EP0200008B1 - Locked and sealed manhole cover - Google Patents

Locked and sealed manhole cover Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0200008B1
EP0200008B1 EP86104384A EP86104384A EP0200008B1 EP 0200008 B1 EP0200008 B1 EP 0200008B1 EP 86104384 A EP86104384 A EP 86104384A EP 86104384 A EP86104384 A EP 86104384A EP 0200008 B1 EP0200008 B1 EP 0200008B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
cover
flange
pad
interposed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86104384A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0200008A1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Vigneron
Jean-Claude Hauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pont a Mousson SA
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Pont a Mousson SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pont a Mousson SA filed Critical Pont a Mousson SA
Priority to AT86104384T priority Critical patent/ATE41186T1/en
Publication of EP0200008A1 publication Critical patent/EP0200008A1/en
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Publication of EP0200008B1 publication Critical patent/EP0200008B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • E02D29/149Annular gaskets
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • E02D29/1427Locking devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a manhole cover with corrugated and watertight buffer allowing access to the various underground networks, in particular to the underground urban sanitation networks.
  • a manhole cover of generally circular shape, sealed sealed comprising a cover, or buffer, held in a frame by a latch bearing on the underside of the frame and connected to a threaded rod passing right through the pad, a seal being interposed between the frame and the pad; in this device, the threaded rod ensuring the application of the latch on the underside of the frame is located at a distance from the center of the pad less than the radius of the seal interposed between the frame and the pad.
  • the pad is locked on its frame by direct metal-to-metal contact between the frame and the pad.
  • perfect contact over the entire periphery of the pad, between the frame and the pad, is very difficult to achieve.
  • movements of the buffer with respect to the frame which, on the one hand, are such as to create unacceptable noises during the passage of a vehicle over the gaze and, on the other hand, cause shearing. of the packing.
  • a manhole cover with a sealed and sealed buffer comprising a buffer and a frame suitable for receiving a buffer and having a support sole, a seal interposed between the frame and the pad, and means for locking the pad on the frame comprising a flange secured to the frame by means of removable fixing means.
  • a closure device comprising a pad held in a frame by a locking ring applied to the upper face of the pad and which has bearing surfaces facing corresponding surfaces of the frame, able to cooperate with said surfaces of the frame to apply the pad to the frame when said locking ring is rotated, a seal being interposed between the frame and the pad.
  • the locking of the pad being simply obtained by a rotation of the locking ring and maintained by friction of the metal parts between them, the repeated passage of vehicles can cause, by the vibrations generated, a reverse rotation of the locking ring , which causes the buffer to be unlocked.
  • the coefficient of friction between two metal parts is such that the forces generated by this friction, and opposing the rotation of the locking ring, are negligible compared to the forces generated by the passage of a rolling load on the look.
  • the invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a sealed locking device for a buffer on its frame, at the same time ensuring the watertightness of the manhole, and absolutely prohibiting any vertical upward or downward movement of the stamp in its frame following the passage of vehicles.
  • the manhole cover with a sealed and sealed buffer comprising a buffer, a frame suitable for receiving this buffer and having a support sole, a sealing gasket interposed between the frame and the buffer, and locking means of the pad on this frame is characterized in that the means for locking the pad on this frame comprise a plurality of flanges regularly distributed around the periphery of the frame, integral with the latter by means of removable fixing means, each flange comprising an external part oriented towards the outside of the frame, and bearing on an upper surface of the frame, and an internal part, oriented towards the inside of the frame, cooperating with an upper surface of the pad, in that the removable fixing means are located at a distance from the center of the pad greater than the radius of the seal and in that the seal is interposed between a lower bearing surface of the buffer and an upper support surface of the frame.
  • a compressible sealing gasket and an incompressible soundproofing gasket are interposed between the frame and the pad.
  • the manhole cover comprises a pad 2, a frame 1 suitable for receiving this pad 2, a gasket G1, an elastomer toroid having a hardness of between 45 ° and 60 ° SHORE A interposed between the frame 1 and the pad 2, a sound-absorbing lining G2, of hardness between 41 ° and 46 G SHORE D
  • this lining G2 can be of a known type as described in patent FR-2 153 823, and a plurality of flanges 4 integral with the frame 1 by means of removable fixing means, generally designated by the reference F.
  • the manhole is of circular shape, but it could be, for example, triangular or rectangular.
  • the frame 1 comprises a skirt 9, continuous, extending vertically from a horizontal support flange 8 by which the frame 1 is supported on the top of the chimney, not shown, constituting the look of visit.
  • the latter is provided with an internal radial flange 11, having an upper part 17 slightly inclined relative to the horizontal, extended externally by a peripheral groove 18.
  • This radial flange internal 11 has internally a frustoconical surface 19 of vertical axis.
  • the internal radial flange 11 is connected, by a leave 14, in an external radial extension of the peripheral groove 18 of the upper face of the flange 11, to the skirt 9.
  • This leave 14 serves as a seat for the O-ring seal G1 .
