EP0087626B1 - Gas sensor, especially for gases of combustion engines - Google Patents

Gas sensor, especially for gases of combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0087626B1
EP0087626B1 EP83101222A EP83101222A EP0087626B1 EP 0087626 B1 EP0087626 B1 EP 0087626B1 EP 83101222 A EP83101222 A EP 83101222A EP 83101222 A EP83101222 A EP 83101222A EP 0087626 B1 EP0087626 B1 EP 0087626B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas sensor
contact
sensor according
carrier
electrically insulating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83101222A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0087626A3 (en
EP0087626A2 (en
Inventor
Kurt Bayha
Helmut Dipl.-Ing. Weyl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0087626A2 publication Critical patent/EP0087626A2/en
Publication of EP0087626A3 publication Critical patent/EP0087626A3/en
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Publication of EP0087626B1 publication Critical patent/EP0087626B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
    • G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
    • G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
    • G01N27/4071—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases using sensor elements of laminated structure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
    • G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
    • G01N27/4062—Electrical connectors associated therewith
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
    • G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
    • G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
    • G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
    • G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
    • G01N27/4078—Means for sealing the sensor element in a housing

Definitions

  • DE-A-26 57 541 shows a gas sensor, the plate-shaped carrier of which is installed and sealed in the metal housing by means of a ceramic cement; Ceramic cement - like the putty mentioned in the above-mentioned DE-A-28 55 012 - usually also has insufficient shake resistance and is also difficult to process in mass production.
  • a ceramic cement is known for example from US-A-4 007 435 and consists for example of a ceramic powder (MgO) and sodium silicate or a binder (phosphate).
  • DE-A-29 07 032 describes a seal in which the plate-shaped carrier is guided through a slot in a metal disk fixed in the metal housing and fastened therein by means of a glass or hard solder; the solder simultaneously seals the gap between the metal disc and the metal housing.
  • a glass or hard solder In series production, such a seal makes it difficult to maintain reliable manufacturing safety and is also not insensitive to shaking stresses.
  • Gas sensors with platelet-shaped supports for layered sensor elements and heating elements are known in numerous embodiments; Examples of gas sensors with heating elements can be seen from the publications mentioned above.
  • DE-A-26 57 541, DE-A-25 48 019 and US-A-4 007 435 which show solder connections.
  • DE-A-25 47 683 describes a riveted connection as a connection for a layered sensor element.
  • DE-A-31 50 435 represents a platelet-shaped carrier with depressions or borehole, in which a connecting wire is fixed by means of a sinterable anchoring compound (e.g. noble metal cermet).
  • a sinterable anchoring compound e.g. noble metal cermet
  • DE-A-25 26 340 should also be mentioned, in which the description refers to a clamp contact, not shown.
  • the gas sensor according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that the carrier has such a seal that seals the entire free cross-section of the longitudinal bore of the metal housing, ensures reliable resistance to shaking, with their expansion behavior at the occurring temperatures of the expansion of the other Adapts components of the gas sensor and is also of high production reliability in mass production.
  • the measures listed in the dependent claims allow advantageous developments and improvements of the gas sensor specified in claim 1. It is particularly advantageous if talc is used for the seal as an electrical insulating powder.
  • the embodiment of the gas sensor according to the invention is also particularly well suited for the arrangement of a clamp contact of the contact surfaces on the sensor element carrier.
  • FIG. 1 shows a gas sensor according to the invention in longitudinal section and in an enlarged view
  • FIG. 2 shows the side view of the sealing area of the gas sensor shown in FIG. 1 in an enlarged view
  • FIG. 3 shows a top view of the lower molded part of the seal according to FIGS. 1 and 2
  • FIG. 5 shows a plan view of the contact guide sleeve of the clamp contact according to FIG. 4 in an enlarged view
  • FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal section through such an embodiment of a clamp contact, in which two contact surfaces arranged on different large surfaces of the carrier are connected by means of a single clamping contact part.
  • the gas sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 essentially consists of a metal housing 11 with its longitudinal bore 12, a multi-part seal 13 guided in the metal housing longitudinal bore 12, a spring element 14 compressing the components of the seal 13 and one of the multi-part Seal 13 comprised platelet-shaped carrier 15, which extends in the longitudinal direction through the metal housing longitudinal bore 12, has at least one sensor element (not shown) and possibly also at least one layer-shaped heating element (not shown) on its measuring gas-side end section.
  • the metal housing 11 has a screw thread 16 on the outside of its measuring gas-side end section and additionally also a key hexagon 17 for the installation of the gas sensor 10 in a measuring gas-carrying space, not shown; Instead of the screw-in thread 16 and the hexagon key 17, gas sensors can also be inserted into openings of measuring gas-carrying spaces and, if necessary, attached to them by means of separate screws which lead through a perforated flange formed on the metal housing.
  • the connection-side end section of the metal housing 11 can be provided with an external thread 18 for a connector, not shown, and optionally also with a guide groove (not shown) for the connector (not shown).
  • the connection-side end section of the metal housing 11 is also equipped with a flanged edge 19 which engages on the edge region of the spring element 14, which is preferably designed as a disk.
  • the longitudinal bore 12 of the metal housing 11 forms a shoulder 20 between its connection-side area 12/1 and its measurement gas-side area 12/2, which has a smaller diameter; on this shoulder 20 lies the seal 13, which is guided laterally in the connection-side area 12/1 of the housing longitudinal bore 12.
  • a protective tube 21 is fastened to the measuring gas-side end section of the metal housing 11 by known means, which has slots 22 for the entry and exit of the measuring gas and surrounds the section 15 of the carrier 15 on the measuring gas side at a distance.
  • Such protective tubes 21 are preferably made of a heat-resistant material, but can also be made of other suitable substances, e.g. B. ceramics exist.
  • the platelet-shaped carrier 15 of the gas sensor 10 is provided in the measuring gas-side region of its large surfaces 23/1 and 23/2 with (at least) one layer-shaped sensor element, not shown, which is electrically connected via conductor tracks 24/1 to the connection-side end section of the carrier 15 and with contact surfaces 25/1 is equipped; Corresponding contact surfaces 25/2 and 25/3 are spaced apart from the contact surface 25/1, which lead via conductor tracks 24/2 and 24/3 to a layered heating element, not shown, which is also located on the measuring gas-side end section of the carrier 15.
  • the carrier 15 can consist of an electrically insulating material (for example aluminum oxide), but it can also itself belong to the gas sensor as an active component - as can be seen, for example, from DE-A-28 55 012.
  • an insulating layer (not made of aluminum oxide, for example), which is not shown, is preferably attached under the conductor tracks 24/2 and 24/3 of the heating element, so that it is not shown there is no electrical influence on the signal from sensor elements (not shown) applied to the carrier.
  • the conductor tracks 24/1 to 24/3 on the large carrier surface 23/1 are preferably made of a platinum metal (for example platinum), in the case of the conductor tracks 24/2, 24/3 for the heating element (not shown) also of tungsten and usually with a proportion of about 40 wt .-% of a ceramic material; the ceramic material mixed with the metal of the conductor tracks 24/1 to 24/3 preferably corresponds to the material of the carrier 15.
  • the material of the contact surfaces 25/1 to 25/3 also preferably consists of one or more platinum metals, preferably also with a corresponding ceramic component; It has been shown that such contact surfaces 25/1 to 25/3 do not melt or evaporate during sintering processes when producing such gas sensors, that they also have good electrical contact properties and do not lose these good contact properties even at higher temperatures. Such contact surfaces 25/1 to 25/3 have a temperature resistance of up to approx. 500 ° C. when used as a solder connection, but are also very good for terminal contacting suitable.
