EP0251005A1 - Synthesis gas cooler - Google Patents

Synthesis gas cooler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0251005A1
EP0251005A1 EP87108572A EP87108572A EP0251005A1 EP 0251005 A1 EP0251005 A1 EP 0251005A1 EP 87108572 A EP87108572 A EP 87108572A EP 87108572 A EP87108572 A EP 87108572A EP 0251005 A1 EP0251005 A1 EP 0251005A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
cable
flue
throttle cable
pressure vessel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87108572A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0251005B1 (en
Inventor
Georg Ziegler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Management AG
Original Assignee
Sulzer AG
Gebrueder Sulzer AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0251005A1 publication Critical patent/EP0251005A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1838—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines the hot gas being under a high pressure, e.g. in chemical installations
    • F22B1/1846—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines the hot gas being under a high pressure, e.g. in chemical installations the hot gas being loaded with particles, e.g. waste heat boilers after a coal gasification plant
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/86—Other features combined with waste-heat boilers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas cooler for synthesis gas, with two coaxial gas flues arranged vertically in a pressure container, which are formed from wall tubes welded to one another in a gas-tight manner and through which a medium flows, with a first gas passage connector for the gas cooler, which is attached to an upper end of the gas cooler and coaxial with the gas flues inner throttle cable and with at least one second gas passage connector for the outer throttle cable, in the area of a lower end of the gas cooler the inner throttle cable opens into the interior of the outer throttle cable and each throttle cable has at least its own inlet and outlet collector has, in which the wall pipes open.
  • Such a gas cooler is known from US Pat. No. 4,377,132, in which the inner throttle cable is fastened to the outer throttle cable and which, besides essential advantages of a thermodynamic and fluidic type, as well as in terms of pollution, has the disadvantage of poor accessibility of the wall pipes. That with solid impurities loaded synthesis gas enters the cooler at a temperature of, for example, 1500 ° C and a pressure of around 40 bar and leaves it at, for example, around 700 ° C, so that the gas flues are exposed to considerable corrosion. As a result of pollution, there are often considerable local temperature differences and therefore thermal stresses that place additional stress on the gas flues.
  • the inner gas flue is particularly affected because it is affected by the highest temperatures and the synthesis gas acts on it on both sides.
  • the inner gas train can be released independently of the outer gas train, and the first gas passage connection and the outer gas train with associated collector are dimensioned in the region of the upper end of the heat exchanger such that the inner gas train together with its collectors passes through it is vertically displaceable, and that at least one gas-guiding channel opening into the interior of the inner gas flue is arranged in the first gas passage nozzle.
  • the inner throttle cable can be pulled out of the pressure vessel through the first gas passage opening in a simple manner, regardless of the outer throttle cable, optimum accessibility of the inner throttle cable and the inside of the outer gas cable which is acted upon by the hot gases being achieved.
  • the inner gas train and the individual parts forming the outer gas train can be designed such that they each have a weight of approximately 25 tons; a weight that can be effortlessly managed with the lifting devices that are already available in every system of this type.
  • a particular advantage of the invention is that the order in which the accelerator cables are made accessible corresponds to the actual need: the most heavily used and therefore most frequently in need of cleaning and overhaul inner gas cable is the most easily accessible, the inside of the outer gas cable shows second in terms of accessibility, and the least stressed outer side of the outer throttle cable, as well as the inner side of the pressure vessel, are finally accessible.
  • the invention also has the additional advantage that when the inner throttle cable is removed from the pressure vessel, its collectors are taken along, so that any necessary pressure and tightness tests can also take place outside the pressure vessel. In the embodiment according to claim 3, this is also the case with respect to the outer throttle cable.
  • the gas cooler for synthesis gas has a prismatic, vertical inner gas duct 1 and a likewise prismatic, vertical outer gas duct 2, which are arranged coaxially in a circular-cylindrical, vertical pressure vessel 3.
  • the gas passages 1 and 2 are formed from straight wall pipes 5 and 5 ⁇ which run in the longitudinal direction of the gas passages and are welded to one another in a gas-tight manner by means of webs 4 and through which water or steam flows.
  • a first gas passage nozzle 6 is attached coaxially with the gas cables 1 and 2.
  • the inner throttle cable 1 opens into the interior of the outer throttle cable 2.
  • the inner throttle cable 1 and the outer throttle cable 2 each have a regular, octagonal cross section, delimited by eight walls, and are rotated by 22.5 ° relative to one another, so that the largest possible cross-sectional area is available in the space between the two throttle cables l and 2 for inspection purposes.
  • the wall tubes 5 of the inner throttle cable 1 each have a C-shaped bend that extends radially inwards and receives deformations and open into eight inner collectors (outlet collectors) l2; one for each wall.
  • Each collector l2 is connected to a steam consumer (not shown) via a first steam line l4 penetrating the pressure vessel 3.
  • the wall pipes 5 ⁇ of the outer throttle cable 2 form a funnel, which they leave radially below, along a horizontal plane, and open into eight, one for each wall, outer manifolds (inlet collectors) 2l.
  • Each outer distributor 2l is supplied with water via a horizontal, second water pipe 23 which pierces the pressure vessel.
  • the wall pipes 5 ⁇ of the outer throttle cable 2 open into eight, also one per wall, collectors (outlet collectors) 22, each of which via a second steam line 24 penetrating the pressure vessel 3, like the inner collector l2, with one not shown Steam consumer is connected.
  • the inner throttle cable 1 and the outer throttle cable 2 is independently suspended from the pressure vessel 3 by means of tie rods 8 or 8 ⁇ .
  • the tie rods 8 of the inner throttle cable l are each attached to a releasable support element l5, which is connected by means of horizontal screws (not shown in FIG. 3) to a support l5 ⁇ welded to the wall of the pressure vessel 3 and to the first gas passage nozzle 6.
  • Each tie rod 8 'of the outer throttle cable 2 is connected to a support element 25 directly welded to the wall of the pressure vessel 3. Adjusting nuts l6 make it easy to adjust the tie rods 8.8 ⁇ on the support elements l5 or 25.
  • d1 the greatest horizontal extent of the inner throttle cable l is denoted by d1.
  • d2 the distance between two parallel collectors 22 and is designated in Fig. L by d2 .
  • d3 the inner diameter of the first gas passage nozzle 6 is denoted by d3. Both d2 and d3 are chosen larger than d1, so that the inner throttle cable l can easily be lifted out of the gas cooler by means of a hoist l8 shown only symbolically in FIG.
  • a gasification reactor 30 is detachably connected by means of a flange connection to the first gas passage nozzle 6.
  • the interior of the gasification reactor 30 is continuously connected to the interior of the first gas flue l via a gas-conducting channel 10 arranged coaxially with the first gas passage nozzle 6.
  • the channel l0 has a high heat resistance and heat insulating effect and is preferably made of one Made of thin steel tube, which is lined with a thick insulating layer l0 ⁇ , which consists for example of a ramming compound.
  • the pressure vessel 3 In its lower area, the pressure vessel 3 forms a water bath 40 and is connected via a purification connection 4l to devices (not shown) for treating very dirty hot water. Fresh water is fed into the water bath 40 via a water supply line 42.
  • the eight vertical walls forming the outer throttle cable 2 are detachably connected to one another.
  • the outer manifold 2l and the outer collector 22 are firmly connected to the wall pipes 5 ⁇ of the outer throttle cable 2. It is therefore possible with relatively little effort to divide the outer throttle cable 2 into eight individual walls with associated collectors and distributors, which can be lifted out of the interior of the pressure vessel 3 through the gas passage nozzle 6. Since the need for such work arises only exceptionally, and then only rarely for all walls at the same time, these are normally welded to one another with relatively thin, easily removable weld seams 17 (FIG. 4). Screw connections are also possible instead of the weld seams l7.
  • the gas cooler works as follows:
  • Hot synthesis gas flows from the gasification reactor 30 through the channel l0 into the interior of the inner gas flue l. This is thus flowed through from top to bottom, whereby heat radiates from the synthesis gas onto the wall tubes 5.
  • the synthesis gas is redirected into the interior of the second throttle cable 2 and now flows from the bottom upwards between the inner gas cable 1 and the outer gas cable 2, thereby to the wall pipes 5 of the inner gas cable l and also to the wall pipes 5 ' radiating outer throttle cable 2.
  • a substantial amount of the contaminants carried by the synthesis gas settles during the flow described, partly on the water bath 40 and partly first on the surfaces of the gas passages 1 and 2, from where they flow into the bath 40.
  • the cooled synthesis gas leaves the gas cooler via the second gas passage connector 7.
  • the area located above the connector 7 between the inner gas cable 1 and the outer gas cable 2 and the pressure vessel 3 are filled with stagnant synthesis gas, with some heat passing through the outer wall of the outer gas cable 2 is dissipated from this. In this way, a certain pressure equalization occurs within the pressure vessel 3 between the inside and outside of each throttle cable, so that they can be designed for relatively small pressure differences and only the pressure vessel 3 is subjected to the high internal pressure.
  • the gasification reactor 30 and the duct 10 are removed, thereby clearing the way for lifting the inner gas duct 1.
  • This is then suspended from the hoist l8, after which the detachable support elements l5 are removed and the connections to the water pipes l3 (flange l3 ⁇ ) and to the steam pipes l4 (flange l4 ⁇ ) are released.
  • the inner throttle cable 1 can now be lifted out of the gas cooler through the first gas passage nozzle 6 and transported to a work station. Both the throttle cable 1 and the interior of the second gas cable are now easily accessible. Because the distributor 11 and the collector 12 are transported together with the inner accelerator cable 1, the accelerator cable 1 can be tested for pressure and tightness before reinstallation.
  • the outer gas cable 2 can be completely or partially - after sanding the weld seams l7 between its walls - disassembled into individual walls which are then lifted out of the pressure vessel 3 with the aid of the lifting device l8 and become one Workplace to be transported.
  • the distributor 2l and collector 22 carried along can then be used to carry out any pressure and tightness tests before reinstallation.
  • the described embodiment of the gas cooler is preferred in practice because of its characteristic gas flow, because this results in advantageous conditions for separating the contaminants carried by the gas.
  • the vertical tie rods 8 of the inner throttle cable 1 not only result in considerably smaller mechanical stresses within the gas cooler, but also a problem-free centering of the inner throttle cable 1, which considerably simplifies its installation and removal.
  • the water pipes 13, 23 and steam pipes 14, 24 are designed in such a way that they prevent or inhibit any tendency of the gas cables 1 and 2 to oscillate.
  • the wall tubes 5.5 ⁇ bent radially in the direction of the interior of the throttle cable to accommodate deformations fulfill one important function, since relatively large deformations - as a result, for example, of thermal expansion and / or earthquakes - can occur, which would cause great damage if the throttle cables 1, 2 were insufficiently elastic. In particular, blows are better absorbed during overhaul or assembly work.
  • the gas cooler is designed for relatively high outlet temperatures from the second gas passage nozzle, it may be advantageous to close the upper end of the space between the inner gas cable 1 and the outer gas cable 2 with a removable cover and to equalize the pressure with the inside of the pressure container 3 to realize in other ways, for example, by connecting the interior of the pressure vessel 3 with the cool part of a downstream second gas cooler and - along a cooling section - with the synthesis gas, whereby a throttle element interrupts the connection to the second gas cooler in normal operation.
  • the releasable support elements l5 could also be detachably attached to the inner throttle cable l and for this the tie rod 8 could be fastened directly to the support l5 ⁇ firmly connected to the pressure vessel 3.

