EP0170563B1 - Protecting process for sheathed pre-stressed steel cables - Google Patents
Protecting process for sheathed pre-stressed steel cables Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0170563B1 EP0170563B1 EP19850401282 EP85401282A EP0170563B1 EP 0170563 B1 EP0170563 B1 EP 0170563B1 EP 19850401282 EP19850401282 EP 19850401282 EP 85401282 A EP85401282 A EP 85401282A EP 0170563 B1 EP0170563 B1 EP 0170563B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sheath
- injection
- protective material
- sheathed
- wax
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/12—Mounting of reinforcing inserts; Prestressing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for protecting live metallic cables housed in sheaths. It relates in particular to the protection of prestressing cables for structures in engineering structures, whether these cables are external or internal to said structures, but also the anchor rods or the shrouds.
- prestressing The principle of prestressing is well known to those skilled in the art and it will simply be recalled that it consists in accommodating one or more cables in a sheath and in putting these cables under tension. Due to the tensioning of these cables, it is necessary to take certain precautions aimed at avoiding as much as possible any corrosion phenomenon. For this, it is customary to inject inside the sheath a cement grout which, however, presents the invention of constituting a rigid coating capable of cracking.
- this fat injection method has several drawbacks.
- the implementation of the injection is delicate because, due to the viscosity of the product, it is necessary to inject under pressure. In some cases, for long lengths of sheath for example, it is necessary to provide several injection points.
- the protection of the cables with this grease is incomplete because it is difficult to completely fill the voids between the strands of each cable. There are risks of having areas not protected by grease, especially since it can contain air bubbles generated by the injection pump.
- this method also has drawbacks linked to the physicochemical properties of fats, in particular problems of bleeding and physical instability (reversibility).
- the invention relates to a protection method devoid of these drawbacks.
- it provides a method of protecting metallic cables under tension housed inside a sheath which consists in injecting inside the sheath a flexible and stable protective material.
- the process is characterized by the measures indicated in claim 1.
- said material also comprises additives such as anti-rust and extreme pressure additives.
- the wax is a microcrystalline wax comprising cyclic hydrocarbons.
- the microcrystalline petroleum wax used has the following characteristics:
- the wax After adding the various additives, the wax can have the following properties:
- an additive wax marketed by the company Elf France under the name INJECTELF CP, consisting of 96% microcrystalline wax and mineral oil, the rest representing the proportions of additive.
- the assembly to be protected therefore consists of a prestressing reinforcement made up of 10 rectilinear cables approximately 300 meters long, each of them consisting of 17 galvanized strands of 150 mm 2 in cross section. Each reinforcement is tensioned, in pairs, to a value close to 70% of the guaranteed rupture, which made it possible to apply a uniform stress of 4.2 MPa to the structure.
- the anchors include double-groove keys allowing tension-relaxation cycles.
- the conduits receiving the prestressing reinforcements consist of sheaths made of resin reinforced with glass fiber, having an outside diameter of 113.8 mm and a thickness of 2.28 mm.
- Each sheath is made up of a set of elementary gains approximately 12 m long linked together by watertight connections. They are installed on supports spaced approximately 4 m apart.
- each sheath has a permanent metal cover constituting a containment. of the injection.
- the cover is connected to the sheath by an O-ring.
- the injection was carried out using a product brought to the site via an insulated tanker truck.
- the method according to the invention is perfectly ecological.
- the assembly thus formed is perfectly stable, it can be used in structures subject to large temperature variations, especially since the material used is reversible.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
- Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
Description
L'invention concerne un procédé de protection de câbles métalliques sous tension logés dans des gaines. Elle concerne en particulier la protection des câbles de précontrainte de structures des ouvrages d'art, que ces câbles soient extérieurs ou intérieurs aux dites structures, mais aussi les tirants d'ancrage ou les haubans.The invention relates to a method for protecting live metallic cables housed in sheaths. It relates in particular to the protection of prestressing cables for structures in engineering structures, whether these cables are external or internal to said structures, but also the anchor rods or the shrouds.