  • the carrier 15 has a thickness of 1 mm and is 8 mm wide in the present example; the conductor 24/1 for the sensor element, not shown, is 0.8 mm wide and the two conductor tracks 24/2 and 24/3 for the heating element, not shown, are 1.5 mm wide.
  • the dimensions of carrier 15, the conductor tracks 24/1 to 24/3, the contact surfaces 25/1 to 25/3 and the metal housing 11 can be adapted to the purposes of use. Sensor elements with conductor tracks 24 and contact surfaces 25 can also be applied to the second large surface 23/2 of the carrier 15.
  • the seal 13 is composed essentially of three components: a lower molded part 26, an upper molded part 27 and an electrical insulating powder 28.
  • the molded parts 26 and 27 consist of an electrically insulating material such as. B. aluminum oxide, are guided with their peripheral surface in the longitudinal bore 12/1 of the metal housing 11 and arranged with their mutually facing end faces 29 and 30 such that the gap 31 thus formed extends to the surface of the metal housing longitudinal bore 12/1.
  • the measuring gas side face 32 of the lower molded part 26 rests on the shoulder 20 in the housing longitudinal bore 12 and the end face 33 of the upper molded part 27 facing the connection side, which is preferably somewhat spherical or bevelled, rests on the spring element 14 which is under mechanical prestress ;
  • a frustoconical pocket 36 and 37 extends from the mutually facing end faces 29 and 30, the diameter of which extends in the direction of the end face 32 of the lower molded part 26 or in the direction of the End face 33 of the upper molded part 27 is reduced and each ends in a slot-shaped opening 38 or 39 for the carrier 15.
  • the openings 38 and 39 located in the molded parts 26 and 27 lie closely against the carrier 15, but at least the upper molded part 27 is displaceably arranged on the carrier 15 at the occurring operating temperatures of the gas sensor 10.
  • the end regions of the slot-shaped openings 38 and 39 are provided with additional bores 40 which widen in the direction of the facing end faces 29 and 30 of the molded parts 26 and 27 (see FIG. 3).
  • the cavity formed by the pockets 36 and 37 in the molded parts 26 and 27 and also the gap 31 formed between the two molded parts 26 and 27 is filled with an electrical insulating powder 28 which remains plastically deformable at the temperatures occurring in this area and preferably made of talc consists.
  • This electrical insulating powder 28 is pre-pressed on the assembly of such a gas sensor 10 into a shaped body (not shown) and threaded onto the carrier 15 by means of a longitudinal slot formed in this shaped body (not shown).
  • the electrical insulating powder 28 contacts the metal housing 11 in the area of the gap 31 between the two molded parts 26 and 27 and also seals this area.
  • the seal 13 certainly fulfills its function, reliably withstands all shaking stresses that occur in practice and ensures a high level of manufacturing reliability in mass production.
  • FIG. 4 shows a gas sensor 10 'which contains a seal 13' according to the invention in the longitudinal bore 12/1 'of its metal housing 11';
  • the metal housing 11 ' differs from the metal housing 11 according to FIG. 1 in that it has no external thread 18 for a connecting plug and no edge 19 on the wall.
  • an electrically insulating contact guide sleeve 42 is arranged on the connection-side, preferably flat end face 33 'of the upper sealing molded part 27', which is fixed with its circumference in the metal housing longitudinal bore 12/1 'and preferably consists of aluminum oxide (see FIG. 5 ).
  • This contact guide sleeve 42 has a coaxial depression 43 on the measuring gas side, a coaxial depression 44 on the connection side and an intermediate piece 45 lying between the depressions 43 and 44.
  • slot 46 is formed with lateral grooves 47/1 and 47/2, which also run in the longitudinal direction of the gas sensor 10 ', and through holes 48/1 and 48/2 assigned to the grooves 47/1 and 47/2.
  • Each of the grooves 47/1 or 47/2 with the corresponding through hole 48/1 or 48/2 serves to receive and fix a clamp contact part 49/1 or 49/2, which is hairpin-shaped, with its short, free end section as clamp contact 50 in a groove 47 and on a contact surface (not shown in FIG. 4) on the carrier 15 ' and leads with its other leg 51 through a through hole 48 and then towards the terminal.
  • a clamping contact part 49/1 or 49/2 is located directly opposite on one of the large surfaces 23/1 'and 23/2' of the carrier 15 '; With this arrangement it is avoided that bending stresses act on the connection-side area of the carrier 15 'clamped in the seal 13'. If contact surfaces are only arranged on one of the large surfaces 23/1 'or 23/2' of the carrier 15 '(not shown), a single corresponding contact contact part 49 may suffice, but the slot 46 in must then be on the opposite side of the carrier 15' the contact guide sleeve 42 may be designed so that this area of the carrier 15 'comes into contact with the slot 46.
  • the legs 51 of the clamping contact parts 49 projecting into the connection-side recess 44 each have their end section inserted into a metallic clamping sleeve 52, into which the stripped end of an insulated connecting cable 53 also leads; the respective leg 51 of the clamping contact part 49 and the respective connecting cable 53 are electrically connected to one another in the clamping sleeve 52 by clamping embossments 54.
  • Each clamping sleeve 52 has a flange 55 which is located in the connection-side recess 44 of the contact guide sleeve 42. With such a flange 55, each clamping sleeve 52 lies on a surface 56 of an electrical insulating body 57 facing the measuring gas.
  • This electrical insulating body 57 is also arranged coaxially to the longitudinal direction of the gas sensor 10 ', centered in the connection-side recess 44 of the contact guide sleeve 42 and lies with its shoulder 58 on the connection-side end face 59 of the contact guide sleeve 42.
  • the electrical insulating body 57 is made of aluminum oxide or a similar suitable material and comprises in longitudinal bores 60 the clamping sleeves 52 and parts of the insulated connecting cables 53.
  • the connection-side end section of this electrical insulating body 57 is provided with a shoulder 61, which preferably slopes away somewhat outwardly and on which the spring element 14 'rests with its area arranged around its hole 62.
  • connection-side end portion of this metal sleeve 65 is cup-shaped and bottomless and contains a rubber-like, heat-resistant sealing body 68, which, for. B.
  • the connecting cables 53 are locked in the gas sensor 10 'due to the clamping sleeve flanges 55, which are supported on the electrical insulating body surface 56.
  • FIG. 6 shows a special embodiment of a clamping contact 41 ', specifically in the event that the carrier 15 "has opposite contact surfaces on its large surfaces 23/1" and 23/2 "(not shown), which have (not interconnects are connected to layered sensor or heating elements (not shown) and are to be connected to one another
  • the contact guide sleeve 42 'with its slot 46', a first through hole 48/1 ', a second through hole 48/2' and the grooves 47 / 1 'and 47/2' is unchanged compared to the contact guide sleeve 42 in Figure 4.
  • clamp contact part 49 ' Only the clamp contact part 49 'has a new shape here: the clamp sleeve 52' provided with a flange 55 ', which is fixed in the electrical insulating body 57', emerges the leg 51 'on the connection side of the clamping contact part 49'.
  • clamp contact 41 ' only one clamp contact part 49' is required for two contact surfaces (not shown) opposite one another on the carrier 15 ", and it is nevertheless ensured that the carrier 15" held in the seal 13 "on the connection-side end region. no bending forces act.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Gassensor nach der Gattung des Anspruchs 1. Es sind schon eine Anzahl von Gassensoren bekannt, die gemäß der Gattung des Anspruchs 1 in der Längsbohrung eines Metallgehäuses einen plättchenförmigen Träger für Sensorelemente abgedichtet umfassen:

  • In der DE-A- 28 55 012 hat der Gassensor eine Dichtung, bei der zwei aufeinanderliegende Formteile, die den Träger umfassen, eine Tasche bilden und in dieser Tasche Glas oder Kitt als Dichtmaterial enthalten; das Glas bzw. der Kitt füllt dabei nur die Tasche aus, dichtet jedoch nicht den Bereich zwischen den Formteilen und dem Metallgehäuse ab. Kitt und Glas sind darüber hinaus auch nicht immer befriedigend hinsichtlich ihrer Schüttelfestigkeit, welche bei der Anwendung von Gassensoren in Brennkraftmaschinen zumeist erforderlich ist.
The invention is based on a gas sensor according to the preamble of claim 1. A number of gas sensors are already known which, according to the preamble of claim 1, comprise a plate-shaped support for sensor elements in a sealed manner in the longitudinal bore of a metal housing:
  • In DE-A-28 55 012 the gas sensor has a seal in which two superimposed molded parts, which comprise the carrier, form a pocket and contain glass or putty in this pocket as sealing material; the glass or putty only fills the pocket, but does not seal the area between the molded parts and the metal housing. In addition, putty and glass are not always satisfactory with regard to their resistance to shaking, which is mostly necessary when using gas sensors in internal combustion engines.

