EP0281591A1 - Process device and sheath for producing pipes or similar elongated profiles by powder metallurgy. - Google Patents

Process device and sheath for producing pipes or similar elongated profiles by powder metallurgy.

Info

Publication number
EP0281591A1
EP0281591A1 EP87905747A EP87905747A EP0281591A1 EP 0281591 A1 EP0281591 A1 EP 0281591A1 EP 87905747 A EP87905747 A EP 87905747A EP 87905747 A EP87905747 A EP 87905747A EP 0281591 A1 EP0281591 A1 EP 0281591A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
capsule
powder
mandrel
tip
filled
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87905747A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0281591B1 (en
Inventor
Claes Tornberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Avesta Nyby Powder AB
Original Assignee
Avesta Nyby Powder AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Avesta Nyby Powder AB filed Critical Avesta Nyby Powder AB
Priority to AT87905747T priority Critical patent/ATE60262T1/en
Publication of EP0281591A1 publication Critical patent/EP0281591A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0281591B1 publication Critical patent/EP0281591B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method, a capsule and a device for the powder-metallurgical production of tubes or the like. Elongated profiles.
  • tubular blanks from metal and / or metal alloys which are extruded or extruded to form tubes:
  • High-quality tubes can be produced by extrusion of the powder-metallurgical tube blanks or compacts. Since it is not necessary to drill out to form the central longitudinal bore, the material losses which are usually present during drilling can be avoided.
  • D he present invention is based on the object to improve the latter method in such a way that with even less effort for the same good or even better
  • the precompaction of the powder within the capsule is preferably carried out by means of ultrasonic vibration in such a way that a powder density of approximately 70% of the theoretical density is obtained.
  • the capsule After the capsule has been closed, it is subjected to an all-round preferably cold isostatic pressure in order to bring the powder density to about 95% of the theoretical
  • the capsule is then positioned in a pot-like receptacle of an extrusion system, in which it is perforated by means of a mandrel to form a central longitudinal bore.
  • the mandrel is at its free end with a tip made of extremely resistant capable material, in particular hard metal or ceramic, see ver.
  • the powder is pressed radially outwards from the inside, as a result of which a particularly uniform density is obtained over the cross section of the capsule.
  • the capsule is preferably perforated at an elevated temperature of e.g. B. 600 ° C or in the range of hot working or extrusion temperature, ie at a temperature of about 1,100 to 1,200 ° C. In this case, the extrusion can directly follow the perforation of the capsule.
  • the pressing of the mandrel in the ge powder filled capsule has a kind of "pore closure" of the powder result, so that there is no need for a capsule inner sheath in accordance with the capsule outer surface. Accordingly, the welding work required for this, which leads to a weakening of the capsule material anyway, is also eliminated. Such weak points contain the risk of leakages.
  • the capsule to be punched can be manufactured significantly cheaper than the tubular capsules z. B. according to EP-A-20 536 or DE-A-24 19 014.
  • the mandrel is pressed into the powder-filled capsule to form the central bore or perforation, preferably using a vertical press, the mandrel, at least its tip, being supported with play in order to achieve high concentricity.
  • the mandrel tip mentioned is designed either as a cone or a truncated cone.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a capsule designed according to the invention in a schematic longitudinal section
  • FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of the capsule according to FIG. 1 in a device for forming a central longitudinal perforation, likewise in a schematic longitudinal section;
  • FIG. 3 shows several embodiments of capsules designed according to the invention in longitudinal section
  • a first embodiment of a capsule designed or used according to the invention for producing a tubular compact is shown in a schematic longitudinal section.
  • the capsule consists of an outer jacket 8 and a cover 9 each made of thin, ductile sheet metal and a somewhat thick-walled base 14, the peripheral edge 15 of which is reinforced, in the present case extending prismatically inwards, so that the inner region 10 of the base 14 has a smaller thickness than the edge region.
  • Bottom and lid are welded to the outer jacket (ring welds 12, 25).
  • the cover could also be an integral part of the outer casing 8.
  • Outer jacket 8 and cover 9 would then preferably be formed in the deep-drawing process.
  • the end section of the outer jacket 8 assigned to the lid 9 is drawn in radially inwardly to form a radially inwardly extending peripheral curvature 11, along the inner edge of which the lid 9 is welded (weld seam 12).
  • the outer jacket 8 is initially closed on the bottom side by a bottom plate 14.
  • the capsule is then filled with metal powder, preferably with pre-compression using ultrasonic vibration. This achieves a pulse density of up to about 70% of the theoretical density.
  • the capsule is then closed with the lid 9 and a cold isostatic which acts on all sides
  • the cold isostatically pressed capsule is then in a Pot-shaped receptacle 1 of a press, not shown in FIG. 2, into which a mandrel 4, 5 can be inserted centrally, forming a central capsule bore or hole 26.
  • the mandrel 4, 5 is in the bottom of the pot-like receptacle 1 assigned a central opening 2, into which the mandrel 4, 5 can be moved to form the capsule perforation mentioned.
  • the press-in movement of the Do ns 4, 5 is indicated in Fig. 2 with the parts 27. Because the powder is least compressed in the area of the geometric longitudinal axis 27 of the capsule, the mandrel 4, 5 can be pressed into the capsule filled with powder relatively easily.
  • the powder 3 is thereby subjected to an additional radial pressure from the inside to the outside with a simultaneous “pore closure” in the area of the central inner hole 26.
  • the compact produced according to the described method by means of the described device can be directly extruded in a conventional manner to form a finished tube.
  • the mandrel 4, 5 is pressed in through the base 14, namely by breaking open the thin-walled inner region 10.
  • the capsule and the metal powder 3 located in the capsule also become subjected to an additional axial pressure, which leads to a slight deformation of the capsule, in particular in the area of the lid curvature 11 or
  • the mandrel consists of a shaft 4 and a tip 5 arranged at the free end of the shaft 4 a ' , which in the embodiment 2 is conical.
  • the tip 5 is loosely attached to the mandrel 4, which on the one hand gives a high degree of concentricity and on the other hand has the possibility of removing the tip 5 before the mandrel moves back into the starting position (counter to the arrows 27), so that the closing ⁇ retraction of the mandrel is not hindered by the tip 5.
  • This measure is particularly advantageous if the tip 5 - as shown in FIG. 2 and also in FIG. 5 - protrudes radially along its circumference over the shaft 4.
  • the tip 5 consists of a high-strength material, in particular hot-work steel, hard metal or ceramic. According to FIGS. 2 and 5, the tip 5 or 5 'is rounded on its peripheral edge 13 or 13' which faces the shaft 4 and projects slightly above it. In the embodiment according to
  • FIG. 5 shows the tip 5 'in the manner of a truncated cone, in contrast to the conical configuration of the tip 5 in the embodiment according to FIG. 2
  • the tip 5 or 5 'and optionally also the shaft 4 are preferably provided with a lubricant, in particular in the form of a stocking 6 made of glass fiber material which is placed over the tip 5 or 5' and optionally also the shaft 4.
  • a lubricant in particular in the form of a stocking 6 made of glass fiber material which is placed over the tip 5 or 5' and optionally also the shaft 4.
  • Glass as a lubricant is particularly advantageous in so-called "hot punching", ie when the hole 26 is formed at an elevated temperature. It is normally sufficient to provide only the tip 5 or 5 1 with a cap made of glass fiber material.
  • the shaft 4 is preferably also lubricated, e.g. B. in the form of a glass fiber layer provided.
  • the mandrel or the shaft 4 of the same is mounted so as to be longitudinally displaceable within a guide sleeve 7 of the press, not shown in FIG. 2.
  • the drive of the mandrel 4, 5 preferably follows hydraulically in a manner known per se.
  • FIG. 3 possible modifications of the powder capsule are shown schematically.
  • the embodiment with the domed lid 9 ' has already been described in connection with the embodiment according to FIG. 1.
  • the cover can also be designed as a relatively thick, rigid plate 9 ′′ which is welded to the associated end peripheral edge of the outer jacket 8 (ring weld seam 28).
  • the bottom 14 can be formed by a plate 21 or plate 23, the latter having a central recess 19 on the outside, with a corresponding reduction in the thickness of the bottom in this area.
  • This embodiment corresponds in terms of its effect to that of FIG. 1 only with the difference that the recess 19 is arranged on the outside, while in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 it is on the inside.
  • bottom 14 is characterized by a relatively thick ring 16, the central opening of which is closed on the inside of the capsule by a thin-walled plate 17, so that overall a configuration similar to the bottom plate 23 with an outside recess 19 is created.
  • the plate 17 is welded to the end face of the ring 16 inside the capsule (weld seam 29).
  • the end sections 18 of the outer jacket 8 are each formed conically tapering.
  • the space created thereby within the pot-shaped recess 1 is filled when the capsule is punched by corresponding expansion of the capsule.
  • the capsule can expand into this free space.
  • a finished compact are the tapered end sections 18 no longer recognizable.
  • the bottom 14 can of course be made from "the same sheet as the outer casing 8, similar to the cover 9 or 9 '. However, it has been shown that it is simpler and safer with regard to the tightness of the capsule, thick-walled cover In order to facilitate perforation of the capsule, however, the covers should then be made as thin-walled as possible in the central area, so that they can be broken open and penetrated more easily by the mandrel 4, 5. Accordingly, it is advantageous if the cover is also 9 'in FIG. 3 has a configuration similar to that of the base plates 22, 23 or the base plate according to FIG. 1.
  • Two capsules with an outer diameter of 222 mm and a lunge of 700 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm were each filled with 18/8 stainless powder.
  • One capsule was closed at one end with a 30 mm thick base plate, the central area of which had a recess with a depth of approximately 25 mm.
  • the diameter of the recess was 104 mm.
  • the plate thickness in the area of the recess was therefore 5 mm; this had to be pierced by the punch.
  • the other capsule was provided with a uniformly thick base plate, the thickness of which was 10 mm. Both capsules were cold isostatically pressed at a pressure of 4000 bar.
  • the capsules were punched in a vertical press.
  • the compacts obtained were distinguished by a good inner surface and an eccentricity of the central perforation of less than 4 mm.
  • Pipes were characterized by a good internal and external surface quality, a homogeneous structure and good mechanical properties.