Abstract

Der Gaskühler weist zwei vertikal in einem Druckbehälter (3) angeordnete koaxiale Gaszüge (l,2) auf, die aus miteinander gasdicht verschweissten und von einem Kühlmittel durchströmten Wandrohren (5,5') gebildet sind und an ihrem unteren Ende gasströmungsseitig miteinander in Verbindung stehen. Am oberen Ende des Gaskühlers ist ein koaxial mit den Gaszügen (l,2) angebrachter Gaseintrittsstutzen (6) für den inneren Gaszug (l) vorgesehen, wogegen für den äusseren Gaszug (2) im Bereich des oberen Endes ein Gasaustrittsstutzen (7) angebracht ist. Die Wandrohre (5,5') sind an Verteilern (ll bzw. 2l) und an Sammlern (l2 bzw. 22) angeschlossen. Der innere Gaszug (l) ist unabhängig vom äusseren Gaszug (2) lösbar im Druckbehälter (3) befestigt. Der Gaseintrittsstutzen (6) sowie der äussere Gaszug (2) sind im Bereich des oberen Endes des Wärmeübertragers so bemessen, dass der innere Gaszug (l) zusammen mit den Verteilern (ll) und Sammlern (l2) durch sie hindurch vertikal ausbaubar ist. Durch diese Gestaltung werden die Gaszüge für Reinigungs- und Reparaturarbeiten leicht zugänglich.The gas cooler has two coaxial gas flues (1, 2) arranged vertically in a pressure vessel (3), which are formed from wall pipes (5,5 ') welded to one another in a gas-tight manner and through which a coolant flows and which are connected to one another at their lower end on the gas flow side . At the upper end of the gas cooler there is a gas inlet connector (6) for the inner gas cable (l), which is coaxial with the gas cables (1, 2), whereas a gas outlet connector (7) is provided for the outer gas cable (2) in the area of the upper end . The wall pipes (5,5 ') are connected to distributors (ll or 2l) and to collectors (l2 or 22). The inner throttle cable (l) is detachably fastened in the pressure vessel (3) independently of the outer throttle cable (2). The gas inlet connector (6) and the outer gas duct (2) are dimensioned in the area of the upper end of the heat exchanger so that the inner gas duct (l) together with the distributors (ll) and collectors (l2) can be removed vertically through them. This design makes the throttle cables easily accessible for cleaning and repair work.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Gaskühler für Synthesegas, mit zwei vertikal in einem Druckbehälter angeordneten koaxialen Gaszügen, die aus miteinander gasdicht ver­schweissten und von einem Medium durchströmten Wandrohren gebildet sind, mit einem an einem oberen Ende des Gasküh­lers, koaxial mit den Gaszügen angebrachten ersten Gas­durchtrittsstutzen für den inneren Gaszug und mit minde­stens einem im Bereich des oberen Endes angebrachten zwei­ten Gasdurchtrittsstutzen für den äusseren Gaszug, wobei im Bereich eines unteren Endes des Gaskühlers der innere Gaszug in das Innere des äusseren Gaszuges mündet und wo­bei jeder Gaszug mindestens einen eigenen Ein- und einen eigenen Austrittskollektor aufweist, in die die Wandrohre münden.The invention relates to a gas cooler for synthesis gas, with two coaxial gas flues arranged vertically in a pressure container, which are formed from wall tubes welded to one another in a gas-tight manner and through which a medium flows, with a first gas passage connector for the gas cooler, which is attached to an upper end of the gas cooler and coaxial with the gas flues inner throttle cable and with at least one second gas passage connector for the outer throttle cable, in the area of a lower end of the gas cooler the inner throttle cable opens into the interior of the outer throttle cable and each throttle cable has at least its own inlet and outlet collector has, in which the wall pipes open.