Die DE-A- 26 57 541 zeigt einen Gassensor, dessen plättchenförmiger Träger im Metallgehäuse mittels eines keramischen Zementes eingebaut und abgedichtet ist; keramischer Zement - wie auch der in der vorstehend genannten DE-A-28 55 012 erwähnte Kitt - besitzt zumeist auch eine zu geringe Schüttelfestigkeit und läßt sich darüber hinaus in einer Massenfertigung schwierig verarbeiten. Ein solcher keramischer Zement ist beispielsweise aus der US-A- 4 007 435 bekannt und besteht beispielsweise aus einem Keramikpulver (MgO) und Natriumsilicat oder einem Binder (Phosphat).DE-A-26 57 541 shows a gas sensor, the plate-shaped carrier of which is installed and sealed in the metal housing by means of a ceramic cement; Ceramic cement - like the putty mentioned in the above-mentioned DE-A-28 55 012 - usually also has insufficient shake resistance and is also difficult to process in mass production. Such a ceramic cement is known for example from US-A-4 007 435 and consists for example of a ceramic powder (MgO) and sodium silicate or a binder (phosphate).

In der DE-A- 29 07 032 ist eine Dichtung beschrieben, bei der der plättchenförmige Träger durch einen Schlitz einer im Metallgehäuse fixierten Metallscheibe geführt und mittels eines Glas- oder Hartlotes darin befestigt ist; das Lot dichtet dabei gleichzeitig den Spalt zwischen Metallscheibe und dem Metallgehäuse ab. Eine solche Dichtung erschwert in einer Serienfertigung das Einhalten einer zuverlässigen Fertigungssicherheit und ist auch nicht unempfindlich gegenüber Schüttelbeanspruchungen.DE-A-29 07 032 describes a seal in which the plate-shaped carrier is guided through a slot in a metal disk fixed in the metal housing and fastened therein by means of a glass or hard solder; the solder simultaneously seals the gap between the metal disc and the metal housing. In series production, such a seal makes it difficult to maintain reliable manufacturing safety and is also not insensitive to shaking stresses.

Gassensoren mit plättchenförmigen Trägern für schichtförmige Sensorelemente und Heizelemente sind in zahlreichen Ausführungsformen bekannt; Beispiele von Gassensoren mit Heizelementen sind aus den oben genannten Druckschriften ersichtlich.Gas sensors with platelet-shaped supports for layered sensor elements and heating elements are known in numerous embodiments; Examples of gas sensors with heating elements can be seen from the publications mentioned above.

Bezüglich des elektrischen Anschlusses von Sensorelementen und von Heizelementen sei verwiesen auf die DE-A- 26 57 541, die DE-A- 25 48 019 und die US-A- 4 007 435, welche Lötanschlüsse zeigen. In der DE-A- 25 47 683 wird als Anschluß für ein schichtförmiges Sensorelement eine Nietverbindung beschrieben. Die DE-A- 31 50 435 stellt einen plättchenförmigen Träger nit Vertiefungen bzw. Bohrung dar, in welchen ein Anschlußdraht mittels einer sinterfähigen Verankerungsmasse (z. B. Edelmetall-Cermet) festgelegt ist. Erwähnt sei außerdem noch die DE-A- 25 26 340, in welcher in der Beschreibung auf eine nicht dargestellte Klemmkontaktierung verwiesen wird.With regard to the electrical connection of sensor elements and heating elements, reference is made to DE-A-26 57 541, DE-A-25 48 019 and US-A-4 007 435, which show solder connections. DE-A-25 47 683 describes a riveted connection as a connection for a layered sensor element. DE-A-31 50 435 represents a platelet-shaped carrier with depressions or borehole, in which a connecting wire is fixed by means of a sinterable anchoring compound (e.g. noble metal cermet). DE-A-25 26 340 should also be mentioned, in which the description refers to a clamp contact, not shown.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Der erfindungsgemäße Gassensor mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß der Träger eine solche Dichtung besitzt, welche den gesamten freien Querschnitt der Längsbohrung des Metallgehäuses abdichtet, zuverlässige Schüttelfestigkeit gewährleistet, sich mit ihrem Ausdehnungsverhalten bei den vorkommenden Temperaturen der Ausdehnung der anderen Bauelemente des Gassensors anpaßt und auch in einer Massenproduktion von hoher Fertigungssicherheit ist.The gas sensor according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that the carrier has such a seal that seals the entire free cross-section of the longitudinal bore of the metal housing, ensures reliable resistance to shaking, with their expansion behavior at the occurring temperatures of the expansion of the other Adapts components of the gas sensor and is also of high production reliability in mass production.

Durch die in den abhängigen Ansprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Gassensors möglich. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn für die Dichtung als Elektroisolierpulver Talkum Verwendung findet. Die erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsform des Gassensors eignet sich darüber hinaus besonders gut für die Anordnung einer Klemmkontaktierung der Kontaktflächen auf dem Sensorelement-Träger.The measures listed in the dependent claims allow advantageous developments and improvements of the gas sensor specified in claim 1. It is particularly advantageous if talc is used for the seal as an electrical insulating powder. The embodiment of the gas sensor according to the invention is also particularly well suited for the arrangement of a clamp contact of the contact surfaces on the sensor element carrier.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 einen erfindungsgemäßen Gassensor im Längsschnitt und in vergrößerter Darstellung, Figur 2 die Seitenansicht des in Figur 1 dargestellten Dichtungsbereichs des Gassensors in vergrößerter Darstellung, Figur 3 die Draufsicht auf das untere Formteil der Dichtung gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2, Figur 4 einen Längsschnitt durch einen vergrößert dargestellten Gassensor, dessen Dichtung mit einer Klemmkontaktierung für die Kontaktflächen auf dem Träger kombiniert ist, Figur 5 eine Draufsicht auf die Kontaktführungshülse der Klemmkontaktierung nach Figur 4 in vergrößerter Darstellung und Figur 6 einen Längsschnitt durch eine solche Ausführungsform einer Klemmkontaktierung, bei der mittels eines einzigen Klemmkontaktteils zwei auf verschiedenen Großflächen des Trägers angeordnete Kontaktflächen verbunden sind.Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. 1 shows a gas sensor according to the invention in longitudinal section and in an enlarged view, FIG. 2 shows the side view of the sealing area of the gas sensor shown in FIG. 1 in an enlarged view, FIG. 3 shows a top view of the lower molded part of the seal according to FIGS. 1 and 2, and FIG Longitudinal section through a gas sensor shown on an enlarged scale, the seal of which is combined with a clamp contact for the contact surfaces on the carrier, FIG. 5 shows a plan view of the contact guide sleeve of the clamp contact according to FIG. 4 in an enlarged view, and FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal section through such an embodiment of a clamp contact, in which two contact surfaces arranged on different large surfaces of the carrier are connected by means of a single clamping contact part.