Abstract

Un procédé et un dispositif sont utilisés pour fabriquer des tubes ou des profilés allongés similaires par métallurgie des poudres. On remplit une capsule à parois minces avec un métal et/ou un alliage métallique en poudre, le cas échéant après avoir comprimé au préalable la poudre par vibration ou par un procédé similaire. On ferme ensuite la capsule et on la comprime à froid et/ou à chaud par une pression isostatique appliquée de tous côtés et le comprimé ainsi obtenu est soumis à des traitements supplémentaires, en particulier l'extrusion. Afin de former un comprimé tubulaire, on perfore centralement (alésage 26) la capsule remplie de poudre (3) avec un poinçon (4, 5), tout en comprimant radialement la poudre de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur, une fois que la capsule a été fermée (couvercle 9; 9'; 9'') et soumise à la pression isostatique. La capsule est composée d'une enveloppe cylindrique extérieure (8), d'un fond (14) et d'un couvercle (9; 9'; 9'').A method and a device are used to manufacture tubes or similar elongated profiles by powder metallurgy. A thin-walled capsule is filled with a powdered metal and/or metal alloy, optionally after having previously compressed the powder by vibration or by a similar process. The capsule is then closed and cold and/or hot compressed by isostatic pressure applied on all sides and the tablet thus obtained is subjected to additional treatments, in particular extrusion. In order to form a tubular tablet, the capsule filled with powder (3) is perforated centrally (bore 26) with a punch (4, 5), while radially compressing the powder from the inside outwards, once the capsule was closed (lid 9; 9'; 9'') and subjected to isostatic pressure. The capsule is composed of an outer cylindrical casing (8), a bottom (14) and a lid (9; 9'; 9'').

