EP0256064B1 - Chair with a seat and an elastically yielding back support - Google Patents

Chair with a seat and an elastically yielding back support Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0256064B1
EP0256064B1 EP87901025A EP87901025A EP0256064B1 EP 0256064 B1 EP0256064 B1 EP 0256064B1 EP 87901025 A EP87901025 A EP 87901025A EP 87901025 A EP87901025 A EP 87901025A EP 0256064 B1 EP0256064 B1 EP 0256064B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
backrest
elements
chair according
seat
transverse ribs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP87901025A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0256064A1 (en
Inventor
Hartmut Lohmeyer
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Individual
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Individual
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/36Support for the head or the back
    • A47C7/40Support for the head or the back for the back
    • A47C7/405Support for the head or the back for the back with double backrests
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C3/00Chairs characterised by structural features; Chairs or stools with rotatable or vertically-adjustable seats
    • A47C3/12Chairs characterised by structural features; Chairs or stools with rotatable or vertically-adjustable seats with shell-shape seat and back-rest unit, e.g. having arm rests
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C5/00Chairs of special materials
    • A47C5/12Chairs of special materials of plastics, with or without reinforcement
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/36Support for the head or the back
    • A47C7/40Support for the head or the back for the back
    • A47C7/44Support for the head or the back for the back with elastically-mounted back-rest or backrest-seat unit in the base frame
    • A47C7/445Support for the head or the back for the back with elastically-mounted back-rest or backrest-seat unit in the base frame with bar or leaf springs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/36Support for the head or the back
    • A47C7/40Support for the head or the back for the back
    • A47C7/46Support for the head or the back for the back with special, e.g. adjustable, lumbar region support profile; "Ackerblom" profile chairs
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S297/00Chairs and seats
    • Y10S297/02Molded

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a piece of seating with a seat and an elastically yielding backrest which, for example in the hip area, consists of a plurality of transverse ribs which are separated from one another by gaps and are held together via connecting links in such a way that the transverse ribs can be rotated relative to one another about horizontal axes.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing seating in the manner of the design described at the outset in such a way that it can be produced with less construction effort and thus more simply and cost-effectively.
  • the connecting links consist of film hinges with rotation-limiting elements that bridge the spaces in one piece, the seat being integrally formed together with the transverse ribs made of plastic via flow cross sections, which are formed by the film hinges and associated spring elements attached to the arms of the film hinges are.
  • the arms of the film hinges are passed into the seat, the backrest and the transverse ribs.
  • the spring elements are directly actuated when the film hinges are moved.
  • Another possibility for the formation of the film hinges is. to form the spaces in the area of the connecting links as grooves, each of which has the film hinge in its base.
  • the spring elements are designed them as bridges between the transverse ribs lying laterally next to the connecting links.
  • flow cross sections result which are distributed over the length of the transverse ribs, which is conducive to the flow of the plastic during injection molding.
  • the bridges give the transverse ribs an additional stability to one another, so that the bridges can also be used if the spring elements are, for example, components of the aforementioned pipes.
  • the rotation limiting elements can advantageously be designed as projections in the tubes directed towards one another. In the event of the backrest being bent back, the projections then collide and thus limit the movement of the transverse ribs to one another.
  • these can expediently be designed such that the grooves are on the rear side of the back backrest are open and the groove walls form the rotation limiting elements on the side facing away from the base of the grooves. When the backrest is bent, the grooves close on their side facing away from their base until the groove walls meet.
  • the connecting links can run in the middle of the backrest, so that there is a kind of spine in the backrest, but it is also possible to arrange the connecting links as a symmetrical pair in the lateral area of the backrest.
  • the spring tension of the spring elements can be designed differently from one space to another. For example, it is advantageous to make the spring elements along the backrest increasingly harder from top to bottom, so that when leaning back, first the upper part of the backrest bends back and then increasingly also the lower parts.
  • Fig. 1 shows the seating in a perspective view, the representation of the base frame has been largely dispensed with.
  • the upper part of a bogie 1 and a tubular steel frame 2a are shown.
  • the seat 3 is attached to the frame 2a. This results in the construction shown in a known manner for the seat 3 approximately in the region of the cross strut 2b of the frame 2a, an axis of rotation such that the seat 3 can spring about the cross strut 2b under load.
  • the seat 3 passes over the fillet 4 in the backrest 5, which is curved in a known manner so that its edges 6 and 7 are slightly advanced laterally.
  • the backrest 5 also has a curvature 8 in longitudinal section adapted to the anatomy of the spine. In the area of this curvature 8, the two transverse ribs 9 and 10 are arranged, which are separated from one another by the intermediate spaces 11, 12 and 13 and from the adjacent parts of the backrest 5 and the fillet 4.
  • this contains a trough-like recess 14/15, in the middle of which, in the longitudinal direction of the backrest 5, the web 16 runs, which ensures the required rigidity of the backrest 5 in this area. If necessary, several such webs can be arranged side by side.
  • a connecting member 17, 18 and 19 is arranged in the extension of the intermediate spaces 11, 12 and 13, which extends over the entire width of the depression 14/15 and also passes through the web 16. With the help of the connecting links 17, 18 and 19, the transverse ribs 9 and 10 and these are held together with the adjacent parts of the backrest 5 or the fillet 4.
  • the connecting links 17, 18 and 19 are designed in such a way that, in the area of the spaces 11, 12 and 13, they can be rotated about horizontal axes, as a result of which the backrest is given an elastic resilience with which the backrest adjusts to the anatomical conditions of a seated person when leaning back Person can customize.
  • the backrest 5 with its fillet 4 the transverse ribs 9 and 10 and the seat 3 in principle form rigid structural elements, which can be done by choosing a suitable plastic, for example Polypro pylen, as well as corresponding known stiffeners on the underside of the seat and the back of the backrest 5 is easily possible. Such stiffeners are shown in Fig.
  • stiffeners 20, 21 and 22 which extend in the longitudinal direction in the extension of the edges of the recess 14/15. If necessary, additional stiffeners can be provided, in particular at the edges 6 and 7 of the backrest 5 and under the seat 3.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show a section along the line I-I from FIG. 1, that is to say a longitudinal section running longitudinally through the backrest 5, the fillet 4 and the seat 3, which runs in the middle of the web 16.
  • 2 shows seat 3 and backrest 5 in an unloaded position, whereas FIG. 3 shows seat and backrest 5 under load.
  • FIG. 2 Due to the curvature of the backrest 5, the front surface of the backrest 5 is drawn in FIG. 2 to the left of the cut stiffener 21, namely up to the edge 7 (see FIG. 1). A corresponding representation also results in the area of the seat 3, which likewise has a curvature in accordance with the anatomy of a seated person in a known manner.
  • the connecting members 17, 18 and 19 shown in FIG. 2 here consist of tubes 23, each of which forms the film hinge 24 on its side facing the front of the backrest 5, while the opposite side of the tubes 23 form the respective spring element 25.
  • the areas in between, which adjoin the web 16, are stiff because of this connection with the web 16.
  • the total deflection of the backrest 5 is relatively small if one takes into account the deformation of the spine when a person sitting on the seating furniture leans back. So that there is no overloading of the film hinges 24 and the spring elements 25, rotation limiting elements are provided, which, however, are not shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 for reasons of simplification of the illustration. An embodiment of a rotation limiting element will now be discussed with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 each show a tube 23 according to FIGS. 2 and 3, into which protrusions 26 and 27 protrude, which act as a rotation limiting element.
  • the sections from FIGS. 4 and 5 are laid along lines 11-11 from FIG. 1, so that the web 16 is drawn as a part which is visible from the side. 4, there is a distance between the projections 26 and 27, which disappears when the tube 23 is loaded due to the complete approach of the projections 26 and 27, the projections 26 and 27 abutting one another and thus causing the rotation limitation in the region of the tube 23 5, the angle a is also shown, by which the degree of bending in the region of the tube 23 is shown. This is a somewhat exaggerated representation to make the angle a clear. As already mentioned at the beginning, these are angles of at most about 3 °. 5 that the spring element 25 has bulged slightly compared to the illustration in FIG. 4, as a result of which the spring element 25 is given the required restoring force.
  • the film hinges 24 and the spring elements 25 form flow cross sections for the flow of plastic, in particular during injection molding.
  • the seat 3 and backrest 5 with the associated elements in one piece, with the material from the sprue, which may be under the seat 3, for example, over all parts of the seat 3 and backrest via the flow cross-sections mentioned 5 can spread.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 sections are shown similar to those of FIGS. 2 and 3, but in particular the connecting links are designed differently. 6 and 7, the design and the reference numerals from FIGS. 1 to 3 were used as far as possible. However, it should be emphasized that the embodiment according to FIGS. 6 and 7 has three transverse ribs 28, 29, 30 (in contrast to two transverse ribs according to FIG. 1). The number of transverse ribs depends on the desired anatomical adaptation and, if necessary, the technical shaping options. In the embodiment according to FIGS. 6 and 7, the spaces 34, 35, 36 and 37 are located next to the grooves 31 (one space more than in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 because of the two transverse ribs 9 and 10 only provided there).
  • FIG. 8 shows a plan view of a section of the backrest 5, specifically the central region with the grooves 31 and adjoining the region of the backrest with the spaces 34, 35 and 36 (space 37 according to FIG. 6 is no longer in FIG. 8 8), the hatching shown in FIG. 8 was used to represent visible material of the backrest.
  • Fig. 8 contains an upper and a lower part, separated by the space X. The lower part shows the backrest in the unloaded state, while the upper part shows the backrest in the loaded state. Accordingly, the bridges 33 shown in the intermediate space 36 are drawn curved, since they bridge the intermediate space 36 in a relaxed manner. In the upper part, however, it is a loaded backrest, so that the bridges 33 shown in the spaces 34 and 35 are drawn more stretched.
  • the bridges 33 are tensioned and in this way exert their desired restoring force.
  • the bridges 33 can also take over the function of the rotation limiting elements, since the bridges 33 practically do not allow any further extension in the fully extended position, whereby the rotation limitation is achieved. It is therefore also possible, if the grooves 31 are used, to dispense with using their wall ends as rotation limiting elements (see FIG. 7).
  • the film hinges 32 and the bridges 33 form flow cross sections for the plastic, so that in the embodiment according to FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 seat 3 and backrest 5 are formed in one piece with the associated elements over the flow cross sections mentioned can.
  • the box-shaped structures 40 shown in FIG. 8 are ribs formed on the back of the backrest 5, which serve to stiffen the transverse ribs 28, 29 and 30.
  • FIG. 9 shows a further exemplary embodiment, in which the tubular frame 41 serves as the supporting frame and, with its upper spars 42, allows a certain amount of suspension for the seat 3 in a known manner.
  • the seat 3 is attached to the spars 42, here the connecting links are arranged in the region of the backrest 5 on the side edges thereof.
  • the connecting links here essentially consist of the film hinges 32, which are formed at the bottom of grooves 31, which in this respect in principle results in a construction according to that from FIG. 6.
  • the grooves 31 are provided in edge reinforcements 44, 45, which appear in cross section as a box open to the rear, the grooves 31 being provided in a wall 43 of the relevant edge reinforcement 44 and 45, respectively.
  • the grooves 31 and the film hinges 32 act like the components with the same designation according to FIGS. 6 to 8.
  • the two transverse ribs 46 and 47 are arranged, which are separated from one another by the spaces 48, 49 and 50.
  • the spring element is arranged in the center, specifically as bridges 51, which bulge out on the rear side of the backrest. This will be discussed in detail in connection with FIG. 10.
  • FIG. 10 shows a rear view of the backrest 5 with seat 3, specifically cut along the line 111-111 from FIG. 9.
  • the backrest 5 is shown in an unloaded position.
  • 10 shows a stabilization of the backrest 5, namely by the transverse reinforcements 52, 53, 54 and 55 and the longitudinal reinforcements 56 which run in the edge reinforcement 44. Corresponding stiffeners naturally run in the edge reinforcement 45 (not shown in FIG. 10).
  • Figure 11 shows a modification to the embodiment of Figure 10, wherein according to Figure 11, the spring elements and the rotation limiting elements are placed in the laterally arranged connecting members.
  • the seat 3 and the backrest 5 are shown in FIG. 11, and only in part, the edge reinforcement 45 running along one edge of the seat 3 and backrest 5 (a corresponding edge reinforcement then lies on the opposite side).
  • the film hinges 32 in the embodiment according to FIG. 11 lie on the back of the backrest 5.
  • the film hinges 32 form the vertex of art of a triangle mutually arranged surfaces 57 and 58 which open towards the front like a groove.
  • the surfaces 57 and 58 are stiffened relative to one another, specifically by the stiffeners 59, which extend in the edge reinforcement 45 in the extension of the walls and the stiffener 60.
  • the walls 57 and 58 are connected via the belts 61, which are bent slightly inwards in the rest position shown in FIG.
  • the bands form both the spring elements and the rotation limiting elements, their function is described below with reference to the explanation of FIGS. 12 and 13.
  • the transverse ribs 46 and 47 extend with the spaces 48, 49 and 50.
  • FIG. 12 and 13 show a side view of a section of the edge reinforcement 45 in the area of a film hinge 32 with the surfaces 57 and 58.
  • FIG. 12 shows the arrangement in the rest position
  • FIG. 13 shows the arrangement under load.
  • the band 61 shown in FIG. 12 is slightly arched inwards. It is loaded under the conditions in FIG shown stretched position transferred, the transition to the stretched position in the band 61 builds up a spring tension, whereby this unfolds the effect of the spring element.
  • the belt 61 can practically not be stretched over the stretched position shown in FIG. 13, so that in this position it acts as a rotation limiting element.
  • the overall design of the seat 3 and backrest 5 can be covered with upholstery foam after removal from the mold, on the one hand to make projections invisible due to the reinforcements, and on the other hand to create upholstery from the outset.