Beschreibung derdescription of AusführungsbeispieleEmbodiments

Der in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellte Gassensor 10 setzt sich im wesentlichen zusammen aus einem Metallgehäuse 11 mit seiner Längsbohrung 12, einer in der Metallgehäuse-Längsbohrung 12 geführten mehrteiligen Dichtung 13, einem die Bauteile der Dichtung 13 zusammendrückenden Federelement 14 und einem von der mehrteiligen Dichtung 13 umfaßten, plättchenförmigen Träger 15, welcher in Längsrichtung durch die Metallgehäuse-Längsbohrung 12 verläuft, auf seinem meßgasseitigen Endabschnitt mindestens ein nicht dargestelltes Sensorelement und gegebenenfalls auch mindestens ein nicht dargestelltes, schichtförmiges Heizelement besitzt.The gas sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 essentially consists of a metal housing 11 with its longitudinal bore 12, a multi-part seal 13 guided in the metal housing longitudinal bore 12, a spring element 14 compressing the components of the seal 13 and one of the multi-part Seal 13 comprised platelet-shaped carrier 15, which extends in the longitudinal direction through the metal housing longitudinal bore 12, has at least one sensor element (not shown) and possibly also at least one layer-shaped heating element (not shown) on its measuring gas-side end section.

Das Metallgehäuse 11 besitzt auf der Außenseite seines meßgasseitigen Endabschnitts ein Einschraubgewinde 16 und zusätzlich auch ein Schlüsselsechskant 17 für den Einbau des Gassensors 10 in einen nicht dargestellten, meßgasführenden Raum; anstelle des Einschraubgewindes 16 und des Schlüsselsechskants 17 können Gassensoren aber auch in Öffnungen von meßgasführenden Räumen eingesteckt werden und gegebenenfalls daran mittels separater Schrauben befestigt sein, welche durch einen gelochten, am Metallgehäuse angeformten Flansch führen. Der anschlußseitige Endabschnitt des Metallgehäuses 11 kann mit einem Außengewinde 18 für einen nicht dargestellten Anschlußstecker versehen sein und gegebenenfalls auch mit einer (nicht dargestellten) Führungsnut für den (nicht dargestellten) Anschlußstecker versehen sein. Der anschlußseitige Endabschnitt des Metallgehäuses 11 ist außerdem noch mit einem Bördelrand 19 ausgestattet, der auf den Randbereich des bevorzugt als Scheibe ausgebildeten Federelements 14 greift.The metal housing 11 has a screw thread 16 on the outside of its measuring gas-side end section and additionally also a key hexagon 17 for the installation of the gas sensor 10 in a measuring gas-carrying space, not shown; Instead of the screw-in thread 16 and the hexagon key 17, gas sensors can also be inserted into openings of measuring gas-carrying spaces and, if necessary, attached to them by means of separate screws which lead through a perforated flange formed on the metal housing. The connection-side end section of the metal housing 11 can be provided with an external thread 18 for a connector, not shown, and optionally also with a guide groove (not shown) for the connector (not shown). The connection-side end section of the metal housing 11 is also equipped with a flanged edge 19 which engages on the edge region of the spring element 14, which is preferably designed as a disk.

Die Längsbohrung 12 des Metallgehäuses 11 bildet zwischen ihrem anschlußseitigen Bereich 12/1 und ihrem meßgasseitigen einen kleineren Durchmesser habenden Bereich 12/2 eine Schulter 20; auf dieser Schulter 20 liegt die Dichtung 13 auf, welche im anschlußseitigen Bereich 12/1 der Gehäuse-Längsbohrung 12. seitlich geführt ist.The longitudinal bore 12 of the metal housing 11 forms a shoulder 20 between its connection-side area 12/1 and its measurement gas-side area 12/2, which has a smaller diameter; on this shoulder 20 lies the seal 13, which is guided laterally in the connection-side area 12/1 of the housing longitudinal bore 12.

Am meßgasseitigen Endabschnitt des Metallgehäuses 11 ist bei der bevorzugten Ausführungsform ein Schutzrohr 21 mit bekannten Mitteln befestigt, das Schlitze 22 für den Ein- und Austritt des Meßgases aufweist und den meßgasseitigen Abschnitt des Trägers 15 mit Abstand umgibt. Derartige Schutzrohre 21 bestehen bevorzugt aus einem wärmebeständigen Material, können jedoch auch aus anderen geeigneten Stoffen, z. B. Keramik, bestehen.In the preferred embodiment, a protective tube 21 is fastened to the measuring gas-side end section of the metal housing 11 by known means, which has slots 22 for the entry and exit of the measuring gas and surrounds the section 15 of the carrier 15 on the measuring gas side at a distance. Such protective tubes 21 are preferably made of a heat-resistant material, but can also be made of other suitable substances, e.g. B. ceramics exist.

