EP0121896B1 - Procédé pour et dispostif à cintrer des matériaux en forme de barre - Google Patents

Procédé pour et dispostif à cintrer des matériaux en forme de barre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0121896B1
EP0121896B1 EP84103662A EP84103662A EP0121896B1 EP 0121896 B1 EP0121896 B1 EP 0121896B1 EP 84103662 A EP84103662 A EP 84103662A EP 84103662 A EP84103662 A EP 84103662A EP 0121896 B1 EP0121896 B1 EP 0121896B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bending
mandrel
crank
slide
slides
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84103662A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0121896A3 (en
EP0121896A2 (fr
EP0121896B2 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Zahlaus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ruhl Heinz
Original Assignee
Ruhl Heinz
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Application filed by Ruhl Heinz filed Critical Ruhl Heinz
Priority to AT84103662T priority Critical patent/ATE30861T1/de
Publication of EP0121896A2 publication Critical patent/EP0121896A2/fr
Publication of EP0121896A3 publication Critical patent/EP0121896A3/de
Publication of EP0121896B1 publication Critical patent/EP0121896B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D11/00—Bending not restricted to forms of material mentioned in only one of groups B21D5/00, B21D7/00, B21D9/00; Bending not provided for in groups B21D5/00 - B21D9/00; Twisting
    • B21D11/10—Bending specially adapted to produce specific articles, e.g. leaf springs
    • B21D11/12—Bending specially adapted to produce specific articles, e.g. leaf springs the articles being reinforcements for concrete
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S72/00—Metal deforming
    • Y10S72/702—Overbending to compensate for springback

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for bending rod-shaped reinforcement steels according to the preambles of claims I and 4.
  • US-A-3805576 shows a device for bending rod-shaped materials, which comprises two bending slides, each comprising a bending mandrel, a bending crank and drive elements.
  • a device for holding the rod-shaped material is provided in addition to the bending slide.
  • the drive elements of the bending slides can be operated independently of one another.
  • DC-B-1 552970 describes a machine for bending reinforcing steels which comprises immovable bending slides corresponding to the number of bends to be made.
  • a holding element in the form of a pusher is assigned to each bending slide, which is intended to prevent the reinforcing steel to be bent from moving.
  • the object of the present invention is to design a method and a device according to the preambles of claims 1 and 4 in such a way that a largely automatic bending process takes place, by means of which end products are made available which have a high degree of accuracy with regard to the desired final shape. It should be ensured that a bending process is possible without special design effort, without the risk of the rod-shaped material slipping in an uncontrolled manner.
  • the device should also be structurally simple and easy to use, so that even untrained personnel can operate it.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that after the bending of one end of the reinforcing steel during the further bending processes, a section of the reinforcing steel alternately between the crank and the mandrel is fixed in both directions by one of the bending slides in the region of two legs describing an angle to one another, during which Concrete reinforcement steel non-adherent bending slide which bends or moves concrete reinforcement steel along this.
  • the steel materials to be cold-formed by the bending machine are immovably held by one of the bending slides during bending in the machine, without additional holding devices being required.
  • This ensures that the materials receive the desired geometry with a low tolerance.
  • the fact that the bending slides have the task of holding the materials to be deformed or deforming them to the desired extent results in a recognizable simple construction which not only shows ease of maintenance, but also ensures that there is little susceptibility to malfunction.
  • the process of the carriage or the holding of the materials by the carriage can be program-controlled without the need for further explanations. As a result, the bending process can take place automatically after the machine has been programmed so that the bending slides take the required positions in the desired cycle sequence in order to either hold the material firmly or to bend it.
  • the bending slides are arranged in a single hydraulic circuit, wherein both the displacement movement of the bending slides and the rotary movement of the bending cranks around the bending mandrels can take place completely independently of one another.
  • the individual drive elements can be supplied with operating fluid, the translational movement of the bending slides preferably taking place via hydraulic motors, the output movement of which is rotational, whereas the rotary movement of the bending cranks via hydraulic cylinders takes place, the straight-line output movement is converted into a rotary movement by means of a chain gripped at one end by a spring element.
  • a reduction in tension in the leg held immovably by a bending slide is achieved by twisting the bending crank in such a way that «opening» to an extent that corresponds approximately to the elastic deformation of the material.
  • a device in particular intended for carrying out the method described above, is characterized in that the bending slides are designed as devices for holding the rod-shaped concrete reinforcing steel in such a way that one of the bending slides immovably holds the concrete reinforcing steel in a section in which the intersection of two material legs, the bending mandrel being positioned on the inside at the intersection of the legs and the bending crank on the outside on the legs angled from the longitudinal axis of the material coinciding with the direction of movement of the bending slide.
