EP0163873B1 - Dielectric of glass for an electrical insulator - Google Patents

Dielectric of glass for an electrical insulator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0163873B1
EP0163873B1 EP85104627A EP85104627A EP0163873B1 EP 0163873 B1 EP0163873 B1 EP 0163873B1 EP 85104627 A EP85104627 A EP 85104627A EP 85104627 A EP85104627 A EP 85104627A EP 0163873 B1 EP0163873 B1 EP 0163873B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dielectric
glass
insulator
maximum value
mpa
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85104627A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0163873A1 (en
Inventor
Denis Dumora
Jean-Paul Parant
Laurent Pargamin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Societe Europeenne dIsolateurs en Verre et Composite SEDIVER SA
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Societe Europeenne dIsolateurs en Verre et Composite SEDIVER SA
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Priority to AT85104627T priority Critical patent/ATE45241T1/en
Publication of EP0163873A1 publication Critical patent/EP0163873A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/14—Supporting insulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/20—Pin insulators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31—Surface property or characteristic of web, sheet or block
    • Y10T428/315—Surface modified glass [e.g., tempered, strengthened, etc.]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a glass electrical insulator and in particular to a high or medium voltage distribution insulator, where soda-lime glass dielectrics are generally used, either annealed or highly thermally toughened.
  • severe conditions are required, among which: good resistance to sudden temperature differences of the order of at least 70 ° C., and sufficient resistance to accidental impacts.
  • the annealed glass dielectrics do not meet the aforementioned temperature condition and their impact resistance is insufficient.
  • the dielectrics in highly thermally tempered glass resist abrupt variations in temperature much greater than 100 ° C. and exhibit very good impact resistance because they have very high surface stresses.
  • a glass of this kind the thickness of which is of the order of 10 to 15 mm, presents transversely to its thickness a substantially parabolic profile of constraints: the surface compression constraints can reach several hundred Megapascales, the constraints internal extension being very close to half of the compression stresses.
  • a total fragmentation of the dielectric is observed.
  • the object of the present invention is to produce a dielectric which does not have this drawback, while meeting the other requirements mentioned above.
  • the subject of the present invention is a rigid insulator comprising a plurality of dielectric pieces joined together, the lower insulator being fixed to a metal rod and comprising at least one dielectric piece made of soda-lime glass with an average thickness of 10 to 15 mm and having a substantially parabolic stress profile, at any point in the part, the maximum value of the surface compression constraints being between 30 and 80 MPa, while the maximum value of the internal stresses of extension is between 15 and 40 MPa.
  • the present invention also relates to a rigid insulator comprising a plurality of dielectric pieces stacked on each other so as to form a column and immobilized between them on a base, at least one of said dielectric pieces made of glass as indicated below. -above.
  • FIG. 1 shows a dielectric 1 according to the invention, the head 2 of which has grooves 3 and 4 capable of supporting a conductor of an overhead line.
  • This dielectric is made of soda-lime glass and its average thickness is of the order of 10 to 15 mm.
  • Figure 2 the transverse distribution of the stresses existing in this glass. The values of the stresses C in Megapascals are shown on the ordinate and the thickness e in millimeters on the abscissa.
  • Profile A of the constraints is parabolic. This profile corresponds to the ideal case where the portion of glass slide studied has its two parallel faces.
  • the A values of surface compression stresses can be measured by the method of D. B. MARSHAL; and B. R. LAWN described in "the Journal of the Ceramic Society Feb. 77. Vol 60 no 1 - 2".
  • the maximum value of the external compression constraints is 60 Megapascals, while the maximum value of the internal extension constraints is 30 Megapascals.
  • Such a dielectric withstands sudden temperature differences of at least 90 ° C. It has an impact resistance at least three times that of annealed glass. Even in the event of an impact leading to rupture, no fragmentation of the dielectric is observed.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 Two very advantageous uses of the dielectrics according to the invention have been illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a rigid rod insulator fixed in a support 15. It comprises a first dielectric 11, similar to that of FIG. 1, and provided with two grooves 13 and 14; a second dielectric 12 having the same stress characteristics is secured to the dielectric 11.
  • a metal rod 16 fixed in the head of the dielectric 12 allows immobilization of the insulator 10 in the support 15.
  • the dielectrics according to the invention can present when they undergo an impact whose energy is greater than their prestressing: instead of a total fragmentation of the dielectrics, there appears a sharp break of one or two pieces of their skirts, and the cable continues to be fixed correctly on the head of the insulator 10.
  • a rigid insulator 20 mounted on a metal base 21 fixed on a support 22.
  • This insulator 20 is formed of a plurality of dielectrics 30 according to the invention stacked, sealed one inside the other so as to form a column.
  • the head of the upper dielectric 31 has two grooves 33 and 34 for an overhead line conductor. In this type of application, a fragmentation of two successive dielectrics would risk causing the conductor to fall.
  • the present invention solves this problem.

