicating the second volume with the fluid pipeline, characterized in that it comprises a piston sliding in the connection and capable of occupying, when the pressure in the pipe falls below a determined value, a closed position where it is in contact at one end with the membrane and discharged by it under the pressure of the gas filling the first volume and where it prevents the fluid from circulating in obstructing by an opposite end a fluid circulation orifice by resting on a seat established around the orifice.
  • the piston comprises a rod terminated by two opposite heads, the rod sliding in the connection, the diaphragm pushing back the piston by contact with one of the heads and the second head resting, in the closed position, on the seat established around the orifice for circulation of the fluid in the pipe.
  • the invention also relates to a hydropneumatic accumulator equipped with such a valve and further comprising a reservoir of larger dimensions than that of the valve, pierced with an orifice for introducing inert gas, the liquid circulating in the pipeline being contained in the bottom of the accumulator tank and pressurized by inert gas.
  • the valve assembly 1 firstly consists of a reservoir 2 pierced at one end of an orifice 3 allowing a pipe 4 for supplying gas from open into the reservoir 2.
  • the reservoir 2 is provided, opposite the orifice 3, with a connection 5 with a fluid pipe 6 comprising an upstream part 6a and that the valve must be able to obstruct.
  • the reservoir 2 is divided into two variable volumes Vg and Vf separated by an elastic deformable membrane 7.
  • the orifice 3 opens into the volume Vg while the connection 5 is crossed by another orifice 8 which opens both into the pipe 6 and in the other volume Vf.
  • the valve 1 also comprises a piston 9 composed of a rod 10 and two heads 11 and 12 at its two ends.
  • the piston 9 slides in the orifice 8 of the connection 5 using a frame 13 which is installed in the orifice 8 and which holds the rod 9 radially in place in rings 18 supported by spacers 19 linked to the connection 5. There is therefore a radial gap between the rod 9 and the connection 5, which allows the liquid contained in the pipe 6 to enter the volume Vf.
  • a first head 11 of the piston 9 performs a back-and-forth translation movement in the volume Vf, and the other head 12 performs a corresponding translation inside the pipe 6.
  • the translation of the piston 9 is however limited by a seat 14, established around an orifice in the pipe 6 upstream of the valve 1 and referenced 15, on which the second head 12 is capable of bearing in a so-called closed position, during which the head 12 completely obstructs the orifice 15 of the pipe 6 and therefore prevents the fluid present in this pipe from circulating.
  • a sealed support for the second head 12 can be provided by a projection 17 in a thin ring concentric with the orifice 15 and which makes contact with the seat 14.
  • the piston 9 can be provided with a return spring 16, taking for example support on the frame 13 and pressing the first head 11 which exerts on the piston 9 a push tending to move it away from the closed position.
  • the first head 11 comprises a convex convex surface 20 on the side of the membrane 7, and a cylindrical surface 21 notched with a groove for a seal 22. Its shape allows it to be able to be inserted into a recess 23 of the connection 5 which constitutes a transition between the orifice 8 and the volume Vf; this recess comprises a cylindrical surface 24 of diameter slightly greater than that of the cylindrical surface 21 of the first head 11, against which the seal 22 can rub.
  • the valve 1 is here inside a hydropneumatic accumulator 25 with nitrogen sky constituted by a second reservoir 26, of dimensions much larger than those of the reservoir 2 of the valve 1, and which is pierced with three orifices: an upper orifice 27 for introducing inert gas inside the tank 26, a lower orifice 28 through which the pipe 6 opens to the outside of the tank 26, and a third orifice 29 allowing the gas supply pipe 4 in the valve 1 to cross the reservoir 26.
  • the same gas can be chosen to fill the two tanks, for example nitrogen, and the gas supply pipes to the tank 2 of the valve 1 and the introduction of gas into the tank 26 of the accumulator 25 (the latter being referenced by 30) can be joined in a single pipe 31 outside the accumulator 25.
  • the three pipes 4, 30 and 31 are respectively provided with valves 32, 33 and 34 allowing the gas to flow in both directions.
  • the liquid line 6 is also provided with a valve referenced 35 outside the reservoir 26 of the accumulator 25 allowing the circulation of liquid in both directions or the obstruction of the line 6.
  • the accumulator 25 is shown approximately filled with liquid, up to a level 39, and this liquid is pressurized by blowing nitrogen in the lines 4 and 30 opening into the two tanks 2 and 26.
  • the membrane 7 takes a shape where it is partially detached from the wall of the tank 2 and is not in contact with the convex convex surface 20 of the first head 11 of the piston 9.
  • the spring 16 therefore repels the piston 9 towards the inside of the tank 2, here upwards, and the liquid filling the tank 26 of the accumulator 25 also fills the volume Vf.
  • the second head 12 of the piston 9 is detached from the seat 14, so that the pipe 6 is only blocked by the valve 35.
  • the pressure of the gas present in the reservoir 26 decreases, and reaches the pre-inflation pressure of the diaphragm 7 of the valve, the expansion of which is limited, so that a large downward force is exerted through the diaphragm. 7 on the first head 11 of the piston 9, sufficient to close the piston 9 and overcome the pressure of the fluid at the inlet of the orifice 15 and the force of the return spring 16.
  • the thin crown 17 of the second head 12 of the piston 9 comes into contact with the seat 14 and completely obstructs the orifice 15 of the pipe 6. The flow out of the accumulator 25 is stopped, and the nitrogen remains trapped there.
  • this accumulator 25 is possible and can take place - the valve 35 of the pipe 6 being open by first opening the valves 32 and 34 of the pipes 4 and 31 so as to allow the membrane 7 to deflate.
  • the piston 9 is then pushed upwards using the spring 16 and the residual pressure in the reservoir 26 of the accumulator 25.
  • the valve 33 of the pipe 30 is then opened so as to reduce the pressure in the reservoir 26 and to be able to fill it more conveniently with liquid using a pump disposed at the outlet of the pipe 6.
  • the membrane 7 can be inflated, close the valve 32, then pressurize the liquid in the reservoir 26 by injecting nitrogen through the pipe 30, and finally close the valves 33 and 34.
  • the valve 1 according to the invention can also be arranged in different ways with respect to the accumulator 25. It is for example possible to have it outside of it. This is what FIG. 4 represents. However, it works exactly as in the example given above and will therefore not be described in detail here. On the other hand, it should be noted that this construction makes it unnecessary to pierce the reservoir 26 of the accumulator 25 in order to pass the pipe 4 there, which here remains entirely exterior.
  • the valve 1 can be securely and simply held on the accumulator 25 if it is provided with a flange 40 screwable on a circular surface 41 established around an orifice 42 for the outlet of the liquid through the wall of the reservoir 26. This arrangement makes it possible to interpose, according to an advantageous characteristic, a safety valve 43 between the flange 40 and the bearing 41. It is then possible to dismantle the valve 1 and possibly to replace it without having to completely empty the accumulator 25.
  • the advantage of the seal 22 is to facilitate the filling of the accumulator 25 by the pipe 6.
  • the seal 22 rubs against the cylindrical surface 24 of the recess 23 and therefore prevents the liquid to immediately penetrate into the volume Vf, which would result in a pressure on the convex surface 20 opposing the detachment of the piston 9. It can then be envisaged to remove the return spring 16.
  • Another means of ensuring filling in a safe manner consists in carrying it out by a bypass line 44, provided with a valve 45 and opening out between the orifice 15 and the reservoir 26 of the accumulator 25.
  • the membrane 7 is an ovoid bladder at rest which, as shown in Figure 2, is similar in shape to the tank 2 and only slightly smaller dimensions.
  • the membrane 7 is fixed to the reservoir 2 near the connection 3 of the pipe 4. During its expansion, the membrane 7 undergoes only a slight radial and axial expansion so as to conform to the internal shape of the reservoir 2 and of the first head 11, but this expansion is limited, which means that the stresses suffered by the membrane 7 remain unimportant.
  • a similar advantage would be offered by a tank 2 in the form of a short cylinder occupied by a taut median circular membrane, the clearance of which would thus be limited to a small amplitude.
  • valve according to the invention compared to the valve of the prior art, which ensures the closing of the pipe in the event of depressurization using a calibrated spring, is first of all due to the perfectly known nature gas whose volume occupied can be determined as a function of pressure and temperature, while the behavior of a spring is difficult to know with precision, especially since it can vary over time in the event of corrosion and creep.
  • a second important advantage consists in that the triggering pressure of the valve 1 can be adjusted by varying the quantity of gas which fills the membrane 7.
  • valves can easily appear to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • use of such a valve is not limited to a hydropneumatic accumulator for which it nevertheless offers the additional advantage of being able to be supplied by the same gas circuit as the reservoir 26 of the accumulator. 25 and for which very high precision is desired, so as not to have to store too much liquid at the bottom of the reservoir 26 to avoid the risk of blowing gas into the pipe 6.
  • valve 1 can be used to interrupt the circulation of fluid in a hydraulic or pneumatic circuit as soon as the pressure of this fluid drops below a determined limit.
  • valve 1 plays the role of safety valve for a capacity, such as a tank 46.
  • the tank 46 is joined to the outside by the 'Intermediate of the pipe 6, with the interposition of the valve 1 according to the invention.
  • Two valves 47 and 48 placed on either side of the valve 1, respectively between the tank 46 and the valve, and between the valve and the part of the pipe 6 connected to the outside, make it possible to dismantle the valve, without loss of pressure in the tank 46, by means of two flanges 49 and 50 placed on a pipe 6, between the valve 1 and, respectively, the valves 47 and 48.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)