  • the support sole 8 of the frame 1 has, regularly distributed around its periphery, support reliefs 81, made integrally with the sole 8, raised relative to this support sole 8.
  • These reliefs 81 have a upper support surface 82, which can be slightly inclined relative to the frustoconical horizontal with a vertical axis, the internal limit of this support surface 82 being at a lower height than the external limit of this said face.
  • these reliefs 81 are six in number.
  • These reliefs 81 are at a height, relative to the support sole 8, greater than the height of the face 17 of the flange 11, but less than the height of the skirt 9.
  • the skirt 9, at the reliefs 81 defines, with the bearing surfaces 82, housings 6.
  • Each flange 4 consists of an internal part 10 directed towards the inside of the frame 1, and of an external part 15 directed towards the outside of the frame 1.
  • each flange 4 is pierced with a hole for the passage of a bolt 3 ensuring the fixing of the flange 4 on the frame 1.
  • the bolt 3 is screwed into the thread 16.
  • a locking washer 5 is interposed between the head of the bolt 3 and the upper surface of the flange 4.
  • the bolts 3 and the locking washers 5 then constitute the fixing means designated by the reference F.
  • Each external part 15 of a flange 4 is intended to bear on the bearing surface 82 of a relief 81, inside the housing 6, the flanges 4 being the same number as the housing 6.
  • the pad 2 has, on its periphery, on its upper face, a bearing surface 7 (or shoulder 7) of the internal part 10 of the flange 14, which can be slightly inclined relative to the horizontal, frustoconical, vertical axis, the external limit of this shoulder 7 being at a lower height than the internal limit of this shoulder 7.
  • This shoulder 7 (or support surface 7) is connected to another support surface 12, of the pad 2, below the shoulder 7, by a frustoconical surface 13, of vertical axis, the internal limit of this surface 13 being less high than the external limit of this said surface.
  • the packing, G1 can be, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, an O-ring seal made of elastomer with a hardness of between 45 ° and 60 ° SHORE A. It rests on the fillet 14 of the flange 11 of the frame 1.
  • the G2 sound-absorbing lining interposed between the frame and the pad, is made of a compression-resistant material that can result from the passage of a vehicle over the manhole. It can, for example, be made of polyethylene, with a hardness between 41 ° and 46 ° SHORE D.
  • This packing G2 a as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, an inverted G-shaped profile.
  • This sound-absorbing lining G2 envelops the internal radial flange 11. It consists of a body 20 of external profile corresponding to the profile of the frustoconical face 19 of the frame 1, connected to two horizontal lips whose upper lip 21 has an internal profile corresponding to the profile of the face 17 of the collar 11. This upper lip 21 is terminated by a bead for attaching a profile conjugate with that of the groove 18 of the collar 11.
  • Buffer 2 rests on this lining soundproofing G2 by the annular bearing surface 12, disposed below the bearing surface 7 or shoulder, in contact with the upper face of the lip 21 of the gasket G2.
  • the diameter of the bolt 3 through hole in the flange 4 is greater than the diameter of the bolt 3, and in proportions allowing the tolerances due to the manufacturing by molding of the parts, such as the pad, to be made up 2, the frame 1 and the flanges 4, which allows the flange 4 to have a slight angular deviation relative to the perpendicular axis of the bolt 3.
  • the O-ring seal G1 is only subjected to compression, between the face 13 of the pad and the fillet 14 of the frame, resulting from the contacting of the face 12 of the pad with the lip 21 of the incompressible soundproofing lining G2 by means of the clamping of the flanges 4.
  • the compression ratio of the G1 lining is therefore a function of the molding tolerances of the castings, and this is why the G1 lining is made of an elastomer with a hardness between 45 ° and 60 ° SHORE A to allow easy compression. of this lining G1 even in the case of extreme dimensional gaps which would reduce the volume located between the fillet 14 and the surface 13 once the surface 12 of the pad 2 is in contact with the lip 21 of the incompressible lining G2.
  • the lining G1 is not subjected to any increase in its compression, so it does not risk deteriorating prematurely.
  • a watertight locked manhole has been produced according to the model of the invention in which the gasket G1 has been removed and the soundproofing G2 has been replaced by a seal G3 which can be, as illustrated in Fig. 3 with the same profile as the sound absorbing lining G2 but made of a compressible material of medium hardness, for example an elastomer of hardness 60 ° SHORE A.
  • each flange 4 once the fastening means F in place, is supported on, the bearing surface 82 of the frame 1 by its external part 15, and the bearing surface 7 of the pad by its internal part 10 Thanks to this double support, on either side of the axis along which the fixing means F act, it is possible to act on the fixing means F with dynamometric control means, such as a wrench. tightening of the bolts 3 with dynamometric tightening control, and thus obtaining a determined preload of the seal G3.
  • dynamometric control means such as a wrench.
  • the gasket G3 therefore serves both to ensure the watertightness of the manhole with runoff water and the locking of the buffer, since the gasket being prestressed during assembly of the manhole, any subsequent movement of the buffer is made impossible.
  • the packing G3 of elastomer could be of another profile such as for example that described in patent FR-2 508 953, or of another profile, provided that this packing is compressible and interposed between a surface d 'lower support pad 2 and an upper support surface of the frame 1, the frame 1 and the pad 2 never being in direct metal-metal contact.
  • the manhole locking device therefore makes it possible to ensure effective locking of the buffer and to ensure good sealing against runoff between the frame 1 and the buffer 2 by using parts (frame 1 buffer 2 and flanges 4) rough casting, not requiring subsequent machining.

