EP0270543B1 - Aerial plug socket - Google Patents

Aerial plug socket Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0270543B1
EP0270543B1 EP86905277A EP86905277A EP0270543B1 EP 0270543 B1 EP0270543 B1 EP 0270543B1 EP 86905277 A EP86905277 A EP 86905277A EP 86905277 A EP86905277 A EP 86905277A EP 0270543 B1 EP0270543 B1 EP 0270543B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
outlet device
fact
per
antenna outlet
base
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86905277A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0270543A1 (en
Inventor
Manfred Burkert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuba Hans Kolbe and Co
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Hans Kolbe and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hans Kolbe and Co filed Critical Hans Kolbe and Co
Priority to AT86905277T priority Critical patent/ATE76226T1/en
Publication of EP0270543A1 publication Critical patent/EP0270543A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0270543B1 publication Critical patent/EP0270543B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
    • H01R4/38—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a clamping member acted on by screw or nut
    • H01R4/42—Clamping area to one side of screw only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2103/00—Two poles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
    • H01R24/38—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure having concentrically or coaxially arranged contacts
    • H01R24/40—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure having concentrically or coaxially arranged contacts specially adapted for high frequency
    • H01R24/52—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure having concentrically or coaxially arranged contacts specially adapted for high frequency mounted in or to a panel or structure
    • H01R24/525—Outlets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R9/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, e.g. terminal strips or terminal blocks; Terminals or binding posts mounted upon a base or in a case; Bases therefor
    • H01R9/03—Connectors arranged to contact a plurality of the conductors of a multiconductor cable, e.g. tapping connections
    • H01R9/05—Connectors arranged to contact a plurality of the conductors of a multiconductor cable, e.g. tapping connections for coaxial cables
    • H01R9/0524—Connection to outer conductor by action of a clamping member, e.g. screw fastening means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an antenna socket for high frequency ranges according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Antenna sockets previously on the market transmit frequencies up to approx. 860 MHz in compliance with the requirements imposed on the HF-tightness and consequently on the connection technology of the coaxial cables for both the inner conductor and the outer conductor.
  • antenna sockets suitable for very high frequencies in order to be able to transmit signals received from satellites after conversion and processing in the frequency range above 860 MHz, especially in cable television systems.
  • the transmission and decoupling of these very high frequencies places special demands with regard to HF tightness and, in connection therewith, to the connection technology of the Coaxial cable.
  • the pressure element is designed as a metal clamping arm which carries a plastic pressure pin and can be pivoted about an axis running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the coaxial cable in such a way that the pressure pin against the inserted inner conductor and presses it onto a flat connection contact which is molded into an abutment surrounding it. It has been shown that with the aid of such a clamping device for the inner conductor of the coaxial cable, the requirements with regard to HF tightness and in particular the mechanics, particularly with regard to strain relief, cannot be met. The clamp arm is locked in the operating position. Overall, therefore, the clamping device for the inner conductor cannot be adapted to different inner conductor diameters of the coaxial cable to be connected, or can only be adapted inadequately.
  • the invention has for its object to make an antenna socket according to the preamble of claim 1 with respect to HF-tightness and thus the connection technology suitable for very high frequencies and in particular for frequencies up to about 1.8 GHz.
  • connection of the outer conductors of the coaxial cables to be connected is also decisively improved with regard to the described requirements for the very high frequencies.
  • every clamping device for the outer conductor consists of a metal clamping arm which is arranged in the insertion direction in front of the inner conductor clamping device and which is pivotably mounted on the base carrier, which lies with a clamping surface against the outer conductor, and a metal clamping surface arranged on the base carrier and opposite the clamping surface, the clamping surface and the clamping surface being the outer conductor detect and clamp in the operating position, achieved by the measures according to claim 6.
  • the clamping arm adapts to the different diameters of the cable outer conductors, including their detected insulating sheaths, in such a way that complete contact and complete pressure is mechanically ensured on the full clamping surface due to the swiveling and vertical displaceability.
  • a safe electrical contact and a safe strain relief is achieved even for the very high frequencies.
  • a particularly expedient design which is also easy to handle, is achieved by the features of claim 7.
  • the guides can be easily formed and fastened to the basic carrier, and the clamping arm with its pivot pins can be simply inserted and a stop limitation can be made by simply deforming the upper slot ends.
  • a particularly favorable design both with regard to making contact and with regard to strain relief even with the most varied cable diameters is achieved by the ribbing according to claim 8.
  • the effect of the clamping ribs is reinforced by the design of the rib heights according to claim 9.
  • With the same force development when screwing the clamping arm the pressing pressure on the outer conductor and also on the insulated cable sheath recorded more strongly because of the reduced contact surface due to the ribbing, that is to say a line contact.
  • the strain relief is thus decisively improved.
  • An improvement in the shielding effect, in particular with regard to the very high frequencies to be transmitted, is achieved with the measure according to claim 10.