Abstract

Pneumatic valve (1) and accumulator (25) equipped with this valve (1). The valve (1) comprises a small reservoir (2) containing a diaphragm (7) and a piston (9). The diaphragm (7) contains gas. When the pressure of the fluid filling a duct (6), here arranged at the outlet of an accumulator (25) topped with nitrogen, falls, the diaphragm (7) expands and pushes a head (11) of the piston (9) so as to obstruct the duct (6). The system is adjustable and reversible. General application to hydraulic or pneumatic circuits. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un clapet à commande pneumatique. Elle a également pour objet un accumulateur hydropneumatique équipé de ce clapet.The present invention relates to a pneumatically operated valve. It also relates to a hydropneumatic accumulator equipped with this valve.

Le but de certains clapets consiste à obstruer une canalisation véhiculant du fluide en cas de chute de sa pression. Ces clapets sont terminés par une tige et coulissent radialement dans la canalisation ; un ressort entoure la tige et repousse le clapet de manière réaliser l'obstruction, ce qui a effectivement lieu lorsque la pression du fluide ne peut plus contrecarrer l'action du ressort.The purpose of certain valves consists in obstructing a pipe conveying fluid in the event of a drop in its pressure. These valves are terminated by a rod and slide radially in the pipeline; a spring surrounds the rod and pushes the valve so as to obstruct it, which effectively takes place when the pressure of the fluid can no longer counteract the action of the spring.

Les inconvénients de tels clapets sont essentiellement l'impossibilité de les régler et l'incertitude du comportement des ressorts sur une longue durée de vie ; dans le cas des pressions de tarage importantes, s'y ajoute l'encombrement du ressort, donc du clapet. C'est pourquoi on propose ici un dispositif différent qui évite ces caractéristiques désavantageuses.The disadvantages of such valves are essentially the impossibility of regulating them and the uncertainty of the behavior of the springs over a long service life; in the case of large setting pressures, the size of the spring, and therefore of the valve, is added to it. This is why a different device is proposed here which avoids these disadvantageous characteristics.