Der plättchenförmige Träger 15 des Gassensors 10 ist im meßgasseitigen Bereich seiner Großflächen 23/1 und 23/2 mit (mindestens) einem nicht dargestellten, schichtförmigen Sensorelement versehen, welches über Leiterbahnen 24/1 mit dem anschlußseitigen Endabschnitt des Trägers 15 elektrisch verbunden und mit Kontaktflächen 25/1 ausgestattet ist; entsprechende Kontaktflächen 25/2 und 25/3 sind mit Abstand neben der Kontaktfläche 25/1 angebracht, die über Leiterbahnen 24/2 und 24/3 zu einem nicht dargestellten schichtförmigen Heizelement führen, das sich ebenfalls auf dem meßgasseitigen Endabschnitt des Trägers 15 befindet. Beispiele derartiger Sensoren und Heizelemente sind aus den im Abschnitt "Stand der Technik" genannten Druckschriften zu entnehmen; zusätzlich sei auch auf die DE-A- 28 26 515 verwiesen, welche neben Sensorelementen zur Bestimmung eines Gaspartialdruckes auch Sensorelemente zur Bestimmung der Temperatur, zur Bestimmung der relativen Feuchtigkeit bzw. zur Messung des Taupunktes und auch eine Heizung beschreibt; hingewiesen sei auch auf die DE-A- 31 22 861, welche ein Sensorelement zur Messung des Absolutdruckes von Luft beschreibt. Der Träger 15 kann bei den genannten Sensoren aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Material (z. B. Aluminiumoxid) bestehen, er kann aber auch selbst als aktives Bauteil zum Gassensor gehören - wie es beispielsweise aus der DE-A- 28 55 012 zu entnehmen ist. Für den Fall, daß der Träger 15 selbst als aktives Bauelement des Sensorelementes wirksam ist, wird unter den Leiterbahnen 24/2 und 24/3 des nicht dargestellten Heizelementes in bevorzugter Weise eine nicht dargestellte Isolierschicht (z. B. aus Aluminiumoxid) angebracht, damit keine elektrische Beeinflussung des Signals von auf dem Träger aufgebrachten (nicht dargestellten) Sensorelementen bewirkt wird. Die Leiterbahnen 24/1 bis 24/3 auf der Träger-Großfläche 23/1 werden bevorzugt aus einem Platinmetall (z. B. Platin), im Falle der Leiterbahnen 24/2, 24/3 für das nicht dargestellte Heizelement auch aus Wolfram hergestellt und zumeist mit einem Anteil von etwa 40 Gew.-% eines keramischen Materials versetzt; das mit dem Metall der Leiterbahnen 24/1 bis 24/3 vermischte Keramikmaterial entspricht vorzugsweise dem Material des Trägers 15. Auch das Material der Kontaktflächen 25/1 bis 25/3 besteht bevorzugt aus einem oder mehreren Platinmetallen, bevorzugt ebenfalls mit entsprechendem Keramikanteil; es hat sich gezeigt, daß derartige Kontaktflächen 25/1 bis 25/3 bei Sinterprozessen anlässlich der Herstellung derartiger Gassensoren nicht abschmelzen bzw. nicht abdampfen, daß sie außerdem gute elektrische Kontakteigenschaften besitzen und auch bei höheren Temperaturen diese guten Kontakteigenschaften nicht verlieren. Derartige Kontaktflächen 25/1 bis 25/3 weisen bei Verwendung als Lötanschluß eine Temperaturbeständigkeit bis ca. 500° C auf, sind aber auch für eine Klemmkontaktierung sehr gut geeignet. - Der Träger 15 hat im vorliegenden Beispiel eine Dicke von 1 mm und ist 8 mm breit; die Leiterbahn 24/1 für das nicht dargestellte Sensorelement ist 0,8 mm breit und die beiden Leiterbahnen 24/2 und 24/3 für das nicht dargestellte Heizelement sind 1,5 mm breit. Die Abmessungen von Träger 15, den Leiterbahnen 24/1 bis 24/3, den Kontaktflächen 25/1 bis 25/3 und des Metallgehäuses 11 können den Anwendungszwecken angepaßt werden. Sensorelemente mit Leiterbahnen 24 und Kontaktflächen 25 können auch auf der zweiten Großfläche 23/2 des Trägers 15 aufgebracht werden.The platelet-shaped carrier 15 of the gas sensor 10 is provided in the measuring gas-side region of its large surfaces 23/1 and 23/2 with (at least) one layer-shaped sensor element, not shown, which is electrically connected via conductor tracks 24/1 to the connection-side end section of the carrier 15 and with contact surfaces 25/1 is equipped; Corresponding contact surfaces 25/2 and 25/3 are spaced apart from the contact surface 25/1, which lead via conductor tracks 24/2 and 24/3 to a layered heating element, not shown, which is also located on the measuring gas-side end section of the carrier 15. Examples of such sensors and heating elements can be found in the publications mentioned in the section "prior art"; In addition, reference is also made to DE-A-28 26 515, which describes sensor elements for determining a gas partial pressure as well as sensor elements for determining the temperature, for determining the relative humidity or for measuring the dew point and also a heater; Attention is also drawn to DE-A-31 22 861, which describes a sensor element for measuring the absolute pressure of air. In the case of the sensors mentioned, the carrier 15 can consist of an electrically insulating material (for example aluminum oxide), but it can also itself belong to the gas sensor as an active component - as can be seen, for example, from DE-A-28 55 012. In the event that the carrier 15 itself is effective as an active component of the sensor element, an insulating layer (not made of aluminum oxide, for example), which is not shown, is preferably attached under the conductor tracks 24/2 and 24/3 of the heating element, so that it is not shown there is no electrical influence on the signal from sensor elements (not shown) applied to the carrier. The conductor tracks 24/1 to 24/3 on the large carrier surface 23/1 are preferably made of a platinum metal (for example platinum), in the case of the conductor tracks 24/2, 24/3 for the heating element (not shown) also of tungsten and usually with a proportion of about 40 wt .-% of a ceramic material; the ceramic material mixed with the metal of the conductor tracks 24/1 to 24/3 preferably corresponds to the material of the carrier 15. The material of the contact surfaces 25/1 to 25/3 also preferably consists of one or more platinum metals, preferably also with a corresponding ceramic component; It has been shown that such contact surfaces 25/1 to 25/3 do not melt or evaporate during sintering processes when producing such gas sensors, that they also have good electrical contact properties and do not lose these good contact properties even at higher temperatures. Such contact surfaces 25/1 to 25/3 have a temperature resistance of up to approx. 500 ° C. when used as a solder connection, but are also very good for terminal contacting suitable. - The carrier 15 has a thickness of 1 mm and is 8 mm wide in the present example; the conductor 24/1 for the sensor element, not shown, is 0.8 mm wide and the two conductor tracks 24/2 and 24/3 for the heating element, not shown, are 1.5 mm wide. The dimensions of carrier 15, the conductor tracks 24/1 to 24/3, the contact surfaces 25/1 to 25/3 and the metal housing 11 can be adapted to the purposes of use. Sensor elements with conductor tracks 24 and contact surfaces 25 can also be applied to the second large surface 23/2 of the carrier 15.

Die Dichtung 13 setzt sich im wesentlichen aus drei Bauelementen zusammen: Aus einem unteren Formteil 26, einem oberen Formteil 27 und einem Elektroisolierpulver 28. Die Formteile 26 und 27 bestehen aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Material wie z. B. Aluminiumoxid, sind mit ihrer Umfangsfläche in der Längsbohrung 12/1 des Metallgehäuses 11 geführt und mit ihren einander zugekehrten Stirnseiten 29 und 30 derart mit Abstand zueinanderangeordnet, daß der dadurch gebildete Spalt 31 bis zur Oberfläche der Metallgehäuse-Längsbohrung 12/1 reicht. Die meßgasseitäge Stirnfläche 32 des unteren Formteiles 26 liegt auf der Schulter 20 in der Gehäuse-Längsbohrung 12 auf und die anschlußseits weisende Stirnfläche 33 des oberen Formteiles 27, die bevorzugt etwas ballig oder angeschrägt ausgeführt ist, liegt an dem unter mechanischer Vorspannung stehendem Federelement 14 an; für die Durchführung des Trägers 15 durch das Federelement 14 und auch für an die Stirnfläche 33 des oberen Formteils 27 angeformte Führungsflächen 34 für einen nicht dargestellten Anschlußstecker befindet sich eine Öffnung 35 im Federelement 14.The seal 13 is composed essentially of three components: a lower molded part 26, an upper molded part 27 and an electrical insulating powder 28. The molded parts 26 and 27 consist of an electrically insulating material such as. B. aluminum oxide, are guided with their peripheral surface in the longitudinal bore 12/1 of the metal housing 11 and arranged with their mutually facing end faces 29 and 30 such that the gap 31 thus formed extends to the surface of the metal housing longitudinal bore 12/1. The measuring gas side face 32 of the lower molded part 26 rests on the shoulder 20 in the housing longitudinal bore 12 and the end face 33 of the upper molded part 27 facing the connection side, which is preferably somewhat spherical or bevelled, rests on the spring element 14 which is under mechanical prestress ; There is an opening 35 in the spring element 14 for the passage of the carrier 15 through the spring element 14 and also for guide surfaces 34 formed on the end face 33 of the upper molded part 27 for a connector plug (not shown).

Bei dem unteren Formteil 26 wie auch bei dem oberen Formteil 27 geht von den einander zugekehrten Stirnseiten 29 und 30 je eine kegelstumpfförmige Tasche 36 bzw. 37 aus, deren Durchmesser sich in Richtung auf die Stirnfläche 32 des unteren Formteils 26 bzw. in Richtung auf die Stirnfläche 33 des oberen Formteils 27 verringert und jeweils in einem schlitzförmigen Durchbruch 38 bzw. 39 für den Träger 15 ausläuft. Die in den Formteilen 26 und 27 befindlichen Durchbrüche 38 und 39 liegen eng am Träger 15 an, doch zumindest das obere Formteil 27 ist auf dem Träger 15 bei den vorkommenden Betriebstemperaturen des Gassensors 10 verschiebbar angeordnet. Die Endbereiche der schlitzförmigen Durchbrüche 38 und 39 sind mit zusätzlichen Aufbohrungen 40 versehen, welche sich in Richtung der einander zugekehrten Stirnseiten 29 und 30 der Formteile 26 und 27 hin erweitern (siehe Figur 3).In the lower molded part 26 as well as in the upper molded part 27, a frustoconical pocket 36 and 37 extends from the mutually facing end faces 29 and 30, the diameter of which extends in the direction of the end face 32 of the lower molded part 26 or in the direction of the End face 33 of the upper molded part 27 is reduced and each ends in a slot-shaped opening 38 or 39 for the carrier 15. The openings 38 and 39 located in the molded parts 26 and 27 lie closely against the carrier 15, but at least the upper molded part 27 is displaceably arranged on the carrier 15 at the occurring operating temperatures of the gas sensor 10. The end regions of the slot-shaped openings 38 and 39 are provided with additional bores 40 which widen in the direction of the facing end faces 29 and 30 of the molded parts 26 and 27 (see FIG. 3).

