EP0189714A1 - Device for improving the quality of the carburetted mixture delivered by a pneumatic injection system - Google Patents

Device for improving the quality of the carburetted mixture delivered by a pneumatic injection system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0189714A1
EP0189714A1 EP85402627A EP85402627A EP0189714A1 EP 0189714 A1 EP0189714 A1 EP 0189714A1 EP 85402627 A EP85402627 A EP 85402627A EP 85402627 A EP85402627 A EP 85402627A EP 0189714 A1 EP0189714 A1 EP 0189714A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injection
nozzle
prechamber
valve
fuel
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Granted
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EP85402627A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0189714B1 (en
Inventor
Jean Trapy
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Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Original Assignee
Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/08—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by the fuel being carried by compressed air into main stream of combustion-air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M67/00—Apparatus in which fuel-injection is effected by means of high-pressure gas, the gas carrying the fuel into working cylinders of the engine, e.g. air-injection type
    • F02M67/02—Apparatus in which fuel-injection is effected by means of high-pressure gas, the gas carrying the fuel into working cylinders of the engine, e.g. air-injection type the gas being compressed air, e.g. compressed in pumps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device intended to improve the quality of the fuel mixture delivered by a pneumatic injection system, supplying an alternative internal combustion engine.
  • Direct or indirect injection of liquid fuel overcomes the harmful effects of poor distribution between cylinders and exhaust losses, and facilitates fuel metering.
  • a third process is still little or not used in reciprocating engines, it is pneumatic injection. This process combines the advantages of direct or indirect liquid injection, and those of carburetion. Indeed, the fluid mixture introduced is already a partially prepared fuel mixture, its distribution can be independent for each cylinder, and triggered so as to minimize losses to the exhaust.
  • the proposed invention relates to the arrangement of a pneumatic injector by means of a nozzle intended to improve the air-fuel mixture injected.
  • the present invention relates to a device for improving the quality of the fuel mixture delivered by a pneumatic injection system supplying a reciprocating internal combustion engine, said pneumatic injection system comprising a member for injecting the liquid fuel opening into a injection prechamber communicating with the engine's combustion chamber.
  • This device is characterized in that it comprises in particular at least two means for speeding up the fuel mixture, the first of which comprises an injection nozzle disposed in said injection prechamber, said injection nozzle comprising an outlet edge and being supplied with liquid fuel by said fuel injection member.
  • the injection nozzle may be arranged coaxially with said prechamber.
  • the injection nozzle may be integral with the walls of said prechamber and present, substantially at the level of its neck, at least one lateral orifice into which opens at least one liquid fuel injection member.
  • Said nozzle may be arranged so as to be substantially closed by an injection valve.
  • the second speed setting means may consist of the space delimited by a wall of said valve and by the outlet edge of said nozzle.
  • the second speed setting means may comprise a fixed member having a tulip-shaped end leaving a permanent opening, this member comprising a rod passing through the nozzle.
  • the injection prechamber may be connected to a source of pressurized forced air.
  • the second speed setting means may comprise a maximum passage section of the fuel mixture of between 20% and 80% of the passage section of the total passage section of said chamber.
  • the fuel injection member can be positioned in the prechamber so as to produce a jet towards the internal surfaces of the nozzle.
  • the second means for speeding up the fuel mixture may be constituted by the passage between the valve and its seat when said valve is in the open position.
  • the reference 1 designates the combustion chamber of an alternative internal combustion engine, the cylinder head 2 of which has an injection orifice 3 making an injection prechamber 4 communicate with the chamber 1.