Le dispositif de clapet selon l'invention comprend en effet un petit réservoir dont la capacité est divisée en deux parties par une membrane élastique ; l'une est remplie de gaz, l'autre de fluide circulant dans la canalisation. Quand la pression diminue, la membrane se tend sous l'effet de la dilatation du gaz et finit par atteindre une soupape et la refouler jusqu'à réaliser l'obstruction.The valve device according to the invention in fact comprises a small reservoir whose capacity is divided into two parts by an elastic membrane; one is filled with gas, the other with fluid flowing in the pipeline. When the pressure decreases, the membrane tightens under the effect of the gas expansion and ends up reaching a valve and pushing it back until obstruction occurs.

Il faut signaler l'existence du brevet allemand 36 09 534 qui décrit un dispositif dont l'allure ressemble à celle de l'invention, mais qui n'est pas un clapet mais un accumulateur destiné à fournir à basse pression le fluide d'une réserve à une canalisation aval tout en évitant le retour du fluide de réserve dans la canalisation amont, ainsi que l'usure d'un siège résultant d'oscillations et de chocs d'une bille en cas de fluctuations de la pression d'alimentation. Cet accumulateur comprend donc un piston, une bille, un ressort entre le piston et la bille, une douille de butée de la bille et un ressort entre le siège et la douille, ce qui constitue une conception plus compliquée que l'invention, mais essentielle pour résoudre le problème posé.It should be noted the existence of German patent 36 09 534 which describes a device whose appearance resembles that of the invention, but which is not a valve but an accumulator intended to supply at low pressure the fluid of a reserve to a downstream pipe while preventing the return of the reserve fluid in the upstream pipe, as well as wear of a seat resulting from oscillations and shocks of a ball in the event of fluctuations in the supply pressure. This accumulator therefore comprises a piston, a ball, a spring between the piston and the ball, a ball stop sleeve and a spring between the seat and the sleeve, which constitutes a more complicated design than the invention, but essential. to solve the problem.

Un objet de l'invention est par contre d'éliminer tout écoulement de fluide à basse pression.An object of the invention is however to eliminate any flow of fluid at low pressure.

Le clapet selon l'invention est particulièrement avantageux pour des accumulateurs hydropneumatiques dits à ciel d'azote, dont le contenu liquide est pressurisé par une conduite d'amenée de gaz débouchant dans le réservoir de l'accumulateur: le circuit d'alimentation en gaz peut être utilisé également pour le réservoir du clapet sans complication excessive ; par ailleurs, on recherche un vidage aussi poussé que possible de l'accumulateur sans cependant risquer d'insuffler du gaz dans la canalisation, et il faut donc connaître avec une grande précision la pression liquide correspondant à la fermeture du clapet.The valve according to the invention is particularly advantageous for hydropneumatic accumulators known as nitrogen overhead, the liquid content of which is pressurized by a gas supply pipe opening into the accumulator tank: the gas supply circuit can also be used for the valve reservoir without excessive complication; moreover, an emptying of the accumulator is sought as far as possible without however risking blowing gas into the pipeline, and it is therefore necessary to know with great precision the liquid pressure corresponding to the closing of the valve.

Plus précisément, l'invention a tout d'abord pour objet un clapet à commande pneumatique installé sur une canalisation de fluide, comprenant un réservoir, une membrane élastique contenue dans le réservoir et y délimitant un premier et un second volumes variables, le premier volume étant empli de gaz et le second volume communiquant avec la canalisation, un raccordement faisant communiquer le second volume avec la canalisation de fluide, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un piston coulissant dans le raccordement et susceptible d'occuper, quand la pression dans la canalisation chute au-dessous d'une valeur déterminée, une position de fermeture où il est en contact par une extrémité avec la membrane et refoulé par celle-ci sous la pression du gaz emplissant le premier volume et où il empêche le fluide de circuler en obstruant par une extrémité opposée un orifice de circulation du fluide en s'appuyant sur un siège établi autour de l'orifice.More specifically, the invention firstly relates to a pneumatically controlled valve installed on a fluid pipe, comprising a reservoir, an elastic membrane contained in the reservoir and delimiting therein a first and a second variable volume, the first volume being filled with gas and the second volume communicating with the pipeline, a connection communicating the second volume with the fluid pipeline, characterized in that it comprises a piston sliding in the connection and capable of occupying, when the pressure in the pipe falls below a determined value, a closed position where it is in contact at one end with the membrane and discharged by it under the pressure of the gas filling the first volume and where it prevents the fluid from circulating in obstructing by an opposite end a fluid circulation orifice by resting on a seat established around the orifice.

Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, le piston comprend une tige terminée par deux têtes opposées, la tige coulissant dans le raccordement, la membrane refoulant le piston par contact avec une des têtes et la seconde tête s'appuyant, en position de fermeture, sur le siège établi autour de l'orifice de circulation du fluide dans la canalisation.In a preferred embodiment, the piston comprises a rod terminated by two opposite heads, the rod sliding in the connection, the diaphragm pushing back the piston by contact with one of the heads and the second head resting, in the closed position, on the seat established around the orifice for circulation of the fluid in the pipe.

L'invention a également pour objet un accumulateur hydropneumatique équipé d'un tel clapet et comprenant en outre un réservoir de plus grandes dimensions que celui du clapet, percé d'un orifice d'introduction de gaz inerte, le liquide circulant dans la canalisation étant contenu dans le bas du réservoir de l'accumulateur et pressurisé par le gaz inerte.The invention also relates to a hydropneumatic accumulator equipped with such a valve and further comprising a reservoir of larger dimensions than that of the valve, pierced with an orifice for introducing inert gas, the liquid circulating in the pipeline being contained in the bottom of the accumulator tank and pressurized by inert gas.