  • the drive elements arranged in a hydraulic circuit for the translatory movement of the bending slides and the rotary movement of the bending cranks are thus provided men that the operating fluid coming from the pump first acts on the drive elements for the translational movement one after the other, in order subsequently to flow through the drive elements for the rotary movement of the bending cranks if necessary.
  • the elements can be activated completely independently of one another.
  • the drive elements react extremely promptly to pressurization or pressure drop, so that there is a further guarantee that the final shapes of the bent rod-shaped materials have the desired geometry with small tolerances.
  • they include an eccentrically mounted roller mandrel, which is preferably held immovably in the desired position by means of two counter-rotating threads, so that regardless of the force acting on it, i.e. regardless of whether the roller mandrel makes a right or a left turn , it is ensured that there is no unwanted movement.
  • the roll mandrel itself is held by a cylindrical disk or rod projecting from the shaft connected to the hydraulic drive, the shaft axis coinciding with the axis of the bending mandrel.
  • the roll mandrel is arranged on an eccentric disk which is connected to the bending crank by means of a pin.
  • the eccentric disc can be rotated to set different positions in relation to the mandrel.
  • spacer elements such as block screws extend from the eccentric disc and support the eccentric disc against an assigned surface of the bending crank.
  • the thread of the pin of the eccentric disc is selected so that the eccentric disc is to be tightened during the bending process, but is compensated for by the spacer elements. This ensures that a set position of the bending roller is always maintained.
  • This proposal can also be implemented in other bending machines.
  • the bending mandrel itself preferably comprises a fixed mandrel to be provided with interchangeable attachments (bending templates), so that there is the advantage that there is a slight adaptation to different thicknesses of the materials.
  • the device according to the invention can be used e.g. a processing line can be used, which comprises a cutting device cutting the material and a buffer provided between it and that preferably in the form of a roller conveyor. This clearly results in another not negligible advantage in terms of throughput.
  • a bending machine 10 is schematically shown in plan view, which comprises a horizontally lying processing table 12.
  • two bending carriages 14 and 16 are slidably arranged in the longitudinal direction of the processing table 12, by means of which steel materials 18, preferably rod-shaped, to be introduced into the bending machine 10 are to be bent, as described in more detail below.
  • These bars 18 enter the machine from a material store 20, wherein a plurality of bars 18 can be bent simultaneously by means of the bending slide 14 and 16.
  • the material store 20 can be part of a processing line shown schematically in FIG. 3, which is arranged between the bending machine 10 and a bar cutting machine 22.
  • the rod cutting machine can obey a principle as described in German patent application 3206673 by the same applicant.
  • the use of the machine 10 in a processing line has the advantage that there is a high throughput without the need for further explanations.
  • the bending machine 10 can be programmed via a keyboard 24 so as to cold-deform the materials 18 to the desired extent.
  • the work surface 12 has a slot that runs vertically or almost vertically to accommodate several round materials to be arranged one above the other, which is laterally delimited by the bending slides 14 and 16.
  • a con tainer 26 indicated, into which the bent materials 29 can be thrown by hand.
  • an automatic ejection device is integrated in the machine 10.
  • Each bending slide 14 or 16 consists of a bending crank 28, a bending mandrel 30 and a drive 32, 34, 36 and 38.
  • the bending crank 28 moves at a distance around the bending mandrel 30. Between the bending crank 28 and the bending mandrel 30 there are then materials to be deformed.
  • the bending crank 28 comprises an eccentrically mounted roller mandrel 40 which can optionally be rotated about its axis and which is immovably fixed via two opposing threads 42 and 44 in the desired position (infinitely adjustable axis distance bending roller 40, bending mandrel 30), so that it is independent a loosening of the mandrel 40 cannot take place from the direction of rotation of the bending curve 28.
  • the bending crank 28 is also received eccentrically by a shaft 46 which is connected to one of the hydraulic cylinders 36 or 38.
  • the longitudinal movement of the hydraulic cylinder 36 or 38 is converted into the desired rotary movement by means of a chain 48.
  • the chain 48 cooperating with the shaft 46 is connected at one end to the hydraulic cylinder 36 or 38 and at the other end via a spring-biased element 50. The exact structure and the mode of operation can easily be seen from FIG. 4.
  • the translational movement of the bending slide 14 or 16 itself preferably takes place via hydraulic motors 32 and 34 with a rotary output movement.
