EP0207867A1 - Propeller oder ähnliches mit eingesetzten Schraubenflügeln - Google Patents

Propeller oder ähnliches mit eingesetzten Schraubenflügeln Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0207867A1
EP0207867A1 EP86420161A EP86420161A EP0207867A1 EP 0207867 A1 EP0207867 A1 EP 0207867A1 EP 86420161 A EP86420161 A EP 86420161A EP 86420161 A EP86420161 A EP 86420161A EP 0207867 A1 EP0207867 A1 EP 0207867A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hub
propeller
balls
blades
blade
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86420161A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0207867B1 (de
Inventor
Bernard Bibollet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FONDERIE MUSIL
Original Assignee
FONDERIE MUSIL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FONDERIE MUSIL filed Critical FONDERIE MUSIL
Priority to AT86420161T priority Critical patent/ATE61302T1/de
Publication of EP0207867A1 publication Critical patent/EP0207867A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0207867B1 publication Critical patent/EP0207867B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/02—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
    • B63H1/12—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially in propulsive direction
    • B63H1/14—Propellers
    • B63H1/20—Hubs; Blade connections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H3/00—Propeller-blade pitch changing
    • B63H3/12—Propeller-blade pitch changing the pitch being adjustable only when propeller is stationary

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in particular to fixed propellers comprising blades attached to a central hub, applicable to the propulsion of boats, and it also includes, more generally, all rotary devices with blading, having a similar structure with a central hub and blades, such as turbine wheels.
  • the fixed propellers of boats are currently made by a single piece of foundry, in a material such as cast iron, cupro-aluminum or stainless steel, this foundry piece bringing together in a single block the propeller hub and the different blades distributed around the hub.
  • the foundry mold used is made either using a wooden model reproducing the propeller hub and a blade, or using a metal model reproducing the complete propeller.
  • the first solution is the most frequently used. It is the least expensive for the construction of the model, but for its implementation it becomes the most expensive, longest and least precise solution. Indeed, the founder must successively make as many impressions as there are blades, three or four in the majority. cases, by angularly shifting the model several times around the axis of the hub.
  • the raw foundry propeller is then carefully deburred, but it cannot be used at this stage. Except for the machining of the hub, the blades must be ground over their entire surface, this on both sides. This operation is done manually by qualified personnel, in very difficult working conditions. Depending on the class of the propeller (defined by AFNOR and ISO standards), a pitch adjustment operation is made by more or less tight notching, before grinding. The propeller is finally balanced statically, and dynamically if necessary.
  • the one-piece design also has drawbacks in the event of deterioration such as fractures or deformations of blades due to impacts on rocks, piles of bridges, in locks, on floating tree trunks, etc ..., this kind of damage being frequent in river navigation. In such eventualities, the propeller must be repaired or completely rebuilt; repairs are costly and immobilize the boat.
  • the present invention aims to eliminate all of the above drawbacks, by providing a new structure for propellers or the like, providing a simplification of manufacturing operations and a significant reduction in cost prices, allowing a real adjustment of the pitch at manufacture and also later, and also greatly reducing repair costs and times.
  • the subject of the invention is a propeller or the like with attached blades, comprising on the one hand a propeller hub at the periphery of which are housed, and on the other hand blades initially separated from the hub, each blade having a base provided with a part of complementary shape to one of the housings of the hub able to be inserted into one of these housings, fixing means being provided to make a connection between each blade and the hub, immobilizing the blades in the desired positions.
  • the housings of the propeller hub as well as the complementary parts formed under the bases of the blades have a generally cylindrical shape, which makes it possible to orient each blade to place it in the desired angular position, therefore to adjust the no propeller.
  • a first annular groove of semi-circular section is hollowed out in the cylindrical side wall of each housing of the hub, and a second annular groove of semi-circular section is hollowed out around the complementary part of this housing formed under the base of the corresponding blade, the two grooves being placed in coincidence during the introduction of said part in the housing, so as to form a toric cavity, and the fixing means for the connection between each blade and the hub comprising balls introduced into the toric cavity.