D'autres caractéristiques de l'invention vont apparaître d'après le commentaire des figures annexées et données à titre illustratif et non limitatif :

  • - la figure 1 représente un clapet selon l'invention ;
  • - les figures 2 et 3 représentent le clapet de la figure 1 équipant un accumulateur hydropneumatique dans deux états de fonctionnement différents ;
  • - la figure 4 représente une autre disposition possible du clapet par rapport à l'accumulateur.
  • - la figure 5 représente une autre application du clapet, en tant que soupape de sécurité évitant l'apparition d'une surpression dans une capacité.
Other characteristics of the invention will appear from the commentary to the appended figures which are given by way of illustration and not limitation:
  • - Figure 1 shows a valve according to the invention;
  • - Figures 2 and 3 show the valve of Figure 1 fitted to a hydropneumatic accumulator in two different operating states;
  • - Figure 4 shows another possible arrangement of the valve relative to the accumulator.
  • - Figure 5 shows another application of the valve, as a safety valve preventing the appearance of overpressure in a capacity.

On commente tout d'abord la figure 1. L'ensemble clapet 1 selon l'invention est tout d'abord constitué d'un réservoir 2 percé à une extrémité d'un orifice 3 permettant à une conduite 4 d'amenée de gaz de déboucher dans le réservoir 2. Le réservoir 2 est muni, à l'opposé de l'orifice 3, d'un raccordement 5 avec une canalisation de fluide 6 comportant une partie amont 6a et que le clapet doit pouvoir obstruer. Le réservoir 2 est partagé en deux volumes variables Vg et Vf séparés par une membrane déformable élastique 7. L'orifice 3 débouche dans le volume Vg alors que le raccordement 5 est traversé par un autre orifice 8 qui débouche à la fois dans la canalisation 6 et dans l'autre volume Vf.We first comment on FIG. 1. The valve assembly 1 according to the invention firstly consists of a reservoir 2 pierced at one end of an orifice 3 allowing a pipe 4 for supplying gas from open into the reservoir 2. The reservoir 2 is provided, opposite the orifice 3, with a connection 5 with a fluid pipe 6 comprising an upstream part 6a and that the valve must be able to obstruct. The reservoir 2 is divided into two variable volumes Vg and Vf separated by an elastic deformable membrane 7. The orifice 3 opens into the volume Vg while the connection 5 is crossed by another orifice 8 which opens both into the pipe 6 and in the other volume Vf.

Le clapet 1 comprend également un piston 9 composé d'une tige 10 et de deux têtes 11 et 12 à ses deux extrémités. Le piston 9 coulisse dans l'orifice 8 du raccordement 5 à l'aide d'une armature 13 qui est installée dans l'orifice 8 et qui maintient en place radialement la tige 9 dans des anneaux 18 soutenus par des entretoises 19 liées au raccordement 5. Il existe donc un intervalle radial entre la tige 9 et le raccordement 5, qui permet au liquide contenu dans la canalisation 6 de pénétrer dans le volume Vf.The valve 1 also comprises a piston 9 composed of a rod 10 and two heads 11 and 12 at its two ends. The piston 9 slides in the orifice 8 of the connection 5 using a frame 13 which is installed in the orifice 8 and which holds the rod 9 radially in place in rings 18 supported by spacers 19 linked to the connection 5. There is therefore a radial gap between the rod 9 and the connection 5, which allows the liquid contained in the pipe 6 to enter the volume Vf.

Une première tête 11 du piston 9 effectue un mouvement de translation de va-et-vient dans le volume Vf, et l'autre tête 12 effectue une translation correspondante à l'intérieur de la canalisation 6. La translation du piston 9 est toutefois limitée par un siège 14, établi autour d'un orifice de la canalisation 6 en amont du clapet 1 et référencé 15, sur lequel la seconde tête 12 est susceptible de s'appuyer dans une position dite de fermeture, au cours de laquelle la tête 12 obstrue complètement l'orifice 15 de la canalisation 6 et empêche donc le fluide présent dans cette canalisation de circuler.A first head 11 of the piston 9 performs a back-and-forth translation movement in the volume Vf, and the other head 12 performs a corresponding translation inside the pipe 6. The translation of the piston 9 is however limited by a seat 14, established around an orifice in the pipe 6 upstream of the valve 1 and referenced 15, on which the second head 12 is capable of bearing in a so-called closed position, during which the head 12 completely obstructs the orifice 15 of the pipe 6 and therefore prevents the fluid present in this pipe from circulating.

Un appui étanche de la seconde tête 12 peut être apporté par une saillie 17 en couronne mince concentrique à l'orifice 15 et qui réalise le contact avec le siège 14.A sealed support for the second head 12 can be provided by a projection 17 in a thin ring concentric with the orifice 15 and which makes contact with the seat 14.

Le piston 9 peut être muni d'un ressort de rappel 16, prenant par exemple appui sur l'armature 13 et pressant la première tête 11 qui exerce sur le piston 9 une poussée tendant à l'éloigner de la position de fermeture.The piston 9 can be provided with a return spring 16, taking for example support on the frame 13 and pressing the first head 11 which exerts on the piston 9 a push tending to move it away from the closed position.

La première tête 11 comprend une surface bombée convexe 20 du côté de la membrane 7, et une surface cylindrique 21 entaillée d'une gorge pour un joint 22. Sa forme lui permet de pouvoir s'enfoncer dans un évidement 23 du raccordement 5 qui constitue une transition entre l'orifice 8 et le volume Vf ; cet évidement comprend une surface cylindrique 24 de diamètre un peu supérieur à celui de la surface cylindrique 21 de la première tête 11, contre laquelle le joint 22 peut frotter.The first head 11 comprises a convex convex surface 20 on the side of the membrane 7, and a cylindrical surface 21 notched with a groove for a seal 22. Its shape allows it to be able to be inserted into a recess 23 of the connection 5 which constitutes a transition between the orifice 8 and the volume Vf; this recess comprises a cylindrical surface 24 of diameter slightly greater than that of the cylindrical surface 21 of the first head 11, against which the seal 22 can rub.

Le fonctionnement de ce clapet va être décrit en liaison avec une application privilégiée que l'on va maintenant décrire à l'aide des figures 2 et 3.The operation of this valve will be described in link with a privileged application which will now be described with the aid of FIGS. 2 and 3.

