EP0226567A2 - Built-up wooden sectional beam for the erection of loadbearing walls, and walls erected with such sectional beams - Google Patents

Built-up wooden sectional beam for the erection of loadbearing walls, and walls erected with such sectional beams Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0226567A2
EP0226567A2 EP8686870183A EP86870183A EP0226567A2 EP 0226567 A2 EP0226567 A2 EP 0226567A2 EP 8686870183 A EP8686870183 A EP 8686870183A EP 86870183 A EP86870183 A EP 86870183A EP 0226567 A2 EP0226567 A2 EP 0226567A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
built
sectional beam
walls
sectional
load
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP8686870183A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0226567A3 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Pol Joseph Verraes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Verraes Wolfgang P J
Original Assignee
Verraes Wolfgang P J
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from BE1/011399A external-priority patent/BE903859A/en
Application filed by Verraes Wolfgang P J filed Critical Verraes Wolfgang P J
Publication of EP0226567A2 publication Critical patent/EP0226567A2/en
Publication of EP0226567A3 publication Critical patent/EP0226567A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
    • E04B2/70—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood
    • E04B2/701—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood with integrated supporting and obturation function
    • E04B2/702—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood with integrated supporting and obturation function with longitudinal horizontal elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/14—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web

Definitions

  • This invention relates to built-up wooden sectional beams for erecting load-bearing or non-load bearing walls.
  • the invention also relates to the walls, more particularly load-bearing inside cavity walls and load-bearing inside walls, erected with such wooden sectional beams.
  • Wood is a material frequently used for making walls. It is used for erecting non-load bearing inside walls in buildings; garden sheds; saunas, and lightweight and possibly dismantlable cottages. It is less used for the erection of the load-bearing inside cavity wall of a cavity wall or a load-bearing inside wall.
  • the built-up sectional beam according to the invention provides a number of advantages.
  • the built-up sectional beam according to the invention in any case solves one problem which accompanies the conventional above beam structure as used for the intended use, i.e. the problem of the expansion of the wood depending upon its degree of moisture. Let us assume that the degree of moisture of the wood during processing thereof to sectional beams in the factory has a moisture content of 8%. If the sectional beam is processed at the site of the construction, this moisture content rises to 12 - 15% in view of the circumstances in which the beams are erected.
  • the moisture conten.t will develop to a state of equilibrium which is about 8% for an inside wall and about 12% for an inside cavity wall.
  • the beams will expand and contract, and in the case of a wall of a certain area this will very rapidly result in a few centimeters change in the dimensions.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide sectional beams which solve this problem and which provide a more practical sectional beam for the purpose in view.
  • the wooden sectional beam according to the invention is characterized by its construction consisting of a core, the direction of the grain of which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sectional beam and lies within the plane of the wall to be erected therewith, having a finishing layer, more particularly a wooden or plastic strip, on one or both sides.
  • the wooden sectional beam according to the invention can be sub-divided into two main parts : the core 1 and the surface layers 2 (Fig. 1).
  • the core 1 in turn consists of contiguous glued-together blocks 3, the direction of the grain of which extends perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis 4 of the beam and in the plane 5 of the wall 6 for erection (Figs. 1 and 2).
  • the core 1 has to take and transmit the weight of, and vertical loads on, the structural elements situated thereabove. In other words, the core 1 takes the compression forces situated in the plane 5 of the wall 6.
  • Core 1 has a surface layer 2 on each side, which in this case is in the form of a wooden strip, the direction of the grain of which is parallel to the longitudinal axis 4 of the beam.
  • the surface layer 2 is glued against the glued-together blocks 3 so that the resulting beam forms a rigid unit.
  • the still rectangular beam formed in this way (dotted line in Fig. 1) is then further processed to give the required section (solid line in Fig. 1).
  • the sectional beam according to the invention is provided with a tongue 7 at the top and with a groove 9 corresponding to the tongue 7 at the bottom.
  • the surface layer 2 has a double function : on the one hand it provides a finish for the beam and thus has an aesthetic function, while on the other hand it takes any bending loads on the wall 6. Bending stresses of this kind occur if the wall 6 is formed with openings, e.g. window and door openings, or if the wall 6 is subjected to compressive loading perpendicularly to its plane 5. Since the core 1 is constructed from contiguous glued-together blocks 3 the core 1 will be able to offer resistance only to insignificant bending stresses. In the surface layer 2, on the other hand, the bending stress is taken by the wood grain.
  • the beam according to the invention is much less subject to dimensional changes in response to varying dampness. This can readily be explained : the tangential expansion of wood, or the expansion in the direction of the grain, is less than the radial expansion of wood, or the expansion perpendicular to the direction of the grain. The crossing of the grain directions and the rigid connection of the core 1 and the surface layer 2 causes this difference in expansion of the two parts of the beam to counteract the expansion of the resulting wall in the two directions or restricts the expansion in the two directions of the beam.
  • the surface layer 2 Since the direction of the grain of the surface layer 2 is horizontal, the surface layer will expand mostly across it vertical dimension, while the core will expand mostly across its horizontal dimension since its grain direction is vertical.
  • the rigid connection of the two parts causes the expansions across the two directions of the wall to be restricted to the minimum expansion of the wood, i.e. the tangential expansion. Consequently, the beam can have larger dimensions so that larger free wall surfaces are possible.
  • the beam structure according to the invention is also much more favourable as regards strength.
  • the compressive strength of wood is much higher in its tangential direction than in its radial direction.
  • the core 1 of the beam according to the invention can thus be narrower than a conventional beam to be able to take the same compressive load.
  • the surface layers 2 take the bending load perpendicularly to the plane 5 of the wall just as well as a conventional beam in view of their distance from the beam neutral line. In other words the wood is used to much better advantage.
  • the beam structure according to the invention also enables the core 1 to be made from a less expensive type of wood than that of the surface layers 2 in view of the aesthetic requirements of the latter. To obtain a good outer surface a conventional beam must be completely made from the more expensive type of wood.
  • the surface layer 2 can also be made from a plastic or a plaster product, depending upon the aesthetic or practical requirements or loading of the beam.
  • the top of the tongue 7 of the sectional beam according to the invention may have a joint filler strip 8 stuck thereto (Fig. 2).
  • a joint filler strip 8 stuck thereto (Fig. 2).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)