Der von den Taschen 36 und 37 in den Formteilen 26 und 27 gebildete Hohlraum und ebenfalls der zwischen den beiden Formteilen 26 und 27 gebildete Spalt 31 ist mit einem Elektroisolierpulver 28 gefüllt, das bei den in diesem Bereich auftretenden Temperaturen plastisch verformbar bleibt und vorzugsweise aus Talkum besteht. Dieses Elektroisolierpulver 28 wird anläßlich der Montage eines solchen Gassensors 10 zu einem (nicht dargestelltem) Formkörper vorgepreßt und auf dem Träger 15 mittels eines in diesem Formkörper eingeformten (nicht bezeichneten) Längsschlitz aufgefädelt. Das Elektroisolierpulver 28 berührt im Bereich des Spaltes 31 zwischen den beiden Formteilen 26 und 27 das Metallgehäuse 11 und dichtet auch diesen Bereich mit ab. Infolge von Temperaturwechseln auftretende, unterschiedliche Ausdehnungen der Stoffe des Metallgehäuses 11, der Formteile 26, 27 des Trägers 15 und des Elektroisolierpulvers 28 werden aufgrund der beschriebenen Gestaltung und der Funktion des Federelementes 14 sicher ausgeglichen. Die Dichtung 13 erfüllt sicher ihre Funktion, widersteht sicher allen in der Praxis vorkommenden Schüttelbeanspruchungen und gewährleistet eine hohe Fertigungssicherheit in einer Massenproduktion.The cavity formed by the pockets 36 and 37 in the molded parts 26 and 27 and also the gap 31 formed between the two molded parts 26 and 27 is filled with an electrical insulating powder 28 which remains plastically deformable at the temperatures occurring in this area and preferably made of talc consists. This electrical insulating powder 28 is pre-pressed on the assembly of such a gas sensor 10 into a shaped body (not shown) and threaded onto the carrier 15 by means of a longitudinal slot formed in this shaped body (not shown). The electrical insulating powder 28 contacts the metal housing 11 in the area of the gap 31 between the two molded parts 26 and 27 and also seals this area. Different expansions of the materials of the metal housing 11, the molded parts 26, 27 of the carrier 15 and the electrical insulating powder 28 that occur as a result of temperature changes are reliably compensated for on the basis of the described design and the function of the spring element 14. The seal 13 certainly fulfills its function, reliably withstands all shaking stresses that occur in practice and ensures a high level of manufacturing reliability in mass production.

In der Figur 4 ist ein Gassensor 10' gezeigt, der in der Längsbohrung 12/1' seines Metallgehäuses 11' eine erfindungsgemäße Dichtung 13' enthält; das Metallgehäuse 11' unterscheidet sich von dem Metallgehäuse 11 nach Figur 1 dadurch, daß es kein Außengewinde 18 für einen Anschlußstecker und keinen Börde'rand 19 besitzt. Ausschließlich des in Figur 1 dargestellten Federelementes 14, das in vorliegender Figur 4 mit 14' bezeichnet und an anderer Stelle angeordnet ist, entspricht dieser Bereich des Gassensors 10' (einschließlich Träger 15' mit den nicht dargestellten Sensorelementen, Heizelementen, Kontaktflächen und Leiterbahnen und mit dem Schutzrohr 21') dem Gassensor 10 nach Figur 1. Der in dieser Figur 4 dargestellte Gassensor 10' ist derart weitergebildet, daß er mit der erfindungsgemäßen Dichtung 13' vorteilhaft zu einer zugentlasteten Klemmkontaktierung 41 für die (nicht dargestellten) Kontaktflächen auf dem Träger 15' versehen ist. Zu diesem Zweck ist auf der der anschlußseitigen, bevorzugt ebenen Stirnfläche 33' des oberen Dichtungsformteils 27' eine elektrisch isolierende Kontaktführungshülse 42 angeordnet, die in der Metallgehäuse-Längsbohrung 12/1' mit ihrem Umfang fixiert ist und vorzugsweise aus Aluminiumoxid besteht (siehe Figur 5). Diese Kontaktführungshülse 42 besitzt meßgasseits eine koaxiale Vertiefung 43, anschlußseits eine koaxiale Vertiefung 44 und ein zwischen den Vertiefungen 43 und 44 liegendes Zwischenstück 45. In das Zwischenstück 45 der Kontaktführungshülse 42 sind in Längsrichtung des Gassensors 10' ein um den Anschlußbereich des Trägers 15' angeordneter Schlitz 46 mit ebenfalls in Längsrichtung des Gassensors 10' verlaufenden, seitlichen Nuten 47/1 und 47/2 und den Nuten 47/1 bzw. 47/2 zugeordnete Durchgangslöcher 48/1 bzw. 48/2 eingeformt. Jede der Nuten 47/1 bzw. 47/2 mit dem entsprechenden Durchgangsloch 48/1 bzw. 48/2 dient zur Aufnahme und Fixierung eines Klemmkontaktteiles 49/1 bzw. 49/2, das haarnadelförmig gestaltet, mit seinem kurzen, freien Endabschnitt als Klemmkontakt 50 in einer Nut 47 und auf einer (in Figur 4 nicht dargestellten) Kontaktfläche auf dem Träger 15' liegt und mit seinem anderen Schenkel 51 durch ein Durchgangsloch 48 und dann Richtung Anschluß führt. In der bevorzugten Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 4 befindet sich jeweils ein Klemmkontaktteil 49/1 bzw. 49/2 direkt gegenüber auf einer der Großflächen 23/1' und 23/2' des Trägers 15'; es wird durch diese Anordnung vermieden, daß Biegebeanspruchungen auf den anschlußseitigen Bereich des in der Dichtung 13' eingespannten Trägers 15' wirken. Sofern nur auf einer der Großflächen 23/1' bzw. 23/2' des Trägers 15' (nicht dargestelite) Kontaktflächen angeordnet sind, kann ein einziges entsprechendes Kiemmkontaktteil 49 genügen, doch muß dann auf der Gegenseite des Trägers 15' der Schlitz 46 in der Kontaktführungshülse 42 so ausgebildet sein, daß dieser Bereich des Trägers 15' im Schlitz 46 zur Anlage kommt.FIG. 4 shows a gas sensor 10 'which contains a seal 13' according to the invention in the longitudinal bore 12/1 'of its metal housing 11'; The metal housing 11 'differs from the metal housing 11 according to FIG. 1 in that it has no external thread 18 for a connecting plug and no edge 19 on the wall. Exclusively the spring element 14 shown in FIG. 1, which is designated 14 ′ in the present FIG. 4 and is arranged at a different location, this area corresponds to the gas sensor 10 ′ (including the carrier 15 ′ with the sensor elements, heating elements, contact surfaces and conductor tracks (not shown) and with The protective tube 21 '), the gas sensor 10 according to FIG. 1. The gas sensor 10' shown in FIG. 4 is developed in such a way that, with the seal 13 'according to the invention, it advantageously forms a strain-relieved clamping contact 41 for the contact surfaces (not shown) on the carrier 15 'is provided. For this purpose, an electrically insulating contact guide sleeve 42 is arranged on the connection-side, preferably flat end face 33 'of the upper sealing molded part 27', which is fixed with its circumference in the metal housing longitudinal bore 12/1 'and preferably consists of aluminum oxide (see FIG. 5 ). This contact guide sleeve 42 has a coaxial depression 43 on the measuring gas side, a coaxial depression 44 on the connection side and an intermediate piece 45 lying between the depressions 43 and 44. In the intermediate piece 45 of the contact guide sleeve 42 there is arranged around the connection area of the carrier 15 'in the longitudinal direction of the gas sensor 10' Slot 46 is formed with lateral grooves 47/1 and 47/2, which also run in the longitudinal direction of the gas sensor 10 ', and through holes 48/1 and 48/2 assigned to the grooves 47/1 and 47/2. Each of the grooves 47/1 or 47/2 with the corresponding through hole 48/1 or 48/2 serves to receive and fix a clamp contact part 49/1 or 49/2, which is hairpin-shaped, with its short, free end section as clamp contact 50 in a groove 47 and on a contact surface (not shown in FIG. 4) on the carrier 15 ' and leads with its other leg 51 through a through hole 48 and then towards the terminal. In the preferred embodiment according to FIG. 4, a clamping contact part 49/1 or 49/2 is located directly opposite on one of the large surfaces 23/1 'and 23/2' of the carrier 15 '; With this arrangement it is avoided that bending stresses act on the connection-side area of the carrier 15 'clamped in the seal 13'. If contact surfaces are only arranged on one of the large surfaces 23/1 'or 23/2' of the carrier 15 '(not shown), a single corresponding contact contact part 49 may suffice, but the slot 46 in must then be on the opposite side of the carrier 15' the contact guide sleeve 42 may be designed so that this area of the carrier 15 'comes into contact with the slot 46.