Le clapet 1 est ici à l'intérieur d'un accumulateur hydropneumatique 25 à ciel d'azote constitué d'un second réservoir 26, de dimensions beaucoup plus importantes que celles du réservoir 2 du clapet 1, et qui est percé de trois orifices : un orifice supérieur 27 d'introduction de gaz inerte à l'intérieur du réservoir 26, un orifice inférieur 28 par lequel la canalisation 6 débouche à l'extérieur du réservoir 26, et un troisième orifice 29 permettant à la conduite d'amenée de gaz 4 dans le clapet 1 de traverser le réservoir 26.The valve 1 is here inside a hydropneumatic accumulator 25 with nitrogen sky constituted by a second reservoir 26, of dimensions much larger than those of the reservoir 2 of the valve 1, and which is pierced with three orifices: an upper orifice 27 for introducing inert gas inside the tank 26, a lower orifice 28 through which the pipe 6 opens to the outside of the tank 26, and a third orifice 29 allowing the gas supply pipe 4 in the valve 1 to cross the reservoir 26.

Dans un but de simplification, on peut choisir le même gaz pour remplir les deux réservoirs, par exemple l'azote, et les conduites d'amenée de gaz dans le réservoir 2 du clapet 1 et d'introduction de gaz dans le réservoir 26 de l'accumulateur 25 (cette dernière étant référencée par 30) peuvent se rejoindre en une conduite unique 31 à l'extérieur de l'accumulateur 25. Les trois conduites 4, 30 et 31 sont respectivement munies de vannes 32, 33 et 34 permettant au gaz de circuler dans les deux sens.For the sake of simplification, the same gas can be chosen to fill the two tanks, for example nitrogen, and the gas supply pipes to the tank 2 of the valve 1 and the introduction of gas into the tank 26 of the accumulator 25 (the latter being referenced by 30) can be joined in a single pipe 31 outside the accumulator 25. The three pipes 4, 30 and 31 are respectively provided with valves 32, 33 and 34 allowing the gas to flow in both directions.

La canalisation 6 de liquide est également pourvue d'une vanne référencée 35 hors du réservoir 26 de l'accumulateur 25 permettant la circulation de liquide dans les deux sens ou l'obstruction de la conduite 6.The liquid line 6 is also provided with a valve referenced 35 outside the reservoir 26 of the accumulator 25 allowing the circulation of liquid in both directions or the obstruction of the line 6.

Sur la figure 2, on a représenté l'accumulateur 25 à peu prés rempli de liquide, jusqu'à un niveau 39, et on a mis ce liquide sous pression en insufflant de l'azote dans les conduites 4 et 30 débouchant dans les deux réservoirs 2 et 26. La membrane 7 prend une forme où elle est partiellement décollée de la paroi du réservoir 2 et n'est pas en contact avec la surface bombée convexe 20 de la première tête 11 du piston 9. Le ressort 16 repousse donc le piston 9 vers l'intérieur du réservoir 2, ici vers le haut, et le liquide emplissant le réservoir 26 de l'accumulateur 25 emplit également le volume Vf. La deuxième tête 12 du piston 9 est décollée du siège 14, si bien que la canalisation 6 n'est obstruée que par la vanne 35.In FIG. 2, the accumulator 25 is shown approximately filled with liquid, up to a level 39, and this liquid is pressurized by blowing nitrogen in the lines 4 and 30 opening into the two tanks 2 and 26. The membrane 7 takes a shape where it is partially detached from the wall of the tank 2 and is not in contact with the convex convex surface 20 of the first head 11 of the piston 9. The spring 16 therefore repels the piston 9 towards the inside of the tank 2, here upwards, and the liquid filling the tank 26 of the accumulator 25 also fills the volume Vf. The second head 12 of the piston 9 is detached from the seat 14, so that the pipe 6 is only blocked by the valve 35.

Des ouvertures successives de cette vanne 35 conduisent au vidage progressif du réservoir 26 de l'accumulateur 25. Le niveau 39 de liquide baisse constamment. Il en résulte que le volume gazeux s'accroît dans chacun des deux réservoirs 2 et 25. La membrane 7 se déforme progressivement, mais son expansion est arrêtée par la paroi du réservoir 2 du clapet 1, dont elle épouse la forme.Successive openings of this valve 35 lead to the progressive emptying of the reservoir 26 of the accumulator 25. The level 39 of liquid constantly decreases. As a result, the gas volume increases in each of the two reservoirs 2 and 25. The membrane 7 gradually deforms, but its expansion is stopped by the wall of the reservoir 2 of the valve 1, the shape of which it follows.

On arrive finalement à l'état représenté figure 3 : le réservoir 26 de l'accumulateur 25 est presque vidé de son liquide, et la canalisation 6 de sortie est sur le point d'être dénoyée. Le passage de gaz dans la canalisation 6 serait désastreux dans des applications où on doit disposer de liquide sous pression, telles que l'utilisation de réserve d'énergie de grande capacité, par exemple l'injection de secours, les ascenseurs, les compensateurs de houle.We finally arrive at the state shown in Figure 3: the reservoir 26 of the accumulator 25 is almost emptied of its liquid, and the outlet pipe 6 is about to be drained. The passage of gas in line 6 would be disastrous in applications where liquid under pressure must be available, such as the use of large capacity energy reserves, for example emergency injection, elevators, swell.

