EP0202605B1 - Press for compacting waste materials - Google Patents
Press for compacting waste materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0202605B1 EP0202605B1 EP86106615A EP86106615A EP0202605B1 EP 0202605 B1 EP0202605 B1 EP 0202605B1 EP 86106615 A EP86106615 A EP 86106615A EP 86106615 A EP86106615 A EP 86106615A EP 0202605 B1 EP0202605 B1 EP 0202605B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- operating cylinder
- compacting chamber
- press
- compacting
- piston
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/32—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/34—Disposal of solid waste
- G21F9/36—Disposal of solid waste by packaging; by baling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a press for compacting waste disposed in particular in drums, and comprising a cylindrical compacting chamber and an operating cylinder closed at its upper end, the operating cylinder being equipped with a piston integral with a plugger capable of entering the compacting chamber, hydraulic pressurizing means being provided to act against one and the other of two opposite faces of said piston.
- nuclear waste such as paper, cotton, plastic bags from laboratories, hospitals, research centers, are placed in drums and then compressed by a press. It is then possible to place a number of these drums thus compressed in a container which is then coated with concrete and immersed.
- An object of the invention is to produce a press specially adapted for compacting nuclear waste in barrels, ensuring in particular by itself sufficient nuclear confinement so that the press can be placed in an ordinary room.
- the invention thus relates to a press for compacting waste disposed in particular in drums, and comprising a cylindrical compacting chamber and an operating cylinder closed at its upper end, said operating cylinder being equipped with a piston integral with '' a gland suitable for entering said compaction chamber, hydraulic pressurization means being provided to act against one and the other of two opposite faces of said piston, characterized in that the maneuvering cylinder comprises means for vertical sliding above said compacting chamber, the lower end of the operating cylinder being open and resting in a sealed and locked manner, in its low position, on the upper end of said compacting chamber, said compacting being closed at its lower end, by a plate provided with means allowing its vertical sliding in said compacting chamber, sealing means ensuring in the lower position of said tray the tightness of said compaction chamber.
- said tray comprises a duct connected to a suction device.
- the side wall of said compacting chamber also comprises a duct connected to a suction device.
- the piston is connected to the gland by a tubular portion, closed at its lower end and opening at the upper end of the piston, a tube, fixed to the upper end of the operating cylinder sliding in said tubular portion , said tube being able to be put under hydraulic pressure.
- the press shown in the figure comprises a block constituting a base and a compaction chamber 1.
- the bottom of the compaction chamber is closed by a plate 2 placed at the end of the rod 3 of a jack.
- This movable plate 2 is used, as will be seen below, for the evacuation of the compressed products. It includes a seal 2A intended to ensure containment during the compacting operation.
- the press further comprises an operating cylinder 5, provided with ears 6, which can be moved vertically above the compacting chamber.
- the movement of the operating cylinder is ensured by jacks such as 10 resting on the base and on a yoke secured to the ear of the cylinder.
- the operating cylinder has an upper bottom 5A pierced with a central orifice 5B.
- the lower part of the operating cylinder 5 can come to bear on the upper surface of the compaction chamber 1.
- a seal 11 ensures the sealing of the contact.
- the support position of the operating cylinder 5 on the compacting chamber 1 can be locked by any means, for example by means of claws 13 (or of a collar) put in place by a ring 14 with a conical interior operated by cylinders such as 15.
- the compacting chamber 1, the operating cylinder 5 and the plate 2 are made of a material and with a thickness suitable for ensuring radioactive confinement of the product to be compacted.
- the operating cylinder 5 comprises inside its piston 16 extended by a tubular portion 16A closed by a bottom 16B to which a gland 17 is fixed.
- the piston 16 is double-acting, the volume of the operating cylinder 5 comprising two chambers 18 and 19 can each be put under hydraulic pressure.
- the tubular portion 16A serves as a guide for a tube 20 integral with the upper bottom 5A of the operating cylinder 5.
- the reference 21 designates the chamber located below the tube 20 and closed by the end 16B of the tubular portion 16A.
- the references 25 and 26 designate conduits arranged respectively in the side wall of the compacting chamber 1 and in the plate 2 serving as its bottom, intended to be connected to bodies for collecting any gases, aerosols and effluents released during the compacting operation.
- aerosol suction group and have not been represented.
- the jacks 10 are extended, the operating cylinder 5 is in the high position and the piston 16 in the high position in the operating cylinder 5.
- the cylinders 15 are retracted, so that the locking claws are separated.
- the jack 4 is retracted, so that the plate 2 is supported on a base.
- the product to be compacted for example a barrel 22, is introduced into the compacting chamber 1 through its upper end.
- the compacting operation then continues with the following operations.