  • the balls lining the entire cavity and arranged in the manner of the balls with a bearing without cage, allow before blocking to adjust the pitch of the propeller or to modify it, by rotating each blade around the axis of the housing corresponding cylindrical hub.
  • the hub advantageously comprises, for each cylindrical housing, at least one hole starting from the outer surface of the hub and opening into the annular groove of the housing, the or each hole allowing the introduction of the balls into the toric cavity and then receiving means for blocking acting on the balls so as to press them against the walls of the toric cavity. More particularly, it may be a tapped hole receiving an additional ball as well as a locking screw which, when tightened, acts on the balls housed in the toric cavity by means of the additional ball.
  • the additional ball which is supported between two balls of the toric cavity, then behaves like a wedge which pushes the other balls against each other, forcing them to be placed in staggered rows and thus blocking them against the walls of the cavity toric. This operates a total blocking of the blades on the hub by wedging, canceling all the games, and it also frees itself from all vibration problems.
  • the or each aforementioned hole of the hub is a tapped hole receiving a locking screw with conical tip which, when tightened, acts directly on the balls housed in the toric cavity.
  • a second hole can be drilled between the outer surface of the hub and the annular groove of each cylindrical housing, to facilitate the evacuation of the balls from the toric cavity by the action of a fluid or by mechanical action, means being provided to normally close this hole.
  • an internally threaded plug serving as a screw brake, is preferably screwed onto the or each ball locking screw and tightened against the outer surface of the hub, this plug behaving like a lock nut which prevents any accidental loosening of the locking screw.
  • Sealing means in particular produced in the form of annular seals, are finally provided to prevent the entry of water into the fastening device of each blade, this in particular between the base of the blade and the outlet to the outside the corresponding housing of the hub, as well as at the level of the plugs blocking the inputs of the various holes of the hub.
  • the propeller structure proposed by the invention reduces the times and costs of manufacturing the propellers, removes the currently most painful machining operations, and allows quality achievements, as regards dimensional precision, all by employing a less qualified workforce.
  • the invention makes it possible to adjust the pitch of the propeller, and this in an identical manner on all the points of each blade, the pitch thus being made truly adjustable. Adjustment of the propeller pitch can thus be done during manufacture, and also throughout the life of the propeller, which makes possi pitch corrections aimed at adapting the propeller to a combustion engine whose characteristics can change over time.
  • the adjustment or adaptation of the pitch is very simple, since it suffices to loosen the locking screws to temporarily restore the blades' freedom of movement in rotation.
  • the proposed design does not modify the external configuration of the propeller, so that the factors or parameters which are taken into account in determining the propeller are not affected by this design, that a propeller according to the invention can be easily mounted to replace a conventional propeller, and that on the aesthetic level also the appearance of the propeller is not modified at all.
  • the drawing represents a fixed boat propeller with three blades (1), mounted at regular angular intervals of 120 ° on a hub (2), the blades (1) being parts produced separately and attached to the hub (2) as shown.
  • 'clearly shows Figure 1.
  • the hub (2) is provided with a passage (3) hollowed out along its axis (4) for mounting on a propeller shaft not shown.
  • a passage (3) hollowed out along its axis (4) for mounting on a propeller shaft not shown.
  • housings (5) of generally cylindrical shape; an annular groove (6), of semi-circular section, is machined in the cylindrical side wall of each housing (5).
  • Each blade (1) has a base (7), under which protrudes a head (8) of generally cylindrical shape, and of diameter corresponding to that of a housing (5).
  • An annular groove (9), of semi-circular section, is hollowed out at the periphery of the head (8).
  • each blade (1) on the hub (2) is carried out by introducing the head (8) into one of the housings (5), until the base (7) of the blade (1) comes to rest against the periphery of the hub (2).