Le principe de la précontrainte est bien connu de l'homme de l'art et on rappellera simplement qu'il consiste à loger un ou plusieurs câbles dans une gaine et à mettre ces câbles sous tension. Du fait de la mise sous tension de ces câbles, il est nécessaire de prendre certaines précautions visant à éviter au maximum tout phénomène de corrosion. Pour cela, il est d'usage d'injecter à l'intérieur de la gaine un coulis de ciment qui présente cependant l'invention de constituer un enrobage rigide susceptible de se fissurer.The principle of prestressing is well known to those skilled in the art and it will simply be recalled that it consists in accommodating one or more cables in a sheath and in putting these cables under tension. Due to the tensioning of these cables, it is necessary to take certain precautions aimed at avoiding as much as possible any corrosion phenomenon. For this, it is customary to inject inside the sheath a cement grout which, however, presents the invention of constituting a rigid coating capable of cracking.
On a plus récemment proposé d'injecter un produit souple constitué par une graisse (GB-A-1 074 311). Cette méthode a été utilisée lors de la construction d'un pont sur le Loir à la Flèche et décrite dans la revue TRAVAUX Juillet/Août 83.More recently, it has been proposed to inject a flexible product consisting of a grease (GB-A-1 074 311). This method was used during the construction of a bridge over the Loir à la Flèche and described in the TRAVAUX review July / August 83.
Mais cette méthode d'injection de graisses présente plusieurs inconvénients. En particulier, la mise en oeuvre de l'injection est délicate car, du fait de la viscosité du produit, on est obligé d'injecter sous pression. Dans certains cas, pour des grandes longueurs de gaine par exemple, on est obligé de prévoir plusieurs points d'injection. De plus, la protection des câbles par cette graisse est incomplète car il est difficile de remplir complètement les vides entre les torons de chaque câble. Il y a des risques d'avoir des zones non protégées par la graisse, d'autant plus que celle-ci peut contenir des bulles d'air générées par la pompe d'injection. En outre, cette méthode présente aussi des inconvénients liés aux propriétés physicochimiques des graisses, en particulier des problèmes de ressuage et d'instabilité physique (reversibilité).However, this fat injection method has several drawbacks. In particular, the implementation of the injection is delicate because, due to the viscosity of the product, it is necessary to inject under pressure. In some cases, for long lengths of sheath for example, it is necessary to provide several injection points. In addition, the protection of the cables with this grease is incomplete because it is difficult to completely fill the voids between the strands of each cable. There are risks of having areas not protected by grease, especially since it can contain air bubbles generated by the injection pump. In addition, this method also has drawbacks linked to the physicochemical properties of fats, in particular problems of bleeding and physical instability (reversibility).
Au contraire, l'invention a pour objet un procédé de protection dépourvu de ces inconvénients. Pour cela elle prévoit un procédé de protection de câbles métalliques sous tension logés à l'intérieur d'une gaine qui consise à injecter à l'intérieur de la gaine un matériau de protection souple et stable. Selon l'invetion le procédé est caractérisé par les mesures indiquées dans la revendication 1.On the contrary, the invention relates to a protection method devoid of these drawbacks. For this, it provides a method of protecting metallic cables under tension housed inside a sheath which consists in injecting inside the sheath a flexible and stable protective material. According to the invention the process is characterized by the measures indicated in claim 1.
De préférence, ledit matériau comporte en outre des additifs tels que des additifs antirouille et extrême- pression.Preferably, said material also comprises additives such as anti-rust and extreme pressure additives.
De préférence, la cire est une cire microcristalline comprenant des hydrocarbures cycliques.Preferably, the wax is a microcrystalline wax comprising cyclic hydrocarbons.
