EP0083043B1 - Wearing part - Google Patents

Wearing part Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0083043B1
EP0083043B1 EP82111762A EP82111762A EP0083043B1 EP 0083043 B1 EP0083043 B1 EP 0083043B1 EP 82111762 A EP82111762 A EP 82111762A EP 82111762 A EP82111762 A EP 82111762A EP 0083043 B1 EP0083043 B1 EP 0083043B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
layer
layers
range
titanium
wearing part
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EP82111762A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0083043A1 (en
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Wilfried Dr. Schintlmeister
Wolfgang Wallgram
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Metallwerk Plansee GmbH
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Metallwerk Plansee GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wearing part, in particular a hard metal cutting insert for machining, with a multilayer hard material coating, at least one layer being embodied as an oxide layer.
  • Such a wear part is known from DE-AS 2253745, the inner layer of the carbide base body which is initially located and consists of one or more carbides and / or nitrides of the elements Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Si and / or B and the outer layer of which consists of one or more extremely wear-resistant deposits made of aluminum oxide and / or zirconium oxide.
  • a disadvantage of this wearing part is that cracks can occur in the pure oxide top layers and that in many cases the oxide layers have insufficient adhesive strength and flake off.
  • the brittleness of the oxide layer increases rapidly with increasing layer thickness.
  • the structure changes very disadvantageously, so that in practice such wear parts are limited to the use of a comparatively very thin layer of a few micrometers or a thicker layer does not bring any additional advantages. This in turn limits the service life of wearing parts, e.g. from indexable inserts to machining, crucial.
  • DE-OS 2317447 which represents an additional application to the aforementioned E-AS 2253745, describes a wearing part, the outer cover layer of which consists of one or more deposits of ceramic oxides, the oxides of the elements Si in particular being in addition to the oxides mentioned in the main patent , B, Ca, Mg, Ti and / or Hf are listed and the formation of mixed oxides is generally included in the application. Individual mixed oxides are not particularly emphasized.
  • DE-AS 2851584 discloses a composite body, preferably with a hard metal base body, in which on the base body one or more layers of one or more carbides and / or nitrides of the elements Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Si, B and on this layer or layers one or more layers of a mixture of at least one oxide and at least one nitride and / or of at least one oxynitride of the elements Cr, Al, Ca, Mg, Th , Sc, Y, La, Ti, Hf, V, Nb, Ta are arranged, the nitrogen content of the outermost layer being 0.1 to 30 atom%, preferably 0.2 to 15 atom%.
  • the only example describes the following layer structure on hard metal: TiC, 4 Jl m + Al 2 O 2.8 N 0.2 , 2-3 Jlm.
  • carbide wear parts in particular have been known, in which the outer layer consists of a large number of layers of alternating Ti (C, N) and Al 2 (O, N), this embodiment also being within the scope of protection of DE-AS 2917348 falls.
  • the object on which the invention is based is to create a wearing part, in particular a hard metal cutting insert for machining with a multi-layer hard material coating, at least one layer being designed as an oxide layer, which has improved wear resistance and improved wear resistance compared to known wearing parts Has adhesive strength of the hard material coating.
  • the wearing part according to the invention has a significantly increased wear resistance as well as an excellent adhesive strength of the hard material coating compared to known multi-layer coated wearing parts, so that there is a considerably longer service life of the wearing part.
  • These unexpectedly good properties are achieved by the incorporation of boron in the aluminum oxide layers with the simultaneous incorporation of oxygen components in the oxycarbide, oxycarbonitride, oxynitride, oxiboride, oxibornitride and oxiborocarbonitride intermediate layers.
  • oxygen and boron contents of the individual layers are within the specified limits.
  • the influence of oxygen can practically no longer be determined below 0.1% by weight.
  • the hardness of the intermediate layers drops very quickly and does not increase the wear resistance of the layer structure according to the invention.
  • an underlayer between the base body and the coating according to the invention.
  • This underlayer preferably has a single or multi-layer structure consisting of one or more carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides, borides or boron nitrides of the elements of IV. To VI. Group of the periodic table.
  • titanium oxycarbonitride and / or titanium oxynitride with a layer thickness of 0.05 to 1 ⁇ m directly on a base body made of hard metal or over a base layer and then a single aluminum-boron mixed oxide layer with a layer thickness from 2 to 10 ⁇ m.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides that directly on a base body made of hard metal or over an underlayer of a coating, consisting of a layer of titanium oxycarbonitride and / or titanium oxynitride with a layer thickness of 0.1 to 1 ⁇ m and subsequently of 2 to 8 aluminum-boron mixed oxide layers having layer thicknesses of 0.3 to 2 microns, respectively, alternating with 1 to 7 layers of Titanoxikarbonitrid and / or titanium oxynitride of the layer thicknesses of 0.05 to 0.5 m Jl are applied.
  • the titanium oxycarbonitride and / or titanium oxynitride layers preferably have an oxygen content of 0.5 to 3% by weight, while the aluminum-boron mixed oxide layers preferably have a boron content of 0.04-0.4% by weight. -% exhibit.
  • this multilayered layer structure according to the invention results in a further increase in the toughness of the coating with an excellent adhesive strength of the individual layers and thus in an unexpected increase in the wear resistance under impact stress compared to a layer structure according to the invention which contains only one aluminum-boron mixed oxide layer of the wearing part.
  • a particularly preferred underlayer starting from a base body made of hard metal, has the layer sequence titanium carbide and / or titanium carbonitride and / or titanium nitride with a total layer thickness of 1 to 8 ⁇ m .
  • the aluminum-boron mixed oxides partially contain titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, chromium and / or magnesium oxides.
  • the mixed oxides can also have a nitrogen content of 0.14-2.76% by weight (0.2 to 4 atomic%).
  • the hard material coating of the wearing part according to the invention is preferably carried out by the CVD process, the chemical composition of the individual layers being determined by appropriate mixing ratios of the reaction gases.
  • Another preferred method for producing the wearing part according to the invention is that the individual layers of appropriate chemical composition are produced both by deposition using the CVD method and by interdiffusion between adjacent layers.
  • the introduction of the oxygen fractions into the oxycarbide, oxycarbonitride, oxynitride, oxiboride, oxibornitride and / or oxiborocarbonitride layers can take place both via an appropriate gas mixture composition, for example CO 2 H z O vapor, air, O 2 or contain other oxidizing gases, as well as by interdiffusion from the adjacent aluminum-boron mixed oxide layers.
  • This interdiffusion can be carried out, for example, by a temperature treatment between or after the individual coating runs at a temperature which is above the coating temperature, or during the coating travel of the aluminum-boron mixed oxide layers by means of an increased supply of oxygen in the gas mixture.
  • indexable inserts made of carbide of the UIOT grade / composition 6% Co, 5% TiC, 5% (TaC + NbC), 84% WC coatings corresponded to the USO application group MIO / and the shape SPGN 120308 EN in 5 different layer construction variants applied according to the table below.
  • the indexable inserts were cleaned, installed in the coating chamber of a prototype system from the applicant, heated to the coating temperature under protective gas and coated under the following coating conditions.
  • Variants 4 and 5 are provided with a layer structure according to the invention. These variants are compared with variants 1 to 3, which have a layer structure which differs from the invention and is known in one case, in a machining test.
  • the wear mark width v B of the open area wear was measured after a rotation time of 5 min.
  • the single-layer Al 2 O 3 or aluminum-boron mixed oxide layer is replaced by 4 layers, that by 3 Ti (C, N) or 3 Ti (C, N, 0) intermediate layers are connected.
  • a Ti (C 0.6 , N 0.4 ) layer was deposited on indexable inserts of the same type as in Example 1 and a TiN layer was deposited thereon.
  • the further layer structure was carried out in two variants, variant 2 representing a layer structure according to the invention.
  • the coating was carried out under reduced pressure. The wear resistance of the individual variants was again compared with one another in a machining test.
  • Oxygen content of the Ti (C, N, O) layers approx. 2% by weight.
  • the end of the service life was given by scour wear in both variants.
  • the end of the service life was 32 minutes for variant 1 and 41 minutes for variant 2 according to the invention.
  • the invention is not limited to hard metal base bodies.
  • the layer structure according to the invention also leads to other base materials such as e.g. with high-speed steel, stellite or other heat-resistant alloys, this leads to an unexpectedly large increase in wear resistance.
  • the invention is not limited to machining tools. Rather, it also extends to tools for non-cutting machining such as drawing dies and the like. As well as to tools that are mainly exposed to eroding wear, such as. B. rock drilling.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verschleissteil, insbesondere einen Hartmetall-Schneideinsatz zur spanabhebenden Bearbeitung, mit einem mehrschichtigen Hartstoff-Überzug, wobei mindestens eine Schicht als Oxidschicht ausgeführt ist.The invention relates to a wearing part, in particular a hard metal cutting insert for machining, with a multilayer hard material coating, at least one layer being embodied as an oxide layer.