  • This shielding effect is significantly improved by the side shielding walls in accordance with the measure according to claim 11.
  • the measure according to claim 12 in turn leads to a safe ground contact and thus to an even greater shielding effect of the clamping arm in connection with the shielding walls inside the box.
  • the measures according to claim 13 ensure that the swivel mechanism for the swivel arm only acts when the clamping arm has been pulled up to the limit stop within the lateral guides.
  • the metal tongue acts like a spring tongue and thus leads to an automatic locking in the pivoting position of the clamping arm, so that the clamping arm cannot fall down unintentionally when the coaxial cable to be connected is installed.
  • the measure according to claim 14 entails an extremely simple design with the described safe contacting, strain relief and shielding.
  • the antenna socket initially has, in the usual way, a metal base support 1, which is also referred to as a chassis.
  • the usual coaxial plug-in elements 2 (plug or socket) for the plug connection of connecting cables are arranged on this base support.
  • On the underside is the usual circuit board 3, which carries the desired electrical components.
  • the antenna socket is closed below by the closure parts 4, which need not be explained in more detail here.
  • the antenna socket shown here is designed as a double socket in the usual way.
  • the embodiment of the invention described below therefore always relates to the training for the connection of two coaxial cables.
  • Each receptacle 6 is block-shaped from insulating material with lateral guide walls, as shown in FIG. 1, and whose function will be described below.
  • the connecting end of the wire end 10 forming the connection contact which leads into the socket, runs in a slot in a guide wall of the receiving piece 6, in the exemplary embodiment in the guide wall on the left in each case.
  • the clamping device for the inner conductor also consists of a pressure element which consists of a guide piece 13 which can be tightened by a screw 12 in the direction of the abutment 9 and which is displaceably guided on and in the receiving piece 6 and which carries a pressure piece 14.
  • the pressure piece 14 consists of insulating material.
  • the rest of the guide piece 13 is either made of plastic or, if the strength requires it, of a firmer material than the pressure piece, in particular of metal.
  • Each pressure piece 14, as can be seen when the parts in FIG. 1 are viewed together, is displaceably guided in the associated recess 8 of the receiving piece 6 surrounding the abutment 9.
  • Fig. 4 shows the guide piece 13 with its pressure piece 14 and the screw 12 on an enlarged scale, with respect to the abutment or receiving piece only with the parts used for explanation.
  • the recesses 8 are open in the direction of the coaxial cable to be inserted, the inner conductor to be inserted.
  • the surface of the abutment 9 is inclined transversely to the wire end 10, namely roof-shaped, profiled.
  • the associated pressure surface of the pressure piece 14 is profiled. If the pressure piece 14 is thus tightened against the abutment 9 with the inner conductor 10a inserted with the aid of the screw 12 and via the guide piece 13, the inner conductor 10a deforms in accordance with the upper profile running with the wire end 10 resting thereon and is thus securely contacted and mechanically fixed securely.
  • the clamping device for the outer conductor is designed in the following way:
  • a clamping arm 15 can be pivoted above the base support 1 about an axis lying in the direction of insertion behind the inner conductor clamping device and running transversely to the longitudinal axis of the connecting cable, and in lateral guides upward limited to stop perpendicular to the connecting cable longitudinal axis slidably mounted and in the operating position against the outer conductor of the coaxial cable, designated 16 in Fig. 4, screwed.
  • the lateral guides consist of vertical slotted guide rails 17, as can best be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • a lateral pivot pin 19 of the clamping arm 15 engages in the slots 18 of the guide rails 17.
  • the slots 18 are narrowed at the top to limit the stop, for example by angling a web as shown at 20 in FIG. 3. It can thus be seen that the clamping arm 15 is displaceable in the guide slots 18 perpendicular to the plane of the base support and also via the pivot pin 19 is pivotable.
  • the clamping surface of the clamping arm 15 is ribbed transversely to the longitudinal direction of the connecting cable by ribs 21 rounded in its longitudinal direction.
  • the rib sleeves are increasingly formed in the direction of insertion.
  • the ribs moving on the metal outer conductor of the coaxial cable are provided with a larger contact surface than the subsequent ribs, which lie on the insulating jacket of the cable, as can be clearly seen from FIG. 2.
  • the clamping surface with the ribs 21 of the clamping arm 15 is assigned a clamping support 22, which is also ribbed transversely to the longitudinal direction of the connecting cable, as shown in FIG. 2 in particular by the ribs 23 which show the increasing rib height and width the bearing surfaces are designed according to the ribs 21 on the clamping arm 15.
  • a metal tongue 24 is arranged on the base support between the lateral guide rails 17 and cooperates with a projection 25 provided on the clamping arm edge in such a way that the clamping arm in the position pulled up against the guide stop 20 according to FIG. 2 is pivotable and can be locked automatically in the raised position.
  • Fig. 2 shows this position.
  • the clamping arm 15 has, in its area surrounding the inner conductor clamping device, downward-facing side walls 26.
  • screen walls 27 are arranged in this area, that is to say at least in the area of the side cheeks 26, on the base support 1, which are additionally each covered with contact springs 28, here in the manner of cage springs, which thus act against the side cheeks 26 of the clamp arm 15 in its in Fig. 3 shown operating position firmly and resiliently.
  • the clamping arm With the help of the captive nut 29 held in the clamping arm 15, the clamping arm can be firmly screwed onto the screw pin 30 in the clamping and operating position.
  • the pressure piece 14 (FIG. 4) can either be fastened to the guide piece 13 as a special component, or it can be formed in one piece with the guide piece 13 when producing both parts from plastic.