Abstract

Chair with a seat (3) and a per se elastically-yielding back support (5) consisting of several transverse ribs (9, 10) mutually separated by intermediate spaces (11, 12, 13) and located roughly in the hip region. The ribs (9, 10) are held together by linking elements (17, 18, 19) in such a way that the transverse ribs (9, 10) are rotatable in relation to one another around horizontal axes and that the linking elements (17, 18, 19) consist of the membrane-type hinges (24) which cross over the intermediate spaces (11, 12, 13), with rotation-limiting elements (26, 27), whereby the seat (3), together with the back support (5) and the latter together with the transverse ribs (9, 10) are moulded in one piece from plastic by means of yielding cross-sections formed by the membrane-type hinges (24) and spring elements (25) relating thereto.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Sitzmöbel mit einem Sitz und einer in sich elastisch nachgebenden Rückenlehne, die etwa im Hüftbereich aus mehreren, durch Zwischenräume voneinander getrennten Querrippen besteht, die derart über Verbindungsglieder zusammengehalten werden, daß die Querrippen gegeneinander um horizontale Achsen drehbar sind.The invention relates to a piece of seating with a seat and an elastically yielding backrest which, for example in the hip area, consists of a plurality of transverse ribs which are separated from one another by gaps and are held together via connecting links in such a way that the transverse ribs can be rotated relative to one another about horizontal axes.