Description

Verfahren, Vorrichtung und Kapsel zur pulvermetallurgischen Herstellung von Rohren oder dgl. langgestreckten Profilen Method, device and capsule for powder metallurgical production of tubes or the like. Elongated profiles
Beschreibung :Description :
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren, eine Kapsel sowie eine Vorrichtung zur pulvermetallurgischen Herstellung von Roh¬ ren oder dgl. langgestreckten Profilen.The invention relates to a method, a capsule and a device for the powder-metallurgical production of tubes or the like. Elongated profiles.
Zur Herstellung von rohrförmigen Rohlingen aus Metall und/oder Metallegierungen, die unter Ausbildung von Rohren extrudiert bzw. stranggepreßt werden, gibt es zwei prinzipielle Verfah¬ ren:There are two basic methods for producing tubular blanks from metal and / or metal alloys which are extruded or extruded to form tubes:
a) mechanische Bearbeitung eines gewalzten oder geschmiede¬ ten Stangenmaterials unter Herstellung des gewünschten Außendurchmessers des zu extrudierenden Rohlings sowie unter Ausbildung einer zentrisch angeordneten Längsboh¬ rung, wobei letztere durch entsprechendes Aufbohren des Stangenmaterials erhalten wird; b) Befüllen einer Kapsel mit einem zylindrischen Außen- und Innenmantel aus dünnem, duktilen Blech mit Pulver aus Me¬ tall und/oder Metallegierungen, Verschließen der Kapsel und Ausübung eines isostatischen Drucks auf diese.a) mechanical processing of a rolled or forged rod material to produce the desired outer diameter of the blank to be extruded and to form a centrally arranged longitudinal bore, the latter being obtained by appropriate drilling of the rod material; b ) Filling a capsule with a cylindrical outer and inner jacket made of thin, ductile sheet metal with powder made of metal and / or metal alloys, closing the capsule and exert isostatic pressure on them.
Das letztgenannte Verfahren hat sich als sehr vorteilhaft er¬ wiesen. Es lassen sich durch Extrusion der pulvermetallurgi- sehen Rohr-Roh- bzw. -Preßlinge hochqualitative Rohre her¬ stellen. Da zur Ausbildung der zentralen Längsbohrung ein Auf¬ bohren nicht erforderlich ist, lassen sich die beim Bohren üblicherweise vorhandenen Materialverluste vermeiden.The latter method has proven to be very advantageous. High-quality tubes can be produced by extrusion of the powder-metallurgical tube blanks or compacts. Since it is not necessary to drill out to form the central longitudinal bore, the material losses which are usually present during drilling can be avoided.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, die letztgenannte Methode dahingehend zu verbessern, daß mit noch geringerem Aufwand bei gleich guter oder sogar bessererD he present invention is based on the object to improve the latter method in such a way that with even less effort for the same good or even better
Qualität der zur Extrusion erforderliche Preßling erhalten wird.Quality of the compact required for extrusion is obtained.
Diese Aufgabe wird verfahrenstechnisch durch die kennzeichnen¬ den Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 , vorrichtungstechnisch durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruches 14 sowie hinsichtlich der zur Extrusion* bestimmten Kapsel durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruches 7 gelöst, wobei die jeweils zugeordneten Unteransprüche vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Grundgedankens betref¬ fen.In terms of process technology, this object is achieved by the characterizing features of patent claim 1, device technology by the characterizing features of patent claim 14 and with regard to the capsule intended for extrusion * by the characterizing features of patent claim 7, the associated subclaims relating to advantageous developments of the basic concept of the invention ¬ fen.
Die Vorverdichtung des Pulvers innerhalb der Kapsel erfolgt vorzugweise mittels Ultraschall-Vibration derart, daß eine Pulver-Dichte von etwa 70 % der theoretischen Dichte erhalten wird. Nach dem Verschließen der Kapsel wird diese einem all¬ seitig wirkenden vorzugsweise kaltisostatischen Druck ausge- setzt, um die Pulver-Dichte auf etwa 95 % der theoretischenThe precompaction of the powder within the capsule is preferably carried out by means of ultrasonic vibration in such a way that a powder density of approximately 70% of the theoretical density is obtained. After the capsule has been closed, it is subjected to an all-round preferably cold isostatic pressure in order to bring the powder density to about 95% of the theoretical
Dichte zu erhöhen. Anschließend wird die Kapsel in einer topf¬ artigen Aufnahme einer Extrudieranlage positioniert, in der sie mittels eines Dorns unter Ausbildung einer zentralen Längsbohrung gelocht wird. Zu diesem Zweck ist der Dorn an seinem freien Ende mit einer Spitze aus äußerst Widerstands- fähigem Material, insbesondere Hartmetall oder Keramik, ver¬ sehen. Durch diese Lochung erfolgt von innen radial nach außen eine zusätzliche Pressung des Pulvers, wodurch man eine be¬ sonders gleichförmige Dichte über dem Querschnitt der Kapsel erhält. Vorzugsweise erfolgt die Lochung der Kapsel bei erhöh¬ ter Temperatur von z. B. 600°C oder auch im Bereich der Warm- bearbeitungs- bzw. Extrusionstemperatur , d. h. bei einer Tem¬ peratur von etwa 1.100 bis 1.200°C. In diesem Fall kann die Extrusion sich unmittelbar an das Lochen der Kapsel anschlie¬ ßen.Increase density. The capsule is then positioned in a pot-like receptacle of an extrusion system, in which it is perforated by means of a mandrel to form a central longitudinal bore. For this purpose, the mandrel is at its free end with a tip made of extremely resistant capable material, in particular hard metal or ceramic, see ver. Through this perforation, the powder is pressed radially outwards from the inside, as a result of which a particularly uniform density is obtained over the cross section of the capsule. The capsule is preferably perforated at an elevated temperature of e.g. B. 600 ° C or in the range of hot working or extrusion temperature, ie at a temperature of about 1,100 to 1,200 ° C. In this case, the extrusion can directly follow the perforation of the capsule.
Die Erfindung hat mehrere unerwartete Vorteile:The invention has several unexpected advantages:
Wie bereits oben dargelegt, wird durch das Einpressen des Dornes in die mit Pulver gefüllte Kapsel von innen heraus eine zusätzliche Pressung des Pulvers erreicht, die zu einer Vergleichmäßigung der Dichte über den Querschnitt der Kapsel führt.As already explained above, by pressing the mandrel into the capsule filled with powder, an additional pressing of the powder is achieved from the inside, which leads to an equalization of the density over the cross section of the capsule.
* Außerdem hat das Einpressen des Dornes in die mit Pulver ge¬ füllte Kapsel eine Art "Porenverschluß" des Pulvers zur Folge, so daß auf einen Kapsel-Innenmantel entsprechend dem Kapsel- Außenmantel verzichtet werden kann. Dementsprechend entfallen auch die dafür notwendigen Schweißarbeiten, die ohnehin zu einer Schwächung des Kapselmaterials führen. Derartige Schwach¬ stellen beinhalten das Risiko von Leckagen. * In addition, the pressing of the mandrel in the ge powder filled capsule has a kind of "pore closure" of the powder result, so that there is no need for a capsule inner sheath in accordance with the capsule outer surface. Accordingly, the welding work required for this, which leads to a weakening of the capsule material anyway, is also eliminated. Such weak points contain the risk of leakages.