Abstract

A manhole for an urban sanitary system comprises a cover 2, a frame 1 for receiving the cover, a toric elastomeric sealing ring G1 interposed between the frame and the cover, and a soundproofing ring G2 on which the cover seats. The locking of the cover on the frame and the support of the cover on the rings G1and G2 are implemented by a plurality of flanges 4 recessed in the frame and bolted thereto.

Description

L'invention est relative à un regard de chaussée à tampon errouillé et étanche permettant l'accès aux différents réseaux outerrains, notamment aux réseaux souterrains d'assainissement urbain.The invention relates to a manhole cover with corrugated and watertight buffer allowing access to the various underground networks, in particular to the underground urban sanitation networks.

On sait qu'un tel regard de chaussée doit être étanche pour empêcher la pénétration des eaux de ruissellement à l'intérieur du réseau, de plus le tampon doit être solidement maintenu dans son cadre pour prévenir un déplacement dudit tampon lors du passage d'un véhicule.We know that such a manhole must be waterproof to prevent the penetration of runoff inside the network, moreover the buffer must be securely held in its frame to prevent displacement of said buffer during the passage of a vehicle.

Ces deux problèmes, étanchéité et maintien, sont particulièrement cruciaux dans des régions vallonnées ou montagneuses en raison de l'importance que peuvent prendre les quantités d'eau de ruissellement et de la grandeur des réactions mécaniques engendrées par des véhicules sur une chaussée montante ou descendante.These two problems, sealing and maintenance, are particularly crucial in hilly or mountainous regions because of the importance that the quantities of runoff can take and the magnitude of the mechanical reactions generated by vehicles on an uphill or downhill road. .

On connaît, par le brevet FR n° 1 426 805, un regard de chaussée, de forme générale circulaire, verrouillé étanche comportant un couvercle, ou tampon, maintenu dans un cadre par un loquet en appui sur la face inférieure du cadre et relié à une tige filetée traversant le tampon de part en part, une garniture d'étanchéité étant interposée entre le cadre et le tampon; dans ce dispositif, la tige filetée assurant l'application du loquet sur la face inférieure du cadre est située à une distance du centre du tampon inférieure au rayon de la garniture d'étanchéité interposée entre le cadre et le tampon.We know, from patent FR n ° 1 426 805, a manhole cover, of generally circular shape, sealed sealed comprising a cover, or buffer, held in a frame by a latch bearing on the underside of the frame and connected to a threaded rod passing right through the pad, a seal being interposed between the frame and the pad; in this device, the threaded rod ensuring the application of the latch on the underside of the frame is located at a distance from the center of the pad less than the radius of the seal interposed between the frame and the pad.

Ainsi, dans un tel dispositif, il se pose un problème d'étanchéité au niveau du passage de la tige filetée au travers du tampon, ce problème d'étanchéité ne pouvant pas être résolu par un joint torique, compte tenu des efforts encaissés par le tampon lors du passage des véhicules.Thus, in such a device, there is a sealing problem at the level of the passage of the threaded rod through the pad, this sealing problem being unable to be resolved by an O-ring, taking into account the forces collected by the buffer when passing vehicles.

De plus, le verrouillage du tampon sur son cadre est réalisé par un contact direct, métal contre métal, entre cadre et tampon. Mais, compte tenu des tolérances de fabrication en fonderie, un contact parfait, sur toute la périphérie du tampon, entre le cadre et le tampon, est très difficile à réaliser. Ainsi il en résulte de façon inévitable des mouvements du tampon par rapport au cadre qui, d'une part, sont de nature à créer des bruits inacceptables lors du passage d'un véhicle sur le regard et, d'autre part, entraînent des cisaillements de la garniture d'étanchéité.In addition, the pad is locked on its frame by direct metal-to-metal contact between the frame and the pad. However, given the foundry manufacturing tolerances, perfect contact, over the entire periphery of the pad, between the frame and the pad, is very difficult to achieve. Thus it inevitably results in movements of the buffer with respect to the frame which, on the one hand, are such as to create unacceptable noises during the passage of a vehicle over the gaze and, on the other hand, cause shearing. of the packing.

On connaît également, par le brevet FR-2 457 329, un regard de chaussée à tampon verrouillé et étanche comportant un tampon et un cadre propre à recevoir de tampon et présentant une semelle d'appui, une garniture d'étanchéité interposée entre le cadre et le tampon, et des moyens de verrouillage du tampon sur le cadre comportant une bride solidaire du cadre par l'intermédiaire de moyens de fixation démontables.Also known, from patent FR-2 457 329, is a manhole cover with a sealed and sealed buffer comprising a buffer and a frame suitable for receiving a buffer and having a support sole, a seal interposed between the frame and the pad, and means for locking the pad on the frame comprising a flange secured to the frame by means of removable fixing means.

On connaît également, par le brevet US-4 203 686, un dispositif d'obturation comportant un tampon maintenu dans un cadre par un anneau de verrouillage appliqué sur la face supérieure du tampon et qui présente des surfaces d'appui en regard de surfaces correspondantes du cadre, aptes à coopérer avec lesdites surfaces du cadre pour appliquer le tampon sur le cadre lorsque ledit anneau de verrouillage subit une rotation, une garniture d'étanchéité étant interposée entre le cadre et le tampon.Also known, from US Pat. No. 4,203,686, a closure device comprising a pad held in a frame by a locking ring applied to the upper face of the pad and which has bearing surfaces facing corresponding surfaces of the frame, able to cooperate with said surfaces of the frame to apply the pad to the frame when said locking ring is rotated, a seal being interposed between the frame and the pad.

Grâce à un tel dispositif, le verrouillage du tampon est assuré sans perforation dudit tampon et il ne se pose donc pas de problème d'étanchéité supplémentaire.Thanks to such a device, the locking of the tampon is ensured without perforation of said tampon and there is therefore no additional sealing problem.

