EP0086701B1 - Perfectionnement aux dispositifs de forage - Google Patents

Perfectionnement aux dispositifs de forage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0086701B1
EP0086701B1 EP83400254A EP83400254A EP0086701B1 EP 0086701 B1 EP0086701 B1 EP 0086701B1 EP 83400254 A EP83400254 A EP 83400254A EP 83400254 A EP83400254 A EP 83400254A EP 0086701 B1 EP0086701 B1 EP 0086701B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
elements
diaphragm
liquid
drilling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83400254A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0086701A1 (fr
Inventor
Joseph Paul Suied
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT83400254T priority Critical patent/ATE21434T1/de
Publication of EP0086701A1 publication Critical patent/EP0086701A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0086701B1 publication Critical patent/EP0086701B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
    • E21B10/32—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools
    • E21B10/322—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools cutter shifted by fluid pressure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improvement to drilling devices and is particularly applicable to drilling in the ground, rock or concrete.
  • Tools for increasing the diameter of a well bottom are already known, which tools have a cylindrical shape with elements that can be tilted between a retracted position in which they do not protrude outside the cylindrical wall of the tool and a position emerging in which they emerge from this wall and allow, thanks to the rotation of the tool, to dig a circular groove in the wall of the hole.
  • the tilting of these elements between the retracted position and the emerging position is ensured by means of individual jacks (GB-A-1 602 317) or a central plunger mechanically connected to said elements and whose axial position determines the tilting angle elements.
  • Such a device is however quite complex and does not lend itself to miniaturization.
  • the mechanical connection between the elements and the plunger may be subject to jamming or poor distribution of forces.
  • the tilting element does not work under the same conditions as it tilts, which influences both the characteristics of the work and the geometry of the recess obtained.
  • US-A-2 334 788 discloses a drilling device which comprises a tool capable of being inserted into and removed from a hole and includes digging elements capable of being moved between a position retracted inside the cylindrical surface of the tool and an emerging position in which the rotation of the tool causes a groove in the wall of the hole to be hollowed out by said elements, which tool has a radially sealed coaxial membrane expandable, on which the digging elements are arranged and whose expansion causes said elements to pass from the retracted position to the emerging position and vice versa.
  • the interior of the membrane communicates permanently with the part of the hole situated below the membrane, which makes it possible either to cause the mud contained in this part of the hole to flow back towards the interior of the membrane, either to expel from the interior of the membrane washing water which is introduced therein by means of pressurization and which then rises between the wall of the hole and the outer surface of the membrane. Because of this construction, it is impossible to control the volume of wash water that enters and leaves the membrane, and therefore the degree of expansion or contraction of the membrane. Ultimately, this construction also does not allow proper control of the work which is performed out of the sight of the operator.
  • the present invention proposes to remedy the drawbacks mentioned above and relates to a drilling device of the type which comprises a tool capable of being inserted into and removed from a hole and includes digging elements capable of be moved between a retracted position inside the cylindrical surface of the tool and an emerging position in which the rotation of the tool causes a groove in the wall of the hole to be hollowed out by said elements, which tool has a waterproof, radially expandable coaxial membrane on which the digging elements are arranged and the expansion of which causes said elements to pass from the retracted position to the emerging position and vice versa, characterized in that the interior of the membrane is closed, in operation, excluding its communication with a conduit connecting the interior of said membrane to a source of liquid pressurized by appropriate means.