  • Both the hydraulic cylinders 36 and 38 and the hydraulic motors 32 and 34 are located in a hydraulic circuit 52, as is clearly shown in FIG. 2. This has the advantage that all drive means can be operated with a single unit, so that complex monitoring and control devices are not required: But even if only a single hydraulic circuit is required, it is nevertheless ensured that all drive means 32 to 38 can be operated completely independently of one another.
  • the individual drive means 32, 34, 36, 38 in the circuit 52 are now arranged as follows.
  • the first hydraulic motor 32 is located behind the pump 56 conveying the operating medium 54.
  • the second hydraulic motor 34 is arranged in a circuit-like manner behind the first hydraulic motor 32.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 38 and 36 then follow in order to close the circuit.
  • the connection between the circuit 52 and the drive elements 32 to 38 is made via solenoid valves 58, 60, 62 and 64. If all valves 58 to 64 are closed, the operating means 54 runs freely in the circuit 52. Now e.g.
  • valve 60 If the valve 60 is activated in such a way that a connection to the hydraulic motor 32 takes place — a connection PB / AT or PA / BT is consequently established — the valves 62, 64 and 58, which are otherwise not activated, can continue to flow back directly without pressure. However, if the valve 62 is also actuated, that is to say if both bending slides 14 and 16 are to be displaced at the same time, the hydraulic motor 34 is acted upon by the return fluid of the motor 32 without the independence of the actuation being canceled thereby. Accordingly, the return fluid of the engine 34 can act on the hydraulic cylinders 38/36.
  • the bending mandrel 70 is then located on the inside at the intersection of the legs of the material 66 which describe an angle to one another, and the bending crank 74 is located on the outside of the angled end section 68.
  • the right end 76 of the material 66 can then be bent to the desired extent.
  • a bending crank 78 is in turn rotated around a bending mandrel 80.
  • the bending crank 78 returns to its starting position and the bending slide 82 comprising the mandrel 80 and the bending crank 78 is moved from the position B to the position C.
  • a bending process can then be carried out again, so that the material 66, viewed from its center 84, has the desired geometric figure with regard to its right side.
  • the material 66 is then held in its upper position (reference numeral 86) by the bending slide 82 between the bending mandrel 18 and the bending crank 78.
  • the bending slide 88 comprising the bending mandrel 70 and the bending crank 72 is actuated in such a way that the bending crank 74 is turned back into its starting position, so that a method of Bending carriage 88 can take place from position A to position D.
  • the bending crank 72 is then rotated around the bending mandrel 70 (reference number 90), so that the material 66 then has the desired bending shape.
  • the bending cranks are then turned back from the positions 86 and 90 to the basic position so that the material can be removed from the slides 82 and 88.
  • the slides are then moved back to positions A and B so that the same bending process can be carried out with new material.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 show other bending shapes by way of example, the bending process being carried out in the corresponding sequence in steps D ', E, F, G, H, I, K, L and M, N, 0, P, R, S is done.
  • the respective material is immovably fixed during the bending processes E, F, G, H or N, 0, P by the bending slide in the position D 'or M, whereas in the bending processes I, K and L or R and S a Set in position H or P is done.
  • the shaped materials are removed from the bending slide so that they can be moved back into their basic position, that is to say D ', E or M, N.
  • FIG. 9 A bending process is schematically shown once again in FIG. 9, which corresponds to that of FIGS. 6 to 8 in the course of the method.
  • the dashed representation of the right leg 92 should make it clear that when a closed figure is formed, relaxation takes place such that the leg 92 is moved to the right by turning the bending crank 94 back, so that when the left leg 96 is bent in the direction of the Leg 92 an undesirable further deformation of this can not take place.
  • the leg 92 is relaxed to the extent and thus the bending crank 94 is turned back, as corresponds to the elastic deformation. This ensures that overbending cannot occur when the leg ends 98 or 100 collide, so that the cold-formed end product also shows the desired geometry.
  • the relaxation is fundamentally dependent on the strength of the materials to be bent, experience has shown that turning the bending crank 94 back by 15 ° brings about a relaxation which ensures that the overbending to be avoided is ruled out for almost all conventional materials of normal strength .
  • FIG. 12 shows a design of a bending crank 102 which is particularly noteworthy and which can be rotated about a bending mandrel 108.
  • the bending mandrel 108 is the end of a fixed shaft 109, which in turn is arranged non-rotatably via a thread 110 in a section of the bending slide housing 112.