Ein derartiges Sitzmöbel ist in der europäischen Patentveröffentlichung 107 627 dargestellt. Wie besonders die Zeichnungen dieser Veröffentlichung zeigen, bedarf es zur Erstellung des bekannten Sitzmöbels im Bereich der Verbindungsglieder eines erheblichen technischen Aufwandes, bedingt vor allem durch im Bereich der Verbindungsglieder angeordnete Federelemente, für die vor allem Blattfedern vorgesehen sind. Die besonders eingebrachten Federelemente erfordern jeweils für sich besondere technische Mittel zu ihrer Befestigung und ihres Bewegungsspielraumes, so daß sich insgesamt eine konstruktiv auf wendige Gestaltung ergibt. Es wird zwar im Anspruch 32 der genannten europäischen Patentveröffentlichung auf die Möglichkeit verwiesen, das bekannte Sitzmöbel einstückig aus einem Material auszuformen, in das zwei Blattfedern eingebettet sind, wobei ein Einbettungsmaterial zu verwenden ist, das entsprechend nachgiebig sein muß. Durch diese Einbettung wird jedoch der konstruktive Aufwand im Inneren des Sitzmöbels nicht verringert, es wird lediglich durch die Einbettung eine allseitige Umschließung der Konstruktionselemente geschaffen, die das Erfordernis zu wahren hat, die gleiche Beweglichkeit aufzuweisen wie die Blattfedern.Such seating is shown in European patent publication 107 627. As the drawings in this publication in particular show, the creation of the known seating furniture in the area of the connecting links requires considerable technical effort, due in particular to spring elements arranged in the area of the connecting links, for which leaf springs are primarily intended. The specially introduced spring elements each require special technical means for their attachment and their freedom of movement, so that overall there is a constructive on agile design. It is indeed referred to in claim 32 of said European patent publication on the possibility of integrally molding the known seating furniture from a material in which two leaf springs are embedded, an embedding material being used which must be correspondingly flexible. This embedding, however, does not reduce the design effort inside the seating furniture, it is only the embedding that creates an all-round enclosure of the construction elements, which has to maintain the need to have the same mobility as the leaf springs.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Sitzmöbel nach Art der eingangs beschriebenen Gestaltung so auszubilden, daß es mit geringerem konstruktiven Aufwand und damit einfacher und kostengünstiger herstellbar ist.The invention is based on the object of designing seating in the manner of the design described at the outset in such a way that it can be produced with less construction effort and thus more simply and cost-effectively.

Gelöst wird das Problem dadurch, daß die Verbindungsglieder aus die Zwischenräume einstückig überbrückenden Filmscharnieren mit Drehbegrenzungselementen bestehen, wobei der Sitz zusammen mit den Querrippen aus Kunststoff über Fließquerschnitte einstückig geformt sind, die durch die Filmscharniere und diesen zugeordnete, an den Armen der Filmscharniere ansetzende Federelemente gebildet sind.The problem is solved by the fact that the connecting links consist of film hinges with rotation-limiting elements that bridge the spaces in one piece, the seat being integrally formed together with the transverse ribs made of plastic via flow cross sections, which are formed by the film hinges and associated spring elements attached to the arms of the film hinges are.

Aufgrund dieser Gestaltung besteht die Möglichkeit, die für das Sitzmöbel erforderlichen einzelnen Elemente einstückig auszuformen, ohne daß es irgendwelcher Bauteile bedarf, die notwendigerweise in den Kunststoff einzubetten sind. Es ergibt sich damit ein fabrikationstechnisch ohne weiteres beherrschbarer Vorgang der Formung, insbesondere durch Spritzgießen, wobei wesentliche Teile des Sitzmöbels, nämlich die eine Verdrehung der Querrippen gegeneinander ermöglichenden Bestandteile und die Federelemente durch Fließquerschnitte gebildet sind. Die für die Formung aus Kunststoff notwendigen Kunststoffbrücken zwischen den Querrippen werden also in Form von Fließquerschnitten so gestaltet, daß sie wesentliche Elemente des Sitzmöbels bilden, wodurch ein gesonderter konstruktiver Einbau sonst erforderlicher Bauteile entfällt. Es ergibt sich somit ein Sitzmöbel, das hinsichtlich seines Sitzes und seiner Rückenlehne vollmaschinell in einem Arbeitsgang hergestellt werden kann.Because of this design, there is the possibility of integrally molding the individual elements required for the seating furniture without the need for any components that are necessarily embedded in the plastic. This results in a process of shaping which is easily manageable in terms of production technology, in particular by injection molding, with essential parts of the seating furniture, namely the components which enable the transverse ribs to be rotated relative to one another and the spring elements being formed by flow cross sections. The plastic bridges between the cross ribs necessary for the molding of plastic are thus designed in the form of flow cross sections in such a way that they form essential elements of the seating furniture, as a result of which a separate structural installation of components which are otherwise required is eliminated. The result is a piece of seating furniture that can be manufactured fully automatically in one operation with regard to its seat and backrest.

Für die Erstellung der Rückenlehne sind normalerweise bis etwa drei Querrippen im Hüftbereich der Rückenlehne erforderlich. Bei einer üblichen Belastung der Rückenlehne durch Zurücklehnen einer sitzenden Person ergeben sich dabei etwa Winkelveränderungen zwischen den einzelnen Querrippen, die im Bereich von bis zu etwa 3° liegen. Hieraus ergibt sich, daß die Filmscharniere und die diesen zugeordneten Federelemente nur relativ geringen Verbiegungen und damit mechanischen Belastungen ausgesetzt werden, die ohne weiteres von entsprechenden Kunststoffen, wie beispielsweise Polypropylen, getragen werden können.Up to about three transverse ribs in the hip area of the backrest are normally required to create the backrest. With a normal load on the backrest by leaning back of a seated person, this results in changes in the angle between the individual transverse ribs which are in the range of up to approximately 3 °. It follows from this that the film hinges and the spring elements assigned to them are only subjected to relatively slight deflections and thus mechanical loads which can be easily carried by appropriate plastics such as polypropylene.

Zweckmäßig läßt man die Arme der Filmscharniere in den Sitz, die Rückenlehne und die Querrippen übergehend. In diesem Falle bei der Bewegung der Filmscharniere die Federelemente direkt mitbetätigt.Appropriately, the arms of the film hinges are passed into the seat, the backrest and the transverse ribs. In this case, the spring elements are directly actuated when the film hinges are moved.

Eine zweckmäßige Gestaltung der Filmscharniere mit den Federelementen ergibt sich dann, wenn man diese als einander gegenüberliegende Bestandteile von langs der zwischenräume verlaufenden Rohren ausbildet, wobei die Rohrabschnitte zwischen den Filmscharnieren und den Federelementen im wesentlichen steif ausgebildet sind.An expedient design of the film hinges with the spring elements is obtained if they are formed as opposing components of the slowly extending pipes, the pipe sections between the film hinges and the spring elements being essentially rigid.

Eine andere Möglichkeit der Ausbildung der Filmscharniere besteht darin. die Zwischenräume im Bereich der Verbindungsglieder als Nuten auszubilden, die in ihrem Grund jeweils das Filmscharnier aufweisen.Another possibility for the formation of the film hinges is. to form the spaces in the area of the connecting links as grooves, each of which has the film hinge in its base.

Eine weitere Möglichkeit der Gestaltung der Federelemente besteht darin, diese als seitlich neben den Verbindungsgliedern liegenden Brükken zwischen den Querrippen auszubilden. In diesem Falle ergeben sich Fließquerschnitte, die über die Länge der Querrippen verteilt sind, was dem Fluß des Kunststoffs beim Spritzgießen förderlich ist. Darüber hinaus geben die Brücken den Querrippen untereinander noch eine zusätzliche Stabilität, so daß die Brücken auch zusätzlich angewendet werden können, wenn die Federelemente beispielsweise Bestandteile der vorstehend erwähnten Rohre sind.Another possibility for the design of the spring elements is to design them as bridges between the transverse ribs lying laterally next to the connecting links. In this case, flow cross sections result which are distributed over the length of the transverse ribs, which is conducive to the flow of the plastic during injection molding. In addition, the bridges give the transverse ribs an additional stability to one another, so that the bridges can also be used if the spring elements are, for example, components of the aforementioned pipes.

Im Falle der Gestaltung der Filmscharniere mit den Federelementen als Rohre lassen sich die Drehbegrenzungselemente vorteilhaft als zueinander gerichtete Vorsprünge in den Rohren gestalten. Im Falle eines Zurückbiegens der Rükkenlehne stoßen dann die Vorsprünge aufeinander und begrenzen damit die Bewegung der Querrippen zueinander.In the case of the design of the film hinges with the spring elements as tubes, the rotation limiting elements can advantageously be designed as projections in the tubes directed towards one another. In the event of the backrest being bent back, the projections then collide and thus limit the movement of the transverse ribs to one another.