Aus der DE-AS 2253745 ist ein derartiges Verschleissteil bekannt, dessen dem Hartmetall-Grundkörper zunächst liegende innere Schicht aus einem oder mehreren Karbiden und/oder Nitriden der Elemente Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Si und/oder B besteht und dessen äussere Schicht aus einer oder mehreren extrem verschleissfesten Ablagerungen aus Aluminium-Oxid und/oder Zirkon-Oxid besteht.Such a wear part is known from DE-AS 2253745, the inner layer of the carbide base body which is initially located and consists of one or more carbides and / or nitrides of the elements Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Si and / or B and the outer layer of which consists of one or more extremely wear-resistant deposits made of aluminum oxide and / or zirconium oxide.

Nachteilig bei diesem Verschleissteil ist, dass es in den reinen Oxid-Decksichten zu Rissen kommen kann und dass die Oxid-Schichten in vielen Fällen eine ungenügende Haftfestigkeit aufweisen und abplatzen. Die Sprödigkeit der Oxidschicht nimmt mit wachsender Schichtdicke rasch zu. Dabei verändert sich das Gefüge sehr nachteilig, so dass man bei derartigen Verschleissteilen in der Praxis auf die Verwendung einer vergleichsweise sehr dünnen Schicht von wenigen Mikrometern Dicke beschränkt ist bzw. eine dickere Schicht keine zusätzlichen Vorteile bringt. Dieser Umstand beschränkt wiederum die Standzeit von Verschleissteilen, z.B. von Wendeschneidplatten zur spanabhebenden Bearbeitung, entscheidend.A disadvantage of this wearing part is that cracks can occur in the pure oxide top layers and that in many cases the oxide layers have insufficient adhesive strength and flake off. The brittleness of the oxide layer increases rapidly with increasing layer thickness. The structure changes very disadvantageously, so that in practice such wear parts are limited to the use of a comparatively very thin layer of a few micrometers or a thicker layer does not bring any additional advantages. This in turn limits the service life of wearing parts, e.g. from indexable inserts to machining, crucial.

In der DE-OS 2317447, die eine Zusatzanmeldung zur eigangs erwähnten D E-AS 2253745 darstellt, ist ein Verschleissteil beschrieben, dessen äussere Deckschicht aus einer oder mehreren Ablagerungen keramischer Oxide besteht, wobei neben den im Hauptpatent genannten Oxiden insbesondere die Oxide der Elemente Si, B, Ca, Mg, Ti und/oder Hf aufgezählt sind und auch die Ausbildung von Mischoxiden in der Anmeldung allgemein mit eingeschlossen ist. Einzelne Mischoxide sind nicht besonders hervorgehoben.DE-OS 2317447, which represents an additional application to the aforementioned E-AS 2253745, describes a wearing part, the outer cover layer of which consists of one or more deposits of ceramic oxides, the oxides of the elements Si in particular being in addition to the oxides mentioned in the main patent , B, Ca, Mg, Ti and / or Hf are listed and the formation of mixed oxides is generally included in the application. Individual mixed oxides are not particularly emphasized.

Soweit zu einzelnen Ausgestaltungsmöglichkeiten praktische Erfahrungen vorliegen, ist auch in diesen Fällen das Auftreten von Rissen und die Haftfestigkeit der Oxid-Deckschichten nicht zufriedenstellend.Insofar as there is practical experience with individual design options, the occurrence of cracks and the adhesive strength of the oxide cover layers are also unsatisfactory in these cases.

Aus der DE-AS 2851584 ist ein Verbundkörper, vorzugsweise mit einem Hartmetall-Grundkörper bekannt, bei dem auf dem Grundkörper eine oder mehrere Schichten aus einem oder mehreren Karbiden und/oder Nitriden der Elemente Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Si, B und auf dieser Schicht bzw. Schichten eine oder mehrere Schichten aus einem Gemenge von mindestens einem Oxid und mindestens einem Nitrid und/oder aus mindestens einem Oxinitrid der der Elemente Cr, Al, Ca, Mg, Th, Sc, Y, La, Ti, Hf, V, Nb, Ta angeordnet sind, wobei der Stickstoff-Gehalt der äussersten Schicht 0,1 bis 30 Atom %, vorzugsweise 0,2 bis 15 Atom % beträgt. Das einzige Beispiel beschreibt folgenden Schichtaufbau auf Hartmetall: TiC, 4 Jlm + Al2O2.8N0.2, 2-3 Jlm.DE-AS 2851584 discloses a composite body, preferably with a hard metal base body, in which on the base body one or more layers of one or more carbides and / or nitrides of the elements Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Si, B and on this layer or layers one or more layers of a mixture of at least one oxide and at least one nitride and / or of at least one oxynitride of the elements Cr, Al, Ca, Mg, Th , Sc, Y, La, Ti, Hf, V, Nb, Ta are arranged, the nitrogen content of the outermost layer being 0.1 to 30 atom%, preferably 0.2 to 15 atom%. The only example describes the following layer structure on hard metal: TiC, 4 Jl m + Al 2 O 2.8 N 0.2 , 2-3 Jlm.

In der Praxis wurden vor allem Hartmetall-Verschleissteile bekannt, bei denen die äussere Schicht aus sehr vielen Lagen von abwechselnd Ti(C,N) und AI2(O,N) besteht, wobei diese Ausführung zusätzlich in den Schutzumfang der DE-AS 2917348 fällt.In practice, carbide wear parts in particular have been known, in which the outer layer consists of a large number of layers of alternating Ti (C, N) and Al 2 (O, N), this embodiment also being within the scope of protection of DE-AS 2917348 falls.