Landscapes

  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Multi-Conductor Connections (AREA)
  • Connections By Means Of Piercing Elements, Nuts, Or Screws (AREA)

Abstract

The aerial plug socket for high frequency ranges has a base, which carries the coaxial plug elements for the plug-in connection, and, arranged on this, clamping devices for the inner conductor on the one hand and, on the other, the outer conductor of each coaxial cable leading into the socket. Each clamping element for the inner conductor consists of a support block of insulating material with a connection contact and a pressure element with a pressure piece made of insulating material which presses against the inner conductor and the connection contact. The latter consists of a wire end (10) placed on the support block (9) and the pressure element and of a guide-piece (13) which can be tightened by a screw (12) in the direction of the support block (6, 9) and movably guided on and in the support block; the guide-piece (13) carries the pressure piece (14), which is movably guided in a recess (8) of a receiving piece (6) containing the support block (9), made of insulating material, the recess (8) being open on one side for insertion of the inner conductor (10a) and being shaped on the base in the form of a support block (9).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Antennensteckdose für hohe Frequenzbereiche nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to an antenna socket for high frequency ranges according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bisher auf dem Markt befindliche Antennensteckdosen übertragen unter Einhaltung der dafür gestellten Anforderungen an die HF-Dichtigkeit und damit zusammenhängend an die Anschlußtechnik der Koaxialkabel sowohl beim Innenleiter als auch beim Außenleiter Frequenzen bis zu ca. 860 MHz. In vermehrtem Maß wird nun gewünscht, Antennensteckdosen auch für sehr hohe Frequenzen tauglich zu machen, um auch von Satelliten empfangene Signale nach Umsetzung und Aufbereitung in dem oberhalb von 860 MHz liegenden Frequenzbereich, insbesondere in Kabelfernsehanlagen, übertragen zu können. Die Übertragung und Auskopplung dieser sehr hohen Frequenzen stellt besondere Anforderungen hinsichtlich der HF-Dichtigkeit und damit zusammenhängend an die Anschlußtechnik der Koaxialkabel.Antenna sockets previously on the market transmit frequencies up to approx. 860 MHz in compliance with the requirements imposed on the HF-tightness and consequently on the connection technology of the coaxial cables for both the inner conductor and the outer conductor. Increasingly, it is now desired to make antenna sockets suitable for very high frequencies in order to be able to transmit signals received from satellites after conversion and processing in the frequency range above 860 MHz, especially in cable television systems. The transmission and decoupling of these very high frequencies places special demands with regard to HF tightness and, in connection therewith, to the connection technology of the Coaxial cable.

Bei einer bereits im Gebrauch befindlichen Antennensteckdose mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 ist das Andrückelement als ein metallener Klemmarm ausgebildet, der einen Kunststoff-Andruckstift trägt und um eine parallel zur Koaxialkabellängsachse verlaufende Achse derart schwenkbar ist, daß sich der Andruckstift gegen den eingeschobenen Innenleiter und diesen auf einen flächigen Anschlußkontakt drückt, der in einem ihn umgebendes Widerlager eingeformt ist. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß mithilfe einer derartigen Klemmvorrichtung für den Innenleiter des Koaxialkabels die Anforderungen hinsichtlich der HF-Dichtigkeit und insbesondere der Mechanik vor allem hinsichtlich der Zugentlastung nicht erfüllt werden können. Der Klemmarm wird in der Betriebslage schnappend verriegelt. Insgesamt läßt sich daher die Klemmvorrichtung für den Innenleiter nicht oder nur unzureichend an unterschiedliche Innenleiterdurchmesser des anzuschließenden Koaxialkabels anpassen.In an antenna socket already in use with the features of the preamble of claim 1, the pressure element is designed as a metal clamping arm which carries a plastic pressure pin and can be pivoted about an axis running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the coaxial cable in such a way that the pressure pin against the inserted inner conductor and presses it onto a flat connection contact which is molded into an abutment surrounding it. It has been shown that with the aid of such a clamping device for the inner conductor of the coaxial cable, the requirements with regard to HF tightness and in particular the mechanics, particularly with regard to strain relief, cannot be met. The clamp arm is locked in the operating position. Overall, therefore, the clamping device for the inner conductor cannot be adapted to different inner conductor diameters of the coaxial cable to be connected, or can only be adapted inadequately.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Antennensteckdose nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 hinsichtlich der HF-Dichtigkeit und damit zusammenhängend der Anschlußtechnik für sehr hohe Frequenzen und insbesondere für Frequenzen bis ca. 1,8 GHz tauglich zu machen.The invention has for its object to make an antenna socket according to the preamble of claim 1 with respect to HF-tightness and thus the connection technology suitable for very high frequencies and in particular for frequencies up to about 1.8 GHz.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 löst.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Die in den Ansprüchen 3 bis 5 gekennzeichneten Merkmale bzw. Maßnahmen dienen der weiteren Ausgestaltung der Klemmvorrichtung für den Innenleiter nach der Erfindung hinsichtlich der Kompaktheit, der sicheren Führung und der sicheren Kontaktgabe und Halterung. Sämtliche verwendete Teile sind einfach gestaltet und sicher zueinander angeordnet und aneinander geführt.The features and measures characterized in claims 3 to 5 serve for the further configuration of the clamping device for the inner conductor according to the invention with regard to compactness, reliable guidance and reliable contacting and holding. All parts used are simply designed and securely arranged and guided together.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird auch der Anschluß der Außenleiter der anzuschließenden Koaxialkabel hinsichtlich der geschilderten Anforderungen an die sehr hohen Frequenzen entscheidend verbessert. Dies wird bei einer Antennensteckdose, bei der jede Klemmvorrichtung für den Außenleiter aus einem in Einschubrichtung vor der Innenleiter-Klemmvorrichtung angeordneten schwenkbar am Grundträger gelagerten metallenen Klemmarm, der sich mit einer Klemmfläche gegen den Außenleiter legt, und einer auf dem Grundträger angeordneten, der Klemmfläche gegenüberliegenden metallenen Klemmauflage besteht, wobei Klemmfläche und Klemmauflage den Außenleiter in der Betriebslage erfassen und festklemmen, durch die Maßnahmen nach Anspruch 6 erreicht. Hierdurch wird erreicht, daß auch Kabel mit unterschiedlichsten Durchmessern auch an ihren Außenleitern stets vollflächig mit vollständigem elektrischem Kontakt gehalten und auch vollständig zugentlastet werden können. Der Klemmarm paßt sich infolge der Schwenk- und senkrechten Verschiebbarkeit den unterschiedlichen Durchmessern der Kabelaußenleiter einschließlich von deren erfaßten Isoliermänteln derart an, daß stets auf der vollen Klemmfläche ein vollständiger Kontakt und vollständige Andruck in mechanischer Hinsicht gesichert ist. Somit ist auch für die sehr hohen Frequenzen ein sicherer elektrischer Kontakt und eine sichere Zugentlastung erreicht.In a further embodiment of the invention, the connection of the outer conductors of the coaxial cables to be connected is also decisively improved with regard to the described requirements for the very high frequencies. This will be the case with an antenna socket where every clamping device for the outer conductor consists of a metal clamping arm which is arranged in the insertion direction in front of the inner conductor clamping device and which is pivotably mounted on the base carrier, which lies with a clamping surface against the outer conductor, and a metal clamping surface arranged on the base carrier and opposite the clamping surface, the clamping surface and the clamping surface being the outer conductor detect and clamp in the operating position, achieved by the measures according to claim 6. This ensures that even cables with different diameters can always be held on their outer conductors over their entire area with complete electrical contact and can also be completely relieved of strain. The clamping arm adapts to the different diameters of the cable outer conductors, including their detected insulating sheaths, in such a way that complete contact and complete pressure is mechanically ensured on the full clamping surface due to the swiveling and vertical displaceability. Thus, a safe electrical contact and a safe strain relief is achieved even for the very high frequencies.