Im Falle der Gestaltung der Zwischenräume zwischen den Verbindungsgliedern als Nuten lassen sich diese zweckmäßig so ausbilden, daß die Nuten auf der rückwärtigen Seite der Rückenlehne geöffnet sind und die Nutenwände auf der dem Grund der Nuten abgewandten Seite die Drehbegrenzungselemente bilden. Bei Verbiegung der Rückenlehne schließen sich dann die Nuten auf ihrer ihrem Grund abgewandten Seite, bis die Nutenwände aufeinandertreffen.In the case of the design of the spaces between the connecting links as grooves, these can expediently be designed such that the grooves are on the rear side of the back backrest are open and the groove walls form the rotation limiting elements on the side facing away from the base of the grooves. When the backrest is bent, the grooves close on their side facing away from their base until the groove walls meet.

Darüber hinaus besteht die Möglichkeit, die Nuten auf den den Filmscharnieren abgewandten Seiten durch flexible, im wesentlichen nicht dehnbare Bänder als Fließquerschnitte zu überbrükken, die in ihrer Strecklage die Drehbegrenzungselemente bilden. In diesem Falle liegen die Nuten mit ihren Gründen so in den Verbindungsgliedern, daß sich beim Verbiegen der Rückenlehne die Nuten auf ihrer ihrem Grund abgewandten Seite öffnen, wodurch dann die die Nuten überbrückenden Bänder gestreckt werden und in ihrer Strecklage schließlich eine weitere Verbiegung der Rückenlehne verhindern.In addition, there is the possibility of bridging the grooves on the sides facing away from the film hinges by means of flexible, essentially inextensible bands as flow cross sections, which in their extended position form the rotation limiting elements. In this case, the reasons of the grooves lie in the connecting links in such a way that when the backrest is bent, the grooves open on their side facing away from their base, as a result of which the bands bridging the grooves are stretched and, in their extended position, finally prevent further bending of the backrest .

Man kann diese Bänder gleichzeitig als Federelemente ausbilden, die in ihrer Ruhelage eine Ausbiegung aufweisen, aus der sie unter Belastung gegen eine ihnen innewohnende Federspannung in die Strecklage gelangen. In diesem Falle ist also die Funktion der Federelemente und der Drehbegrenzungselemente miteinander kombiniert.You can simultaneously form these bands as spring elements, which in their rest position have a bend from which they come into the extended position under load against an inherent spring tension. In this case, the function of the spring elements and the rotation limiting elements is combined.

Die Verbindungsglieder kann man in der Mitte der Rückenlehne verlaufen lassen, so daß sich also gewissermaßen eine Art Wirbelsäule in der Rückenlehne ergibt, es ist aber auch möglich, die Verbindungsglieder als symmetrisches Paar im seitlichen Bereich der Rückenlehne anzuordnen.The connecting links can run in the middle of the backrest, so that there is a kind of spine in the backrest, but it is also possible to arrange the connecting links as a symmetrical pair in the lateral area of the backrest.

Um besondere Effekte der anatomischen Anpassung zu erzielen, kann man die Federspannung der Federelemente von Zwischenraum zu Zwischenraum unterschiedlich ausbilden. Beispielsweise ist es vorteilhaft, die Federelemente längs der Rückenlehne von oben nach unten zunehmend härter auszubilden, so daß sich beim Zurücklehnen zunächst der obere Teil der Rückenlehne zurückbiegt und danach zunehmend auch die unteren Teile.In order to achieve special effects of the anatomical adaptation, the spring tension of the spring elements can be designed differently from one space to another. For example, it is advantageous to make the spring elements along the backrest increasingly harder from top to bottom, so that when leaning back, first the upper part of the backrest bends back and then increasingly also the lower parts.

In den Figuren sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht des Sitzmöbels mit in der Mitte der Rückenlehne verlaufenden Verbindungsgliedern,
  • Fig. 2 einen in der Mitte durch die Rückenlehne und den Sitz des Sitzmöbels gemäß Fig. 1 verlaufenden Längsschnitt, und zwar geschnitten gemäß der Linie I-I aus Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 der gleiche Längsschnitt unter einer nach rückwärts gerichteten Belastung,
  • Fig. 4 einen Ausschnitt aus der Rückenlehne gemäß Fig. 1, und zwar im Bereich des Filmscharniers und des Federelementes, geschnitten gemäß der Linie 11-11 aus Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 5 den gleichen Schnitt wie Fig. 2, jedoch unter Belastung,
  • Fig. 6 einen Längsschnitt durch Rückenlehne und Sitz mit Nuten als Zwischenräume zwischen den Verbindungsgliedern in Ruhelage,
  • Fig. 7 den gleichen Schnitt unter Belastung in rückwärtiger Richtung,
  • Fig. 8 eine Draufsicht der Rückenlehne gemäß Fig. 6 und 7 mit seitlich neben den Verbindungsgliedern liegenden Brücken als Federelemente,
  • Fig. 9 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Sitzmöbels, bei dem die Verbindungsglieder an den seitlichen Rändern der Rückenlehne verlaufen,
  • Fig. 10 eine Rückansicht der Rückenlehne mit Sitz gemäß Fig. 9, geschnitten längs der Linie 111-111 aus Fig 9,
  • Fig. 11 eine Teilrückansicht der Rückenlehne mit Sitz mit anderer Gestaltung eines Verbindungsgliedes,
  • Fig. 12 eine Seitenansicht der Anordnung gemäß Fig. 11 in Ruhelage,
  • Fig. 13 die gleiche Anordnung unter Belastung.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the figures. Show it:
  • 1 is a perspective view of the seating furniture with connecting members running in the middle of the backrest,
  • 2 shows a longitudinal section running in the middle through the backrest and the seat of the seating furniture according to FIG. 1, specifically cut according to line II from FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows the same longitudinal section under a backward load,
  • 4 shows a section of the backrest according to FIG. 1, specifically in the area of the film hinge and the spring element, cut along the line 11-11 from FIG. 1,
  • 5 shows the same section as FIG. 2, but under load,
  • 6 shows a longitudinal section through the backrest and seat with grooves as spaces between the connecting members in the rest position,
  • 7 shows the same section under load in the rearward direction,
  • 8 is a top view of the backrest according to FIGS. 6 and 7 with bridges lying laterally next to the connecting members as spring elements,
  • 9 is a perspective view of a piece of seating furniture in which the connecting links run on the lateral edges of the backrest,
  • 10 is a rear view of the backrest with seat according to FIG. 9, cut along the line 111-111 from FIG. 9,
  • 11 is a partial rear view of the seat back with a different design of a connecting member,
  • 12 is a side view of the arrangement of FIG. 11 in the rest position,
  • Fig. 13 shows the same arrangement under load.

Fig. 1 zeigt das Sitzmöbel in perspektivischer Sicht, wobei auf die Darstellung des Untergestells weitgehend verzichtet wurde. Hierbei handelt es sich um Stand der Technik. Eingezeichnet sind der obere Teil eines Drehgestells 1 und ein Stahlrohrrahmen 2a. Auf dem Rahmen 2a ist der Sitz 3 befestigt. Dabei ergibt sich bei der dargestellten Konstruktion in bekannter Weise für den Sitz 3 etwa im Bereich der Querstrebe 2b des Rahmens 2a eine verdrehungsachse derart, daß der Sitz 3 um die Querstrebe 2b bei Belastung federn kann.Fig. 1 shows the seating in a perspective view, the representation of the base frame has been largely dispensed with. This is state of the art. The upper part of a bogie 1 and a tubular steel frame 2a are shown. The seat 3 is attached to the frame 2a. This results in the construction shown in a known manner for the seat 3 approximately in the region of the cross strut 2b of the frame 2a, an axis of rotation such that the seat 3 can spring about the cross strut 2b under load.