Die zu lochende Kapsel kann bedeutend billiger hergestellt werden als die bisher verwendeten rohrförmigen Kapseln z. B. gemäß der EP-A-20 536 oder DE-A-24 19 014.The capsule to be punched can be manufactured significantly cheaper than the tubular capsules z. B. according to EP-A-20 536 or DE-A-24 19 014.
Es können auch größere Rohrmengen unter Verwendung der Erfin¬ dung extrudiert werden. Die Ausbeute an fertigen fehlerfreien Produkten ist größer. Das Einpressen des Dornes in die mit Pulver gefüllte Kapsel unter Ausbildung der zentralen Bohrung bzw. Lochung erfolgt vorzugsweise mittels einer Vertikalpresse, wobei der Dorn, zumindest dessen Spitze, mit Spiel gelagert ist, um eine hohe Konzentrizität zu erreichen. Die erwähnte Dornspitze ist ent¬ weder als Kegel oder Kegelstumpf ausgebildet.Larger quantities of pipes can also be extruded using the invention. The yield of finished defect-free products is greater. The mandrel is pressed into the powder-filled capsule to form the central bore or perforation, preferably using a vertical press, the mandrel, at least its tip, being supported with play in order to achieve high concentricity. The mandrel tip mentioned is designed either as a cone or a truncated cone.
Nachstehend wird die Erfindung anhand von schematisch darge¬ stellten Ausführungsbeispielen für erfindungsgemäß ausgebil- dete Kapseln und eine erfindungsgemäß ausgebildete Vorrichtung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of schematically illustrated exemplary embodiments for capsules designed according to the invention and a device designed according to the invention. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine erste Ausfuhrungsform einer erfindungsgemäß aus¬ gebildeten Kapsel im schematischen Längsschnitt;1 shows a first embodiment of a capsule designed according to the invention in a schematic longitudinal section;
Fig. 2 die Anordnung der Kapsel nach Fig. 1 in einer Vorrich¬ tung zur Ausbildung einer zentralen Längs-Lochung, ebenfalls im schematischen Längsschnitt;FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of the capsule according to FIG. 1 in a device for forming a central longitudinal perforation, likewise in a schematic longitudinal section;
Fig. 3 mehrere Ausführungsformen von erfindungsgemäß ausgebil¬ deten Kapseln im Längsschnitt;3 shows several embodiments of capsules designed according to the invention in longitudinal section;
Fig. 4 der Dichteverlauf über den Querschnitt einer kaltiso- statisch verpreßten Kapsel vor Ausbildung der zentra- len Lochung; und4 shows the density profile over the cross section of a cold isostatically pressed capsule before the central perforation is formed; and
Fig. 5 Teil einer abgewandelten Ausfuhrungsform eines Dornes zur Ausbildung der zentralen Lochung in einer mit Pul¬ ver gefüllten Kapsel im Längsschnitt.5 part of a modified embodiment of a mandrel for forming the central perforation in a capsule filled with powder, in longitudinal section.
In Fig. 1 ist eine erste Ausfuhrungsform einer erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten bzw. verwendeten Kapsel zur Herstellung eines Rohr-Preßlings im schematischen Längsschnitt dargestellt. Dementsprechend besteht die Kapsel aus einem Außenmantel 8 sowie einem Deckel 9 jeweils aus dünnem, duktilem Blech sowie einem etwas dickwandigeren Boden 14, dessen Umfangsrand 15 verstärkt ausgebildet ist, und zwar im vorliegenden Fall sich prismatisch nach innen erstreckend, so daß der innere Bereich 10 des Bodens 14 eine geringere Dicke aufweist als der Rand¬ bereich. Boden und Deckel sind mit dem Außenmantel jeweils schweißverbunden (Ringschweißnähte 12, 25). Der Deckel könnte auch integraler Bestandteil des Außenmantels 8 sein. Außenman¬ tel 8 und Deckel 9 würden dann vorzugsweise im Tiefziehver¬ fahren ausgebildet werden.In Fig. 1, a first embodiment of a capsule designed or used according to the invention for producing a tubular compact is shown in a schematic longitudinal section. Accordingly, the capsule consists of an outer jacket 8 and a cover 9 each made of thin, ductile sheet metal and a somewhat thick-walled base 14, the peripheral edge 15 of which is reinforced, in the present case extending prismatically inwards, so that the inner region 10 of the base 14 has a smaller thickness than the edge region. Bottom and lid are welded to the outer jacket (ring welds 12, 25). The cover could also be an integral part of the outer casing 8. Outer jacket 8 and cover 9 would then preferably be formed in the deep-drawing process.
Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der dem Deckel 9 zugeordnete Endabschnitt des Außenmantels 8 radial nach in¬ nen eingezogen unter Ausbildung einer sich radial nach innen erstreckenden Umfangswölbung 11, längs deren Innenrandes der Deckel 9 angeschweißt ist (Schweißnaht 12). Es ist jedoch genau so gut denkbar, entsprechend der gestrichelten Darstel¬ lung in Fig. 3 den Deckel 9' mit einem gewölbten Umfangsrand 11 ' zu versehen, der mit dem Außenmantel 8 stumpf verschweißt wird (Schweißnaht 12' in Fig. 3). Bei der dargestellten Aus¬ führungsform wird der Außenmantel 8 zunächst bodenseitig durch eine Bodenplatte 14 verschlossen. Anschließend wird die Kapsel mit Metallpulver gefüllt, und zwar vorzugsweise unter Vorver¬ dichtung mittels Ultraschall-Vibration. Dadurch wird eine Pul¬ verdichte von bis zu etwa 70 % der theoretischen Dichte er¬ reicht. Anschließend wird die Kapsel mit dem Deckel 9 ver- schlössen und einem allseitig wirkenden kaltisostatischenIn the exemplary embodiment shown, the end section of the outer jacket 8 assigned to the lid 9 is drawn in radially inwardly to form a radially inwardly extending peripheral curvature 11, along the inner edge of which the lid 9 is welded (weld seam 12). However, it is just as conceivable to provide the cover 9 'with a curved peripheral edge 11' according to the dashed representation in FIG. 3, which is butt welded to the outer jacket 8 (weld seam 12 'in FIG. 3). In the embodiment shown, the outer jacket 8 is initially closed on the bottom side by a bottom plate 14. The capsule is then filled with metal powder, preferably with pre-compression using ultrasonic vibration. This achieves a pulse density of up to about 70% of the theoretical density. The capsule is then closed with the lid 9 and a cold isostatic which acts on all sides
Druck ausgesetzt, um die Dichte des Pulvers im Mittel auf etwa 95 % der theoretischen Dichte zu erhöhen, wobei der Dichte¬ verlauf über den Querschnitt der Kapsel entsprechend Kurve 24 in Fig. 4 ist. Die Pulverdichte nimmt also radial von innen nach außen zu. Dieser Dichteverlauf ist für die weitere Ein¬ wirkung auf die Kapsel entsprechend der nachstehenden Be¬ schreibung von großer Bedeutung. Die Metallpulver-Füllung ist in Fig. 1 mit der Bezugsziffer 3 gekennzeichnet.Exposed to pressure in order to increase the density of the powder on average to about 95% of the theoretical density, the density course over the cross section of the capsule being in accordance with curve 24 in FIG. 4. The powder density increases radially from the inside to the outside. This density curve is of great importance for the further action on the capsule according to the description below. The metal powder filling is identified in FIG. 1 by the reference number 3.