  • FIG. 1 represents the schematic section of an embodiment of a pneumatic injector equipped with a nozzle substantially improving the spraying of the fuel, and the qualities of homogeneity of the injected mixture.
  • This nozzle is referenced 5, and. it is inserted into the prechamber 4, closed by the injection valve 6, and into which there opens an inlet 7 of gas containing oxygen, such as air, as well as one or more injectors of liquid fuel, referenced 8.
  • the reference 12 designates the outlet edge of the nozzle.
  • the nozzle constitutes a first means of speeding up the gases constituting the fuel mixture. Second means for speeding up these gases can be produced by the outlet edge 12 of the nozzle and by the valve 6 or by this same valve 6 and the seat 13 of this valve.
  • the movements of the valve can be caused by conventional or other control members, d t this valve controls by its opening the actual injection, by establishing a flow of air through the prechamber 4 and the nozzle 5, which sprays the fuel and drives it outside the injector.
  • Liquid fuel may be introduced into the prechamber during the opening of the valve, or even before this opening, the prechamber, then acting as a reserve.
  • the air jet was pulsed by a system other than that of the valve, or if the fuel was metered and introduced into the prechamber by a device other than commercial injectors .
  • the injection nozzle 5 is substantially coaxial with the prechamber 4 and is arranged so as to be substantially closed at the same time as the orifice 3 by the valve 6.
  • FIG. 2 represents an embodiment comprising a fixed member 10 having the general shape of a tulip and associated with the nozzle 9 which is integral with its rod 11.
  • This member is mounted so as to leave the injection orifice 3 permanently open, the alternative injection process being ensured by a flow of air pulsed under pressure through the pipe 7.
  • This embodiment is particularly well suited for an indirect injection system It can be housed in the cylinder head or elsewhere, for example in the intake manifolds.
  • the injection orifice can serve as a second means of speeding up the fuel mixture.
  • these second means could be formed by the passage defined by the outlet edge 12 of the nozzle 5 and the tulip 10.
  • This embodiment makes it possible in particular to dispense with an injection valve control system. It is however necessary to provide means 16 to prevent the reflux of the gases during the combustion phases. This can be achieved by using a non-return valve.
  • the device described above makes it possible to inject good quality fuel mixture at high frequencies (greater than 100 Hz), and this for very small upstream-downstream pressure differences, down to at 0.1 bar.
  • the maximum opening of the injection orifice 3 also constitutes an important parameter, since it regulates the speed of the. air flow, and it has been found that the results are satisfactory when the passage section of this opening is between 20% and 80% of the straight section of total passage of the injection prechamber. It has also been discovered that the nozzle allows much greater latitude in determining the timing of the injection of liquid fuel into the prechamber.
  • the outlet edge 12 of the nozzle is swept by a flow of air passing inside the nozzle (Arrows 14 in FIG. 2) and by a flow of air passing through the outside of the nozzle (Arrows 15 in Figure 2). It is also important that the injection member (s) 8 direct the fuel jets onto the internal walls of the nozzle.
  • Figure 3 is shown a type of nozzle which has brought substantial improvements to the quality of the injected mixture.
  • This nozzle is characterized in that its portion on the side of the gas outlet is evacuated over a certain length and that the outlet diameter is larger than the inlet diameter.
  • Figures 4 and 5 show, by way of comparison, iso-consumption maps of an engine powered by pneumatic direct injection, with (Fig. 4) and without (Fig. 5) injection nozzle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif d'alimentation d'un moteur à combustion alternatif en mélange carburé. Ce dispositif est caractérisé en ce que l'organe (8) d'injection de carburant liquide alimente une buse d'injection (5) disposée dans la préchambre d'injection.Device for supplying an alternative combustion engine with a fuel mixture. This device is characterized in that the liquid fuel injection member (8) feeds an injection nozzle (5) disposed in the injection prechamber.

