EP0052160B1 - Buckle for a safety belt - Google Patents

Buckle for a safety belt Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0052160B1
EP0052160B1 EP80107136A EP80107136A EP0052160B1 EP 0052160 B1 EP0052160 B1 EP 0052160B1 EP 80107136 A EP80107136 A EP 80107136A EP 80107136 A EP80107136 A EP 80107136A EP 0052160 B1 EP0052160 B1 EP 0052160B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bolt
buckle
bearing
insertion path
securing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80107136A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0052160A1 (en
Inventor
Kurt Krautz
Erhard Ender
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Autoflug GmbH
Original Assignee
Autoflug GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Autoflug GmbH filed Critical Autoflug GmbH
Priority to DE8080107136T priority Critical patent/DE3068725D1/en
Priority to EP80107136A priority patent/EP0052160B1/en
Priority to AT80107136T priority patent/ATE8566T1/en
Priority to US06/290,371 priority patent/US4388746A/en
Priority to ZA816925A priority patent/ZA816925B/en
Priority to AU76594/81A priority patent/AU546356B2/en
Priority to JP56172673A priority patent/JPS57107106A/en
Priority to BR8107455A priority patent/BR8107455A/en
Priority to ES1981261543U priority patent/ES261543Y/en
Publication of EP0052160A1 publication Critical patent/EP0052160A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0052160B1 publication Critical patent/EP0052160B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44B—BUTTONS, PINS, BUCKLES, SLIDE FASTENERS, OR THE LIKE
    • A44B11/00—Buckles; Similar fasteners for interconnecting straps or the like, e.g. for safety belts
    • A44B11/25—Buckles; Similar fasteners for interconnecting straps or the like, e.g. for safety belts with two or more separable parts
    • A44B11/2503—Safety buckles
    • A44B11/2507—Safety buckles actuated by a push-button
    • A44B11/2523—Safety buckles actuated by a push-button acting parallel to the main plane of the buckle and in the same direction as the fastening action
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
    • Y10T24/45—Separable-fastener or required component thereof [e.g., projection and cavity to complete interlock]
    • Y10T24/45225—Separable-fastener or required component thereof [e.g., projection and cavity to complete interlock] including member having distinct formations and mating member selectively interlocking therewith
    • Y10T24/45602—Receiving member includes either movable connection between interlocking components or variable configuration cavity
    • Y10T24/45675—Receiving member includes either movable connection between interlocking components or variable configuration cavity having pivotally connected interlocking component