Die in die anschlußseitige Vertiefung 44 ragenden Schenkel 51 der Klemmkontaktteile 49 stecken jeweils mit ihrem Endabschnitt in einer metallischen Klemmhülse 52, in welche anschlußseits das abisolierte Ende eines isolierten Anschlußkabels 53 mit hineinführt; der jeweilige Schenkel 51 des Klemmkontaktteils 49 und das jeweilige Anschlußkabel 53 sind in der Klemmhülse 52 durch Klemmprägungen 54 elektrisch miteinander verbunden. Jede Klemmhülse 52 besitzt einen Flansch 55, der sich in der anschlußseitigen Vertiefung 44 der Kontaktführungshülse 42 befindet. Mit einem solchen Flansch 55 liegt jede Klemmhülse 52 auf einer meßgasseits weisenden Fläche 56 eines Elektroisolierkörpers 57. Dieser Elektroisolierkörper 57 ist ebenfalls koaxial zur Längsrichtung des Gassensors 10' angeordnet, in der anschlußseitigen Vertiefung 44 der Kontaktführungshülse 42 zentriert und liegt mit seinem Absatz 58 auf der anschlußseitigen Stirnfläche 59 der Kontaktführungshülse 42 auf. Der Elektroisolierkörper 57 besteht aus Aluminiumoxid oder einem ählichen geeignetem Material und umfaßt in Längsbohrungen 60 die Klemmhülsen 52 und Teile der isolierten Anschlußkabel 53. Der anschlußseitige Endabschnitt dieses Elektroisolierkörpers 57 ist mit einer Schulter 61 versehen, die vorzugsweise nach außen hin etwas schräg abfällt und auf der das Federelement 14' mit seinem um sein Loch 62 angeordneten Bereich aufliegt. Auf die anschlußseitige Stirnfläche 63 des Federelementes 14' greift im Bereich seines äußeren Randes die Schulter 64 einer Metallhülse 65, welche den Gassensor 10' bis in den anschlußseitigen Bereich des Metallgehäuses 11' koaxial umgibt, mittels eingescherter Lappen 66 in Einkerbungen 67 des Metallgehäuses 11' fixiert und gehalten wird und das Federelement 14' unter mechanischer Vorspannung hält. Der anschlußseitige Endabschnitt dieser Metallhülse 65 ist tassenförmig und bodenlos gestaltet und enthält einen gummiartigen, warmfesten Dichtkörper 68, welcher z. B. aus Silicongummi besteht, sich auf dem Federelement 14', der anschlußseitigen Stirnfläche 69 des Elektroisolierkörpers 57 abstützt und in Durchgangslöchern 70 die Anschlußkabel 53 abdichtend umfaßt. - Die Anschlußkabel 53 sind infolge der Klemmhülsen-Flansche 55, welche sich an der Elektroisolierkörper-Fläche 56 abstützen, zugentlastet im Gassensor 10' arretiert.The legs 51 of the clamping contact parts 49 projecting into the connection-side recess 44 each have their end section inserted into a metallic clamping sleeve 52, into which the stripped end of an insulated connecting cable 53 also leads; the respective leg 51 of the clamping contact part 49 and the respective connecting cable 53 are electrically connected to one another in the clamping sleeve 52 by clamping embossments 54. Each clamping sleeve 52 has a flange 55 which is located in the connection-side recess 44 of the contact guide sleeve 42. With such a flange 55, each clamping sleeve 52 lies on a surface 56 of an electrical insulating body 57 facing the measuring gas. This electrical insulating body 57 is also arranged coaxially to the longitudinal direction of the gas sensor 10 ', centered in the connection-side recess 44 of the contact guide sleeve 42 and lies with its shoulder 58 on the connection-side end face 59 of the contact guide sleeve 42. The electrical insulating body 57 is made of aluminum oxide or a similar suitable material and comprises in longitudinal bores 60 the clamping sleeves 52 and parts of the insulated connecting cables 53. The connection-side end section of this electrical insulating body 57 is provided with a shoulder 61, which preferably slopes away somewhat outwardly and on which the spring element 14 'rests with its area arranged around its hole 62. The shoulder 64 of a metal sleeve 65, which coaxially surrounds the gas sensor 10 'as far as the connection-side area of the metal housing 11', engages on the connection-side end face 63 of the spring element 14 'in the region of its outer edge, by means of sheared-in tabs 66 in notches 67 in the metal housing 11'. is fixed and held and the spring element 14 'holds under mechanical pretension. The connection-side end portion of this metal sleeve 65 is cup-shaped and bottomless and contains a rubber-like, heat-resistant sealing body 68, which, for. B. is made of silicone rubber, is supported on the spring element 14 ', the connection-side end face 69 of the electrical insulating body 57 and includes the connecting cable 53 sealingly in through holes 70. - The connecting cables 53 are locked in the gas sensor 10 'due to the clamping sleeve flanges 55, which are supported on the electrical insulating body surface 56.

