EP0128343B1 - Double casing turbine with at least one valve for the horizontal supply of steam - Google Patents

Double casing turbine with at least one valve for the horizontal supply of steam Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0128343B1
EP0128343B1 EP84105095A EP84105095A EP0128343B1 EP 0128343 B1 EP0128343 B1 EP 0128343B1 EP 84105095 A EP84105095 A EP 84105095A EP 84105095 A EP84105095 A EP 84105095A EP 0128343 B1 EP0128343 B1 EP 0128343B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
valve housing
diffuser body
turbine
casing
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84105095A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0128343A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Heiniger
Jaroslav Masek
Herbert Senn
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
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Publication of EP0128343A1 publication Critical patent/EP0128343A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/10—Final actuators
    • F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
    • F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
    • F01D17/141—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of shiftable members or valves obturating part of the flow path
    • F01D17/145—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of shiftable members or valves obturating part of the flow path by means of valves, e.g. for steam turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
    • F01D25/26—Double casings; Measures against temperature strain in casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/06—Fluid supply conduits to nozzles or the like

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a two-casing turbine with at least one valve for horizontal steam supply according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the quick-shot and control valves used in steam turbines are arranged separately from the turbine housing outside of the turbine housing and connected to the turbine housing by pipe elbows which open vertically into the turbine housing, the pipe elbows being shaped in such a way that they allow elastic deformations to compensate for the thermal expansions, without being impermissible high thermal stresses occur.
  • the elbows extend from the turbine housing far upwards with a corresponding space requirement in the hall, so that such large vertical elbows cause large hall heights with corresponding additional costs compared to a lower power plant hall.
  • the pipe elbows themselves are also expensive and also pose considerable sealing problems in the area of the flange connections due to the high vapor pressures.
  • control valves were flanged in a vertical position directly on the upper part of the turbine housing or welded to their housing block.
  • control valves but only for single-case turbines, are also flanged or welded directly to the upper part of the housing in a horizontal position. So far, however, this could only be practiced with single-case turbines, because only in the case of revisions can the valve or valves be lifted up alone or together with the case.
  • control valves were either attached directly to the outer casing in a vertical position and connected to the inner casing in a movably sealing manner or the valves were connected to the inner housing by means of a pipe which ended vertically in the same and which was flanged onto the outer housing. This arrangement therefore does not make it possible to lift off the upper part of the housing during revisions without having to remove the supply lines and the associated fastening devices.
  • valve housing engages with a centering shoulder of its connecting flange in a connecting piece of the outer housing upper part and a central part of the valve housing designed as a diffuser extends into a connecting piece of the inner housing, where it is sealed.
  • the object on which the present invention is based cannot be achieved by a valve of this type which is mounted horizontally on a two-housing turbine. In order to be able to lift the upper part of the outer casing, the valve would have to be disconnected from the steam feed line beforehand so that the central part with the diffuser function can be pulled out and the upper part of the casing is thus clear of the inner casing.
  • DE-C-943052 also discloses a valve installed vertically in a housing of a single-housing high-pressure steam turbine, in which the diffuser body is structurally separate from the valve housing, which receives the valve closing body and its actuating elements, and is accommodated within a connecting piece of the upper part of the turbine housing.
  • the diffuser body rests with an annular surface of a collar in the connection piece and is braced in the upper part of the housing from the inside of the housing by an inflow piece which has a thread and forms a connecting line between the diffuser and a nozzle in front of an action wheel.
  • a guide part for the valve closing body which is made in one piece with the valve housing, projects into the connecting piece of the upper part of the turbine housing, so that for this reason alone, such a valve would have to be dismantled from the turbine housing and from the steam feed line in order to mount the upper part of the turbine housing to be able to take off.
  • the disadvantage of two-housing turbines which consists in the fact that the valves used hitherto with regard to the expansion, can only be installed with interposed pipe elbows which open vertically from above into the upper part of the turbine housing, which, as I said, requires larger and therefore more expensive hall heights.
  • the horizontal arrangement of the control valves according to the invention in the upper part of the turbine housing simplifies the assembly and disassembly work and thus also makes the revision work cheaper.
  • FIG. 1, 1 denotes a two-housing high-pressure part of a steam turbine system, each with a steam supply indicated by the arrows 2 and 3 in the upper housing part 4 and in the lower housing part 5.
  • the steam supplied by the boiler enters 2 and 3 in quick-closing valves 6 and 7, respectively and reaches with open valves 6 and 7 in control valves 8 and 9, through which the steam flow to the turbine can be adjusted and regulated.
  • the setting and control of the control valves is carried out by servomotors 10 and 11 that are structurally combined with the control valves.
  • the quick-closing valves 6 and 7 are actuated by servomotors 12 and 13, the task of which, among other things. is to shut off the steam supply suddenly in the event of a disaster.
  • the figure shows a vertical cross section through the inlet spiral of a steam turbine 14, the sectional plane being placed perpendicularly through the axes of two control valves 15 and 16 screwed to the outer housing upper part 20, of which only a part of the valve housing 17 and the diffuser body 18 on the left side are shown, on the other hand, only a part of the diffuser body 19.
