EP0092854B1 - Wet electrofilter for a converter exhaust - Google Patents

Wet electrofilter for a converter exhaust Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0092854B1
EP0092854B1 EP83200197A EP83200197A EP0092854B1 EP 0092854 B1 EP0092854 B1 EP 0092854B1 EP 83200197 A EP83200197 A EP 83200197A EP 83200197 A EP83200197 A EP 83200197A EP 0092854 B1 EP0092854 B1 EP 0092854B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
collecting
electrodes
wet
electrostatic precipitator
gas
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EP83200197A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0092854A1 (en
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Heribert Baab
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GEA Group AG
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Metallgesellschaft AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H01J29/10—Screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted or stored
    • H01J29/18—Luminescent screens
    • H01J29/30—Luminescent screens with luminescent material discontinuously arranged, e.g. in dots, in lines
    • H01J29/32—Luminescent screens with luminescent material discontinuously arranged, e.g. in dots, in lines with adjacent dots or lines of different luminescent material, e.g. for colour television
    • H01J29/327—Black matrix materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/16—Plant or installations having external electricity supply wet type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wet electrostatic precipitator for horizontal gas passage, consisting essentially of a pressure-resistant housing, in which spray and precipitation electrodes with removal and purging devices are arranged transversely to the gas flow direction in an alternating manner, in particular for dedusting converter exhaust gases.
  • a wet electrostatic precipitator has already been proposed in CA-A-553 908 for cleaning blast furnace exhaust gases with an excess pressure of up to about 2 bar, in which the housing has an oval cross section and precipitation electrodes with a height of about 5 m are provided.
  • This wet electrostatic precipitator is not yet optimally designed with regard to the pressure surges that occur during deflagrations. It is also not applicable for any amount of gas, because - as will be explained in more detail - reliable wet cleaning of precipitation electrodes is only possible up to heights of around 5 m, which limits the maximum available gas passage cross-section and two or more for larger amounts of gas wet electrostatic precipitator connected in parallel must pass, which is very expensive.
  • the known wet electrostatic precipitator has a very poor utilization of the housing cross section.
  • the effectively usable, square gas flow cross-section is less than 50% of the clear housing cross-section, which means that the cross-sectional area required for a specific gas throughput is burdened with unnecessarily high investment costs, given the gas velocity.
  • Precipitation electrode plates the height of which - depending on the type of dust and the other conditions - exceed 3 to 5 m, are therefore ruled out because they can no longer be effectively rinsed.
  • the converter exhaust gases are usually saturated before entering the separation fields, so that condensate is also deposited on the precipitation electrodes together with the moist dust. Since the converter exhaust gases occur intermittently, there is enough time in the converter's blowing pauses to clean the precipitation electrodes by spraying flushing liquid on them. A continuous rinse is therefore not necessary.
  • the flushing is switched off in order to be able to operate the electrostatic precipitator with the highest possible voltage and to avoid impairment of the voltage regulation by sprayed-in liquid droplets.
  • plate-shaped precipitation electrodes 9 are arranged in a circular cylindrical housing 1 parallel to the gas flow direction and suspended in the housing 1 via removal devices 13.
  • the separating fields are divided in height, the upper parts being designated 5 and the lower parts 6. Dement - speaking also need separate Abtrags wornen 13 are provided.
  • the precipitation electrodes 9 of the lower part 6 are offset from the precipitation electrodes 9 of the upper part 5 by half an aisle width, which will be discussed in more detail in connection with FIG. 5.
  • a part of the removal devices 4 for the spray electrodes is located outside the housing 1.
  • FIG. 2 how the separating fields 2 and 3 arranged in the housing are arranged one behind the other in the direction of gas flow and differently divided in height into upper and lower parts 5 and 6 (division level 7).
  • the direction of gas flow is indicated by an arrow. 4 again designates the upper parts of the removal device for the spray electrodes.
  • the cross section according to FIG. 3 shows how the precipitation electrodes 9 and the spray electrodes 11 are arranged alternately transversely to the gas flow direction.
  • the ablation devices 4 for the spray electrodes 11 consist of insulators arranged in special housings above the actual filter housing 1, to which support rods are fastened, which in turn are connected to the support frames for the wire or ribbon-shaped spray electrodes. Details have not been presented because they belong to the prior art. It should only be mentioned that the components appearing approximately semicircular also belong to the removal devices 4 for the spray electrodes 11. They are arranged in front of and behind the fields of the precipitation electrodes in the gas flow direction and ensure the removal and equidistant adjustment of the frames for the spray electrodes 11.
  • FIG. 4 shows the rinsing device together with the precipitation electrodes 9.
  • the rinsing pipes 10 are supplied with liquid, which is sprayed under pressure by means of spray nozzles against the precipitation electrodes 9.
  • the flushing pipes 10 for the lower part of the Nieder Impact electrodes 9 are used at the same time to adjust the lower ends of the precipitation electrodes 9 of the upper part. In this way it is possible to achieve the inevitable subdivision in height without taking up a lot of space and to limit the “field-free gas flow cross-section to a minimum. In connection with the offset arrangement of the precipitation electrodes 9, an optimal cleaning is also ensured.
  • the precipitation electrodes 9 are arranged, namely in the lower part offset by a half aisle width B from the upper part.
  • the rinsing tubes 10 can be arranged in the same plane as the upper precipitation electrodes 9 and thus allow an optimal arrangement of the spray nozzles 12 and the lateral adjustment of the upper precipitation electrodes 9 already mentioned.
  • an optimal utilization of the housing cross-section available for the gas flow is achieved without any restrictions being accepted with regard to the necessary distances of the spray system from the precipitation electrodes and the devices for supplying and spraying the cleaning liquid Need to become.
  • the plate height which was limited with regard to the cleaning of the precipitation electrodes, on the one hand, and the large gas flow cross-section required, on the other hand, could be implemented constructively in a pressure-resistant wet electrostatic precipitator.
  • a dedusting device is now available, which enables much better gas cleaning compared to washers with significantly less energy consumption.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Naßelektrofilter für horizontalen Gasdurchgang, bestehend im wesentlichen aus einem druckfesten Gehäuse, in dem quer zur Gasströmungsrichtung äquidistant im Wechsel Sprüh- und Niederschlagselektroden mit Abtrags- und Spüleinrichtungen angeordnet sind, insbesondere zur Entstaubung von Konverterabgasen.The invention relates to a wet electrostatic precipitator for horizontal gas passage, consisting essentially of a pressure-resistant housing, in which spray and precipitation electrodes with removal and purging devices are arranged transversely to the gas flow direction in an alternating manner, in particular for dedusting converter exhaust gases.