- the actuators 10 are actuated, producing the descent of the operating cylinder 5 which comes to bear on the top of the compacting chamber.
- the jacks 15 are actuated, causing the ring 14 to descend, and consequently the movement of the claws 13 which lock the assembly of the compaction chamber and the operating cylinder. Containment is then ensured.
- the aerosol suction group is started.
- the chamber 21 is put under hydraulic pressure through the orifice 5B of the cylinder 5 and the tube 20.
- the piston 16 descends and causes a first compression of the barrel 22.
- the chamber 18 is put under hydraulic pressure.
- the section of the piston 16 being greater than that of the interior of the bottom 16A, this results in an increase in the compaction pressure.
- the plate 2 is raised to allow the extraction and removal of the compacted drum 22.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention est relative à une presse pour le compactage de déchets disposés notamment dans des fûts, et comprenant une chambre de compactage cylindrique et un cylindre de manoeuvre fermé à son extrémité supérieure, le cylindre de manoeuvre étant équipé d'un piston solidaire d'un fouloir apte à pénétrer dans la chambre de compactage, des moyens de mise en pression hydraulique étant prévus pour agir contre l'une et l'autre de deux faces opposées dudit piston.The present invention relates to a press for compacting waste disposed in particular in drums, and comprising a cylindrical compacting chamber and an operating cylinder closed at its upper end, the operating cylinder being equipped with a piston integral with a plugger capable of entering the compacting chamber, hydraulic pressurizing means being provided to act against one and the other of two opposite faces of said piston.
En particulier, il s'agit de déchets d'origine nucléaire. Actuellement, les déchets nucléaires tels que papiers, cotons, sacs en plastiques en provenance de laboratoires, d'hopitaux, de centres de recherche, sont placés dans des fûts puis comprimés par une presse. Il est ensuite possible de placer un certain nombre de ces fûts ainsi comprimés dans un récipient qui est ensuite enrobé de béton et immergé.In particular, it is nuclear waste. Currently, nuclear waste such as paper, cotton, plastic bags from laboratories, hospitals, research centers, are placed in drums and then compressed by a press. It is then possible to place a number of these drums thus compressed in a container which is then coated with concrete and immersed.
Le document EP-A 0 124 185 décrit une telle presse. Cependant, au cours de l'opération de compactage, des gaz et des aérosols radioactifs peuvent s'échapper et être dangereux. Il en résulte que la presse à compacter doit être placée par sécurité dans un local étanche aux radiations nucléaires. Le coût de l'installation est donc important.Document EP-A 0 124 185 describes such a press. However, during the compaction operation, radioactive gases and aerosols can escape and be dangerous. It follows that the compacting press must be placed for safety in a room sealed against nuclear radiation. The cost of installation is therefore significant.
Un but de l'invention est de réaliser une presse spécialement adaptée au compactage des déchets nucléaires en fûts, assurant notamment par elle-même un confinement nucléaire suffisant pour que la presse puisse être placée dans un local ordinaire.An object of the invention is to produce a press specially adapted for compacting nuclear waste in barrels, ensuring in particular by itself sufficient nuclear confinement so that the press can be placed in an ordinary room.
L'invention a ainsi pour objet une presse pour le compactage de déchets disposés notamment dans des fûts, et comprenant une chambre de compactage cylindrique et un cylindre de manoeuvre fermé à son extrémité supérieure, ledit cylindre de manoeuvre étant équipé d'un piston solidaire d'un fouloir apte à pénétrer dans ladite chambre de compactage, des moyens de mise en pression hydraulique étant prévus pour agir contre l'une et l'autre de deux faces opposées dudit piston, caractérisée en ce que le cylindre de manoeuvre comporte des moyens de coulissement vertical au-dessus de ladite chambre de compactage, l'extrémité inférieure du cylindre de manoeuvre étant ouverte et reposant d'une manière étanche et verrouillée, dans sa position basse, sur l'extrémité supérieure de ladite chambre de compactage, ladite chambre de compactage étant fermée à son extrémité inférieure, par un plateau muni de moyen permettant son coulissement vertical dans ladite chambre de compactage, des moyens d'étanchéité assurant en position basse dudit plateau l'étanchéité de ladite chambre de compactage.The invention thus relates to a press for compacting waste disposed in particular in drums, and comprising a cylindrical compacting chamber and an operating cylinder closed at its upper end, said operating cylinder being equipped with a piston integral with '' a gland suitable for entering said compaction chamber, hydraulic pressurization means being provided to act against one and the other of two opposite faces of said piston, characterized in that the maneuvering cylinder comprises means for vertical sliding above said compacting chamber, the lower end of the operating cylinder being open and resting in a sealed and locked manner, in its low position, on the upper end of said compacting chamber, said compacting being closed at its lower end, by a plate provided with means allowing its vertical sliding in said compacting chamber, sealing means ensuring in the lower position of said tray the tightness of said compaction chamber.