Eine besonders zweckmäßige Bauform, die auch leicht handhabbar ist, wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 7 erreicht. Die Führungen lassen sich einfach ausbilden und am Grundträger befestigen, und es kann der Klemmarm mit seinen Schwenkzapfen einfach eingeführt und durch einfache Verformung an den oberen Schlitzenden eine Anschlagbegrenzung vorgenommen werden.A particularly expedient design, which is also easy to handle, is achieved by the features of claim 7. The guides can be easily formed and fastened to the basic carrier, and the clamping arm with its pivot pins can be simply inserted and a stop limitation can be made by simply deforming the upper slot ends.

Eine besonders günstige Gestaltung sowohl hinsichtlich der Kontaktgabe als auch hinsichtlich der Zugentlastung auch bei den unterschiedlichsten Kabeldurchmessern wird durch die Rippung nach Anspruch 8 erreicht. Die Wirkung der klemmenden Rippen wird noch verstärkt durch die Gestaltung der Rippenhöhen nach Anspruch 9. Bei gleicher Kraftentwicklung beim Festschrauben des Klemmarms wird der Preßdruck auf den Außenleiter und auch auf die mit erfaßte isolierende Kabelumhüllung kräftiger wegen der durch die Rippung verminderten Auflagefläche, also einen Linienkontakt. Es wird somit auch die Zugentlastung entscheidend verbessert. In Verbindung mit der senkrechten Verschiebbarkeit des Klemmarms wird insgesamt eine außerordentlich sichere und allen Durchmesserunterschieden sich anpassende Kontaktgabe und Festlegung des Kabels erzielt. Eine Verbesserung der Abschirmwirkung insbesondere hinsichtlich der zu übertragenden sehr hohen Frequenzen wird mit der Maßnahme nach dem Anspruch 10 erreicht. Diese Abschirmwirkung wird ganz wesentlich verbessert durch die seitlichen Schirmwände entsprechend der Maßnahme nach dem Anspruch 11. Die Maßnahme nach dem Anspruch 12 wiederum führt zu einem sicheren Massekontakt und damit zu einer noch verstärkten Abschirmwirkung des Klemmarms in Verbindung mit den Schirmwänden innerhalb der Dose.A particularly favorable design both with regard to making contact and with regard to strain relief even with the most varied cable diameters is achieved by the ribbing according to claim 8. The effect of the clamping ribs is reinforced by the design of the rib heights according to claim 9. With the same force development when screwing the clamping arm the pressing pressure on the outer conductor and also on the insulated cable sheath recorded more strongly because of the reduced contact surface due to the ribbing, that is to say a line contact. The strain relief is thus decisively improved. In connection with the vertical displaceability of the clamping arm, an extremely safe contacting and fixing of the cable, which adapts to all diameter differences, is achieved overall. An improvement in the shielding effect, in particular with regard to the very high frequencies to be transmitted, is achieved with the measure according to claim 10. This shielding effect is significantly improved by the side shielding walls in accordance with the measure according to claim 11. The measure according to claim 12 in turn leads to a safe ground contact and thus to an even greater shielding effect of the clamping arm in connection with the shielding walls inside the box.

Durch die Maßnahmen nach dem Anspruch 13 wird erreicht, daß der Schwenkmechanismus für den Schwenkarm erst dann wirkt, wenn der Klemmarm bis zu der Anschlagbegrenzung innerhalb der seitlichen Führungen hochgezogen worden ist. Die Metallzunge wirkt nach Art einer Federzunge und führt so zu einer selbsttätigen Arretierung in der Schwenkstellung des Klemmarms, so daß der Klemmarm beim Montieren der anzuschließenden Koaxialkabel nicht unbeabsichtigt herunterfallen kann.The measures according to claim 13 ensure that the swivel mechanism for the swivel arm only acts when the clamping arm has been pulled up to the limit stop within the lateral guides. The metal tongue acts like a spring tongue and thus leads to an automatic locking in the pivoting position of the clamping arm, so that the clamping arm cannot fall down unintentionally when the coaxial cable to be connected is installed.

Bei einer Antennensteckdose für den gleichzeitigen Anschluß zweier paralleler Koaxialkabel bringt unter Anwendung der vorher geschilderten und gekennzeichneten Merkmale die Maßnahme nach dem Anspruch 14 eine außerordentlich einfache Bauform mit der geschilderten sicheren Kontaktgabe, Zugentlastung und Abschirmung mit sich.In the case of an antenna socket for the simultaneous connection of two parallel coaxial cables, using the features described and identified above, the measure according to claim 14 entails an extremely simple design with the described safe contacting, strain relief and shielding.

