EP0279792A2 - Control system in the visible and/or infrared region, especially suitable for fire prevention - Google Patents

Control system in the visible and/or infrared region, especially suitable for fire prevention Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0279792A2
EP0279792A2 EP88830060A EP88830060A EP0279792A2 EP 0279792 A2 EP0279792 A2 EP 0279792A2 EP 88830060 A EP88830060 A EP 88830060A EP 88830060 A EP88830060 A EP 88830060A EP 0279792 A2 EP0279792 A2 EP 0279792A2
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EP
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Prior art keywords
visual
control system
infrared
fact
fire
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Granted
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EP88830060A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0279792B1 (en
EP0279792A3 (en
Inventor
Giorgio Pelosio
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Teletron SRL
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Teletron SRL
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/005—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion for forest fires, e.g. detecting fires spread over a large or outdoors area
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/12—Actuation by presence of radiation or particles, e.g. of infrared radiation or of ions
    • G08B17/125—Actuation by presence of radiation or particles, e.g. of infrared radiation or of ions by using a video camera to detect fire or smoke

Definitions

  • the object of the present invention is a control system in the visible and / or infrared control system, particularly suitable for the prevention of fires, which anticipates the above-mentioned evils and thereby allows a very large area of land to be controlled with a minimum of personnel.
  • the control system consists of a certain number of stations, each of which is composed of two or more video recording complexes, one sensitive to infrared radiation and the other sensitive to visible radiation, from a complex of photovoltaic feeders, which are completed by a battery of buffer accumulators, which the Perform supply, from an anti-sabotage and lightning arrester device and from one or more sensors, which are suitable for measuring the speed of the wind, its direction, the temperature of the air and the degree of moisture.
  • the control system is stored on specially designed latticeworks to be installed in particularly difficult areas.
  • the information and images of the controlled zone are e.g. transmitted by radio links to the operative center, which is located at a location preferred by the user.
  • the operational center unit which, as mentioned, receives the data, is provided with a computer, which is appropriately programmed and, after the data has been prepared, is therefore able to provide all the information that is required both on the basis of the data supplied by the weather observation center and based on the vegetation present in the zone, allow the fire to be identified and its extent and its probable rate of spread.
  • the data recorded by the recording units and transferred from the operative center to the control unit are converted and printed by an electronic computer in the form of a matrix with very dense dots into digital signals, so together with precise information for determining the zone, the extent of the Fire and other important data to be passed to the extinguishing groups.
  • both an alarm system and a protection system are provided, the latter being the subject of another property right.
  • the visual control system and / or infrared control system particularly suitable for the prevention of fires, according to the present invention, turns out to be composed of the following components: one or more optoelectronic devices sensitive to the range of infrared radiation emitted by a fire; a recording unit, preferably equipped with a Newicon tube or other transducer, which is sensitive in the visible area; a telecommunication system of video information; Sensors which are suitable to measure or measure the speed and the direction of the wind, the temperature and the humidity; an electronic card, which allows the digital conversion of the pictures and the subsequent electronic processing.
  • the quantity recorded by the units is preferably transmitted to the central control unit by means of a microwave radio link.
  • the processing system delivers a pre-alarm signal and then an alarm signal.
  • the infrared recording unit can be automatically remote controlled;
  • a dedicated unit is provided, which is composed of a directional system, a two-way or set up radio connection for the transmission of data and a programmable control card that operates the whole.
  • the department is responsible for controlling the movements of the infrared imaging units and for managing the images they capture. It provides the processing system with practically all the information it needs, be it positional information or visual information, and the system is also continuously analyzed for errors and the user is immediately informed of any malfunction in operation. It is also possible to program the control card so that combinations of sectors among a few predetermined ones are scanned by the recording units.
  • the straightening system is equipped with position transducers (ENCODERS) for the orientation of the recording units during the scanning of the zone.
  • ENCODERS position transducers
  • the infrared system is supported by another in the "visible", whose control panel responds to precise security features, such as the transition from control of the infrared to that in the visible by means of a security key with automatic return to the "infrared" position, in the event that only a single channel for video transmission is used alternately in the visible or infrared; in the case of two channels, however, the aforementioned key is not used.
  • the control system il Visible is equipped with the manual remote control of all functions of the television camera: an azimuthal and zenital swivel mechanism with regulation of the focal length and setting; a control panel; a radio link for data transmission and a microwave radio link for the transmission of the images.
  • Each of the two connections is used alternately on command in the "visible" section or in the infrared section. This section works in conjunction with the previous section and it is this which provides the commands to the television camera of the visible.
  • the radio link enables remote control of the azimuthal and zenital orientation as well as the regulation of the quick swivel and adjustment. It is extremely simple to operate and uses two industrial-style sticks.
  • the images arriving at the collection station are digitized by an appropriate interface and processed by the electronic computer.
  • the program which heads the research system, was created for the detection of illuminated spots "BRIGHT SPOT DETECTION SYSTEM", that is for a series of illuminated points, the strength of which lies above the calculated threshold.
  • the digitized image must be cleaned of background disturbances and noises.
  • the problem was solved analytically by dividing the image area into several zones: in each pixel, a statistical analysis is carried out pixel by pixel with the aim of determining the ideal threshold value for each individual when the individual spots that may be present are extracted. When this point is reached, the computer checks which of the spots determined exceeds the minimum extent, in terms of the number of pixels switched on; this extension is supplied as a date when the system is started up.
  • the program solves the latter problem by analyzing the development over time of the determined characteristic values: it compares the spots currently shown with those determined in the previous run.
  • the first step relates to determining whether the focus of the fire stops by checking whether the focus axis of the examined spots in the neighborhood corresponds to one of the spots belonging to the previous search.
  • the radius of this proximity has a predefined value and is supplied when the system is started up.
  • the "fire" alarm is triggered if the relationship between the current area of the spot and the previous area of the spot exceeds the specified value that is supplied when the system is started up (increase factor of the spot area).
  • the importance of this alarm system is obvious because it allows the men to be alerted only when there is a real need to avoid wasting time and resources. Due to the practical implementation and the technology of the area, the properties previously presented in broad lines can be changed without leaving the area of the invention, as is evident from the following claims.