Aus der US-PS 4,377,l32 ist ein solcher Gaskühler bekannt, in dem der innere Gaszug am äusseren Gaszug befestigt ist und der neben wesentlichen Vorteilen thermodynamischer und strömungstechnischer Art, sowie in bezug auf Ver­schmutzung, den Nachteil einer schlechten Zugänglichkeit der Wandrohre aufweist. Das mit festen Verunreinigungen beladene Synthesegas tritt oben in den Kühler mit einer Temperatur von z.B. l500° C und einem Druck von etwa 40 bar ein und verlässt ihn beispielsweise mit ca. 700° C, so dass die Gaszüge beachtlicher Korrosion ausgesetzt sind. Infolge Verschmutzung kommen häufig erhebliche, lokale Temperaturdifferenzen und daher Wärmespannungen vor, die die Gaszüge noch zusätzlich belasten. Aus diesen Tatsachen ist die Bedeutung häufiger Inspektions- und Reinigungsarbeiten erkennbar, sowie die Tatsache, dass bei einem solchen Gaskühler mit gelegentlichen, grösseren Ueberholungsarbeiten zu rechnen ist. Besonders betroffen ist dabei der innere Gaszug, weil auf ihn die höchsten Temperaturen einwirken und das Synthesegas ihn beidseitig beaufschlagt.Such a gas cooler is known from US Pat. No. 4,377,132, in which the inner throttle cable is fastened to the outer throttle cable and which, besides essential advantages of a thermodynamic and fluidic type, as well as in terms of pollution, has the disadvantage of poor accessibility of the wall pipes. That with solid impurities loaded synthesis gas enters the cooler at a temperature of, for example, 1500 ° C and a pressure of around 40 bar and leaves it at, for example, around 700 ° C, so that the gas flues are exposed to considerable corrosion. As a result of pollution, there are often considerable local temperature differences and therefore thermal stresses that place additional stress on the gas flues. From these facts, the importance of frequent inspection and cleaning work can be seen, as well as the fact that with such a gas cooler, occasional, major overhaul work can be expected. The inner gas flue is particularly affected because it is affected by the highest temperatures and the synthesis gas acts on it on both sides.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Gaskühler der obigen Gattung zu schaffen, bei dem die Gaszüge für Rei­nigungs- und Reparaturarbeiten auf einfache und kosten­günstige Weise zugänglich sind, ohne jedoch seine Her­stellkosten wesentlich zu steigern und seine Funktions­fähigkeit zu verschlechtern.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a gas cooler of the above type, in which the throttle cables are accessible for cleaning and repair work in a simple and inexpensive manner, but without significantly increasing their manufacturing costs and worsening their functionality.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass der innere Gaszug unabhängig vom äusseren Gaszug lösbar ist, dass der erste Gasdurchtrittsstutzen sowie der äussere Gaszug mit zugehörigem Kollektor im Bereich des oberen Endes des Wärmeübertragers so bemessen sind, dass der innere Gaszug samt seinen Kollektoren durch sie hin­durch vertikal verschiebbar ist, und dass in dem ersten Gasdurchtrittsstutzen mindestens ein in das Innere des inneren Gaszuges mündender, gasführender Kanal angeordnet ist. Beim Gaskühler nach der Erfindung, lässt sich der innere Gaszug unabhängig vom äusseren Gaszug auf einfache Weise aus dem Druckbehälter durch die erste Gasdurchtritts­öffnung herausziehen, wobei eine optimale Zugänglichkeit des inneren Gaszuges und der von den heissen Gasen beaufschlagten Innenseite des äusseren Gaszuges erreicht wird. Eine vollstän­dige Zugänglichkeit des äusseren Gaszuges wird nach dem An­spruch 2 dadurch erreicht, dass durch die erste Gasdurch­trittsöffnung hindurch die einzelnen Teile dieses Gaszuges herausgehoben werden. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass bei den üblichen Grössen des erfindungsgemässen Gaskühlers, der innere Gaszug und die einzelnen, den äusseren Gaszug bildenden Teile so aus­gelegt werden können, dass sie je ein Gewicht von ca. 25t auf­weisen; ein Gewicht also, das mit den bei jeder Anlage dieser Art ohnehin vorhandenen Hebezeugen mühelos zu bewältigen ist.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the inner gas train can be released independently of the outer gas train, and the first gas passage connection and the outer gas train with associated collector are dimensioned in the region of the upper end of the heat exchanger such that the inner gas train together with its collectors passes through it is vertically displaceable, and that at least one gas-guiding channel opening into the interior of the inner gas flue is arranged in the first gas passage nozzle. In the gas cooler according to the invention, can the inner throttle cable can be pulled out of the pressure vessel through the first gas passage opening in a simple manner, regardless of the outer throttle cable, optimum accessibility of the inner throttle cable and the inside of the outer gas cable which is acted upon by the hot gases being achieved. A complete accessibility of the outer throttle cable is achieved in that the individual parts of this gas cable are lifted out through the first gas passage opening. It has been shown that with the usual sizes of the gas cooler according to the invention, the inner gas train and the individual parts forming the outer gas train can be designed such that they each have a weight of approximately 25 tons; a weight that can be effortlessly managed with the lifting devices that are already available in every system of this type.