Abstract

A built-up sectional beam for the erection of load-bearing or non-load bearing walls, more particularly load-bearing inside walls and inside cavity walls, characterized by its construction comprising a core (1) made from wood, the direction of the grain of which extends perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis (4) of the sectional beam and in the plane (5) of the wall (6) to be erected therefrom, with a finishing layer (2) on one or both sides, more particularly a wooden or plastic strip. Walls erected with such sectional beam.

Description

  • This invention relates to built-up wooden sectional beams for erecting load-bearing or non-load bearing walls.
  • The invention also relates to the walls, more particularly load-bearing inside cavity walls and load-bearing inside walls, erected with such wooden sectional beams.
  • Wood is a material frequently used for making walls. It is used for erecting non-load bearing inside walls in buildings; garden sheds; saunas, and lightweight and possibly dismantlable cottages. It is less used for the erection of the load-bearing inside cavity wall of a cavity wall or a load-bearing inside wall.
  • One known technique to make wood suitable for this purpose is to stack tongued and grooved wooden beams on one another with special provision for the corner connections, inter alia as indicated in the Belgian patent number 871 546, so that the beams inter-engage rigidly on the line where they respectively meet horizontally and vertically, thus allowing a solid construction. In consideration of their special section, the known construction of such beams is the one in which the direction of the wood grain is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sectional beam. It is in other words the conventional construction of solid, i.e. not built-up, beams and the like.
  • Although that construction is satisfactory for the intended use, the built-up sectional beam according to the invention provides a number of advantages. The built-up sectional beam according to the invention in any case solves one problem which accompanies the conventional above beam structure as used for the intended use, i.e. the problem of the expansion of the wood depending upon its degree of moisture. Let us assume that the degree of moisture of the wood during processing thereof to sectional beams in the factory has a moisture content of 8%. If the sectional beam is processed at the site of the construction, this moisture content rises to 12 - 15% in view of the circumstances in which the beams are erected. Once the building is finished, or if the wooden walls erected with such sectional beams are again in a dry atmosphere, the moisture conten.t will develop to a state of equilibrium which is about 8% for an inside wall and about 12% for an inside cavity wall. During this development of the wood moisture content, from the time that the wood reaches the site until the time that the wood moisture content reaches its state of equilibrium, the beams will expand and contract, and in the case of a wall of a certain area this will very rapidly result in a few centimeters change in the dimensions.
  • The object of the invention is therefore to provide sectional beams which solve this problem and which provide a more practical sectional beam for the purpose in view.
  • The wooden sectional beam according to the invention is characterized by its construction consisting of a core, the direction of the grain of which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sectional beam and lies within the plane of the wall to be erected therewith, having a finishing layer, more particularly a wooden or plastic strip, on one or both sides.
  • In order better to explain the construction and advantages of a wooden sectional beam according to the invention, one embodiment of a wooden sectional beam according to the invention will be described in detail hereinafter as an example without any limiting force with reference to the accompanying drawing wherein :
    • Fig. 1 is a perspective of a wooden sectional beam according to the invention, in which the finishing layer is a wooden strip.
    • Fig. 2 is a section of a number of wooden sectional beams according to the invention disposed one upon the other.
  • The wooden sectional beam according to the invention can be sub-divided into two main parts : the core 1 and the surface layers 2 (Fig. 1).