Abstract

The surveillance control system uses a number of spaced surveillance stations. Each station employs two or more video surveillance devices, one of which responds to IR radiation and the other to visible radiation supplied from photovoltaic cells and associated storage batteries. Each surveillance station is protected against sabotage and lightning strikes, with auxiliary measurement of the wind velocity and wind direction, the air temp. and the relative humidity. Pref. the information is transmitted from the surveillance stations to the central control point via a radio link.

Description



Es ist bekannt das , dass eines der schwerwiegendsten Probleme während der warmen Jahreszeit , insbesondere in einigen italienischen Gebieten , aber auch in solchen anderer Länder , jenes der Brände ist ; jedes Jahr gera­ten grosse Ausdehnungen von Wald , Kulturen , usw. in Brand , sei es aufgrund natürlicher und/oder zufälliger Ursachen , sei es durch Verschulden von Übelgesinnten.It is known that one of the most serious problems during the warm season, particularly in some Italian areas, but also in other countries, is that of fires; Every year large expanses of forest, cultures, etc. catch fire, be it due to natural and / or accidental causes, or due to the fault of the ill-willed.

Die Folgen dieser Brände sind besonders schwerwie­gend und betreffen sowohl eine Störung des hydrogeolo­gischen Gleichgewichtes mit den konsequenten Erdrutschen und Überschwemmungen als auch eine natürliche Verarmung der ansässigen Bewohner , welche ein Einkommen aus der Erde und dem Fremdenverkehr ziehen , welcher durch den Mangel an Grünland unc durch die Veränderung der Land­schaft fern gehalten wird .The consequences of these fires are particularly serious and affect both a disturbance of the hydrogeological balance with the consequent landslides and floods as well as a natural impoverishment of the local residents who draw an income from the earth and tourism, which is caused by the lack of grassland and by the Change in the landscape is kept away.

Die bisher zur Überwachung von hochgefährlichen Ge­bieten verwendeten Methoden beruhen grösstenteils auf der Sichtung des Brandherdes vonseiten einer Vedette , welche in einer gegenüber dem zu kontrollierenden Ge­ bietsstreifen hohen Zone gesetzt ist . Es ist offen­sichtlich , dass diese vollkommen überholte Methode zahlreiche Nachteile aufweist : erstens , ausgesprochen übermässige Kosten ; zweitens , eine relative Zuver­lässigkeit , zumal insbesondere im Sommer und tagsüber ein Brand in den ersten Phasen nur sichtbar ist , wenn eine reichliche Rauchentwicklung zugegen ist ; fehlt dieses Element , so wird der Posten , bzw. die Vedette , den Brand erst in einer weiter vorgeschrittenen Phase sichten , d.h. die Löschung wird sich viel schwieriger erweisen ; drittens , die dürftige Eingriffsgeschwindig­keit , zumal die Vedette , nur wenn sie eine einwandfreie Kenntnis des Gebietes hat , den Löschgruppen beschreiben kann , wo sich der Brand entwickelt , anderenfalls werden sich die Löschgruppen in Schwierigkeiten befinden das Ge­biet rasch zu erreichen ; viertens , äusserst harte Ar­beitsbedingungen in jeder Jahreszeit für die in der Über­wachung beschäftigten Personen .The methods used so far to monitor highly dangerous areas are largely based on the sight of the source of the fire on the part of a Vedette, which is in a position opposite the controlled area area is set high zone. It is obvious that this completely outdated method has numerous disadvantages: first, extremely excessive costs; secondly, a relative reliability, especially since a fire is only visible in the first phases, especially in summer and during the day, if there is an abundance of smoke; if this element is missing, the item or the Vedette will only see the fire in a further advanced phase, ie extinguishing it will prove to be much more difficult; thirdly, the poor intervention speed, especially since the Vedette, only if it has a thorough knowledge of the area, can describe to the extinguishing groups where the fire is developing, otherwise the extinguishing groups will find it difficult to reach the area quickly; fourth, extremely hard working conditions in all seasons for the people working in surveillance.