Ein besonderer Vorteil der Erfindung ist, dass die Reihenfolge, in der die Gaszüge zugänglich gemacht werden, mit dem tatsächlichen Bedürfnis übereinstimmt: der am stärksten beanspruchte und daher am häufigsten reinigungs-­und überholungsbedürftige innere Gaszug ist am leichtesten zugänglich, das Innere des äusseren Gaszuges weist den zwei­ten Rang an Zugänglichkeit auf,und die am wenigsten beanspruch­te äussere Seite des äusseren Gaszuges wie auch die innere Seite des Druckbehälters, werden zuletzt zugänglich.A particular advantage of the invention is that the order in which the accelerator cables are made accessible corresponds to the actual need: the most heavily used and therefore most frequently in need of cleaning and overhaul inner gas cable is the most easily accessible, the inside of the outer gas cable shows second in terms of accessibility, and the least stressed outer side of the outer throttle cable, as well as the inner side of the pressure vessel, are finally accessible.

Die Erfindung weist ferner den zusätzlichen Vorteil auf, dass bei Herausnahme des inneren Gaszuges aus dem Druckbehälter seine Kollektoren mitgenommen werden, so dass ev. nötige Druck- ­und Dichtheitsprüfungen auch ausserhalb des Druckbehälters stattfinden können. In der Ausführung gemäss Anspruch 3 ist dies auch in Bezug auf den äusseren Gaszug der Fall.The invention also has the additional advantage that when the inner throttle cable is removed from the pressure vessel, its collectors are taken along, so that any necessary pressure and tightness tests can also take place outside the pressure vessel. In the embodiment according to claim 3, this is also the case with respect to the outer throttle cable.

Das gute thermodynamische und strömungstechnische Verhalten des erfindungsgemässen Gaskühlers bleiben erhalten.The good thermodynamic and fluidic behavior of the gas cooler according to the invention are retained.

Mit Hilfe der folgenden Beschreibung wird nun anhand der Zeichnung ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. l einen vertikalen, schematisierten Längsschnitt durch einen Gaskühler nach der Erfindung,
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt gemäss der Linie II-II in Fig. l,
  • Fig. 3 in grösserem Massstab als in Fig. l ein Detail aus dem linken oberen Bereich des Gaskühlers und
  • Fig. 4 im grösseren Massstab als in Fig. 2 ein Detail A dieser Figur.
With the help of the following description, an embodiment of the invention will now be explained with reference to the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 is a vertical, schematic longitudinal section through a gas cooler according to the invention,
  • 2 shows a section along the line II-II in FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 3 on a larger scale than in Fig. L shows a detail from the upper left area of the gas cooler and
  • Fig. 4 on a larger scale than in Fig. 2 shows a detail A of this figure.

Der Gaskühler für Synthesegas weist einen prismatischen, vertikalen inneren Gaszug l und einen ebenfalls prismati­schen, vertikalen äusseren Gaszug 2 auf, die in einem kreiszylindrischen, vertikalen Druckbehälter 3 koaxial angeordnet sind. Die Gaszüge l und 2 sind aus geraden, in Längsrichtung der Gaszüge verlaufenden, miteinander mit­tels Stegen 4 gasdicht verschweissten und wasser- bzw. dampfdurchströmten Wandrohren 5 bzw. 5ʹ gebildet. Am oberen Ende des Druckbehälters ist ein erster Gasdurch­trittsstutzen 6 koaxial mit den Gaszügen l und 2 ange­bracht. Im oberen Bereich des Druckbehälters ist ferner ein zweiter, horizontaler Gasdurchtrittsstutzen 7 vor­handen, der den Druckbehälter 3 durchstösst und in das Innere äusseren Gaszuges mündet. Der innere Gaszug l mündet an seinem unteren Ende in das Innere des äusseren Gaszuges 2. Der innere Gaszug l und der äussere Gaszug 2 weisen je einen regelmässigen, achteckigen, durch acht Wande be­grenzten Querschnitt auf und sind gegeneinander um 22,5° ver­dreht angeordnet, damit im Zwischenraum zwischen den beiden Gaszügen l und 2 für Inspektionszwecke die grösstmöglichste Querschnittsfläche verfügbar ist. Die Wandrohre 5, jeweils einer Wand des inneren Gaszuges l münden unten in einen inneren Ver­teiler (Eintrittskollektor) ll, der über eine horizontale den Druckbehalter 3 und den äusseren Gaszug 2 durchstossende erste Wasserleitung l3 mit Wasser gespiesen wird. An ihrem oberen Ende weisen die Wandrohre 5 des inneren Gaszuges l je eine sich nach innen radial erstreckende, Ver­formungen aufnehmende C-förmige Biegung auf und münden in acht innere Sammler (Austrittskollektoren) l2; einer für jede Wand. Jeder Sammler l2 ist über eine den Druckbehälter 3 durchstossende, erste Dampfleitung l4 mit einem nicht ge­zeigten Dampfverbraucher verbunden. Im Bereich ihres un­teren Endes bilden die Wandrohre 5ʹ des äusseren Gaszuges 2 einen Trichter, den sie unten radial, entlang einer hori­zontalen Ebene, verlassen, und münden in acht, einer für jede Wand, äussere Verteiler (Eintrittskollektoren) 2l.The gas cooler for synthesis gas has a prismatic, vertical inner gas duct 1 and a likewise prismatic, vertical outer gas duct 2, which are arranged coaxially in a circular-cylindrical, vertical pressure vessel 3. The gas passages 1 and 2 are formed from straight wall pipes 5 and 5ʹ which run in the longitudinal direction of the gas passages and are welded to one another in a gas-tight manner by means of webs 4 and through which water or steam flows. At the upper end of the pressure vessel, a first gas passage nozzle 6 is attached coaxially with the gas cables 1 and 2. In the upper region of the pressure vessel there is also a second, horizontal gas passage connection 7, which pierces the pressure vessel 3 and opens into the interior of the outer throttle cable. At its lower end, the inner throttle cable 1 opens into the interior of the outer throttle cable 2. The inner throttle cable 1 and the outer throttle cable 2 each have a regular, octagonal cross section, delimited by eight walls, and are rotated by 22.5 ° relative to one another, so that the largest possible cross-sectional area is available in the space between the two throttle cables l and 2 for inspection purposes. The wall pipes 5, in each case one wall of the inner throttle cable 1, open at the bottom into an inner distributor (inlet collector) 11 which is supplied with water via a horizontal first water line l3 penetrating the pressure vessel 3 and the outer gas cable 2. At their upper end, the wall tubes 5 of the inner throttle cable 1 each have a C-shaped bend that extends radially inwards and receives deformations and open into eight inner collectors (outlet collectors) l2; one for each wall. Each collector l2 is connected to a steam consumer (not shown) via a first steam line l4 penetrating the pressure vessel 3. In the area of its lower end, the wall pipes 5ʹ of the outer throttle cable 2 form a funnel, which they leave radially below, along a horizontal plane, and open into eight, one for each wall, outer manifolds (inlet collectors) 2l.