Mais, le verrouillage du tampon étant simplement obtenu par une rotation de l'anneau de verrouillage et maintenu par frottement des pièces métalliques entre elles, le passage répété de véhicules peut provoquer, par les vibrations engendrées, une rotation inverse de l'anneau de verrouillage, ce qui entraîne un déverrouillage du tampon. En effet le coefficient de frottement entre deux pièces métalliques est tel que les forces, engendrées par ce frottement, et s'opposant à la rotation de l'anneau de verrouillage, sont négligeables par rapport aux forces engendrées par le passage d'une charge roulante sur le regard.But, the locking of the pad being simply obtained by a rotation of the locking ring and maintained by friction of the metal parts between them, the repeated passage of vehicles can cause, by the vibrations generated, a reverse rotation of the locking ring , which causes the buffer to be unlocked. Indeed the coefficient of friction between two metal parts is such that the forces generated by this friction, and opposing the rotation of the locking ring, are negligible compared to the forces generated by the passage of a rolling load on the look.

L'invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant un dispositif de verrouillage étanche d'un tampon sur son cadre, assurant en même temps l'étanchéité du regard, et interdisant, de manière absolue, tout mouvement vertical ascendant ou descendant du tampon dans son cadre suite au passage des véhicules.The invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a sealed locking device for a buffer on its frame, at the same time ensuring the watertightness of the manhole, and absolutely prohibiting any vertical upward or downward movement of the stamp in its frame following the passage of vehicles.

Le regard de chaussée à tampon verrouillé et étanche selon l'invention comportant un tampon, un cadre propre à recevoir ce tampon et présentant une semelle d'appui, une garniture d'étanchéité interposée entre le cadre et le tampon, et des moyens de verrouillage du tampon sur ce cadre est caractérisé en ce que les moyens de verrouillage du tampon sur ce cadre comportent une pluralité de brides régulièrement réparties à la périphérie du cadre, solidaires de celui-ci par l'intermédiaire de moyens de fixation démontables, chaque bride comportant une partie externe orientée vers l'extérieur du cadre, et prenant appui sur une surface supérieure du cadre, et une partie interne, orientée vers l'intérieur du cadre, coopérant avec une surface supérieure du tampon, en ce que les moyens de fixation démontables sont situés à une distance du centre du tampon supérieure au rayon de la garniture d'étanchéité et en ce que la garniture d'étanchéité est interposée entre une surface d'appui inférieure du tampon et une surface d'appui supérieure du cadre.The manhole cover with a sealed and sealed buffer according to the invention comprising a buffer, a frame suitable for receiving this buffer and having a support sole, a sealing gasket interposed between the frame and the buffer, and locking means of the pad on this frame is characterized in that the means for locking the pad on this frame comprise a plurality of flanges regularly distributed around the periphery of the frame, integral with the latter by means of removable fixing means, each flange comprising an external part oriented towards the outside of the frame, and bearing on an upper surface of the frame, and an internal part, oriented towards the inside of the frame, cooperating with an upper surface of the pad, in that the removable fixing means are located at a distance from the center of the pad greater than the radius of the seal and in that the seal is interposed between a lower bearing surface of the buffer and an upper support surface of the frame.

Selon une realisation avantageuse de l'invention, une garniture d'étanchéité compressible et une garniture insonorisante incompressible sont interposées entre le cadre et le tampon.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a compressible sealing gasket and an incompressible soundproofing gasket are interposed between the frame and the pad.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages apparaîtront au cours de la description qui va suivre faite en référence aux dessins annexés donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif, sur lesquels:

  • - La Fig. 1 est une coupe partielle du regard verrouillé étanche selon l'invention selon un plan radial vertical, passant par l'axe du moyen de fixation d'une bride.
  • - La Fig. 2 est une coupe partielle du regard verrouillé étanche selon l'invention selon un plan radial vertical situé entre deux brides.
  • - La Fig. 3 est une vue en coupe analogue à la Fig. 1 d'une variante selon l'invention.
Other characteristics and advantages will emerge during the description which follows. follow made with reference to the appended drawings given solely by way of nonlimiting example, in which:
  • - Fig. 1 is a partial section of the sealed locked manhole according to the invention along a vertical radial plane, passing through the axis of the means for fixing a flange.
  • - Fig. 2 is a partial section of the sealed locked manhole according to the invention along a vertical radial plane located between two flanges.
  • - Fig. 3 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 1 of a variant according to the invention.

Comme montré sur la Fig. 1, le regard de chaussée comporte un tampon 2, un cadre 1 propre à recevoir ce tampon 2, une garniture d'étanchéité G1, torique en élastomère de dureté comprise entre 45° et 60° SHORE A interposée entre le cadre 1 et le tampon 2, une garniture insonorisante G2, de dureté comprise entre 41 ° et 46G SHORE D cette garniture G2 pouvant être d'un type connu tel que décrit dans le brevet FR-2 153 823, et une pluralité de brides 4 solidaires du cadre 1 par l'intermédiaire de moyens de fixation démontables, désignés d'une façon générale par la référence F. Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel de l'invention le regard est de forme circulaire, mais il pourrait être, par exemple, triangulaire ou rectangulaire.As shown in Fig. 1, the manhole cover comprises a pad 2, a frame 1 suitable for receiving this pad 2, a gasket G1, an elastomer toroid having a hardness of between 45 ° and 60 ° SHORE A interposed between the frame 1 and the pad 2, a sound-absorbing lining G2, of hardness between 41 ° and 46 G SHORE D this lining G2 can be of a known type as described in patent FR-2 153 823, and a plurality of flanges 4 integral with the frame 1 by means of removable fixing means, generally designated by the reference F. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the manhole is of circular shape, but it could be, for example, triangular or rectangular.

Comme illustré aux Fig. 1 et 2, le cadre 1 comporte une jupe 9, continue, s'étendant verticalement à partir d'une semelle d'appui 8 horizontale par laquelle le cadre 1 prend appui sur le sommet de la cheminée, non représentée, constituant le regard de visite.As illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, the frame 1 comprises a skirt 9, continuous, extending vertically from a horizontal support flange 8 by which the frame 1 is supported on the top of the chimney, not shown, constituting the look of visit.