  • The core 1 in turn consists of contiguous glued-together blocks 3, the direction of the grain of which extends perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis 4 of the beam and in the plane 5 of the wall 6 for erection (Figs. 1 and 2). The core 1 has to take and transmit the weight of, and vertical loads on, the structural elements situated thereabove. In other words, the core 1 takes the compression forces situated in the plane 5 of the wall 6.
  • Core 1 has a surface layer 2 on each side, which in this case is in the form of a wooden strip, the direction of the grain of which is parallel to the longitudinal axis 4 of the beam. The surface layer 2 is glued against the glued-together blocks 3 so that the resulting beam forms a rigid unit. The still rectangular beam formed in this way (dotted line in Fig. 1) is then further processed to give the required section (solid line in Fig. 1). In a preferred embodiment, the sectional beam according to the invention is provided with a tongue 7 at the top and with a groove 9 corresponding to the tongue 7 at the bottom.
  • The surface layer 2 has a double function : on the one hand it provides a finish for the beam and thus has an aesthetic function, while on the other hand it takes any bending loads on the wall 6. Bending stresses of this kind occur if the wall 6 is formed with openings, e.g. window and door openings, or if the wall 6 is subjected to compressive loading perpendicularly to its plane 5. Since the core 1 is constructed from contiguous glued-together blocks 3 the core 1 will be able to offer resistance only to insignificant bending stresses. In the surface layer 2, on the other hand, the bending stress is taken by the wood grain.
  • If the wooden sectional beam according to the invention is compared with the conventional beam structure, both used for constructing load-bearing or non-load bearing walls, it will be seen that the beam according to the invention is much less subject to dimensional changes in response to varying dampness. This can readily be explained : the tangential expansion of wood, or the expansion in the direction of the grain, is less than the radial expansion of wood, or the expansion perpendicular to the direction of the grain. The crossing of the grain directions and the rigid connection of the core 1 and the surface layer 2 causes this difference in expansion of the two parts of the beam to counteract the expansion of the resulting wall in the two directions or restricts the expansion in the two directions of the beam. Since the direction of the grain of the surface layer 2 is horizontal, the surface layer will expand mostly across it vertical dimension, while the core will expand mostly across its horizontal dimension since its grain direction is vertical. The rigid connection of the two parts causes the expansions across the two directions of the wall to be restricted to the minimum expansion of the wood, i.e. the tangential expansion. Consequently, the beam can have larger dimensions so that larger free wall surfaces are possible.
  • The beam structure according to the invention is also much more favourable as regards strength. The compressive strength of wood is much higher in its tangential direction than in its radial direction. The core 1 of the beam according to the invention can thus be narrower than a conventional beam to be able to take the same compressive load. The surface layers 2 take the bending load perpendicularly to the plane 5 of the wall just as well as a conventional beam in view of their distance from the beam neutral line. In other words the wood is used to much better advantage.
  • The beam structure according to the invention also enables the core 1 to be made from a less expensive type of wood than that of the surface layers 2 in view of the aesthetic requirements of the latter. To obtain a good outer surface a conventional beam must be completely made from the more expensive type of wood.
  • Of course the surface layer 2 can also be made from a plastic or a plaster product, depending upon the aesthetic or practical requirements or loading of the beam.
  • If required, the top of the tongue 7 of the sectional beam according to the invention may have a joint filler strip 8 stuck thereto (Fig. 2). When the sectional members are then placed one upon the other the strip 8 occupies a position between the tongue 7 and the groove 9 of two consecutive beams. This strip 8 is advantageous in order to seal off any heat and noise gaps in the erected wall.