Description

La presente invention concerne un dispositif destiné à améliorer la qualité du mélange carburé que délivre un système d'injection pneumatique, alimentant un moteur al- tematif à combustion interne.The present invention relates to a device intended to improve the quality of the fuel mixture delivered by a pneumatic injection system, supplying an alternative internal combustion engine.

Ces moteurs sont habituellement alimentés, soit par un carburateur, soit par injection directe ou indirecte du carburant liquide. Dans le premier cas, le mélange préalable de l'air et du carburant s'effectue nettement en amont des orifices d'admission des cylindres, ce qui entraîne des inhomogénéités à la fois de la répartition du carburant dans l'air, et de la distribution du mélange entre les cylindres. Ces imperfections sont préjudiciables au rendement du moteur, d'autant plus que des pertes de mélanges à l'échappement peuvent avoir lieu lorsque le cylindre est balayé par le mélange admis (en particulier dans les moteurs 2 temps). Enfin, le dosage du carburant dans l'air devient fort délicat lorsqu'il est nécessaire d'optimiser la carburation dans le sens d'une économie d'énergie et d'une réduction des polluants.These engines are usually powered either by a carburetor or by direct or indirect injection of liquid fuel. In the first case, the pre-mixing of the air and the fuel takes place clearly upstream of the intake ports of the cylinders, which leads to inhomogeneities both in the distribution of the fuel in the air, and in the distribution of the mixture between the cylinders. These imperfections are detrimental to the performance of the engine, all the more so as losses of exhaust mixtures can take place when the cylinder is swept by the admitted mixture (in particular in 2-stroke engines). Finally, the metering of fuel into the air becomes very delicate when it is necessary to optimize the carburetion in the sense of energy saving and reduction of pollutants.

L'injection directe ou indirecte du carburant liquide pallie les effets néfastes d'une mauvaise répartition entre cylindres et des pertes à l'échappement, et facilite le dosage du carburant.Direct or indirect injection of liquid fuel overcomes the harmful effects of poor distribution between cylinders and exhaust losses, and facilitates fuel metering.

Elle a cependant pour inconvénient de créer des inhomogénéités du mélange dans les cylindres, qui peuvent occasionner de mauvaises combustions, en particulier à haut régime.However, it has the drawback of creating inhomogeneities of the mixture in the cylinders, which can cause poor combustion, in particular at high speed.

Un troisième procédé est encore peu ou pas utilisé dans les moteurs alternatifs, c'est l'injection pneumatique. Ce procédé allie les avantages de l'injection liquide directe ou indirecte, et ceux de la carburation. En effet, le mélange fluide introduit est déjà un mélange carburé en partie préparé, sa distribution peut être indépendante pour chaque cylindre, et déclenchée de manière à minimiser les pertes à l'échappement.A third process is still little or not used in reciprocating engines, it is pneumatic injection. This process combines the advantages of direct or indirect liquid injection, and those of carburetion. Indeed, the fluid mixture introduced is already a partially prepared fuel mixture, its distribution can be independent for each cylinder, and triggered so as to minimize losses to the exhaust.

L'art antérieur peut être illustré par les brevets français suivants : FR-A-563.174, FR-A-313.652, FR-A-1.037.550 et FR-A-669.767.The prior art can be illustrated by the following French patents: FR-A-563.17 4 , FR-A-313.652, FR-A-1.037. 5 50 and FR-A-669.767.

L'invention proposée concerne l'agencement d'un injecteur pneumatique au moyen d'une buse destinée à améliorer le mélange air-carburant injecté.The proposed invention relates to the arrangement of a pneumatic injector by means of a nozzle intended to improve the air-fuel mixture injected.

Plus particulièrement, la présente invention concerne un dispositif pour améliorer la qualité du mélange carburé que délivre un système d'injection pneumatique alimentant un moteur alternatif à combustion interne, ledit système d'injection pneumatique comportant un organe d'injection du carburant liquide débouchant dans une préchambre d'injection communiquant avec la7 chambre de combustion du moteur.More particularly, the present invention relates to a device for improving the quality of the fuel mixture delivered by a pneumatic injection system supplying a reciprocating internal combustion engine, said pneumatic injection system comprising a member for injecting the liquid fuel opening into a injection prechamber communicating with the engine's combustion chamber.

Ce dispositif se caractérise en ce qu'il comporte notamment au moins deux moyens de mise en vitesse du mélange carburé dont le premier comporte une buse d'injection disposée dans ladite préchambre d'injection, ladite buse d'injection comportant un bord de sortie et étant alimenté en carburant liquide par ledit organe d'injection de carburant.This device is characterized in that it comprises in particular at least two means for speeding up the fuel mixture, the first of which comprises an injection nozzle disposed in said injection prechamber, said injection nozzle comprising an outlet edge and being supplied with liquid fuel by said fuel injection member.

La buse d'injection pourra être disposée coaxialement à ladite préchambre.The injection nozzle may be arranged coaxially with said prechamber.