Merkmale, weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine schaubildliche, explosionsartig auseinandergezogene Darstellung einer Antennensteckdose nach der Erfindung,
  • Fig. 2 eine schaubildliche Ansicht der Antennensteckdose mit hochgeschwenktem Klemmarm,
  • Fig. 3 eine schaubildliche Darstellung entsprechend Fig. 2 mit in Betriebslage geschwenktem und festgeschraubtem Klemmarm und
  • Fig. 4 eine schaubildliche Detailansicht aus der erfindungsgemäßen Klemmvorrichtung für den Innenleiter des anzuschließenden Koaxialkabels.
Features, further advantages and details of the invention are explained with reference to an embodiment of the invention with reference to the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 is a diagrammatic, exploded exploded view of an antenna socket according to the invention,
  • 2 is a perspective view of the antenna socket with the clamp arm pivoted up,
  • Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic representation corresponding to FIG. 2 with the clamp arm pivoted and screwed into the operating position and
  • Fig. 4 is a detailed perspective view of the clamping device according to the invention for the inner conductor of the coaxial cable to be connected.

Die Antennensteckdose weist zunächst in üblicher Weise einen metallenen Grundträger 1 auf, der auch als Chassis bezeichnet wird. An diesem Grundträger sind die üblichen Koaxialsteckelemente 2 (Stecker bzw. Buchse) für den Steckanschluß von Anschlußkabeln angeordnet. Auf der Unterseite befindet sich die übliche Leiterplatte 3, die die gewünschten elektrischen Bauelemente trägt. Ferner wird unten die Antennensteckdose durch die Verschlußteile 4 verschlossen, was hier nicht näher erläutert zu werden braucht.The antenna socket initially has, in the usual way, a metal base support 1, which is also referred to as a chassis. The usual coaxial plug-in elements 2 (plug or socket) for the plug connection of connecting cables are arranged on this base support. On the underside is the usual circuit board 3, which carries the desired electrical components. Furthermore, the antenna socket is closed below by the closure parts 4, which need not be explained in more detail here.

Die hier dargestellte Antennensteckdose ist als Doppelsteckdose in üblicher Weise ausgebildet. Das im folgenden beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung bezieht sich daher stets auf die Ausbildung für den Anschluß von zwei Koaxialkabeln.The antenna socket shown here is designed as a double socket in the usual way. The embodiment of the invention described below therefore always relates to the training for the connection of two coaxial cables.

Im folgenden wird zunächst die erfindungsgemäße Klemmvorrichtung für die Innenleiter der seitlich in die Antennensteckdose einzuführender Koaxialkabel beschrieben.In the following, the clamping device according to the invention for the inner conductor of the coaxial cable to be inserted laterally into the antenna socket is first described.

In Ausnehmungen 5 im metallenen Grundträger sind zwei Aufnahmestücke 6 aus Isolierstoff hindurchgeführt, die auf einer Traverse 7 aus Isolierstoff unterhalb des Grundträgers gehalten sind. In einer Ausnehmung 8 jedes Aufnahmestücks 6 ist an deren Boden ein Widerlager geformt, wie dies deutlicher in schematischer Darstellung bei 9 in Fig. 4 ersichtlich ist. Auf dieses Widerlager 9 ist jeweils quer zum einzuschiebenden Innenleiter 10 (Fig. 4) des anzuschließenden Koaxialkabels ein Drahtende aufgelegt, dessen weiterer Verlauf nach unten zum jeweiligen Anschluß an die elektrischen Bauteile der Leiterplatte geführt ist. Es ragt somit das Drahtende 10 quer zur Einschubrichtung des Kabelinnenleiters in die Ausnehmung 8 hinein. Jedes Aufnahmestück 6 ist blockförmig aus Isolierstoff mit seitlichen Führungswandungen geformt, wie Fig. 1 zeigt, und deren Funktion im folgenden noch beschrieben wird. Das ins Doseninnere führende Anschlußende des den Anschlußkontakt bildenden Drahtendes 10 verläuft, wie Fig. 1 zeigt, in einem Schlitz einer Führungswandung des Aufnahmestücks 6, im Ausführungsbeispiel in der jeweils links gelegenen Führungswandung.In recesses 5 in the metal base support two receptacles 6 made of insulating material are passed, which are held on a cross member 7 made of insulating material below the base support. An abutment is formed in a recess 8 of each receiving piece 6, as can be seen more clearly in a schematic illustration at 9 in FIG. 4. On this abutment 9, a wire end is placed transversely to the inner conductor 10 (FIG. 4) of the coaxial cable to be connected, the further course of which is led downwards to the respective connection to the electrical components of the printed circuit board. The wire end 10 thus projects into the recess 8 transversely to the direction of insertion of the inner cable. Each receptacle 6 is block-shaped from insulating material with lateral guide walls, as shown in FIG. 1, and whose function will be described below. The connecting end of the wire end 10 forming the connection contact, which leads into the socket, runs in a slot in a guide wall of the receiving piece 6, in the exemplary embodiment in the guide wall on the left in each case.