  • the annular groove (9) of the head (8) is thus placed in coincidence with the annular groove (6) of the housing (5), so that the two grooves (6,9) together form a perfect toric cavity, as shown in Figure 3.
  • connection between the blade (1) and the hub (2) is ensured by balls (10) introduced into the toric cavity formed by the two grooves (6,9), so as to fill this entire cavity, the balls (10 ) being contiguous.
  • balls (10) are introduced into the toroidal cavity through a threaded hole (11) in the hub (2), parallel to the axis (4) which starts from an end face (12) of the hub (2) and opens into the throat (6).
  • the only balls (10) housed in the toric cavity leave the blade (1) the possibility of pivoting relative to the hub (2), in the manner of a ball bearing, which makes it possible to adjust the pitch of the 'propeller, or modify it.
  • an additional ball (13) is introduced into the tapped hole (11), and a locking screw (14) is tightened in this tapped hole (11) .
  • the thrust (P) of the screw (14) on the additional ball (13) causes the additional ball (13) to press between two balls (10) housed in the toric cavity.
  • the additional ball (13) behaves like a wedge which pushes the balls (10) against each other, forces them to stagger and presses them alternately on the inner and outer surfaces of the toric cavity, that is ie on the bottoms of the two grooves (6,9), which ensures total blockage by wedging.
  • the additional ball (13) may have a larger diameter than that of the other balls (10), the threaded hole (11) being obviously dimensioned accordingly.
  • an internally threaded plug (15) is screwed onto the end of the screw (14) and pressed against the outer surface (12) of the hub ( 2), to brake the screw (14) by acting as a lock nut.
  • a hole (16) is further drilled starting from the other end face (17) of the hub (2) and also opening into the toric cavity, at the bottom of the groove (6). .
  • the hole (16) facilitates the evacuation of the balls (10) by blowing compressed air, or by admitting a liquid, or by introducing a rod.
  • a screw cap (18) normally closes the entrance to the hole (16).
  • two pins (19) are provided. Holes (20) are drilled in the base (7) of the blade (1), then counter-drilled in the hub (2) after adjusting the pitch, to receive the two pins (19) which, once put in place, rotate the blade (1) and the hub (2) - see figure 3.
  • annular seal (21) is provided mounted between the base (7) of the blade (1) and the hub (2), as well as two seals (22,23) placed respectively at the inputs of the two holes (11), 16), in association with the plugs (15,18).
  • FIG. 6 shows a variant, making it possible to obtain stronger blocking of the balls, over the entire circumference.
  • two diametrically opposite tapped holes 11 are provided, each receiving blocking means acting directly on the balls.
  • These locking means can be constituted by two additional balls (13), on which the pressure of two respective locking screws (14) is exerted.
  • each tapped hole (11) receives a locking screw (14) terminated by a frustoconical end piece (24) and acting directly on the balls, during its tightening.
  • the wedging effect can be further reinforced by providing that the balls introduced into the toric cavity include balls (10 ') of larger diameter and balls (10 ") of smaller diameter, the balls (10') more large diameter alternating with balls (10 ") of smaller diameter.
  • the invention is not limited to the sole embodiments of this propeller with attached blades which has been described above, by way of example; on the contrary, it embraces all of the variant embodiments and applications respecting the same principle.
  • the invention is in no way limited to fixed propellers with three blades, and it also applies to the production of variable pitch propellers, simply by eliminating or not using the locking system of each blade relative to the hub.
  • the particular means for blocking the blades, described above in detail, can be replaced by any equivalent allowing the same essential advantages to be preserved.
  • the design described can also be transposed to all rotating devices with blades, such as: turbine impellers, wind turbine rotors, rotary agitators with blades for liquids, mixer and mixer rotors, etc., which have a similar structure with a hub and blades, whether motor or receiver devices.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
  • Snaps, Bayonet Connections, Set Pins, And Snap Rings (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
EP86420161A 1985-06-26 1986-06-24 Propeller oder ähnliches mit eingesetzten Schraubenflügeln Expired - Lifetime EP0207867B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86420161T ATE61302T1 (de) 1985-06-26 1986-06-24 Propeller oder aehnliches mit eingesetzten schraubenfluegeln.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8510367A FR2584144B1 (fr) 1985-06-26 1985-06-26 Helice ou similaire a pales rapportees
FR8510367 1985-06-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0207867A1 true EP0207867A1 (de) 1987-01-07
EP0207867B1 EP0207867B1 (de) 1991-03-06