Der Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Kontrollsystem im Sichtbaren und/oder Infrarotkontroll­system , besonders geeignet für die Verhütung von Brän­den , welches den erwähnten Übelständen zuvorkommt und es dabei gestattet mit einem Minimum an Personaleinsatz ein sehr grosses Landgebiet unter Kontrolle zu halten .The object of the present invention is a control system in the visible and / or infrared control system, particularly suitable for the prevention of fires, which anticipates the above-mentioned evils and thereby allows a very large area of land to be controlled with a minimum of personnel.

Das erfindungsgemässe Kontrollsystem besteht aus einer gewissen Anzahl von Stationen , indem jede von diesen aus zwei oder mehreren Videoaufnahmekomplexen zusammengesetzt ist , wobei einer gegen Infrarotstrah­lungen und der andere gegen die sichtbaren Strahlungen empfindlich ist , aus einem Komplex von photovoltai­schen Speisern , die durch eine Batterie von Puffer­akkumulatoren vervollständig sind , welche die Versor­gung vollführen , aus einer Antisabotage- und Blitzab­leitervorrichtung und aus einem oder mehreren Sensoren , welche geeignet sind die Geschwindigkeit des Windes , dessen Richtung , die Temperatur der Luft und den Feuch­tigkeitsgrad zu messen .The control system according to the invention consists of a certain number of stations, each of which is composed of two or more video recording complexes, one sensitive to infrared radiation and the other sensitive to visible radiation, from a complex of photovoltaic feeders, which are completed by a battery of buffer accumulators, which the Perform supply, from an anti-sabotage and lightning arrester device and from one or more sensors, which are suitable for measuring the speed of the wind, its direction, the temperature of the air and the degree of moisture.

Das Kontrollsystem ist auf eigens dazu erdachten Gitterwerken gelagert , um auch in besonders unwegsamen Zonen installiert zu werden .The control system is stored on specially designed latticeworks to be installed in particularly difficult areas.

Die Informationen und die Bilder der kontrollierten Zone werden z.B. mittels Funkverbindungen auf die opera­tive Zentrale übertragen , welche an einem vom Benutzer bevorzugten Ort gelegen ist .The information and images of the controlled zone are e.g. transmitted by radio links to the operative center, which is located at a location preferred by the user.

Die Einheit operative Zentrale , welcher wie er­wähnt die Daten zukommen , ist mit einem Computer ver­sehen , welcher zweckdienlich programmiert ist und nach der Ausarbeitung der Daten somit in der Lage ist alle jene Angaben zu liefern , welche sowohl aufgrund der von der Wetterbeobachtungsstelle gelieferten Daten als auch aufgrund des in der Zone zugegenen Pflanzewuches die Fest­stellung des Brandes und die Einschätzung seines Aus­masses und seiner wahrscheinlichen Verbreitungsgeschwin­digkeit gestatten .The operational center unit, which, as mentioned, receives the data, is provided with a computer, which is appropriately programmed and, after the data has been prepared, is therefore able to provide all the information that is required both on the basis of the data supplied by the weather observation center and based on the vegetation present in the zone, allow the fire to be identified and its extent and its probable rate of spread.

Immer von der operativen Zentrale aus ist es mög­lich sowohl automatisch als auch von Hand mittels eigens dazu vorgesehener Knüppel die Schwenkungen der Fernseh­kameras des Sichtbaren zu bewerkstelligen , derart um so sehr weite Zonen des Gebietes zu kontrollieren .Always from the operational center, it is possible, both automatically and manually, to move the television cameras of the visible using the specially provided sticks, in order to control very wide areas of the area.