Die kaltisostatisch gepreßte Kapsel wird anschließend in einer topfartigen Aufnahme 1 einer in Fig. 2 nicht näher darge¬ stellten Presse positioniert, in die zentral ein Dorn 4, 5 einfahrbar ist unter Ausbildung einer zentralen Kapsel-Bohrung bzw. -Lochung 26. Dem Dorn 4, 5 ist im Boden der topfartigen Aufnahme 1 eine zentrale Öffnung 2 zugeordnet, in die der Dorn 4, 5 unter Ausbildung der erwähnten Kapsel-Lochung hinein¬ bewegbar ist. Die Einpreß-Bewegung des Do ns 4, 5 ist in Fig. 2 mit den Teilen 27 angedeutet. Dadurch, daß das Pulver im Be¬ reich der geometrischen Längsachse 27 der Kapsel am gering¬ sten verdichtet ist, läßt sich der Dorn 4, 5 relativ leicht in die mit Pulver gefüllte Kapsel einpressen. Das Pulver 3 erfährt dadurch eine zusätzlich radiale Pressung von innen nach außen unter gleichzeitigem "Porenverschluß" im Bereich des zentralen Innenlochs 26. Dadurch erhält man über den Quer- schnitt des dann rohrförmigen Preßlings einen etwa konstanten bzw. gleichförmigen Verlauf der Pulverdichte. Durch den erwähn¬ ten "Porenverschluß" kann auf die Einschweißung eines Innen¬ mantels aus dünnem, duktilen Blech verzichtet werden. Der nach dem beschriebenen Verfahren mittels der beschriebenen Vorrich- tung hergestellte Preßling kann zur Ausbildung eines fertigen Rohres in herkömmlicher Weise unmittelbar stranggepreßt wer¬ den.The cold isostatically pressed capsule is then in a Pot-shaped receptacle 1 of a press, not shown in FIG. 2, into which a mandrel 4, 5 can be inserted centrally, forming a central capsule bore or hole 26. The mandrel 4, 5 is in the bottom of the pot-like receptacle 1 assigned a central opening 2, into which the mandrel 4, 5 can be moved to form the capsule perforation mentioned. The press-in movement of the Do ns 4, 5 is indicated in Fig. 2 with the parts 27. Because the powder is least compressed in the area of the geometric longitudinal axis 27 of the capsule, the mandrel 4, 5 can be pressed into the capsule filled with powder relatively easily. The powder 3 is thereby subjected to an additional radial pressure from the inside to the outside with a simultaneous “pore closure” in the area of the central inner hole 26. This results in an approximately constant or uniform profile of the powder density over the cross section of the then tubular compact. Due to the "pore closure" mentioned, the welding of an inner jacket made of thin, ductile sheet metal can be dispensed with. The compact produced according to the described method by means of the described device can be directly extruded in a conventional manner to form a finished tube.
Wie der Fig. 2 noch entnommen werden kann, erfolgt die Ein- pressung des Dorns 4, 5 durch den Boden 14 hindurch, und zwar unter Aufbrechen des dünnwandigen Innenbereichs 10. Dabei wird die Kapsel und das in der Kapsel befindliche Metallpul¬ ver 3 auch noch einer zusätzlichen axialen Pressung unterwor¬ fen, die zu einer gering ügigen Verformung der Kapsel führt, und zwar insbesondere im Bereich der Deckelwölbung 11 bzw.As can still be seen in FIG. 2, the mandrel 4, 5 is pressed in through the base 14, namely by breaking open the thin-walled inner region 10. The capsule and the metal powder 3 located in the capsule also become subjected to an additional axial pressure, which leads to a slight deformation of the capsule, in particular in the area of the lid curvature 11 or
11 ' . Dort kann das Pulver unter entsprechender Verformung des Außenmantels bzw. Deckels ausweichen.11 '. There the powder can evade with corresponding deformation of the outer jacket or cover.
Der Dorn besteht aus einem Schaft 4 und einer am freien Ende des Schaftes 4 a'ngeordneten Spitze 5, die bei der Ausführungs- form nach Fig. 2 kegelförmig ausgebildet ist. Die Spitze 5 ist lose am Dorn 4 angesetzt, wodurch man zum einen eine hohe Konzentrizität erhält und zum anderen die Möglichkeit hat, die Spitze 5 vor dem Zurückfahren des Dornes in die Ausgangs¬ stellung (entgegen der Pfeile 27) abzunehmen, so daß das Zu¬ rückfahren des Dornes durch die Spitze 5 nicht behindert wird. Diese Maßnahme ist vor allem dann von Vorteil, wenn die Spitze 5 - wie in Fig. 2 und auch in Fig. 5 dargestellt - längs ihres Umfangs über den Schaft 4 radial vorsteht.The mandrel consists of a shaft 4 and a tip 5 arranged at the free end of the shaft 4 a ' , which in the embodiment 2 is conical. The tip 5 is loosely attached to the mandrel 4, which on the one hand gives a high degree of concentricity and on the other hand has the possibility of removing the tip 5 before the mandrel moves back into the starting position (counter to the arrows 27), so that the closing ¬ retraction of the mandrel is not hindered by the tip 5. This measure is particularly advantageous if the tip 5 - as shown in FIG. 2 and also in FIG. 5 - protrudes radially along its circumference over the shaft 4.
Die Spitze 5 besteht aus einem hochfesten Material, insbeson¬ dere Warmarbeitsstahl , Hartmetall oder Keramik. Entsprechend den Fig. 2 und 5 ist die Spitze 5 bzw. 5' an ihrem dem Schaft 4 zugewandten und über diesen geringfügig vorstehenden Umfangs- rand 13 bzw. 13' abgerundet. Bei der Ausführungsform nachThe tip 5 consists of a high-strength material, in particular hot-work steel, hard metal or ceramic. According to FIGS. 2 and 5, the tip 5 or 5 'is rounded on its peripheral edge 13 or 13' which faces the shaft 4 and projects slightly above it. In the embodiment according to
Fig. 5 ist die Spitze 5' nach Art eines Kegelstumpfes ausge¬ bildet im Gegensatz zu der kegeligen Ausbildung der Spitze 5 bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2FIG. 5 shows the tip 5 'in the manner of a truncated cone, in contrast to the conical configuration of the tip 5 in the embodiment according to FIG. 2
Die Spitze 5 bzw. 5' und gegebenenfalls auch der Schaft 4 sind vorzugsweise mit einem Schmiermittel versehen, insbeson¬ dere in Form eines über die Spitze 5 bzw. 5' und gegebenen¬ falls auch den Schaft 4 gestülpten Strumpfes 6 aus Glasfaser¬ material. Glas als Schmiermittel ist besonders vorteilhaft beim sogenannten "Heißlochen", d. h. bei Ausbildung der Lo¬ chung 26 unter erhöhter Temperatur. Normalerweise genügt es, nur die Spitze 5 bzw. 51 mit einer Kappe aus Glasfasermaterial zu versehen. Wünscht man jedoch, nach dem Lochen sofort das Strangpressen anzuschließen, wird vorzugsweise auch der Schaft 4 mit Schmiermittel, z. B. in Form einer Glasfaser¬ schicht, versehen.The tip 5 or 5 'and optionally also the shaft 4 are preferably provided with a lubricant, in particular in the form of a stocking 6 made of glass fiber material which is placed over the tip 5 or 5' and optionally also the shaft 4. Glass as a lubricant is particularly advantageous in so-called "hot punching", ie when the hole 26 is formed at an elevated temperature. It is normally sufficient to provide only the tip 5 or 5 1 with a cap made of glass fiber material. However, if one wishes to connect the extrusion immediately after punching, the shaft 4 is preferably also lubricated, e.g. B. in the form of a glass fiber layer provided.
Der Dorn bzw. der Schaft 4- desselben ist innerhalb einer Füh¬ rungshülse 7 der in Fig. 2 nicht näher dargestellten Presse längsverschieblich gelagert. Der Antrieb des Dornes 4, 5 er- folgt vorzugsweise hydraulisch in an sich bekannter Weise.The mandrel or the shaft 4 of the same is mounted so as to be longitudinally displaceable within a guide sleeve 7 of the press, not shown in FIG. 2. The drive of the mandrel 4, 5 preferably follows hydraulically in a manner known per se.