Abstract

Rigid electrical insulator including a soda-lime glass dielectric with an average thickness of 10 to 15 mm, exhibiting a substantially parabolic stress curve, wherein the maximum value of the surface compression stresses at any point in the part falls within the range of 30 to 80 MPa, while the maximum value of the internal tensile stresses at any point in the part falls within the range of 15 to 40 MPa.

Description

La présente invention concerne un isolateur électrique verre et en particulier pour un isolateur de distribution haute ou moyenne tension, où l'on utilise généralement des diélectriques en verre sodocalcique soit recuit soit fortement trempé thermiquement.The present invention relates to a glass electrical insulator and in particular to a high or medium voltage distribution insulator, where soda-lime glass dielectrics are generally used, either annealed or highly thermally toughened.

Dans certains isolateurs de type "rigides à tige" ou "rigides à socle", un câble électrique est fixé directement sur la tête du diélectrique; ceci implique des exigences particulières pour les caractéristiques mécaniques du verre, afin d'éviter une rupture accidentelle de la tête du diélectrique susceptible d'entraîner une chute du câble.In certain insulators of the "rigid rod" or "rigid base" type, an electric cable is fixed directly to the head of the dielectric; this implies special requirements for the mechanical characteristics of the glass, in order to avoid accidental breakage of the dielectric head which could cause the cable to fall.

Ainsi, dans certains cas d'utilisation, on exige des conditions sévères parmi lesquelles: une bonne tenue à des écarts brutaux de température de l'ordre de 70°C au moins, et une résistance suffisante à des impacts accidentels.Thus, in certain use cases, severe conditions are required, among which: good resistance to sudden temperature differences of the order of at least 70 ° C., and sufficient resistance to accidental impacts.

Les diélectriques en verre recuit ne répondent pas à la condition de température précitée et leur résistance à l'impact est insuffisante. Par contre les diélectriques en verre fortement trempé thermiquement résistent à des écarts brutaux de température très supérieurs à 100°C et présentent une très bonne résistance à l'impact car ils possèdent de très fortes contraintes superficielles. En effet, un verre de ce genre, dont l'épaisseur est de l'ordre de 10 à 15 mm, présente transversalement à son épaisseur un profil sensiblement parabolique de contraintes: les contraintes superficielles de compression peuvent atteindre plusieurs centaines de Megapascales, les contraintes internes d'extension étant très voisines de la moitié des contraintes de compression. Toutefois, lorsqu'un tel diélectrique est atteint par un impact dont l'énergie est telle qu'elle dépasse la précontrainte existant dans le verre, on observe une fragmentation totale du diélectrique.The annealed glass dielectrics do not meet the aforementioned temperature condition and their impact resistance is insufficient. On the other hand, the dielectrics in highly thermally tempered glass resist abrupt variations in temperature much greater than 100 ° C. and exhibit very good impact resistance because they have very high surface stresses. Indeed, a glass of this kind, the thickness of which is of the order of 10 to 15 mm, presents transversely to its thickness a substantially parabolic profile of constraints: the surface compression constraints can reach several hundred Megapascales, the constraints internal extension being very close to half of the compression stresses. However, when such a dielectric is reached by an impact whose energy is such that it exceeds the prestress existing in the glass, a total fragmentation of the dielectric is observed.

La présente invention a pour but de réaliser un diélectrique n'ayant pas cet inconvénient, tout en répondant aux autres exigences rappelées plus haut.The object of the present invention is to produce a dielectric which does not have this drawback, while meeting the other requirements mentioned above.

La présente invention a pour objet un isolateur rigide comportant une pluralité de pièces diélectiques solidarisées entre elles, l'isolateur inférieur étant fixé à une tige métallique et comportant au moins une pièce diélectrique constituée de verre sodocalcique d'épaisseur moyenne de 10 à 15 mm et présentant un profil de contraintes sensiblement parabolique, en tout point de la pièce la valeur maximale des contraintes superficielles de compression étant comprise entre 30 et 80 MPa, tandis que la valeur maximale des contraintes internes d'extension est comprise entre 15 et 40 MPa.The subject of the present invention is a rigid insulator comprising a plurality of dielectric pieces joined together, the lower insulator being fixed to a metal rod and comprising at least one dielectric piece made of soda-lime glass with an average thickness of 10 to 15 mm and having a substantially parabolic stress profile, at any point in the part, the maximum value of the surface compression constraints being between 30 and 80 MPa, while the maximum value of the internal stresses of extension is between 15 and 40 MPa.