Claims (10)

1. A built-up sectional beam for the erection of load-bearing or non-load bearing walls, more paricularly load-bearing inside walls and inside cavity walls, characterized by its construction comprising a core (1) made from wood, the direction of the grain of which extends perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis (4) of the sectional beam and in the plane (5) of the wall (6) to be erected therefrom, with a surface layer (2) on one or both sides.
2. A built-up sectional beam according to claim 1, characterized in that the core (1) consists of contiguously secured wooden blocks (3), the direction of the grain of which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (4) of the sectional beam and lies in the plane (5) of the wall (6) to be erected therewith.
3. A built-up sectional beam according to claim 2, characterized in that the wooden blocks (3) are glued together.
4. A built-up sectional beam according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface layer (2) is a wooden strip secured to the core (1), the direction of the grain of the strip extending perallel to the longitudinal axis (4) of the sectional beam.
5. A built-up sectional beam according to claim 4, characterized in that the wooden strip is glued to the core (1).
6. A built-up sectional beam according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface layer (2) is a plastic or plaster strip.
7. A built-up sectional beam according to any one of claims 1 to 6 characterized in that the sectional beam is provided with a tongue (7) at its top or bottom and with a groove (9), corresponding with the tongue (7) respectively at its bottom or top.
8. A built-up sectional beam according to claim 7, characterized in that a joint filler strip (8) is provided on the tongue (7).
9. A built-up sectional beam according to claim 7, characterized in that a joint filler strip (8) is disposed in the groove (9).
10. A constructional element, more particularly load-bearing or non-load bearing walls, ceiling finishes, floor finishes, pre-assembled panels, more particularly load-bearing inside walls and inside cavity walls, constructed with built-up sectional beams according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and/or 9.
EP8686870183A 1985-12-16 1986-12-08 Built-up wooden sectional beam for the erection of loadbearing walls, and walls erected with such sectional beams Withdrawn EP0226567A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE903859 1985-12-16
BE903859 1985-12-16
BE1/011399A BE903859A (en) 1985-12-16 1985-12-16 Composite profiled wall beam - has core with transverse grain and finishing layer on each side

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0226567A2 true EP0226567A2 (en) 1987-06-24
EP0226567A3 EP0226567A3 (en) 1988-07-27

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EP8686870183A Withdrawn EP0226567A3 (en) 1985-12-16 1986-12-08 Built-up wooden sectional beam for the erection of loadbearing walls, and walls erected with such sectional beams

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0380057A1 (en) * 1989-01-23 1990-08-01 Peter Schacht Multi-layered wooden beam
EP0644303A1 (en) * 1993-09-16 1995-03-22 Pol Jacob Wooden beam
NL1011527C2 (en) * 1999-03-11 2000-09-12 Vleeskens Anna Marie Schirris Double sided wall or fence with horizontal tongue and groove planks, built from modules and is easy to assemble
DE10153914A1 (en) * 2001-11-02 2003-05-15 Holzbau Lothar Dunz Firma Cuboid building block for a wall arrangement used as the walls of a house or of a packaging box or container comprises form-locking elements for producing a socket connection between several building blocks
FR2922914A1 (en) * 2007-10-25 2009-05-01 Patrick Alonso Stackable block for constructing e.g. bearing wall of leisure habitat, has solid wooden planks whose length determines length of block, and central part whose faces are provided with fixation units fixing planks in parallel position
BE1018269A3 (en) * 2008-08-26 2010-08-03 Mi Casa PROFILE BAR.
FR2976302A1 (en) * 2011-06-10 2012-12-14 Simonin Sas Wooden element for e.g. monopiece floor utilized for interior separation, has boards, where thicknesses of boards are included such that element does not propagate heat to side that is not damaged by fire, and seal is mounted between boards
EP3309315A1 (en) 2016-10-13 2018-04-18 Kontiotuote Oy Laminated log
EP3553243A1 (en) * 2018-04-09 2019-10-16 Honkarakenne, Oyj Laminated log structure, method and use