Die Klemmvorrichtung für den Innenleiter besteht ferner aus einem Andrückelement, das aus einem durch eine Schraube 12 in Richtung auf das Widerlager 9 festziehbaren und an und in dem Aufnahmestück 6 verschieblich geführten Führungsstück 13 besteht, das ein Druckstück 14 trägt. Das Druckstück 14 besteht aus Isolierstoff. Das übrige Führungsstück 13 besteht entweder aus Kunststoff oder, falls dies die Festigkeit erfordert, aus einem festeren Material als das Druckstück, insbesondere aus Metall. Jedes Druckstück 14 ist, wie bei einer Zusammenschau der Teile in Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist, in der zugehörigen Ausnehmung 8 des das Widerlager 9 umgebenden Aufnahmestücks 6 verschieblich geführt. Fig. 4 zeigt das Führungsstück 13 mit seinem Druckstück 14 und der Schraube 12 in vergrößertem Maßstab, hinsichtlich des Widerlagers bzw. Aufnahmestücks nur mit den zur Erläuterung dienlichen Teilen.The clamping device for the inner conductor also consists of a pressure element which consists of a guide piece 13 which can be tightened by a screw 12 in the direction of the abutment 9 and which is displaceably guided on and in the receiving piece 6 and which carries a pressure piece 14. The pressure piece 14 consists of insulating material. The rest of the guide piece 13 is either made of plastic or, if the strength requires it, of a firmer material than the pressure piece, in particular of metal. Each pressure piece 14, as can be seen when the parts in FIG. 1 are viewed together, is displaceably guided in the associated recess 8 of the receiving piece 6 surrounding the abutment 9. Fig. 4 shows the guide piece 13 with its pressure piece 14 and the screw 12 on an enlarged scale, with respect to the abutment or receiving piece only with the parts used for explanation.

Die Ausnehmungen 8 sind in Richtung auf das einzuschiebende Koaxialkabel dem einzuschiebenden Innenleiter geöffnet.The recesses 8 are open in the direction of the coaxial cable to be inserted, the inner conductor to be inserted.

Wie Fig. 4 im einzelnen zeigt, ist die Oberfläche des Widerlagers 9 quer zum Drahtende 10 geneigt, nämlich dachförmig, profiliert. Komplementär dazu ist die zugehörige Andrückfläche des Druckstücks 14 profiliert. Wird somit mit Hilfe der Schraube 12 und über das Führungsstück 13 das Druckstück 14 gegen das Widerlager 9 bei eingeschobenem Innenleiter 10a festgezogen, so verformt sich der Innenleiter 10a entsprechend dem mit aufliegendem Drahtende 10 verlaufenden oberen Profil und wird somit sicher kontaktiert und sicher mechanisch festgelegt.4 shows in detail, the surface of the abutment 9 is inclined transversely to the wire end 10, namely roof-shaped, profiled. Complementary to this, the associated pressure surface of the pressure piece 14 is profiled. If the pressure piece 14 is thus tightened against the abutment 9 with the inner conductor 10a inserted with the aid of the screw 12 and via the guide piece 13, the inner conductor 10a deforms in accordance with the upper profile running with the wire end 10 resting thereon and is thus securely contacted and mechanically fixed securely.

Die Klemmvorrichtung für den Außenleiter ist bei der Antennensteckdose nach der Erfindung in folgender Weise gestaltet: Ein Klemmarm 15 ist oberhalb des Grundträgers 1 um eine in Einschubrichtung hinter der InnenleiterKlemmvorrichtung liegende, quer zur Anschlußkabellängsachse verlaufende Achse schwenkbar und in seitlichen Führungen nach oben anschlagbegrenzt senkrecht zur Anschlußkabellängsachse verschiebbar gelagert und in der Betriebslage gegen den Außenleiter des Koaxialkabels, in Fig. 4 mit 16 bezeichnet, verschraubbar. Die seitlichen Führungen bestehen aus senkrechten geschlitzten Führungsschienen 17, wie am besten aus Fig. 2 und 3 ersichtlich ist. In die Schlitze 18 der Führungsschienen 17 greift jeweils ein seitlicher Schwenkzapfen 19 des Klemmarms 15 ein. Die Schlitze 18 sind oben zur Anschlagbegrenzung verengt, z.B. durch Abwinkeln eines Steges wie bei 20 in Fig. 3 dargestellt. Es ist somit ersichtlich, daß der Klemmarm 15 in den Führungsschlitzen 18 senkrecht zur Ebene des Grundträgers verschieblich und außerdem über die Schwenkzapfen 19 verschwenkbar ist.In the antenna socket according to the invention, the clamping device for the outer conductor is designed in the following way: A clamping arm 15 can be pivoted above the base support 1 about an axis lying in the direction of insertion behind the inner conductor clamping device and running transversely to the longitudinal axis of the connecting cable, and in lateral guides upward limited to stop perpendicular to the connecting cable longitudinal axis slidably mounted and in the operating position against the outer conductor of the coaxial cable, designated 16 in Fig. 4, screwed. The lateral guides consist of vertical slotted guide rails 17, as can best be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3. A lateral pivot pin 19 of the clamping arm 15 engages in the slots 18 of the guide rails 17. The slots 18 are narrowed at the top to limit the stop, for example by angling a web as shown at 20 in FIG. 3. It can thus be seen that the clamping arm 15 is displaceable in the guide slots 18 perpendicular to the plane of the base support and also via the pivot pin 19 is pivotable.

Wie insbesondere aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich ist, ist die Klemmfläche des Klemmarms 15 quer zur Anschlußkabellängsrichtung gerippt durch in ihren Längsrichtung gerundete Rippen 21. Die Rippenhüllen sind dabei in Einschubrichtung zunehmend ausgebildet. Ferner sind die sich auf den metallenen Außenleiter des Koaxialkabels bewegenden Rippen mit größerer Auflagefläche versehen als die nachfolgenden Rippen, die sich auf den Isoliermantel des Kabels legen, wie deutlich aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich ist.As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, the clamping surface of the clamping arm 15 is ribbed transversely to the longitudinal direction of the connecting cable by ribs 21 rounded in its longitudinal direction. The rib sleeves are increasingly formed in the direction of insertion. Furthermore, the ribs moving on the metal outer conductor of the coaxial cable are provided with a larger contact surface than the subsequent ribs, which lie on the insulating jacket of the cable, as can be clearly seen from FIG. 2.