Die von den Aufnahmeeinheiten erfassten und von der operativen Zentrale auf die Kontrolleinheit über­tragenen Daten werden von einem Elektronenrechner in Form einer Matrize mit sehr dichten Punkten in digitale Signa­le umgewandet und gedruckt , derart um so gemeinsam mit genauen Angaben für die Feststellung der Zone , des Aus­masses des Brandes und anderer wichtiger Daten den Lösch­gruppen übergeben werden zu können .The data recorded by the recording units and transferred from the operative center to the control unit are converted and printed by an electronic computer in the form of a matrix with very dense dots into digital signals, so together with precise information for determining the zone, the extent of the Fire and other important data to be passed to the extinguishing groups.

Zwecks Vermeidung dass die Fernsehkameras Gegenstand vandalischer Handlungen sind , ist sowohl ein Alarmsystem als auch ein Schutzsystem vorgesehen , wobei letzters Ge­genstand eines anderen Schutzrechtes ist .In order to avoid that the television cameras are subject to vandalism, both an alarm system and a protection system are provided, the latter being the subject of another property right.

Was bisher im wesentlichen angeführt kann anhand der nachstehenden Erläuterung des Erfindungsgenstandes besser verstanden werden .What has essentially been stated so far can be better understood from the following explanation of the subject matter of the invention.

Das Sichtkontrollsystem und/oder Infrarotkontroll­ system , besonders geeignet für die Verhütung von Brän­den , gemäss der vorliegenden Erfindung , stellt sich heraus aus folgenden Bestandteilen zusammengesetzt zu sein :
    eine oder mehrere optoelektronische Vorrichtungen , welche gegen den Bereich der Infrarotstrahlungen empfind­lich sind , die von einem Brand ausgestrahlt werden ;
    eine vorzugsweise mit einer Newicon-Röhre oder an­derem Wandler ausgestattete Aufnahmeeinheit , welche im Bereich des Sichtbaren empfindlich ist ;
    ein Fernübertragungssystem der Video-Informationen ;
    Sensoren , welche geeignet sind die Geschwindigkeit ud die Richtung des Windes , die Temperatur und die Feuchtigkeit zu erfassen , bzw. zu messen ;
    eine Elektronikkarte , welche die digitale Umwandlung der Bilder und die anschliessende elektronische Verarbei­tung gestattet .The visual control system and / or infrared control system, particularly suitable for the prevention of fires, according to the present invention, turns out to be composed of the following components:
one or more optoelectronic devices sensitive to the range of infrared radiation emitted by a fire;
a recording unit, preferably equipped with a Newicon tube or other transducer, which is sensitive in the visible area;
a telecommunication system of video information;
Sensors which are suitable to measure or measure the speed and the direction of the wind, the temperature and the humidity;
an electronic card, which allows the digital conversion of the pictures and the subsequent electronic processing.

Wie vorstenhend bereits angeführt wird das von den Einheiten erfasste Quantum vorzugsweise vermittels einer Mikrowellen-Funkverbindung auf die zentrale Kontrollein­heit übertragen .As already mentioned above, the quantity recorded by the units is preferably transmitted to the central control unit by means of a microwave radio link.

Hier wird es in digitale Signale umgewandelt , wel­che von einem Elektronikrechner in Form einer Matrize z.B. der Abmessung 256 x 256 oder auch 512 x 512 ausge­arbeitet werden .Here it is converted into digital signals, which are processed by an electronic computer in the form of a matrix, for example with the dimensions 256 x 256 or 512 x 512.

Bei Anwesenheit eines Brandes liefert die Verarbei­tungsanlage vorher ein Voralarmsignal und nachher ein Alarmsignal .In the presence of a fire, the processing system delivers a pre-alarm signal and then an alarm signal.

Die Infrarotaufnahmeeinheit kann automatisch fern­gesteuert werden ; um dies zu erreichen ist eine eigens dazu bestimmte Einheit vorgesehen , welche aus einem Richtsystem , aus einer zweigerichteten oder eingerich­teten Funkverbindung für die Übertragung der Daten und aus einer programmierbaren Kontrollkarte , welche die Gesamtheit betreibt , zusammengesetzt ist . Die Abtei­lung ist mit der Kontrolle der Bewegungen der Infrarot­aufnahmeeinheiten und mit der Verwaltung der von diesen aufgenommenen Bildern betraut . Sie liefert dem Verar­beitungssystem praktisch alle jene Informationen , wel­che es benötigt , sei es Lageinformationen sei es Sicht­informationen , wobei weiters am System eine andauernde Analyse der Fehler verrichtet wird und der Benutzer von jeder beliebigen Störung im Betrieb unverzüglich in­formiert wird . Es ist weiters möglich die Kontrollkarte zu programmieren , damit von den Aufnahmeeinheiten Kom­binationen von Sektoren unter einigen vorbestimmten ab­getastet werden .The infrared recording unit can be automatically remote controlled; In order to achieve this, a dedicated unit is provided, which is composed of a directional system, a two-way or set up radio connection for the transmission of data and a programmable control card that operates the whole. The department is responsible for controlling the movements of the infrared imaging units and for managing the images they capture. It provides the processing system with practically all the information it needs, be it positional information or visual information, and the system is also continuously analyzed for errors and the user is immediately informed of any malfunction in operation. It is also possible to program the control card so that combinations of sectors among a few predetermined ones are scanned by the recording units.