La pression du gaz présent dans le réservoir 26 diminue, et atteint la pression de prégonflage de la membrane 7 du clapet dont l'expansion est limitée, si bien qu'une force importante dirigée vers le bas est exercée par l'intermédiaire de la membrane 7 sur la première tête 11 du piston 9, suffisante pour refermer le piston 9 et surmonter la pression du fluide à l'entrée de l'orifice 15 et la force du ressort de rappel 16. La couronne mince 17 de la seconde tête 12 du piston 9 entre en contact avec le siège 14 et obstrue complètement l'orifice 15 de la canalisation 6. L'écoulement hors de l'accumulateur 25 est arrêté, et l'azote y reste emprisonné.The pressure of the gas present in the reservoir 26 decreases, and reaches the pre-inflation pressure of the diaphragm 7 of the valve, the expansion of which is limited, so that a large downward force is exerted through the diaphragm. 7 on the first head 11 of the piston 9, sufficient to close the piston 9 and overcome the pressure of the fluid at the inlet of the orifice 15 and the force of the return spring 16. The thin crown 17 of the second head 12 of the piston 9 comes into contact with the seat 14 and completely obstructs the orifice 15 of the pipe 6. The flow out of the accumulator 25 is stopped, and the nitrogen remains trapped there.

Le remplissage de cet accumulateur 25 est possible et peut s'effectuer -la vanne 35 de la canalisation 6 étant ouverte­en ouvrant tout d'abord les vannes 32 et 34 des conduites 4 et 31 de manière à laisser la membrane 7 se dégonfler. Le piston 9 est alors repoussé vers le haut à l'aide du ressort 16 et de la pression résiduelle dans le réservoir 26 de l'accumulateur 25. On ouvre alors la vanne 33 de la conduite 30 de manière à diminuer la pression dans le réservoir 26 et à pouvoir ainsi le remplir plus commodément de liquide à l'aide d'une pompe disposée à la sortie de la canalisation 6. Quand le remplissage est effectué, on peut procéder au gonflage de la membrane 7, fermer la vanne 32, puis pressuriser le liquide dans le réservoir 26 en injectant de l'azote par la canalisation 30, et finalement fermer les vannes 33 et 34.The filling of this accumulator 25 is possible and can take place - the valve 35 of the pipe 6 being open by first opening the valves 32 and 34 of the pipes 4 and 31 so as to allow the membrane 7 to deflate. The piston 9 is then pushed upwards using the spring 16 and the residual pressure in the reservoir 26 of the accumulator 25. The valve 33 of the pipe 30 is then opened so as to reduce the pressure in the reservoir 26 and to be able to fill it more conveniently with liquid using a pump disposed at the outlet of the pipe 6. When the filling is done, the membrane 7 can be inflated, close the valve 32, then pressurize the liquid in the reservoir 26 by injecting nitrogen through the pipe 30, and finally close the valves 33 and 34.

Le clapet 1 selon l'invention peut aussi être disposé de différentes manières par rapport à l'accumulateur 25. Il est par exemple possible de le disposer à l'extérieur de celui-ci. C'est ce que représente la figure 4. Il fonctionne cependant exactement comme dans l'exemple donné précédemment et ne sera donc pas décrit en détail ici. Il faut en revanche noter que cette construction rend inutile de percer le réservoir 26 de l'accumulateur 25 pour y faire passer la conduite 4 qui reste ici entièrement extérieure. Le clapet 1 peut ëtre solidement et simplement maintenu sur l'accumulateur 25 si on le pourvoit d'une bride 40 vissable sur une portée circulaire 41 établie autour d'un orifice 42 de sortie du liquide à travers la paroi du réservoir 26. Cette disposition permet d'intercaler, selon une caractéristique avantageuse, une vanne de sécurité 43 entre la bride 40 et la portée 41. Il est alors possible de démonter le clapet 1 et éventuellement de le remplacer sans devoir vider complètement l'accumulateur 25.The valve 1 according to the invention can also be arranged in different ways with respect to the accumulator 25. It is for example possible to have it outside of it. This is what FIG. 4 represents. However, it works exactly as in the example given above and will therefore not be described in detail here. On the other hand, it should be noted that this construction makes it unnecessary to pierce the reservoir 26 of the accumulator 25 in order to pass the pipe 4 there, which here remains entirely exterior. The valve 1 can be securely and simply held on the accumulator 25 if it is provided with a flange 40 screwable on a circular surface 41 established around an orifice 42 for the outlet of the liquid through the wall of the reservoir 26. This arrangement makes it possible to interpose, according to an advantageous characteristic, a safety valve 43 between the flange 40 and the bearing 41. It is then possible to dismantle the valve 1 and possibly to replace it without having to completely empty the accumulator 25.

L'intérêt du joint 22 est de faciliter le remplissage de l'accumulateur 25 par la canalisation 6. Quand le piston 9 est en contact avec le siège 14, le joint 22 frotte contre la surface cylindrique 24 de l'évidement 23 et empêche donc le liquide de pénétrer immédiatement dans le volume Vf, ce qui se traduirait par une pression sur la surface bombée 20 s'opposant au décollement du piston 9. On peut alors envisager de supprimer le ressort de rappel 16.The advantage of the seal 22 is to facilitate the filling of the accumulator 25 by the pipe 6. When the piston 9 is in contact with the seat 14, the seal 22 rubs against the cylindrical surface 24 of the recess 23 and therefore prevents the liquid to immediately penetrate into the volume Vf, which would result in a pressure on the convex surface 20 opposing the detachment of the piston 9. It can then be envisaged to remove the return spring 16.

Un autre moyen d'assurer le remplissage de façon sûre consiste à l'effectuer par une conduite de dérivation 44, munie d'une vanne 45 et débouchant entre l'orifice de canalisation 15 et le réservoir 26 de l'accumulateur 25.Another means of ensuring filling in a safe manner consists in carrying it out by a bypass line 44, provided with a valve 45 and opening out between the orifice 15 and the reservoir 26 of the accumulator 25.