A peu près à mi-hauteur de la jupe 9, celle-ci est munie d'une collerette radiale interne 11, présentant une partie supérieure 17 légèrement inclinée par rapport à l'horizontale, prolongée extérieurement par une gorge périphérique 18. Cette collerette radiale interne 11 présente intérieurement une surface tronconique 19 d'axe vertical.About halfway up the skirt 9, the latter is provided with an internal radial flange 11, having an upper part 17 slightly inclined relative to the horizontal, extended externally by a peripheral groove 18. This radial flange internal 11 has internally a frustoconical surface 19 of vertical axis.

La collerette radiale interne 11 est reliée, par un congé 14, en prolongement radial externe de la gorge periphérique 18 de la face supérieure de la collerette 11, à la jupe 9. Ce congé 14 sert de siège à la garniture d'étanchéité torique G1.The internal radial flange 11 is connected, by a leave 14, in an external radial extension of the peripheral groove 18 of the upper face of the flange 11, to the skirt 9. This leave 14 serves as a seat for the O-ring seal G1 .

La semelle d'appui 8, du cadre 1, présente, régulièrement répartis sur son pourtour, des reliefs d'appui 81, venus de matière avec la semelle 8, surélevés par rapport à cette semelle d'appui 8. Ces reliefs 81 présentent une surface supérieure d'appui 82, qui peut être légèrement inclinée par rapport à l'horizontale tronconique d'axe vertical, la limite interne de cette surface d'appui 82 étant à une hauteur plus faible que la limite externe de cette dite face. Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel de l'invention, ces reliefs 81 sont au nombre de six.The support sole 8 of the frame 1 has, regularly distributed around its periphery, support reliefs 81, made integrally with the sole 8, raised relative to this support sole 8. These reliefs 81 have a upper support surface 82, which can be slightly inclined relative to the frustoconical horizontal with a vertical axis, the internal limit of this support surface 82 being at a lower height than the external limit of this said face. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, these reliefs 81 are six in number.

La jupe 9, en dehors des reliefs d'appui 81, s'étend à la périphérie interne de la semelle d'appui 81. Au niveau des reliefs 81, la jupe 9 présente des décrochements qui délimitent, vers l'extérieur du cadre 1, les reliefs 81.The skirt 9, outside the support reliefs 81, extends to the internal periphery of the support sole 81. At the reliefs 81, the skirt 9 has recesses which delimit, towards the outside of the frame 1 , the reliefs 81.

Ces reliefs 81 sont à une hauteur, par rapport à la semelle d'apui 8, supérieure à la hauteur de la face 17 de la collerette 11, mais inférieure à la hauteur de la jupe 9. Ainsi la jupe 9, au niveau des reliefs 81, délimite, avec les surfaces d'appui 82, des logements 6.These reliefs 81 are at a height, relative to the support sole 8, greater than the height of the face 17 of the flange 11, but less than the height of the skirt 9. Thus the skirt 9, at the reliefs 81, defines, with the bearing surfaces 82, housings 6.

Dans les reliefs 81, sont ménagés, à partir des faces 82, des taraudages verticaux 16.In the reliefs 81, vertical threads 16 are formed from the faces 82.

Chaque bride 4 est constituée d'une partie interne 10 dirigée vers l'intérieur du cadre 1, et d'une partie externe 15 dirigée vers l'extérieur du cadre 1. Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel de l'invention, chaque bride 4 est percée d'un trou destiné au passage d'un boulon 3 assurant la fixation de la bride 4 sur le cadre 1. Le boulon 3 est vissé dans le taraudage 16. Une rondelle de blocage 5 est interposée entre la tête du boulon 3 et la surface supérieure de la bride 4. Les boulons 3 et les rondelles de blocage 5 constituent alors les moyens de fixation désignés par la référence F. Chaque partie externe 15 d'une bride 4 est destinée à prendre appui sur la surface d'appui 82 d'un relief 81, à l'intérieur du logement 6, les brides 4 étant en même nombre que les logements 6.Each flange 4 consists of an internal part 10 directed towards the inside of the frame 1, and of an external part 15 directed towards the outside of the frame 1. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, each flange 4 is pierced with a hole for the passage of a bolt 3 ensuring the fixing of the flange 4 on the frame 1. The bolt 3 is screwed into the thread 16. A locking washer 5 is interposed between the head of the bolt 3 and the upper surface of the flange 4. The bolts 3 and the locking washers 5 then constitute the fixing means designated by the reference F. Each external part 15 of a flange 4 is intended to bear on the bearing surface 82 of a relief 81, inside the housing 6, the flanges 4 being the same number as the housing 6.

Le tampon 2, présente, à sa périphérie, sur sa face supérieure, une surface d'appui 7 (ou épaulement 7) de la partie interne 10 de la bride 14, qui peut être légèrement inclinée par rapport à l'horizontale, tronconique, d'axe vertical, la limite externe de cet épaulement 7 étant à une hauteur moindre que la limite interne de cet épaulement 7. Cet épaulement 7 (ou surface d'appui 7) est reliée à une autre surface d'appui 12, du tampon 2, en-dessous de l'épaulement 7, par une surface tronconique 13, d'axe vertical, la limite interne de cette surface 13 étant moins haute que la limite externe de cette dite surface.The pad 2 has, on its periphery, on its upper face, a bearing surface 7 (or shoulder 7) of the internal part 10 of the flange 14, which can be slightly inclined relative to the horizontal, frustoconical, vertical axis, the external limit of this shoulder 7 being at a lower height than the internal limit of this shoulder 7. This shoulder 7 (or support surface 7) is connected to another support surface 12, of the pad 2, below the shoulder 7, by a frustoconical surface 13, of vertical axis, the internal limit of this surface 13 being less high than the external limit of this said surface.