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a buckle for a seat belt, consisting of an insertion tongue with a locking recess and a lock with an at least on one side of guiding devices, at its front end open, containing an ejector spring insertion path for the insertion tongue, a bolt pivotally mounted in the lock , the pivot axis of which extends transversely to the direction of the insertion path and which forms a locking face which interacts with the locking recess of the insertion tongue and which can be moved into the insertion path from the side remote from the guide devices and is arranged such that in the locking position the ejector spring disengages the locking bar urges, and with a securing device for securing the bolt in the locking position, which is forced into the locking position by spring force and can be removed therefrom for opening the lock.
  • a buckle of the type mentioned at the outset is known (US Pat. No. 3,165,806), in which the base plate of a flat lock body limits the insertion path for the insertion tongue on the underside. Above this is a flat bolt, which is pivoted about a transverse axis in the middle of the lock by side projections in cutouts in the side walls of the lock body and whose front end carries a nose facing downwards, the rear surface of which can interlock with the recess of the tongue. This front end of the lever is pressed down by a spring to hold the locking lug in the insertion path. The rear end of this latch carries a handle.
  • the securing device is formed by a slide which is displaceable parallel to the insertion path and is forced by spring force into an end position in which it is immediately adjacent to a transverse surface of the bolt so that it cannot escape from the locking position.
  • the slide can be removed from this position against the spring force and then releases the bolt from the locked position with the result that it is pushed out of the locked position by the insertion tongue under the action of an ejector field located in the insertion path and releases the insertion tongue (obvious prior use).
  • this arrangement has the disadvantage that a large opening force is required and that the securing of the bolt is not reliable in all circumstances.
  • the opening force is the force that is required to open the lock after a load on the lock due to forces at height, such as occur in an accident, under a certain residual load.
  • certain automobile plants require that the opening force not exceed 50 N with a residual load of 0.5 kN after the lock has been tried under forces comparable to that of an accident and which generally reach 16 to 18 kN.
  • the securing device has to take over a certain component of the bolt load. Such a component also acts under residual load and causes double frictional force in the safety slide of the known arrangement, namely between the slide and the bolt and the other between the slide and its housing guide.
  • the invention has for its object a To create a buckle of the type mentioned, the low opening force and high security combined with normal manufacturing costs.
  • the solution according to the invention consists in that the securing device is a double-armed swivel lever arranged transversely to the bolt with a center of gravity close to its swivel point.
  • the swivel lever can be actuated more easily to release the lock, it is designed with two arms, and it is connected to a handle at its end that does not interact with the bolt.
  • a very simple design results if the handle is a slide which is guided approximately parallel to the insertion path, because the swivel lever then does not need to be angled.
  • An angled version is of course possible if the handle is to be operated across the insertion path to release the lock.
  • the lock body consists of a flat bottom 1 and two side walls 2, which stand vertically upright from its parallel edges and are rigidly connected to the bottom.
  • the cross-section of the lock body is U-shaped. Its bottom 1 contains a bore 3 for fastening an anchoring part.
  • the bottom 1 and the side walls 2 form the lower and lateral delimitation of the insertion path for the insertion tongue 4, the front part S of which has approximately the width of the insertion path between the side walls 2 in order to be securely guided therein. It has a locking recess 6, which forms a locking surface at 7. At its rear end, it is provided in a known manner with a recess 8 for receiving a belt loop. At the top, the insertion path is limited by projections 9 rigidly connected to the lock body.
  • the known casing of the lock body by a plastic housing is not shown for the sake of simplicity. (All directions such as “above”, “right”, “clockwise etc. refer to the illustration in Fig. 1 and 2.)
  • the lock contains an ejector plate 10 in the insertion path, which is movably guided in the direction of the insertion path in a manner not shown and is loaded against the direction of insertion by a spring 11 which is guided in bottom slots.
  • a spring 11 which is guided in bottom slots.
  • the locking plate consists of a rear cross bar 15, which connects the projections 13, and two arms 16 leading from it to the front, which carry a downwardly projecting locking part 17 at the front, which forms a locking end 18 pointing towards the rear.
  • the latch part 17 protrudes slightly towards the front relative to the arms 16, so that a free surface 19 is formed on its upper side, which is limited at the front by its front edge. In the locked state (FIG. 1), this surface lies in the upper boundary plane of the insertion path or a little above it.
  • the locking plate 14 has at its rear end one or more projections 20 which project downward near the axis of rotation of the locking plate defined by the front end of the cutouts 12 and limit the insertion path to the rear. Together with the ejector plate 10, they serve to positively lock the insertion tongue. This moves namely the ejector plate 10 when inserted backwards against the pressure of the spring 11, the ejector plate 10 being so long that it just abuts against the projections 20, thereby causing a counterclockwise rotation of the bolt when the locking surface 7 of the insertion tongue 4 has just passed under the locking face 18 of the locking part 17.
  • the locking face 18 of the locking part 17 is approximately perpendicular to the direction of the insertion path in the locked state and at an obtuse angle to the connecting line with the locking axis. Therefore, when a force is exerted to the left on the latch face 18 in the direction of the insertion path, for example by a belt force acting on the insertion tongue or by the ejector spring 11, a torque is exerted on the bolt which is dependent on the force acting on the insertion path and the distance the insertion path from the bolt axis of rotation as He belarm is formed. This torque tries to turn the bolt clockwise, to lift the bolt part 17 out of the bolt recess of the insertion tongue and thus to release the lock. This is prevented by the pivot lever 21 in the locked state.
  • This pivot lever 21 is located above the upwardly facing surface 19 of the locking part 17. It is designed as a plate which extends transversely in the lock body, the outline of which can be seen on the left in FIG. 1, while it has partially broken away on the right in order to reveal the locking plate .
  • the pivoting lever is supported with its lateral projections 22 in cutouts 24 of the side walls 2, so that the axis of rotation indicated at 25 (FIG. 1) results, which is parallel to the axis of rotation of the bolt 13-17. It can therefore be pivoted at least between the two end positions, which are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • pivot lever 21 For pivoting serves on the one hand a spring 26 which tries to pivot it counterclockwise, and on the other hand the slide 27, which is guided parallel to the insertion path in a manner not shown in the lock body and pushes against movement to the right against the upper end of the pivot lever and the pivot lever thereby rotating clockwise.
  • the pivot lever 21 is held in the locked position on the one hand by the spring 26.
  • it is expediently arranged such that it is prevented from moving away from the securing position in the event of self-locking stress. This self-locking can be achieved, for example, by arranging the pivot axis 25 a little to the left (in the drawing) of the solder dropped onto the securing surface 19.
  • the pivot axis 25 of the pivot lever is formed in the weak or unloaded state by a pivot support 32 on the rear (right) boundary edge of the bearing cutout 24, which is designed as a concave curve, projection or roof-shaped edge on which the pivot lever 21 rolls or tilts with low friction.
  • the upper boundary edge 30 of the bearing section determines the axis of rotation. This edge is also designed as a concave curve or edge with a central, most protruding point 40.
  • the spring 26 is advantageously designed so that it is supported on the one hand on the lower part of the pivot lever and on the other hand on the slide 27. Both parts are thereby pushed into their normal position with double effect. It can of course be carried out differently than it is shown in the drawing.
  • the swivel lever is made with as little material as possible. Only in the middle does it reach the full height that is required to interact with the slide 27. This not only serves to save weight, but also to arrange the center of gravity in the lower swivel lever area for reasons to be explained later.
  • the ejector plate 10 In the released state of the lock (Fig. 2), the ejector plate 10 is in the insertion path under the bolt part 17 of the bolt, so that it cannot block the insertion path. It is therefore possible to move the insertion tongue 5 to the right into the insertion path, the ejector plate 10 also being pushed to the right. When the ejector plate 10 reaches the projections 20, the locking recess 6 of the insertion tongue 4 is located below the locking part 17. As the movement continues, the bolt is pivoted counter-clockwise by the impact of the ejector plate 10 onto the projections 20, so that the locking part 17 enters the locking recess 6 must penetrate.
  • the lower end of the pivoting lever 21 bears against the forward-facing forehead of the locking part 17 due to the spring force 26.
  • the aforementioned forehead slides under the pivot bolt so that it can rotate counterclockwise under the action of the spring 26 until it abuts the rear boundary 28 of the bearing cutouts 24 (FIG . 1).
  • the forehead 29, which points downward, of the pivoting lever 21 is located directly above the upwardly facing surface 19 of the locking part. In this position, in which the pivot bolt is held by the spring 26, it secures the bolt 13-17 in the locking position.
  • the locking surface 7 of the insertion tongue 4 exerts a force on the locking face 18 of the locking part 17 in the direction of the insertion path, the line of action of which in the insertion path and therefore at a certain distance below the pivot axis of the locking bolt 13-17 defined by the cutouts 13 runs. If the bolt were not secured in its position by the pivot lever 21, a torque would therefore be generated on the bolt 13-17 in a clockwise direction, which would force it out of the locking position into the open position.
  • the geometric ratios are chosen so that this torque is sufficient to open the bolt under the action of the ejector spring 11 alone.
  • the pivot lever 21 is rotated clockwise, as a result of which it loses its action on the securing surface 11 when it passes the front edge of the locking part 17.
  • the bolt is thereby released and can deflect upwards under the action of the forces acting in the insertion tongue or in the ejector plate and thereby release the insertion tongue.
  • the pivot lever 21 In the event of a load, the pivot lever 21 has to take up a certain component of the tongue load.
  • the size of this component depends on the ratio of the distance of the pivot axis of the bolt 13-17 from the center of the insertion path to the distance of the pivot axis of the bolt 13-17 from the bolt face 18.
  • the ratio of these distances is generally between about 1: 2 and 1:10 and preferably in the range of 1: 3. This means that, for example, a third of the tongue load is transferred to the pivot lever 21.
  • This fraction is so small and the cooperating surfaces 19 and 29 of the bolt and the pivoting lever can easily be made so large that no deformation takes place on these surfaces, even under the heaviest load occurring in practice. The friction in this area is therefore very low even after loading.
  • the opening force required is correspondingly low.
  • deformation can occur in the pivot bearings of the pivot lever 21 in the walls 2 of the lock body, because there the interacting surfaces of the projections 22 and the bearing cutouts 24 (surfaces 30) are significantly smaller.
  • these surfaces can be designed in such a way that even in the event of a certain deformation there is practically no swiveling resistance, namely by the upper boundary edge 30 (FIGS. 4 and 5) of the bearing cutout 24 being designed to be convexly round or roof-shaped, so that the associated one Surface of the swivel lever can roll on it.
  • the locking surface 18 of the locking part 17 runs exactly perpendicular to the direction of the insertion path in the locked state in the manner explained above. It is only important that their direction in relation to the position of the bolt pivot point is such that the torque which transfers the bolt to the release position is formed when the pivot lever is transferred to the release position (FIG. 2).
  • the tangent at the point of contact between the bolt face 18 and the locking surface 7 must intersect at right angles with a radius starting from the bolt pivot point outside the insertion path, the acute angle in the right-angled triangle formed by this intersection point, the bolt pivot point and the point of contact being greater than the friction angle at the point of contact.
  • the pivot lever 21 is supported by the rear boundary edge 28 of the bearing cutout 24. This rear boundary ends at the top 32, which is referred to as the pivot base for the pivot lever 21.
  • the center of gravity 33 of the swivel lever 21 were substantially above the swivel support point 32, there would be the danger that the swivel lever would rotate clockwise under the acceleration 31 and thereby get out of the secured position. This danger is countered by arranging the center of gravity 33 close to the swivel base 32, so that the action of the spring 26 is in any case stronger than a possibly counteracting torque.
  • the center of gravity 33 is preferably even slightly below the swivel base 32. In order that the spring 26 can better fulfill its securing function, its point of application 34 is expediently provided below the swivel base 32.
  • a shock in direction 35 is more dangerous. If the lever 21 were supported against such a shock at the point 39 of the bearing cutout opposite the point 32, it would be subjected to a clockwise torque due to the lower center of gravity 33 which, if the spring force 26 does not prevail, would turn it out of the securing position strives. In most cases, this is avoided according to the invention in that considerable play 37 is provided in the bearing cutout 24 on the side opposite the pivoting support point 32, so that the pivoting lever on the left, front side is at least initially only on the spring 26 in its point of engagement 34 supports.
  • the upper latch part In the event of heavy impact stress 35, the upper latch part will move to the left until it is prevented from further movement by a limitation of the cutout 24. If this is the point 39 on the left-hand boundary edge 42 of the bearing cutout 24 (dashed pivot lever position), the point 39 forms a new base for the pivot lever with respect to the acting forces. Since the center of gravity 33 is lower, a torque now acts in a clockwise direction, which tries to unscrew the lower end of the pivoting lever from the securing position.
  • the upper right corner 43 or a location close to it of the upper bearing surface 38 of the pivot lever lies on the upper boundary edge 30 of the bearing section, generally at the most protruding point 40 thereof.
  • the contact points 39 and at 40 then represent new support points for the pivot lever, which are higher than the center of gravity 33 and therefore give rise to a torque in a clockwise direction, by which the lower, locking bolt end of the pivot lever are unscrewed from the securing position could.

Abstract

In a buckle for a safety belt, a pivotable latch (13-17) is arranged, relative to the push-in tongue (4), in such a way that the ejector force (11), or the belt force loading the tongue, urges the latch out of engagement. Provided to prevent this, in the closing position, is a securing device which, in one position (FIG. 1), holds the latch firmly in the latching position and, in another position (FIG. 2), releases the latch for opening. According to the invention, this securing device is designed as a pivoting lever (21), in order, on the one hand, to increase the degree of safety and, on the other hand, to lessen the opening force, at a moderate production outlay. The pivoting lever is mounted in such a way that it cannot leave the securing position even under shock stress from any direction whatever.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Schnalle für einen Sicherheitsgurt, bestehend aus einer Einschubzunge mit Verriegelungsausnehmung und einem Schloß mit einem mindestens auf einer Seite von Führungseinrichtungen begrenzten, an seinem vorderen Ende offenen, eine Auswerferfeder enthaltenden Einschubweg für die Einschubzunge, einem im Schloß schwenkbar gelagerten Riegel, dessen Schwenkachse quer zur Richtung des Einschubwegs verläuft, und der eine mit der Verriegelungsausnehmung der Einschubzunge zusammenwirkende Riegelstirn bildet, die von der den Führungseinrichtungen abgelegenen Seite her in den Einschubweg bewegbar ist und so angeordnet ist, daß in der Verriegelungsstellung die Auswerferfeder den Riegel außer Eingriff drängt, und mit einer Sicherungseinrichtung zum Sichern des Riegels in der Verriegelungsstellung, die durch Federkraft in die Sicherungsstellung gedrängt und zum Öffnen des Schlosses daraus entfernbar ist.The invention relates to a buckle for a seat belt, consisting of an insertion tongue with a locking recess and a lock with an at least on one side of guiding devices, at its front end open, containing an ejector spring insertion path for the insertion tongue, a bolt pivotally mounted in the lock , the pivot axis of which extends transversely to the direction of the insertion path and which forms a locking face which interacts with the locking recess of the insertion tongue and which can be moved into the insertion path from the side remote from the guide devices and is arranged such that in the locking position the ejector spring disengages the locking bar urges, and with a securing device for securing the bolt in the locking position, which is forced into the locking position by spring force and can be removed therefrom for opening the lock.