Der Sitz 3 geht über die Ausrundung 4 in die Rückenlehne 5 über, die in bekannter Weise so gewölbt ist, daß ihre Ränder 6 und 7 seitlich etwas vorgezogen sind. Die Rückenlehne 5 besitzt weiterhin eine der Anatomie der Wirbelsäule angepaßte Krümmung 8 im Längsschnitt. Im Bereich dieser Krümmung 8 sind die beiden Querrippen 9 und 10 angeordnet, die durch die Zwischenräume 11,12 und 13 voneinander sowie von den angrenzenden Teilen der Rückenlehne 5 bzw. der Ausrundung 4 getrennt sind.The seat 3 passes over the fillet 4 in the backrest 5, which is curved in a known manner so that its edges 6 and 7 are slightly advanced laterally. The backrest 5 also has a curvature 8 in longitudinal section adapted to the anatomy of the spine. In the area of this curvature 8, the two transverse ribs 9 and 10 are arranged, which are separated from one another by the intermediate spaces 11, 12 and 13 and from the adjacent parts of the backrest 5 and the fillet 4.

In der Mitte der Rückenlehne 5 enthält diese eine trogartige Vertiefung 14/15, in deren Mitte in Längsrichtung der Rückenlehne 5 der Steg 16 verläuft, der in diesem Bereich für die erforderliche Steifigkeit der Rückenlehne 5 sorgt. Im Bedarfsfalle können mehrere derartige Stege nebeneinander angeordnet werden. Im Bereich der Vertiefung 14/15 ist in Verlängerung der Zwischenräume 11, 12 und 13 jeweils ein Verbindungsglied 17, 18 und 19 angeordnet, das sich über die gesamte Breite der Vertiefung 14/15 erstreckt und dabei auch den Steg 16 durchläuft. Mit Hilfe der Verbindungsglieder 17, 18 und 19 werden die Querrippen 9 und 10 und diese mit den angrenzenden Teilen der Rückenlehne 5 bzw. der Ausrundung 4 zusammengehalten. Die Verbindungsglieder 17, 18 und 19 sind so gestaltet, daß sie im Bereich der Zwischenräume 11, 12 und 13 eine Drehbeweglichkeit um horizontate Achsen ergeben, wodurch der Rückenlehne eine elastische Nachgiebigkeit gegeben wird, mit der sich die Rückenlehne beim Zurücklehnen den anatomischen Gegebenheiten einer sitzenden Person anpassen kann. Es sei dabei darauf hingewiesen, daß die Rückenlehne 5 mit ihrer Ausrundung 4, die Querrippen 9 und 10 und der Sitz 3 im Prinzip starre Konstruktionselemente bilden, was durch Wahl eines geeigneten Kunststoffs, z.B. Polypropylen, sowie entsprechende bekannte Versteifungen auf der Unterseite des Sitzes und der Rückseite der Rückenlehne 5 ohne weiteres möglich ist. Derartige Versteifungen sind in Fig. 1 in Verbindung mit der Rückenlehne dargestellt, es handelt sich um die Versteifungen 20, 21 und 22, die in Längsrichtung in Verlängerung der Ränder der Vertiefung 14/15 verlaufen. Im Bedarfsfalle können noch weitere Versteifungen vorgesehen werden, insbesondere an den Rändern 6 und 7 der Rückenlehne 5 und unter dem Sitz 3.In the middle of the backrest 5, this contains a trough-like recess 14/15, in the middle of which, in the longitudinal direction of the backrest 5, the web 16 runs, which ensures the required rigidity of the backrest 5 in this area. If necessary, several such webs can be arranged side by side. In the area of the depression 14/15, a connecting member 17, 18 and 19 is arranged in the extension of the intermediate spaces 11, 12 and 13, which extends over the entire width of the depression 14/15 and also passes through the web 16. With the help of the connecting links 17, 18 and 19, the transverse ribs 9 and 10 and these are held together with the adjacent parts of the backrest 5 or the fillet 4. The connecting links 17, 18 and 19 are designed in such a way that, in the area of the spaces 11, 12 and 13, they can be rotated about horizontal axes, as a result of which the backrest is given an elastic resilience with which the backrest adjusts to the anatomical conditions of a seated person when leaning back Person can customize. It should be noted that the backrest 5 with its fillet 4, the transverse ribs 9 and 10 and the seat 3 in principle form rigid structural elements, which can be done by choosing a suitable plastic, for example Polypro pylen, as well as corresponding known stiffeners on the underside of the seat and the back of the backrest 5 is easily possible. Such stiffeners are shown in Fig. 1 in connection with the backrest, it is the stiffeners 20, 21 and 22 which extend in the longitudinal direction in the extension of the edges of the recess 14/15. If necessary, additional stiffeners can be provided, in particular at the edges 6 and 7 of the backrest 5 and under the seat 3.

Anhand der Fig. 2 und 3 seien nunmehr die konstruktive Gestaltung der Verbindungsglieder 17,18 und 19 erläutert. Dabei zeigt die Fig. 2 einen Schnitt längs der Linie I-I aus Fig. 1, also einen längs durch die Rückenlehne 5, die Ausrundung 4 und den Sitz 3 verlaufenden Längsschnitt, der in der Mitte des Steges 16 verläuft. Fig. 2 zeigt dabei Sitz 3 und Rückenlehne 5 in unbelasteter Lage, wogegen Fig. 3 Sitz und Rückenlehne 5 unter Belastung zeigt.The structural design of the connecting links 17, 18 and 19 will now be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. 2 shows a section along the line I-I from FIG. 1, that is to say a longitudinal section running longitudinally through the backrest 5, the fillet 4 and the seat 3, which runs in the middle of the web 16. 2 shows seat 3 and backrest 5 in an unloaded position, whereas FIG. 3 shows seat and backrest 5 under load.

Aufgrund der Wölbung der Rückenlehne 5 ist in Fig. 2 links neben der geschnittenen Versteifung 21 die Vorderfläche der Rückenlehne 5 gezeichnet, und zwar bis zu dem Rand 7 (siehe Fig. 1). Eine entsprechende Darstellung ergibt sich auch im Bereich des Sitzes 3, der in bekannter Weise ebenfalls eine Wölbung gemäß der Anatomie einer sitzenden Person aufweist. Die in Fig. 2 dargestellten Verbindungsglieder 17, 18 und 19 bestehen hier aus Rohren 23, die auf ihrer der Vorderseite der Rückenlehne 5 zugewandten Seite jeweils das Filmscharnier 24 bilden, während die gegenüberliegende Seite der Rohre 23 das jeweilige Federelement 25 bilden. Die dazwischen liegenden Bereiche, die an den Steg 16 angrenzen, sind wegen dieser Verbindung mit dem Steg 16 steif ausgebildet. Das gleiche gilt natürlich auch für die Bereiche der Rohre 23 in denen diese aus der Vertiefung 14/15 in die angrenzenden Teile der Rückenlehne 5 bzw. der Ausrundung 4 und der Querrippen 9 und 10 übergehen. Infolgedessen ergeben sich bei Belastung der Rückenlehne 5, wie sie in Fig. 3 dargestellt ist, nur eine Verformung der Rohre 23 im Bereich der Filmscharniere 24 und der Federelemente 25. Die Filmscharniere 24 erfahren dabei eine leichte Abknickung, wogegen die Federelemente 25 nach außen ausgebeult werden.Due to the curvature of the backrest 5, the front surface of the backrest 5 is drawn in FIG. 2 to the left of the cut stiffener 21, namely up to the edge 7 (see FIG. 1). A corresponding representation also results in the area of the seat 3, which likewise has a curvature in accordance with the anatomy of a seated person in a known manner. The connecting members 17, 18 and 19 shown in FIG. 2 here consist of tubes 23, each of which forms the film hinge 24 on its side facing the front of the backrest 5, while the opposite side of the tubes 23 form the respective spring element 25. The areas in between, which adjoin the web 16, are stiff because of this connection with the web 16. The same naturally also applies to the areas of the tubes 23 in which these pass from the recess 14/15 into the adjacent parts of the backrest 5 or the fillet 4 and the transverse ribs 9 and 10. As a result, when the backrest 5 is loaded, as shown in FIG. 3, there is only a deformation of the tubes 23 in the area of the film hinges 24 and the spring elements 25. The film hinges 24 experience a slight kink, whereas the spring elements 25 bulge outwards will.