Zur Reinigung von Hochofenabgasen mit einem Überdruck bis zu etwa 2 bar, ist in der CA-A-553 908 schon ein Naßelektrofilter vorgeschlagen worden, bei dem das Gehäuse einen ovalen Querschnitt aufweist und Niederschlagselektroden mit einer Höhe von etwa 5 m vorgesehen sind. Dieses Naßelektrofilter ist im Hinblick auf die bei Verpuffungen auftretenden Druckstöße noch nicht optimal gestaltet. Es ist auch nicht für beliebig hohen Gasmengen anwendbar, weil - wie noch näher erläutert wird - eine zuverlässige Naßabreinigung von Niederschlagselektroden nur bis zu Höhen von etwa 5 m möglich ist, wodurch der maximal verfügbare Gasdurchtrittsquerschnitt begrenzt ist und man bei größeren Gasmengen auf zwei oder mehrere parallel geschaltete Naßelektrofilter übergehen muß, was sehr aufwendig ist. Schließlich weist das bekannte Naßelektrofilter eine sehr schlechte Ausnutzung des Gehäusequerschnitts auf. Der effektiv nutzbare, quadratische Gasströmungsquerschnitt beträgt weniger als 50 % des lichten Gehäusequerschnitts, wodurch die - bei gegebener Gasgeschwindigkeit - für einen bestimmten Gasdurchsatz benötige Querschnittsfläche mit unnötig hohen Investitionskosten belastet ist.A wet electrostatic precipitator has already been proposed in CA-A-553 908 for cleaning blast furnace exhaust gases with an excess pressure of up to about 2 bar, in which the housing has an oval cross section and precipitation electrodes with a height of about 5 m are provided. This wet electrostatic precipitator is not yet optimally designed with regard to the pressure surges that occur during deflagrations. It is also not applicable for any amount of gas, because - as will be explained in more detail - reliable wet cleaning of precipitation electrodes is only possible up to heights of around 5 m, which limits the maximum available gas passage cross-section and two or more for larger amounts of gas wet electrostatic precipitator connected in parallel must pass, which is very expensive. Finally, the known wet electrostatic precipitator has a very poor utilization of the housing cross section. The effectively usable, square gas flow cross-section is less than 50% of the clear housing cross-section, which means that the cross-sectional area required for a specific gas throughput is burdened with unnecessarily high investment costs, given the gas velocity.