Es ist eine Schnalle der eingangs genannten Art bekannt (US-A-3 165 806), bei der die Bodenplatte eines flachen Schloßkörpers den Einschubweg für die Einschubzunge auf der Unterseite begrenzt. Oberhalb davon ist ein flacher Riegel gelagert, der etwa in Schloßmitte durch seitliche Vorsprünge in Ausschnitten der Seitenwände des Schloßkörpers um eine Querachse schwenkbar gelagert ist und dessen vorderes Ende eine nach unter gerichete Nase trägt, deren Hinterfläche verriegelnd mit der Ausnehmung der Einschulzunge zusammenwirken kann. Dieses vordere Ende des Hebels wird durch eine Feder nach unten gedrückt, um die Verriegelungsnase im Einschubweg zu halten. Das hintere Ende dieses Riegels trägt eine Handhabe. Wenn diese durch Handdruck abgesenkt wird, hebt sich das vordere Ende des Riegels, so daß dessen Nase aus dem Einschubweg gehoben wird und die Einschubzunge freigegeben wird. Dabei liegt die Schwenkachse des Riegels oberhalb des Einschubwegs. Die in Richtung des Einschubwegs von der Zunge auf den Riegel übertragenden Schloßkräfte führen daher zur Bildung eines Drehmoments am Riegel, das diesen im Öffnungssinne beansprucht. Die Feder, die den Riegel in die SchließsteIlung drängt, muß daher sehr stark sein, was den Nachteil hat, daß auch zum Öffnen des Schlosses entsprechend hohe Kräfte aufgewendet werden müssen. Aus diesem Grund vermeidet man im allgemeinen die erläuterte Anordnung zugunsten einer solchen Geometrie, bei der durch die Schloßkräfte ein den Riegel im Verriegelungssinn beanspruchendes Drehmoment erzeugt wird (DE-B-1 557412) oder bei der die Schloßkräfte durch Anordnung des Einschubwegs in derselben Ebene wie die Schwenkachse des Riegels momentenneutrale bleiben (US-A-2864145). - Jedoch weiß man, daß die eingangs geschilderte Schloßanordnung nicht schlechthin unbrauchbar ist, sofern statt der den Riegel in die Schließstellung drängenden Feder eine Sicherungseinrichtung vorgesehen wird, die den Riegel in der Verriegelungsstellung positiv sichert. Bei einer bekannten Anordnung dieser Art wird die Sicherungseinrichtung von einem Schieber gebildet, der parallel zum Einschubweg verschiebbar ist und durch Federkraft in eine Endstellung gedrängt wird, in welcher er einer Querfläche des Riegels unmittelbar benachbart ist, so daß dieser nicht aus der Verriegelungsstellung entweichen kann. Durch Handbetätigung kann der Schieber aus dieser Stellung entgegen der Federkraft entfernt werden und gibt dann dem Riegel die Bewegung aus der Verriegelungsstellung frei mit der Folge, daß er von der Einschubzunge unter der Wirkung einer im Einschubweg befindlichen Auswerferfelder aus der Verriegelungsstellung gedrängt wird und die Einschubzunge freigibt (offenkundige Vorbenutzung). Jedoch hat diese Anordnung den Nachteil, daß eine große Öffnungskraft erforderlich ist und daß die Sicherung des Riegels nicht unter allen Umständen zuverlässig ist. Als Öffnungskraft wird bekanntlich diejenige Kraft bezeichnet, die nach einer Belastung des Schlosses durch Kräfte in der Höhe, wie sie bei einem Unfall auftreten, unter einer gewissen Restbelastung zum Öffnen des Schlosses benötigt wird. Beispielsweise fordern bestimmte Automobilwerke, daß die Öffnungskraft 50 N bei einer Restbelastung von 0,5 kN nicht überschreitet, nachdem das Schloß unter Kräften vergleichbar denen eines Unfalls erprobt wurde und die im allgemeinen 16 bis 18 kN erreichen. Infolge der eingangs vorausgesetzten geometrischen Anordnung muß die Sicherungseinrichtung eine gewisse Komponente der Riegelbelastung übernehmen. Eine solche Komponente wirkt auch noch unter Restbelastung und verursacht bei dem Sicherungsschieber der bekannten Anordnung doppelte Reibungskraft, nämlich einmal zwischen dem Schieber und dem Riegel und zum anderen zwischen dem Schieber und seiner Gehäuseführung. Da die Gehäuseführung gestanzt ist und daher keine hohe Oberflächenqualität haben kann und zudem durch die vorherige Unfallbelastung beschädigt sein kann, ergibt sich eine beträchtliche Öffnungskraft. Zu dem anderen Nachteil der bekannten Anordnung, daß nämlich die Sicherung des Riegels nicht unter allen Umständen gewährleistet ist, ist zu sagen, daß je nach der Art der Gehäuseführung der Schieber sich ein wenig verkanten kann und daher unter Umständen nicht auf voller Breite seine Sicherungsstellung gegenüber dem Riegel einnimmt. Dann kann es passieren, daß der Riegel sich unter der Unfallbelastung auf der unzureichend gesicherten Seite aus dem Einschubweg hebt und dann anschließend die Sicherungseinrichtung auch auf der anderen Seite verdrängt. Dieser Nachteil kann nur durch sehr hochwertige Ausführung eliminiert werden.A buckle of the type mentioned at the outset is known (US Pat. No. 3,165,806), in which the base plate of a flat lock body limits the insertion path for the insertion tongue on the underside. Above this is a flat bolt, which is pivoted about a transverse axis in the middle of the lock by side projections in cutouts in the side walls of the lock body and whose front end carries a nose facing downwards, the rear surface of which can interlock with the recess of the tongue. This front end of the lever is pressed down by a spring to hold the locking lug in the insertion path. The rear end of this latch carries a handle. When this is lowered by hand pressure, the front end of the bolt lifts so that its nose is lifted out of the insertion path and the insertion tongue is released. The pivot axis of the bolt is above the insertion path. The lock forces transmitted in the direction of the insertion path from the tongue to the bolt therefore lead to the formation of a torque on the bolt which stresses it in the opening direction. The spring that pushes the bolt into the locking position must therefore be very strong, which has the disadvantage that correspondingly high forces must also be used to open the lock. For this reason, one generally avoids the arrangement explained in favor of such a geometry in which a torque is generated by the lock forces, which uses the bolt in the locking direction (DE-B-1 557412), or in which the lock forces are arranged in the same plane as by inserting the insertion path the pivot axis of the bolt remain torque-neutral (US-A-2864145). - However, it is known that the lock arrangement described at the outset is not simply unusable if, instead of the spring pushing the bolt into the closed position, a safety device is provided which positively secures the bolt in the locked position. In a known arrangement of this type, the securing device is formed by a slide which is displaceable parallel to the insertion path and is forced by spring force into an end position in which it is immediately adjacent to a transverse surface of the bolt so that it cannot escape from the locking position. By manual operation, the slide can be removed from this position against the spring force and then releases the bolt from the locked position with the result that it is pushed out of the locked position by the insertion tongue under the action of an ejector field located in the insertion path and releases the insertion tongue (obvious prior use). However, this arrangement has the disadvantage that a large opening force is required and that the securing of the bolt is not reliable in all circumstances. As is known, the opening force is the force that is required to open the lock after a load on the lock due to forces at height, such as occur in an accident, under a certain residual load. For example, certain automobile plants require that the opening force not exceed 50 N with a residual load of 0.5 kN after the lock has been tried under forces comparable to that of an accident and which generally reach 16 to 18 kN. As a result of the geometric arrangement assumed at the beginning, the securing device has to take over a certain component of the bolt load. Such a component also acts under residual load and causes double frictional force in the safety slide of the known arrangement, namely between the slide and the bolt and the other between the slide and its housing guide. Since the housing guide is punched and therefore cannot have a high surface quality and can also be damaged by the previous accident load, there is a considerable opening force. To the other disadvantage of the known arrangement, namely that the securing of the bolt is not guaranteed under all circumstances, it must be said that depending on the type of housing guide, the slide can tilt a little and therefore may not be opposite to its securing position over the full width the bar. Then it can happen that the bolt lifts under the accident load on the insufficiently secured side from the insertion path and then displaces the safety device on the other side. This disadvantage can only be eliminated by very high quality execution.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Schnalle der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die geringe Öffnungskraft und hohe Sicherheit bei normalem Fertigungsaufwand vereinigt. Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung besteht darin, daß die Sicherungseinrichtung ein quer zum Riegel angeordnetes, doppelarmiger Schwenkhebel mit einem nahe seinem Schwenkpunkt gelegenen Schwerpunkt ist.The invention has for its object a To create a buckle of the type mentioned, the low opening force and high security combined with normal manufacturing costs. The solution according to the invention consists in that the securing device is a double-armed swivel lever arranged transversely to the bolt with a center of gravity close to its swivel point.