Family

ID=9321032

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86420161A Expired - Lifetime EP0207867B1 (de) 1985-06-26 1986-06-24 Propeller oder ähnliches mit eingesetzten Schraubenflügeln

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4692097A (de)
EP (1) EP0207867B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE61302T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3677837D1 (de)
DK (1) DK289386A (de)
ES (1) ES8706904A1 (de)
FI (1) FI862633A (de)
FR (1) FR2584144B1 (de)
NO (1) NO162373C (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0593907A1 (de) * 1992-10-20 1994-04-27 SULZER HYDRO GmbH Vorrichtung zum Verändern der Winkelstellung von Flügeln eines Rotors einer Strömungsmaschine

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5445497A (en) * 1993-12-27 1995-08-29 Seemar; George H. Variable pitch propellers
US7214035B2 (en) * 2005-02-18 2007-05-08 Mario Bussières Rotor for a turbomachine
US20070134094A1 (en) * 2005-12-08 2007-06-14 Stephen Gregory Rotor apparatus and turbine system incorporating same
DK176321B1 (da) * 2005-12-28 2007-08-06 Lm Glasfiber As Planering af rodbösninger på vinger til vindenergianlæg
WO2007136367A1 (en) * 2006-05-18 2007-11-29 Hamilton Sundstrand Low friction ball separator for propeller blade ball bearings
US7736127B1 (en) * 2009-01-28 2010-06-15 Carr Fred K Rotor design for submersible electronic generator
US8100648B2 (en) * 2009-01-28 2012-01-24 Carr Fred K Submersible rotor design
US8167501B2 (en) * 2009-02-02 2012-05-01 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Separator for bearing assemblies with cyclic loads
US20120269639A1 (en) * 2011-02-22 2012-10-25 Suzuki Motor Corporation Propeller for outboard motor
US11148248B2 (en) * 2018-04-19 2021-10-19 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Smoothing round internal passages of additively manufactured parts using metallic spheres

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE390294A (de) *
GB171057A (en) * 1921-01-12 1921-11-10 James Stephens Improvements in screw propellers
US3294176A (en) * 1966-04-11 1966-12-27 Reimers Fritz Changeable-pitch propeller

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3123145A (en) * 1964-03-03 Propeller with selectively variable pitch
US945663A (en) * 1909-05-07 1910-01-04 Simon Yeager Propeller.
US1808888A (en) * 1929-12-28 1931-06-09 Fahlin Ole Propeller
GB367265A (en) * 1930-07-30 1932-02-18 Sulzer Ag Improvements in or relating to the rotors of axial flow pumps and the like
US1875606A (en) * 1930-11-07 1932-09-06 Bendix Res Corp Propeller
US2315574A (en) * 1940-03-09 1943-04-06 United Aircraft Corp Propeller blade mounting
US2307490A (en) * 1940-07-19 1943-01-05 Jeffrey Mfg Co Ventilator
US2652123A (en) * 1949-11-22 1953-09-15 United Aircraft Corp Blade retention means with increased stiffness
US3255827A (en) * 1964-10-30 1966-06-14 Harry J Nichols Universal adjustable pitch marine propellers
US3357496A (en) * 1966-07-28 1967-12-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Adjustable pitch axial flow fan blades
US3490537A (en) * 1967-04-17 1970-01-20 United Aircraft Corp Quick disconnect retention
GB1250485A (de) * 1968-04-29 1971-10-20

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE390294A (de) *
GB171057A (en) * 1921-01-12 1921-11-10 James Stephens Improvements in screw propellers
US3294176A (en) * 1966-04-11 1966-12-27 Reimers Fritz Changeable-pitch propeller

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0593907A1 (de) * 1992-10-20 1994-04-27 SULZER HYDRO GmbH Vorrichtung zum Verändern der Winkelstellung von Flügeln eines Rotors einer Strömungsmaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI862633A0 (fi) 1986-06-19
EP0207867B1 (de) 1991-03-06
FI862633A (fi) 1986-12-27
NO162373B (no) 1989-09-11
ES556269A0 (es) 1987-07-01
NO862563L (no) 1986-12-29
DE3677837D1 (de) 1991-04-11
FR2584144A1 (fr) 1987-01-02
DK289386D0 (da) 1986-06-19
DK289386A (da) 1986-12-27
FR2584144B1 (fr) 1988-01-08
ES8706904A1 (es) 1987-07-01
US4692097A (en) 1987-09-08
ATE61302T1 (de) 1991-03-15
NO162373C (no) 1991-02-22
NO862563D0 (no) 1986-06-25

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