In Fig. 3 sind mögliche Abwandlungen der Pulver-Kapsel schema¬ tisch dargestellt. Die Ausführungsform mit dem randseitig-ge- wölbten Deckel 9 ' wurde bereits in Verbindung mit der Ausfüh¬ rungsform nach Fig. 1 beschrieben.In Fig. 3 possible modifications of the powder capsule are shown schematically. The embodiment with the domed lid 9 'has already been described in connection with the embodiment according to FIG. 1.
Alternativ dazu kann der Deckel auch als relativ dicke, steife Platte 9" ausgebildet sein, der mit dem zugeordneten stirn- seitigen Umfangsrand des Außenmantels 8 verschweißt ist (Ring-Schweißnaht 28).As an alternative to this, the cover can also be designed as a relatively thick, rigid plate 9 ″ which is welded to the associated end peripheral edge of the outer jacket 8 (ring weld seam 28).
Der Boden 14 kann alternativ zu demjenigen nach Fig. 1 durch eine Platte 21 oder Platte 23 gebildet sein, wobei letztere außenseitig eine zentrale Ausnehmung 19 aufweist unter ent¬ sprechender Reduzierung der Dicke des Bodens in diesem Be¬ reich. Diese Ausführungsform entspricht hinsichtlich ihrer Wirkung derjenigen nach Fig. 1 nur mit dem Unterschied, daß die Ausnehmung 19 außenseitig angeordnet ist, während sie bei der Ausfuhrungsform nach Fig. 1 innenseitig liegt.As an alternative to that according to FIG. 1, the bottom 14 can be formed by a plate 21 or plate 23, the latter having a central recess 19 on the outside, with a corresponding reduction in the thickness of the bottom in this area. This embodiment corresponds in terms of its effect to that of FIG. 1 only with the difference that the recess 19 is arranged on the outside, while in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 it is on the inside.
Eine weitere Alternative für den Boden 14 ist gekennzeichnet durch einen relativ dicken Ring 16, dessen zentrale Öffnung kapselinnenseitig durch eine dünnwandige Platte 17 verschlos- sen ist, so daß insgesamt eine Konfiguration ähnlich der Bo¬ denplatte 23 mit außenseitiger Ausnehmung 19 entsteht. Die Platte 17 ist an der kapselinneren Stirnseite des Rings 16 angeschweißt (Schweißnaht 29).Another alternative for the bottom 14 is characterized by a relatively thick ring 16, the central opening of which is closed on the inside of the capsule by a thin-walled plate 17, so that overall a configuration similar to the bottom plate 23 with an outside recess 19 is created. The plate 17 is welded to the end face of the ring 16 inside the capsule (weld seam 29).
Die Endabschnitte 18 des Außenmantels 8 sind jeweils sich ko¬ nisch verjüngend ausgebildet. Der dadurch geschaffene Freiraum innerhalb der topfförmigen Ausnehmung 1 wird beim Lochen der Kapsel durch entsprechende Ausdehnung derselben ausgefüllt. Die Kapsel kan'n sich in diesen Freiraum hinein ausdehnen. A fertigen Preßling sind die sich konisch verjüngenden End- abschnitte 18 nicht mehr erkennbar.The end sections 18 of the outer jacket 8 are each formed conically tapering. The space created thereby within the pot-shaped recess 1 is filled when the capsule is punched by corresponding expansion of the capsule. The capsule can expand into this free space. A finished compact are the tapered end sections 18 no longer recognizable.
Der Boden 14 kann selbstverständlich ähnlich wie der Deckel 9 bzw. 9' aus "dem selben Blech hergestellt sein wie der Außen¬ mantel 8. Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, daß es einfacher und hinsichtlich der Dichtigkeit der Kapsel sicherer ist, dickwan¬ dige Deckel einzuschweißen. Zur leichteren Lochung der Kap¬ sel sollten die Deckel dann jedoch im zentralen Bereich mög¬ lichst dünnwandig ausgebildet sein, so daß sie von dem Dorn 4, 5 leichter aufgebrochen und durchdrungen werden können. Dementsprechend ist es von Vorteil, wenn auch der Deckel 9' in Fig. 3 eine ähnliche Konfiguration wie die Bodenplatten 22, 23 bzw. die Bodenplatte gemäß Fig. 1 aufweist.The bottom 14 can of course be made from "the same sheet as the outer casing 8, similar to the cover 9 or 9 '. However, it has been shown that it is simpler and safer with regard to the tightness of the capsule, thick-walled cover In order to facilitate perforation of the capsule, however, the covers should then be made as thin-walled as possible in the central area, so that they can be broken open and penetrated more easily by the mandrel 4, 5. Accordingly, it is advantageous if the cover is also 9 'in FIG. 3 has a configuration similar to that of the base plates 22, 23 or the base plate according to FIG. 1.
Es sei noch darauf hingewiesen, daß sämtliche Übergänge zwi¬ schen Bereichen unterschiedlichen Durchmessers sowohl an der Kapsel als auch am Dorn, insbesondere an der Dornspitze 5 bzw. 5' jeweils abgerundet bzw. sich stetig ändernd ausgebil¬ det sind.It should also be pointed out that all transitions between areas of different diameters, both on the capsule and on the mandrel, in particular on the mandrel tip 5 or 5 ', are in each case rounded off or continuously changing.
Nachstehend wird die Vorteilhaftigkeit anhand von zwei Bei¬ spielen demonstriert:The advantages are demonstrated below using two examples:
Zwei Kapseln mit einem Außendurchmesser von 222 mm und einer Longe von 700 mm sowie einer Wanddicke von 2 mm wurden je¬ weils mit rostfreiem Pulver des Typs 18/8 gefüllt. Die eine Kapsel war an einem Ende mit einer 30 mm dicken Bodenplatte verschlossen, deren Mittenbereich eine Ausnehmung mit einer Tiefe von etwa 25 mm auf ies . Der Durchmesser der Ausnehmung betrug 104 mm. Die Plattendicke im Bereich der Ausnehmung war daher 5 mm; diese mußte vom Lochdorn durchstoßen werden.Two capsules with an outer diameter of 222 mm and a lunge of 700 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm were each filled with 18/8 stainless powder. One capsule was closed at one end with a 30 mm thick base plate, the central area of which had a recess with a depth of approximately 25 mm. The diameter of the recess was 104 mm. The plate thickness in the area of the recess was therefore 5 mm; this had to be pierced by the punch.
Die andere Kapsel war mit einer gleichmäßig dicken Bodenplat¬ te versehen, deren Dicke 10 mm betrug. Beide Kapseln wurden bei einem Druck von 4000 bar kaltiso- statisch gepreßt.The other capsule was provided with a uniformly thick base plate, the thickness of which was 10 mm. Both capsules were cold isostatically pressed at a pressure of 4000 bar.
Nach Erwärmen auf 1.150βC wurden die Kapseln in einer Vertikalpresse gelocht. Die dabei erhaltenen Preßlinge zeich¬ neten sich durch eine gute Innenoberfläche sowie eine Exzen¬ trizität der zentralen Lochung von weniger als 4 mm aus.After heating to 1,150 β C, the capsules were punched in a vertical press. The compacts obtained were distinguished by a good inner surface and an eccentricity of the central perforation of less than 4 mm.
Nach dem Lochen wurden beide Preßlinge zu Rohren mit den Dimensionen: 140 x 12 mm und 142 x 15 mm extrudiert. DieAfter punching, both compacts were extruded into tubes with the dimensions: 140 x 12 mm and 142 x 15 mm. The
Rohre zeichneten sich sowohl durch eine gute innere als auch gute äußere Oberflächenqualität, eine homogene Struktur sowie gute mechanische Eigenschaften aus .Pipes were characterized by a good internal and external surface quality, a homogeneous structure and good mechanical properties.
Sämtliche in den Unterlagen offenbarten Merkmale werden als erfindungswesentlich beansprucht, soweit sie einzeln oder in Kombination gegenüber dem Stand der Technik neu sind. All features disclosed in the documents are claimed as essential to the invention, insofar as they are new compared to the prior art, individually or in combination.