Das Richtsystem ist mit Lagewandlern (ENCODERS) für die Orientierung der Aufnahmeeinheiten während der Ab­tastung der Zone ausgestattet .The straightening system is equipped with position transducers (ENCODERS) for the orientation of the recording units during the scanning of the zone.

Das Infrarotsystem ist von einem anderen im "Sicht­baren" unterstützt , dessen Kontrollpaneel auf genaue Sicherheitsmerkmale anspricht , wie z.B. der Übergang von der Kontrolle des Infraroten auf jene im Sichtbaren vermittels eines Sicherheitsschlüssels mit automatischer Rückkehr in die "infrarote" Stellung , im Fall dass ausschliesslich ein alleiniger Kanal für die Videoüber­tragung abwechselnd im Sichtbaren oder Infraroten verwendet wird ; im Fall von zwei Kanälen ist der vorge­nannte Schlüssel hingegen unverwendet .The infrared system is supported by another in the "visible", whose control panel responds to precise security features, such as the transition from control of the infrared to that in the visible by means of a security key with automatic return to the "infrared" position, in the event that only a single channel for video transmission is used alternately in the visible or infrared; in the case of two channels, however, the aforementioned key is not used.

Das Kontrollsystem il Sichtbaren ist mit der Hand­fernsteuerung aller Funktionen der Fernsehkamera ver­sehen : ein azimutaler und zenitaler Schwenkmechanismus mit Regelung der Brennlänge und Einstellung ; eine Kon­trolltafel ; eine Funkverbindung für Datenübertragung und eine Mikrowellen-Funkverbindung für die Übertragung der Bilder . Jede der beiden Verbindungen wird abwech­selnd auf Befehl im "sichbaren" Abschnitt oder im In­frarotabschnitt verwendet . Dieser Abschnitt wirkt in Verknüpfung mit dem vorherigen Abschnitt und es ist dieser , welcher der Fernsehkamera des Sichtbaren die Befehle liefert . Vermittels der Funkverbindung ermög­licht man die Fernsteuerung der azimutalen und zenita­len Orientierung sowie die Regelungen der Schnellschwen­kung und Einstellung . Sein Betrieb ist äusserst einfach und erfolgt mittels zweier Knüppel industrieller Art .The control system il Visible is equipped with the manual remote control of all functions of the television camera: an azimuthal and zenital swivel mechanism with regulation of the focal length and setting; a control panel; a radio link for data transmission and a microwave radio link for the transmission of the images. Each of the two connections is used alternately on command in the "visible" section or in the infrared section. This section works in conjunction with the previous section and it is this which provides the commands to the television camera of the visible. The radio link enables remote control of the azimuthal and zenital orientation as well as the regulation of the quick swivel and adjustment. It is extremely simple to operate and uses two industrial-style sticks.

Wie bereits frueher angedeutet, werden die bei der Erhebungsstation eingehenden Bilder durch ein ent­sprechendes Interface digitalisiert und vom elektro­nischen Rechner verarbeitet.As indicated earlier, the images arriving at the collection station are digitized by an appropriate interface and processed by the electronic computer.

Das Programm, das das Forschungssystem leitet, wurde zur Ermittlung von Leuchtspots "BRIGHT SPOT DETECTION SYSTEM" erstellt, das heisst fuer eine Reihe von Leuchtpunkten, deren Stärke ueber der errechneten Schwelle liegt. Dazu muss das digitalisierte Bild von Hintergrundstoerungen und -geraeuschen gereinigt werden. Das Problem wurde analytisch geloest, indem die Bildflaeche in mehrere Zonen unterteilt wurde: in einer jeden wird Pixel fuer Pixel eine statistische Untersuchung mit dem Ziel angestellt, fuer jedes ein­zelne den idealen Schwellenwert bei Auszug der even­tuell vorhandenen einzelnen Spots zu ermitteln. Wenn dieser Punkt erreicht ist, prueft der Rechner, welcher der ermittelten Spots die Mindestausdehnung ueber­steigt, was die Anzahl der eingeschalteten Pixel an­betrifft; diese Ausdehnung wird bei Anfahren des Systems als Datum geliefert.The program, which heads the research system, was created for the detection of illuminated spots "BRIGHT SPOT DETECTION SYSTEM", that is for a series of illuminated points, the strength of which lies above the calculated threshold. To do this, the digitized image must be cleaned of background disturbances and noises. The problem was solved analytically by dividing the image area into several zones: in each pixel, a statistical analysis is carried out pixel by pixel with the aim of determining the ideal threshold value for each individual when the individual spots that may be present are extracted. When this point is reached, the computer checks which of the spots determined exceeds the minimum extent, in terms of the number of pixels switched on; this extension is supplied as a date when the system is started up.