  • two of the control valves namely 15 and 16 are attached to the outer housing upper part 20 at the same height, whereas in the turbine according to FIG. 1, one valve each Outer housing lower part 5 is provided.
  • attachment points are provided on the outer housing lower part 21 for the attachment of two steam supply lines, not shown, which connect two control valves to the connecting pieces 22 on the inner housing lower part 23.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section through a two-casing steam turbine with a double inlet and a horizontally mounted control valve on the upper part of the outer casing and the lower part of the outer casing.
  • the same reference numerals are assigned to the parts analogous to the embodiment according to FIG. 2 in FIG. 4, which shows the installation of the control valve 15 arranged at the top left in FIG. 2 on a larger scale, shows the exact design of the diffuser body 18 and its position relative to the valve housing 17 and the inner housing upper part 24.
  • the fully drawn outline of the diffuser body defines a first embodiment, in which an annular collar in the region of the valve seat 27 has an outer conical surface 28 which bears against a corresponding inner conical surface in the valve housing 17.
  • a locking screw 34 is provided in the housing 17, which engages with axial play in a bore 35 in the cylindrical shoulder 29 and prevents displacement of the diffuser body 18 when the turbine is cold when the diffuser body is not stuck in the valve housing .
  • the valve housing 17 is made of cast ferrite
  • the diffuser body 18, on the other hand is made of austenitic steel, the thermal expansion coefficient of which is greater than that of the cast iron, so that due to the close fit of the diffuser body in the Valve housing the diffuser body is clamped in the valve housing when the turbine is warm.
  • the diffuser body in the valve housing becomes loose again, so that it can be pulled out without difficulty when the valve is dismantled.
  • a cylindrical shoulder 36 is provided with greater play relative to the bore in the valve housing, the outline of which is indicated by the dash-dotted lines.
  • the support shoulder can be conical in the same way as in the first-mentioned embodiment, or it can be designed as a flat, annular support surface.
  • This design in conjunction with the spherical valve closing body 25, which is movably connected to the valve spindle (not shown), ensures that the diffuser body is free from tension, that is to say without deformation, in the event of relative movements between the outer and inner housing upper parts 20 and 24 caused by different thermal expansions , can adjust to the respective position of the connecting piece 32 relative to the valve housing 17.
  • the bolt end of the locking screw must also engage with play in the longitudinal axis of the bolt in the corresponding bore in the cylindrical shoulder 36 in order not to hinder the adjustment movement of the diffuser body.
  • a support ring 37 enclosing the diffuser body 18 with a small clearance can be provided, particularly in the case of long diffuser channels. This is clamped on its circumference in the sealing joint and can also serve as a guide for inserting the diffuser body into the turbine during assembly.
  • valves of the known types it is possible to carry out assembly and disassembly without having to dismantle lines leading from the valves into the turbine.
  • the valves of the known types it is not possible to remove them from the housing in horizontal installation because of the diffuser body protruding into the outer housing without having to also remove the lines leading to the valve.
  • the diffuser body cannot be pulled out, so that the valve must be pushed out of the turbine by a distance that is at least equal to the length of the part of the diffuser body protruding into the turbine.
  • this since, as mentioned, this is only possible after the line in front of the valve has been dismantled, the horizontal installation of such valves in two-case turbines is not possible because of the difficulties involved.
  • the diffuser body can be pulled out after loosening the locking screw 34, whereupon the upper part of the turbine housing can be removed for inspection.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Zweigehäuseturbine mit mindestens einem Ventil für horizontale Dampfzuführung nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a two-casing turbine with at least one valve for horizontal steam supply according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Üblicherweise sind die bei Dampfturbinen verwendeten Schnellschuss- und Stellventile ausserhalb des Turbinengehäuses getrennt von diesem angeordnet und mit dem Turbinengehäuse durch senkrecht in dasselbe einmündende Rohrkrümmer verbunden, wobei die Rohrkrümmer so geformt sind, dass sie elastische Verformungen zum Ausgleich der Wärmedehnungen zulassen, ohne dass hiebei unzulässig hohe Wärmespannungen auftreten. Bei dieser Auslegung erstrecken sich die Rohrkrümmer vom Turbinengehäuse aus weit nach oben mit entsprechendem Platzbedarf in der Halle, so dass solche grossen senkrechten Rohrkrümmer grosse Hallenhöhen mit entsprechenden Mehrkosten gegenüber einer niedrigeren Kraftwerkshalle verursachen. Die Rohrkrümmer selbst sind aber ebenfalls teuer und stellen zudem im Bereich der Flanschverbindungen wegen der hohen Dampfdrücke erhebliche Dichtungsprobleme. Um diese zu umgehen, hat man Stellventile in vertikaler Lage direkt am Oberteil des Turbinengehäuses angeflanscht oder an ihrem Gehäuseblock angeschweisst. Dabei besteht aber nach wie vor der Nachteil der grossen Bauhöhe.Usually, the quick-shot and control valves used in steam turbines are arranged separately from the turbine housing outside of the turbine housing and connected to the turbine housing by pipe elbows which open vertically into the turbine housing, the pipe elbows being shaped in such a way that they allow elastic deformations to compensate for the thermal expansions, without being impermissible high thermal stresses occur. With this design, the elbows extend from the turbine housing far upwards with a corresponding space requirement in the hall, so that such large vertical elbows cause large hall heights with corresponding additional costs compared to a lower power plant hall. The pipe elbows themselves are also expensive and also pose considerable sealing problems in the area of the flange connections due to the high vapor pressures. To avoid this, control valves were flanged in a vertical position directly on the upper part of the turbine housing or welded to their housing block. However, there is still the disadvantage of the large overall height.