La buse d'injection pourra être solidaire des parois de ladite préchambre et présenter, sensiblement au niveau de son col, au moins un orifice latéral dans lequel débouche au moins un organe d'injection de carburant liquide.The injection nozzle may be integral with the walls of said prechamber and present, substantially at the level of its neck, at least one lateral orifice into which opens at least one liquid fuel injection member.

Ladite buse pourra être disposée de façon à être sensiblement obturée par une soupape d'injection. Les deuxièmes moyens de mise en vitesse pourront être constitués de l'espace délimité par une paroi de ladite soupape et par le bord de sortie de ladite buse.Said nozzle may be arranged so as to be substantially closed by an injection valve. The second speed setting means may consist of the space delimited by a wall of said valve and by the outlet edge of said nozzle.

Les deuxième moyens de mise en vitesse pourront comporter un organe fixe ayant une extrémité en forme de tulipe laissant subsister une ouverture permanente, cet organe comportant une tige passant à travers la buse. La préchambre d'injection pourra être reliée à une source d'air pulsé sous pression.The second speed setting means may comprise a fixed member having a tulip-shaped end leaving a permanent opening, this member comprising a rod passing through the nozzle. The injection prechamber may be connected to a source of pressurized forced air.

Les deuxième moyens de mise en vitesse pourront comporter une section de passage maximale du mélange carburé comprise entre 20 % et 80 % de la section de passage de la section de passage totale de ladite chambre.The second speed setting means may comprise a maximum passage section of the fuel mixture of between 20% and 80% of the passage section of the total passage section of said chamber.

L'organe d'injection du carburant pourra être positionné dans la préchambre de manière à produire un jet en direction des surfaces internes de la buse.The fuel injection member can be positioned in the prechamber so as to produce a jet towards the internal surfaces of the nozzle.

Lorsque le dispositif selon l'invention comporte une soupape d'injection reposant par intermittence sur un siège solidaire de la préchambre, les deuxième moyens de mise en vitesse du mélange carburé pourront être constitués par le passage entre la soupape et son siège lorsque ladite soupape est en position ouverte.When the device according to the invention comprises an injection valve resting intermittently on a seat integral with the prechamber, the second means for speeding up the fuel mixture may be constituted by the passage between the valve and its seat when said valve is in the open position.

Pour bien comprendre cette invention dans ses particularités et avantages, on se reportera à la description qui suit, illustrée par les figures annexées suivantes, parmi lesquelles :

  • - la figure 1 montre schématiquement, en coupe, un mode de réalisation du dispositif d'injection,
  • - la figure 2 illustre une variante du dispositif de la figure 1, avec une ouverture fixe,
  • - les figures 3A, 38 et 3C présentent une réalisation de la buse d'injection en section longitudinale, vue de côté et vue de dessus respectivement, et
  • - les figures 4 et 5 permettent de comparer les consommations mesurées d'un moteur alimenté en injection pneumatique avec et sans la buse d'injection du dispositif selon l'invention.
To understand this invention in its particularities and advantages, reference will be made to the description which follows, illustrated by the following appended figures, among which:
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows, in section, an embodiment of the injection device,
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a variant of the device of FIG. 1, with a fixed opening,
  • FIGS. 3A, 38 and 3C show an embodiment of the injection nozzle in longitudinal section, side view and top view respectively, and
  • - Figures 4 and 5 allow to compare the measured consumption of an engine powered by pneumatic injection with and without the injection nozzle of the device according to the invention.

Sur les figures, la référence 1 désigne la chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne alternatif dont la culasse 2 comporte un orifice d'injection 3 faisant communiquer une préchambre d'injection 4 avec la chambre 1.In the figures, the reference 1 designates the combustion chamber of an alternative internal combustion engine, the cylinder head 2 of which has an injection orifice 3 making an injection prechamber 4 communicate with the chamber 1.