In der Figur 6 ist eine spezielle Ausführung einer Klemmkontaktierung 41' dargestellt, und zwar für den Fall, daß der Träger 15" auf seinen Großflächen 23/1" und 23/2" jeweils (nicht dargestellte) gegenüberliegende Kontaktflächen besitzt, welche über (nicht dargestellte) Leiterbahnen mit schichtförmigen Sensor- oder Heizelementen (nicht dargestellt) verbunden sind und miteinander verbunden werden sollen. Die Kontaktführungshülse 42' mit ihrem Schlitz 46', einem ersten Durchgangsloch 48/1', einem zweiten Durchgangsloch 48/2' und den Nuten 47/1' und 47/2' ist gegenüber der Kontaktführungshülse 42 in Figur 4 unverändert. Eine neue Form hat hierbei nur das Klemmkontaktteil 49': Aus der mit einem Flansch 55' versehenen Klemmhülse 52', die im Elektroisolierkörper 57' festgelegt ist, tritt der anschlußseits weisende Schenkel 51' des Klemmkontaktteils 49'. Das Klemmkontaktteil49' führt mit diesem Schenkel 51' durch das erste Durchgangsloch 48/2', setzt sich dann rückwärtsweisend in der Nute 47/2' bzw. den Schlitz 46' eintauchend als Klemmkontakt 50/2 für die nicht dargestellte Kontaktfläche auf der. Träger-Großfläche 23/2" fort, ragt in die anschlußseitige Vertiefung 44' der Kontaktführungshülse 42', wendet wiederum seine Verlaufsrichtung und taucht rückwärts in die Nute 47/1' bzw. den Schlitz 46' und liegt als Klemmkontakt 50/1 auf der nicht dargestellten Kontaktfläche auf der Träger-Großfläche 23/1". Das Klemmkontaktteil 49' wendet in der Kontaktführungshülsen-Vertiefung 43' nochmals seine Verlaufsrichtung und taucht in das zweite Durchgangsloch 48/1' in der Kontaktführungshülse 42'. Bei dieser Ausführungsform einer Klemmkontaktierung 41' ist für zwei auf dem Träger 15" gegenüberliegende Kontaktflächen (nicht dargestellt) nur ein einziges Klemmkontaktteil 49' erforderlich und es ist dennoch dafür gesorgt, daß auf den anschlußseitigen Endbereich des in der Dichtung 13" gehaltenen Trägers 15" keine Biegekräfte wirken.FIG. 6 shows a special embodiment of a clamping contact 41 ', specifically in the event that the carrier 15 "has opposite contact surfaces on its large surfaces 23/1" and 23/2 "(not shown), which have (not interconnects are connected to layered sensor or heating elements (not shown) and are to be connected to one another The contact guide sleeve 42 'with its slot 46', a first through hole 48/1 ', a second through hole 48/2' and the grooves 47 / 1 'and 47/2' is unchanged compared to the contact guide sleeve 42 in Figure 4. Only the clamp contact part 49 'has a new shape here: the clamp sleeve 52' provided with a flange 55 ', which is fixed in the electrical insulating body 57', emerges the leg 51 'on the connection side of the clamping contact part 49'. The clamping contact part 49 'leads with this leg 51' through the first through hole 48/2 'and then sits backwards in the groove 47 / 2 'or the slot 46' dipping as a clamping contact 50/2 for the contact surface, not shown, on the. Large support surface 23/2 "continues, protrudes into the connection-side recess 44 'of the contact guide sleeve 42', in turn turns its direction and plunges backwards into the groove 47/1 'or the slot 46' and lies as a clamping contact 50/1 on the contact area, not shown, on the large carrier area 23/1 ". The clamping contact part 49 'in the contact guide sleeve recess 43' turns its direction again and dips into the second through hole 48/1 'in the contact guide sleeve 42'. In this embodiment of a clamp contact 41 ', only one clamp contact part 49' is required for two contact surfaces (not shown) opposite one another on the carrier 15 ", and it is nevertheless ensured that the carrier 15" held in the seal 13 "on the connection-side end region. no bending forces act.

Claims (12)

1. Gas sensor with a wafer-like sensor-element carrier (15), especially for exhaust gases of internal-combustion engines, which carries at least one conductor track equipped on the measuring-gas side with a sensor element or a heating element and on the connection side with at least one contact face (25/1 to 25/3) and is fixed longitudinally in the longitudinal bore (12) of a metal housing (11) and which is surrounded, between its connection region and its measuring region, by a sealing means (13), through the slit-shaped perforation (38) of which it is guided and which is guided in the longitudinal bore (12) of the metal housing (11) and has two electric ally insulating mouldings (26, 27) arranged above one another and forming between them a coaxial pocket (36/37) containing a sealant (28), characterized in that the two electrically insulating mouldings (26, 27) of the sealing means (13), which are arranged above one another, are separated from one another by a gap (31), and in that there is in this gap (31) and in the pocket (36/37) formed between the two mouldings (26, 27) an electrically insulating powder (28) which is yielding even at working temperatures and which is held pressed together indirectly by means of at least one spring element (14).
2. Gas sensor according to Claim 1,
characterized in that the electrically insulating powder (28) is talcum.
3. Gas sensor according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pocket (36/37) in the mouldings (26, 27) of the sealing means widens in the direction of the gap (31) and is preferably of conical shape.
4. Gas sensor acording to Claim 3,
characterized in that, in the regions of end portions of the slit-shaped perforation (38) for the carrier (15), the pocket (36, 37) has additional drilled-open portions (40) which widen in the direction of the gap (31).
5. Gas sensor according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the metal housing (11), in its end portion located on the connection side, has a flanged edge (19) which holds together directly or indirectly the mouldings (26, 27) of the sealing means, the electrically insulating powder (38) and the spring element (14).
6. Gas sensor according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the contact faces (25/1 to 25/3) of the conductor tracks (24/1 to 24/3) project from the end face (33, 33'), on the connection side, of the moulding (27, 27') of the sealing means located on the connection side.
7. Gas sensor according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an electrically insulating contact guide sleeve (42) stands coaxially on the end face (33'), on the connection side, of the moulding (27) of the sealing means located on the connection side and has a slit (46) which surrounds the carrier (15') in the region of its contact faces and which contains terminal contact parts (49/1, 49/2) connected electrically to connecting cables (53), and in that, on the connection side, there stands guided coaxially on the contact guide sleeve (42) an electrically insulating body (57), through which longitudinal bores (60) for the connecting cables (53) are guided and on which acts coaxially a spring element (14') which presses together the sealing means (13'), the contact guide sleeve (42) and the electrically insulating body (57) and which is held directly or indirectly by the metal housing (11').
8. Gas sensor according to Claim 7,
characterized in that there rests on the end face (63), on the connection side, of the spring element (14') the shoulder (64) of a metal sleeve (65) which is fastened coaxially to the metal housing (11') and which keeps the spring element (14') under mechanical pre-stress.
9. Gas sensor according to Claim 8,
characterized in that the contact guide sleeve (42) for each terminal contact part (49/1 49/2) has a through-hole (48/1 48/2) which is located next to the slit (46) and through which is guided one leg (51) of the hairpin-shaped terminal contact part (49/1,49/2), and in that the free end portion of the last-mentioned leg (51) is connected to a connecting cable (53) by means of a clamping bush (52).
10. Gas sensor according to Claim 9,
characterized in that the slit (46) located in the contact guide sleeve (42) has laterally perpendicular grooves (47/1,47/2) for guiding terminal contacts (50).
11. Gas sensor according to Claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the clamping bushes (52) are each guided in a longitudinal bore (60) in the electrically insulating body (57) and at the same time rest by means of a flange (55) against a face (56) of the electrically insulating body (57) pointing towards the sealing means (13').
12. Gas sensor according to one of Claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the terminal contact part (49') used for contact faces which are arranged on both large surfaces (23/1", 23/2") of the carrier (15") and which are located directly opposite one another and are to be connected to one another is one which is equipped with only a single leg (51') which is fastened in a clamping bush (52') and which is initially guided through a first through-hole (48/2') in the contact guide sleeve (42'), then penetrates in the form of a hairpin through the slit (46') and finally projects into or through a second through-hole (48/1').
EP83101222A 1982-02-26 1983-02-09 Gas sensor, especially for gases of combustion engines Expired EP0087626B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3206903 1982-02-26
DE19823206903 DE3206903A1 (en) 1982-02-26 1982-02-26 GAS SENSOR, ESPECIALLY FOR EXHAUST GAS FROM COMBUSTION ENGINES

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EP0087626A2 EP0087626A2 (en) 1983-09-07
EP0087626A3 EP0087626A3 (en) 1984-12-19
EP0087626B1 true EP0087626B1 (en) 1987-05-20

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EP83101222A Expired EP0087626B1 (en) 1982-02-26 1983-02-09 Gas sensor, especially for gases of combustion engines

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US (1) US4818363A (en)
EP (1) EP0087626B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS58156845A (en)
DE (2) DE3206903A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS58156845A (en) 1983-09-17
EP0087626A3 (en) 1984-12-19
DE3206903A1 (en) 1983-09-15
DE3371698D1 (en) 1987-06-25
EP0087626A2 (en) 1983-09-07
US4818363A (en) 1989-04-04
JPH032255B2 (en) 1991-01-14

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