Um diesen zu vermeiden, werden Stellventile, jedoch ausschliesslich bei Eingehäuseturbinen, ebenfalls am Oberteil des Gehäuses in waagrechter Lage direkt angeflanscht oder angeschweisst. Dies konnte aber bisher nur bei Eingehäuseturbinen praktiziert werden, weil nur bei diesen im Falle von Revisionen das oder die Ventile allein oder zusammen mit dem Gehäuse nach oben abgehoben werden können.To avoid this, control valves, but only for single-case turbines, are also flanged or welded directly to the upper part of the housing in a horizontal position. So far, however, this could only be practiced with single-case turbines, because only in the case of revisions can the valve or valves be lifted up alone or together with the case.

Bei Zweigehäuseturbinen, bei denen in dem von einem Innengehäusemantel und einem Aussengehäusemantel begrenzten Zwischenraum nur der Abdampfdruck herrscht, das Aussengehäuse demnach vom hohen Druck des Arbeitsdampfes entlastet ist, wurden die Stellventile entweder in senkrechter Lage direkt am Aussengehäuse befestigt und mit dem Innengehäuse beweglich dichtend verbunden oder es wurden die Ventile mit dem Innengehäuse über ein in dasselbe senkrecht einmündendes Rohr verbunden, das am Aussengehäuse angeflanscht war. Diese Anordnung ermöglicht es daher nicht, bei Revisionen den Gehäuseoberteil abzuheben, ohne auch die Zuleitungen und die zugehörigen Befestigungseinrichtungen entfernen zu müssen.In two-casing turbines, in which only the exhaust pressure prevails in the space delimited by an inner casing shell and an outer casing shell, so that the outer casing is relieved of the high pressure of the working steam, the control valves were either attached directly to the outer casing in a vertical position and connected to the inner casing in a movably sealing manner or the valves were connected to the inner housing by means of a pipe which ended vertically in the same and which was flanged onto the outer housing. This arrangement therefore does not make it possible to lift off the upper part of the housing during revisions without having to remove the supply lines and the associated fastening devices.

Ein Beispiel für eine solche senkrechte Anordnung eines Stellventils am Aussengehäuseoberteil einer Zweigehäuseturbine ist in der GB-A-813330 beschrieben. Dabei greift das Ventilgehäuse mit einem Zentrieransatz seines Anschlussflansches in einen Anschlussstutzen des Aussengehäuseoberteils ein und ein als Diffusor ausgebildeter zentraler Teil des Ventilgehäuses erstreckt sich bis zu einem Anschlussstutzen des Innengehäuses hinein, wo er dichtend umfasst ist. Die der vorliegenden Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe ist von einem waagrecht an eine Zweigehäuseturbine angebauten Ventil dieser Bauart nicht zu lösen. Um dabei nämlich den Aussengehäuseoberteil abheben zu können, müsste vorher das Ventil von der Dampfzuleitung getrennt werden, damit der zentrale Teil mit der Diffusorfunktion herausgezogen werden kann und der Gehäuseoberteil dadurch vom Innengehäuse frei wird.An example of such a vertical arrangement of a control valve on the outer casing upper part of a two-casing turbine is described in GB-A-813330. The valve housing engages with a centering shoulder of its connecting flange in a connecting piece of the outer housing upper part and a central part of the valve housing designed as a diffuser extends into a connecting piece of the inner housing, where it is sealed. The object on which the present invention is based cannot be achieved by a valve of this type which is mounted horizontally on a two-housing turbine. In order to be able to lift the upper part of the outer casing, the valve would have to be disconnected from the steam feed line beforehand so that the central part with the diffuser function can be pulled out and the upper part of the casing is thus clear of the inner casing.