Auch bei diesem Verbundkörper sind die erzielbaren Verschleissfestigkeiten für viele Anwendungsfälle nicht befriedigend. Zudem ist eine zu grosse Anzahl von einzelnen Lagen - das einzige Beispiel der DE-AS 2917348 beschreibt 38 Einzellagen - in der Fertigung nicht mehr wirtschaftlich.With this composite body too, the wear resistance that can be achieved is unsatisfactory for many applications. In addition, too large a number of individual layers - the only example of DE-AS 2917348 describes 38 individual layers - is no longer economical in production.

Die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe liegt nun darin, ein Verschleissteil, insbesondere einen Hartmetall-Schneideinsatz zur spanabhebenden Bearbeitung mit einem mehrschichtigen Hartstoff-Überzug, wobei mindestens eine Schicht als Oxidschicht ausgeführt ist, zu schaffen, das gegenüber bekannten Verschleissteilen eine verbesserte Verschleissfestigkeit und eine verbesserte Haftfestigkeit der Hartstoff-Beschichtung aufweist.The object on which the invention is based is to create a wearing part, in particular a hard metal cutting insert for machining with a multi-layer hard material coating, at least one layer being designed as an oxide layer, which has improved wear resistance and improved wear resistance compared to known wearing parts Has adhesive strength of the hard material coating.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass der unmittelbar oder über eine Unterlagsschicht auf dem Grundkörper aufgebrachte Überzug aus je einer oder mehreren Schichten von Oxikarbiden und/oder Oxikarbonitriden und/oder Oxinitriden und/oder Oxiboriden und/oder Oxibornitrieden und/oder Oxiborkarbonitriden der Elemente Ti, Zr, Hf, B, Si, AI mit einem Sauerstoff - gehalt von 0,1 bis 5 Gew.-% jeweils im Wechsel mit einer oder mehreren Schichten von Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxiden mit Bor-Gehalten von 0,01 bis 1 Gew.-% besteht.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the coating applied directly or via an underlayer on the base body, each of one or more layers of oxycarbides and / or oxycarbonitrides and / or oxynitrides and / or oxiborides and / or oxibornitrides and / or oxiborocarbonitrides of the elements Ti , Zr, Hf, B, Si, Al with an oxygen content of 0.1 to 5 wt .-% each alternating with one or more layers of aluminum-boron mixed oxides with boron contents of 0.01 to 1 wt .-% consists.

Das erfindungsgemässe Verschleissteil weist gegenüber bekannten mehrlagig beschichteten Verschleissteilen eine wesentlich erhöhte Verschleissfestigkeit sowie eine ausgezeichnete Haftfestigkeit der Hartstoff-Beschichtung auf, so dass sich erheblich vergrösserte Standzeiten des Verschleissteiles ergeben. Diese unerwartet guten Eigenschaften werden durch den Einbau von Bor in die Aluminiumoxid-Schichten bei gleichzeitigem Einbau von Sauerstoff-Anteilen in die Oxikarbid-, Oxikarbonitrid-, Oxinitrid-, Oxiborid-, Oxibornitrid- und Oxiborkarbonitrid-Zwischenschichten erreicht. Es war insbesondere völlig überraschend - wie nachfolgend an Hand der Beispiele belegt wird - dass lediglich der gleichzeitige Einbau der Sauerstoff-Anteile in den Zwischenschichten und des Bors in den Aluminiumoxid-Schichten eine wesentliche Steigerung der Verschleissfestigkeit bewirkte.The wearing part according to the invention has a significantly increased wear resistance as well as an excellent adhesive strength of the hard material coating compared to known multi-layer coated wearing parts, so that there is a considerably longer service life of the wearing part. These unexpectedly good properties are achieved by the incorporation of boron in the aluminum oxide layers with the simultaneous incorporation of oxygen components in the oxycarbide, oxycarbonitride, oxynitride, oxiboride, oxibornitride and oxiborocarbonitride intermediate layers. In particular, it was completely surprising - as will be demonstrated below using the examples - that only the simultaneous incorporation of the oxygen fractions in the intermediate layers and the boron in the aluminum oxide layers brought about a substantial increase in the wear resistance.

Es ist dabei wichtig, dass die Sauerstoff- und Bor-Gehalte der einzelnen Schichten innerhalb der angegebenen Grenzen liegen. Unterhalb 0,1 Gew.-% ist der Einfluss des Sauerstoffs praktisch nicht mehr feststellbar. Bei höheren Sauerstoff-Gehalten als in dem angegebenen Bereich fällt die Härte derZwischenschichten sehr rasch ab und bewirkt keine Verschleissfestigkeitssteigerung des erfindungsgemässen Schichtaufbaues.It is important that the oxygen and boron contents of the individual layers are within the specified limits. The influence of oxygen can practically no longer be determined below 0.1% by weight. At higher oxygen contents than in the specified range, the hardness of the intermediate layers drops very quickly and does not increase the wear resistance of the layer structure according to the invention.

Desgleichen führt auch lediglich ein Bor-Gehalt innerhalb der erfindungsgemässen Grenzen im Aluminiumoxid zu einer sprunghaften Verschleissfestigkeitssteigerung. Es war im Gegenteil sogar nicht zu erwarten, dass es bei der Zugabe zu Aluminiumoxid überhaupt zu einer Verschleissfestigkeitssteigerung kommen, da reines Boroxid sehr weich und als Verschleisschutzschicht völlig ungeeignet ist. Zusätzlich bewirkt der Bor-Gehalt in den angegebenen Grenzen bei der Abscheidung der Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxid-Schicht eine geringere Staubentwicklung in der Beschichtungskammer und damit auch auf der Oberfläche des Beschichtungsgutes. Dadurch fallen weniger Schichtfehler an und es ergeben gleichmässigere Schichten.Likewise, only a boron content within the limits according to the invention in aluminum oxide leads to an abrupt increase in wear resistance. On the contrary it is not even to be expected that there will be any increase in wear resistance when added to aluminum oxide, since pure boron oxide is very soft and completely unsuitable as a wear protection layer. In addition, the boron content within the specified limits during the deposition of the aluminum-boron mixed oxide layer causes less dust to develop in the coating chamber and thus also on the surface of the coating material. This means fewer shift errors and more even shifts.

In gewissen Anwendungsfällen ist es zweckmässig, eine Unterlagsschicht zwischen dem Grundkörper und dem erfindungsgemässen Überzug anzuordnen. Diese Unterlagsschicht weist vorzugsweise einen ein- oder mehrlagigen Schichtaufbau aus einem oder mehreren Karbiden, Nitriden, Karbonitriden, Boriden oder Bornitriden der Elemente der IV. bis VI. Gruppe des Periodensystems auf.In certain applications, it is expedient to arrange an underlayer between the base body and the coating according to the invention. This underlayer preferably has a single or multi-layer structure consisting of one or more carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides, borides or boron nitrides of the elements of IV. To VI. Group of the periodic table.

Weiters ist es in gewissen Anwendungsfällen vorteilhaft, unmittelbar auf einem Grundkörper aus Hartmetall oder über eine Unterlagsschicht eine einzige Schicht aus Titanoxikarbonitrid und/oder Titanoxinitrid mit einer Schichtdicke von 0,05 bis 1 µm und anschliessend daran eine einzige Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxidschicht mit einer Schichtdikke von 2 bis 10 µm aufzubringen.Furthermore, in certain applications, it is advantageous to place a single layer of titanium oxycarbonitride and / or titanium oxynitride with a layer thickness of 0.05 to 1 μm directly on a base body made of hard metal or over a base layer and then a single aluminum-boron mixed oxide layer with a layer thickness from 2 to 10 µm.

Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass unmittelbar auf einem Grundkörper aus Hartmetall oder über eine Unterlagsschicht eines Überzugs, bestehend aus einer Schicht aus Titanoxikarbonitrid und/oder Titanoxinitrid mit einer Schichtdicke von 0,1 bis 1 µm und anschliessend daran aus 2 bis 8 Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxidschichten mit Schichtdicken von 0,3 bis 2 µm jeweils im Wechsel mit 1 bis 7 Schichten aus Titanoxikarbonitrid und/oder Titanoxinitrid der Schichtdicken 0,05 bis 0,5 Jlm aufgebracht sind. Die Titanoxikarbonitrid- und/oder Titanoxinitrid-Schichten weisen dabei vorzugsweise einen Sauerstoff-Gehalt von 0,5 bis 3 Gew.- % auf, während die Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxidschichten vorzugsweise einen Bor-Gehalt von 0,04-0,4 Gew.-% aufweisen.A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides that directly on a base body made of hard metal or over an underlayer of a coating, consisting of a layer of titanium oxycarbonitride and / or titanium oxynitride with a layer thickness of 0.1 to 1 μm and subsequently of 2 to 8 aluminum-boron mixed oxide layers having layer thicknesses of 0.3 to 2 microns, respectively, alternating with 1 to 7 layers of Titanoxikarbonitrid and / or titanium oxynitride of the layer thicknesses of 0.05 to 0.5 m Jl are applied. The titanium oxycarbonitride and / or titanium oxynitride layers preferably have an oxygen content of 0.5 to 3% by weight, while the aluminum-boron mixed oxide layers preferably have a boron content of 0.04-0.4% by weight. -% exhibit.

Insbesondere durch diesen mehrschichtigen erfindungsgemässen Schichtaufbau kommt es gegenüber einem erfindungsgemässen Schichtaufbau, der nur eine Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxid- Schicht enthält, zu einer weiteren Steigerung der Zähigkeit des Überzuges bei gleichzeitig ausgezeichneter Haftfestigkeit der einzelnen Schichten und damit zu einer unerwarteten Steigerung der Verschleissfestigkeit unter Schlagbeanspruchung des Verschleissteiles.In particular, this multilayered layer structure according to the invention results in a further increase in the toughness of the coating with an excellent adhesive strength of the individual layers and thus in an unexpected increase in the wear resistance under impact stress compared to a layer structure according to the invention which contains only one aluminum-boron mixed oxide layer of the wearing part.

Eine besonders bevorzugte Unterlagsschicht weist von einem Grundkörper aus Hartmetall ausgehend die Schichtfolge Titankarbid und/oder Titankarbonitrid und/oder Titannitrid mit einer Gesamtschichtdicke von 1 bis 8 Jlm auf.A particularly preferred underlayer, starting from a base body made of hard metal, has the layer sequence titanium carbide and / or titanium carbonitride and / or titanium nitride with a total layer thickness of 1 to 8 μm .

Weiters kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn die Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxide teilweise Titan, Zirkonium, Hafnium, Niob, Chrom- und/oder Magnesium-Oxide enthalten. Daneben können die Mischoxide auch einen Stickstoff-Gehalt von 0,14-2,76 Gew.-% (0,2 bis 4 Atom-%) aufweisen.Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the aluminum-boron mixed oxides partially contain titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, chromium and / or magnesium oxides. In addition, the mixed oxides can also have a nitrogen content of 0.14-2.76% by weight (0.2 to 4 atomic%).

Die Hartstoff-Beschichtung des erfindungsgemässen Verschleissteiles erfolgt vorzugsweise nach dem CVD-Verfahren, wobei die chemische Zusammensetzung der einzelnen Schichten durch entsprechende Mischungsverhältnisse der Reaktionsgase festgelegt wird.The hard material coating of the wearing part according to the invention is preferably carried out by the CVD process, the chemical composition of the individual layers being determined by appropriate mixing ratios of the reaction gases.

Ein weiteres bevorzugtes Verfahren zur Herstellung des erfindungsgemässen Verschleissteiles besteht darin, dass die Herstellung der einzelnen Schichten entsprechender chemischer Zusammensetzung sowohl über die Abscheidung nach dem CVD-Verfahren als auch durch Interdiffusion zwischen angrenzenden Schichten erfolgt.Another preferred method for producing the wearing part according to the invention is that the individual layers of appropriate chemical composition are produced both by deposition using the CVD method and by interdiffusion between adjacent layers.

Insbesondere kann die Einbringung der Sauerstoff-Anteile in die Oxikarbid-, Oxikarbonitrid-, Oxinitrid-, Oxiborid-, Oxibornitrid- und/oder Oxiborkarbonitrid-Schichten sowohl über eine entsprechende Gasmischungszusammensetzung, die z.B. CO2 HzO-Dampf, Luft, O2 oder andere oxidierende Gase enthalten kann, als auch durch Interdiffusion aus den angrenzenden Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxid-Schichten erfolgen. Diese Interdiffusion kann z.B. durch eine Temperaturbehandlung zwischen oder nach den einzelnen Beschichtungsfahrten bei einer Temperatur, die über der Beschichtungstemperatur liegt, oder während der Beschichtungsfahrt der Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxid-Schichten durch ein erhöhtes Sauerstoff-Angebot der Gasmischung durchgeführt werden.In particular, the introduction of the oxygen fractions into the oxycarbide, oxycarbonitride, oxynitride, oxiboride, oxibornitride and / or oxiborocarbonitride layers can take place both via an appropriate gas mixture composition, for example CO 2 H z O vapor, air, O 2 or contain other oxidizing gases, as well as by interdiffusion from the adjacent aluminum-boron mixed oxide layers. This interdiffusion can be carried out, for example, by a temperature treatment between or after the individual coating runs at a temperature which is above the coating temperature, or during the coating travel of the aluminum-boron mixed oxide layers by means of an increased supply of oxygen in the gas mixture.

Der Gegenstand der Erfindung wird nachfolgend an Hand von Beispielen näher erläutert.The subject matter of the invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of examples.

Beispiel 1example 1

Auf Wendeschneidplatten aus Hartmetall der Sorte UIOT/Zusammensetzung 6% Co, 5%TiC, 5% (TaC + NbC), 84% WC, entspricht der USO-Anwendungsgruppe MIO/ und der Form SPGN 120308 EN wurden Überzüge in 5 verschiedenen Schichtaufbau-Varianten entsprechend nachstehender Tabelle aufgebracht. Die Wendeschneidplatten wurden dazu gereinigt, in die Beschichtungskammer einer Prototypenanlage des Anmelders eingebaut, unter Schutzgas auf die Beschichtungstemperatur aufgeheizt und unter den nachfolgenden Beschichtungsbedingungen beschichtet.On indexable inserts made of carbide of the UIOT grade / composition 6% Co, 5% TiC, 5% (TaC + NbC), 84% WC, coatings corresponded to the USO application group MIO / and the shape SPGN 120308 EN in 5 different layer construction variants applied according to the table below. For this purpose, the indexable inserts were cleaned, installed in the coating chamber of a prototype system from the applicant, heated to the coating temperature under protective gas and coated under the following coating conditions.