Avantageusement, la membrane 7 est une vessie ovoïde au repos qui, comme on l'a représenté figure 2, est de forme analogue au réservoir 2 et de dimensions seulement légèrement inférieures. La membrane 7 est fixée au réservoir 2 à proximité du raccordement 3 de la canalisation 4. Lors de son expansion, la membrane 7 ne subit qu'une légère dilatation radiale et axiale de manière à épouser la forme interne du réservoir 2 et de la première tête 11, mais cette dilatation est limitée, ce qui fait que les contraintes subies par la membrane 7 restent peu importantes.Advantageously, the membrane 7 is an ovoid bladder at rest which, as shown in Figure 2, is similar in shape to the tank 2 and only slightly smaller dimensions. The membrane 7 is fixed to the reservoir 2 near the connection 3 of the pipe 4. During its expansion, the membrane 7 undergoes only a slight radial and axial expansion so as to conform to the internal shape of the reservoir 2 and of the first head 11, but this expansion is limited, which means that the stresses suffered by the membrane 7 remain unimportant.

Un avantage semblable serait offert par un réservoir 2 en forme de cylindre court et occupé par une membrane circulaire médiane tendue dont le débattement serait ainsi limité à une faible amplitude.A similar advantage would be offered by a tank 2 in the form of a short cylinder occupied by a taut median circular membrane, the clearance of which would thus be limited to a small amplitude.

L'avantage du clapet selon l'invention par rapport au clapet de l'art antérieur, qui assure la fermeture de la canalisation en cas de dépressurisation à l'aide d'un ressort taré, tient tout d'abord à la nature parfaitement connue du gaz dont on peut déterminer le volume occupé en fonction de la pression et de la température, alors que le comportement d'un ressort est difficile à connaître avec précision, d'autant plus qu'il peut varier dans le temps en cas notamment de corrosion et de fluage. Un deuxième avantage important consiste en ce qu'on peut régler la pression de déclenchement du clapet 1 en faisant varier la quantité de gaz qui emplit la membrane 7.The advantage of the valve according to the invention compared to the valve of the prior art, which ensures the closing of the pipe in the event of depressurization using a calibrated spring, is first of all due to the perfectly known nature gas whose volume occupied can be determined as a function of pressure and temperature, while the behavior of a spring is difficult to know with precision, especially since it can vary over time in the event of corrosion and creep. A second important advantage consists in that the triggering pressure of the valve 1 can be adjusted by varying the quantity of gas which fills the membrane 7.

D'autres modifications de ce clapet peuvent apparaître facilement à l'homme de l'art sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. De même, il est clair que l'utilisation d'un tel clapet n'est pas limitée à un accumulateur hydropneumatique pour lequel il offre cependant l'avantage supplémentaire de pouvoir être alimenté par le même circuit gazeux que le réservoir 26 de l'accumulateur 25 et pour lequel une très grande précision est souhaitée, de manière à ne pas devoir conserver trop de liquide en bas du réservoir 26 pour éviter le risque d'insuffler du gaz dans la canalisation 6.Other modifications of this valve can easily appear to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Likewise, it is clear that the use of such a valve is not limited to a hydropneumatic accumulator for which it nevertheless offers the additional advantage of being able to be supplied by the same gas circuit as the reservoir 26 of the accumulator. 25 and for which very high precision is desired, so as not to have to store too much liquid at the bottom of the reservoir 26 to avoid the risk of blowing gas into the pipe 6.

D'une façon générale, le clapet 1 peut être utilisé pour interrompre la circulation de fluide dans un circuit hydraulique ou pneumatique dès que la pression de ce fluide baisse en-dessous d'une limite déterminée.Generally, valve 1 can be used to interrupt the circulation of fluid in a hydraulic or pneumatic circuit as soon as the pressure of this fluid drops below a determined limit.

C'est le cas de l'application représentée en figure 5 où le clapet 1 joue le rôle de soupape de sécurité pour une capacité, telle qu'un réservoir 46. Dans ce cas, le réservoir 46 est réuni à l'extérieur par l'intermédiaire de la canalisation 6, avec interposition du clapet 1 selon l'invention. Deux vannes 47 et 48, placées de part de d'autre du clapet 1, respectivement entre le réservoir 46 et le clapet, et entre le clapet et la partie de la canalisation 6 raccordée à l'extérieur, permettent de démonter la soupape, sans perte de pression dans le réservoir 46, par l'intermédiaire de deux brides 49 et 50 placées sur une canalisation 6, entre le clapet 1 et, respectivement, les vannes 47 et 48.This is the case of the application represented in FIG. 5 where the valve 1 plays the role of safety valve for a capacity, such as a tank 46. In this case, the tank 46 is joined to the outside by the 'Intermediate of the pipe 6, with the interposition of the valve 1 according to the invention. Two valves 47 and 48, placed on either side of the valve 1, respectively between the tank 46 and the valve, and between the valve and the part of the pipe 6 connected to the outside, make it possible to dismantle the valve, without loss of pressure in the tank 46, by means of two flanges 49 and 50 placed on a pipe 6, between the valve 1 and, respectively, the valves 47 and 48.

Claims (9)