Infolge dieser Formgebung können Verformungen auf günstige Wei­se aufgenommen werden. Jeder äussere Verteiler 2l wird über eine horizontale, den Druckbehälter durchstossende, zweite Wasserleitung 23 mit Wasser gespiesen. An ihren oberen Enden, münden die Wandrohre 5ʹ des äusseren Gaszuges 2 in acht, ebenfalls einer je Wand, Sammler (Austrittskollektoren) 22, von denen jeder über eine den Druckbehälter 3 durchstossen­de zweite Dampfleitung 24, wie der innere Sammler l2, mit ei­nem nicht gezeigten Dampfverbraucher verbunden ist.As a result of this shape, deformations can be absorbed in a favorable manner. Each outer distributor 2l is supplied with water via a horizontal, second water pipe 23 which pierces the pressure vessel. At their upper ends, the wall pipes 5ʹ of the outer throttle cable 2 open into eight, also one per wall, collectors (outlet collectors) 22, each of which via a second steam line 24 penetrating the pressure vessel 3, like the inner collector l2, with one not shown Steam consumer is connected.

Wie aus der Fig. 3 ersichtlich, sind der innere Gaszug l und der äussere Gaszug 2 am Druckbehälter 3 mittels Zugankern 8 bzw. 8ʹ voneinander unabhängig aufgehängt. Die Zuganker 8 des inneren Gaszuges l sind je an einem lösbaren Tragelement l5 befestigt, das mittels in Fig. 3 nicht gezeigter horizontaler Schrauben mit einem an der Wand des Druckbehälters 3 und am ersten Gasdurchtrittsstutzen 6 ange­schweissten Träger l5ʹ verbunden ist. Jeder Zuganker 8ʹ des äusseren Gaszuges 2 ist dagegen mit einem an der Wand des Druckbehälters 3 direkt angeschweissten Tragelement 25 verbun­den. Einstellmuttern l6 ermöglichen ein einfaches Einstellen der Zuganker 8,8ʹ an den Tragelementen l5 bzw. 25.As can be seen from FIG. 3, the inner throttle cable 1 and the outer throttle cable 2 is independently suspended from the pressure vessel 3 by means of tie rods 8 or 8ʹ. The tie rods 8 of the inner throttle cable l are each attached to a releasable support element l5, which is connected by means of horizontal screws (not shown in FIG. 3) to a support l5ʹ welded to the wall of the pressure vessel 3 and to the first gas passage nozzle 6. Each tie rod 8 'of the outer throttle cable 2, however, is connected to a support element 25 directly welded to the wall of the pressure vessel 3. Adjusting nuts l6 make it easy to adjust the tie rods 8.8ʹ on the support elements l5 or 25.

In Fig. l und 2 ist die grösste horizontale Ausdehnung des inneren Gaszuges l mit d₁ bezeichnet Beim äusseren Gaszug 2 ist die kleinste, im Innern seines oberen Bereiches messbare horizon­tale Ausdehnung der Abstand zwischen zwei parallelen Sammlern 22 und ist in Fig. l mit d₂ bezeichnet. In Fig. l ist noch der innere Durchmesser des ersten Gasdurchtrittsstutzens 6 mit d₃ bezeichnet. Sowohl d₂ als auch d₃ sind grösser als d₁ gewählt, so dass der innere Gaszug l mittels eines in Fig. l nur symbolisch gezeigten Hebezeugs l8 ohne weiteres aus dem Gas­kühler herausgehoben werden kann.In Fig. L and 2, the greatest horizontal extent of the inner throttle cable l is denoted by d₁. When the outer throttle cable 2 is the smallest horizontal extension measurable in the interior of its upper area, the distance between two parallel collectors 22 and is designated in Fig. L by d₂ . In Fig. L, the inner diameter of the first gas passage nozzle 6 is denoted by d₃. Both d₂ and d₃ are chosen larger than d₁, so that the inner throttle cable l can easily be lifted out of the gas cooler by means of a hoist l8 shown only symbolically in FIG.

Ein Vergasungsreaktor 30 ist mittels einer Flansch verbindung mit dem ersten Gasdurch­trittsstutzen 6 lösbar verbunden. Das Innere des Vergasungs­reaktors 30 steht über einen zum ersten Gasdurchtrittsstutzen 6 koaxial angeordneten, gasführenden Kanal l0 mit dem Inneren des ersten Gaszuges l durchgehend in Verbindung. Der Kanal l0 hat eine hohe Wärmebeständigkeit und wärme­isolierende Wirkung und ist vorzugsweise aus einem dünnen Stahlrohr hergestellt, das mit einer dicken Isolierschicht l0ʹ ausgekleidet ist, die zum Beispiel aus einer Stampfmasse besteht.A gasification reactor 30 is detachably connected by means of a flange connection to the first gas passage nozzle 6. The interior of the gasification reactor 30 is continuously connected to the interior of the first gas flue l via a gas-conducting channel 10 arranged coaxially with the first gas passage nozzle 6. The channel l0 has a high heat resistance and heat insulating effect and is preferably made of one Made of thin steel tube, which is lined with a thick insulating layer l0ʹ, which consists for example of a ramming compound.

In seinem unteren Bereich bildet der Druckbehälter 3 ein Wasserbad 40 und ist über einen Ent­schlackungsstutzen 4l mit nicht gezeigten Vorrichtungen zur Behandlung von stark verschmutzem heissem Wasser verbunden Ueber eine Wasserzufuhrleitung 42 wird Frischwasser in das Wasserbad 40 geleitet. Ein vertikales, mit den Gas­zügen l,2 koaxiales Tauchrohr 43, vorzugsweise vom äusseren Gaszug 2 getragen, erstreckt sich von diesem aus in das Wasserbad.In its lower area, the pressure vessel 3 forms a water bath 40 and is connected via a purification connection 4l to devices (not shown) for treating very dirty hot water. Fresh water is fed into the water bath 40 via a water supply line 42. A vertical immersion tube 43 coaxial with the throttle cables 1, 2, preferably carried by the outer throttle cable 2, extends from the latter into the water bath.

Die acht den äusseren Gaszug 2 bildenden, vertikalen Wän­de sind lösbar miteinander verbunden. Die äusseren Verteiler 2l sowie die äusseren Sammler 22 sind fest mit den Wandrohren 5ʹ des äusseren Gaszuges 2 verbunden. Es ist daher mit relativ wenig Aufwand möglich, den äusseren Gaszug 2 in acht einzelne Wände mit zugehörigem Sammler und Verteiler aufzuteilen, welche aus dem Innern des Druckbehälters 3 durch den Gasdurchtrittsstutzen 6 hindurch herausgehoben werden können. Da die Notwendigkeit solcher Arbeiten nur ausnahmsweise entsteht, und dann nur sel­ten für alle Wände zugleich, werden diese normalerweise mit relativ dünnen, leicht abzutragenden Schweissnähten l7 (Fig. 4) miteinander verschweisst. Es sind auch Schraubenverbindungen möglich, anstelle der Schweissnähte l7.The eight vertical walls forming the outer throttle cable 2 are detachably connected to one another. The outer manifold 2l and the outer collector 22 are firmly connected to the wall pipes 5ʹ of the outer throttle cable 2. It is therefore possible with relatively little effort to divide the outer throttle cable 2 into eight individual walls with associated collectors and distributors, which can be lifted out of the interior of the pressure vessel 3 through the gas passage nozzle 6. Since the need for such work arises only exceptionally, and then only rarely for all walls at the same time, these are normally welded to one another with relatively thin, easily removable weld seams 17 (FIG. 4). Screw connections are also possible instead of the weld seams l7.