Die Varianten 4 und 5 sind mit einem Schichtaufbau entsprechend der Erfindung versehen. Diese Varianten werden mit den Varianten 1 bis 3, die einen von der Erfindung abweichenden, in einem Fall vorbekannten Schichtaufbau aufweisen, in einem Zerspanungstest verglichen.Variants 4 and 5 are provided with a layer structure according to the invention. These variants are compared with variants 1 to 3, which have a layer structure which differs from the invention and is known in one case, in a machining test.

Bei allen Varianten liegt eine Unterlagsschicht bestehend aus 2 um Titankarbid gefolgt von 2 µm Titankarbonitrid (mit ca. 40% TiC- und 60% TiN-Anteil) vor. Bei den Varianten 1 bis 4 wurde Stickstoff als Trägergas verwendet, die Aluminiumoxid- bzw. die Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxidschicht enthält daher ca. 3 Atom-% N. Bei Variante 5 ist die Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxidschicht frei von Stickstoff.

Figure imgb0001
In all variants there is an underlayer consisting of 2 µm titanium carbide followed by 2 µm titanium carbonitride (with approx. 40% TiC and 60% TiN content). In variants 1 to 4, nitrogen was used as the carrier gas, the aluminum oxide or aluminum-boron mixed oxide layer therefore contains approximately 3 atomic% N. In variant 5, the aluminum-boron mixed oxide layer is free of nitrogen.
Figure imgb0001

Beschichtungsbedingungen:Coating conditions:

Gasdruck in allen Fällen: Atmosphärendruck (ca. 1 bar absolut)

Figure imgb0002
Al2O3-Schicht bzw. AI-B-Mischoxidschicht:
Figure imgb0003

  • Variante 2, 4 u. 5 - 0,15 Vol.-% BCl3
  • Variante 1 u. 3 - 0 Vol.-% BCI3 u. 13,4 Vol.-% H2
  • Dauer: 160 min
  • Temperatur: 1060° C
Gas pressure in all cases: atmospheric pressure (approx. 1 bar absolute)
Figure imgb0002
 Al 2 O 3 layer or Al-B mixed oxide layer:
Figure imgb0003
  • Variant 2, 4 and 5-0.15 vol% BCl 3
  • Variant 1 u. 3 - 0 vol .-% BCI 3 u. 13.4 vol% H 2
  • Duration: 160 min
  • Temperature: 1060 ° C

Zerspanungstest:Machining test:

Mit den beschichteten Wendeschneidplatten wurden unter Verwendung eines Werkzeuges HDP 7225 Drehversuche auf 2 Wellen aus unterschiedlichen Materialien mit unterschiedlichen Schnittbedingungen durchgeführt:

  • 1. Werkstoff: Baustahl ― Werkstoffnummer 1.1231
    • Zusammensetzung: 0,72% C
      • 0,28% Si
      • 0,79% Mn
      • 0,015% P
      • 0,011% S, Rest Fe;
      • vergütet auf 1000 N/mm2
    • Schnittgeschwindigkeit: v = 180 m/min
    • Vorschub: s = 0,42 mm/U
    • Spantiefe: a = 2 mm
  • 2. Werkstoff: Grauguss
    • Richtwerte der Zusammensetzung:
      • 3-3,5% C
      • 0,4-0,8% Si
      • 0,2-0,5% Mn, Rest Fe
    • Härte: 215 H B
    • Schnittgeschwindigkeit: v = 80 m/min
    • Vorschub: s = 0,28 mm/U
    • Spantiefe: a = 2 mm
With the coated indexable inserts, turning tests were carried out on 2 shafts made of different materials with different cutting conditions using a HDP 7225 tool:
  • 1.Material: mild steel - material number 1.1231
    • Composition: 0.72% C
      • 0.28% Si
      • 0.79% Mn
      • 0.015% P
      • 0.011% S, balance Fe;
      • tempered to 1000 N / mm 2
    • Cutting speed: v = 180 m / min
    • Feed: s = 0.42 mm / rev
    • Cutting depth: a = 2 mm
  • 2. Material: gray cast iron
    • Guide values for the composition:
      • 3-3.5% C
      • 0.4-0.8% Si
      • 0.2-0.5% Mn, balance Fe
    • Hardness: 215 HB
    • Cutting speed: v = 80 m / min
    • Feed: s = 0.28 mm / rev
    • Cutting depth: a = 2 mm

Die Verschleissmarkenbreite vB des Freiflächenverschleisses wurde jeweils nach einer Drehzeit von 5 min gemessen.

Figure imgb0004
The wear mark width v B of the open area wear was measured after a rotation time of 5 min.
Figure imgb0004

Das Standzeitende war bei allen Varianten durch Kolkverschleiss gegeben.The end of the service life was due to scour wear in all variants.

Ein Vergleich der Verschleissergebnisse zeigt, dass lediglich durch den erfindungsgemässen Schichtaufbau entsprechend den Varianten 4 und 5, wo gleichzeitig ein Bor-Anteil in der Aluminiumoxidschicht und ein Sauerstoff-Anteil in der Ti(C,N)-Schicht vorhanden sind, eine merkliche Verschleissfestigkeitssteigerung der Variante 1, die in etwa einen zur Zeit auf dem Markt befindlichen Schichtaufbau aufweist, erzielt wird. Der alternative Einbau von Bor in der Aluminiumoxidschicht (Variante 2) oder von Sauerstoff in der (Ti(C,N)-Schicht (Variante 3) ergibt hingegen keine wesentlichen Verschleissfestigkeitssteigerungen gegenüber der Variante 1.A comparison of the wear results shows that only through the layer structure according to the invention according to variants 4 and 5, where there is a boron content in the aluminum oxide layer and an oxygen content in the Ti (C, N) layer at the same time, is there a noticeable increase in wear resistance Variant 1, which has approximately one layer structure currently on the market, is achieved. The alternative incorporation of boron in the aluminum oxide layer (variant 2) or oxygen in the (Ti (C, N) layer (variant 3), on the other hand, does not result in any significant increases in wear resistance compared to variant 1.

Aus dem Vergleich der Varianten 4 und 5 ist zu ersehen, dass ein gewisser Stickstoff-Anteil in der Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxidschicht, der z.B. durch die Verwendung von Stickstoff als Trägergas beim Beschichtungsvorgang zustande kommt, nur einen unwesentlichen Einfluss auf die Verschleissfestigkeitswerte hat.From the comparison of variants 4 and 5 it can be seen that a certain proportion of nitrogen in the aluminum-boron mixed oxide layer, for example by The use of nitrogen as a carrier gas in the coating process only has an insignificant influence on the wear resistance values.

Beispiel 2Example 2

Zum Unterschied von Beispiel 1 wird die einlagige Al2O3- bzw. Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxid- schicht durch 4 Schichten ersetzt, die durch 3 Ti(C,N)- bzw. 3 Ti(C,N,0)-Zwischenschichten verbunden sind.In contrast to Example 1, the single-layer Al 2 O 3 or aluminum-boron mixed oxide layer is replaced by 4 layers, that by 3 Ti (C, N) or 3 Ti (C, N, 0) intermediate layers are connected.

Bei den Varianten 1 bis 4 wurde Argon als Trägergas verwendet, die Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxidschicht ist daher frei von Stickstoff.In variants 1 to 4, argon was used as the carrier gas; the aluminum-boron mixed oxide layer is therefore free of nitrogen.