  • Interchangeable bending templates 104 can be placed on the bending mandrel 108 and are held non-rotatably on the bending mandrel 108, for example, by a feather key 106 or elements having the same effect.
  • the bending crank 102 is now rotated about the shaft 109, the bending crank 102 being supported via a hollow cylinder section 116 via bearings 114 on the shaft 108 and via bearings 118 relative to the housing 112. Furthermore, the hollow cylinder section 116 has a drive pinion 120, via which the bending crank 102 is rotated in the manner described above.
  • the bending crank 102 now has an eccentric to the axis of rotation a mandrel 122 which is fixedly connected to an eccentric disk 126 via a pin 124.
  • the roller mandrel 122 can be rotatably mounted about the pin 124.
  • the mandrel 104 is arranged non-rotatably.
  • the eccentric disk 126 is connected to a leg 132 projecting from the hollow cylinder 116 by means of an eccentric pin 136 , the thread of which is selected such that when the bending crank 102 is turned to bend the material 18 to be inserted between the mandrel 122 and the mandrel 108 or the bending template 104, the eccentric disc 126 is tightened without changing the position of the bending roller.
  • spacer elements 134 protrude from the side of the eccentric disk facing the bending crank 102, by means of which the eccentric disk is fixed on the opposite section 132 of the bending crank 102 without play.
  • the pin 136 of the eccentric disk 126 is secured when the pin 136 is frictionally locked by means of roller mandrel 126 with the material 18 to be located between the latter and the bending template 128. (For example, the bending crank is counter-clockwise rotated, the slope of the eccentric mandrel is clockwise).
  • the bending crank 102 with the bending mandrel 122 is now rotated on a circle X 1 around the shaft 108 as the center point, the radius of the roller mandrel 120 depending on its position relative to the center point M being greater or smaller than X 1 .
  • the radius X 2 is smaller than X 1
  • the radius X 3 is larger than X 1 .
  • the bending templates 128 and 130 can have different diameters.
  • a counter bearing 136 is also shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 in order to keep the materials 18 in a horizontal position in the exemplary embodiment during bending with respect to the section not to be deformed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
  • Wire Processing (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Procédé de cintrage de barres d'acier (18, 66) pour armatures au moyen de deux chariots de cintrage (14, 16, 82, 88) comprenant chacun un mandrin de cintrage fixe (30, 70, 80,104,108,128, 130), une manivelle de cintrage (28, 72, 78, 102), ainsi que divers éléments d'entraînement (32, 34, 36,38), caractérisé par le fait, qu'après le cintrage d'une extrémité de la barre d'acier (68) et pour les opérations de cintrage consécutives, une portion de la barre est fermement calée entre la manivelle (28, 72, 78, 102) et le mandrin de cintrage (30, 70, 80, 104, 108, 128, 130), dans les deux sens entre deux branches (68, 66, 76, 66) formant angle, par l'un des chariots de cintrage, alors que l'autre chariot de cintrage, c'est-à-dire celui ne calant pas la barre d'acier, cintre cette dernière ou est déplacé le long de celle-ci.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait, que les éléments d'entraînement (32, 34, 36, 38) des chariots de cintrage (14,16, 82, 88) ne sont asservis que par un seul circuit hydraulique (52).
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait, que, en particulier à la déformation du matériau pour en former une figure fermée, comme par exemple un quadrilatère, et avant le cintrage du dernier côté (96), la manivelle de cintrage (94) du chariot maintenant fermement la barre en place, est soumise à un tel couple de torsion qu'il en résulte un soulagement de tension sur le côté fermement maintenu (92) en place, soulagement de tension qui correspond à la déformation élastique du matériau (figure 9).
4. Dispositif de cintrage de barres d'acier (18, 66) pour armatures au moyen de deux chariots de cintrage (14, 16, 82, 88) comprenant chacun un mandrin de cintrage fixe (30, 70, 80, 104, 108, 128, 130), une manivelle rotative de cintrage (28, 72, 78, 94, 102), divers éléments d'entraînement (32, 34, 36, 38), ainsi que des dispositifs destinés à maintenir la barre d'acier en place pour réaliser le procédé défini par la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait, que les chariots de cintrage (14, 16, 82, 88) en tant que dispositifs de maintien des barres d'acier sont prévus de manière à ce que l'un des chariots de cintrage (14 ou 16; 88 ou 82) maintient fermement la barre d'acier (18, 66) en une section dans laquelle se trouve l'intersection de deux branches du matériau, le mandrin de cintrage (30, 70, 80, 104, 108, 128, 130) étant positionné dans l'intersection de branches et la manivelle de cintrage (28, 72, 74, 90, 78, 86, 94, 102, 122) à l'extérieur sur les branches coudées (68, 76, 92) sur l'axe longitudinal coincidant avec la direction de déplacement des chariots de cintrage.
