EP0038857B1 - Pumpless flow system for a corrosive liquid - Google Patents

Pumpless flow system for a corrosive liquid Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0038857B1
EP0038857B1 EP19810900032 EP81900032A EP0038857B1 EP 0038857 B1 EP0038857 B1 EP 0038857B1 EP 19810900032 EP19810900032 EP 19810900032 EP 81900032 A EP81900032 A EP 81900032A EP 0038857 B1 EP0038857 B1 EP 0038857B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
corrosive liquid
pressure
reservoirs
valve
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19810900032
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0038857A4 (en
EP0038857A1 (en
Inventor
Marion J. Witzenburg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Caterpillar Inc
Original Assignee
Caterpillar Tractor Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Caterpillar Tractor Co filed Critical Caterpillar Tractor Co
Publication of EP0038857A1 publication Critical patent/EP0038857A1/en
Publication of EP0038857A4 publication Critical patent/EP0038857A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0038857B1 publication Critical patent/EP0038857B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F1/00—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped
    • F04F1/06—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped the fluid medium acting on the surface of the liquid to be pumped
    • F04F1/10—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped the fluid medium acting on the surface of the liquid to be pumped of multiple type, e.g. with two or more units in parallel

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the movement of highly corrosive liquids in a flow system without the use of mechanical pumps in contact with the corrosive liquid.
  • Core removal and tire cure have been achieved by flowing a hot caustic solution through the interior of the article.
  • the hot caustic material dissolves the bond holding the grains of the particulate material together and additionally entrains the loosened particulate grains to remove them from the interior of the article in the fluid stream.
  • the present invention is directed to overcoming one or more of the problems as set forth above.
  • a system for transporting highly corrosive liquid without contacting the liquid with a mechanical pump includes a source of gas under pressure and first and second corrosive liquid reservoirs connected in parallel to the gas source such that one or the other, but not both, may receive pressurized gas therefrom. Means are provided for connecting one or the other, but not both, of the reservoirs receiving the pressurized gas to a point of use of the corrosive liquid. Means are also provided for receiving a mixture of the corrosive liquid, after use, for conveying the corrosive liquid to one or the other, but not both of the reservoirs.
  • gas under pressure drives the corrosive liquid from one reservoir to the point of use and then to the other reservoir to be collected and then subsequently driven from that reservoir to the point of use and then to the first mentioned reservoir.
  • No mechanical pumps in contact with the corrosive liquid are required thereby obviating the problems of frequent down time and corrosive liquid leaks.
  • the Fig. is a schematic flow diagram of a corrosive liquid transporting system made according to the invention.
  • a point of use of a highly corrosive liquid is generally designated 10 and for explanatory purposes may be considered to be a tire 12 made according to the teachings of the previously identified United States Letters Patent to Grawey.
  • the corrosive liquid will be a hot caustic solution under pressure which is driven into the interior of the tire via a valve stem shown schematically at 14 and which exits the tire 12 from an opposed valve stem, shown schematically at 16.
  • the system is not limited to use in the formation of tires but may be used wherever the transporting of highly corrosive materials, or a mixture of the corrosive liquid and a particulate material, whether caustic or acidic, in a flow path is required and pump wear and/or leaks is a significant problem.
  • Corrosive liquid may be supplied to the point of use via a line 18 which is connectable through a two-position three-way valve 20 to either of two reservoirs 22 and 24, both in form of pressure vessels.
  • the pressure vessels 22 and 24 have outlets 26 and 28, respectively, connected to the valve 20.
  • the valve 20 is operable, either manually or by means of a control actuator, to direct liquid from the vessel 24 exiting the outlet 28 to the line 18 while sealing the outlet 26 of the vessel 22 or vice versa.
  • each of the pressure vessels 22 and 24 is provided with interior heating elements 30 by which the corrosive liquid contained in either may be selectively heated to an elevated temperature.
  • Each of the vessels 22 and 24 is provided with an inlet 32, and 34, respectively, and the inlets 32 and 34 are connected in parallel to a two-position three-way valve 36.
  • Corrosive liquid in a line 40 is recovered from the point of use 10 by means to be described in greater detail hereinafter and directed to the valve 36.
  • the valve 36 either manually or automatically, may be conditioned to direct the corrosive liquid to the interior of the vessel 22 via the inlet 32 while blocking the inlet 34 for the pressure vessel 24 or vice versa.
  • the corrosive liquid directed to the line 40 is received from the point of use 10 via a line 42 connected to the valve stem 16.
  • the line 42 is connected to the inlet of a settling tank 44 which is a sealed pressure vessel and of sufficient size so that liquid velocity therein is minimal.
  • Particulate material from the dissolving core within the tire 12 is entrained in the liquid exiting the tire 12 on the line 42 and enters the settling tank 44 therewith. By gravity, the same settles to the bottom of the settling tank 44.