Selon un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention, la cire pétrolière microcristalline utilisée présente les caractéristiques suivantes:According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the microcrystalline petroleum wax used has the following characteristics:
Après adjonction des divers additifs, la cire peut présenter les propriétés suivantes:After adding the various additives, the wax can have the following properties:
L'invention et ses caractéristiques et avantages seront mieux compris à la lecture suivante d'un exemple illustratif et nullement limitatif.The invention and its characteristics and advantages will be better understood on the following reading of an illustrative and in no way limiting example.
On a réalisé l'injection de câbles de précontrainte extérieure pour un ouvrage en béton.We injected external prestressing cables for a concrete structure.
L'ensemble à protéger est donc constitué par une armature de précontrainte constituée de 10 câbles rectilignes d'environ 300 mètres de long, chacun d'eux étant constitué de 17 torons galvanisés de 150 mm2 de section. Chaque armature est mise sous tension, par paire, à une valeur proche de 70 % de la rupture garantie, ce qui a permis d'appliquer à la structure une contrainte uniforme de 4,2 MPa. Les ancrages comportent des clavettes doublegorge permettant des cycles tension-détension.The assembly to be protected therefore consists of a prestressing reinforcement made up of 10 rectilinear cables approximately 300 meters long, each of them consisting of 17 galvanized strands of 150 mm 2 in cross section. Each reinforcement is tensioned, in pairs, to a value close to 70% of the guaranteed rupture, which made it possible to apply a uniform stress of 4.2 MPa to the structure. The anchors include double-groove keys allowing tension-relaxation cycles.
Les conduits recevant les armatures de précontrainte sont constitués de gaines en résine armée de fibre de verre, ayant un diamètre extérieur de 113,8 mm et une épaisseur de 2,28 mm. Chaque gaine est constituée d'un ensemble de gains élémentaires d'environ 12 m de long reliées entre elles par des raccordements étanches. Elles sont installées sur des supports espacés de 4 m environ.The conduits receiving the prestressing reinforcements consist of sheaths made of resin reinforced with glass fiber, having an outside diameter of 113.8 mm and a thickness of 2.28 mm. Each sheath is made up of a set of elementary gains approximately 12 m long linked together by watertight connections. They are installed on supports spaced approximately 4 m apart.
A une extrémité, chaque gaine comporte un capot métallique permanent constituant un confinement. de l'injection. Le capot est relié à la gaine par un joint torique.At one end, each sheath has a permanent metal cover constituting a containment. of the injection. The cover is connected to the sheath by an O-ring.
L'injection a été réalisée à partir d'un produit amené sur le chantier par l'intermédiaire d'un camion citerne calorifugé.The injection was carried out using a product brought to the site via an insulated tanker truck.
On a réalisé deux séries d'injection de cinq gaines chacune. Pour ces deux séries d'injection, les différents paramètres observés sont notés dans le tableau 1 suivant.Two series of injections of five sheaths were carried out each. For these two injection series, the different parameters observed are noted in Table 1 below.
Pour ces deux séries d'injection, on a constaté que chaque conduit avait été parfaitement rempli et qu'aucune reprise d'injection n'avait été nécessaire.For these two injection series, it was found that each conduit had been perfectly filled and that no re-injection was necessary.
En effet, c'est là encore un autre avantage du procédé que de pouvoir être réalisé par étapes ou par "vagues" d'injection. Dans l'essai suivant, on a réalisé une injection en deux phases sur des gaines expérimentales d'une vingtaine de mètres de même nature que dans les séries d'essais précédents et comportant le même câble métallique.Indeed, this is yet another advantage of the process than being able to be carried out in stages or by "waves" of injection. In the following test, an injection was carried out in two phases on experimental sheaths of about twenty meters of the same nature as in the previous series of tests and comprising the same wire rope.