Claims

Pa ten t ans prüche : Patents to claims:
1. Verfahren zur pulvermetallurgischen Herstellung von Rohren oder dgl." langgestreckten Profilen, bei dem Pulver aus Me- tall und/oder Metall-Legierungen - gegebenenfalls unter1. Process for the powder-metallurgical production of pipes or the like. " Elongated profiles, in the powder of metal and / or metal alloys - if necessary under
Vorverdichtung mittels Vibration oder dgl. - in eine dünn¬ wandige Kapsel gefüllt, diese anschließend verschlossen und mittels allseitig wirkenden isostatischen Drucks kalt und/oder warm gepreßt und der erhaltene Preßling weiterver- arbeitet, insbesondere stranggepreßt wird, d adur c h g e k e nn z e i c h ne t , daß die mit Pulver ge¬ füllte Kapsel zur Ausbildung eines rohrförmigen Preßlings nach dem Verschließen und der isostatischen Pressung mit¬ tels eines Dorns oder dgl. zentrisch gelocht wird unter entsprechender Pressung des Pulvers radial von innen nach außen.Pre-compression by means of vibration or the like - filled into a thin-walled capsule, then sealed and pressed cold and / or warm by means of isostatic pressure acting on all sides, and the compact obtained is further processed, in particular extruded, so that it is characterized, that the capsule filled with powder is perforated centrally to form a tubular compact after closing and the isostatic pressing by means of a mandrel or the like, with corresponding pressing of the powder radially from the inside to the outside.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 ,2. The method according to claim 1,
.d adur c h g e ken n z e i ch ne t , . daß die Lochung der Kapsel unter erhöhter Temperatur, insbesondere etwa 600°C, vorzugsweise etwa 1.100 bis 1.200°C, durchgeführt wird..characterized , . that the perforation of the capsule is carried out at elevated temperature, in particular approximately 600 ° C., preferably approximately 1100 to 1200 ° C.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, d adur c h g e k e n n z e i c hne t , daß die Kapsel zum Zwecke der Lochung in einem topfartigen Behälter positio¬ niert wird, dessen Boden mit einer zentralen Öffnung für den Durchtritt des Dorns oder dgl. versehen ist.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, d adur c h g e k e n n z e i c hne t that the capsule is positioned for the purpose of perforation in a pot-like container, the bottom of which is provided with a central opening for the passage of the mandrel or the like.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 , d adur c h g e k e nn z e i ch n e t , daß durch die Vorver¬ dichtung das Pulver auf eine Dichte von etwa 70 % der theo¬ retischen Dichte verdichtet wird.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, so that the powder is compressed to a density of about 70% of the theoretical density by the pre-compression.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, d adu r c h g'e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß durch die isosta- tische Pressung das Pulver auf eine mittlere Dichte von etwa 80 bis 95 % der theoretischen Dichte verdichtet wird.5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, d adu rchg ' ek indicates that by the isosta- table pressing the powder is compressed to an average density of about 80 to 95% of the theoretical density.
6. Verfahren" nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch g e kennze ichne t , daß die Lochung der6. The method "according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized g e ichne t that the perforation of the
Kapsel unter Verwendung eines Schmiermittels erfolgt, ins¬ besondere in Form von Glas .Capsule is carried out using a lubricant, in particular in the form of glass.
7. Kapsel, insbesondere zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 , dadurch gekennz e ichne t , daß sie einen Außen¬ mantel (8) sowie Deckel (9; 9! ) jeweils aus dünnem, duk¬ tilen Blech sowie einen Boden (14) aufweist, der zumin¬ dest einen verstärkt, d. h. dicker ausgebildeten Umfangs- rand (15) aufweist.7. capsule, in particular for performing the method according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized gekennz e ichne t that they have an outer jacket (8) and cover (9; 9 ! ) Each made of thin, ductile sheet and also has a base (14) which has at least one reinforced, ie thicker, peripheral edge (15).
8. Kapsel nach Anspruch 7, d adurch gekennz eichne t,, daß der Deckel (9 ; 9 ' ), Außenmantel (8) und Boden (14) jeweils "miteinander schweiß- verbunden (Schweißnähte 12, 25) sind.8. Capsule according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that the cover (9; 9 '), outer jacket (8) and bottom (14) are each " welded together (welds 12, 25).
9. Kapsel nach Anspruch 1, d adurch gekennz e ichne t , daß der Deckel (9 ; 9 ' ) integraler Bestandteil des Außenmantels (8) ist.9. Capsule according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the lid (9; 9 ') is an integral part of the outer casing (8).
10. Kapsel nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, dadurch gekennz e i chne t , daß der Außenmantel (8) sich jeweils konisch verjüngende Endabschnitte (18) aufweist.10. Capsule according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized gekennz e i chne t that the outer casing (8) each has conically tapered end portions (18).
11. Kapsel nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 10, dadurch g ekennz e ichne t , daß der dem Deckel (9) zugeordnete Endabschnitt des Außenmantels (8) radial nach innen gewölbt (Umfangswölbung 11 ) ausgebildet ist, oder daß der Deckel (9' ) einen zum Außenmantel (8) hin ge¬ wölbten U fangsrand (11 ' ) aufweist. 11. Capsule according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized g ekennz e ichne t that the cover (9) associated end portion of the outer casing (8) is curved radially inwards (circumferential curvature 11), or that the cover (9 ' ) has a circumferential edge (11 ') curved towards the outer jacket (8).
* 12. Kapsel nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 11 , d ad ur c h g e kenn z e i chn e t , daß der Boden (14) aus einer relativ dicken, vorzugsweise etwa 10 bis 30 mm dicken Metallplatte besteht, dessen Mittenbereich (10) entweder innenseitig oder außenseitig eine Ausnehmung aufweist, die zu einer entsprechend reduzierten Dicke des Bodens in die¬ sem Bereich von etwa 3 bis 7, insbesondere etwa 5 mm, führt. * 12. Capsule according to one of claims 7 to 11, d ad ur chge kenn zei chn et that the bottom (14) consists of a relatively thick, preferably about 10 to 30 mm thick metal plate, the central region (10) either inside or has a recess on the outside, which leads to a correspondingly reduced thickness of the base in this area of approximately 3 to 7, in particular approximately 5 mm.
13. Kapsel nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 12, d adur ch g e ke nn z e i c h ne t , daß der Deckel statt aus dünnem, duktilen Blech ähnlich wie der Boden (14) aus einer relativ dicken Metallplatte (9") besteht, die ebenso wie der Boden innen- und/oder außenseitig eine die Dicke des Bodens reduzierende Ausnehmung aufweisen kann.13. Capsule according to one of claims 7 to 12, d adur ch ge ke nn drawing ne t that the lid instead of thin, ductile sheet similar to the bottom (14) consists of a relatively thick metal plate (9 "), which also how the bottom can have a recess reducing the thickness of the bottom on the inside and / or outside.
14. Vorrichtung,- insbesondere zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, g e k e nn z e i c hne t dur c h eine topfartige Aufnahme (1 ) für die mit Pulver gefüllte und allseitig verschlossene Kapsel und einen zentral in die topfartige Aufnahme (1 ) einfahrbaren Dorn (4, 5), dem eine entsprechend zentral angeordnete Öffnung (2) im Boden der topfartigen Aufnahme (1) zugeordnet ist.14. The device, in particular for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 6, is characterized by a pot-like receptacle (1) for the capsule filled with powder and sealed on all sides and a centrally in the pot-like receptacle (1). retractable mandrel (4, 5), which is assigned a corresponding centrally arranged opening (2) in the bottom of the pot-like receptacle (1).
15. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 14, d adur c h g e ke nn z e i chn e t , daß der Dorn ( 4 , 5 ) eine kegel- oder kegelstumpfartig ausgebildete Spitze (5 bzw. 5' ) aus hochfestem Material, insbesondere Warmarbeits- stahl, Hartmetall oder Keramik umfaßt, wobei die Spitze (5; 5' ) vorzugsweise lose am freien Ende eines hin- und herbewegbaren Schaftes (4) angesetzt ist und diesen längs ihres Umfanges in radialer Richtung geringfügig überragt.15. The apparatus according to claim 14, adur chge ke nn zei chn et that the mandrel (4, 5) a cone or truncated cone-shaped tip (5 or 5 ') made of high-strength material, in particular hot-work steel, hard metal or ceramic comprises, the tip (5; 5 ') preferably being loosely attached to the free end of a reciprocating shaft (4) and slightly projecting beyond its circumference in the radial direction.
16. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 15, d ad u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der dem Schaft ( 4 ) zugewandte und über diesen geringfügig vorstehende Umfangs- rand (13; 13' ) der Spitze (5; 5') abgerundet ist.16. The apparatus according to claim 15, d urch characterized in that the shaft (4) facing and slightly protruding from this peripheral edge (13; 13 ') of the tip (5; 5') is rounded.
17. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 16, d adurch gekenn zeichne t , daß die Spitze (5 ; 5 ' ) und gegebenenfalls auch der Schaft (4) des Lochdorns mit Schmiermittel versehen ist, insbesondere in Form eines über die Spitze (5; 5r) und gegebenenfalls auch den Schaft (4) gestülpten Strumpfes (6) aus Glasfasermaterial. 17. Device according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized by the fact that the tip (5; 5 ') and optionally also the shaft (4) of the piercing mandrel is provided with lubricant, in particular in the form of a tip (5 ; 5 r ) and optionally also the stocking (6) of glass fiber material.
EP87905747A 1986-09-03 1987-09-03 Process device and sheath for producing pipes or similar elongated profiles by powder metallurgy Expired - Lifetime EP0281591B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87905747T ATE60262T1 (en) 1986-09-03 1987-09-03 METHOD, DEVICE AND CAPSULE FOR THE POWDER METALLURGICAL MANUFACTURE OF PIPES OR THE LIKE. ELONGED PROFILES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8603686 1986-09-03
SE8603686A SE8603686D0 (en) 1986-09-03 1986-09-03 HAUL