La présente invention a également pour objet un isolateur rigide comportant une pluralité de pièces diélectriques empilées les unes sur les autres de manière à former une colonne et immobilisées entre elles sur un socle, au moins une des-dites pièces diélectriques constituée de verre comme indiqué ci-dessus.The present invention also relates to a rigid insulator comprising a plurality of dielectric pieces stacked on each other so as to form a column and immobilized between them on a base, at least one of said dielectric pieces made of glass as indicated below. -above.

Il peut s'agir d'un isolateur "rigide à tige" comprenant un diélectrique selon l'invention ou plusieurs diélectriques selon l'invention solidarisés les uns aux autres; cet isolateur est monté de façon rigide sur un support au moyen d'une tige pénétrant à l'intérieur du diélectrique extrême.It can be a "rigid rod" insulator comprising a dielectric according to the invention or several dielectrics according to the invention secured to each other; this insulator is rigidly mounted on a support by means of a rod penetrating inside the extreme dielectric.

Il peut s'agir également d'un isolateur "rigide à socle" comprenant également plusieurs diélectriques selon l'invention, assemblés de façon permanente sur un socle métallique monté sur un support.It can also be a "rigid base" insulator also comprising several dielectrics according to the invention, permanently assembled on a metal base mounted on a support.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront au cours de la description suivante faite à l'aide du dessin annexé donné à titre illustratif mais nullement limitatif et dans lequel:

  • - la figure 1 montre schématiquement en demi- coupe partielle un diélectrique selon l'invention,
  • - la figure 2 est une courbe montrant la répartition des contraintes dans l'épaisseur du verre du diélectrique de la figure 1,
  • - la figure 3 montre très schématiquement en coupe partielle un isolateur électrique du type "rigide à tige" selon l'invention,
  • - la figure 4 montre très schématiquement un isolateur électrique du type "rigide à socle" selon l'invention.
Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear during the following description made with the aid of the appended drawing given by way of illustration but in no way limiting and in which:
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows in partial half-section a dielectric according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a curve showing the distribution of the stresses in the thickness of the glass of the dielectric of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 very schematically shows in partial section an electrical insulator of the "rigid rod" type according to the invention,
  • - Figure 4 shows very schematically an electrical insulator of the "rigid base" type according to the invention.

On voit sur la figure 1 un diélectrique 1 selon l'invention dont la tête 2 présente des gorges 3 et 4 susceptibles de supporter un conducteur d'une ligne aérienne. Ce diélectrique est en verre sodocalcique et son épaisseur moyenne est de l'ordre de 10 à 15 mm. On voit dans la figure 2 la répartition transversale des contraintes existant dans ce verre. On a représenté en ordonnées les valeurs des contraintes C en Megapascals et en abscisses l'épaisseur e en millimètres.FIG. 1 shows a dielectric 1 according to the invention, the head 2 of which has grooves 3 and 4 capable of supporting a conductor of an overhead line. This dielectric is made of soda-lime glass and its average thickness is of the order of 10 to 15 mm. We see in Figure 2 the transverse distribution of the stresses existing in this glass. The values of the stresses C in Megapascals are shown on the ordinate and the thickness e in millimeters on the abscissa.

Le profil A des contraintes est parabolique. Ce profil correspend au cas idéal où la portion de lame de verre étudiée a ses deux faces parallèles.Profile A of the constraints is parabolic. This profile corresponds to the ideal case where the portion of glass slide studied has its two parallel faces.

Les valeurs A des contraintes de compression superficielles peuvent être mesurées par la méthode de D. B. MARSHAL; et B. R. LAWN décrite dans "the Journal of the Ceramic Society Feb. 77. Vol 60 n° 1 - 2".The A values of surface compression stresses can be measured by the method of D. B. MARSHAL; and B. R. LAWN described in "the Journal of the Ceramic Society Feb. 77. Vol 60 no 1 - 2".

Les valeurs des contraintes d'extension internes sont déduites des précédentes par le calcul.The values of the internal extension constraints are deduced from the previous ones by calculation.