  • document US-A-2 438 673 describes a device, intended to scrape the internal wall of a casing or a well, in which washing water introduced under pressure into the tool s 'escapes from the base of the tool, by establishing in it a back pressure which tends to push individually scraping tools outwards.
  • the digging elements produced for example in the form of bars or diamond sectors, are distributed equiangularly around the membrane and these elements are advantageously mounted on metal sectors whose internal wall is in contact with the wall outer of the membrane so that the expansion of the membrane causes a radial displacement of said sectors, and consequently of the digging elements which they support while the retraction of the membrane causes their withdrawal in the retracted position.
  • the body of the tool provides radial guide means for the digging elements and / or for said sectors which support these elements.
  • These guide means can be composed of simple grooves in the cylindrical wall of the tool.
  • the membrane produced for example from an elastomer such as neoprene, can be in the form of a cylindrical jacket, the two ends of which are crimped or clamped suitably between the body of the tool and crimping parts. , one of said crimping parts being provided with a channel for the passage of the liquid between the liquid supply pipe and the interior of the membrane which forms the expansion chamber.
  • the device comprises, far from the tool, a liquid chamber in which it is possible to measure either visually or by any other means, the variation in volume of liquid in the chamber which reflects the variation in volume of the membrane and consequently the distance of the radial displacement of the digging elements. It is thus possible at all times to know what is the exact geometrical conformation of the tool and therefore the diameter of the groove being dug.
  • the device can also include a manometer or any pressure indicator making it possible to check if there is no leak, which makes it possible to be sure that the variation in volume of liquid observed does correspond to a radial displacement of the elements of digging.
  • the means for establishing the pressure may advantageously consist of a compressor, which may preferably be reversible so as to establish, at the end of actuation, a vacuum which causes the retraction of the membrane and, consequently, the withdrawal of the elements of digging.
  • this retraction can also be ensured by elastic means, which may possibly be constituted by the elasticity of the membrane or by auxiliary means, making it possible to return the membrane and the digging elements to their initial retracted position when the pressure has decreased sufficiently in the chamber limited by the membrane.
  • the device according to the invention as described in the example comprises at the end of an elongated cylindrical rod 1, provided over its entire length with a central passage 2, a tool 3 screwed onto the end of the rod 1, thanks to a thread 4. Upwards the rod 1 continues to a second end by which it is mounted on motor means making it possible to rotate it around its axis, inside a cylindrical hole of slightly larger diameter, previously drilled, and which shows the cylindrical wall 5 and the bottom 6.
  • the tool 3 itself is presented in a cylindrical outer space having the same diameter as the rod 1, the part of the tool 3 screwed on the rod 1 extending downwards by three arms 7 delimiting between them fe ⁇ .tes elongated 8 arranged around a votu '.e interior 9.
  • the three lower ends of the arms 7 have a notched portion 10 which is received in a corresponding groove of an end piece 11, in which it is held by suitable rings.
  • the part 11 has a frustoconical central passage 12 while the tool 3 also has a recess having, towards the volume 9, a frustoconical bearing 13 which tapers downwards.
  • a crimping tip 14 Inside this passage is screwed a crimping tip 14 thanks to a suitable thread 15, this tip extending by a frustoconical bearing 16 corresponding to the bearing 13. It is thus possible to come crimp or tighten, during screwing of the end-piece 14, a cylindrical elastomer jacket 17, the other end of which is placed around a frustoconical crimping plug 18 which, when it is introduced into the frustoconical passage 12 and advanced downward in this passage thanks to a nut 19 cooperating with its thread 20, makes it possible to tightly crimp the lower end of the membrane formed by the elastomeric jacket 17.