Die Gesamtverbiegung der Rückenlehne 5 ist dabei relativ gering, wenn man die Verformung der Wirbelsäule beim Zurücklehnen einer auf dem Sitzmöbel sitzenden Person in Betracht zieht. Damit nun keine Überlastung der Filmscharniere 24 und der Federelemente 25 entsteht, sind Drehbegrenzungselemente vorgesehen, die jedoch aus Gründen der Vereinfachung der Darstellungsweise in den Fig. 1 bis 3 nicht eingezeichnet sind. Auf eine Ausführungsform eines Drehbegrenzungselements sei nunmehr anhand der Fig. 4 und 5 eingegangen.The total deflection of the backrest 5 is relatively small if one takes into account the deformation of the spine when a person sitting on the seating furniture leans back. So that there is no overloading of the film hinges 24 and the spring elements 25, rotation limiting elements are provided, which, however, are not shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 for reasons of simplification of the illustration. An embodiment of a rotation limiting element will now be discussed with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

Die Fig. 4 und 5 zeigen jeweils ein Rohr 23 gemäß Fig. 2 und 3, in das Vorsprünge 26 und 27 hineinragen, die als Drehbegrenzungselement wirken. Dabei sind die Schnitte aus den Fig. 4 und 5 gemäß den Linien 11-11 aus Fig. 1 gelegt, so daß der Steg 16 als von der Seite gesehen sichtbares Teil gezeichnet ist. Gemäß Fig. 4 besteht zwischen den Vorsprüngen 26 und 27 ein Abstand, der im Falle der Belastung des Rohres 23 aufgrund vollständiger Annäherung der Vorsprünge 26 und 27 verschwindet, wobei die Vorsprünge 26 und 27 gegeneinander stoßen und damit die Drehbegrenzung im Bereich des Rohres 23 herbeiführen, In Fig. 5 ist noch der Winkel a eingezeichnet, durch den der Grad der Verbiegung im Bereich des Rohres 23 dargestellt ist. Es handelt sich dabei hier um eine etwas übertriebene Darstellung, um den Winkel a deutlich werden zu lassen. Wie bereits eingangs erwähnt, handelt es sich dabei um Winkel von höchstens etwa 3°. Aus Fig. 5 geht noch hervor, daß sich das Federelement 25 gegenüber der Darstellung in Fig. 4 leicht ausgebeult hat, wodurch dem Federelement 25 die erforderliche Rückstellkraft gegeben wird.4 and 5 each show a tube 23 according to FIGS. 2 and 3, into which protrusions 26 and 27 protrude, which act as a rotation limiting element. The sections from FIGS. 4 and 5 are laid along lines 11-11 from FIG. 1, so that the web 16 is drawn as a part which is visible from the side. 4, there is a distance between the projections 26 and 27, which disappears when the tube 23 is loaded due to the complete approach of the projections 26 and 27, the projections 26 and 27 abutting one another and thus causing the rotation limitation in the region of the tube 23 5, the angle a is also shown, by which the degree of bending in the region of the tube 23 is shown. This is a somewhat exaggerated representation to make the angle a clear. As already mentioned at the beginning, these are angles of at most about 3 °. 5 that the spring element 25 has bulged slightly compared to the illustration in FIG. 4, as a result of which the spring element 25 is given the required restoring force.

Aus den Fig. 2 bis 5 wird außerdem deutlich, daß die Filmscharniere 24 und die Federelemente 25 Fließquerschnitte für das Fließen von Kunststoff insbesondere beim Spritzgießen bilden. Es besteht somit die Möglichkeit, Sitz 3 und Rückenlehne 5 mit den zugehörigen Elementen in einem Stück zu formen, wobei über die erwähnten Fließquerschnitte sich das Material von der Angußstelle, die beispielsweise unter dem Sitz 3 liegen kann, über alle Teile von Sitz 3 und Rückenlehne 5 ausbreiten kann.It is also clear from FIGS. 2 to 5 that the film hinges 24 and the spring elements 25 form flow cross sections for the flow of plastic, in particular during injection molding. There is thus the possibility of forming the seat 3 and backrest 5 with the associated elements in one piece, with the material from the sprue, which may be under the seat 3, for example, over all parts of the seat 3 and backrest via the flow cross-sections mentioned 5 can spread.

In den Fig. 6 und 7 sind Schnitte ähnlich denjenigen der Fig. 2 und 3 dargestellt, wobei jedoch insbesondere die Verbindungsglieder anders gestaltet sind. Bei der Darstellung und Bezeichnungsweise der Anordnung gemäß den Fig. 6 und 7 wurde soweit wie möglich auf die Gestaltung und die Bezugszeichen aus den Fig. 1 bis 3 zurückgegriffen. Es sei jedoch hervorgehoben, daß die Ausführungsform gemäß den Fig. 6 und 7 drei Querrippen 28, 29, 30 aufweist (im Gegensatz zu zwei Querrippen gemäß Fig. 1). Die Anzahl der Querrippen richtet sich nach der gewünschten anatomischen Anpassung und gegebenenfalls den technischen Formungsmöglichkeiten. Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß den Fig. 6 und 7 liegen neben den Nuten 31 die Zwischenräume 34, 35, 36 und 37 (ein Zwischenraum mehr als bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 1 wegen der dort nur vorgesehenen zwei Querrippen 9 und 10). Diese Zwischenräume 34, 35, 36 und 37 sind durch die Federelemente bildenden Brücken 33 überbrückt, sie verbinden also die nebeneinander liegenden Querrippen 28, 29 und 30 sowie die angrenzenden Abschnitte der Rückenlehne 5 und der Ausrundung 4. Die Brükken 33 sind gemäß der in Fig. 6 dargestellten Ruhelage mit einer Durchbiegung geformt, so daß sie eine Streckung ermöglichen, wodurch sie ihre Federspannung hervorrufen. Hierauf wird im Zusammenhang mit der Fig. 8 näher eingegangen. Beim Zurücklehnen werden die Filmscharniere 32 leicht geknickt, bis sich die Wände 38, 39 (siehe Fig. 7) der Nuten 31 auf den den Filmscharnieren 32 abgewandten Seiten berühren. Auf diese Weise wird durch die Gestaltung der Nuten auch das Drehbegrenzungselement geschaffen.6 and 7 sections are shown similar to those of FIGS. 2 and 3, but in particular the connecting links are designed differently. 6 and 7, the design and the reference numerals from FIGS. 1 to 3 were used as far as possible. However, it should be emphasized that the embodiment according to FIGS. 6 and 7 has three transverse ribs 28, 29, 30 (in contrast to two transverse ribs according to FIG. 1). The number of transverse ribs depends on the desired anatomical adaptation and, if necessary, the technical shaping options. In the embodiment according to FIGS. 6 and 7, the spaces 34, 35, 36 and 37 are located next to the grooves 31 (one space more than in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 because of the two transverse ribs 9 and 10 only provided there). These intermediate spaces 34, 35, 36 and 37 are bridged by the bridges 33 forming spring elements, that is to say they connect the transverse ribs 28, 29 and 30 lying next to one another as well as the adjacent sections of the backrest 5 and the rounded portion 4. The bridges 33 are designed according to the arrangement shown in FIG 6 rest position shown shaped with a deflection so that they allow extension, thereby causing their spring tension. This will be discussed in more detail in connection with FIG. 8. When leaning back, the film hinges 32 are bent slightly until the walls 38, 39 (see FIG. 7) of the grooves 31 touch on the sides facing away from the film hinges 32. On in this way the rotation limiting element is also created by the design of the grooves.