Der Gaskühler funktioniert wie folgt:The gas cooler works as follows:

Aus dem Vergasungsreaktor 30 strömt heisses Synthesegas durch den Kanal l0 in das Innere des inneren Gaszuges l. Dieser wird somit von oben nach unten durchströmt, wobei Wärme aus dem Synthesegas auf die Wandrohre 5 strahlt. Im unteren Bereich des Trichters wird das Synthesegas in das Innere des zweiten Gaszuges 2 umgelenkt und strömt jetzt von unten nach oben zwischen dem inneren Gas­zug l und dem äusseren Gaszug 2, dabei an die Wandrohre 5 des inneren Gaszuges l und auch an die Wandrohre 5ʹ des äusseren Gaszuges 2 abstrahlend. Eine wesentliche Menge der vom Synthesegas mitgeführten Verunreinigungen setzt sich während der beschriebenen Strömung ab, zum Teil auf dem Wasserbad 40, und zum Teil zuerst auf den Oberflächen der Gaszüge l und 2, von wo aus sie in das Bad 40 hinein flies­sen.Hot synthesis gas flows from the gasification reactor 30 through the channel l0 into the interior of the inner gas flue l. This is thus flowed through from top to bottom, whereby heat radiates from the synthesis gas onto the wall tubes 5. In the lower area of the funnel, the synthesis gas is redirected into the interior of the second throttle cable 2 and now flows from the bottom upwards between the inner gas cable 1 and the outer gas cable 2, thereby to the wall pipes 5 of the inner gas cable l and also to the wall pipes 5 ' radiating outer throttle cable 2. A substantial amount of the contaminants carried by the synthesis gas settles during the flow described, partly on the water bath 40 and partly first on the surfaces of the gas passages 1 and 2, from where they flow into the bath 40.

Speisewasser strömt durch die erste und zweite Wasserleitung l3 bzw. 23 in die Verteiler ll bzw. 2l und von dort, vorzugsweise in Naturumlauf, durch die vertikalen Wandrohre 5 bzw. 5ʹ, bis es in Dampfform die Sammler l2 bzw. 22 er­reicht.Der Dampf gelangt über die erste und zweite Dampflei­tung l4 bzw. 24 zu Verbrauchern.Feed water flows through the first and second water pipes l3 or 23 into the distributors ll or 2l and from there, preferably in natural circulation, through the vertical wall pipes 5 or 5ʹ until it reaches the collector l2 or 22 in vapor form reaches consumers via the first and second steam lines 14 and 24, respectively.

Das gekühlte Synthesegas verlässt den Gaskühler über den zweiten Gasdurchtrittsstutzen 7. Der oberhalb des Stutzens 7 befindliche Bereich zwischen dem inneren Gaszug l und dem äusseren Gaszug 2 sowie den Druckbehälter 3 sind mit stag­nierendem Synthesegas gefüllt, wobei durch die Aussenwand des äusseren Gaszuges 2 hindurch etwas Wärme aus diesem abgeführt wird. Auf diese Weise entsteht innerhalb des Druckbehälters 3 ein gewisser Druckausgleich zwischen der Innen- und Aussenseite eines jeden Gaszuges, so dass diese für relativ geringe Druckdifferenzen ausgelegt werden können und lediglich der Druckbehälter 3 vom hohen Innendruck beansprucht wird.The cooled synthesis gas leaves the gas cooler via the second gas passage connector 7. The area located above the connector 7 between the inner gas cable 1 and the outer gas cable 2 and the pressure vessel 3 are filled with stagnant synthesis gas, with some heat passing through the outer wall of the outer gas cable 2 is dissipated from this. In this way, a certain pressure equalization occurs within the pressure vessel 3 between the inside and outside of each throttle cable, so that they can be designed for relatively small pressure differences and only the pressure vessel 3 is subjected to the high internal pressure.

Aus der beschriebenen Arbeitsweise des erfindungsgemässen Gas­kühlers und der Wärmeisolation des Kanals l0 ergibt sich, dass die ganze Aufhängung der Gaszüge l und 2, insbesondere die Zuganker 8 und 8ʹ, in einer relativ kühlen Zone des Gaskühlers angeordnet ist.From the described method of operation of the gas cooler according to the invention and the thermal insulation of the duct 10 it follows that the entire suspension of the gas cables 1 and 2, in particular the tie rods 8 and 8ʹ, is arranged in a relatively cool zone of the gas cooler.

Für Reinigungs- und Reparaturarbeiten werden der Vergasungsreaktor 30 und der Kanal l0 entfernt und damit der Weg zum Herausheben des inneren Gaszuges l freigelegt. Dieser wird dann am Hebezeug l8 aufge­hängt, wonach die lösbaren Tragelemente l5 abmontiert und die Verbindungen zu den Wasserleitungen l3 (Flansch l3ʹ) und zu den Dampfleitungen l4 (Flansch l4ʹ) gelöst werden. Der innere Gaszug l kann nun aus dem Gaskühler durch den ersten Gasdurchtrittsstutzen 6 hindurch herausgehoben und zu einem Arbeitsplatz transportiert werden. Sowohl der Gaszug l als auch das Innere des zweiten Gaszuges sind nun gut zu­gänglich. Dadurch dass die Verteiler ll und die Sammler l2 mit dem inneren Gaszug l zusammen transportiert werden, kann der Gaszug l vor dem Wiedereinbau auf Druck und Dichtheit getestet werden.For cleaning and repair work, the gasification reactor 30 and the duct 10 are removed, thereby clearing the way for lifting the inner gas duct 1. This is then suspended from the hoist l8, after which the detachable support elements l5 are removed and the connections to the water pipes l3 (flange l3ʹ) and to the steam pipes l4 (flange l4ʹ) are released. The inner throttle cable 1 can now be lifted out of the gas cooler through the first gas passage nozzle 6 and transported to a work station. Both the throttle cable 1 and the interior of the second gas cable are now easily accessible. Because the distributor 11 and the collector 12 are transported together with the inner accelerator cable 1, the accelerator cable 1 can be tested for pressure and tightness before reinstallation.