  • the interior 21 of the jacket 17 forms a volume constituting an expansion chamber which is in communication with the passage 2 of the rod 1, thanks to a channel 22 formed in the end piece 14.
  • the end of the rod is preferably connected by a rotating joint, to a conduit for constant volume 25 in communication with the passage 2.
  • the conduit 25 leads to a vertical cylindrical chamber 26 at the upper end of which leads a pipe 27 which, by a valve 28, is connected to a source of air pressure 29 such as '' a compressor or a compressed air tank.
  • a second pipe 30 is connected to a valve 31 to form a vent.
  • the characteristics of the elastic membrane 17 are such that even when the tool is brought into a vertical position at the lower end of the rod 1, the hydrostatic pressure of the liquid contained in the chamber 26, the conduit 25, the passage 2, the channel 22 and the chamber 21, is incapable of exerting a significant deformation of the membrane 17.
  • the liquid level is represented by the dashed line 32, most of the chamber 26 then being filled with liquid.
  • valve 31 being closed, the valve 28 is then opened and the air pressure in the chamber 26 begins to rise above the liquid surface. This then pushes the liquid towards the chamber 21 where the membrane 17 will then deform by expanding radially outwards, pushing radially outward the segments 23 and the elements 24 which are guided radially by the edges of the extensions 7 which determine the slots 8. If at the same time the rod 1 and the tool 3 rotate around their common axis, it is understood that the digging elements 24, which rotate while rubbing against the wall 5, will dig gradually in this a groove whose cross section corresponds to the part of element 24 which penetrates into the material. In doing so, the liquid level begins to drop in chamber 26.
  • the air pressure inside the chamber 26 is constantly displayed by a pressure gauge 34.
  • the pressure gauge 34 displays sufficient pressure, it is certain that there is no leak and that the drop the level of the liquid in the chamber 26 corresponds well to an increase in the value of the volume of the chamber 21 formed by the membrane 17.
  • digging elements 24 in the form of rectilinear bars extending almost over the entire length of the membrane 17, these elements can be replaced by several elements of shorter length axially spaced from one another. Similarly, the section and the profile of the digging elements 24 can vary as desired.
  • the device according to the invention which allows the drilling of a groove at the bottom of a hole, can also be arranged to allow drilling the hole itself. It suffices to provide at the lower end of the tool 3, a suitable drilling tool so that the hole is drilled first and then, preferably stopping the descent of the tool, the digging is then carried out. throat through the expansion of the elements 24 from the retracted position to the emerging position.
  • the digging elements 24 may not be diamond-coated, in particular when they have to work in a soft rock (chalk for example). They can be made up or coated with any suitable abrasive material.
  • the membrane or sheath 17 can be arranged around a rigid tube; the channel 22 is then placed in communication with a chamber 21, of annular shape, which is between the membrane 17 and the tube in question.
  • the channel 22 comprises two branches, one for supplying the liquid capable of swelling the membrane 17 (as described above) and the other for bringing into the region of the slots 8 a liquid used for cooling the digging elements 24.
  • the second branch of the channel 22 opens out at the bottom of such a tube so that the coolant can rise up the along the digging tools 24.
  • the aforesaid supply system is arranged so as to bring the liquid down towards the tool 1 first with pressure increase until the elements 24 come into contact with the wall 5, then with maintenance of the optimum cutting pressure until the end of work, then allowing the said liquid to rise until the digging elements are released 24.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
EP83400254A 1982-02-11 1983-02-07 Perfectionnement aux dispositifs de forage Expired EP0086701B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83400254T ATE21434T1 (de) 1982-02-11 1983-02-07 Bohrvorrichtung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8202224 1982-02-11
FR8202224A FR2521209A1 (fr) 1982-02-11 1982-02-11 Outil de forage a organe coupant expansible