Fig 8 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf einen Ausschnitt der Rückenlehne 5, und zwar den mittleren Bereich mit den Nuten 31 und daran angrenzend den Bereich der Rückenlehne mit den Zwischenräumen 34, 35 und 36 (Zwischenraum 37 gemäß Fig. 6 ist in Fig. 8 nicht mehr eingezeichnet), Dabei wurde die in der Fig. 8 eingezeichnete Schraffur dazu verwendet, um sichtbares Material der Rückenlehne darzustellen. Darüber hinaus enthält die Fig. 8 einen oberen und einen unteren Teil, getrennt durch den zeichnerisch freigelassenen Raum X. Der untere Teil zeigt die Rückenlehne im unbelasteten Zustand, der obere Teil die Rückenlehne dagegen im belasteten Zustand. Demgemäß sind die im Zwischenraum 36 eingezeichneten Brücken 33 gebogen gezeichnet, da sie entspannt den Zwischenraum 36 überbrücken. Im oberen Teil handelt es sich dagegen um eine belastete Rükkenlehne, so daß die in den Zwischenräumen 34 und 35 eingezeichneten Brücken 33 mehr gestreckt gezeichnet sind. In der dargestellten Strecklage sind die Brücken 33 gespannt und üben auf diese Weise ihre gewünschte Rückstellkraft aus. Die Brücken 33 können zusätzlich die Aufgabe der Drehbegrenzungselemente übernehmen, da die Brücken 33 in völliger Strecklage praktisch keine weitere Streckung ermöglichen, womit die Drehbegrenzung erzielt wird. Es ist daher auch möglich, im Falle der Verwendung der Nuten 31 darauf zu verzichten, deren Wandenden als Drehbegrenzungselemente heranzuziehen (siehe Fig. 7).8 shows a plan view of a section of the backrest 5, specifically the central region with the grooves 31 and adjoining the region of the backrest with the spaces 34, 35 and 36 (space 37 according to FIG. 6 is no longer in FIG. 8 8), the hatching shown in FIG. 8 was used to represent visible material of the backrest. In addition, Fig. 8 contains an upper and a lower part, separated by the space X. The lower part shows the backrest in the unloaded state, while the upper part shows the backrest in the loaded state. Accordingly, the bridges 33 shown in the intermediate space 36 are drawn curved, since they bridge the intermediate space 36 in a relaxed manner. In the upper part, however, it is a loaded backrest, so that the bridges 33 shown in the spaces 34 and 35 are drawn more stretched. In the stretched position shown, the bridges 33 are tensioned and in this way exert their desired restoring force. The bridges 33 can also take over the function of the rotation limiting elements, since the bridges 33 practically do not allow any further extension in the fully extended position, whereby the rotation limitation is achieved. It is therefore also possible, if the grooves 31 are used, to dispense with using their wall ends as rotation limiting elements (see FIG. 7).

Wie ersichtlich, bilden die Filmscharniere 32 und die Brücken 33 Fließquerschnitte für den Kunststoff, so daß also auch bei der Ausführungsform gemäß den Fig. 6, 7 und 8 Sitz 3 und Rückenlehne 5 mit den zugehörigen Elementen in einem Stück über die genannten Fließquerschnitte geformt werden können. Es sei noch darauf hingewiesen, daß die in Fig. 8 eingezeichneten kastenförmigen Gebilde 40 auf der Rückseite der Rückenlehne 5 ausgebildete Verrippungen sind, die zur Versteifung der Querrippen 28, 29 und 30 dienen.As can be seen, the film hinges 32 and the bridges 33 form flow cross sections for the plastic, so that in the embodiment according to FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 seat 3 and backrest 5 are formed in one piece with the associated elements over the flow cross sections mentioned can. It should also be pointed out that the box-shaped structures 40 shown in FIG. 8 are ribs formed on the back of the backrest 5, which serve to stiffen the transverse ribs 28, 29 and 30.

In Fig. 9 ist ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt, bei dem als Traggestell das Rohrgerüst 41 dient, das mit seinen oberen Holmen 42 in bekannter Weise eine gewisse Federung für den Sitz 3 erlaubt. Der Sitz 3 ist an den Holmen 42 befestigt, Hier sind die Verbindungsglieder im Bereich der Rückenlehne 5 an deren seitlichen Rändern angeordnet. Die Verbindungsglieder bestehen hier im wesentlichen aus den Filmscharnieren 32, die am Grund von Nuten 31 ausgebildet sind, womit diesbezüglich im Prinzip eine Konstruktion gemäß derjenigen aus Fig. 6 entsteht. Die Nuten 31 sind dabei in Randverstärkungen 44, 45 vorgesehen, die im Querschnitt als nach hinten offener Kasten erscheinen, wobei die Nuten 31 jeweils in einer Wand 43 der betreffenden Randverstärkung 44 bzw. 45 vorgesehen sind. Die Nuten 31 und die Filmscharniere 32 wirken dabei wie die gleich bezeichneten Bauteile gemäß den Fig. 6 bis 8.FIG. 9 shows a further exemplary embodiment, in which the tubular frame 41 serves as the supporting frame and, with its upper spars 42, allows a certain amount of suspension for the seat 3 in a known manner. The seat 3 is attached to the spars 42, here the connecting links are arranged in the region of the backrest 5 on the side edges thereof. The connecting links here essentially consist of the film hinges 32, which are formed at the bottom of grooves 31, which in this respect in principle results in a construction according to that from FIG. 6. The grooves 31 are provided in edge reinforcements 44, 45, which appear in cross section as a box open to the rear, the grooves 31 being provided in a wall 43 of the relevant edge reinforcement 44 and 45, respectively. The grooves 31 and the film hinges 32 act like the components with the same designation according to FIGS. 6 to 8.

In der Rückenlehne 5 sind zwischen den Randverstärkungen 44 und 45 die beiden Querrippen 46 und 47 angeordnet, die voneinander durch die Zwischenräume 48, 49 und 50 getrennt sind. Im Bereich der Zwischenräume 48, 49 und 50 sind mittig die Federelement eangeordnet, und zwar als Brücken 51, die sich auf der rückwärtigen Seite der Rückenlehne auswölben. Hierauf sei im einzelnen im Zusammenhang mit der Fig, 10 eingegangen.In the backrest 5 between the edge reinforcements 44 and 45, the two transverse ribs 46 and 47 are arranged, which are separated from one another by the spaces 48, 49 and 50. In the area of the spaces 48, 49 and 50, the spring element is arranged in the center, specifically as bridges 51, which bulge out on the rear side of the backrest. This will be discussed in detail in connection with FIG. 10.

Fig. 10 zeigt eine Rückansicht der Rückenlehne 5 mit Sitz 3, und zwar geschnitten längs der Linie 111-111 aus Fig. 9. Die Rückenlehne 5 ist dabei in unbelasteter Lage dargestellt. Aus Fig. 10 ergibt sich eine Stabilisierung der Rückenlehne 5, und zwar durch die quer verlaufenden Versteifungen 52, 53, 54 und 55 und die längs verlaufenden Versteifungen 56, die in der Randverstärkung 44 verlaufen. In der in Figur 10 nicht dargestellten Randverstärkung 45 verlaufen natürlich entsprechende Aussteifungen.FIG. 10 shows a rear view of the backrest 5 with seat 3, specifically cut along the line 111-111 from FIG. 9. The backrest 5 is shown in an unloaded position. 10 shows a stabilization of the backrest 5, namely by the transverse reinforcements 52, 53, 54 and 55 and the longitudinal reinforcements 56 which run in the edge reinforcement 44. Corresponding stiffeners naturally run in the edge reinforcement 45 (not shown in FIG. 10).