Die Ausdehnung und die Bildschirmkoordinaten der Schwerachse dieser Spots werden gespeichert und fuer die einzelnen Werte wird ein Voralarmsignal ausge­druckt.The extent and the screen coordinates of the center of gravity of these spots are saved and a pre-alarm signal is printed out for the individual values.

Somit ist bekannt, dass in dem untersuchten Bereich Infrarotquellen der von uns untersuchten Art vorhanden sind, aber wir sind noch nicht sicher, dass es sich um von Menschen nicht kontrollierte Feuer­herde handelt.Thus, it is known that there are infrared sources of the type we have investigated in the area under investigation, but we are not yet certain that the fire is not controlled by humans.

Das Programm loest das letztere Problem durch Analyse der zeitlichen Entwicklung der ermittelten Kenn­werte: es vergleicht die gegenwaertig aufgezeigten Spots mit den bei vorausgegangenen Lauf ermittelten. Der erste Schritt bezieht sich auf die Festlegung, ob der Feuerherd anhaelt, indem man prueft, ob die Schwerachse der untersuchten Spots sich in der Nach­barschaft einem der dem vorausgegangenen Suchlauf angehoerdenden Spots entspricht. Der Radius dieser Naehe besitzt einen vorab festgelegten Wert und wird beim Anfahren des Systems geliefert.The program solves the latter problem by analyzing the development over time of the determined characteristic values: it compares the spots currently shown with those determined in the previous run. The first step relates to determining whether the focus of the fire stops by checking whether the focus axis of the examined spots in the neighborhood corresponds to one of the spots belonging to the previous search. The radius of this proximity has a predefined value and is supplied when the system is started up.

Falls ein Fortbestand ermittelt wird, ergeht der "Feuer" Alarm wenn die Beziehung gegenwaertige Flaeche des Spots/vorhergehende Flaeche des Spots den festgelegten Wert uebertrifft, der bei Anfahren des Systems ge­liefert wird (Steigerungsfaktor der Spotflaeche). Die Bedeutung dieses Alarmsystems ist offenkundig, denn es gestattet, die Maenner nur im Falle einer tatsaechlichen Notwendigkeit zu alarmieren und somit eine Verschwendung von Zeit und Mitteln zu vermeiden. Die bisher in grossen Zuegen dargelegten Eigenschaften koennen aufgrund der praktischen Umsetzung und der Technik der Bereiches geaendert werden, ohne den Bereich der Erfindung zu verlaasen, so wie er aus den nach­stehenden Patentanspruechen hervorgeht.If continuity is determined, the "fire" alarm is triggered if the relationship between the current area of the spot and the previous area of the spot exceeds the specified value that is supplied when the system is started up (increase factor of the spot area). The importance of this alarm system is obvious because it allows the men to be alerted only when there is a real need to avoid wasting time and resources. Due to the practical implementation and the technology of the area, the properties previously presented in broad lines can be changed without leaving the area of the invention, as is evident from the following claims.

Claims (10)