  • the bottom of the tank 44 is provided with a valved outlet 46 which may be periodically opened to allow accumulated particulate material to exit the vessel 44 into a hopper 48.
  • the settling tank 44 also includes an upper outlet 50 which is connected to the inlet of a conventional cyclone separator 52.
  • An upper outlet 54 of the cyclone separator is connected to the line 40 while a lower outlet 56 from the cyclone separator 52 is connected to a sealed holding tank 58 which in turn has a valved outlet 60 leading to the hopper 48.
  • Particulate fines which do not readily separate within the settling tank 44 are separated from the corrosive liquid in the cyclone separator 52 and will settle in a conventional fashion to accumulate in the holding tank 58. They may be periodically removed therefrom through suitable operation of the valved outlet 60.
  • Separated particulate received in the hopper 48 is then directed to a conventional draining and/or drying system, generally designated 62, to be collected for subsequent reuse or disposal as desired.
  • an inlet- outlet port, 64 and 66 respectively.
  • port 64 on the reservoir 22 is serving a gas outlet function while the port 66 on the reservoir 24 is serving a gas inlet function.
  • the ports 64 and 66 are connected in parallel via valves 68 and 70, respectively, to the inlet of a conventional gas scrubbing device 72.
  • the outlet of the gas scrubbing device is connected to a low pressure regulator 74 and then to a line 75 to the inlet 76 of an air compressor 78.
  • the ports 64 and 66 are also connected to a two-position three-way valve 80 which in turn is connected to the outlet 82 of the air compressor 78 by a line 84.
  • the outlet 82 of the air compressor 78 is connected via a high pressure regulator 86 to a tank 88.
  • the line 75 is also connected to the tank 88 via a pressure regulator 90 which normally will be set at a value just below the setting on the regulator 74.
  • a heater 92 may be incorporated in the line 18 in addition to or as an alternate for the heaters 30.
  • the three-way valve 80 can be adjusted, either manually or automatically, to direct air under pressure from the air compressor 78 to the interior of the pressure vessel 24 as shown while blocking the port 64 of the pressure vessel 22 or vice versa. It will be appreciated from the foregoing description that the entire system is sealed save for the regulatable outlets for the particulate materials, namely, the valved outlets 46 and 60.
  • the described system is a closed system and during the operational cycle no gas enters or leaves the system. Thus, the mass of gas in the system remains constant but the volume ratio of high to low pressure gas changes as the liquid level changes in the vessels 22 and 24.
  • the tank 88 serves as a reservoir for that mass of gas not active in the system during part of the cycle, and either receives gas from the pressure regulator 86, when pressure is higher than required in line 84, or expels gas through the pressure regulator 90 when the pressure in the line 75 is less than that controlled by the pressure regulator 74.
  • the pressure regulator 74 may be set at any desired pressure so long as it is lower than the pressure setting on the regulator 86 so that a pressure differential will exist for flow purposes as will be seen. This particularly desirable where the corrosive liquid is to be heated by the heaters 30 to a temperature in excess of its boiling point at atmospheric pressure.
  • the minimum system pressure can be set on the regulator 74 at a sufficiently high level so as to prevent the occurence of boiling of the corrosive liquid anywhere within the system.
  • a venting valve in the line 42 whereby the interior of the tire 12 can be vented to atmosphere at the conclusion of the core removal process.
  • a venting valve allows any residual pressure remaining in the tire 12 to be vented to atmospheric prior to removal of the tire 12 from the flow system to avoid any pressurized discharge of gas or caustic solution when the system connections at the valve stems 14 and 16 are removed.
  • a connection of the line 18 to a high pressure air source as by a valve that simultaneously prevents flow in the line 18 from the heater 92 and introduces pressurized air into the tire through the valve stem 14.
  • the purpose of such a construction is to flush any corrosive liquid remaining within the interior of the tire 12 as well as any residual core material therein, out of the tire 12 at the conclusion of corrosive liquid circulation and prior to removal of the tire from the system. Any such material flushed by the high pressure air will exit on the line 42 to the settling tank 44.
  • a further high pressure air inlet to the system may be provided between the outlet of the air compressor 78 and the pressure regulator 86 for the purpose of initially charging the system with a sufficient volume of air so as to enable closed loop operation thereafter, as will be seen.
  • valve 70 will be closed while the valve 68 will be opened.
  • valved outlets 46 and 60 will be closed, although they may be periodically opened when a predetermined particulate level in either the settling tank 44 or the holding tank 58 has been reached, to bring the particulate level down to some predetermined minimum.
  • Compressed air from the air compressor 78 will be provided at a relatively high pressure to the line 84. The high gaseous pressure will be applied via the line 84, the three-way valve 80, and the port 66 to the interior of the pressure vessel 24.
  • Heated, highly corrosive caustic will be driven from the pressure vessel 24 via the valve 20 and the line 18 to the inlet 14 for the tire 12.