1. Clapet (1) à commande pneumatique installé sur une canalisation (6) de fluide comprenant un réservoir (2), une membrane élastique (7) contenue dans le réservoir (2) et y délimitant un premier et un second volumes variables (Vg, Vf), le premier volume (Vg) étant rempli de gaz et le second volume (Vf) communiquant avec la canalisation (6), un raccordement (5) faisant communiquer le second volume (Vf) avec la canalisation (6) de fluide, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un piston (9) coulissant dans le raccordement (5) et susceptible d'occuper, quand la pression dans la canalisation (6) chute au-dessous d'une valeur déterminée, une position de fermeture où il est en contact par une extrémité avec la membrane (7) et refoulé par celle-ci sous la pression du gaz emplissant le premier volume (Vg) et où il empêche le fluide de circuler en obstruant par une extrémité opposée un orifice (15) de circulation du fluide en s'appuyant sur un siège (15) établi autour de l'orifice.1. Pneumatically operated valve (1) installed on a fluid pipe (6) comprising a reservoir (2), an elastic membrane (7) contained in the reservoir (2) and delimiting therein a first and a second variable volume (Vg , Vf), the first volume (Vg) being filled with gas and the second volume (Vf) communicating with the pipeline (6), a connection (5) making the second volume (Vf) communicate with the fluid pipeline (6) , characterized in that it comprises a piston (9) sliding in the connection (5) and capable of occupying, when the pressure in the pipe (6) drops below a determined value, a closed position where it is in contact at one end with the membrane (7) and discharged by the latter under the pressure of the gas filling the first volume (Vg) and where it prevents the fluid from circulating by obstructing an orifice (15) at an opposite end circulation of the fluid by resting on a seat (15) established around the orifice. 2. Clapet à commande pneumatique suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le piston (9) comprend une tige (10) terminée par deux têtes opposées (11, 12) aux extrémités, la tige (10) coulissant dans le raccordement (5), la membrane (7) refoulant le piston (9) par contact avec une des têtes (11) et la seconde tête (12) s'appuyant, en position de fermeture, sur le siège (14) établi autour de l'orifice (15) de circulation du fluide dans la canalisation (6).2. pneumatically operated valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston (9) comprises a rod (10) terminated by two opposite heads (11, 12) at the ends, the rod (10) sliding in the connection (5 ), the diaphragm (7) driving the piston (9) by contact with one of the heads (11) and the second head (12) resting, in the closed position, on the seat (14) established around the orifice (15) for circulation of the fluid in the pipe (6). 3. Clapet à commande pneumatique suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un ressort de rappel (16) exerçant sur le piston (9) une force tendant à l'éloigner de sa position de fermeture.3. Pneumatically operated valve according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a return spring (16) exerting on the piston (9) a force tending to move it away from its closed position . 4. Clapet à commande pneumatique suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un orifice (3) ménagé dans le réservoir (2) faisant communiquer le premier volume (Vg) avec une conduite d'amenée de gaz (4).4. pneumatically controlled valve according to any one of claims 1 3, characterized in that it comprises an orifice (3) formed in the reservoir (2) communicating the first volume (Vg) with a supply line of gas (4). 5. Clapet à commande pneumatique suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la première tête (11) présente une surface cylindrique (21) entaillée d'une gorge munie d'un joint (22) entrant en contact avec le raccordement (5) en position de fermeture, isolant ainsi le second volume (Vf) de la canalisation (6) de fluide.5. Pneumatically operated valve according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the first head (11) has a cylindrical surface (21) notched with a groove provided with a seal (22) coming into contact with the connection (5) in the closed position, thus isolating the second volume (Vf) from the fluid line (6). 6. Accumulateur hydropneumatique (25) équipé du clapet (1) conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, et dans lequel la canalisation (6), dont le fluide est un liquide, débouche, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un réservoir (26), de plus grandes dimensions que celui (2) du clapet, percé d'un orifice (27) d'introduction de gaz inerte, le liquide circulant dans la canalisation (6) étant contenu dans le bas du réservoir (26) de l'accumulateur (25) et pressurisé par le gaz inerte.6. Hydropneumatic accumulator (25) equipped with the valve (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, and in which the pipe (6), the fluid of which is a liquid, opens, characterized in that it comprises a reservoir (26), larger than that (2) of the valve, pierced with an orifice (27) for introducing inert gas, the liquid flowing in the pipe (6) being contained in the bottom of the tank (26) of the accumulator (25) and pressurized by the inert gas. 7. Accumulateur hydropneumatique suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le clapet (1) est situé hors du réservoir (26) de l'accumulateur (25).7. Hydropneumatic accumulator according to claim 6, characterized in that the valve (1) is located outside the reservoir (26) of the accumulator (25). 8. Accumulateur hydropneumatique suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la conduite est munie d'une vanne (43) entre le réservoir (26) de l'accumulateur (25) et le clapet (1).8. Hydropneumatic accumulator according to claim 6, characterized in that the pipe is provided with a valve (43) between the reservoir (26) of the accumulator (25) and the valve (1). 9. Application d'un clapet selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 5, en tant que soupape de sécurité apte à maintenir une capacité (46) à une pression de consigne, caractérisé en ce que ladite canalisation (6) réunit ladite capacité à l'extérieur.9. Application of a valve according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, as a safety valve capable of maintaining a capacity (46) at a set pressure, characterized in that said pipe (6) joins said capacity outside.
EP88401367A 1987-06-10 1988-06-06 Pneumatically actuated valve and a hydropneumatic accumulator with such a valve Withdrawn EP0295176A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8708059A FR2616509B1 (en) 1987-06-10 1987-06-10 PNEUMATIC CONTROL VALVE AND HYDROPNEUMATIC ACCUMULATOR EQUIPPED WITH THIS VALVE
FR8708059 1987-06-10

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EP0295176A1 true EP0295176A1 (en) 1988-12-14

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EP88401367A Withdrawn EP0295176A1 (en) 1987-06-10 1988-06-06 Pneumatically actuated valve and a hydropneumatic accumulator with such a valve

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EP (1) EP0295176A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2616509B1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002530604A (en) * 1998-11-25 2002-09-17 コンティネンタル・テーベス・アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト・ウント・コンパニー・オッフェネ・ハンデルスゲゼルシヤフト Pressure medium accumulator
WO2007124882A1 (en) * 2006-04-27 2007-11-08 Bosch Rexroth Ag Hydraulic fluid reservoir with integrated high- and low-pressure chamber

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3609534C1 (en) * 1986-03-21 1987-04-09 Integral Hydraulik Co Hydraulic accumulator

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3609534C1 (en) * 1986-03-21 1987-04-09 Integral Hydraulik Co Hydraulic accumulator

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002530604A (en) * 1998-11-25 2002-09-17 コンティネンタル・テーベス・アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト・ウント・コンパニー・オッフェネ・ハンデルスゲゼルシヤフト Pressure medium accumulator
WO2007124882A1 (en) * 2006-04-27 2007-11-08 Bosch Rexroth Ag Hydraulic fluid reservoir with integrated high- and low-pressure chamber

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2616509A1 (en) 1988-12-16
FR2616509B1 (en) 1989-09-22

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