1. Kontrollsystem durch Sicht und/oder Inrarot, das besonders zur Verhuetung von Braenden geeignet ist und das durch die Tatsache gekennzeichnet wird, dass es aus einer bestimmten Anzahlt von Stationen be­steht, die jeweils aus zwei oder mehreren Videoaufnahme­anlagen besteht, von denen eine auf Infrarotstrahlungen anspricht und die andere auf die sichtbaren, aus einem Komplex von photovoltaischen Speisegeraeten, die durch eine Reihe von Pufferakkumulatoren ergaenzt werden, die die Versorgung liefern, aus einer Anti­sabotagevorrichtung und Blitzablietern und aus einem oder mehreren Sensoren, die die Windgeschwindigkeit und -richtung, die Lufttemperatur und den Feuchtigkeits­grad ermitteln.1. Control system by sight and / or infrared, which is particularly suitable for the prevention of fires and which is characterized by the fact that it consists of a certain number of stations, each consisting of two or more video recording systems, one of which is based on infrared radiation responds and the other to the visible ones, from a complex of photovoltaic power supplies, which are complemented by a series of buffer accumulators that supply the supply, from an anti-sabotage device and flash emitters and from one or more sensors that determine the wind speed and direction, the air temperature and determine the level of moisture. 2. Sicht- oder Infrarotkontrollsystem nach dem vorstehen­den Patentanspruch, das durch die Tatsache gekennzeich­net wird, dass dieses System auf Netzwerk unterge­bracht wird, das so ausgelegt ist, dass es auch in besonders unzugaenglichen Zonen installiert werden kann.2. Visual or infrared control system according to the preceding claim, which is characterized by the fact that this system is housed on a network that is designed so that it can be installed even in particularly inaccessible zones. 3. Sicht- oder Infrarotkontrollsystem nach den vor­stehenden Patentansprüchen, das durch die Tatsache gekennzeichnet wird, dass die Informationen und die Bilder aus dem kontrollierten Gebiet zum Beispiel ueber eine Richtfunkverbindung in die Betriebszent­rale uebermittelt werden, die an einem vom Nutzter bevorzugten Ort aufgestellt werden kann.3. Visual or infrared control system according to the preceding claims, which is characterized by the fact that the information and the images from the controlled area are transmitted, for example, via a radio link to the control center, which can be set up at a location preferred by the user. 4. Sicht- oder Infrarotkontrollsystem nach den vor­stehenden Patentanspruechen, das durch die Tatsache gekennzeichnet wird, dass die zentrale Betriebs­einheit, an die, wie gesagt, die Daten uebermittelt werden, mit einem entsprechen programmierten Rechner ausgestattet ist und folglich in der Lage ist, nach der entsprechenden Verarbeitung alle die Daten zu liefern, die die Ermittlung des Brandes, die Beurteilung seines Ausmasses und seine wahrschein­liche Ausdehnungsgeschwindigkeit sowohl aufgrund der von der meteorologischen Zentrale gelieferten Daten als auch aufgrund der in dem Gebiet vorhandenen Vegetation gestatten.4. Visual or infrared control system according to the preceding claims, which is characterized by the fact that the central operating unit, to which, as I said, the data is transmitted, is equipped with a correspondingly programmed computer and is consequently able, according to appropriate processing to provide all the data necessary to determine the fire, assess its magnitude and likely rate of expansion based both on the data provided by the meteorological center and on the vegetation present in the area. 5. Sicht- oder Infrarotkonstrollsystem nach den vor­stehenden Patentanspruechen, die durch die Tatsache gekennzeichnet wird, dass man von der Betriebszen­trale aus sowohl automatisch als von Hand ueber entsprechende Cloches die Schwenkungen der Infrarot- und Sichtfernsehkameras bedienen kann, damit sehr ausgedehnte Gebiete kontrolliert werden.5. Visual or infrared control system according to the preceding claims, which is characterized by the fact that one can operate the swivels of the infrared and visual television cameras from the control center both automatically and manually via corresponding cloches, so that very extensive areas are controlled. 6. Sicht- oder Infrarotkontrollsystem nach den vor­stehenden Patentanspruechen, das durch die Tatsache gekennzeichnet wird, dass die von den Aufnahmegeraeten ermittelten und an die Betriebszentrale an die Kontroll­einheit uebertragenen Daten durch einen elektronischen Rechner in Digitalsignale in Form einer sehr engen Punktmatrize umgewandelt und ausgedruckt werden, sodass sie den Feuerwehrmanschaften zusammen mit genauen Daten zur Ermittlung der Zone, der Ausdehnung des Feuers und anderen nuetzlichen Daten geliefert werden koennen.6. Visual or infrared control system according to the preceding claims, which is characterized by the fact that the data determined by the recording devices and transmitted to the control center by the control unit are converted by an electronic computer into digital signals in the form of a very narrow dot matrix and printed out, so that they can be provided to fire departments along with precise data to determine the zone, the extent of the fire and other useful data. 7. Sicht- oder Infrarotkontrollsystem nach den vor­stehenden Patentanspruechen, das durch die Tatsache gekennzeichnet ist, dass sowohl ein Allarm- als auch ein Schutzsystem vorgesehen ist, das wandalische Taten an dem Ermittlungssystem verhueten soll.7. Visual or infrared control system according to the preceding claims, which is characterized by the fact that both an alarm and a protection system is provided which is intended to prevent vandalism in the detection system. 8. Sicht- oder Infrarotkontrollsystem, das nach den vorstehenden Patentanspruechen besonders zur Verhuetung von Braenden geeignet ist und das dadurch gekennzeich­net ist, dass es mit einem computergesteuerten Feueralarm­system ausgestatet ist, das auf der Verarbeitung von Bildern und insbesondere auf Spots basiert, deren Leuchtkraft eine bestimmte Schwelle uebersteigt und der Alarm nur dann erfolgt, wenn nach mehreren Infrarot- oder Sichtlaeufen das Verhaeltnis gegenwaertige Flaeche des Spots/vorherige Flaeche des Spots den bei Anfahren des Systems festgelegten Wert uebersteigt.8. Visual or infrared control system, which according to the preceding claims is particularly suitable for the prevention of fires and which is characterized in that it is equipped with a computer-controlled fire alarm system which is based on the processing of images and in particular on spots, the luminosity of which determines a certain level Threshold exceeds and the alarm only occurs if, after several infrared or visual runs, the ratio of the current area of the spot / previous area of the spot exceeds the value specified when the system was started. 9. Sicht- oder Infrarotkontrollsystem, das nach den vorstehenden Patentanspruechen besonders zur Verhuetung von Braenden geeignet und durch die Tatsache gekennzeich­net ist, dass der fuer die Sichtkontrolle vorgesehene Bereich automatisch ueber die durch Verarbeitung der Infrarotbilder gelieferten Daten aktiviert und auf den Brandherd zentriert werden kann.9. Visual or infrared control system which, according to the preceding claims, is particularly suitable for preventing fires and is characterized by the fact that the area provided for visual inspection can be automatically activated via the data supplied by processing the infrared images and centered on the source of the fire. 10. Sicht- und Infrarotkontrollsystem, das nach den vorstehenden Patentanspruechen besonders fuer die Verhuetung von Braenden geeignet und durch die Tat­sache gekennzeichent ist, dass es ausser fuer den vorgesehenen Einsatz auch aus Sicherheitsgruenden dazu benutzt werden kann, um durch entsprechende Aenderungen an den Wandlern und an der Software stillstehende und sich bewegende Gegenstaende zu ermitteln und die Koordinaten sowie eventuelle Verschiebungen gegenueber der Landschaft oder Hinter­grundgegenstaende in vorab festgelegten Zonen zu berechnen.10. Visual and infrared control system, which according to the preceding claims is particularly suitable for the prevention of fires and is characterized by the fact that it can also be used for safety reasons, in addition to the intended use, to make appropriate changes to the transducers and the software to determine stationary and moving objects and to calculate the coordinates as well as possible displacements in relation to the landscape or background objects in predetermined zones.
EP88830060A 1987-02-19 1988-02-19 Control system in the visible and/or infrared region, especially suitable for fire prevention Expired - Lifetime EP0279792B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT8747659A IT1206251B (en) 1987-02-19 1987-02-19 VISIBLE AND / OR INFRARED CONTROL SYSTEM PARTICULARLY SUITABLE FOR FIRE PREVENTION
IT4765987 1987-02-19

