EP0064909A1 - Coupleur directif variable pour ondes hyperfréquences - Google Patents

Coupleur directif variable pour ondes hyperfréquences Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0064909A1
EP0064909A1 EP82400756A EP82400756A EP0064909A1 EP 0064909 A1 EP0064909 A1 EP 0064909A1 EP 82400756 A EP82400756 A EP 82400756A EP 82400756 A EP82400756 A EP 82400756A EP 0064909 A1 EP0064909 A1 EP 0064909A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coupling
load
orifices
guide
waveguides
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP82400756A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Bergero
Jacques Bisjak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0064909A1 publication Critical patent/EP0064909A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/04—Coupling devices of the waveguide type with variable factor of coupling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a variable directional coupler for microwave waves.
  • a coupling of two microwave radio waveguides is used whenever it is desired, for various reasons, to deflect part of the propagating wave in a first waveguide. , said primary guide, towards a second waveguide, called secondary guide.
  • a parameter representative of the coupling is then the ratio (expressed in practice in decibels) between the wave deflected in the secondary guide and the wave propagating in the primary guide.
  • the known systems consist either in having an adjustable attenuator at the output of the secondary, or in using two directional couplers with 3 decibels between which an adjustable phase shifter is interposed.
  • the subject of the present invention is a device for modifying the directional coupling between two waveguides of extremely simple structure and requiring no additional component.
  • the invention relates to a variable directional coupler for microwave waves, the coupling being carried out between two waveguides.
  • rectangular microwave radio waves the wave produced in one of the guides, called the primary guide, inducing in the other guide, called the secondary guide, via a coupling zone, a wave and a power available to the one of the ends of the secondary guide, called the preferred end, much greater than that available at the other end, called the non-preferred end.
  • said non-preferred end comprises a filler which is made of an absorbent material.
  • Means allow the displacement of this load in the coupling zone.
  • This load has a wedge-shaped profile which tapers towards the preferred end of the secondary, the profile of the load being such that, during its displacement, the variation of the couplings which remain satisfies the laws of variation providing good directivity in a wide band.
  • FIG 1 there is shown in a vertical section a primary guide 1 and a secondary guide 2 rectangular, superimposed so as to have a common wall 3 in which are formed n coupling orifices 4 i (i being an integer varying from 1 to n).
  • the directivity of the coupling is ensured in a conventional manner both by a spacing of the coupling orifices of a distance equal to a quarter of the wavelength, and by a dimensioning of the coupling orifices progressively increasing from the ends of the coupling zone. towards the center of the coupling zone, according to a binomial law or according to a Tchebyscheff law.
  • the first coupling orifice 4 1 has a surface smaller than that of the second 4 2 , which also has a smaller surface than that of the third 4 3 etc ..., this progression according to one of the aforementioned laws.
  • the coupling is varied in obscuring a variable portion of the waves coupled by each coupling orifice 4i by means of the load 5 which is moved, for example, manually.
  • Figures 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d are partial views of the common wall 3, showing different positions of the load 5 during its movement, we see that the attenuations to the right of coupling orifices 4i vary according to the position of the load 5 in the coupling zone.
  • FIG. 2d differs from FIGS. 2a, 2b and 2c in that the coupling zone no longer consists of a single row of coupling orifices, but of two identical parallel rows, which is a more common way of achieving a "multi-hole" coupling.
  • the variation of the coupling is obtained by displacement of the load 5 in the coupling zone, that is to say here in the portion 6 of the common wall 3 comprising the coupling orifices (the portion 6 being shown in section on the figure 1).
  • this load has a wedge-shaped profile, and is tapered towards the preferred end of the secondary.
  • the profile of the load is produced taking into account in particular the frequency, the absorbent material used, the coupling orifices, etc., so as to maintain a variation in the couplings which remain despite the displacement of the load, which satisfies the laws of variation providing good directivity in a wide band.
  • This absorbent mobile load 5 makes it unnecessary to use a fixed load at the non-privileged end of the secondary.
  • FIG. 3 is shown in a horizontal section a primary guide 1 and a secondary guide 2 arranged in a cross so as to present a common wall section 7 in which slots are made such as the slot 8.
  • the coupling zone is constituted by the section 7 of wall common to the two waveguides.
  • FIGS. 4a and 5a represent the variation of the coupling C as a function of the frequency F of the microwave wave, for five different positions of the load in the coupling zone, giving rise to five different curves, numbered from 0 to 4.
  • the FIG. 4a curves correspond to a "multi-hole” coupling, and those of FIG. 5a to a "cross” coupling. If we refer to these figures, we see that the coupling remains constant as a function of the frequency for a given position of the load when it varies from one position of the load to another, which is the goal.
  • FIGS. 4b and 5b represent the variation of the directivity D as a function of the frequency F of the microwave wave, for four different positions of the load in the coupling zone, giving rise to five different curves, numbered from 0 to 3.
  • the curves in FIG. 4b correspond to a "multi-hole” coupling and those of FIG. 5b to a "cross” coupling. If one refers to these figures one realizes that the directivity of the coupling varies with the frequency whereas it is practically independent of the position of the load in the zone of coupling, which is also the goal - sought.
  • the directivity of the coupling varies little with frequency, by a few decibels in FIGS. 4b and 5b. It should be noted that there is a prejudice according to which the directivity of the coupling is strongly disturbed if an absorbent load is moved in the coupling zone. Our invention shows, by FIGS. 4b and 5b, that it is possible to obtain good directivity by moving an absorbent load in the coupling zone if certain precautions are taken with regard to the shape of the load and the coupling holes in particular.
  • the absorbent filler can be made of epoxy resin loaded with resistive materials or can be made of a metallized dielectric strip. To make power couplers, other materials are used such as silicon carbide Si C or water circulation wedges.
  • Our invention is particularly used when it is desired to obtain a directional coupler and when the precision of machining of the orifices of the coupling zone is insufficient to obtain the desired characteristics. This is the case for couplers having a weak coupling, and whose coupling holes are small, and operating at high frequency.
  • Our invention allows once the coupler has been made to adjust the coupling precisely without adding new parts and without degrading performance.
  • the tip of the movable load being tapered, the attenuation produced varies little with displacement and the precision of the adjustment is high.
  • Our invention can also be used in applications where it is advantageous to be able to vary the directional coupling in greater proportions.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the variable directional coupler according to the invention, one end of which - that on the right in the figure - of the primary guide 1 is connected to a microwave source 9, while the opposite end of this guide primary is connected to a microwave receiver 10.
  • the non-preferred end of the secondary guide 2 comprises the displaceable load 5, and the opposite end of the secondary guide receives, for example, a measuring device 11 or any member capable of using the diverted energy.