Aus der DE-C-943052 ist ferner ein senkrecht in ein Gehäuse einer eingehäusigen Hochdruckdampfturbine eingebautes Ventil bekannt, bei dem der Diffusorkörper vom Ventilgehäuse, das den Ventilschliesskörper und dessen Betätigungselemente aufnimmt, baulich getrennt und innerhalb eines Anschlussstutzens des Turbinengehäuseoberteils untergebracht ist. Der Diffusorkörper liegt dabei mit einer ringförmigen Fläche eines Kragens im Anschlussstutzen auf und ist vom Gehäuseinneren her durch einen Zuflussstutzen, der ein Gewinde aufweist und eine Verbindungsleitung zwischen dem Diffusor und einer Düse vor einem Aktionsrad bildet, im Gehäuseoberteil verspannt. Ein mit dem Ventilgehäuse aus einem Stück bestehender Führungsteil für den Ventilschliesskörper ragt dabei in den Anschlussstutzen des Turbinengehäuseoberteils hinein, so dass allein schon deswegen ein solches Ventil bei waagrechter Anbringung an der Turbine sowohl vom Turbinengehäuse als auch von der Dampfzuleitung abgebaut werden müsste, um den Turbinengehäuseoberteil abheben zu können. Dies gilt für eine Eingehäuseturbine, für welche diese Dampfzuführung vorgesehen ist, umsomehr aber noch für eine Anwendung bei einer Zweigehäuseturbine, bei der noch die Elemente zwischen dem Aussen- und dem Innengehäuseoberteil entfernt werden müssten, was von ausserhalb der Turbine unmöglich ist, da der erwähnte Zuflussstutzen nur durch Abschrauben vom Inneren des Gehäuses aus entfernt werden kann.DE-C-943052 also discloses a valve installed vertically in a housing of a single-housing high-pressure steam turbine, in which the diffuser body is structurally separate from the valve housing, which receives the valve closing body and its actuating elements, and is accommodated within a connecting piece of the upper part of the turbine housing. The diffuser body rests with an annular surface of a collar in the connection piece and is braced in the upper part of the housing from the inside of the housing by an inflow piece which has a thread and forms a connecting line between the diffuser and a nozzle in front of an action wheel. A guide part for the valve closing body, which is made in one piece with the valve housing, projects into the connecting piece of the upper part of the turbine housing, so that for this reason alone, such a valve would have to be dismantled from the turbine housing and from the steam feed line in order to mount the upper part of the turbine housing to be able to take off. This applies to a single-casing turbine for which this steam supply is intended, but even more so for an application in a two-casing turbine in which the elements between the outer and the inner casing upper part would still have to be removed, which is impossible from outside the turbine since the turbine mentioned Inlet connection can only be removed by unscrewing from the inside of the housing.

Es besteht daher seit längerem das Bedürfnis nach einer Ventilausführung, die unter Vermeidung der erwähnten Zuleitungen zwischen Ventil und Turbinengehäuseoberteil direkt an diesem waagrecht angebaut werden kann und es ermöglicht, nach Abbau des Ventils den Turbinengehäuseoberteil ohne weiteres abzuheben.There has therefore been a need for a long time for a valve design which can be attached horizontally to the upper part of the turbine housing, avoiding the supply lines mentioned, and which enables the upper part of the turbine housing to be easily lifted off after the valve has been removed.

Mit der vorliegenden, im Patentanspruch 1 definierten Erfindung soll also bei Zweigehäuseturbinen vor allem der Nachteil vermieden werden, der darin besteht, dass die bisher verwendeten Ventile mit Rücksicht auf den Ausbau nur mit dazwischengeschalteten, senkrecht von oben in den Turbinengehäuseoberteil einmündenden Rohrkrümmern installiert werden können, was, wie gesagt, grössere und daher teurere Hallenhöhen bedingt. Durch die horizontale Anordnung der erfindungsgemässen Stellventile im Oberteil des Turbinengehäuses werden die Montage- und Demontagearbeiten erleichtert und damit auch die Revisionsarbeiten verbilligt.With the present invention defined in claim 1, the disadvantage of two-housing turbines, which consists in the fact that the valves used hitherto with regard to the expansion, can only be installed with interposed pipe elbows which open vertically from above into the upper part of the turbine housing, which, as I said, requires larger and therefore more expensive hall heights. The horizontal arrangement of the control valves according to the invention in the upper part of the turbine housing simplifies the assembly and disassembly work and thus also makes the revision work cheaper.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf in der Zeichnung dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiele näher beschrieben. In den Zeichnungen stellen dar:

  • Fig.1 eine perspektivische Gesamtdarstellung des Hochdruckteiles einer Dampfturbinenanlage mit je einem Paar von Schnellschluss- und Stellventilen,
  • Fig. einen Querschnitt durch den zweigehäusigen Hochdruckteil einer Dampfturbine mit zwei im Gehäuseoberteil vorgesehenen, direkt aufgeflanschten Stellventilen,
  • Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt durch den zweigehäusigen Hochdruckteil einer Dampfturbine mit je einem Stellventil im oberen und unteren Gehäuseteil, und die
  • Fig.4 in grösserem Massstab die Ausbildung eines Diffusorkörpers, wie er in den Fig. und 3 dargestellt ist.
The invention is in the following with reference to Ausfüh shown in the drawing Rungsbeispiele described in more detail. In the drawings:
  • 1 is an overall perspective view of the high-pressure part of a steam turbine system, each with a pair of quick-closing and control valves,
  • 1 shows a cross section through the two-casing high-pressure part of a steam turbine with two directly flanged control valves provided in the upper part of the casing,
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross section through the two-housing high-pressure part of a steam turbine, each with a control valve in the upper and lower housing part, and
  • Fig.4 on a larger scale the formation of a diffuser body, as shown in Figs. And 3.

In Fig. 1 bezeichnet 1 einen zweigehäusigen Hochdruckteil einer Dampfturbinenanlage mit je einer durch die Pfeile 2 und 3 angedeuteten Dampfzuführung in den Aussengehäuseoberteil 4 bzw. in den Aussengehäuseunterteil 5. Der vom Kessel gelieferte Dampf tritt bei 2 und 3 in Schnellschlussventile 6 bzw. 7 ein und gelangt bei geöffneten Ventilen 6 und 7 in Stellventile 8 und 9, durch welche der jeweils erforderliche Dampfstrom zur Turbine eingestellt und geregelt werden kann. Die Einstellung und Regelung der Stellventile erfolgt durch mit den Stellventilen baulich vereinigte Stellmotoren 10 und 11. Die Schnellschlussventile 6 und 7 werden durch Stellmotoren 12 und 13 betätigt, deren Aufgabe u.a. darin besteht, die Dampfzuleitung im Katastrophenfall schlagartig abzusperren.In FIG. 1, 1 denotes a two-housing high-pressure part of a steam turbine system, each with a steam supply indicated by the arrows 2 and 3 in the upper housing part 4 and in the lower housing part 5. The steam supplied by the boiler enters 2 and 3 in quick-closing valves 6 and 7, respectively and reaches with open valves 6 and 7 in control valves 8 and 9, through which the steam flow to the turbine can be adjusted and regulated. The setting and control of the control valves is carried out by servomotors 10 and 11 that are structurally combined with the control valves. The quick-closing valves 6 and 7 are actuated by servomotors 12 and 13, the task of which, among other things. is to shut off the steam supply suddenly in the event of a disaster.

Die Fig. zeigt einen senkrechten Querschnitt durch die Einlaufspirale einer Dampfturbine 14, wobei die Schnittebene senkrecht durch die Achsen von zwei am Aussengehäuseoberteil 20 angeschraubten Stellventilen 15 und 16 gelegt ist, von denen auf der linken Seite nur ein Teil des Ventilgehäuses 17 und der Diffusorkörper 18 dargestellt sind, auf der rechten Seite hingegen nur ein Teil des Diffusorkörpers 19. Bei dieser Turbine mit Vierfachspiraleneinlauf sind zwei der Stellventile, nämlich 15 und 16, auf gleicher Höhe am Aussengehäuseoberteil 20 befestigt, wogegen bei der Turbine nach Fig. 1 je ein Ventil am Aussengehäuseunterteil 5 vorgesehen ist. Für die zwei weiteren Einläufe sind bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 2 am Aussengehäuseunterteil 21 Befestigungsstellen vorgesehen zum Anbau von zwei nicht dargestellten Dampfzuleitungen, die zwei Stellventile mit den Anschlussstutzen 22 am Innengehäuseunterteil 23 verbinden.The figure shows a vertical cross section through the inlet spiral of a steam turbine 14, the sectional plane being placed perpendicularly through the axes of two control valves 15 and 16 screwed to the outer housing upper part 20, of which only a part of the valve housing 17 and the diffuser body 18 on the left side are shown, on the other hand, only a part of the diffuser body 19. In this turbine with a quadruple spiral inlet, two of the control valves, namely 15 and 16, are attached to the outer housing upper part 20 at the same height, whereas in the turbine according to FIG. 1, one valve each Outer housing lower part 5 is provided. For the two further inlets, in the embodiment according to FIG. 2, attachment points are provided on the outer housing lower part 21 for the attachment of two steam supply lines, not shown, which connect two control valves to the connecting pieces 22 on the inner housing lower part 23.