Durch diese Maßnahme wird die Reibung zwischen der Sicherungseinrichtung, nämlich dem Schwenkhebel einerseits und dem Schloßkörper andererseits, auf einen vernachlässigbaren Betrag reduziert. Die gesamte Öffnungskraft wird daher etwa halbiert. Eine Verkantung des Schwenkhebels ist nicht zu befürchten, da die Schwenklager leicht so ausgeführt werden können, daß sie keine Verkantung des Hebels zulassen.This measure reduces the friction between the securing device, namely the swivel lever on the one hand and the lock body on the other hand, to a negligible amount. The total opening force is therefore cut in half. A tilting of the pivot lever is not to be feared, since the pivot bearings can easily be designed so that they do not allow the lever to tilt.

Damit der Schwenkhebel leichter zum Lösen des Schlosses betätigt werden kann, ist er doppelarmig ausgebildet, wobei er an seinem nicht mit dem Riegel zusammenwirkenden Ende mit einer Handhabe verbunden ist. Eine sehr einfache Ausführung ergibt sich, wenn die Handhabe ein etwa parallel zum Einschubweg geführter Schieber ist, weil der Schwenkhebel dann nicht abgewinkelt geformt zu sein braucht. Eine abgewinkelte Ausführung ist aber selbstverständlich möglich, wenn die Handhabe zum Lösen des Schlosses quer zum Einschubweg betätigt werden soll.So that the swivel lever can be actuated more easily to release the lock, it is designed with two arms, and it is connected to a handle at its end that does not interact with the bolt. A very simple design results if the handle is a slide which is guided approximately parallel to the insertion path, because the swivel lever then does not need to be angled. An angled version is of course possible if the handle is to be operated across the insertion path to release the lock.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden näher unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung erläutert, die ein vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel veranschaulicht. Darin zeigen :

  • Figuren 1 und 2 Längsschnitte in unterschiedlichen Funktionsstadien,
  • Figuren 3 einen Querschnitt im Bereich des Schwenkhebels und
  • Figuren 4 eine Teildarstellung eines seitlichen Lagervorsprungs, des Schwenkhebels mit dem zugehörigen Lagerausschnitt.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, which illustrates an advantageous embodiment. In it show:
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 longitudinal sections in different functional stages,
  • 3 shows a cross section in the region of the pivot lever and
  • 4 shows a partial representation of a lateral bearing projection, the pivot lever with the associated bearing cutout.

Der Schloßkörper besteht aus einem ebenen Boden 1 und zwei von dessen parallelen Rändern lotrecht hochstehenden mit dem Boden starr verbundenen Seitenwänden 2. Der Schloßkörper hat im Querschnitt U-förmige Gestalt. Sein Boden 1 enthält eine Bohrung 3 zur Befestigung eines Verankerungsteils.The lock body consists of a flat bottom 1 and two side walls 2, which stand vertically upright from its parallel edges and are rigidly connected to the bottom. The cross-section of the lock body is U-shaped. Its bottom 1 contains a bore 3 for fastening an anchoring part.

Der Boden 1 und die Seitenwände 2 bilden die untere und seitliche Begrenzung des Einschubwegs dür die Einschubzunge 4, deren vorderer TeilS etwa die Breite des Einschubwegs zwischen den Seitenwänden 2 aufweist, um darin sicher geführt zu werden. Sie hat eine Verriegelungsausnehmung 6, die bei 7 eine Verriegelungsfläche bildet. An ihrem hinteren Ende ist sie in bekannter Weise mit einer Ausnehmung 8 zur Aufnahme einer Gurtschlaufe versehen. Nach oben hin ist der Einschubweg durch starr mit dem Schloßkörper verbundene Vorsprünge 9 begrenzt. Die bekannte Umkleidung des Schloßkörpers durch ein Kunststoffgehäuse ist der Einfachheit halber nicht dargestellt. (Alle Richtungsangaben wie « oben », « rechts », « Uhrzeigersinn etc. beziehen sich auf die Darstellung in Fig. 1 und 2.)The bottom 1 and the side walls 2 form the lower and lateral delimitation of the insertion path for the insertion tongue 4, the front part S of which has approximately the width of the insertion path between the side walls 2 in order to be securely guided therein. It has a locking recess 6, which forms a locking surface at 7. At its rear end, it is provided in a known manner with a recess 8 for receiving a belt loop. At the top, the insertion path is limited by projections 9 rigidly connected to the lock body. The known casing of the lock body by a plastic housing is not shown for the sake of simplicity. (All directions such as "above", "right", "clockwise etc. refer to the illustration in Fig. 1 and 2.)

Das Schloß enthält in Einschubweg eine Auswerferplatte 10, die darin auf nicht gezeigte Weise in Richtung des Einschubwegs beweglich geführt ist und entgegen der Einschubrichtung durch eine Feder 11 beansprucht ist, die in Bodenschlitzen geführt ist. In Figuren 1-3 ist daher der Einschubweg durch die Oberseite des Bodens 1 und durch die Lager der Einschubzunge 4 und der Auswerferplatte 10 sowie durch die Vorsprünge 9 erkennbar.The lock contains an ejector plate 10 in the insertion path, which is movably guided in the direction of the insertion path in a manner not shown and is loaded against the direction of insertion by a spring 11 which is guided in bottom slots. In Figures 1-3, therefore, the insertion path through the top of the bottom 1 and through the bearings of the insertion tongue 4 and the ejector plate 10 and through the projections 9 can be seen.

In der hinteren (in der Zeichnung also rechten) Hälfte des Schloßkörpers befindet sich in beiden Seitenwänden 2 an übereinstimmender Stelle ein Ausschnitt 12 zur Aufnahme seitlicher Vorsprünge 13 einer Riegelplatte 14. Zwischen den Ausschnitten 12 und den zugehörigen Vorsprüngen 13 ist soviel Spiel vorhanden, daß die Riegelplatte 14 um einen kleinen Winkel um eine quer zur Einschubrichtung und parallel zum Boden 1 liegende Achse schwenkbar ist. Die beiden im Betrieb der Vorrichtung praktisch auftretenden Endstellungen sind in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellt. Die Riegelplatte besteht aus einem hinteren, die Vorsprünge 13 verbindenden Quersteg 15 und zwei davon nach vorn führenden Armen 16, die vorne einen nach unten vorspringenden Riegelteil 17 tragen, der eine nach hinten weisende Riegelstirn 18 bildet. Der Riegelteil 17 ragt nach vorne gegenüber den Armen 16 ein wenig vor, so daß sich auf seiner Oberseite eine freie Fläche 19 bildet, die nach vorne durch seine Vorderkante begrenzt ist. Im Verriegelungszustand (Fig. 1) liegt diese Fläche in der oberen Begrenzungsebene des Einschubweges oder ein wenig darüber.In the rear (in the drawing on the right) half of the lock body there is a cutout 12 in both side walls 2 at a corresponding location for receiving lateral projections 13 of a locking plate 14. Between the cutouts 12 and the associated projections 13 there is so much play that the Locking plate 14 can be pivoted through a small angle about an axis lying transversely to the direction of insertion and parallel to the floor 1. The two end positions practically occurring during the operation of the device are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The locking plate consists of a rear cross bar 15, which connects the projections 13, and two arms 16 leading from it to the front, which carry a downwardly projecting locking part 17 at the front, which forms a locking end 18 pointing towards the rear. The latch part 17 protrudes slightly towards the front relative to the arms 16, so that a free surface 19 is formed on its upper side, which is limited at the front by its front edge. In the locked state (FIG. 1), this surface lies in the upper boundary plane of the insertion path or a little above it.