La figure 1 représente la coupe schématique d'une réalisation d'un injecteur pneumatique équipé d'une buse améliorant substantiellement la pulvérisation du carburant, et les qualités d'homogénéité du mélange injecté. Cette buse est référencée 5, et. elle est insérée dans la préchambre 4, fermée par la soupape d'injection 6, et dans laquelle débouche une arrivée 7 de gaz contenant de l'oxygène, tel de l'air, ainsi qu'un ou plusieurs injecteurs de carburant liquide, référencés 8.FIG. 1 represents the schematic section of an embodiment of a pneumatic injector equipped with a nozzle substantially improving the spraying of the fuel, and the qualities of homogeneity of the injected mixture. This nozzle is referenced 5, and. it is inserted into the prechamber 4, closed by the injection valve 6, and into which there opens an inlet 7 of gas containing oxygen, such as air, as well as one or more injectors of liquid fuel, referenced 8.

Ceux-ci pénètrent dans la préchambre au travers de la buse 5 et peuvent être par exemple des injecteurs électroniques ou mécaniques du commerce, utilisés couramment sur des moteurs de série. La référence 12 désigne le bord de sortie de la buse. La buse constitue un premier moyen de mise en vitesse des gaz constituant le mélange carburé. Des deuxième moyens de mise en vitesse de ces gaz peuvent être réalisée par le bord 12 de sortie de la buse et par la soupape 6 ou par cette même soupape 6 et le siège de 13 de cette soupape.These enter the prechamber through the nozzle 5 and can for example be electronic or mechanical commercial injectors, commonly used on series engines. The reference 12 designates the outlet edge of the nozzle. The nozzle constitutes a first means of speeding up the gases constituting the fuel mixture. Second means for speeding up these gases can be produced by the outlet edge 12 of the nozzle and by the valve 6 or by this same valve 6 and the seat 13 of this valve.

Les mouvements de la soupape peuvent être provoqués par des organes de commande classiques ou autres, dt cette soupape commande par son ouverture l'injection effective, en établissant un flux d'air à travers la préchambre 4 et la buse 5, qui pulvérise le carburant et l'entraîne à l'extérieur de l'injecteur. Le carburant liquide pourra être introduit dans la préchambre pendant l'ouverture de la soupape, ou encore avant cette ouverture, la préchambre, faisant alors office de réserve. Toutefois, on ne sortirait pas du cadre de l'invention si le jet d'air était pulsé par un autre système que celui de la soupape, ou si le carburant était dosé et introduit dans la préchambre par un autre dispositif que des injecteurs du commerce. La buse d'injection 5 est sensiblement coaxiale à la préchambre 4 et est disposée de façon à être sensiblement obturée en même temps que l'orifice 3 par la soupape 6.The movements of the valve can be caused by conventional or other control members, d t this valve controls by its opening the actual injection, by establishing a flow of air through the prechamber 4 and the nozzle 5, which sprays the fuel and drives it outside the injector. Liquid fuel may be introduced into the prechamber during the opening of the valve, or even before this opening, the prechamber, then acting as a reserve. However, it would not go beyond the scope of the invention if the air jet was pulsed by a system other than that of the valve, or if the fuel was metered and introduced into the prechamber by a device other than commercial injectors . The injection nozzle 5 is substantially coaxial with the prechamber 4 and is arranged so as to be substantially closed at the same time as the orifice 3 by the valve 6.

La figure 2 représente un mode de réalisation comportant un organe fixe 10 ayant la forme générale d'une tulipe et associé à la buse 9 qui est solidaire de sa tige 11.FIG. 2 represents an embodiment comprising a fixed member 10 having the general shape of a tulip and associated with the nozzle 9 which is integral with its rod 11.

Cet organe est monté de manière à laisser l'orifice d'injection 3 ouvert en permanence, le processus d'injection alternatif étant assuré par un débit d'air pulsé sous pression à travers la canalisation 7. Ce mode de réalisation est particulièrement bien adapté pour un système d'injection indirect Il pourra être logé dans la culasse ou ailleurs, par exemple dans les tubulures d'admission.This member is mounted so as to leave the injection orifice 3 permanently open, the alternative injection process being ensured by a flow of air pulsed under pressure through the pipe 7. This embodiment is particularly well suited for an indirect injection system It can be housed in the cylinder head or elsewhere, for example in the intake manifolds.