Bei dem links oben dargestellten, waagrecht eingebauten Stellventil 15 ist auch ein Teil des mit dem Ventilsitz am Diffusorkörper 18 zusammenwirkenden Ventilschliesskörpers 25 dargestellt.In the horizontally installed control valve 15 shown at the top left, part of the valve closing body 25 interacting with the valve seat on the diffuser body 18 is also shown.

Die Fig.3 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch eine zweigehäusige Dampfturbine mit Doppeleinlauf und je einem waagrecht angebauten Stellventil am Aussengehäuseoberteil und Aussengehäuseunterteil. Den zur Ausführung nach Fig. 2 analogen Teilen sind in Fig. die gleichen Bezugszahlen zugeordnet. Aus Fig. 4, die den Einbau des in Fig. 2 links oben angeordneten Stellventils 15 in grösserem Massstab zeigt, geht die genaue Gestaltung des Diffusorkörpers 18 und seine Lage gegenüber dem Ventilgehäuse 17 und dem Innengehäuseoberteil 24 hervor. Der voll ausgezogene Umriss des Diffusorkörpers definiert eine erste Ausführungsform, bei der ein ringförmiger Kragen im Bereich des Ventilsitzes 27 eine Aussenkegelfläche 28 aufweist, die an einer entsprechenden Innenkegelfläche im Ventilgehäuse 17 anliegt. In diesem Falle schliesst sich stromabwärts des Kragens 26 ein zylindrischer Absatz 29 an, der im kalten Zustand des Ventils mit einer engen Spielpassung in einer entsprechenden Bohrung des Ventilgehäuses 17 sitzt. Stromabwärts dieses zylindrischen Absatzes 29 schliesst sich ein langer, aussen zylindrischer Diffusorteil 30 an, der am inneren Ende in einem Führungszapfen 31 von kleinerem Durchmesser endet. Dieser ist innerhalb eines Anschlussstutzens 32 des Innengehäuseoberteils 24 der Turbine in einer schematisch dargestellten Kolbenringdichtung 33 bekannter Bauart längs- und querverschieblich geführt, so dass eine unbehinderte Wärmedehnung möglich ist.3 shows a cross section through a two-casing steam turbine with a double inlet and a horizontally mounted control valve on the upper part of the outer casing and the lower part of the outer casing. The same reference numerals are assigned to the parts analogous to the embodiment according to FIG. 2 in FIG. 4, which shows the installation of the control valve 15 arranged at the top left in FIG. 2 on a larger scale, shows the exact design of the diffuser body 18 and its position relative to the valve housing 17 and the inner housing upper part 24. The fully drawn outline of the diffuser body defines a first embodiment, in which an annular collar in the region of the valve seat 27 has an outer conical surface 28 which bears against a corresponding inner conical surface in the valve housing 17. In this case, downstream of the collar 26, there is a cylindrical shoulder 29 which, when the valve is cold, sits with a close clearance fit in a corresponding bore in the valve housing 17. Downstream of this cylindrical shoulder 29 is a long, externally cylindrical diffuser part 30, which ends at the inner end in a guide pin 31 of smaller diameter. This is guided longitudinally and transversely displaceably within a connecting piece 32 of the inner housing upper part 24 of the turbine in a schematically illustrated piston ring seal 33 of a known type, so that unhindered thermal expansion is possible.

Im Bereich des zylindrischen Absatzes 29 des Diffusorkörpers ist im Gehäuse 17 eine Sicherungsschraube 34 vorgesehen, die mit axialem Spiel in eine Anbohrung 35 im zylindrischen Absatz 29 eingreift und ein Verschieben des Diffusorkörpers 18 im kalten Zustand der Turbine verhindert, wenn der Diffusorkörper im Ventilgehäuse nicht festsitzt. Damit im Betrieb der Turbine der Diffusorkörper 18 im Ventilgehäuse 17 absolut fest und dampfdicht sitzt, besteht das Ventilgehäuse 17 aus Ferritguss, der Diffusorkörper 18 dagegen aus austenitischem Stahl, dessen Wärmedehnzahl grösser ist als jene des Ferritgusses, so dass infolge der engen Passung des Diffusorkörpers im Ventilgehäuse der Diffusorkörper bei warmer Turbine im Ventilgehäuse festgeklemmt ist. Bei erkalteter Turbine wird der Diffusorkörper im Ventilgehäuse wieder locker, so dass er bei einer Demontage des Ventils ohne Schwierigkeiten herausgezogen werden kann.In the area of the cylindrical shoulder 29 of the diffuser body, a locking screw 34 is provided in the housing 17, which engages with axial play in a bore 35 in the cylindrical shoulder 29 and prevents displacement of the diffuser body 18 when the turbine is cold when the diffuser body is not stuck in the valve housing . So that during operation of the turbine, the diffuser body 18 sits absolutely firmly and vapor-tight in the valve housing 17, the valve housing 17 is made of cast ferrite, the diffuser body 18, on the other hand, is made of austenitic steel, the thermal expansion coefficient of which is greater than that of the cast iron, so that due to the close fit of the diffuser body in the Valve housing the diffuser body is clamped in the valve housing when the turbine is warm. When the turbine has cooled down, the diffuser body in the valve housing becomes loose again, so that it can be pulled out without difficulty when the valve is dismantled.