Dans l'exemple choisi, la valeur maximale des contraintes de compression externes est de 60 Megapascals, tandis que la valeur maximale des contraintes d'extension internes est de 30 Megapascals.In the example chosen, the maximum value of the external compression constraints is 60 Megapascals, while the maximum value of the internal extension constraints is 30 Megapascals.

Un tel diélectrique résiste à des écarts brutaux de température d'au moins 90°C. Il présente une tenue à l'impact au moins égale à trois fois celle du verre recuit. Même en cas d'impact entraînant une rupture, on n'observe pas de fragmentation du diélectrique.Such a dielectric withstands sudden temperature differences of at least 90 ° C. It has an impact resistance at least three times that of annealed glass. Even in the event of an impact leading to rupture, no fragmentation of the dielectric is observed.

Ces trois résultats sont obtenus également pour des diélectriques dont les valeurs maximales des contraintes de compression sont comprises entre 30 et 80 Megapascals, les valeurs maximales des contraintes d'extension étant alors comprises entre 15 et 40 Megapascals.These three results are also obtained for dielectrics whose maximum values of compression stresses are between 30 and 80 Megapascals, the maximum values of the extension constraints then being between 15 and 40 Megapascals.

Pour des valeurs supérieures des contraintes, on risque de voir apparaître une fragmentation, tandis que, pour des valeurs inférieures, les résistances aux chocs thermiques et à l'impact deviennent insuffisantes.For higher values of the stresses, there is a risk of seeing fragmentation appear, while, for lower values, the resistance to thermal shocks and to impact becomes insufficient.

On a illustré dans les figures 3 et 4 deux utilisations très avantageuses des diélectriques selon l'invention.Two very advantageous uses of the dielectrics according to the invention have been illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4.

La figure 3 illustre un isolateur rigide à tige fixé dans un support 15. Il comporte un premier diélectrique 11, analogue à celui de la figure 1, et muni de deux gorges 13 et 14; un second diélectrique 12 présentant les mêmes caractéristiques de contraintes est solidarisé au diélectrique 11. Une tige métallique 16 fixée dans la tête du diélectrique 12 permet l'immobilisation de l'isolateur 10 dans le support 15.FIG. 3 illustrates a rigid rod insulator fixed in a support 15. It comprises a first dielectric 11, similar to that of FIG. 1, and provided with two grooves 13 and 14; a second dielectric 12 having the same stress characteristics is secured to the dielectric 11. A metal rod 16 fixed in the head of the dielectric 12 allows immobilization of the insulator 10 in the support 15.

On conçoit l'intérêt que peuvent présenter les diélectriques selon l'invention lorsqu'ils subissent un impact dont l'énergie est supérieure à leur précontrainte: au lieu d'une fragmentation totale des diélectriques il apparaît une cassure franche d'un ou deux morceaux de leurs jupes, et le câble continue d'être fixé correctement sur la tête de l'isolateur 10.We can understand the advantage that the dielectrics according to the invention can present when they undergo an impact whose energy is greater than their prestressing: instead of a total fragmentation of the dielectrics, there appears a sharp break of one or two pieces of their skirts, and the cable continues to be fixed correctly on the head of the insulator 10.

On voit dans la figure 4, un isolateur rigide 20 monté sur un socle métallique 21 fixé sur un support 22. Cet isolateur 20 est formé d'une pluralité de diélectriques 30 selon l'invention empilés, scellés les uns dans les autres de manière à former une colonne. La tête du diélectrique supérieur 31 présente deux gorges 33 et 34 pour un conducteur de ligne aérienne. Dans ce type d'application, une fragmentation de deux diélectriques successifs risquerait d'entraîner la chute du conducteur. La présente invention résoud ce problème.We see in Figure 4, a rigid insulator 20 mounted on a metal base 21 fixed on a support 22. This insulator 20 is formed of a plurality of dielectrics 30 according to the invention stacked, sealed one inside the other so as to form a column. The head of the upper dielectric 31 has two grooves 33 and 34 for an overhead line conductor. In this type of application, a fragmentation of two successive dielectrics would risk causing the conductor to fall. The present invention solves this problem.