Erweist es sich als notwendig, den äusseren Gaszug 2,einen Teil davon oder auch die Innenseite des Druckbehälters 3 besser zugänglich zu machen, so kann der äussere Gaszug 2 ganz oder teilweise - nach Abschmirgeln der Schweissnähte l7 zwischen seinen Wänden - in einzelne Wände zerlegt werden, die dann mit Hilfe des Hebezeuges l8 aus dem Druckbehälter 3 herausgeho­ben und zu einem Arbeitsplatz transportiert werden. Die mitgeführten Ver­teiler 2l und Sammler 22 können dann dazu verwendet wer­den, etwaige Druck- und Dichtheitstests vor dem Wieder­einbau durchzuführen.If it proves necessary to make the outer throttle cable 2, part of it or the inside of the pressure vessel 3 more accessible, the outer gas cable 2 can be completely or partially - after sanding the weld seams l7 between its walls - disassembled into individual walls which are then lifted out of the pressure vessel 3 with the aid of the lifting device l8 and become one Workplace to be transported. The distributor 2l and collector 22 carried along can then be used to carry out any pressure and tightness tests before reinstallation.

Die beschriebene Ausführungform des Gas­kühlers wird in der Praxis wegen ihrer charakteristischen Gasführung bevorzugt, weil dadurch sich vorteilhafte Bedingun­gen für das Abscheiden der vom Gas mitgeführten Verunreini­gungen ergeben.The described embodiment of the gas cooler is preferred in practice because of its characteristic gas flow, because this results in advantageous conditions for separating the contaminants carried by the gas.

Es ist möglich, auf die lösbaren Tragelemente l5 zu verzichten und den Zuganker 8 des inneren Gaszuges l, quer zu deren Längs­achse angeordnet, an mit dem Druckbehälter 3 fest verbundenen Tragelementen zu befestigen. Durch die vertikalen Zuganker 8 des in­neren Gaszuges l ergeben sich jedoch nicht nur erheblich kleinere mechanische Beanspruchungen innerhalb des Gaskühlers, sondern auch eine problemlose Zentrierung des inneren Gaszuges l, die sein Ein- und Ausbauen wesentlich vereinfacht. Die Wasserleitungen l3,23 und die Dampfleitungen l4,24 sind so ausgelegt, dass sie eventuelle Pendelungsten­denzen der Gaszüge l und 2 verhindern bzw. hemmen.It is possible to dispense with the releasable support elements l5 and to fasten the tie rod 8 of the inner throttle cable l, arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis thereof, to support elements firmly connected to the pressure vessel 3. The vertical tie rods 8 of the inner throttle cable 1 not only result in considerably smaller mechanical stresses within the gas cooler, but also a problem-free centering of the inner throttle cable 1, which considerably simplifies its installation and removal. The water pipes 13, 23 and steam pipes 14, 24 are designed in such a way that they prevent or inhibit any tendency of the gas cables 1 and 2 to oscillate.

Die zur Aufnahme von Verformungen radial in Richtung auf das Innere des Gaszuges gebogenen Wandrohre 5,5ʹ erfüllen eine wichtige Funktion, da relativ grosse Verformungen - infolge zum Beispiel von Wärmedehnungen und/oder Erdbeben - auftreten können, welche bei ungenügender Elastizität der Gaszüge l,2 grosse Schäden verursachen würden. Insbesondere werden dadurch Schläge während Ueberholungs- bzw. Montagearbeiten besser auf­genommen.The wall tubes 5.5ʹ bent radially in the direction of the interior of the throttle cable to accommodate deformations fulfill one important function, since relatively large deformations - as a result, for example, of thermal expansion and / or earthquakes - can occur, which would cause great damage if the throttle cables 1, 2 were insufficiently elastic. In particular, blows are better absorbed during overhaul or assembly work.

Falls der Gaskühler für relativ hohe Austrittstemperaturen aus dem zweiten Gasdurchtrittsstutzen ausgelegt ist, kann es von Vorteil sein, das obere Ende des Zwischenraumes zwischen dem inneren Gaszug l und dem äusseren Gaszug 2 mit einem lösbaren Deckel zu schliessen und den Druckausgleich mit dem Innern des Druck­behälters 3 auf andere Wege zu verwirklichen, zum Beispiel, durch Verbinden des Inneren des Druckbehälters 3 mit dem kühlen Teil eines nachgeschalteten zweiten Gaskühlers und - entlang einer Kühlstrecke - mit dem Synthesegaseintritt, wobei im Nor­malbetrieb ein Drosselorgan die Verbindung mit dem zweiten Gas­kühler unterbricht.If the gas cooler is designed for relatively high outlet temperatures from the second gas passage nozzle, it may be advantageous to close the upper end of the space between the inner gas cable 1 and the outer gas cable 2 with a removable cover and to equalize the pressure with the inside of the pressure container 3 to realize in other ways, for example, by connecting the interior of the pressure vessel 3 with the cool part of a downstream second gas cooler and - along a cooling section - with the synthesis gas, whereby a throttle element interrupts the connection to the second gas cooler in normal operation.

Im gleichen Ausführungsbeispiel könnten auch die lösbaren Trag­elemente l5 am inneren Gaszug l lösbar und dafür der Zuganker 8 direkt an dem mit dem Druckbehälter 3 fest verbundenen Trä­ger l5ʹ befestigt sein.In the same exemplary embodiment, the releasable support elements l5 could also be detachably attached to the inner throttle cable l and for this the tie rod 8 could be fastened directly to the support l5ʹ firmly connected to the pressure vessel 3.

Claims (6)