Bei der Variante 5 sind in der Mischoxidschicht 3 Atom-% Stickstoff enthalten, da N2 als Trägergas verwendet wurde.

Figure imgb0005
In variant 5, 3 atomic percent nitrogen are contained in the mixed oxide layer, since N 2 was used as the carrier gas.
Figure imgb0005

Beschichtungsbedingungen:Coating conditions:

Gasdruck in allen Fällen: Atmosphärendruck (ca. 1 bar absolut)

Figure imgb0006
Al2O3-Schichten bzw. Aluminium-B-Mischoxidschichten:
Figure imgb0007
Variante 2, 4 u. 5 - 0,15 Vol.-% BCI3

  • Variante 1 u. 3 - 0 Vol.-% BCl3 u. 13,4 Vol.-% H2
  • Dauer: 40 min/Schicht
  • Temperatur: 1060° C
Gas pressure in all cases: atmospheric pressure (approx. 1 bar absolute)
Figure imgb0006
 Al 2 O 3 layers or aluminum B mixed oxide layers:
Figure imgb0007
 Variant 2, 4 and 5 - 0.15% by volume BCI 3
  • Variant 1 u. 3 - 0 vol .-% BCl 3 u. 13.4 vol% H 2
  • Duration: 40 min / shift
  • Temperature: 1060 ° C

Ti(C, N) -ZwischenschichtenTi (C, N) intermediate layers

Beschichtungstemperatur und Gaszusammensetzung wie bei 2. Ti(C,N)-Schicht.Coating temperature and gas composition as for 2nd Ti (C, N) layer.

Dauer: 8 min/SchichtDuration: 8 min / shift

Ti(C,N,O)-Zwischenschichten Beschichtungstemperatur und Gaszusammensetzung wie oben.Ti (C, N, O) intermediate layers coating temperature and gas composition as above.

Dauer: 8 Min/SchichtDuration: 8 min / shift

Zerspanungstest:

  • Mit den beschichteten Wendeschneidplatten wurden Drehversuche auf der gleichen Welle aus Baustahl unter den gleichen Schnittbedingungen wie beim Beispiel 1 durchgeführt.
    Figure imgb0008
Machining test:
  • With the coated indexable inserts, turning tests were carried out on the same shaft made of structural steel under the same cutting conditions as in Example 1.
    Figure imgb0008

Das Standzeitende war jeweils durch die Grenze des noch tolerierbaren Kolkverschleisses bedingt.The end of the service life was due to the limit of the still tolerable scour wear.

Aus dem Vergleich der Beispiele 1 und 2 lässt sich erkennen, dass sich unter den gegebenen Zerspanungsbedingungen bei insgesamt etwa gleicher Gesamtschichtstärke bei dem mehrschichtigen Aufbau der Aluminiumoxid- bzw. Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxidschicht entsprechend Beispiel 2 gegenüber dem einschichtigen Aufbau gemäss Beispiel 1 eine weitere Verchleissfestigkeitssteigerung erreichen lässt. Die Verschleissfestigkeitssteigerung beim erfindungsgemässen Schichtaufbau (Varianten 4 und 5) ist wesentlich grösser als bei dem Schichtaufbau gemäss der Varianten 1 bis 3.From the comparison of Examples 1 and 2 it can be seen that under the given machining conditions, approximately the same overall total layer thickness in the multilayer structure of the aluminum oxide or aluminum-boron mixed oxide layer according to Example 2 compared to the single-layer structure according to Example 1 can achieve a further increase in wear resistance. The increase in wear resistance in the layer structure according to the invention (variants 4 and 5) is significantly greater than in the layer structure according to variants 1 to 3.

Beispiel 3Example 3

Auf Wendeschneidplatten der gleichen Art wie in Beispiel 1 wurde als Unterlagsschicht eine Ti(C0,6,N0,4)-Schicht und darauf eine TiN-Schicht abgeschieden. Der weitere Schichtaufbau erfolgte in 2 Varianten, wobei die Variante 2 einen erfindungsgemässen Schichtaufbau darstellt. Zum Unterschied zu den vorangegangenen Beispielen wurde die Beschichtung bei Unterdruck durchgeführt. Die Verschleissfestigkeit der einzelnen Varianten wurde wiederum in einem Zerspanungstest miteinander verglichen.A Ti (C 0.6 , N 0.4 ) layer was deposited on indexable inserts of the same type as in Example 1 and a TiN layer was deposited thereon. The further layer structure was carried out in two variants, variant 2 representing a layer structure according to the invention. In contrast to the previous examples, the coating was carried out under reduced pressure. The wear resistance of the individual variants was again compared with one another in a machining test.

Schichtaufbau:Layer structure:

  • Variante 1: 2 µm Ti (C0.6,N0,4)
    • 1,5 µm TiN
    • 1,5 µm Al2O3
    • 0,5 µm TiN
    • 1,5 µm AI203
    Variant 1: 2 µm Ti (C 0.6 , N 0.4 )
    • 1.5 µm TiN
    • 1.5 µm Al 2 O 3
    • 0.5 µm TiN
    • 1.5 µm AI 2 0 3
  • Variante 2: 2 µm Ti(C0,6,N0,4)
    • 1 µm TiN
    • ca. 0,5 µm Ti(N,B,O)
    • 1,5 µm Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxid
    • 0,5 µm Ti(N,B,O)
    • 1,5 µm Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxid
    Variant 2: 2 µm Ti (C 0.6 , N 0.4 )
    • 1 µm TiN
    • 0.5 µm Ti (N, B, O)
    • 1.5 µm aluminum-boron mixed oxide
    • 0.5 µm Ti (N, B, O)
    • 1.5 µm aluminum-boron mixed oxide
Beschichtungsbedingungen:Coating conditions:

  • Ti(0,6,N0,4)-Schicht: Temperatur: 1020° C Druck: 5 k PaTi ( 0.6 , N 0.4 ) layer: temperature: 1020 ° C pressure: 5 k Pa
  • Gasgemisch: 83 Vol.-% H2
    • 8 Vol.-% N2
    • 4 Vol.-% CH4
    • 5 Vol.-°/ TiCl4
    Gas mixture: 83 vol.% H 2
    • 8 vol.% N 2
    • 4 vol.% CH 4
    • 5% by volume / TiCl 4
  • Dauer: 130 minDuration: 130 min
  • TiN-Schicht: Temperatur: 1020° C
    • Druck: 6 k Pa
    TiN layer: temperature: 1020 ° C
    • Pressure: 6 k Pa
  • Gasgemisch: 65 Vol.-% H2
    • 32 Vol.-% N2
    • 7 Vol.-% TiCl4
    Gas mixture: 65 vol.% H 2
    • 32 vol% N 2
    • 7 vol.% TiCl 4
  • Dauer: Variante 1 : 93 min
    • Variante 2: 62 min
    Duration: Variant 1: 93 min
    • Variant 2: 62 min
  • Ti(N,B,O)-Schichten: Temperatur: 1020° C
    • Druck: 4 k Pa
    Ti (N, B, O) layers: temperature: 1020 ° C
    • Pressure: 4 k Pa
  • Gasgemisch: 60,8 Vol.-% H2
    • 27 Vol.-% N2
    • 5 Vol.-% BCI3
    • 7 Vol.-°/ TiCl4
    • 0,2 Vol.-% CO2
    Gas mixture: 60.8 vol% H 2
    • 27% by volume of N 2
    • 5% by volume BCI 3
    • 7 vol.% / TiCl 4
    • 0.2 vol% CO 2
  • Dauer: 35 minDuration: 35 min
  • Al2O3-Schichten: Temperatur: 1020° C
    • Druck: 4 k Pa
    Al 2 O 3 layers: temperature: 1020 ° C
    • Pressure: 4 k Pa
  • Gasgemisch: 76,8 Vol.-% H2
    • 4,0 Vol.-% CO2
    • 16 Vol.-% CO
    • 3,2 Vol.-% AICI3
    Gas mixture: 76.8 vol% H 2
    • 4.0 vol% CO 2
    • 16 vol.% CO
    • 3.2 vol% AICI 3
  • Dauer: 180 min/SchichtDuration: 180 min / shift
  • Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxidschichten:
    • Temperatur: 1020° C
    • Druck: 4 k Pa
    Aluminum-boron mixed oxide layers:
    • Temperature: 1020 ° C
    • Pressure: 4 k Pa
  • Gasgemisch: 76,5 Vol.-% H2
    • 4,0 Vol.-% CO2
    • 16 Vol.-% CO
    • 3,2 Vol.-% AICI3
    • 0,3 Vol.-% BCI3
    Gas mixture: 76.5 vol% H 2
    • 4.0 vol% CO 2
    • 16 vol.% CO
    • 3.2 vol% AICI 3
    • 0.3% by volume BCI 3
  • Dauer: 180 min/SchichtDuration: 180 min / shift

Mit den beschichteten Platten wurden Drehversuche auf Baustahl unter den in Beispiel 1 genannten Schnittbedingungen und Drehversuche auf Grauguss mit folgenden Schnittbedingungen durchgeführt:

  • Werkstoff: Grauguss-Zusammensetzung wie bei Beispiel 1
  • Härte: 205 HB
  • Schnittgeschwindigkeit: v = 80 m/min
  • Vorschub: s = 0,28 mm/U
  • Spantiefe: a = 2 mm
    Figure imgb0009
With the coated plates, turning tests on structural steel were carried out under the cutting conditions mentioned in Example 1 and turning tests on gray cast iron with the following cutting conditions:
  • Material: gray cast iron composition as in example 1
  • Hardness: 205 HB
  • Cutting speed: v = 80 m / min
  • Feed: s = 0.28 mm / rev
  • Cutting depth: a = 2 mm
    Figure imgb0009

Ein Vergleich der Beispiele 1 und 2 mit 3 zeigt, dass kein nenneswerter Unterschied in der Qualität der Verschleissteile mit den jeweiligen Überzügen besteht, je nachdem ob bei Atmosphärendruck oder im Unterdruckbereich beschichtet wurde.A comparison of Examples 1 and 2 with 3 shows that there is no significant difference in the quality of the wearing parts with the respective coatings, depending on whether coating was carried out at atmospheric pressure or in the vacuum range.

Beispiel 4Example 4

Auf Wendeschneidplatten der gleichen Art wie in den vorhergehenden Beispielen wurde wiederum bei Unterdruck ein erfindungsgemässerviellagiger Schichtaufbau ohne Unterlagsschicht direkt auf dem Hartmetall aufgebracht (Variante 2). Dieser Schichtaufbau wird wiederum mit einem von der Erfindung abweichenden viellagigen Schichtaufbau, der ebenfalls ohne Unterlagsschicht aufgebracht ist (Variante 1), verglichen.On indexable inserts of the same type as in the previous examples, a multi-layer structure according to the invention without an underlay layer was applied directly to the hard metal (variant 2). This layer structure is in turn compared with a multi-layer structure which deviates from the invention and is likewise applied without an underlay layer (variant 1).

Schichtaufbau:Layer structure:

  • Variante 1: 0,5 µm Ti(C0,6,N0,4)
    • 0,8 µm Al2O3
    • 0,3 µm Ti(C,N)
    • 0,8 µm Al2O3
    • 0,3 µm Ti(C,N)
    • 0,8 µm Al2O3
    • 0,3 µm Ti(C,N)
    • 0,8 µm Al2O3
    • 0,3 µm Ti(C,N)
    • 0,8 µm Al2O3
    Variant 1: 0.5 µm Ti (C 0.6 , N 0.4 )
    • 0.8 µm Al 2 O 3
    • 0.3 µm Ti (C, N)
    • 0.8 µm Al 2 O 3
    • 0.3 µm Ti (C, N)
    • 0.8 µm Al 2 O 3
    • 0.3 µm Ti (C, N)
    • 0.8 µm Al 2 O 3
    • 0.3 µm Ti (C, N)
    • 0.8 µm Al 2 O 3
  • Variante 2: 0,5 µm Ti (C,N,0)
    • 0,8 µm Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxid
    • 0,2 µm Ti(C,N,O)
    • 0,8 µm Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxid
    • 0,2 µm Ti(C,N,O)
    • 0,8 µm Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxid
    • 0,2 µm Ti(C,N,O)
    • 0,8 µm Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxid
    • 0,2 µm Ti(C,N,O)
    • 0,8 µm Aluminium-Bor-Mischoxid
    Variant 2: 0.5 µm Ti (C, N, 0)
    • 0.8 µm aluminum-boron mixed oxide
    • 0.2 µm Ti (C, N, O)
    • 0.8 µm aluminum-boron mixed oxide
    • 0.2 µm Ti (C, N, O)
    • 0.8 µm aluminum-boron mixed oxide
    • 0.2 µm Ti (C, N, O)
    • 0.8 µm aluminum-boron mixed oxide
    • 0.2 µm Ti (C, N, O)
    • 0.8 µm aluminum-boron mixed oxide

Sauerstoff-Gehalt der Ti(C,N,O)-Schichten ca. 2 Gew.-%.Oxygen content of the Ti (C, N, O) layers approx. 2% by weight.

Beschichtungsbedingungen:Coating conditions:

  • Ti(C0,6,N0,4)-SchichtenTi (C 0.6 , N 0.4 ) layers
  • Gasgemisch: 83 Vol.-% H2
    • 8 Vol.-% N2
    • 4 Vol.-% CH4
    • 5 Vol.-% TiCl4
    Gas mixture: 83 vol.% H 2
    • 8 vol.% N 2
    • 4 vol.% CH 4
    • 5 vol.% TiCl 4
  • Temperatur: 1020° CTemperature: 1020 ° C
  • Druck: 5 k PaPressure: 5 k Pa
  • Dauer: Unterlagsschicht: 32 min
    • Zwischenschichten: 20 min/Schicht
    Duration: Base layer: 32 min
    • Intermediate shifts: 20 min / shift
  • Ti(C,N,0)-SchichtenTi (C, N, 0) layers
  • Gasgemisch: 82,9 Vol.-% H2
    • 8 Vol.-% N2
    • 4 Vol.-% CH4
    • 5 Vol.-% TiCl4
    • 0,1 Vol.-% CO2
    Gas mixture: 82.9 vol% H 2
    • 8 vol.% N 2
    • 4 vol.% CH 4
    • 5 vol.% TiCl 4
    • 0.1 vol% CO 2
  • Temperatur: 1020° CTemperature: 1020 ° C
  • Druck: 1 k PaPressure: 1 k Pa
  • Dauer: Unterlagsschicht: 45 min
    • Zwischenschichten: 18 min/Schicht
    Duration: Base layer: 45 min
    • Intermediate shifts: 18 min / shift
  • Al2O3-SchichtenAl 2 O 3 layers
  • Gasgemisch: 25 Vol.-% H2
    • 6 Vol.-% CO2
    • 66 Vol.-% Ar
    • 3 Vol.-% AICI3
    Gas mixture: 25 vol.% H 2
    • 6 vol% CO 2
    • 66 vol.% Ar
    • 3% by volume AICI 3
  • Temperatur: 1020° CTemperature: 1020 ° C
  • Druck: 4 k PaPressure: 4 k Pa
  • Dauer: 65 min/SchichtDuration: 65 min / shift
Aluminium-Bor-MischoxidschichtenAluminum-boron mixed oxide layers