L'orifice d'injection peut servir de deuxième moyen de mise en vitesse du mélange carburé. De même, ces deuxièmes moyens pourront être constitués pr le passage défini par le bord 12 de sortie de la buse 5 et la tulipe 10.The injection orifice can serve as a second means of speeding up the fuel mixture. Likewise, these second means could be formed by the passage defined by the outlet edge 12 of the nozzle 5 and the tulip 10.

Ce mode de réalisation permet notamment de s'affranchir d'un système de commande de soupapes d'injection. Il est cependant nécessaire de prévoir des moyens 16 pour empêcher le reflux des gaz lors des phases de combustion. Ceci peut être réalisé par l'utilisation de clapet anti-retour.This embodiment makes it possible in particular to dispense with an injection valve control system. It is however necessary to provide means 16 to prevent the reflux of the gases during the combustion phases. This can be achieved by using a non-return valve.

Equipé de la buse d'injection le dispositif décrit ci- dessus permet d'injecter du mélange carburé de bonne qualité à des fréquences élevées (supérieures à 100 Hz), et ceci pour des différences de pression amont-aval très faibles, descendant jusqu'à 0,1 bar.Equipped with the injection nozzle, the device described above makes it possible to inject good quality fuel mixture at high frequencies (greater than 100 Hz), and this for very small upstream-downstream pressure differences, down to at 0.1 bar.

L'ouverture maximale de l'orifice d'injection 3 constitue aussi un paramètre important, car elle régule la vitesse du. flux d'air, et il a été découvert que les résultats étaient satisfaisants lorsque la section de passage de cette ouverture est comprise entre 20% et 80% de la section droite de passage total de la préchambre d'injection. Il a été aussi découvert que la buse permettait une beaucoup plus grande latitude pour fixer le moment de l'injection du carburant liquide dans la préchambre.The maximum opening of the injection orifice 3 also constitutes an important parameter, since it regulates the speed of the. air flow, and it has been found that the results are satisfactory when the passage section of this opening is between 20% and 80% of the straight section of total passage of the injection prechamber. It has also been discovered that the nozzle allows much greater latitude in determining the timing of the injection of liquid fuel into the prechamber.

On ne sortirait cependant pas du cadre de l'invention en remplaçant la soupape 6 par un autre type d'organe d'obturation périodique.It would not, however, depart from the scope of the invention to replace the valve 6 with another type of periodic closure member.

Selon la présente invention, il est important que le bord de sortie 12 de la buse soit balayé par un flux d'air passant à l'intérieur de la buse (Flèches 14 sur la figure 2) et par un flux d'air passant à l'extérieur de la buse (Flèches 15 sur la figure 2). Il est également important que le ou les organes d'injection 8 dirige les jets de carburant sur les parois internes de la buse.According to the present invention, it is important that the outlet edge 12 of the nozzle is swept by a flow of air passing inside the nozzle (Arrows 14 in FIG. 2) and by a flow of air passing through the outside of the nozzle (Arrows 15 in Figure 2). It is also important that the injection member (s) 8 direct the fuel jets onto the internal walls of the nozzle.

Sur la figure 3 est représenté un type de buse qui a apporté des améliorations substantielles à la qualité du mélange injecté. Cette buse se caractérise par ce que sa portion du côté de la sortie des gaz est évacuée sur une certaine longueur et que le diamètre de sortie est plus grand que le diamètre d'entrée.In Figure 3 is shown a type of nozzle which has brought substantial improvements to the quality of the injected mixture. This nozzle is characterized in that its portion on the side of the gas outlet is evacuated over a certain length and that the outlet diameter is larger than the inlet diameter.

Les figures 4 et 5 montrent, à titre de comparaison, des cartes d'isoconsommation d'un moteur alimenté par injection directe pneumatique, avec (Fig. 4) et sans (Fig. 5) buse d'injection.Figures 4 and 5 show, by way of comparison, iso-consumption maps of an engine powered by pneumatic direct injection, with (Fig. 4) and without (Fig. 5) injection nozzle.

Sur ces figures, on a porté en abscisses le régime N du moteur en tours/minute et en ordonnées la puissance P en chevaux du moteur.In these figures, the engine speed N in revolutions / minute has been plotted on the abscissa and the power P in engine horsepower on the ordinates.