Bei einer zweiten Ausführungsform wird anstelle des praktisch spielfrei im Ventilgehäuse eingebauten zylindrischen Absatzes 29 ein zylindrischer Absatz 36 mit grösserem Spiel gegenüber der Bohrung im Ventilgehäuse vorgesehen, dessen Umriss durch die strichpunktierten Linien angedeutet ist. Die Auflageschulter kann dabei in gleicher Weise wie bei der erstgenannten Ausführung kegelförmig oder aber als ebene ringförmige Auflagefläche ausgebildet sein.In a second embodiment, instead of the cylindrical shoulder 29 installed practically free of play in the valve housing, a cylindrical shoulder 36 is provided with greater play relative to the bore in the valve housing, the outline of which is indicated by the dash-dotted lines. The support shoulder can be conical in the same way as in the first-mentioned embodiment, or it can be designed as a flat, annular support surface.

Diese Ausführung sorgt im Verein mit dem sphärisch ausgebildeten Ventilschliesskörper 25, der mit der nicht dargestellten Ventilspindel beweglich verbunden ist, dafür, dass sich der Diffusorkörper bei durch unterschiedliche Wärmedehnungen verursachten Relativbewegungen zwischen Aussen- und Innengehäuseoberteil 20 bzw. 24 ohne Verspannung, d. h., ohne Deformation, auf die jeweilige Lage des Anschlussstutzens-32 gegenüber dem Ventilgehäuse 17 einstellen kann. Das Bolzenende der Sicherungsschraube muss bei dieser Ausführung ebenfalls mit Spiel in der Bolzenlängsachse in die entsprechende Anbohrung im zylindrischen Absatz 36 eingreifen, um die Einstellbewegung des Diffusorkörpers nicht zu behindern.This design, in conjunction with the spherical valve closing body 25, which is movably connected to the valve spindle (not shown), ensures that the diffuser body is free from tension, that is to say without deformation, in the event of relative movements between the outer and inner housing upper parts 20 and 24 caused by different thermal expansions , can adjust to the respective position of the connecting piece 32 relative to the valve housing 17. In this embodiment, the bolt end of the locking screw must also engage with play in the longitudinal axis of the bolt in the corresponding bore in the cylindrical shoulder 36 in order not to hinder the adjustment movement of the diffuser body.

In der Dichtfuge zwischen dem Aussengehäuseoberteil 20 und dem Ventilgehäuse 17 kann, besonders bei langen Diffusorkanälen, ein den Diffusorkörper 18 mit kleinem Spiel umschliessender Stützring 37 vorgesehen sein. Dieser ist an seinem Umfang in der Dichtfuge eingespannt und kann bei der Montage auch als Führung zum Einschieben des Diffusorkörpers in die Turbine dienen.In the sealing joint between the outer housing part 20 and the valve housing 17, a support ring 37 enclosing the diffuser body 18 with a small clearance can be provided, particularly in the case of long diffuser channels. This is clamped on its circumference in the sealing joint and can also serve as a guide for inserting the diffuser body into the turbine during assembly.

Mit dieser Ventilbauart ist es möglich, Montagen und Demontagen durchzuführen, ohne dabei von den Ventilen in die Turbine führende Leitungen abbauen zu müssen. Bei den Ventilen der bekannten Bauarten ist es bei horizontalem Einbau wegen des in das Aussengehäuse hineinragenden Diffusorkörpers nicht möglich, sie vom Gehäuse abzubauen, ohne auch die zum Ventil führenden Leitungen abbauen zu müssen. Bei ein-' gebautem Ventil lässt sich der Diffusorkörper nämlich nicht herausziehen, so dass das Ventil um eine Strecke, die mindestens gleich der Länge des in die Turbine hineinragenden Teiles des Diffusorkörpers ist, aus der Turbine herausverschoben werden muss. Da dies aber, wie gesagt, nur nach Abbau der Leitung vor dem Ventil möglich ist, verbietet sich wegen der damit verbundenen Schwierigkeiten der horizontale Einbau solcher Ventile bei zweigehäusigen Turbinen.With this type of valve, it is possible to carry out assembly and disassembly without having to dismantle lines leading from the valves into the turbine. With the valves of the known types, it is not possible to remove them from the housing in horizontal installation because of the diffuser body protruding into the outer housing without having to also remove the lines leading to the valve. When the valve is installed, the diffuser body cannot be pulled out, so that the valve must be pushed out of the turbine by a distance that is at least equal to the length of the part of the diffuser body protruding into the turbine. However, since, as mentioned, this is only possible after the line in front of the valve has been dismantled, the horizontal installation of such valves in two-case turbines is not possible because of the difficulties involved.