Entre le tampon 2 et le cadre 1 sont disposées les garnitures G1 et G2.Between the pad 2 and the frame 1 are arranged the linings G1 and G2.

La garniture, G1 peut être, comme représenté aux Fig. 1 et 2, une garniture d'étanchéité torique en élastomère de dureté comprise entre 45° et 60° SHORE A. Elle prend appui sur le congé 14 de la collerette 11 du cadre 1.The packing, G1 can be, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, an O-ring seal made of elastomer with a hardness of between 45 ° and 60 ° SHORE A. It rests on the fillet 14 of the flange 11 of the frame 1.

La garniture insonorisante G2, interposée entre le cadre et le tampon, est constituée d'un matériau résistant à la compression pouvant résulter du passage d'un véhicule sur le regard. Elle peut, par exemple, être en polyéthylène, de dureté comprise entre 41° et 46° SHORE D.The G2 sound-absorbing lining, interposed between the frame and the pad, is made of a compression-resistant material that can result from the passage of a vehicle over the manhole. It can, for example, be made of polyethylene, with a hardness between 41 ° and 46 ° SHORE D.

Cette garniture G2 a, comme illustré aux Fig. 1 et 2, un profil en forme de G renversé. Cette garniture insonorisante G2 enveloppe la collerette radiale interne 11. Elle est constituée d'un corps 20 de profil externe correspondant au profil de la face tronconique 19 du cadre 1, relié a deux lèvres horizontales dont la lèvre supérieure 21 a un profil interne correspondant au profil de la face 17 de la collerette 11. Cette lèvre supérieure 21 est terminée par un bourrelet d'accrochage d'un profil conjugué de celui de la gorge 18 de la collerette 11.This packing G2 a, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, an inverted G-shaped profile. This sound-absorbing lining G2 envelops the internal radial flange 11. It consists of a body 20 of external profile corresponding to the profile of the frustoconical face 19 of the frame 1, connected to two horizontal lips whose upper lip 21 has an internal profile corresponding to the profile of the face 17 of the collar 11. This upper lip 21 is terminated by a bead for attaching a profile conjugate with that of the groove 18 of the collar 11.

Le tampon 2 repose sur cette garniture insonorisante G2 par la surface annulaire d'appui 12, disposée en-dessous de la surface d'appui 7 ou épaulement, en contact avec la face supérieure de la lèvre 21 de la garniture G2.Buffer 2 rests on this lining soundproofing G2 by the annular bearing surface 12, disposed below the bearing surface 7 or shoulder, in contact with the upper face of the lip 21 of the gasket G2.

Au point de vue constitutif, le diamètre du trou de passage du boulon 3 dans la bride 4 est supérieur au diamètre du boulon 3, et ce dans des proportions permettant un rattrapage des tolérances dues à la fabrication par moulage des pièces, telles que le tampon 2, le cadre 1 et les brides 4, ce qui permet à la bride 4 de présenter une légère déviation angulaire par rapport à l'axe perpendicualire du boulon 3.From a constitutive point of view, the diameter of the bolt 3 through hole in the flange 4 is greater than the diameter of the bolt 3, and in proportions allowing the tolerances due to the manufacturing by molding of the parts, such as the pad, to be made up 2, the frame 1 and the flanges 4, which allows the flange 4 to have a slight angular deviation relative to the perpendicular axis of the bolt 3.

Ce rattrapage des tolérences de fabrication des pièces de fonderie est d'ailleurs facilité par le fait que les surfaces d'appui 82 du cadre 1 et 7 du tampon 2 sont légèrement tronconiques de telle sorte que même dans le cas d'une hauteur maximale (respectivement minimale) des surfaces d'appui 82 et d'une hauteur minimale (respectivement maximale) de la surface d'appui 7, les parties 10 et 15 de chaque bride 4 sont toujours en contact avec les surfaces d'appui 7 et 82.This catching-up of the manufacturing tolerances of the foundry parts is moreover facilitated by the fact that the bearing surfaces 82 of the frame 1 and 7 of the pad 2 are slightly frustoconical so that even in the case of a maximum height ( respectively minimum) of the bearing surfaces 82 and of a minimum (respectively maximum) height of the bearing surface 7, the parts 10 and 15 of each flange 4 are always in contact with the bearing surfaces 7 and 82.

Ainsi, lors du montage du regard, l'application des brides 4 contre les surfaces d'appui 7 du tampon 2 et les surfaces 82 du cadre 1, permet, par le serrage des boulons 3, de comprimer la garniture d'étanchéité G1 entre la surface 13 du tampon 2 et le congé 14 du cadre 1, jusqu'à ce que la surface 12 du tampon entre en contact avec la garniture incompressible G2. Après cela, tout serrage devient pratiquement impossible, la garniture insonorisante G2 étant incompressible. Ainsi, dans ce dispositif, le tampon 2 et le cadre 1 ne sont jamais en contact direct métal-métal.Thus, during the mounting of the manhole, the application of the flanges 4 against the bearing surfaces 7 of the pad 2 and the surfaces 82 of the frame 1, makes it possible, by tightening the bolts 3, to compress the seal G1 between the surface 13 of the pad 2 and the fillet 14 of the frame 1, until the surface 12 of the pad comes into contact with the incompressible gasket G2. After that, any tightening becomes practically impossible, the G2 soundproofing lining being incompressible. Thus, in this device, the pad 2 and the frame 1 are never in direct metal-metal contact.