Selon une autre caractéristique préférée, ledit plateau comprend un conduit relié à un dispositif d'aspiration.According to another preferred characteristic, said tray comprises a duct connected to a suction device.
Avantageusement, la paroi latérale de ladite chambre de compactage comprend également un conduit relié à un dispositif d'aspiration.Advantageously, the side wall of said compacting chamber also comprises a duct connected to a suction device.
Selon une autre caractéristique préférée, le piston est relié au fouloir par une portion tubulaire, fermée à son extrémité inférieure et débouchant à l'extrémité supérieure du piston, un tube, fixé à l'extrémité supérieure du cylindre de manoeuvre coulissant dans ladite portion tubulaire, ledit tube pouvant être mis sous pression hydraulique.According to another preferred characteristic, the piston is connected to the gland by a tubular portion, closed at its lower end and opening at the upper end of the piston, a tube, fixed to the upper end of the operating cylinder sliding in said tubular portion , said tube being able to be put under hydraulic pressure.
L'invention sera bien comprise par la description ci-après d'un mode préféré de réalisation de l'invention, en référence au dessin annexé dans lequel la figure unique est une vue en élévation partiellement coupée d'une presse selon l'invention.The invention will be better understood from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing in which the single figure is a partially cut elevation view of a press according to the invention.
La presse représentée sur la figure comporte un bloc constituant une embase et une chambre de compactage 1. Le fond de la chambre de compactage est fermée par un plateau 2 placé à l'extrémité de la tige 3 d'un vérin.The press shown in the figure comprises a block constituting a base and a
Ce plateau 2, déplaçable, est utilisé, comme on le verra plus loin, pour l'évacuation des produits comprimés. Il comprend un joint 2A destiné à assurer le confinement lors de l'opération de compactage.This movable plate 2 is used, as will be seen below, for the evacuation of the compressed products. It includes a
La presse comprend en outre un cylindre de manoeuvre 5, muni d'oreilles 6, qui peut être déplacé verticalement au-dessus de la chambre de compactage. Des colonnes 7, en appui sur l'embase de la chambre de compactage 1, reçoivent des douilles 8 montées dans les oreilles 6 supports du cylindre de manoeuvre 5.The press further comprises an operating cylinder 5, provided with
Le mouvement du cylindre de manoeuvre est assuré par des vérins tels que 10 prenant appui sur l'embase et sur une chape solidaire de l'oreille du cylindre.The movement of the operating cylinder is ensured by jacks such as 10 resting on the base and on a yoke secured to the ear of the cylinder.
Le cylindre de manoeuvre possède un fond supérieur 5A percé d'un orifice central 5B.The operating cylinder has an upper bottom 5A pierced with a central orifice 5B.
La partie inférieure du cylindre de manoeuvre 5 peut venir en appui sur la surface supérieure de la chambre de compactage 1. Un joint 11 assure l'étanchéité du contact.The lower part of the operating cylinder 5 can come to bear on the upper surface of the
La position d'appui du cylindre de manoeuvre 5 sur la chambre de compactage 1 peut être verrouillée par tout moyen, par exemple au moyen de griffes 13 (ou d'un collier) mises en place par une bague 14 à intérieur conique manoeuvrée par des vérins tels que 15.The support position of the operating cylinder 5 on the compacting
La chambre de compactage 1, le cylindre de manoeuvre 5 et le plateau 2 sont réalisés en un matériau et avec une épaisseur appropriés pour assurer un confinement radioactif du produit à compacter.The compacting
Le cylindre de manoeuvre 5 comprend en son intérieur un piston 16 prolongé par une portion tubulaire 16A fermée par un fond 16B auquel est fixé un fouloir 17. Le piston 16 est à double effet, le volume du cylindre de manoeuvre 5 comprenant deux chambres 18 et 19 pouvant être mises chacune en pression hydraulique.The operating cylinder 5 comprises inside its
La portion tubulaire 16A sert de guide à un tube 20 solidaire du fond supérieur 5A du cylindre de manoeuvre 5.The tubular portion 16A serves as a guide for a
La référence 21 désigne la chambre située au-dessous du tube 20 et fermée par l'extrémité 16B de la portion tubulaire 16A.The
Les références 25 et 26 désignent des conduits aménagés respectivement dans la paroi latérale de la chambre de compactage 1 et dans le plateau 2 lui servant de fond, destinés à être reliés à des organes de recueil des éventuels gaz, aérosols et effluents dégagés au cours de l'opération de compactage.The
Ces organes sont désignés: groupe d'aspiration des aérosols, et n'on pas été représentés.These bodies are designated: aerosol suction group, and have not been represented.