La consommation est exprimée en grammes par cheval et par heure, la correspondance entre les références et les consommations est la suivante :

Figure imgb0001
La comparaison des figures 4 et 5 montre la nette amélioration apportée par l'utilisation de la buse 5.Consumption is expressed in grams per horse per hour, the correspondence between the references and the consumption is as follows:
Figure imgb0001
 The comparison of FIGS. 4 and 5 shows the clear improvement brought by the use of the nozzle 5.

Claims (8)

1.- Dispositif pour améliorer la qualité du mélange carburé que délivre un système d'injection pneumatique alimentant un moteur alternatif à combustion interne, ledit système d'injection pneumatique comportant un organe d'injection du carburant liquide débouchant dans une préchambre d'injection communiquant avec la chambre de combustion du moteur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins deux moyens de mise en vitesse du mélange carburé dont le premier comporte une buse d'injection (5) disposée dans ladite préchambre d'injection (4), ladite buse d'injection (5) comportant un bord de sortie (12) et étant alimenté en carburant liquide par ledit organe (8) d'injection de carburant.1.- Device for improving the quality of the fuel mixture delivered by a pneumatic injection system supplying an alternative internal combustion engine, said system pneumatic injection device comprising a liquid fuel injection member opening into an injection prechamber communicating with the combustion chamber of the engine, characterized in that it comprises at least two means for speeding up the fuel mixture, the first of which comprises an injection nozzle (5) disposed in said injection prechamber (4), said injection nozzle (5) having an outlet edge (12) and being supplied with liquid fuel by said member (8) of fuel injection. 2.- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite buse d'injection est disposée coaxialement à ladite préchambre (4).2.- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said injection nozzle is arranged coaxially with said prechamber (4). 3.- Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite buse d'injection (5) est solidaire des parois de ladite préchambre (4) et présente, sensiblement au niveau de son col, au moins un orifice latéral (9) dans lequel débouche au moins un organe (8) d'injection de carburant liquide.3.- Device according to claim 2, characterized in that said injection nozzle (5) is integral with the walls of said prechamber (4) and has, substantially at the level of its neck, at least one lateral orifice (9) in which opens at least one member (8) for injecting liquid fuel. 4.- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 et 3, caractérisé en ce que ladite buse (5) est disposée de façon à être sensiblement obturée par une soupape d'injection (6) et en ce que les deuxièmes moyens de mise en vitesse sont constitués de l'espace délimité par une paroi de ladite soupape et par ledit bord de sortie de ladite buse.4.- Device according to any one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that said nozzle (5) is arranged so as to be substantially closed by an injection valve (6) and in that the second setting means in terms of speed, they consist of the space delimited by a wall of said valve and by said outlet edge of said nozzle. 5.- Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que lesdits deuxième moyens de mise en vitesse comportent un organe fixe comportant une extrémité (10) en forme de tulipe laissant subsister une ouverture permanente, ledit organe comportant une tige passant à travers ladite buse et en ce que ladite préchambre d'injection (4) est reliée à une source d'air pulsé sous pression.5.- Device according to claim 2, characterized in that said second speed setting means comprise a fixed member having an end (10) in the form of a tulip leaving a permanent opening, said member comprising a rod passing through said nozzle and in that said injection prechamber (4) is connected to a source of forced air under pressure. 6.- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que lesdits deuxième moyens de mise en vitesse comportent une section de passage maximale du mélange carburé comprise entre 20 % et 80 % de la section de passage de la section de passage totale de ladite chambre.6.- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said second speed setting means comprise a maximum passage section of the fuel mixture between 20% and 80% of the passage section of the total passage section of said chamber . 7. - Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit organe d'injection du carburant est positionné dans ladite préchambre de manière à produire un jet en direction des surfaces internes de ladite buse.7. - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said fuel injection member is positioned in said prechamber so as to produce a jet towards the internal surfaces of said nozzle. 8. - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 2 ou 3, comportant une soupape d'injection, ladite soupape reposant par intermittence sur un siège solidaire de ladite préchambre, caractérisé en ce que les deuxième moyens de mise en vitesse du mélange carburé sont constitués par le passage entre ladite soupape et son siège lorsque ladite soupape est en position ouverte.8. - Device according to one of claims 2 or 3, comprising an injection valve, said valve resting intermittently on a seat integral with said prechamber, characterized in that the second means for speeding up the fuel mixture are constituted by the passage between said valve and its seat when said valve is in the open position.
EP85402627A 1984-12-28 1985-12-24 Device for improving the quality of the carburetted mixture delivered by a pneumatic injection system Expired - Lifetime EP0189714B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8420057 1984-12-28
FR8420057A FR2575521B1 (en) 1984-12-28 1984-12-28 DEVICE FOR IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF THE FUEL MIXTURE DELIVERED BY A PNEUMATIC INJECTION SYSTEM