Auf der anderen Seite ist aus der DE-OS 1900526 auch schon ein trocken arbeitendes Elektrofilter mit kreisrundem Querschnitt, guter Ausnutzung des Innenraums und mechanischer Staubabführeinrichtung bekanntgeworden. Sieht man davon ab, daß dieses Elektrofilter seiner konstruktiven Konzeption nach für eine nasse Staubabscheidung bzw. eine Naßabreinigung der Elektroden nicht in Betracht kommt, so ist als weiterer Nachteil auch hier festzustellen, daß der Anwendungsbereich durch die maximal mögliche Höhe von 5 m für Niederschlagselektroden, die gespült werden sollen, begrenzt ist. Auch dieses Elektrofilter kommt daher für die Reinigung sehr großer Gasmengen nicht in Betracht.On the other hand, from DE-OS 1900526 a dry-working electrostatic filter with a circular cross-section, good utilization of the interior and mechanical dust removal device has also become known. If one disregards the fact that this electrostatic filter is not suitable for wet dust separation or wet cleaning of the electrodes according to its design, then another disadvantage can also be found here that the area of application is due to the maximum possible height of 5 m for precipitation electrodes, that are to be rinsed is limited. This electrostatic filter is therefore also out of the question for cleaning very large quantities of gas.

Sehr große Gasmengen fallen intermittierend beispielsweise bei Konvertern an. Zur Entstaubung derartiger Gase wurden bisher vornehmlich Wäscher eingesetzt. Sie bestehen meist aus einer Kühl- und Sättigungsstufe sowie der eigentlichen Waschstufe. In der ersten Stufe werden die Abgase auf 60 bis 80 °C abgekühlt, wobei ein Druckabfall von 200 bis 400 mm WS auftritt. Für die zweite Stufe wird ein Druckgefälle von 1 200 bis 1 400 mm WS benötigt. Wegen der Feinheit des Staubes können Abgase mit derartigen Wäscher nur bis auf einen Reingasstaubgehalt von etwa 100 mg/Nm3 gereinigt werden.Very large amounts of gas occur intermittently, for example in converters. So far, scrubbers have mainly been used for the dedusting of such gases. They usually consist of a cooling and saturation stage and the actual washing stage. In the first stage, the exhaust gases are cooled to 60 to 80 ° C, with a pressure drop of 200 to 400 mm WS. A pressure drop of 1 200 to 1 400 mm WS is required for the second stage. Because of the fineness of the dust, such scrubbers can only be used to clean exhaust gases down to a clean gas dust content of around 100 mg / Nm 3 .

Unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Energieeinsparung und der Wiedergewinnung der brennbaren Abgase werden Wäscher zunehmend als unbefriedigend angesehen. Der verhältnismäßig hohe Druckverlust erfordert einen erheblichen Aufwand an Gebläseleistung und der erreichte Reinheitsgrad ist für Gase, die einer weiteren Verwertung zugeführt werden sollen, oft nicht ausreichend.From the point of view of energy saving and the recovery of flammable exhaust gases, scrubbers are increasingly viewed as unsatisfactory. The relatively high pressure loss requires a considerable expenditure of blower power and the degree of purity achieved is often not sufficient for gases which are to be used further.