5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait, que les éléments d'entraînement (32,34,36,38) des chariots de cintrage (14,16,82, 88) ne sont asservis que par un seul circuit hydraulique (52) qui sert à les actionner.
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait, que les éléments d'entraînement (32, 34, 36, 38) peuvent être tous actionnés simultanément ou séparément indépendamment l'un de l'autre.
7. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait, que les éléments d'entraînement (32,36; 34, 38) des chariots de cintrage (14,16, 82, 88) sont disposés de telle sorte dans le circuit hydraulique (52) que le liquide (54) provenant de la pompe (56) charge d'abord l'un après l'autre les éléments de commande (32, 34) pour le mouvement de translation.
8. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait, que la manivelle de cintrage (28, 102) comprend une broche rotative (40, 122) logée de façon excentrique pour modifier l'écart entre l'axe de la broche (122) et l'axe de rotation (46,108) de la manivelle de cintrage (28,102) (fig. 12).
9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait, que la broche rotative (122, 124) part d'un disque à excentrique (126) disposée de façon rotative dans la manivelle de cintrage (102, 132) et pouvant être appuyée moyennant des éléments d'espacement (134) contre une surface (135) de la manivelle de cintrage, le tourillon présentant un pas de vis opposé au sens de rotation de la manivelle de cintrage.
10. Dispositif essentiellement selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait, que le mandrin de cintrage (30, 70, 80) comprend un mandrin-mère (108) muni de pièces rapportées (104, 128, 130) interchangeables.
11. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait, que le plan de travail (12) du dispositif (10) est disposé à l'horizontale ou presque à l'horizontale et est muni d'une fente verticale ou presque verticale, limitée latéralement par les chariots de cintrage (14,16, 82, 88), pour recevoir plusieurs barres en acier pour armatures superposées (18,66) (fig. 1).
EP84103662A 1983-04-06 1984-04-04 Procédé pour et dispostif à cintrer des matériaux en forme de barre Expired - Lifetime EP0121896B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84103662T ATE30861T1 (de) 1983-04-06 1984-04-04 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum biegen von stabfoermigen materialien.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833312397 DE3312397A1 (de) 1983-04-06 1983-04-06 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum biegen von stabfoermigen materialien
DE3312397 1983-04-06

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0121896A2 EP0121896A2 (fr) 1984-10-17
EP0121896A3 EP0121896A3 (en) 1985-01-23
EP0121896B1 true EP0121896B1 (fr) 1987-11-19
EP0121896B2 EP0121896B2 (fr) 1991-12-18

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EP84103662A Expired - Lifetime EP0121896B2 (fr) 1983-04-06 1984-04-04 Procédé pour et dispostif à cintrer des matériaux en forme de barre

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US (1) US4702097A (fr)
EP (1) EP0121896B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE30861T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3312397A1 (fr)

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FR2900078B1 (fr) * 2006-04-24 2008-06-13 Numalliance Soc Par Actions Si Machine de pliage de fil combinant un dispositif de faconnage sequentiel et un dispositif mettant en oeuvre une plaque d'outillages
JP4626623B2 (ja) * 2007-03-12 2011-02-09 トヨタ自動車株式会社 平角材のエッジワイズ曲げ加工方法、及び加工装置
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GB1463522A (en) * 1974-09-11 1977-02-02 Russel Bowen Systems Ltd Bending machines
AT338071B (de) * 1974-12-16 1977-07-25 Evg Entwicklung Verwert Ges Biegemaschine fur stabformiges material, insbesondere fur betonbewehrungsstabe
IT1137724B (it) * 1981-07-10 1986-09-10 Mec Montorfano Di Montorfano V Unita' di curvatura per tubi e fili in metallo e procedimento di messa in esercizio dell'unita
DE3206673A1 (de) 1982-02-25 1983-09-01 Helmut 6230 Kriftel Zahlaus Vorrichtung zum zuschneiden von stabfoermigen materialien

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3467519D1 (en) 1987-12-23
EP0121896A3 (en) 1985-01-23
ATE30861T1 (de) 1987-12-15
EP0121896A2 (fr) 1984-10-17
EP0121896B2 (fr) 1991-12-18
DE3312397A1 (de) 1984-10-11
US4702097A (en) 1987-10-27

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