Bei einem Ventil gemäss vorliegender Erfindung dagegen kann nach Demontage des aus Fig. 1 ersichtlichen Stellmotors und der Ventileinbauten der Diffusorkörper nach Lösen der Sicherungsschraube 34 herausgezogen werden, worauf der Turbinengehäuseoberteil zwecks Revision abgebaut werden kann.In the case of a valve according to the present invention, on the other hand, after dismantling the servomotor shown in FIG. 1 and the valve internals, the diffuser body can be pulled out after loosening the locking screw 34, whereupon the upper part of the turbine housing can be removed for inspection.

Claims (5)

1. Double casing turbine with at least one valve (8, 9; 15, 16) for horizontal steam supply, having an external casing (4+5) and an internal casing (23+24), the valve (8, 9; 15, 16) being flanged horizontally with a plane flange connection surface to the external casing (4+5) and having a valve housing (17) which accepts a diffuser body (18) with a valve seat (27) and a valve closing body (25) which is functionally connected to an actuator (10, 11; 12, 13) flanged onto the valve housing (17), the diffuser body (18) also having a collar (26), having a convex contact surface (28) in the region of the valve seat (27), which collar (26) is followed, seen in the flow direction, by a cylindrical shoulder (29; 36) and a cylindrical diffuser part (30) of smaller diameter, characterized in that the cylindrical diffuser part (30) ends in a guide spigot (31), which is sealed so that it can have a translatory movement in an annular seal (33) in an end support (32) of the internal casing (23+24), that the convex contact surface (28) of the diffuser body (18) is supported on a concave support surface in the valve housing (17) corresponding to the former contact surface, and that the smallest clear cross-section within the valve housing (17) is designed in such a way that the diffuser body (18), after removal of the actuator (10; 11; 12; 13) and the elements in the valve housing (17), can be withdrawn from its operating position at least sufficiently far in the direction of the valve closing body (25) for the end surface of the guide spigot (31) to come to rest in the flange connection plane of the valve housing (17) so that the upper part of the external casing (4) can be raised.
2. Double casing turbine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the valve housing (17) consists of ferritic cast iron and the diffuser body (18) consists of austenitic steel whose thermal expansion coefficient is larger than that of the ferritic cast iron and that the cylindrical shoulder (29) sits with a close fit in the corresponding bore of the valve housing in such a way that, when the turbine has been heated, the diffuser body (18) expands to a greater extent than the valve housing (17) and the diffuser body (18) consequently becomes fixed in the valve housing (17).
3. Double casing turbine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the convex contact surface of the collar (26) is an external spherical zone and that the cylindrical shoulder (36) sits with a large clearance in the corresponding bore of the valve housing (17) in such a way that the diffuser body (18) can follow relative movements between the external casing (20) and the internal casing (24) of the turbine.
4. Double casing turbine according to Claim 1, characterized by a locking screw (34) in the valve housing (17), the cylindrically shaped end of which locking screw engages in a bore (35) in the cylindrical shoulder (29) in order to prevent axial displacement of the diffuser body (18).
5. Double casing turbine according to Claim 1, characterized by a support ring (37) for the diffuser body (18) on the flange sealing surface of the valve housing (17).
EP84105095A 1983-06-09 1984-05-05 Double casing turbine with at least one valve for the horizontal supply of steam Expired EP0128343B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH3164/83 1983-06-09
CH3164/83A CH665450A5 (en) 1983-06-09 1983-06-09 VALVE FOR HORIZONTAL STEAM FEEDING ON TWO HOUSING TURBINES.

Publications (2)

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EP0128343A1 EP0128343A1 (en) 1984-12-19
EP0128343B1 true EP0128343B1 (en) 1987-07-15

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EP84105095A Expired EP0128343B1 (en) 1983-06-09 1984-05-05 Double casing turbine with at least one valve for the horizontal supply of steam

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US (1) US4642025A (en)
EP (1) EP0128343B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS606004A (en)
CH (1) CH665450A5 (en)
CS (1) CS259519B2 (en)
DE (1) DE3464782D1 (en)
PL (1) PL145914B1 (en)
YU (1) YU43572B (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
YU94484A (en) 1988-12-31
EP0128343A1 (en) 1984-12-19
PL248097A1 (en) 1985-01-30
CS259519B2 (en) 1988-10-14
JPH0377367B2 (en) 1991-12-10
DE3464782D1 (en) 1987-08-20
CH665450A5 (en) 1988-05-13
CS432884A2 (en) 1987-12-17
US4642025A (en) 1987-02-10
YU43572B (en) 1989-08-31
JPS606004A (en) 1985-01-12
PL145914B1 (en) 1988-11-30

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