Es sind daher schon Überlegungen angestellt worden, Konverterabgase mittels naßarbeitender Elektrofilter zu reinigen, ohne daß bisher brauchbare Vorschläge bekanntgeworden sind. Wegen der Verpuffungsgefahr im Gesamtsystem, muß das Gehäuse druckstoßfest ausgeführt werden. Außerdem will man die Parallelschaltung mehrerer Aggregate vermeiden, weil dadurch die Anlagekosten unnötig gesteigert würden. Daraus folgt aber, daß sehr große Gasströmungsquerschnitte vorgesehen werden müssen, um die hohen, intermittierend anfallenden Gasmengen wirksam, d. h. bei Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten zwischen 1 und 1,8 m sec reinigen zu können. Dies wiederum bedingt großflächige Niederschlagselektroden mit einer Höhe bis zu 10 m oder mehr, bei denen zur Erzielung einer ausreichenden Steifigkeit bzw. zur Sicherung des gegenseitigen Abstandes unter Betriebsbedingungen schon zusätzliche konstruktive Maßnahmen ergriffen werden müssen.Therefore, considerations have already been made to clean converter exhaust gases by means of wet-working electrostatic precipitators, without any useful suggestions having become known. Because of the risk of deflagration in the overall system, the housing must be designed to be pressure shock resistant. In addition, one wants to avoid connecting several units in parallel because this would unnecessarily increase the system costs. However, it follows that very large gas flow cross sections must be provided in order to effectively handle the large, intermittently occurring amounts of gas, i. H. to be able to clean at flow speeds between 1 and 1.8 m sec. This in turn requires large-area precipitation electrodes with a height of up to 10 m or more, in which additional structural measures have to be taken to achieve sufficient rigidity or to ensure the mutual distance under operating conditions.

Für den vorgesehenen Zweck scheiden aber Niederschlagselektrodenplatten, deren Höhe - je nach Art des Staubes und der sonstigen Bedingungen 3 bis 5 m überschreiten schon deswegen aus, weil sie nicht mehr wirksam gespült werden können. Üblicherweise werden die Konverterabgase vor Eintritt in die Abscheidefelder gesättigt, so daß sich auf den Niederschlagselektroden zusammen mit dem feuchten Staub auch Kondensat abscheidet. Da die Konverterabgase intermittierend anfallen, steht in den Blaspausen des Konverters genügend Zeit zur Verfügung, um die Niederschlagselektroden durch Aufsprühen von Spülflüssigkeit abzureinigen. Eine Dauerspülung ist deshalb nicht erforderlich. Während der Blasphasen, d. h. wenn das Elektrofilter mit maximaler Abscheideleistung arbeiten muß, wird die Spülung abgeschaltet, um das Elektrofilter mit möglichst hoher Spannung betreiben zu können und eine Beeinträchtigung der Spannungsregelung durch eingesprühte Flüssigkeitströpfchen zu vermeiden.Precipitation electrode plates, the height of which - depending on the type of dust and the other conditions - exceed 3 to 5 m, are therefore ruled out because they can no longer be effectively rinsed. The converter exhaust gases are usually saturated before entering the separation fields, so that condensate is also deposited on the precipitation electrodes together with the moist dust. Since the converter exhaust gases occur intermittently, there is enough time in the converter's blowing pauses to clean the precipitation electrodes by spraying flushing liquid on them. A continuous rinse is therefore not necessary. During the blowing phases, i.e. H. when the electrostatic precipitator has to work with maximum separation capacity, the flushing is switched off in order to be able to operate the electrostatic precipitator with the highest possible voltage and to avoid impairment of the voltage regulation by sprayed-in liquid droplets.