  • the hot caustic will dissolve or loosen the bond between the particulate material in the core of the tire 12 and a mixture of corrosive liquid and particulate will exit the tire 12 via the valve stem 16 on the line 42. From there, the mixture will enter the settling tank 44 wherein the vast majority of the particulate will settle out.
  • the corrosive liquid,. containing a small amount of particulate fines will then exit the settling tank 44 via the outlet 50 to enter the cyclone separator 52 in which the fines will be separated from the corrosive liquid.
  • the fully separated corrosive liquid will exit the outlet 54 of the cyclone separator and on the line 40 be directed by the three-way valve 36 to the inlet 32 of the reservoir 22. Since the outlet 26 of the reservoir 22 is closed by the valve 20, air within the pressure vessel 22 will be displaced by the incoming corrosive liquid and will exit the vessel 22 via the port 64. The air will pass through the open valve 68 to the scrubber 72 which will remove any fine droplets or vapor from the corrosive liquid. It will then pass at the pressure determined by the pressure regulator 74 to the line 75 and the inlet 76 for the compressor 78 to have its pressure elevated for recycling.
  • the vessels 22 and 24 can be suitably sized so that they will contain a sufficient amount of corrosive liquid as to fully dissolve the core and completely cure the largest tire 12 for which the system is intended.
  • the valve 20 may be suitably operated so as to close off both of the outlets 26 and 28 or the vessels 22 and 24 and the tire 12 removed and another tire with core intact replaced therein.
  • the corrosive liquid that has been accumulated in the vessel 22 can be heated.
  • the valve 20 may then be operated so as to connect the outlet 26 of the vessel 22 to the line 18 while blocking the outlet 28 of the vessel 24.
  • the valve 68 will then be closed while the valve 70 will be opened.
  • valve 36 will be manipulated so as to direct recovered corrosive liquid incoming on the line 40 to the vessel 24 via its inlet 34.
  • valve 80 will be adjusted so as to direct air under elevated pressure incoming on the line 84 from the compressor 78 to the port 64 for the vessel 22.
  • recovered caustic will be driven therefrom and through the newly placed tire 12 at the point of use 10.
  • recovered corrosive liquid will replenish the vessel 24 and air driven therefrom will be scrubbed by the scrubber 72 and recompressed by the compressor 78 until the cycle is completed.
  • a new tire with core intact is placed at the point of use 10 and suitably connected to the lines 18 and 42, and the operation repeated using corrosive liquid from the vessel 24.
  • the system may be operated in the same fashion described above until either the vessel 22 or the vessel 24 is nearly empty and the receiving vessel 24 or 22 very nearly full. At this time, flow is stopped by placing both valves 68 and 70 in an open condition thereby allowing gas pressure in the vessels 22 and 24 to equalize. Valves 20, 36 and 80 are then switched and one or the other of the valves 68 and 70 closed to cause the liquid to flow from the nearly full one of the vessels 22 and 24 as soon as the air compressor 78 has established an adequate pressure differential.
  • the system provides uniform flow in a closed loop throughout the core removal and/or curing process.
  • the vessel 22 would contain, for example, 59.43 M 3 of air at 2069 Kpa while the vessel 24, being principally filled with corrosive liquid might contain .283 M 3 of air at 2758 Kpa to provide a 690 Kpa pressure differential to cause liquid flow.
  • the vessel 22, having been filled with the liquid would contain .283 M 3 of air at 2069 Kpa while the tank 24, now substantially empty, would contain 59.43 M 3 of air at 2758 Kpa.
  • the supply of the additional air which provides uniform flow throughout the cycle is controlled by the unique arrangement of the pressure regulating valves 74, 86 and 90.
  • the valve 74 would be set to open at 2069 Kpa so that as the volume of liquid in the vessel 22 increases, the resultant pressure build-up will cause the valve 74 to open to supply air to the inlet of the compressor 78.
  • the mass of air thus received will be insufficient to provide the same volume of air at the higher pressure.
  • the pressure regulator 90 which opens in response to sensed pressure in the line 76 as shown in the drawing, would be set at, for example, 2034 Kpa.
  • the pressure in the line 75 will begin to drop.
  • the compressor 78 will not only receive inlet air from the regulator 74, but from the tank 88 through the regulator 90 as well, the latter allowing sufficient flow of air to meet system needs. This will occur throughout the flow cycle insuring that the compressor 78 has sufficient air at its inlet to generate the desired output pressure, here 2758 Kpa.
  • the regulator 86 which is set at such maximum pressure, here 2758 Kpa, opens to allow the excess volume of air to flow into the tank 88 thereby maintaining maximum pressure at 2758 Kpa while increasing the air supply in the tank 88.
  • the minimum system pressure is maintained uniformly throughout the cycle through action of the regulator 74 while the regulator 86 uniformly maintains maximum system pressure.
  • the regulator 90 opens as is required to provide sufficient additional air to the compressor 78 to enable it to maintain the desired maximum system pressure at its outlet. And since the pressures are uniformly maintained, substantially uniform flow will occur throughout the process.
  • system can be applied to the vulcanization mode, concurrently with the removal of the particulate core, without the necessity of carcass molds.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
EP19810900032 1979-11-01 1981-05-19 Pumpless flow system for a corrosive liquid Expired EP0038857B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
WOPCT/US79/00931 1979-11-01
US7900931 1979-11-01