Ainsi le cadre est parfaitement verrouillé puisqu'il ne peut plus bouger verticalement grâce aux brides 4 et à la garniture G2, par ailleurs l'étanchéité est assurée par la compression de la garniture G1.Thus the frame is perfectly locked since it can no longer move vertically thanks to the flanges 4 and the gasket G2, moreover the sealing is ensured by the compression of the gasket G1.

Ainsi, comme on le voit, la garniture d'étanchéité torique G1 n est soumise qu'à la compression, entre la face 13 du tampon et le congé 14 du cadre, résultant de la mise en contact de la face 12 du tampon avec la lèvre 21 de la garniture insonorisante incompressible G2 par l'intermédiaire du serrage des brides 4.Thus, as can be seen, the O-ring seal G1 is only subjected to compression, between the face 13 of the pad and the fillet 14 of the frame, resulting from the contacting of the face 12 of the pad with the lip 21 of the incompressible soundproofing lining G2 by means of the clamping of the flanges 4.

Le taux de compression de la garniture G1 est donc fonction des tolérances de moulage des pièces de fonderie, et c'est pourquoi la garniture G1 est constituée d'un élastomère de dureté comprise entre 45° et 60° SHORE A pour permettre une compression aisée de cette garniture G1 même dans le cas d'éca ts dimensionnels extrêmes qui diminueraient le volume situé entre le congé 14 et la surface 13 une fois la surface 12 du tampon 2 en contact avec la lèvre 21 de la garniture incompressible G2.The compression ratio of the G1 lining is therefore a function of the molding tolerances of the castings, and this is why the G1 lining is made of an elastomer with a hardness between 45 ° and 60 ° SHORE A to allow easy compression. of this lining G1 even in the case of extreme dimensional gaps which would reduce the volume located between the fillet 14 and the surface 13 once the surface 12 of the pad 2 is in contact with the lip 21 of the incompressible lining G2.

De plus, une fois le regard monté, comme tout mouvement vertical du tampon est interdit, par les brides 4 et la garniture G2, la garniture G1 n'est soumise à aucune augmentation de sa compression, ainsi elle ne risque pas de se détériorer prématurément.In addition, once the manhole is mounted, as any vertical movement of the buffer is prohibited, by the flanges 4 and the lining G2, the lining G1 is not subjected to any increase in its compression, so it does not risk deteriorating prematurely. .

Selon une variante de l'invention (représentée Fig. 3), il a été réalisé un regard verrouillé étanche selon le modèle de l'invention dans lequel la garniture d'étanchéité G1 a été ôtée et la garniture insonorisante G2 a été remplacée par une garniture d'étanchéité G3 qui peut être, comme illustré Fig. 3 de même profil que la garniture insonorisante G2 mais constituée d'un matériau compressible de dureté moyenne, par exemple un élastomère de dureté 60° SHORE A.According to a variant of the invention (shown in FIG. 3), a watertight locked manhole has been produced according to the model of the invention in which the gasket G1 has been removed and the soundproofing G2 has been replaced by a seal G3 which can be, as illustrated in Fig. 3 with the same profile as the sound absorbing lining G2 but made of a compressible material of medium hardness, for example an elastomer of hardness 60 ° SHORE A.

Ainsi chaque bride 4, une fois les moyens de fixation F mis en place, est en appui sur, la surface d'appui 82 du cadre 1 par sa partie externe 15, et la surface d'appui 7 du tampon par sa partie interne 10. Grâce à ce double appui, de part et d'autre de l'axe selon lequel agissent les moyens de fixation F, il est possible d'agir sur les moyens de fixation F avec des moyens de contrôle dynamométriques, tels qu'une clé de serrage des boulons 3 à contrôle de serrage dynamométrique, et d'obtenir ainsi une précontrainte déterminée de la garniture d'étanchéité G3. Là encore, dans ce dispositif, le cadre 1 et le tampon 2 ne sont jamais en contact direct métal-métal.Thus each flange 4, once the fastening means F in place, is supported on, the bearing surface 82 of the frame 1 by its external part 15, and the bearing surface 7 of the pad by its internal part 10 Thanks to this double support, on either side of the axis along which the fixing means F act, it is possible to act on the fixing means F with dynamometric control means, such as a wrench. tightening of the bolts 3 with dynamometric tightening control, and thus obtaining a determined preload of the seal G3. Again, in this device, the frame 1 and the pad 2 are never in direct metal-metal contact.

Il est ainsi possible, en faisant varier le nombre de brides 4 et le couple de serrage des boulons 3, d'obtenir une compression de la garniture d'étanchéité G3 égale, ou supérieure, à la compression de la garniture G3 qui serait engendrée par le passage de véhicules lourds. On peut ainsi arriver à une précontrainte de la garniture G3 correspondant au passage d'une charge roulante de 13 tonnes sur le regard.It is thus possible, by varying the number of flanges 4 and the tightening torque of the bolts 3, to obtain a compression of the gasket G3 equal to, or greater than, the compression of the gasket G3 which would be generated by the passage of heavy vehicles. It is thus possible to arrive at a prestressing of the lining G3 corresponding to the passage of a rolling load of 13 tonnes over the manhole.

Ainsi cette précontrainte de la garniture d'étanchéité G3 permet d'éviter un affaissement du tampon, par rapport au cadre, lors du passage d'un véhicule, ce qui entrainerait une libération de la bride 4 et donc la possibilité d'un desserrage des boulons 3.Thus this prestressing of the gasket G3 makes it possible to avoid collapsing of the buffer, relative to the frame, during the passage of a vehicle, which would cause a release of the flange 4 and therefore the possibility of loosening of the bolts 3.