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  • Non-Reversible Transmitting Devices (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
EP82400756A 1981-05-05 1982-04-27 Coupleur directif variable pour ondes hyperfréquences Withdrawn EP0064909A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8108870A FR2505559A1 (fr) 1981-05-05 1981-05-05 Dispositif de couplage directif variable pour ondes hyperfrequences
FR8108870 1981-05-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0064909A1 true EP0064909A1 (fr) 1982-11-17

Family

ID=9258062

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82400756A Withdrawn EP0064909A1 (fr) 1981-05-05 1982-04-27 Coupleur directif variable pour ondes hyperfréquences

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0064909A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS57193101A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2505559A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01274502A (ja) * 1988-04-27 1989-11-02 Toshiba Tesuko Kk 方向性結合器に於ける方向性調整回路

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1033860A (fr) * 1950-03-14 1953-07-16 Philips Nv Dispositif comportant un guide d'ondes creux
US3075158A (en) * 1958-10-31 1963-01-22 Nippon Electric Co Microwave coupler
US3230482A (en) * 1963-10-28 1966-01-18 Seymour B Cohn Compact directional coupler
FR1440327A (fr) * 1965-06-25 1966-05-27 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Perfectionnements aux dispositifs de couplage en haute fréquence
FR1598161A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1968-08-21 1970-07-06

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1033860A (fr) * 1950-03-14 1953-07-16 Philips Nv Dispositif comportant un guide d'ondes creux
US3075158A (en) * 1958-10-31 1963-01-22 Nippon Electric Co Microwave coupler
US3230482A (en) * 1963-10-28 1966-01-18 Seymour B Cohn Compact directional coupler
FR1440327A (fr) * 1965-06-25 1966-05-27 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Perfectionnements aux dispositifs de couplage en haute fréquence
FR1598161A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1968-08-21 1970-07-06

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PROCEEDINGS OF THE I.R.E, vol.39, no.3, mars 1951, New York (US) *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS57193101A (en) 1982-11-27
FR2505559A1 (fr) 1982-11-12
FR2505559B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1984-11-09

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Inventor name: BISJAK, JACQUES

Inventor name: BERGERO, JEAN-PIERRE