Die Riegelplatte 14 weist an ihrem hinteren Ende einen oder mehrere Vorsprünge 20 auf, die nahe der durch das vordere Ende der Ausschnitte 12 festgelegten Drehachse der Riegelplatte nach unten ragen und den Einschubweg nach hinten begrenzen. Sie dienen zusammen mit der Auswerferplatte 10 der Zwangsverriegelung der Einschubzunge. Diese bewegt nämlich die Auswerferplatte 10 beim Einschieben nach hinten entgegen dem Druck der Feder 11, wobei die Auswerferplatte 10 so lang ausgeführt ist, daß sie gerade gegen die Vorsprünge 20 stößt, dadurch eine Linksdrehung des Riegels im Gegenuhrzeigersinn veranlassend, wenn die Verriegelungsfläche 7 der Einschubzunge 4 soeben unter der Riegelstirn 18 des Riegelteils 17 hindurchgegangen ist.The locking plate 14 has at its rear end one or more projections 20 which project downward near the axis of rotation of the locking plate defined by the front end of the cutouts 12 and limit the insertion path to the rear. Together with the ejector plate 10, they serve to positively lock the insertion tongue. This moves namely the ejector plate 10 when inserted backwards against the pressure of the spring 11, the ejector plate 10 being so long that it just abuts against the projections 20, thereby causing a counterclockwise rotation of the bolt when the locking surface 7 of the insertion tongue 4 has just passed under the locking face 18 of the locking part 17.

Die Riegelstirn 18 des Riegelteils 17 steht in Verriegelungszustand etwa senkrecht zu der Richtung des Einschubwegs und in einem stumpfen Winkel zur Verbindungslinie mit der Riegelachse. Wenn auf die Riegelstirn 18 eine Kraft nach links in Richtung des Einschubwegs ausgeübt wird, beispielsweise durch eine auf die Einschubzunge wirkende Gurtkraft oder durch die Auswerferfeder 11, wird, daher ein Drehmoment auf den Riegel ausgeübt, das von der im Einschubweg wirkenden Kraft und dem Abstand des Einschubwegs von der Riegeldrehachse als Hebelarm gebildet ist. Dieses Drehmoment sucht den Riegel im Uhrzeigersinn zu drehen, den Riegelteil 17 aus der Riegelausnehmung der Einschubzunge zu heben und somit die Verriegelung zu lösen. Dies wird im Verriegelungszustand durch den Schwenkhebel 21 verhindert. Dieser Schwenkhebel 21 befindet sich oberhalb der nach oben weisenden Fläche 19 des Verriegelungsteils 17. Es ist als eine sich quer im Schloßkörpers erstreckende Platte ausgebildet, deren Umriß man in Fig. linkserkennt, während sie rechts teilweise weggebrochen ist, um den Blick auf die Riegelplatte freizugeben. Der Schwenkhebel ist mit seinen seitlichen Vorsprüngen 22 in Ausschnitten 24 der Seitenwände 2 gelagert, so daß sich die bei 25 (Fig. 1) bereichsweise angedeutete Drehachse ergibt, die parallel zur Drehachse des Riegels 13-17 ist. Er läßt sich daher verschwenken mindestens zwischen den beiden Endstellungen, die in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellt sind. Zur Verschwenkung dient einerseits eine Feder 26, die ihn im Gegenuhrzeigersinn zu schwenken versucht, und andererseits der Schieber 27, der parallel zum Einschubweg auf nicht gezeigte Weise im Schloßkörper beweglich geführt ist und bei Bewegung nach rechts gegen das obere Ende des Schwenkhebels stößt und den Schwenkhebel dadurch im Uhrzeigersinn dreht. Der Schwenkhebel 21 wird in der Sicherungsstellung einerseits durch die Feder 26 gehalten. Andererseits wird er aber zweckmäßigerweise so angeordnet, daß er im Falle einer Belastung durch Selbsthemmung daran gehindert ist, sich aus der Sicherungsstellung zu entfernen. Diese Selbsthemmung kann beispielsweise dadurch erzielt werden, daß die Schwenkachse 25 ein wenig links (in der Zeichnung) von dem auf die Sicherungsfläche 19 gefällten Lot angeordnet wird. Die Schwenkachse 25 des Schwenkhebels wird im schwach oder unbelasteten Zustand von einer Schwenkstütze 32 an der hinteren (rechten) Begrenzungskante des Lagerausschnitts 24 gebildet, die als konkave Rundung, Vorsprung oder dachförmige Kante ausgebildet ist, auf der Schwenkhebel 21 reibungsarm abrollt oder kippt. Im belasteten Zustand bestimmt hingegen die obere Begrenzungskante 30 des Lagerausschnitts die Drehachse. Diese Kante ist ebenfalls als konkave Rundung oder Kante ausgebildet mit einem mittleren, weitest vorspringenden Punkt 40.The locking face 18 of the locking part 17 is approximately perpendicular to the direction of the insertion path in the locked state and at an obtuse angle to the connecting line with the locking axis. Therefore, when a force is exerted to the left on the latch face 18 in the direction of the insertion path, for example by a belt force acting on the insertion tongue or by the ejector spring 11, a torque is exerted on the bolt which is dependent on the force acting on the insertion path and the distance the insertion path from the bolt axis of rotation as He belarm is formed. This torque tries to turn the bolt clockwise, to lift the bolt part 17 out of the bolt recess of the insertion tongue and thus to release the lock. This is prevented by the pivot lever 21 in the locked state. This pivot lever 21 is located above the upwardly facing surface 19 of the locking part 17. It is designed as a plate which extends transversely in the lock body, the outline of which can be seen on the left in FIG. 1, while it has partially broken away on the right in order to reveal the locking plate . The pivoting lever is supported with its lateral projections 22 in cutouts 24 of the side walls 2, so that the axis of rotation indicated at 25 (FIG. 1) results, which is parallel to the axis of rotation of the bolt 13-17. It can therefore be pivoted at least between the two end positions, which are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. For pivoting serves on the one hand a spring 26 which tries to pivot it counterclockwise, and on the other hand the slide 27, which is guided parallel to the insertion path in a manner not shown in the lock body and pushes against movement to the right against the upper end of the pivot lever and the pivot lever thereby rotating clockwise. The pivot lever 21 is held in the locked position on the one hand by the spring 26. On the other hand, it is expediently arranged such that it is prevented from moving away from the securing position in the event of self-locking stress. This self-locking can be achieved, for example, by arranging the pivot axis 25 a little to the left (in the drawing) of the solder dropped onto the securing surface 19. The pivot axis 25 of the pivot lever is formed in the weak or unloaded state by a pivot support 32 on the rear (right) boundary edge of the bearing cutout 24, which is designed as a concave curve, projection or roof-shaped edge on which the pivot lever 21 rolls or tilts with low friction. In the loaded state, however, the upper boundary edge 30 of the bearing section determines the axis of rotation. This edge is also designed as a concave curve or edge with a central, most protruding point 40.

Die Feder 26 ist zweckmäßigerweise so ausgeführt, daß sie sich einerseits an dem unteren Teil des Schwenkhebels und andererseits an dem Schieber 27 abstützt. Beide Teile werden dadurch mit doppelter Wirkung in ihre Normalstellung gedrängt. Sie kann selbstverständlich anders ausgeführt sein, als es in der Zeichnung dargestellt ist.The spring 26 is advantageously designed so that it is supported on the one hand on the lower part of the pivot lever and on the other hand on the slide 27. Both parts are thereby pushed into their normal position with double effect. It can of course be carried out differently than it is shown in the drawing.

Oberhalb des zwischen den Vorsprüngen 22 liegenden Bereichs ist der Schwenkhebel möglichst materialarm ausgeführt. Lediglich in der Mitte erreicht er die volle Höhe, die zum Zusammenwirken mit dem Schieber 27 erforderlich ist. Dies dient nicht nur der Gewichtsersparnis, sondern auch aus später zu erläuternden Gründen der Anordnung des Schwerpunkts im unteren Schwenkhebelbereich.Above the area lying between the projections 22, the swivel lever is made with as little material as possible. Only in the middle does it reach the full height that is required to interact with the slide 27. This not only serves to save weight, but also to arrange the center of gravity in the lower swivel lever area for reasons to be explained later.

Die erläuterte Anordnung ergibt folgende Funktionsweise.The arrangement explained results in the following mode of operation.

Im gelösten Zustand des Schlosses (Fig. 2) befindet sich die Auswerferplatte 10 im Einschubweg unter dem Riegelteil 17 des Riegels, so daß dieser den Einschubweg nicht versperren kann. Es ist daher möglich, die Einschubzunge 5 nach rechts in den Einschubweg zu bewegen, wobei die Auswerferplatte 10 ebenfalls nach rechts geschoben wird. Erreicht die Auswerferplatte 10 die Vorsprünge 20, so befindet sich die Verriegelungsausnehmung 6 der Einschubzunge 4 unterhalb des Riegelteils 17. Bei weiterer Bewegung wird der Riegel durch den Stoß der Auswerferplatte 10 auf die Vorsprünge 20 im Gegenuhrzeigersinn geschwenkt, so daß der Riegelteil 17 in die Verriegelungsausnehmung 6 eindringen muß.In the released state of the lock (Fig. 2), the ejector plate 10 is in the insertion path under the bolt part 17 of the bolt, so that it cannot block the insertion path. It is therefore possible to move the insertion tongue 5 to the right into the insertion path, the ejector plate 10 also being pushed to the right. When the ejector plate 10 reaches the projections 20, the locking recess 6 of the insertion tongue 4 is located below the locking part 17. As the movement continues, the bolt is pivoted counter-clockwise by the impact of the ejector plate 10 onto the projections 20, so that the locking part 17 enters the locking recess 6 must penetrate.