Auf dem metallenen Grundträger 1 ist ferner der Klemmfläche mit den Rippen 21 des Klemmarms 15 zugeordnet eine Klemmauflage 22 vorgesehen, die ebenfalls quer zur Anschlußkabellängsrichtung gerippt ist, wie die insbesondere aus Fig. 2 ersichtlichen Rippen 23 zeigen, die hinsichtlich der zunehmenden Rippenhöhe und der Breite der Auflageflächen entsprechend den Rippen 21 am Klemmarm 15 gestaltet sind.On the metal base support 1, the clamping surface with the ribs 21 of the clamping arm 15 is assigned a clamping support 22, which is also ribbed transversely to the longitudinal direction of the connecting cable, as shown in FIG. 2 in particular by the ribs 23 which show the increasing rib height and width the bearing surfaces are designed according to the ribs 21 on the clamping arm 15.

Auf der in Einschubrichtung rückwärtigen Seite des Klemmarms 15 ist zwischen den seitlichen Führungsschienen 17 gelegen eine Metallzunge 24 am Grundträger angeordnet, die mit einem an der Klemmarmkante vorgesehenen Vorsprung 25 derart zusammenwirkt, daß der Klemmarm in der gegen den Führungsanschlag 20 hochgezogenen Stellung gemäß Fig. 2 schwenkbar und in der hochgeschwenkten Stellung selbsttätig arretierbar ist. Fig. 2 zeigt diese Stellung.On the rear side of the clamping arm 15 in the direction of insertion, a metal tongue 24 is arranged on the base support between the lateral guide rails 17 and cooperates with a projection 25 provided on the clamping arm edge in such a way that the clamping arm in the position pulled up against the guide stop 20 according to FIG. 2 is pivotable and can be locked automatically in the raised position. Fig. 2 shows this position.

Der Klemmarm 15 weist in seinem die Innenleiterklemmvorrichtung umgebenden Bereich nach unten weisende Seitenwangen 26 auf. An den Längsseiten des Klemmarms 15 sind in diesem Bereich, also wenigstens im Bereich der Seitenwangen 26, auf dem Grundträger 1 Schirmwände 27 angeordnet, die zusätzlich jeweils mit Kontaktfedern 28, hier nach Art von Korbfedern, belegt sind, die sich somit gegen die Seitenwangen 26 des Klemmarms 15 in seiner in Fig. 3 dargestellten Betriebslage fest und federnd anlegen.The clamping arm 15 has, in its area surrounding the inner conductor clamping device, downward-facing side walls 26. On the longitudinal sides of the clamping arm 15, screen walls 27 are arranged in this area, that is to say at least in the area of the side cheeks 26, on the base support 1, which are additionally each covered with contact springs 28, here in the manner of cage springs, which thus act against the side cheeks 26 of the clamp arm 15 in its in Fig. 3 shown operating position firmly and resiliently.

Mit Hilfe der unverlierbar im Klemmarm 15 gehaltenen Mutter 29 ist der Klemmarm auf dem Schraubzapfen 30 in der Klemm- und Betriebslage fest verschraubbar.With the help of the captive nut 29 held in the clamping arm 15, the clamping arm can be firmly screwed onto the screw pin 30 in the clamping and operating position.

Fig. 2 zeigt deutlich auch die Klemmvorrichtungen für den Innenleiter in der Betrieblage, bei der also jeweils das Druckstück 14 den Innenleiter 10a auf das Drahtende 10 und das Widerlager 9 preßt.2 clearly shows the clamping devices for the inner conductor in the operating position, in which case the pressure piece 14 presses the inner conductor 10a onto the wire end 10 and the abutment 9.

Das Druckstück 14 (Fig.4) kann entweder als besonderes Bauteil an dem Führungsstück 13 befestigt sein, oder es kann - bei Herstellung beider Teile aus Kunststoff - mit dem Führungsstück 13 einteilig ausgebildet sein.The pressure piece 14 (FIG. 4) can either be fastened to the guide piece 13 as a special component, or it can be formed in one piece with the guide piece 13 when producing both parts from plastic.

Claims (16)