On s'est alors aperçu que la cire refroidie au contact des torons restant dans le bas de la gaine et la cire chaude s'écoulant par dessus, il est parfaitement possible de réaliser l'injection en deux temps. Dans un premier temps, a été réalisée l'injection de 150 kg de produits, pendant 4 minutes sous une pression comprise entre 1 et 2 bars. Une heure après cette première injection, une deuxième injection de 50 kg a été réalisée.We then realized that the wax cooled in contact with the strands remaining at the bottom of the sheath and the hot wax flowing over it, it is perfectly possible to carry out the injection in two stages. Initially, the injection of 150 kg of products was carried out for 4 minutes under a pressure of between 1 and 2 bars. One hour after this first injection, a second injection of 50 kg was carried out.
Après refroidissement du produit, on a pu constater un très bon remplissage de la gaine, une parfaite migration du produit entre les torons de même qu'entre les fils périphériques et le fil central constituant chaque toron.After cooling the product, we could see a very good filling of the sheath, a perfect migration of the product between the strands as well as between the peripheral wires and the central wire constituting each strand.
Ces essais montrent bien que le procédé selon l'invention est beaucoup plus facile à mettre en oeuvre que les procédés d'injection de graisse selon l'art antérieur. En outre, ce procédé fiable et économique est parfaitement modulable.These tests clearly show that the process according to the invention is much easier to implement than the grease injection processes according to the prior art. In addition, this reliable and economical process is perfectly modular.
Enfin, du fait de l'utilisation d'une cire pétrolière qui ne présente pas de phénomène de ressuage, le procédé selon l'invention est parfaitement écologique. L'ensemble ainsi constitué étant parfaitement stable, il est utilisable dans des ouvrages soumis à des grandes variations de température, d'autant plus que le matériau utilisé est reversible.Finally, due to the use of an oil wax which does not exhibit any bleeding phenomenon, the method according to the invention is perfectly ecological. The assembly thus formed is perfectly stable, it can be used in structures subject to large temperature variations, especially since the material used is reversible.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT85401282T ATE40843T1 (en) | 1984-06-25 | 1985-06-25 | PROTECTION METHOD FOR ENCLOSED STEEL TENDING LINKS. |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8409969 | 1984-06-25 | ||
| FR8409969 | 1984-06-25 | ||
| FR8503677 | 1985-03-13 | ||
| FR8503677 | 1985-03-13 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0170563A1 EP0170563A1 (en) | 1986-02-05 |
| EP0170563B1 true EP0170563B1 (en) | 1989-02-15 |
Family
ID=26224033
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19850401282 Expired EP0170563B1 (en) | 1984-06-25 | 1985-06-25 | Protecting process for sheathed pre-stressed steel cables |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0170563B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3568292D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2642103B1 (en) * | 1989-01-24 | 1995-03-24 | Freyssinet Int Stup | IMPROVEMENTS IN PROCESSES AND DEVICES FOR PRE-STRESSING CONCRETE BY POST-TENSION |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB555826A (en) * | 1941-07-16 | 1943-09-09 | Remington Arms Co Inc | Improvements in or relating to lubricants for ammunition |
| NL101982C (en) * | 1961-02-27 | |||
| GB1074311A (en) * | 1962-08-27 | 1967-07-05 | Taylor Woodrow Construction | A stressed concrete structure |
| FR2410078A1 (en) * | 1977-11-28 | 1979-06-22 | Cinematique Lab | Mooring cable and anchoring system for floating offshore structures - capable of withstanding continuously fluctuating forces and wave motion |
| DE3038898C2 (en) * | 1980-10-15 | 1985-10-10 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG, 8000 München | Process for generating corrosion protection for strands made of high-strength steel wires |
| GB2095696B (en) * | 1981-03-31 | 1985-03-06 | Shell Int Research | Locked coil rope lubricants |
-
1985
- 1985-06-25 DE DE8585401282T patent/DE3568292D1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-06-25 EP EP19850401282 patent/EP0170563B1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0170563A1 (en) | 1986-02-05 |
| DE3568292D1 (en) | 1989-03-23 |
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