1. Gaskühler für Synthesegas, mit zwei vertikal in einem Druck­behälter angeordneten koaxialen Gaszügen, die aus miteinander gas­dicht verschweissten und von einem Medium durchströmten Wand­rohren gebildet sind, mit einem an einem oberen Ende des Gas­kühlers, koaxial mit den Gaszügen angebrachten ersten Gas­durchtrittsstutzen für den inneren Gaszug und mit mindestens einem im Bereich des oberen Endes angebrachten zweiten Gas­durchtrittsstutzen für den äusseren Gaszug, wobei im Bereich eines unteren Endes des Gaskühlers der innere Gaszug in das Innere des äusseren Gaszuges mündet und wobei jeder Gaszug mindestens einen eigenen Ein- und einen eigenen Austritts­kollektor aufweist, in die die Wandrohre münden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der innere Gaszug unabhängig vom äusseren Gaszug lösbar ist, dass der erste Gasdurchtrittsstutzen sowie der äussere Gaszug mit zugehörigem Kollektor im Be­reich des oberen Endes des Wärmeübertragers so bemessen sind, dass der innere Gaszug samt seinen Kollektoren durch sie hindurch vertikal verschiebbar ist, und dass in dem ersten Gas­durchtrittsstutzen mindestens ein in das Innere des inneren Gas­zuges mündender, gasführender Kanal angeordnet ist.1.Gas cooler for synthesis gas, with two coaxial gas flues arranged vertically in a pressure vessel, which are formed from wall pipes which are welded together in a gas-tight manner and through which a medium flows, with a first gas passage connector for the inner gas flue, which is attached to an upper end of the gas cooler and is coaxial with the gas flues and with at least one second gas passage connection for the outer gas flue, which is attached in the area of the upper end, the inner gas flue opening into the interior of the outer gas flue in the area of a lower end of the gas cooler, and each gas flue having at least its own inlet and outlet collector, into which the wall pipes open, characterized in that the inner gas duct can be detached independently of the outer gas duct, that the first gas passage connection and the outer gas duct with associated collector are dimensioned in the area of the upper end of the heat exchanger in such a way that the inner gas duct together with its col is vertically displaceable through them, and that at least one gas-guiding channel opening into the interior of the inner gas flue is arranged in the first gas passage nozzle. 2. Gaskühler nach Anspruch l, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der äussere Gaszug aus mindestens drei miteinander lösbar ver­bundenen Teilen besteht, die einzeln durch den ersten Gasdurchtrittsstutzen hindurch verschiebbar sind.2. Gas cooler according to claim l, characterized in that the outer throttle cable consists of at least three parts releasably connected to one another, which are individually displaceable through the first gas passage nozzle. 3. Gaskühler nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass je­des der den äusseren Gaszug bildenden Teile die zugehörigen Ein- und Austrittskollektoren aufweist.3. Gas cooler according to claim 2, characterized in that each of the parts forming the outer gas flue has the associated inlet and outlet collectors. 4. Gaskühler nach einem der Ansprüche l bis 3, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, dass mindestens der innere Gaszug mittels mindes­tens einem Zugelement aufgehängt ist, das an einem lösbaren Tragelement befestigt ist.4. Gas cooler according to one of claims l to 3, characterized is characterized in that at least the inner throttle cable is suspended by means of at least one pull element which is attached to a releasable support element. 5. Gaskühler nach einem der Ansprüche l bis 4, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, dass der Druckbehälter zylindrisch ist und seine Längsachse mit der Achse der Gaszüge zusammenfällt.5. Gas cooler according to one of claims l to 4, characterized in that the pressure vessel is cylindrical and its longitudinal axis coincides with the axis of the throttle cables. 6. Gaskühler nach einem der Ansprüche l bis 5, wobei die Wand­rohre gerade sind und in Längsrichtung der Gaszüge angeord­net sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Nähe mindes­tens eines der Kollektoren, zur Aufnahme von Verformungen die Wandrohre radial in Richtung auf das Innere des Gas­zuges zu gebogen sind.6. Gas cooler according to one of claims l to 5, wherein the wall tubes are straight and are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the gas flues, characterized in that in the vicinity of at least one of the collectors, for absorbing deformations, the wall tubes radially in the direction of the interior of the gas flue are too bent.
EP87108572A 1986-07-02 1987-06-13 Synthesis gas cooler Expired - Lifetime EP0251005B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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CH2661/86A CH670501A5 (en) 1986-07-02 1986-07-02
CH2661/86 1986-07-02

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EP0251005B1 EP0251005B1 (en) 1991-03-27

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JP (1) JPS6325490A (en)
CN (1) CN1012590B (en)
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CH (1) CH670501A5 (en)
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EP0435424A1 (en) * 1989-11-24 1991-07-03 Texaco Development Corporation Synthesis gas barrier and refractory support
EP0763589A1 (en) * 1995-09-13 1997-03-19 MAN Gutehoffnungshütte Aktiengesellschaft Refractory lining in the transition between a gasifier and a waste heat boiler

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US5233943A (en) * 1990-11-19 1993-08-10 Texaco Inc. Synthetic gas radiant cooler with internal quenching and purging facilities
JPH08500389A (en) * 1992-12-30 1996-01-16 コンバッション エンヂニアリング インコーポレーテッド Circular slag tap for gasifier
US5803937A (en) * 1993-01-14 1998-09-08 L. & C. Steinmuller Gmbh Method of cooling a dust-laden raw gas from the gasification of a solid carbon-containing fuel
DE59301475D1 (en) * 1993-03-16 1996-02-29 Krupp Koppers Gmbh Gasification apparatus for the pressure gasification of fine-particle fuels
DE19714376C1 (en) * 1997-04-08 1999-01-21 Gutehoffnungshuette Man Synthesis gas generator with combustion and quench chamber
US7587995B2 (en) * 2005-11-03 2009-09-15 Babcock & Wilcox Power Generation Group, Inc. Radiant syngas cooler
US8684070B2 (en) * 2006-08-15 2014-04-01 Babcock & Wilcox Power Generation Group, Inc. Compact radial platen arrangement for radiant syngas cooler
US8240366B2 (en) * 2007-08-07 2012-08-14 General Electric Company Radiant coolers and methods for assembling same
US8191617B2 (en) * 2007-08-07 2012-06-05 General Electric Company Syngas cooler and cooling tube for use in a syngas cooler
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FR2513741A1 (en) * 1981-09-25 1983-04-01 Creusot Loire Waste heat boiler for coal gasification processes - transfers heat in annular chamber with water-cooled walls
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FR902653A (en) * 1943-10-18 1945-09-10 Brandt Edgar Ets Gas-steam appliance consisting of the combination of a boiler and a gasifier
DE2933514B1 (en) * 1979-08-18 1980-03-27 Gutehoffnungshuette Sterkrade Device for treating synthesis gas generated by coal gasification
EP0048326A2 (en) * 1980-09-19 1982-03-31 GebràœDer Sulzer Aktiengesellschaft Hot-gas cooler for a coal gasification plant
FR2513741A1 (en) * 1981-09-25 1983-04-01 Creusot Loire Waste heat boiler for coal gasification processes - transfers heat in annular chamber with water-cooled walls
EP0088221A2 (en) * 1982-03-09 1983-09-14 Deutsche Babcock Anlagen Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for cooling a gas produced in a gasifier

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EP0435424A1 (en) * 1989-11-24 1991-07-03 Texaco Development Corporation Synthesis gas barrier and refractory support
EP0763589A1 (en) * 1995-09-13 1997-03-19 MAN Gutehoffnungshütte Aktiengesellschaft Refractory lining in the transition between a gasifier and a waste heat boiler
WO1997010315A2 (en) * 1995-09-13 1997-03-20 MAN Gutehoffnungshütte Aktiengesellschaft Fireproof cladding in the transfer line of a gasifier to the heat recovery boiler
WO1997010315A3 (en) * 1995-09-13 1997-05-15 Gutehoffnungshuette Man Fireproof cladding in the transfer line of a gasifier to the heat recovery boiler
US5873329A (en) * 1995-09-13 1999-02-23 Man Gutehoffnungshutte Aktiengesellschaft Refractory lining in the transition of a gasifier to the waste heat boiler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN87104200A (en) 1988-01-13
CN1012590B (en) 1991-05-08
JPS6325490A (en) 1988-02-02
AU590865B2 (en) 1989-11-16
ZA874763B (en) 1988-01-06
US4768470A (en) 1988-09-06
EP0251005B1 (en) 1991-03-27
AU7499687A (en) 1988-01-07
CH670501A5 (en) 1989-06-15
DE3768865D1 (en) 1991-05-02

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