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EP0279792A2 true EP0279792A2 (en) 1988-08-24
EP0279792A3 EP0279792A3 (en) 1990-05-30
EP0279792B1 EP0279792B1 (en) 1994-11-09

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DE (1) DE3852047D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2065926T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3015042T3 (en)
IT (1) IT1206251B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2070710A2 (en) * 1993-02-10 1995-06-01 Nacional Bazan De Construccion A system for the monitoring and detection of heat sources in open areas.
US5734335A (en) * 1989-12-20 1998-03-31 Finmeccanica S.P.A. Forest surveillance and monitoring system for the early detection and reporting of forest fires

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA921598A (en) * 1969-12-29 1973-02-20 Byron Melville Television surveillance system
FR2224818A1 (en) * 1973-04-05 1974-10-31 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Forest fire detection appts - responsive to visible or infra red radiation in area surrounding observation post
EP0117162A1 (en) * 1983-01-13 1984-08-29 François Patrice Didier Brown de Colstoun Method for the detection of a heat source particularly of a forest fire in a controlled zone, and system for the application of this method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA921598A (en) * 1969-12-29 1973-02-20 Byron Melville Television surveillance system
FR2224818A1 (en) * 1973-04-05 1974-10-31 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Forest fire detection appts - responsive to visible or infra red radiation in area surrounding observation post
EP0117162A1 (en) * 1983-01-13 1984-08-29 François Patrice Didier Brown de Colstoun Method for the detection of a heat source particularly of a forest fire in a controlled zone, and system for the application of this method

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Title
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5734335A (en) * 1989-12-20 1998-03-31 Finmeccanica S.P.A. Forest surveillance and monitoring system for the early detection and reporting of forest fires
ES2070710A2 (en) * 1993-02-10 1995-06-01 Nacional Bazan De Construccion A system for the monitoring and detection of heat sources in open areas.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT8747659A0 (en) 1987-02-19
EP0279792B1 (en) 1994-11-09
ES2065926T3 (en) 1995-03-01
IT1206251B (en) 1989-04-14
DE3852047D1 (en) 1994-12-15
EP0279792A3 (en) 1990-05-30
GR3015042T3 (en) 1995-05-31

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