Publications (2)

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EP0189714A1 true EP0189714A1 (en) 1986-08-06
EP0189714B1 EP0189714B1 (en) 1992-01-29

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EP85402627A Expired - Lifetime EP0189714B1 (en) 1984-12-28 1985-12-24 Device for improving the quality of the carburetted mixture delivered by a pneumatic injection system

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US (1) US4703740A (en)
EP (1) EP0189714B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0660611B2 (en)
DE (1) DE3585320D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2575521B1 (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0296969A1 (en) * 1987-06-26 1988-12-28 Institut Français du Pétrole Device for the induction under pressure of a mixture in the cylinder of an internal combustion engine
FR2623854A1 (en) * 1987-11-27 1989-06-02 Inst Francais Du Petrole PNEUMATIC FUEL INJECTION DEVICE IN A CYLINDER OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
EP0421356A1 (en) * 1989-10-02 1991-04-10 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel injection system for an engine
EP0442261A1 (en) * 1990-01-10 1991-08-21 Sanshin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Air/fuel injector for an internal combustion engine
FR2678319A1 (en) * 1991-06-25 1992-12-31 Inst Francais Du Petrole System for aiding with the atomisation of a carburetted mixture in a combustion chamber and application of the system to an internal combustion engine
EP0526408A1 (en) * 1991-08-02 1993-02-03 Rolf Moosmann Glow plug for internal combustion diesel engine

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02221649A (en) * 1989-02-22 1990-09-04 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Fuel injection device

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FR669767A (en) * 1929-02-16 1929-11-20 Devices for supplying an explosive mixture to internal combustion engines
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FR1037550A (en) * 1950-05-31 1953-09-17 Daimler Benz Ag Method for fuel injection using compressed air

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0296969A1 (en) * 1987-06-26 1988-12-28 Institut Français du Pétrole Device for the induction under pressure of a mixture in the cylinder of an internal combustion engine
FR2617240A1 (en) * 1987-06-26 1988-12-30 Inst Francais Du Petrole DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE PRESSURIZED INTRODUCTION OF A CARBIDE MIXTURE IN THE CYLINDER OF AN ENGINE
FR2623854A1 (en) * 1987-11-27 1989-06-02 Inst Francais Du Petrole PNEUMATIC FUEL INJECTION DEVICE IN A CYLINDER OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
EP0320330A1 (en) * 1987-11-27 1989-06-14 Institut Français du Pétrole Device for injecting fuel pneumatically in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine
EP0421356A1 (en) * 1989-10-02 1991-04-10 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel injection system for an engine
EP0442261A1 (en) * 1990-01-10 1991-08-21 Sanshin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Air/fuel injector for an internal combustion engine
FR2678319A1 (en) * 1991-06-25 1992-12-31 Inst Francais Du Petrole System for aiding with the atomisation of a carburetted mixture in a combustion chamber and application of the system to an internal combustion engine
EP0526408A1 (en) * 1991-08-02 1993-02-03 Rolf Moosmann Glow plug for internal combustion diesel engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0189714B1 (en) 1992-01-29
DE3585320D1 (en) 1992-03-12
FR2575521A1 (en) 1986-07-04
JPH0660611B2 (en) 1994-08-10
US4703740A (en) 1987-11-03
FR2575521B1 (en) 1989-04-07
JPS61268864A (en) 1986-11-28

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