Dans cette variante, la garniture G3 sert donc à la fois à assurer l'étanchéité du regard aux eaux de ruissellement et le verrouillage du tampon, puisque la garniture étant précontrainte lors du montage du regard tout mouvement ultérieur du tampon est rendu impossible. Il est évident que la garniture G3 en élastomère pourrait être d'un autre profil tel que par exemple celui décrit dans le brevet FR-2 508 953, ou d'un autre profil, pourvu que cette garniture soit compressible et interposée entre une surface d'appui inférieure tampon 2 et une surface d'appui supérieure du cadre 1, le cadre 1 et le tampon 2 n'étant jamais en contact direct métal-métal.In this variant, the gasket G3 therefore serves both to ensure the watertightness of the manhole with runoff water and the locking of the buffer, since the gasket being prestressed during assembly of the manhole, any subsequent movement of the buffer is made impossible. It is obvious that the packing G3 of elastomer could be of another profile such as for example that described in patent FR-2 508 953, or of another profile, provided that this packing is compressible and interposed between a surface d 'lower support pad 2 and an upper support surface of the frame 1, the frame 1 and the pad 2 never being in direct metal-metal contact.

Le dispositif de verrouillage du regard selon l'invention permet donc d'assurer un verrouillage efficace du tampon et d'assurer une bonne étanchéité aux eaux de ruissellement entre le cadre 1 et le tampon 2 en utilisant des pièces (cadre 1 tampon 2 et brides 4) brutes de fonderie, ne nécessitant pas d'usinage ultérieur.The manhole locking device according to the invention therefore makes it possible to ensure effective locking of the buffer and to ensure good sealing against runoff between the frame 1 and the buffer 2 by using parts (frame 1 buffer 2 and flanges 4) rough casting, not requiring subsequent machining.

Claims (8)

1. Manhole with a locked and sealed cover, comprising a cover (2) and a frame (1) able to receive this cover (2) and comprising a support plate (8), a sealing ring (G1 , G3) interposed between the frame (1) and the cover (2) and means for locking the cover on this frame, characterised in that the means for locking the cover on this frame comprise a plurality of flanges (4) uniformly distributed on the periphery of the frame (1), connected to the latter through the intermediary of removable fixing means (F), each flange (4) comprising an external portion (15), directed towards the outside of the frame (1) and resting on an upper surface (82) of the frame (1) and an internal portion (10) directed towards the inside of the frame (1), co-operating with an upper surface (7) of the cover (2), in that the removable fixing means (F) are situated at a distance from the centre of the cover greater than the radius of the sealing ring (G1, G3) and in that the sealing ring (G1, G3) is interposed between a lower support surface of the cover and an upper support surface of the frame.
2. Manhole according to Claim 1, characterised in that the frame (1) comprises a continuous skirt (9) surrounding the cover (2) and reliefs (81) integral with the suppo t plate (8), which have an upper support surface (82), defined externally by the said skirt (9), thus defining recesses (6) uniformly distributed around the periphery of the frame (1).
3. Manhole according to one of Claims 1 to 2, characterised in that the internal portion (10) of each flange (4) co-operates with a peripheral shoulder (7) provided on the upper face of the cover (2).
4. Manhole according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the means (F) for the removable fixing of a flange (4) to the frame (1) are constituted by a bolt (3), passing through a hole provided in each flange (4), the said bolt (3) being screwed into a tapped bore (16) provided in the support surface (82) of the reliefs (81).
5. Manhole according to Claim 4, characterised in that the hole for the passage of the bolt (3) through a flange (4) has a diameter greater than the diameter of the said bolt (3).
6. Manhole according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the surface (82) of a relief (81), on which the external portion (15) of a flange (4) bears and the shoulder (7) of the cover (2) on which the internal surface (10) of a flange (4) bears, are inclined with respect to the horizontal.
7. Manhole according to Claim 1, characterised in that a ring of hardness comprised between 41 and 46° SHORE D is interposed between the frame (1) and the cover (2).
8. Manhole according to Claim 1, characterised in that the sealing ring interposed between the frame (1) and the cover (2) is compressed to a predetermined level ensured by tightening of the flanges (4) through the intermediary of removable fixing means (F).
EP86104384A 1985-04-29 1986-04-01 Locked and sealed manhole cover Expired EP0200008B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86104384T ATE41186T1 (en) 1985-04-29 1986-04-01 LOCKED AND TIGHT MANHOLE COVER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8507052 1985-04-29
FR8507052A FR2581103B1 (en) 1985-04-29 1985-04-29 LOCKED AND WATERPROOF BUFFER LOOK

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0200008A1 EP0200008A1 (en) 1986-11-05
EP0200008B1 true EP0200008B1 (en) 1989-03-08

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EP86104384A Expired EP0200008B1 (en) 1985-04-29 1986-04-01 Locked and sealed manhole cover

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US (1) US4763449A (en)
EP (1) EP0200008B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE41186T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3662285D1 (en)
ES (1) ES296601Y (en)
FR (1) FR2581103B1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3662285D1 (en) 1989-04-13
ATE41186T1 (en) 1989-03-15
FR2581103A1 (en) 1986-10-31
FR2581103B1 (en) 1987-05-29
US4763449A (en) 1988-08-16
EP0200008A1 (en) 1986-11-05
ES296601U (en) 1987-12-01
ES296601Y (en) 1988-05-16

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