Die Abreinigung der Niederschlagselektroden von den feucht oder gar schlammartig abgeschiedenen Stäuben durch Aufsprühen von Flüssigkeit mittels außerhalb des elektrischen Feldes angeordneter Düsen, erfordert nun je nach Art und Konsistenz der Abscheidungen einerseits eine entsprechende Feinverteilung der Sprühstrahlen und anderereseits eine bestimmte Mindestenergie der auftreffenden Flüssigkeitstropfen. Aus zahlreichen Versuchen und Erfahrungen an gebauten Naßelektrofiltern ist es bekannt, daß diese beiden Bedingungen nur dann gleichzeitig erfüllt werden können, wenn die zu reinigende Fläche nicht zu weit von der Sprühdüse entfernt ist. Der Flüssigkeitsstrahl verliert nämlich mit zunehmendem Abstand von der Düse immer mehr von seiner kinetischen Energie und ist nach einer bestimmten Sprühweite für die Abreinigung der Niederschlagselektroden nicht mehr wirksam genug. Für die maximal zulässige Sprühweite bzw. die daraus resultierende größtmögliche Plattenhöhe, lassen sich zwar keine festen Werte angeben, weil im Einzelfall noch andere einschränkende Bedingungen zu berücksichtigen sind, die Grenzen liegen aber auf jeden Fall bei 3 bis 5 m.Depending on the type and consistency of the deposits, cleaning the precipitation electrodes from the moist or even sludge-like dusts by spraying liquid by means of nozzles arranged outside the electrical field requires, on the one hand, a corresponding fine distribution of the spray jets and, on the other hand, a certain minimum energy of the impinging liquid drops. From numerous experiments and experiences at ge built wet electrostatic precipitators, it is known that these two conditions can only be met at the same time if the surface to be cleaned is not too far from the spray nozzle. The liquid jet loses more and more of its kinetic energy with increasing distance from the nozzle and, after a certain spray distance, is no longer effective enough to clean the precipitation electrodes. No fixed values can be given for the maximum permissible spray width or the resulting maximum plate height, because in other cases other restricting conditions have to be taken into account, but the limits are in any case 3 to 5 m.

Für die Entstaubung von Konverterabgasen mittels Naßelektrofilter, sind daher auf der einen Seite die Bestrebungen nach möglichst wirtschaftlicher Reinigung in Betracht zu ziehen und auf der anderen Seite die konstruktiven und funktionsmäßigen Bedingungen zu erfüllen. Es besteht demnach die Aufgabe, ein Naßelektrofilter für die Entstaubung von Konverterabgasen zu konzipieren, bei dem die im Vergleich zum Wäscher bessere Reinigung (bei CO-Gasgewinnung bis auf etwa 10 mg/Nm3) bei wesentlich geringerem Druckverlust realisiert werden kann, das für den gesamten Abgasstrom und im Hinblick auf die möglichen Verpuffungen druckfest ausgelegt ist und dessen Niederschlagselektroden mittels eines Spülsystems in den Blaspausen wirksam von dem abgeschiedenen Gemisch aus Staub und Kondensat abgereinigt werden können.For the dedusting of converter exhaust gases by means of wet electrostatic precipitators, efforts on the one hand for economical cleaning should be taken into account on the one hand and the constructive and functional conditions must be met on the other hand. It is therefore the task of designing a wet electrostatic precipitator for the dedusting of converter exhaust gases, in which the cleaning, which is better than that of the scrubber (with CO gas extraction down to about 10 mg / Nm 3 ), can be achieved with a significantly lower pressure loss, which entire exhaust gas flow and in view of the possible deflagrations is designed to be pressure-resistant and its precipitation electrodes can be effectively cleaned from the separated mixture of dust and condensate by means of a flushing system in the blow breaks.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird ein Naßelektrofilter vorgeschlagen, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß

  • a) das Gehäuse kreiszylindrisch mit einem Strömungsquerschnitt von mindestens 20 m2 ausgebildet ist,
  • b) in Gasströmungsrichtung ein oder mehrere, in der Höhe wenigstens einmal unterteilte Abscheidefelder angeordnet sind, und
  • c) obere und untere Spülrohre mit gegen die oberen Teile der Niederschlagselektroden gerichteten Sprühdüsen vorgesehen und die unteren Enden der Niederschlagselektroden der oberen Teile der Abscheidefelder durch die unteren Spülrohre justiert sind.
To solve this problem, a wet electrostatic filter is proposed, which is characterized in that
  • a) the housing is circular cylindrical with a flow cross section of at least 20 m 2 ,
  • b) one or more separating fields, which are divided at least once in height, are arranged in the gas flow direction, and
  • c) upper and lower rinsing tubes are provided with spray nozzles directed against the upper parts of the precipitation electrodes and the lower ends of the precipitation electrodes of the upper parts of the separation fields are adjusted by the lower rinsing tubes.

Weitere vorteilhafte Einzelheizen und Ausgestaltungen des Erfindungsgedankens ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen 2 bis 4.Further advantageous individual heaters and refinements of the inventive concept result from subclaims 2 to 4.

Ferner wird ein Verfahren zum Betreiben des erfindungsgemäßen Naßelektrofilters vorgeschlagen, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die Naßabreinigung durch Sprühen von Flüssigkeitsstrahlen gegen die Niederschlagselektroden jeweils in den Arbeitspausen des Filters bei eingeschalteter Hochspannung erfolgt.