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH283661A (en) * 1949-06-28 1952-06-30 Ferran Jose Pradell Process for obtaining composite wooden elements for construction.
US3473277A (en) * 1967-04-18 1969-10-21 Intern Homes Of Cedar Inc Timbered building structure
DE1609586A1 (en) * 1965-03-16 1971-11-11 Billeruds Ab Prefabricated building element made of wood and plastic
DE1609756A1 (en) * 1965-09-10 1972-01-13 Oesterr Doka Schalung Wooden beams
DE2802275A1 (en) * 1977-01-20 1978-07-27 Toeraasen Magne Assembled wooden beam building element - has solid end spacers and cross connectors joined paired parallel side planks for log cabin structure (NL 24.7.78)
US4413459A (en) * 1981-03-16 1983-11-08 Boise Cascade Corporation Laminated wooden structural assembly

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE871546A (en) * 1978-10-26 1979-04-26 Verraes Wolfgang P J CORNER CONSTRUCTION FOR PREFAB HOUSES

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH283661A (en) * 1949-06-28 1952-06-30 Ferran Jose Pradell Process for obtaining composite wooden elements for construction.
DE1609586A1 (en) * 1965-03-16 1971-11-11 Billeruds Ab Prefabricated building element made of wood and plastic
DE1609756A1 (en) * 1965-09-10 1972-01-13 Oesterr Doka Schalung Wooden beams
US3473277A (en) * 1967-04-18 1969-10-21 Intern Homes Of Cedar Inc Timbered building structure
DE2802275A1 (en) * 1977-01-20 1978-07-27 Toeraasen Magne Assembled wooden beam building element - has solid end spacers and cross connectors joined paired parallel side planks for log cabin structure (NL 24.7.78)
US4413459A (en) * 1981-03-16 1983-11-08 Boise Cascade Corporation Laminated wooden structural assembly

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0380057A1 (en) * 1989-01-23 1990-08-01 Peter Schacht Multi-layered wooden beam
EP0644303A1 (en) * 1993-09-16 1995-03-22 Pol Jacob Wooden beam
NL1011527C2 (en) * 1999-03-11 2000-09-12 Vleeskens Anna Marie Schirris Double sided wall or fence with horizontal tongue and groove planks, built from modules and is easy to assemble
DE10153914A1 (en) * 2001-11-02 2003-05-15 Holzbau Lothar Dunz Firma Cuboid building block for a wall arrangement used as the walls of a house or of a packaging box or container comprises form-locking elements for producing a socket connection between several building blocks
DE10153914B4 (en) * 2001-11-02 2005-06-23 Leibold, Josef Rectangular building block, masonry blocks and uses of masonry
FR2922914A1 (en) * 2007-10-25 2009-05-01 Patrick Alonso Stackable block for constructing e.g. bearing wall of leisure habitat, has solid wooden planks whose length determines length of block, and central part whose faces are provided with fixation units fixing planks in parallel position
BE1018269A3 (en) * 2008-08-26 2010-08-03 Mi Casa PROFILE BAR.
FR2976302A1 (en) * 2011-06-10 2012-12-14 Simonin Sas Wooden element for e.g. monopiece floor utilized for interior separation, has boards, where thicknesses of boards are included such that element does not propagate heat to side that is not damaged by fire, and seal is mounted between boards
EP3309315A1 (en) 2016-10-13 2018-04-18 Kontiotuote Oy Laminated log
EP3553243A1 (en) * 2018-04-09 2019-10-16 Honkarakenne, Oyj Laminated log structure, method and use

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