Im gelösten Zustand des Schlosses liegt das untere Ende des Schwenkhebels 21 aufgrund der Federkraft 26 unter Vorspannung an der nach vorn weisenden Stirn des Riegelteils 17 an. In dem Augenblick, wo dieser sich in die Verriegelungsausnehmung der Einschubzunge senkt, gleitet die erwähnte Stirn unter den Schwenkriegel, so daß dieser sich unter der Wirkung der Feder 26 im Gegenuhrzeigersinn drehen kann, bis er an der hinteren Begrenzung 28 der Lagerausschnitte 24 anliegt (Fig. 1). Dabei befindet sich die nach unten weisende Stirn 29 des Schwenkhebels 21 unmittelbar oberhalb der nach oben weisenden Fläche 19 des Riegelteils. In dieser Stellung, in der der Schwenkriegel durch die Feder 26 gehalten wird, sichert er den Riegel 13-17 in der Verriegelungsstellung.In the released state of the lock, the lower end of the pivoting lever 21 bears against the forward-facing forehead of the locking part 17 due to the spring force 26. At the moment that it lowers into the locking recess of the insertion tongue, the aforementioned forehead slides under the pivot bolt so that it can rotate counterclockwise under the action of the spring 26 until it abuts the rear boundary 28 of the bearing cutouts 24 (FIG . 1). The forehead 29, which points downward, of the pivoting lever 21 is located directly above the upwardly facing surface 19 of the locking part. In this position, in which the pivot bolt is held by the spring 26, it secures the bolt 13-17 in the locking position.

Im Verriegelungszustand übt die Verriegelungsfläche 7 der Einschubzunge 4 auf die Riegelstirn 18 des Riegelteils 17 eine in Richtung des Einschubwegs nach links gerichtete Kraft aus, deren Wirkungslinie im Einschubweg und daher in einem gewissen Abstand unterhalb der durch die Ausschnitte 13 festgelegten Schwenkachse des Riegels 13-17 verläuft. Wäre der Riegel nicht durch den Schwenkhebel 21 in seiner Position gesichert, käme es daher zur Ausbildung eines Drehmoments auf den Riegel 13-17 im Uhrzeigersinn, der ihn aus der Verriegelungsstellung in die Öffnungsstellung drängen würde. Die geometrischen Verhältnisse sind so gewählt, daß dieses Drehmoment schon allein unter der Wirkung der Auswerferfeder 11 zum Öffnen des Riegels ausreicht.In the locked state, the locking surface 7 of the insertion tongue 4 exerts a force on the locking face 18 of the locking part 17 in the direction of the insertion path, the line of action of which in the insertion path and therefore at a certain distance below the pivot axis of the locking bolt 13-17 defined by the cutouts 13 runs. If the bolt were not secured in its position by the pivot lever 21, a torque would therefore be generated on the bolt 13-17 in a clockwise direction, which would force it out of the locking position into the open position. The geometric ratios are chosen so that this torque is sufficient to open the bolt under the action of the ejector spring 11 alone.

Wird nun zum Öffnen des Schlosses der Schieber 27 nach rechts bewegt, so wird der Schwenkhebel 21 im Uhrzeigersinn gedreht, wodurch er beim Passieren der Vorderkante des Riegelteils 17 die Einwirkung auf die Sicherungsfläche 11 verliert. Der Riegel wird dadurch frei und kann unter der Wirkung der in der Einschubzunge oder in der Auswerferplatte wirkenden Kräfte nach oben ausweichen und dadurch die Einschubzunge freigeben.If the slide 27 is now moved to the right to open the lock, the pivot lever 21 is rotated clockwise, as a result of which it loses its action on the securing surface 11 when it passes the front edge of the locking part 17. The bolt is thereby released and can deflect upwards under the action of the forces acting in the insertion tongue or in the ejector plate and thereby release the insertion tongue.

Im Belastungsfall hat der Schwenkhebel 21 eine gewisse Komponente der Zungenbelastung aufzunehmen. Die Größe dieser Komponente richtet sich nach dem Verhältnis des Abstands der Schwenkachse des Riegels 13-17 von der Mitte des Einschubwegs zu dem Abstand der Schwenkachse des Riegels 13-17 von der Riegelstirn 18. Das Verhältnis dieser Strecken liegt im allgemeinen zwischen etwa 1 : 2 und 1 : 10 und vorzugsweise im Bereich von 1 : 3. Das heißt, daß beispielsweise ein Drittel der Zungenbelastung auf den Schwenkhebel 21 übertragen wird. Dieser Bruchteil ist so gering und die zusammenwirkenden Flächen 19 und 29 des Riegels und des Schwenkhebels können leicht so groß gestaltet werden, daß an diesen Flächen auch bei der stärksten in der Praxis vorkommenden Belastung keine Verformung stattfindet. Die Reibung in diesem Bereich ist daher auch nach Belastung sehr gering. Entsprechend gering ist die erforderliche Öffnungskraft. Eine Verformung kann hingegen auftreten bei den Schwenklagern des Schwenkhebels 21 in den Wänden 2 des Schloßkörpers, weil dort die zusammenwirkenden Flächen der Vorsprünge 22 und der Lagerausschnitte 24 (Flächen 30) wesentlich kleiner sind. Man kann diese Flächen aber so ausbilden, daß selbst im Falle einer gewissen Verformung praktisch kein Schwenkwiderstand auftritt, indem nämlich die obere Begrenzungskante 30 (Fig. 4 und 5) des Lagerausschnitts 24 konvex rund oder dachförmig nach unten vorspringend gestaltet wird, so daß die zugehörige Fläche des Schwenkhebels darauf abrollen kann.In the event of a load, the pivot lever 21 has to take up a certain component of the tongue load. The size of this component depends on the ratio of the distance of the pivot axis of the bolt 13-17 from the center of the insertion path to the distance of the pivot axis of the bolt 13-17 from the bolt face 18. The ratio of these distances is generally between about 1: 2 and 1:10 and preferably in the range of 1: 3. This means that, for example, a third of the tongue load is transferred to the pivot lever 21. This fraction is so small and the cooperating surfaces 19 and 29 of the bolt and the pivoting lever can easily be made so large that no deformation takes place on these surfaces, even under the heaviest load occurring in practice. The friction in this area is therefore very low even after loading. The opening force required is correspondingly low. On the other hand, deformation can occur in the pivot bearings of the pivot lever 21 in the walls 2 of the lock body, because there the interacting surfaces of the projections 22 and the bearing cutouts 24 (surfaces 30) are significantly smaller. However, these surfaces can be designed in such a way that even in the event of a certain deformation there is practically no swiveling resistance, namely by the upper boundary edge 30 (FIGS. 4 and 5) of the bearing cutout 24 being designed to be convexly round or roof-shaped, so that the associated one Surface of the swivel lever can roll on it.

Es ist nicht unbedingt erforderlich, daß die Riegelfläche 18 des Riegelteils 17 in der oben erläuterten Weise im Verriegelungszustand genau senkrecht zur Richtung des Einschubwegs verläuft. Es kommt nur darauf an, daß ihre Richtung im Verhältnis zur Lage des Riegelschwenkpunkts so ist, daß es zur Bildung des den Riegel in die Lösestellung überführenden Drehmoments kommt, wenn der Schwenkhebel in die Lösestellung (Fig. 2) überführt wird. Mit anderen Worten muß die Tangente im Berührungspunkt zwischen Riegelstirn 18 und Verriegelungsfläche 7 sich mit einem vom Riegelschwenkpunkt ausgehenden Radius außerhalb des Einschubwegs rechtwinklig schneiden, wobei der spitze Winkel in dem von diesem Schnittpunkt, dem Riegelschwenkpunkt und dem Berührungspunkt gebildeten rechtwinkligen Dreieck größer ist als der Reibungswinkel im Berührungspunkt.It is not absolutely necessary that the locking surface 18 of the locking part 17 runs exactly perpendicular to the direction of the insertion path in the locked state in the manner explained above. It is only important that their direction in relation to the position of the bolt pivot point is such that the torque which transfers the bolt to the release position is formed when the pivot lever is transferred to the release position (FIG. 2). In other words, the tangent at the point of contact between the bolt face 18 and the locking surface 7 must intersect at right angles with a radius starting from the bolt pivot point outside the insertion path, the acute angle in the right-angled triangle formed by this intersection point, the bolt pivot point and the point of contact being greater than the friction angle at the point of contact.