Le fonctionnement de la presse est le suivant.The operation of the press is as follows.
Au cours de l'opération, les vérins 10 sont étendus, le cylindre de manoeuvre 5 est en position haute et le piston 16 en position haute dans le cylindre de manoeuvre 5.During the operation, the
Les vérins 15 sont rétractés, de sorte que les griffes de verrouillage sont écartées.The
Le vérin 4 est rétracté, de sorte que le plateau 2 est en appui sur une embase.The
On introduit le produit à compacter, par exemple un fût 22, à l'intérieur de la chambre de compactage 1, par son extrémité supérieure.The product to be compacted, for example a
L'opération de compactage se poursuit alors par les opérations suivantes.The compacting operation then continues with the following operations.
On actionne les vérins 10, produisant la descente du cylindre de manoeuvre 5 qui vient en appui sur le sommet de la chambre de compactage.The
On actionne les vérins 15 provoquant la descente de la bague 14 et par suite le mouvement des griffes 13 qui viennent verrouiller l'ensemble chambre de compactage-cylindre de manoeuvre. Le confinement est alors assuré.The
On met en route le groupe d'aspiration des aérosols.The aerosol suction group is started.
La chambre 21 est mise en pression hydraulique à travers l'orifice 5B du cylindre 5 et le tube 20.The
Le piston 16 descend et provoque une première compression du fût 22.The
Simultanément, on met en pression hydraulique la chambre 18.Simultaneously, the chamber 18 is put under hydraulic pressure.
La section du piston 16 étant supérieure à celle de l'intérieur du fond 16A, il en résulte un accroissement de la pression de compactage.The section of the
Le fût 22 étant comprimé au maximum, (partie gauche de la figure), on arrête le groupe d'aspiration, on remonte le piston 16 par mise en pression hydraulique de la chambre 19, on déverrouille l'ensemble par remontée des vérins 15 et on remonte le cylindre de manoeuvre 5 par action des vérins 10.The
Par action du vérin 4, on remonte le plateau 2 pour permettre l'extraction et le retrait du fût 22 compacté.By action of the
Grâce aux dispositions particulières de la presse qui vient d'être décrite, le confinement radioactif est assuré pendant l'opération de compactage. En outre la presse est de dimensions faibles.Thanks to the special provisions of the press which has just been described, radioactive confinement is ensured during the compacting operation. In addition, the press is of small dimensions.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT86106615T ATE43290T1 (en) | 1985-05-21 | 1986-05-15 | PRESS FOR COMPACTION OF WASTE MATERIALS. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8507634 | 1985-05-21 | ||
FR8507634A FR2582257B1 (en) | 1985-05-21 | 1985-05-21 | DEVICE FOR COMPACTING WASTE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0202605A1 EP0202605A1 (en) | 1986-11-26 |
EP0202605B1 true EP0202605B1 (en) | 1989-05-24 |
Family
ID=9319440
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86106615A Expired EP0202605B1 (en) | 1985-05-21 | 1986-05-15 | Press for compacting waste materials |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0202605B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE43290T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3663475D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2582257B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1238836B (en) * | 1990-03-05 | 1993-09-03 | Roberto Cappellari | PROCEDURE FOR THE COMPACTION OF URBAN, INDUSTRIAL OR SIMILAR WASTE MATERIALS AND PLANT FOR IMPLEMENTING THE PROCEDURE |
US5460085A (en) * | 1990-03-05 | 1995-10-24 | Roberto Cappellari | Process for compacting waste materials |
WO1997013254A1 (en) * | 1995-10-04 | 1997-04-10 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | Compacter for compacting containers containing hazardous waste |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB924827A (en) * | 1961-06-30 | 1963-05-01 | Us Rubber Co | Process and means for baling particulate material |
DE2243136C3 (en) * | 1972-09-01 | 1980-03-27 | Nukem Gmbh, 6450 Hanau | Process and device for packaging solid radioactive or toxic waste |
NL8301541A (en) * | 1983-05-02 | 1984-12-03 | Fontijne Bv Machine | HYDRAULIC PRESS FOR COMPACTING DRUMS WITH RADIO-ACTIVE WASTE. |
-
1985
- 1985-05-21 FR FR8507634A patent/FR2582257B1/en not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-05-15 EP EP86106615A patent/EP0202605B1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-05-15 AT AT86106615T patent/ATE43290T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-05-15 DE DE8686106615T patent/DE3663475D1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE43290T1 (en) | 1989-06-15 |
EP0202605A1 (en) | 1986-11-26 |
DE3663475D1 (en) | 1989-06-29 |
FR2582257A1 (en) | 1986-11-28 |
FR2582257B1 (en) | 1987-06-19 |
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