  1. Antenna outlet device for high frequency bands having a metal base-frame carrying the coaxial plug terminals accepting the plugs of coaxial connect cables and having, in the same metal base, clamping facilities for the connection of the central and the outer conductors of each of the coaxial cables to be inserted into the outlet device, each of the clamp terminals for the central conductors comprising a base-frame-mounted counter-bearing made of insulating material with a terminal contact leading inside the antenna outlet device and a pressure element having a hold-down tag made of insulating material which grips the central conductor once inserted and in working position pressing it against the terminal contact on the counter-bearing, characterized by the following features:
    a) The counter-bearing (9) is molded on to the bottom of a recess (8) of an receptacle (6) constructed as a block with lateral guide plates;
    b) the guide element (13) constructed as a pressure element can be tightened down to the counter-bearing (9) by means of a screw (12) being slide-mounted in the insert element (6) together with the hold-down tag (14) protruding into the recess (8);
    c) the piece of wire (10) forming the terminal contact runs at right angles with respect to the longitudinal axis of the central conductor (10a) inserted into the recess (8) of the receptacle (6);
    d) the surface of the counter-bearing (9) is molded as a sloping section at right angles with respect to the wire end forming the terminal contact (10), the corresponding pressure surface of the hold-down tag (14) being configured to match its counterpart.
  2. Antenna outlet device as per claim 1 characterized by the fact that the guide element (13) touches with at least one of its side jaws at least one of the guide walls of the receptacle (6) in a movable condition.
  3. Antenna outlet device as per one of the claims 1 to 2 characterized by the fact that the end of the piece of wire (10) forming the terminal contact which leads inside the device be drawn along a slot (11) in one of the guide walls of the receptacle (6).
  4. Antenna outlet device as per one of the claims 1 to 3 characterized by the fact that the guide element (13) of the pressure element is made of a material harder than that of the hold-down tag (14), in particular metal, the hold-down tag of insulating material being fixed to its bottom end.
  5. Antenna outlet device as per one of the claims 1 to 4 characterized by the fact that each receptacle (6) and each counter-bearing (9) are held on a cross-bar (7) in the base-frame (1).
  6. Antenna outlet device as per one of the claims 1 to 5 where the clamp terminal for the outer conductor consists of a metal clamp lever hinged to the base before the clamp terminal for the central conductor with respect to the cable's inserting direction whose claming surface comes to rest on the outer conductor opposite a metal clamping base located on the chasis and where the clamping surface and the clamping base grip and hold the outer conductor in its working position, characterized by the fact that the clamping lever (15) is fixed to the metal base (1) movable about an axis located behind the clamp facility for the central conductor (6, 13) with respect to the cable's inserting direction, and at right angles with the longitudinal axis of the cable as well as vertically in lateral guides (17) with respect to the longitudinal axis of the coaxial cable with an upper limit-point, and that the clamp lever can be screwed down pressing onto the outer conductor in its working position.
  7. Antenna outlet device as per claim 6 characterized by the fact that the side guides are vertical slotted guide bars (17) whose slots (18) support lateral hinge tags (19) of the clamp lever (15) and which slots taper towards their top end to make a limit point (20) for the clamp lever movement.
  8. Antenna outlet device as per one of the claims 6 or 7 characterized by the fact that the clamping area of the clamp lever (15) and the clamping base (22) provide reefs (21, 23) at right angles with the cable length.
  9. Antenna outlet device as per claim 8 characterized by the fact that the height of those reefs is increasing in the cable's inserting direction.
  10. Antenna outlet device as per one of the claims 6 to 9 characterized by the fact that the clamp lever (15) at least where it surrounds the clamp terminal for the central conductor has lateral downward pointing jaws (26).
  11. Antenna outlet device as per one of the claims 6 to 10 characterized by the fact that the base-frame (1) has lateral metal screening plates (27) along the sides of the clamp lever (15).
  12. Antenna outlet device as per claim 11 characterized by the fact that the faces of the shielding plates (27) turning to the sides of the clamp lever (15, 26) provide contact springs, especially cage-type springs (28).
  13. Antenna outlet device as per one of the claims 6 to 12 characterized by the fact that looking in the direction of inserting the cable the base-frame (1) has a metal tongue (24) located at the back of the clamp lever (15) between the lateral guides (17) cooperating with a projection (15) on the edge of the clamp lever such that the clamp lever (15) when pulled up against the limit-point (20) of the guides allows for perpendicular movement, and in the moved-up position snaps into place by itself.
  14. Antenna outlet device as per one of the claims 6 to 13 for the joint connection of two parallel coaxial cables, characterized by the fact that the outer conductors of both cables are held in place by just one clamp lever (15) on its hinges and slides and with its lateral screening partitions and a single contact surface (22) with grooved sections assigned to each outer conductor (23).
  15. Antenna outlet device as per one of the claims 1 to 3 characterized by the fact that the guide element (13) is made of plastic material.
  16. Antenna outlet device as per claim 15 characterized by the fact that the guide element (13) and the hold-down tag (14) are molded in one piece from plastic material.
EP86905277A 1985-08-28 1986-08-23 Aerial plug socket Expired - Lifetime EP0270543B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86905277T ATE76226T1 (en) 1985-08-28 1986-08-23 ANTENNA SOCKET.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3530721 1985-08-28
DE19853530721 DE3530721A1 (en) 1985-08-28 1985-08-28 ANTENNA SOCKET

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0270543A1 EP0270543A1 (en) 1988-06-15
EP0270543B1 true EP0270543B1 (en) 1992-05-13

Family

ID=6279567

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86905277A Expired - Lifetime EP0270543B1 (en) 1985-08-28 1986-08-23 Aerial plug socket

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0270543B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE76226T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3530721A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2001121A6 (en)
WO (1) WO1987001519A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3826080C1 (en) * 1988-07-30 1989-11-16 Kurt Wolf & Co Kg, 7547 Wildbad, De

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE951286C (en) * 1943-11-23 1956-10-25 Phoenix Elek Zitaetsgesellscha Terminal block
DE828999C (en) * 1948-10-02 1952-01-21 Siemens Schuckertwerke A G Branch terminal
DE1971568U (en) * 1967-08-30 1967-11-02 Anton Kathrein Aelteste Spezia DIPOLE CONNECTION HOUSING.
DE2223112C3 (en) * 1972-05-12 1978-04-13 Richard Hirschmann, Radiotechn. Werk, 7300 Esslingen Connection device for coaxial cables
DE2238092A1 (en) * 1972-08-02 1974-02-14 Siemens Ag ANTENNA SOCKET
JPS531123A (en) * 1976-06-25 1978-01-07 Oiles Industry Co Ltd Porous cast iron
DE7629527U1 (en) * 1976-09-22 1977-02-24 C. A. Weidmueller Kg, 4930 Detmold Screw terminal for non-stripped wire
DE2722600C3 (en) * 1977-05-18 1979-11-15 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Antenna socket with a circuit board
DE2733220C3 (en) * 1977-07-22 1980-11-20 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Antenna socket with a pot-shaped socket body
DE2733200C3 (en) * 1977-07-22 1985-04-18 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Antenna socket
GB2095047A (en) * 1981-03-13 1982-09-22 Faff Peter Electrical connections
US4426127A (en) * 1981-11-23 1984-01-17 Omni Spectra, Inc. Coaxial connector assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3685334D1 (en) 1992-06-17
ATE76226T1 (en) 1992-05-15
DE3530721A1 (en) 1987-03-05
EP0270543A1 (en) 1988-06-15
ES2001121A6 (en) 1988-04-16
WO1987001519A1 (en) 1987-03-12
DE3530721C2 (en) 1993-04-15

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