Die Zuverlässigkeit des Schlosses unter extremer Beanspruchung hängt u. a. davon ab, daß der Schwenkhebel auch unter schockartiger Beanspruchung des Schlosses aus beliebiger Richtung seine Verriegelungsstellung (Fig.1) beibehält. Dies sei anhand von Fig. 4 erläutert, die den Schwenkhebel in der Verriegelungsstellung darstellt..The reliability of the lock under extreme stress depends on. a. from the fact that the swivel lever maintains its locking position (FIG. 1) even under shock-like loading of the lock from any direction. This is explained with reference to FIG. 4, which shows the pivot lever in the locked position.

Wenn auf das Gehäuse ein Stoß in Richtung des Pfeils 31 wirkt, wird der Schwenkhebel 21 von der hinteren Begrenzungskante 28 des Lagerausschnittes 24 abgestützt. Diese hintere Begrenzung endet oben an der Stelle 32, die als Schwenkstützpunkt für den Schwenkhebel 21 bezeichnet wird. Würde der Schwerpunkt 33 des Schwenkhebels 21 wesentlich oberhalb des Schwenkstützpunkts 32 liegen, so bestünde die Gefahr, daß der Schwenkhebel sich unter der Beschleunigung 31 im Uhrzeigersinn dreht und dadurch aus der Sicherungsstellung gerät. Dieser Gefahr begegnet man dadurch, daß man den Schwerpunkt 33 nahe dem Schwenkstützpunkt 32 anordnet, so daß die Wirkung der Feder 26 jedenfalls stärker ist als ein gegebenenfalls gegenwirkendes Drehmoment. Vorzugsweise liegt der Schwerpunkt 33 sogar etwas unterhalb des Schwenkstützpunkts 32. Damit die Feder 26 ihre Sicherungsfunktion besser erfüllen kann, ist ihr Angriffspunkt 34 zweckmäßigerweise unterhalb des Schwenkstützpunktes 32 vorgesehen.If a shock acts in the direction of arrow 31 on the housing, the pivot lever 21 is supported by the rear boundary edge 28 of the bearing cutout 24. This rear boundary ends at the top 32, which is referred to as the pivot base for the pivot lever 21. If the center of gravity 33 of the swivel lever 21 were substantially above the swivel support point 32, there would be the danger that the swivel lever would rotate clockwise under the acceleration 31 and thereby get out of the secured position. This danger is countered by arranging the center of gravity 33 close to the swivel base 32, so that the action of the spring 26 is in any case stronger than a possibly counteracting torque. The center of gravity 33 is preferably even slightly below the swivel base 32. In order that the spring 26 can better fulfill its securing function, its point of application 34 is expediently provided below the swivel base 32.

Gefährlicher ist ein in Richtung 35 wirkender Stoß. Würde sich der Hebel 21 gegenüber einem solchen Stoß an der der Stelle 32 gegenüberliegenden Stelle 39 des Lagerausschnittes abstützen, würde er aufgrund des tiefer gelegenen Schwerpunktes 33 einem im Uhrzeigersinn wirkenden Drehmoment unterworfen, das ihn, falls die Federkraft 26 nicht überwiegt, aus der Sicherungsstellung auszudrehen strebt. Dies wird in den meisten Fällen erfindungsgemäß dadurch vermieden, daß auf der dem Schwenkstützpunkt 32 gegenüberliegenden Seite in dem Lagerausschnitt 24 beträchtliches Spiel 37 vorgesehen ist, so daß sich der Schwenkhebel auf der linken, vorderen Seite zumindest anfangs nur an der Feder 26 in deren Angriffspunkt 34 abstützt. Da dieser Angriffspunkt unterhalb des Schwerpunkts 33 gelegen ist, ergibt sich unter dem Stoß 35 im Gegenuhrzeigersinn auf den Schwenkhebel wirkendes Drehmoment, das ihn oben nach links in den Bereich des Spiels 37 bewegt, wobei sich sein Drehpunkt auf dem seiner Lagerfläche 37 gegenüberliegenden Ende, meistens bei der Ecke 41, befindet, mit der er sich an der Sicherungsfläche 19 des Riegels abstützt. Während dieser Bewegung kann die Stoßbeanspruchung, die im allgemeinen nur sehr kurzfristig andauert, ihre gefährliche Spitze bereits überwunden haben. Eine Größe des Spiels 37 in der Größenordnung einer halben Schwenkhebeldicke reicht in den meisten Fällen aus.A shock in direction 35 is more dangerous. If the lever 21 were supported against such a shock at the point 39 of the bearing cutout opposite the point 32, it would be subjected to a clockwise torque due to the lower center of gravity 33 which, if the spring force 26 does not prevail, would turn it out of the securing position strives. In most cases, this is avoided according to the invention in that considerable play 37 is provided in the bearing cutout 24 on the side opposite the pivoting support point 32, so that the pivoting lever on the left, front side is at least initially only on the spring 26 in its point of engagement 34 supports. Since this point of attack is located below the center of gravity 33, there is a torque acting under the impact 35 counterclockwise on the pivoting lever, which moves it upward to the left in the area of the play 37, its pivot point usually at the end opposite its bearing surface 37 at the corner 41, with which it is supported on the securing surface 19 of the bolt. During this movement, the shock load, which generally lasts only for a very short time, may have already overcome its dangerous peak. A size of the game 37 on the order of half a pivot lever thickness is sufficient in most cases.

Bei starker Stoßbeanspruchung 35 wird sich der obere Riegelteil soweit nach links bewegen, bis er durch eine Begrenzung des Ausschnitts 24 an weiterer Bewegung gehindert wird. Wenn dies der Punkt 39 an der linken Begrenzungskante 42 des Lagerausschnitts 24 ist (gestrichelte Schwenkhebelstellung), bildet der Punkt 39 einen neuen Stützpunkt für den Schwenkhebel gegenüber den einwirkenden Kräften. Da der Schwerpunkt 33 tiefer liegt, wirkt nun ein Drehmoment im Uhrzeigersinn, welches das untere Ende des Schwenkhebels aus der Sicherungsstellung herauszudrehen versucht. Dabei legt sich die obere rechte Ecke 43 oder eine ihr nahe gelegene Stelle der oberen Lagerfläche 38 des Schwenkhebels an der oberen Begrenzungskante 30 des Lagerausschnitts an, und zwar im allgemeinen an dem weitest vorragenden Punkt 40 derselben. Wenn der Lagerausschnitt nicht hoch genug ist, kann es auch vorkommen, daß die linke obere Kante des Schwenkhebels die linke Begrenzungskante 42 des Lagerausschnitts 24 gar nicht erreicht, sondern stattdessen die Gegenuhrzeigerschwenkung des Schwenkhebels gemäß der strichpunktierten Darstellung dadurch aufgehalten wird, daß eine obere Lagerfläche 38 in Punkt 44 an einer weit vorragenden Stelle 40 der oberen Begrenzung 30 des Lagerausschnitts 24 hängen bleibt.In the event of heavy impact stress 35, the upper latch part will move to the left until it is prevented from further movement by a limitation of the cutout 24. If this is the point 39 on the left-hand boundary edge 42 of the bearing cutout 24 (dashed pivot lever position), the point 39 forms a new base for the pivot lever with respect to the acting forces. Since the center of gravity 33 is lower, a torque now acts in a clockwise direction, which tries to unscrew the lower end of the pivoting lever from the securing position. The upper right corner 43 or a location close to it of the upper bearing surface 38 of the pivot lever lies on the upper boundary edge 30 of the bearing section, generally at the most protruding point 40 thereof. If the bearing cutout is not high enough, it can also happen that the left upper edge of the pivot lever does not reach the left boundary edge 42 of the bearing cutout 24, but instead the counterclockwise pivoting of the pivot lever is stopped as shown in dash-dotted lines by an upper bearing surface 38 stuck at point 44 at a projecting point 40 of the upper limit 30 of the bearing section 24.

Die Anlagepunkte 39 bzw. bei 40 stellen dann neue Stützpunkte für den Schwenkhebel dar, die höher als dessen Schwerpunkt 33 liegen und daher zur Bildung eines Drehmoments im Uhrzeigersinn Anlaß geben, durch das das untere, den Riegel sichernde Ende des Schwenkhebels aus der Sicherungsstellung herausgedreht werden könnte.The contact points 39 and at 40 then represent new support points for the pivot lever, which are higher than the center of gravity 33 and therefore give rise to a torque in a clockwise direction, by which the lower, locking bolt end of the pivot lever are unscrewed from the securing position could.