Claims (2)

1. A rigid insulator comprising a plurality of dielectric members integral with one another, the lower insulator being fixed to a metal shaft and comprising at least one dielectric member constituted of soda-lime glass of an average thickness of 10 to 15 mm, which presents a substantially parabolic stress profile, the maximum value of surface compression stress at any point of the member falling within the range of 30 to 80 Mpa and the maximum value of internal expansion stress falling within the range of 15 to 40 Mpa.
2. A rigid insulator comprising a plurality of dielectric members stacked one upon the other so as to form a column and being immobilized in relation to one another on a post, at least one dielectric member being constituted of a glass according to claim 1.
EP85104627A 1984-04-20 1985-04-18 Dielectric of glass for an electrical insulator Expired EP0163873B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85104627T ATE45241T1 (en) 1984-04-20 1985-04-18 GLASS DIELECTRIC FOR ELECTRICAL INSULATOR.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8406301 1984-04-20
FR8406301A FR2563365B1 (en) 1984-04-20 1984-04-20 GLASS DIELECTRIC FOR ELECTRICAL INSULATOR

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0163873A1 EP0163873A1 (en) 1985-12-11
EP0163873B1 true EP0163873B1 (en) 1989-08-02

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EP85104627A Expired EP0163873B1 (en) 1984-04-20 1985-04-18 Dielectric of glass for an electrical insulator

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US (1) US4757162A (en)
EP (1) EP0163873B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE45241T1 (en)
AU (1) AU581653B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8501888A (en)
CA (1) CA1255768A (en)
DE (1) DE3572073D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2563365B1 (en)
IN (1) IN168791B (en)
MX (1) MX158952A (en)
NO (1) NO165898C (en)
NZ (1) NZ211795A (en)
ZA (1) ZA852957B (en)

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US9593042B2 (en) 2014-10-08 2017-03-14 Corning Incorporated Glasses and glass ceramics including a metal oxide concentration gradient
US9908811B2 (en) 2015-12-11 2018-03-06 Corning Incorporated Fusion formable glass-based articles including a metal oxide concentration gradient
US10017417B2 (en) 2016-04-08 2018-07-10 Corning Incorporated Glass-based articles including a metal oxide concentration gradient

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US11079309B2 (en) 2013-07-26 2021-08-03 Corning Incorporated Strengthened glass articles having improved survivability
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US10150698B2 (en) 2014-10-31 2018-12-11 Corning Incorporated Strengthened glass with ultra deep depth of compression
KR102459339B1 (en) 2014-11-04 2022-10-26 코닝 인코포레이티드 Deep non-frangible stress profiles and methods of making
US10579106B2 (en) 2015-07-21 2020-03-03 Corning Incorporated Glass articles exhibiting improved fracture performance
US11613103B2 (en) 2015-07-21 2023-03-28 Corning Incorporated Glass articles exhibiting improved fracture performance

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9593042B2 (en) 2014-10-08 2017-03-14 Corning Incorporated Glasses and glass ceramics including a metal oxide concentration gradient
US10259746B2 (en) 2014-10-08 2019-04-16 Corning Incorporated Glasses and glass ceramics including a metal oxide concentration gradient
US10266447B2 (en) 2014-10-08 2019-04-23 Corning Incorporated Glasses and glass ceramics including a metal oxide concentration gradient
US10294151B2 (en) 2014-10-08 2019-05-21 Corning Incorporated Glasses and glass ceramics including a metal oxide concentration gradient
US10730791B2 (en) 2014-10-08 2020-08-04 Corning Incorporated Glasses and glass ceramics including a metal oxide concentration gradient
US9908811B2 (en) 2015-12-11 2018-03-06 Corning Incorporated Fusion formable glass-based articles including a metal oxide concentration gradient
US10787387B2 (en) 2015-12-11 2020-09-29 Corning Incorporated Fusion-formable glass-based articles including a metal oxide concentration gradient
US10017417B2 (en) 2016-04-08 2018-07-10 Corning Incorporated Glass-based articles including a metal oxide concentration gradient
US10570059B2 (en) 2016-04-08 2020-02-25 Corning Incorporated Glass-based articles including a metal oxide concentration gradient

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IN168791B (en) 1991-06-08
BR8501888A (en) 1985-12-24
FR2563365A1 (en) 1985-10-25
EP0163873A1 (en) 1985-12-11
AU581653B2 (en) 1989-03-02
NO165898B (en) 1991-01-14
CA1255768A (en) 1989-06-13
ZA852957B (en) 1985-12-24
MX158952A (en) 1989-03-31
FR2563365B1 (en) 1986-12-05
NZ211795A (en) 1989-01-06
ATE45241T1 (en) 1989-08-15
NO165898C (en) 1991-04-24
NO851545L (en) 1985-10-21
DE3572073D1 (en) 1989-09-07
AU4129785A (en) 1985-10-24
US4757162A (en) 1988-07-12

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