  • Figur 1 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch das Naßelektrofilter mit den Niederschlagselektroden.
  • Figur 2 zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch das Naßelektrofilter mit den Niederschlagselektroden.
  • Figur 3 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch das Naßelektrofilter mit den Sprühelektroden und den Niederschlagselektroden.
  • Figur 4 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch das Naßelektrofilter mit den Niederschlagselektroden und den Spüleinrichtungen.
  • Figur 5 zeigt einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt im Bereich der Teilungsebene.
Furthermore, a method for operating the wet electrostatic filter according to the invention is proposed, which is characterized in that the wet cleaning takes place by spraying liquid jets against the precipitation electrodes in each case in the work breaks of the filter with the high voltage switched on.
  • Figure 1 shows a cross section through the wet electrostatic precipitator with the precipitation electrodes.
  • Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section through the wet electrostatic precipitator with the precipitation electrodes.
  • Figure 3 shows a cross section through the wet electrostatic precipitator with the spray electrodes and the precipitation electrodes.
  • Figure 4 shows a cross section through the wet electrostatic precipitator with the precipitation electrodes and the rinsing devices.
  • FIG. 5 shows an enlarged section in the area of the division plane.

Gemäß Figur 1 sind in einem kreiszylindrischen Gehäuse 1 plattenförmige Niederschlagselektroden 9 parallel zur Gasströmungsrichtung angeordnet und über Abtragseinrichtungen 13 im Gehäuse 1 aufgehängt. Die Abscheidefelder sind in der Höhe unterteilt, wobei die oberen Teile mit 5 und die unteren mit 6 bezeichnet sind. Dement- sprechend müssen auch getrennte Abtragseinrichtungen 13 vorgesehen werden. Die Niederschlagselektroden 9 des unteren Teils 6, sind gegenüber den Niederschlagselektroden 9 des oberen Teils 5 um eine halbe Gassenbreite versetzt angeordnet, worauf im Zusammenhang mit Figur 5 noch näher eingegangen wird. Außerhalb des Gehäuses 1 befindet sich ein Teil der Abtragseinrichtungen 4 für die Sprühelektroden.According to FIG. 1, plate-shaped precipitation electrodes 9 are arranged in a circular cylindrical housing 1 parallel to the gas flow direction and suspended in the housing 1 via removal devices 13. The separating fields are divided in height, the upper parts being designated 5 and the lower parts 6. Dement - speaking also need separate Abtragseinrichtungen 13 are provided. The precipitation electrodes 9 of the lower part 6 are offset from the precipitation electrodes 9 of the upper part 5 by half an aisle width, which will be discussed in more detail in connection with FIG. 5. A part of the removal devices 4 for the spray electrodes is located outside the housing 1.

Aus Figur 2 ist ersichtlich, wie die im Gehäuse angeordneten Abscheidefelder 2 und 3 in Gasströmungsrichtung hintereinander angeordnet und in der Höhe unterschiedlich in obere und untere Teile 5 und 6 unterteilt sind (Teilungsebene 7). Die Gasströmungsrichtung ist mit einem Pfeil angedeutet. Mit 4 sind wiederum die oberen Teile der Abtragseinrichtung für die Sprühelektroden bezeichnet.It can be seen from FIG. 2 how the separating fields 2 and 3 arranged in the housing are arranged one behind the other in the direction of gas flow and differently divided in height into upper and lower parts 5 and 6 (division level 7). The direction of gas flow is indicated by an arrow. 4 again designates the upper parts of the removal device for the spray electrodes.