Die wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch verhindert, daß die Höhe des Lagerausschnitts 24 zwischen dem Punkt 40, an welchem die obere Lagerfläche 38 des Schwenkhebels zur Anlage kommt, von der gegenüberliegenden Begrenzungskante 45 einen Abstand hat, der geringer ist als die Abmessung des Schwenkriegels zwischen dem Anlagepunkt 43 oder 44 und seiner unteren linken Kante 41. Die Maßnahme hat nämlich zur Folge, daß bei der befürchteten Schwenkung des Schwenkhebels im Uhrzeigersinn um die Punkte 40, 43 oder 44 die untere Kante 41 des Schwenkhebels sehr bald auf die untere Begrenzungskante 45 des Lagerausschnitts stößt, wodurch diese Bewegung sofort beendet wird. Dabei muß selbstverständlich dafür Sorge getragen sein, daß durch geeignete Bemessung des Lagerausschnitts und des Schwenkhebels die Beendigung dieser Bewegung stattfindet, bevor die Unterfläche des Schwenkhebels die Sicherungsfläche 19 des Riegels verlassen hat.This is prevented according to the invention in that the height of the bearing cutout 24 between the point 40, at which the upper bearing surface 38 of the pivot lever comes to rest, is at a distance from the opposite boundary edge 45 which is less than the dimension of the pivot bolt between the contact point 43 or 44 and its lower left edge 41. The result of this is that, when the pivoted lever is pivoted clockwise about points 40, 43 or 44, the lower edge 41 of the pivot lever very soon encounters the lower boundary edge 45 of the bearing cutout, which immediately stops this movement. Of course, care must be taken to ensure that the appropriate dimensioning of the bearing cutout and the pivoting lever ends this movement before the lower surface of the pivoting lever has left the securing surface 19 of the bolt.

Aus dieser Funktionsbeschreibung ergibt sich eine Folgerung für die Bemessung des Spiels 37 für den Fall einer im wesentlichen symmetrischen Ausbildung des Lagerausschnitts 24. In diesem Falle ist es nämlich zweckmäßig, daß bei der unter der Stoßbeanspruchung 35 die zunächst stattfindende Gegenuhrzeigerschwenkung des Schwenkhebels dessen obere Lagerfläche 38 den weitest vorspringenden Punkt 40 der oberen Ausschnittbegrenzung 30 möglichst nahe seiner oberen rechten Ecke 43 erreicht, damit die volle Diagonalabmessung des Lagervorsprungs des Schwenkhebels zur Sicherung im Verhältnis zur Höhe des Ausschnitts genutzt werden kann. Dieses Ziel wird dann erreicht, wenn das Spiel 37 (gemessen in Richtung der Schwenkbewegung der linken oberen Ecke des Schwenkhebelvor.: sprungs) ungefähr eine halbe Schwenkhebeldicke beträgt.From this functional description there follows a conclusion for the dimensioning of the clearance 37 in the case of an essentially symmetrical design of the bearing cutout 24. In this case it is in fact expedient that when the pivoting lever 35 is initially pivoted counterclockwise, the upper bearing surface 38 thereof reaches the most protruding point 40 of the upper cutout boundary 30 as close as possible to its upper right corner 43 so that the full diagonal dimension of the bearing projection of the pivot lever can be used for securing in relation to the height of the cutout. This goal is achieved when the clearance 37 (measured in the direction of the pivoting movement of the upper left corner of the pivot lever advance : jump) is approximately half a pivot lever thickness.

Claims (8)

1. A buckle for a seat belt, consisting of an insertable tongue with an interlocking recess and a lock with an insertion path, which is bounded by guiding devices on at least one side and is open at its front end and comprises an ejector spring, for the insertable tongue and with a bolt which is pivotally mounted in the lock and whose swivel axis extends transversely to the direction of the insertion path and which forms a bolt front which co-operates with the interlocking recess of the insertable tongue and which is movable into the insertion path from the side that is remote from the guiding devices and is so arranged that, in the interlocked position, the ejector spring urges the bolt out of engagement, and with a safety device for securing the bolt in the interlocked position, which device is urged into the securing position by spring force and can be removed there from for the opening of the lock, characterised in that the securing device is a double-arm pivoted lever (21) which is arranged transversely to the bolt (13 to 17) and is provided with a centre of gravity (33) that is close to its pivot point (32).
2. A buckle as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the swivel axis (bearing cut-out 12) of the bolt lies at the insertion path side that is remote from the guiding devices (1) behind the interlocking front (18).
3. A buckle as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the bolt (13 to 17), close to its end that carries the interlocking front (18), has a securing surface (19) which extends transversely to its direction of movement and which, in the interlocked state, co-operates with a front of the pivoted lever (21).
4. A buckle as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the pivoted lever (21), at its end which does not co-operate with the bolt (13 to 17), is in communication with a handle (27).
5. A buckle as claimed in Claim 4, characterised in that the handle is a slider (27) which is guided approximately parallel to the insertion path.
6. A buckle as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the pivoted lever (21) is mounted in V-shaped bearing cut-outs (24) and in that its centre of gravity (33) is arranged so as to be lower than the pivot points of support (32) formed on the rear bounding edges (28) of the bearing cut-outs (24) and so as to be higher than the point of action (34) of the spring (26) which urges it into the position of engagement, the bearing cut-out (24), at the side that is opposite to the pivot point of support (32), having much play (37).
7. A buckle as claimed in Claim 6, characterised in that the magnitude of the play (37) is between 1/5 and 4/5 of the thickness of the bearing projection of the pivoted lever.
8. A buckle as claimed in Claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the height of the bearing cut-out (24) between the zone (40) of its boundary (30), which the bearing surface (38) of the pivoted lever comes to abut upon pivoting, which takes place from its securing position, about a point that is remote from its bearing surface (38), and the opposite boundary (45) of the bearing cut-out is less than the diagonal dimension of the bearing projection of the pivoted lever.
EP80107136A 1980-11-18 1980-11-18 Buckle for a safety belt Expired EP0052160B1 (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8080107136T DE3068725D1 (en) 1980-11-18 1980-11-18 Buckle for a safety belt
EP80107136A EP0052160B1 (en) 1980-11-18 1980-11-18 Buckle for a safety belt
AT80107136T ATE8566T1 (en) 1980-11-18 1980-11-18 BUCKLE FOR A SEAT BELT.
US06/290,371 US4388746A (en) 1980-11-18 1981-08-05 Buckle for a safety belt
ZA816925A ZA816925B (en) 1980-11-18 1981-10-07 Buckle for a safety belt
AU76594/81A AU546356B2 (en) 1980-11-18 1981-10-19 Safety belt buckle
JP56172673A JPS57107106A (en) 1980-11-18 1981-10-27 Clasp for safety belt
BR8107455A BR8107455A (en) 1980-11-18 1981-11-17 SAFETY BELT BUCKLE
ES1981261543U ES261543Y (en) 1980-11-18 1981-11-18 A BUCKLE FOR A SEAT BELT.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP80107136A EP0052160B1 (en) 1980-11-18 1980-11-18 Buckle for a safety belt

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0052160A1 EP0052160A1 (en) 1982-05-26
EP0052160B1 true EP0052160B1 (en) 1984-07-25

Family

ID=8186899

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80107136A Expired EP0052160B1 (en) 1980-11-18 1980-11-18 Buckle for a safety belt

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4388746A (en)
EP (1) EP0052160B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS57107106A (en)
AT (1) ATE8566T1 (en)
AU (1) AU546356B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8107455A (en)
DE (1) DE3068725D1 (en)
ES (1) ES261543Y (en)
ZA (1) ZA816925B (en)

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DE3200770A1 (en) * 1982-01-13 1983-07-21 Autoflug Stakupress GmbH & Co, 2000 Norderstedt BUCKLE FOR A BELT
CA1211276A (en) * 1983-02-18 1986-09-16 Horst U. Befort End release buckle
JPS6048811U (en) * 1983-09-12 1985-04-05 タカタ株式会社 Latch buckle for seat belt
DE3533684A1 (en) * 1985-08-17 1987-02-26 Autoflug Gmbh SAFETY BELT CLOSURE
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JPH0540727Y2 (en) * 1987-03-24 1993-10-15
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JP4471340B2 (en) * 2003-10-07 2010-06-02 芦森工業株式会社 Buckle device

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8107455A (en) 1982-08-10
AU546356B2 (en) 1985-08-29
ZA816925B (en) 1982-09-29
US4388746A (en) 1983-06-21
EP0052160A1 (en) 1982-05-26
JPH025401B2 (en) 1990-02-02
ES261543Y (en) 1983-04-01
ES261543U (en) 1982-11-01
AU7659481A (en) 1982-05-27
DE3068725D1 (en) 1984-08-30
JPS57107106A (en) 1982-07-03
ATE8566T1 (en) 1984-08-15

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