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0281591A1 true EP0281591A1 (en) 1988-09-14
EP0281591B1 EP0281591B1 (en) 1991-01-23

Family

ID=20365468

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87905747A Expired - Lifetime EP0281591B1 (en) 1986-09-03 1987-09-03 Process device and sheath for producing pipes or similar elongated profiles by powder metallurgy

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4935198A (en)
EP (1) EP0281591B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS63502840A (en)
SE (1) SE8603686D0 (en)
WO (1) WO1988001547A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE501390C2 (en) * 1989-06-01 1995-01-30 Abb Stal Ab Method for making a compound tube with a durable outer layer
JP2008231483A (en) * 2007-03-19 2008-10-02 Nikkeikin Aluminium Core Technology Co Ltd Case for rolling powder alloy
US8376726B2 (en) * 2009-08-20 2013-02-19 General Electric Company Device and method for hot isostatic pressing container having adjustable volume and corner
US8303289B2 (en) * 2009-08-24 2012-11-06 General Electric Company Device and method for hot isostatic pressing container
US9267184B2 (en) 2010-02-05 2016-02-23 Ati Properties, Inc. Systems and methods for processing alloy ingots
US8230899B2 (en) 2010-02-05 2012-07-31 Ati Properties, Inc. Systems and methods for forming and processing alloy ingots
US10207312B2 (en) 2010-06-14 2019-02-19 Ati Properties Llc Lubrication processes for enhanced forgeability
GB201015267D0 (en) * 2010-09-14 2010-10-27 Rolls Royce Plc An object forming assembly
US8789254B2 (en) 2011-01-17 2014-07-29 Ati Properties, Inc. Modifying hot workability of metal alloys via surface coating
US9199308B2 (en) 2011-09-20 2015-12-01 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Method of producing composite articles and articles made thereby
US9120150B2 (en) * 2011-12-02 2015-09-01 Ati Properties, Inc. Endplate for hot isostatic pressing canister, hot isostatic pressing canister, and hot isostatic pressing method
US9027374B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2015-05-12 Ati Properties, Inc. Methods to improve hot workability of metal alloys
US9539636B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-01-10 Ati Properties Llc Articles, systems, and methods for forging alloys
RU2551750C1 (en) * 2013-12-24 2015-05-27 федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет МИФИ" (НИЯУ МИФИ) Method of manufacturing of pipe blanks out of metal powders

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1583766A1 (en) * 1966-07-04 1970-09-24 Vyzk Ustav Tvarecich Stroju Equipment for the production of linings from metal powder
DE1758202C3 (en) * 1968-04-23 1973-12-06 Mannesmann Ag, 4000 Duesseldorf Method and device for the manufacture of dense solid or hollow profiles by powder metallurgical extrusion
US3615382A (en) * 1968-08-29 1971-10-26 Int Nickel Co Production of tubular products from metallic powders
SE441336B (en) * 1978-10-26 1985-09-30 Nyby Uddeholm Ab Capsule for the cylindrical presses for extrusion
DE3205158C1 (en) * 1982-02-13 1983-08-25 MTU Motoren- und Turbinen-Union München GmbH, 8000 München Capsule for hot isostatic pressing of highly stressed and complex shaped workpieces for turbomachinery
JPS5929082A (en) * 1982-08-09 1984-02-16 Kurita Water Ind Ltd Treatment of waste water of stack gas scrubbing in refuse incineration plant
DE3321285C2 (en) * 1983-06-13 1985-06-20 Anton 8240 Berchtesgaden Stigler Method for producing a profile from dry powder material and device for this
US4602952A (en) * 1985-04-23 1986-07-29 Cameron Iron Works, Inc. Process for making a composite powder metallurgical billet
US4722825A (en) * 1987-07-01 1988-02-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Method of fabricating a metal/ceramic composite structure

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8801547A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE8603686D0 (en) 1986-09-03
JPS63502840A (en) 1988-10-20
JPH031361B2 (en) 1991-01-10
EP0281591B1 (en) 1991-01-23
US4935198A (en) 1990-06-19
WO1988001547A1 (en) 1988-03-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE2935086C2 (en) Method and device for the production of detached hollow bodies with widely differing cross-sectional shapes
EP0281591A1 (en) Process device and sheath for producing pipes or similar elongated profiles by powder metallurgy.
DE2409668A1 (en) METHOD OF COMPRESSING A METAL POWDER COMPACT AND THE DEVICE AND COMPACT FOR CARRYING OUT THIS PROCESS
EP4045740B1 (en) Method for producing a screw foundation for securing elements in the ground
DE1943238B2 (en) Method and apparatus for producing tubular compacts
DE2458291A1 (en) FORGING PROCESS
EP0020536B1 (en) Annular casings and process for the production of tubes by powder metallurgy and process for the manufacturing of such casings
DE2211129A1 (en) Process for the production of pipes from compound material
DE2745020C3 (en) Method and device for the powder-metallurgical production of shaped bodies
DE3423146A1 (en) METHOD FOR SHAPING A RING BULB AT THE BOTTOM OF A ONE-PIECE METAL CIRCULAR VESSEL AND LIKE THIS VESSEL
DE2821752A1 (en) METHOD OF MANUFACTURING COOLED VALVES FOR COMBUSTION MACHINERY AND VALVES ACHIEVED THEREOF
DE1961923C3 (en)
DE2846658C2 (en) Metallic shell for the production of extrusion billets for the powder metallurgical production of pipes
EP1138408A2 (en) Method for making high volume hollow bodies
DE2750224A1 (en) PROCESS FOR THE FORMING OF HOLLOW CYLINDER PARTS WITH AN INTERNAL PROFILE
DE3247977A1 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR EXTRUDING A HOLLOW PROFILE
DE2901700C2 (en) Method of manufacturing a magnetron anode
DE10108861B4 (en) Device for producing a seamless hollow body with a bottom or a seamless steel tube
DE3009882C2 (en) Extruded billets for the powder metallurgical production of composite pipes
DE1961265A1 (en) Method and device for deforming materials
DE2803490A1 (en) DORN FOR HYDROSTATIC EXTRUSION PRESSES FOR PRESSING PIPES
WO1980000804A1 (en) Casings and pressed parts utilized for the extrusion of articles,particularly pipes,and manufacturing process of such casings and pressed parts
DE1777197C3 (en) Process for the production of composite material by hydrostatic extrusion and starting workpiece for carrying out the process
DE541144C (en) Process for the production of closed tubular pressure vessels, boiler parts or the like with disk-shaped floors
DE2333176C3 (en) Process for the manufacture of parts extruded from metal powder

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT DE FR GB IT SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19880909

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19891002

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: ST. ASSOC. MARIETTI & PIPPARELLI

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT DE FR GB IT SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 60262

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19910215

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3767709

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19910228

ET Fr: translation filed
GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19930811

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19930812

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19930816

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19930817

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19930820

Year of fee payment: 7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19940903

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19940903

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19940904

EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 87905747.9

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19940903

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19950531

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19950601

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 87905747.9

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050903