Im Querschnitt nach Figur 3 ist ersichtlich, wie die Niederschlagselektroden 9 und die Sprühelektroden 11 quer zur Gasströmungsrichtung im Wechsel angeordnet sind. Zur besseren Übersicht sind die Abtragungseinrichtungen für die Niederschlagsleketroden 9 weggelassen worden. Die Abtragungseinrichtungen 4 für die Sprühelektroden 11, bestehen aus in besonderen Gehäusen über dem eigentlichen Filtergehäuse 1 angeordneten Isolatoren, an denen Tragstangen befestigt sind, die ihrerseits mit den Tragrahmen für die draht- oder bandförmigen Sprühelektroden verbunden sind. Einzelheiten sind nicht dargestellt worden, weil sie zum Stand der Technik gehören. Erwähnt sei nur noch, daß die etwa halbkreisförmig erscheinenden Bauteile ebenfalls zum den Abtragseinrichtungen 4 für die Sprühelektroden 11 gehören. Sie sind in Gasströmungsrichtung jeweils vor und hinter den Feldern der Niederschlagselektroden angeordnet und sorgen für die Abtragung und äquidistante Justierung der Rahmen für die Spröhelektroden 11.The cross section according to FIG. 3 shows how the precipitation electrodes 9 and the spray electrodes 11 are arranged alternately transversely to the gas flow direction. For a better overview, the removal devices for the precipitation electrode 9 have been omitted. The ablation devices 4 for the spray electrodes 11 consist of insulators arranged in special housings above the actual filter housing 1, to which support rods are fastened, which in turn are connected to the support frames for the wire or ribbon-shaped spray electrodes. Details have not been presented because they belong to the prior art. It should only be mentioned that the components appearing approximately semicircular also belong to the removal devices 4 for the spray electrodes 11. They are arranged in front of and behind the fields of the precipitation electrodes in the gas flow direction and ensure the removal and equidistant adjustment of the frames for the spray electrodes 11.

In Figur 4 ist die Spüleinrichtung zusammen mit den Niederschlagselektroden 9 dargestellt. Aus einem Rohr für die Flüssigkeitszufuhr 14, werden die Spülrohre 10 mit Flüssigkeit versorgt, die unter Druck mittels Sprühdüsen gegen die Niederschlagselektroden 9 gespritzt wird. Die Spülrohre 10 für den unteren Teil der Niederschlagselektroden 9 werden gleichzeitig dazu benutzt, um die unteren Enden der Niederschlagselektroden 9 des oberen Teils zu justieren. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, die unumgängliche Unterteilung in der Höhe ohne großen Platzbedarf zu realisieren und den «feldfreien Gasströmungsquerschnitt auf ein Minimum zu begrenzen. In Verbindung mit der versetzten Anordnung der Niederschlagselektroden 9, wird so außerdem für eine optimale Abreinigung gesorgt.FIG. 4 shows the rinsing device together with the precipitation electrodes 9. From a pipe for the liquid supply 14, the rinsing pipes 10 are supplied with liquid, which is sprayed under pressure by means of spray nozzles against the precipitation electrodes 9. The flushing pipes 10 for the lower part of the Nieder Impact electrodes 9 are used at the same time to adjust the lower ends of the precipitation electrodes 9 of the upper part. In this way it is possible to achieve the inevitable subdivision in height without taking up a lot of space and to limit the “field-free gas flow cross-section to a minimum. In connection with the offset arrangement of the precipitation electrodes 9, an optimal cleaning is also ensured.

Die Verhältnisse im Bereich der Teilungsebene zwischen dem oberen und unteren Teil der Abscheidefelder, sind in Figur 5 noch einmal vergrößert dargestellt. Im Wechsel mit den Rahmen für die Sprühelektroden 11, sind die Niederschlagselektroden 9 angeordnet und zwar im unteren Teil um eine halbe Gassenbreite B gegenüber dem oberen Teil versetzt. Dadurch können die Spülrohre 10 in der gleichen Ebene angeordnet werden wie die oberen Niederschlagselektroden 9 und gestatten so eine optimale Anordnung der Sprühdüsen 12 sowie die bereits erwähnte seitliche Justierung der oberen Niederschlagselektroden 9.The relationships in the area of the division level between the upper and lower part of the deposition fields are shown again enlarged in FIG. In alternation with the frame for the spray electrodes 11, the precipitation electrodes 9 are arranged, namely in the lower part offset by a half aisle width B from the upper part. As a result, the rinsing tubes 10 can be arranged in the same plane as the upper precipitation electrodes 9 and thus allow an optimal arrangement of the spray nozzles 12 and the lateral adjustment of the upper precipitation electrodes 9 already mentioned.