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0086701A1 EP0086701A1 (fr) 1983-08-24
EP0086701B1 true EP0086701B1 (fr) 1986-08-13

Family

ID=9270882

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83400254A Expired EP0086701B1 (fr) 1982-02-11 1983-02-07 Perfectionnement aux dispositifs de forage

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4503919A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0086701B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS58176390A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE21434T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1188678A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3365208D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2521209A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5010967A (en) * 1989-05-09 1991-04-30 Smith International, Inc. Milling apparatus with replaceable blades
JPH07116902B2 (ja) * 1990-01-26 1995-12-18 三谷セキサン株式会社 拡底用掘削刃の開閉装置
BE1012545A3 (fr) 1999-03-09 2000-12-05 Security Dbs Elargisseur de trou de forage.
BE1014047A3 (fr) * 2001-03-12 2003-03-04 Halliburton Energy Serv Inc Elargisseur de trou de forage.
US7036611B2 (en) 2002-07-30 2006-05-02 Baker Hughes Incorporated Expandable reamer apparatus for enlarging boreholes while drilling and methods of use
US6886633B2 (en) 2002-10-04 2005-05-03 Security Dbs Nv/Sa Bore hole underreamer
US6929076B2 (en) 2002-10-04 2005-08-16 Security Dbs Nv/Sa Bore hole underreamer having extendible cutting arms
US20040195006A1 (en) * 2003-04-04 2004-10-07 Groves William G. Under-reamer tool
US6973978B2 (en) * 2003-04-23 2005-12-13 Varel International, Ltd. Drilling tool having an expandable bladder and method for using same
RU2229582C1 (ru) * 2003-07-30 2004-05-27 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ИНКОС" Гидравлический раздвижной расширитель буровых скважин
US7658241B2 (en) 2004-04-21 2010-02-09 Security Dbs Nv/Sa Underreaming and stabilizing tool and method for its use
WO2005124094A1 (fr) 2004-06-09 2005-12-29 Halliburton Energy Services N.V. Outil d’elargissement et de stabilisation a mettre en oeuvre dans un trou de forage
US7350596B1 (en) * 2006-08-10 2008-04-01 Attaya James S Methods and apparatus for expanding the diameter of a borehole
US7900717B2 (en) * 2006-12-04 2011-03-08 Baker Hughes Incorporated Expandable reamers for earth boring applications
US8657039B2 (en) * 2006-12-04 2014-02-25 Baker Hughes Incorporated Restriction element trap for use with an actuation element of a downhole apparatus and method of use
US20100224414A1 (en) * 2009-03-03 2010-09-09 Baker Hughes Incorporated Chip deflector on a blade of a downhole reamer and methods therefore
US8297381B2 (en) * 2009-07-13 2012-10-30 Baker Hughes Incorporated Stabilizer subs for use with expandable reamer apparatus, expandable reamer apparatus including stabilizer subs and related methods
CN105758693B (zh) * 2016-04-29 2018-07-17 河南理工大学 一种在圆盘岩样上制作裂缝和中心圆孔的实验装置及方法
CN105865872B (zh) * 2016-04-29 2018-08-24 河南理工大学 制备与标准岩样轴向成不同角度裂缝的实验装置及方法

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2334788A (en) * 1940-08-12 1943-11-23 Charles M O'leary Hydraulic bore cleaner and cement shoe
US2438673A (en) * 1945-02-20 1948-03-30 Thomas E Mcmahan Well tool
US2627925A (en) * 1950-02-18 1953-02-10 Bernice M Scivally Casing scraper
US3415331A (en) * 1965-10-25 1968-12-10 Bsp Co Ltd Process and an apparatus for bringing under control an unexpectedly producing well
US3439740A (en) * 1966-07-26 1969-04-22 George E Conover Inflatable testing and treating tool and method of using
US3556233A (en) * 1968-10-04 1971-01-19 Lafayette E Gilreath Well reamer with extensible and retractable reamer elements
US3690166A (en) * 1969-05-09 1972-09-12 C Fitzhugh Grice Apparatus for measuring subsurface soil characteristics
GB1586163A (en) * 1976-07-06 1981-03-18 Macdonald Pneumatic Tools Fluid operated undercutter
FR2372312A1 (fr) * 1976-11-25 1978-06-23 Menard Tech Louis Procede et dispositif pour faciliter le deplacement, dans un trou de forage, d'une sonde dilatee par un fluide incompressible
GB1602317A (en) * 1977-03-31 1981-11-11 Booth W S Method of making ground anchor or pile
SU761694A1 (ru) * 1977-12-23 1980-09-07 Do Politekh Inst Инструмент для бурения в угольных пластах 1
US4253676A (en) * 1979-06-15 1981-03-03 Halliburton Company Inflatable packer element with integral support means

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2521209B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1984-08-24
US4503919A (en) 1985-03-12
CA1188678A (en) 1985-06-11
JPH0233832B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1990-07-31
EP0086701A1 (fr) 1983-08-24
DE3365208D1 (en) 1986-09-18
JPS58176390A (ja) 1983-10-15
ATE21434T1 (de) 1986-08-15
FR2521209A1 (fr) 1983-08-12

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