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0038857A1 EP0038857A1 (en) 1981-11-04
EP0038857A4 EP0038857A4 (en) 1982-05-10
EP0038857B1 true EP0038857B1 (en) 1984-07-11

Family

ID=22147764

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19810900032 Expired EP0038857B1 (en) 1979-11-01 1981-05-19 Pumpless flow system for a corrosive liquid

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0038857B1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
JP (1) JPS56501563A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
DE (1) DE3068565D1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
WO (1) WO1981001246A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1004021A3 (nl) * 1989-08-10 1992-09-08 Ven Kari Werkwijze en inrichting voor het door een leiding pompen van vloeistof op hoge temperatuur.
US6536059B2 (en) 2001-01-12 2003-03-25 Micell Technologies, Inc. Pumpless carbon dioxide dry cleaning system

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US204663A (en) * 1878-06-11 Improvement in combined filtering, cooling, and water-forcing apparatus
US832930A (en) * 1905-06-10 1906-10-09 Abner D Strong Water elevating and distributing system.
US990085A (en) * 1909-01-21 1911-04-18 Frederick C Weber Subterranean pumping system.
US1600505A (en) * 1921-10-01 1926-09-21 Sullivan Machinery Co Control mechanism
US2170549A (en) * 1938-05-05 1939-08-22 Lester L Clark Pumping apparatus
FR858930A (fr) * 1939-08-09 1940-12-06 Dispositif pour le pompage des liquides volatils
US2889199A (en) * 1955-12-02 1959-06-02 Hooker Chemical Corp Process for production of calcium hypochlorite bleach liquor
US3405648A (en) * 1966-09-08 1968-10-15 Dan R. Long Fluid pump
US3552884A (en) * 1967-07-20 1971-01-05 Giovanni Faldi Fluid pumping station working on the compressed air principle with partial recovery and re-cycling of the air
US3606921A (en) * 1969-06-23 1971-09-21 Caterpillar Tractor Co Belted oval pneumatic tube-tire
DE2444819B2 (de) * 1974-09-19 1980-01-03 Steag Ag, 4300 Essen Verfahren zum Reinigen des bei der Kohledruckvergasung erzeugten Gases
CH605428A5 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) * 1976-05-17 1978-09-29 Von Roll Ag

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3068565D1 (en) 1984-08-16
JPS56501563A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1981-10-29
EP0038857A4 (en) 1982-05-10
WO1981001246A1 (en) 1981-05-14
EP0038857A1 (en) 1981-11-04

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