Mit dem in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel, ist eine optimale Ausnutzung des für die Gasströmung zur Verfügung stehenden Gehäusequerschnitts erreicht, ohne daß hinsichtlich der notwendigen Abstände des Sprühsystems von den Niederschlagselektroden und den Einrichtungen für die Zufuhr und das Versprühen der Reinigungsflüssigkeit, irgendwelche Einschränkungen in Kauf genommen werden müssen. Damit konnte die im Hinblick auf die Abreinigung der Niederschlagselektroden begrenzte Plattenhöhe einerseits und der erforderliche große Gasströmungsquerschnitt andererseits in einem druckfesten Naßelektrofilter konstruktiv realisiert werden. Es steht nunmehr eine Entstaubungseinrichtung zur Verfügung, die gegenüber Wäschern, eine sehr viel bessere Gasreinigung bei wesentlich geringerem Energieaufwand ermöglicht.With the embodiment shown in the figures, an optimal utilization of the housing cross-section available for the gas flow is achieved without any restrictions being accepted with regard to the necessary distances of the spray system from the precipitation electrodes and the devices for supplying and spraying the cleaning liquid Need to become. In this way, the plate height, which was limited with regard to the cleaning of the precipitation electrodes, on the one hand, and the large gas flow cross-section required, on the other hand, could be implemented constructively in a pressure-resistant wet electrostatic precipitator. A dedusting device is now available, which enables much better gas cleaning compared to washers with significantly less energy consumption.

Claims (5)

1. A wet-process dust-collecting electrostatic precipitator for horizontal gas flow passage mainly intended to dust off exhaust gases from converters consisting essentially of a pressure resistant housing (1) in which alternating corona - and collecting - electrodes (11, 9) with carrying and rinsing means (10, 12, 14) are equidistantly arranged transversely to the direction of gas flow, characterized in that
a) the housing (1) is formed circular-cylindrically with a cross-section of flow of at least 20 m2
b) one or more collecting fields (2, 3) which are divided in height into at least two sections are arranged in the direction of gas flow
c) upper and lower rinsing tubes (10) with spray nozzles (12) pointing against the upper parts of the collecting electrodes (9) are provided and the lower ends (8) of the collecting electrodes (9) of the upper sections (5) of the collecting fields (2, 3) are adjusted by the lower rinsing tubes (10).
2. A wet-process electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that the parting planes (7) of consecutive collecting fields (2, 3) are disposed on different levels.
3. A wet-process electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electrodes in the upper section (5) of each collecting field (2, 3) are offset from the electrodes in the lower section (6) of the collecting field (2, 3) by one-half of the collecting electrode spacing (B).
4. A wet-process electrostatic precipitator according to any of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each collecting field (2, 3) contains equally spaced apart, vertical collecting electrode plates (9), which define gas passages, corona electrodes (11) disposed at the center of each gas passage, rinsing means (1Q 12) disposed at the top between the collecting electrodes (9), means (4, 13) supporting the collecting electrodes (9) and the corona electrodes (11), and liquid supply means (14).
5. A process of operating a wet-process electrostatic precipitator according to any of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that wet cleaning is effected in that liquid jets are sprayed against the collecting electrodes (9) when no gas is supplied to the precipitator whereas a high voltage is applied thereto.
EP83200197A 1982-04-24 1983-02-08 Wet electrofilter for a converter exhaust Expired EP0092854B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3215400 1982-04-24
DE19823215400 DE3215400A1 (en) 1982-04-24 1982-04-24 WET ELECTROFILTER FOR CONVERTER EXHAUST GAS

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EP0092854A1 EP0092854A1 (en) 1983-11-02
EP0092854B1 true EP0092854B1 (en) 1986-05-07

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US (1) US4505724A (en)
EP (1) EP0092854B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS58189053A (en)
AU (1) AU560806B2 (en)
CS (1) CS268657B2 (en)
DE (2) DE3215400A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1391283A (en) 1983-10-27
EP0092854A1 (en) 1983-11-02
JPH0335983B2 (en) 1991-05-30
JPS58189053A (en) 1983-11-04
DE3363327D1 (en) 1986-06-12
US4505724A (en) 1985-03-19
DE3215400A1 (en) 1983-10-27
AU560806B2 (en) 1987-04-16
CS276983A2 (en) 1989-08-14
CS268657B2 (en) 1990-04-11

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