  • Gasgemisch: 25 Vol.-% H2
    • 6 Vol.-% CO2
    • 65,6 Vol.-% Ar 3 Vol.-% AICI3
    • 0,4 Vol.-% BCI3
    Gas mixture: 25 vol.% H 2
    • 6 vol .-% CO2
    • 65.6 vol% Ar 3 vol% AICI3
    • 0.4 vol% BCI 3
  • Temperatur: 1020° CTemperature: 1020 ° C
  • Druck: 4 k PaPressure: 4 k Pa
  • Dauer: 65 min/SchichtDuration: 65 min / shift
Zerspanungstest:Machining test:

Auf einer Baustahlwelle (0,6% C, Festigkeit 750 N/mm2) wurden Drehversuche unter folgenden Schnittbedingungen durchgeführt: Schnittgeschwindigkeit: v = 200 m/min Vorschub: s = 0,41 mm/U Spantiefe: a = 2 mmTurning tests were carried out on a structural steel shaft (0.6% C, strength 750 N / mm 2 ) under the following cutting conditions: Cutting speed: v = 200 m / min Feed: s = 0.41 mm / rev chip depth: a = 2 mm

Das Standzeitende war bei beiden Varianten durch Kolkverschleiss gegeben. Das Standzeitende betrug bei Variante 1 32 min, bei der erfindungsgemässen Variante 2 41 min.The end of the service life was given by scour wear in both variants. The end of the service life was 32 minutes for variant 1 and 41 minutes for variant 2 according to the invention.

In den Beispielen wurde Hartmetall als Grundkörper verwendet. Die Erfindung ist jedoch nicht auf Hartmetall-Grundkörper beschränkt. Dererfindungsgemässe Schichtaufbau führt ebenso bei anderen Grundkörpermaterialien wie z.B. bei Schnellstahl, Stellit oder anderen warmfesten Legierungen zu einer unerwartet grossen Steigerung der Verschleissfestigkeit. Desgleichen ist die Erfindung nicht auf Werkzeuge für die spanabhebende Bearbeitung beschränkt. Sie erstreckt sich vielmehr auch auf Werkzeuge für die spanlose Bearbeitung wie Ziehmatrizen und dgl. sowie auf Werkzeuge, die hauptsächlich erodierendem Verschleiss ausgesetzt sind, wie z. B. Gesteinsbohrern.In the examples, hard metal was used as the base body. However, the invention is not limited to hard metal base bodies. The layer structure according to the invention also leads to other base materials such as e.g. with high-speed steel, stellite or other heat-resistant alloys, this leads to an unexpectedly large increase in wear resistance. Likewise, the invention is not limited to machining tools. Rather, it also extends to tools for non-cutting machining such as drawing dies and the like. As well as to tools that are mainly exposed to eroding wear, such as. B. rock drilling.

Claims (10)

1. Wearing part, preferably hard-metal cutting insert for machining, having a multilayered coating of hard material which about at least one layer is an oxide layer, characterized in, that the coating is applied to the basic body directly or to backing layer, consisting of one or more layers of oxycar- bides and/or oxycarbon nitrides and/or oxynitrides and/or oxyborides and/or oxyboron nitrides and/or oxyboron carbon nitrides of the elements Ti, Zr, Hf, B, Si, Al, having an oxygen content in a range between 0,1 and 5% by weight, alternating with one or more layers of aluminium-boron mixed oxides, having boron contents in a range between 0,01 and 1% by weight.
2. Wearing part according to claim 1, characterized in, that the backing layer has a single- or multilayer structure composed of one or more carbides, nitrides, carbon nitrides, borides or boron nitrides of the elements of Groups IV to VI of the Periodic System.
3. Wearing part according to claim 1, characterized in, that directly to the basic body or to a backing layer are applied a layer of titanium oxycarbon nitride and/or titanium oxynitride having a layer thickness in a range between 0,05 and 1 µm and subsequently an aluminium-boron mixed oxide layer having a layer thickness in a range between 2 and 10 µm.
4. Wearing part according to claim 1, characterized in, that directly to the basic body or to a backing layer are applied a layer of titanium oxycarbon nitride and/or titanium oxynitride having a layer thickness in a range between 0,1 and 1 µm and subsequently 2 to 8 aluminium-boron mixed oxide layers having layer thicknesses in a range between 0,3 and 2 µ alternating with 1 to 7 layers of titanium oxycarbon nitride and/or titanium oxynitride having layer thicknesses in a range between 0,05 and 0,5 Jlm.
5. Wearing part according to claims 3 to 4, characterized in, that the layers of titanium oxycarbon nitride and/or titanium oxynitride have an oxygen content in a range between 0,5 and 3% by weight.
6. Wearing part according to claims 3 to 5, characterized in, that the aluminium-boron mixed layers have a boron content in a range between 0,04 and 0,4% by weight.
7. Wearing part according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in, that the backing layer has the layer sequence titanium carbide and/or titanium carbon nitride and/or titanium nitride having a total layer thickness in a range between 1 and 8 µm.
8. Wearing part according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in, that the mixed oxides have a nitrogen content in a range between 0,14 and 2,76% by weight.
9. Method for the production of a wearing part according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in, that the deposition of the hard material coating occurs by a CVD-process while adjusting the mixing ratios of the reaction gases to fix the chemical composition of the individual layers.
10. Method for the production of a wearing part according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in, that the fixation of the chemical composition of individual layers occurs as well by deposition according to a CVD-process as by interdiffusion between adjacent layers.
EP82111762A 1981-12-24 1982-12-17 Wearing part Expired EP0083043B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0555781A AT377786B (en) 1981-12-24 1981-12-24 WEARING PART, IN PARTICULAR CARBIDE CUTTING INSERT FOR CHIP-REMOVING
AT5557/81 1981-12-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0083043A1 EP0083043A1 (en) 1983-07-06
EP0083043B1 true EP0083043B1 (en) 1985-07-03

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EP82111762A Expired EP0083043B1 (en) 1981-12-24 1982-12-17 Wearing part

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EP (1) EP0083043B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS58115081A (en)
AT (1) AT377786B (en)
DE (1) DE3264591D1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6154114B2 (en) 1986-11-20
JPS58115081A (en) 1983-07-08
EP0083043A1 (en) 1983-07-06
US4599281A (en) 1986-07-08
ATA555781A (en) 1984-09-15
DE3264591D1 (en) 1985-08-08
AT377786B (en) 1985-04-25

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