Figur 11 zeigt eine Abwandlung gegenüber der Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 10, wobei gemäß Figur 11 die Federelemente und die Drehbegrenzungselemente in die seitlich angeordneten Verbindungsglieder gelegt sind. Dargestellt ist in Figur 11 der Sitz 3 und die Rückenlehne 5, und zwar nur zum Teil, wobei längs des einen Randes von Sitz 3 und Rückenlehne 5 die Randverstärkung 45 verläuft (eine entsprechende Randverstärkung liegt dann auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite). Im Gegensatz zur Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 10, bei der die Filmscharniere 32 auf der Vorderseite der Rückenlehne 5 angeordnet sind, liegen die Filmscharniere 32 bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 11 auf der Rückseite der Rückenlehne 5. Die Filmscharniere 32 bilden dabei den Scheitel von nach Art eines Dreiecks zueinander angeordneten Flächen 57 und 58, die sichnutartig nach vorn öffnen. In rückwärtiger Richtung sind die Flächen 57 und 58 zueinander versteift, und zwar durch die Aussteifungen 59, die in Verlängerung der Wände und der Aussteifung 60 in der Randverstärkung 45 verlaufen. Auf der den Filmscharnieren 32 gegenüberliegenden Seite sind die Wände 57 und 58 über die Bänder 61 verbunden, die in der in Figur 11 dargestellten Ruhelage leicht einwärts gebogen sind. Die Bänder bilden sowohl die Federelemente als auch die Drehbegrenzungselemente, ihre Funktion wird weiter unten anhand der Erläuterung der Fig. 12 und 13 beschrieben. In seitlicher Verlängerung neben den Filmscharnieren 32 mit den Flächnen 57 und 58 erstrecken sich die Querrippen 46 und 47 mit den Zwischenräumen 48, 49 und 50.Figure 11 shows a modification to the embodiment of Figure 10, wherein according to Figure 11, the spring elements and the rotation limiting elements are placed in the laterally arranged connecting members. The seat 3 and the backrest 5 are shown in FIG. 11, and only in part, the edge reinforcement 45 running along one edge of the seat 3 and backrest 5 (a corresponding edge reinforcement then lies on the opposite side). In contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 10, in which the film hinges 32 are arranged on the front of the backrest 5, the film hinges 32 in the embodiment according to FIG. 11 lie on the back of the backrest 5. The film hinges 32 form the vertex of art of a triangle mutually arranged surfaces 57 and 58 which open towards the front like a groove. In the rearward direction, the surfaces 57 and 58 are stiffened relative to one another, specifically by the stiffeners 59, which extend in the edge reinforcement 45 in the extension of the walls and the stiffener 60. On the side opposite the film hinges 32, the walls 57 and 58 are connected via the belts 61, which are bent slightly inwards in the rest position shown in FIG. The bands form both the spring elements and the rotation limiting elements, their function is described below with reference to the explanation of FIGS. 12 and 13. In a lateral extension next to the film hinges 32 with the surfaces 57 and 58, the transverse ribs 46 and 47 extend with the spaces 48, 49 and 50.

Die Fig. 12 und 13 zeigen in Seitensicht einen Ausschnitt der Randverstärkung 45 im Bereich eines Filmscharniers 32 mit den Flächen 57 und 58. Dabei zeigt die Figur 12 die Anordnung in der Ruhelage, die Figur 13 die Anordnung unter Belastung. Wie ersichtlich, ist das in Figur 12 dargestellte Band 61 leicht nach innen durchgewölbt. Es wird unter Belastung in die in Figur 13 dargestellte gestreckte Lage überführt, wobei der Übergang in die gestreckte Lage im Band 61 eine Federspannung aufbaut, womit dieses die Wirkung des Federelementes entfaltet. Über die in Figur 13 dargestellte gestreckte Lage kann das Band 61 praktisch nicht gedehnt werden, so daß es in dieser Lage als Drehbegrenzungselement wirkt.12 and 13 show a side view of a section of the edge reinforcement 45 in the area of a film hinge 32 with the surfaces 57 and 58. FIG. 12 shows the arrangement in the rest position, and FIG. 13 shows the arrangement under load. As can be seen, the band 61 shown in FIG. 12 is slightly arched inwards. It is loaded under the conditions in FIG shown stretched position transferred, the transition to the stretched position in the band 61 builds up a spring tension, whereby this unfolds the effect of the spring element. The belt 61 can practically not be stretched over the stretched position shown in FIG. 13, so that in this position it acts as a rotation limiting element.

Bezüglich aller Ausführungsbeispiele sei darauf hingewiesen, daß die Gesamtgestaltung von Sitz 3 und Rückenlehne 5 nach der Entnahme aus der Form mit Polsterschaum umhüllt werden kann, einerseits um Vorsprünge aufgrund der Verstärkungen unsichtbar zu machen, andererseits auch darum, um von vornherein eine Polsterung zu schaffen.With regard to all exemplary embodiments, it should be noted that the overall design of the seat 3 and backrest 5 can be covered with upholstery foam after removal from the mold, on the one hand to make projections invisible due to the reinforcements, and on the other hand to create upholstery from the outset.

Claims (12)

1. A chair having a seat (3) and a backrest (5) which is resiliently yielding in itself and which consists, approximately in the hip region, of a plurality of transverse ribs (9, 10) which are separated from one another by gaps (11, 12, 13) and which are held together via connecting elements (17, 18, 19) in such a manner that the transverse ribs (9, 10) are pivotable in relation to one another about horizontal axes, characterised in that the connecting elements (17, 18, 19) consist of film hinges (24) bridging the gaps (11, 12, 13) in one piece and having turning-limiting elements (26, 27), the seat (3) together with the backrest (5) and the latter together with the transverse ribs (9, 10) being formed in one piece from plastics material over flow cross-sections which are formed by the film hinges (24) and spring elements associated with these and attached to the arms of the film hinges (24).
2. A chair according to Claim 1, characterised in that the arms of the film hinges (24) merge into the seat (3), the backrest (5) and the transverse ribs (9, 10).
3. A chair according to Claim 2, characterised in that the film hinges (24) form, with the spring elements (25), opposite components of tubes (23) extending along the gaps, the tube portions between the film hinges (24) and the spring elements (25) being made substantially rigid.
4. A chair according to Claim 3, characterised in that the turning-limiting elements are constructed in the form of projections (26, 27) directed towards one another in the tubes (23).
5. A chair according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that, in the region of the connecting elements, the gaps consist of grooves (31) which have the film hinge (32) at their bottom.
6. A chair according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the spring elements are formed by bridges (33, 51) between the transverse ribs (28, 29, 30), which bridges are situated laterally beside the connecting elements.
7. A chair according to Claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the grooves (31) are open at the rear side of the backrest (5) and, at the side remote from the bottom of the grooves (31), the groove walls form the turning-limiting elements.
8. A chair according to Claim 1, 5 or 6, characterised in that, at the sides remote from the film hinges (32), the grooves (31) are bridged by flexible, substantially non-extensible bands (61) as flow cross-sections which, in their straightened position, form the turning-limiting elements.
9. A chair according to Claim 8, characterised in that the bands (61) simultaneously form the spring elements and, in their position of rest, are bent outwards, from which position, they pass under loading into the straightened position against an inherent spring tension.
10. A chair according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the connecting elements (17, 18, 19) extend in the middle of the backrest (5).
11. A chair according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the connecting elements extend, in the form of symmetrical pairs, in the lateral region of the backrest (5).
12. A chair according to any one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the spring tension of the spring elements is made different from gap to gap.
EP87901025A 1986-02-13 1987-02-05 Chair with a seat and an elastically yielding back support Expired - Lifetime EP0256064B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3604534 1986-02-13
DE19863604534 DE3604534A1 (en) 1986-02-13 1986-02-13 SEAT FURNITURE WITH A SEAT AND A BACKREST RESILIENTLY ELASTICALLY

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EP0256064A1 EP0256064A1 (en) 1988-02-24
EP0256064B1 true EP0256064B1 (en) 1990-05-23

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EP87901025A Expired - Lifetime EP0256064B1 (en) 1986-02-13 1987-02-05 Chair with a seat and an elastically yielding back support

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US (1) US4856846A (en)
EP (1) EP0256064B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3604534A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1987004909A1 (en)

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DE3762795D1 (en) 1990-06-28
WO1987004909A1 (en) 1987-08-27
US4856846A (en) 1989-08-15
EP0256064A1 (en) 1988-02-24
DE3604534A1 (en) 1987-08-20

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