EP0018466A1 - Jib-crane - Google Patents

Abstract

The jib crane (7) has a slewing crab (10) which is longitudinally traversable on a crane track (8) close under the roof ridge of a food-mountain hall. The rotatable part (11) of the slewing crab (10) carries a curved guide jib (14) in such a way that the same is displaceable transversely to the perpendicular axis (12) of rotation, which guide jib (14) carries at one end a luffing jib (16) curved in the same way. The latter can be adjusted by a hydraulic luffing mechanism (17) and, at its free end, holds the gripper (20) by means of a rope attachment (21). The crane can traverse freely in the longitudinal direction between the struts (6) at least in a centre sliding position of the jib and, when luffing jib (16) is lowered, can also be rotated at will. When the jib is extended in the transverse direction, the gripper is guided along the curved guide path up to the outermost posts (2) close under the roof cladding (4). In the centre part of the hall, the gripper can also be lifted by the luffing jib through beneath crossbeam (5) up to close under the ridge. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a jib crane for agricultural fodder halls, with a rotating trolley, which is guided longitudinally in the roof space on guide rails and on its rotatable part, which is rotatably mounted about a vertical axis relative to the chassis, carries a boom that can be adjusted transversely to this axis a gripper is suspended at the free end and which is subdivided by a horizontal articulated joint into a rear, adjustable guide arm and a front luffing jib, which are mutually adjustable by means of a motorized luffing mechanism.

Various types of crane systems with a gripper are used as load handling devices for storing winter fodder in fodder halls. Hall cranes with straight or curved girders are known, but they can be installed almost exclusively in newly built halls. There are also various jib cranes that can be used in particular in old buildings.

In DE-Auslegeschrift 1 943 875 a jib crane is described, the telescopically extendable boom with luffing drive is articulated on the underside of the rotatable part of a rotating trolley. In DE-Laid-Open Specification 2,356,904, a jib crane is described, the jib "of which can be retracted by more than half of its length at the maximum extended position and is provided with a roller arrangement by means of which it can be attached to the Supports connected circular arc-shaped support rail whose radius of curvature corresponds approximately to the distance of the outer end of the boom from the center of rotation of the boom with the boom extension fully retracted and the boom is curved. "

The extendable boom according to DE-AS 1 943 875 has the advantage that work and handling is made easier with the retracted short boom, especially in narrow barns with a lot of disturbing beams. The risk of bumping into the roof beams is low when the boom is shortened, especially when traveling by crane and rotating. A high stack height is achieved through the luffing mechanism. In gen ^g iinsti- cases the boom may raised between two runways and the hay to the Kranbahnen.eingelagert be.

There, however, when the boom is extended there is a risk that the boom will be driven into the roof. This can cause damage to the outrigger and the roof, and dangerous accidents can also occur due to falling roof tiles.

The curved boom according to DE-OS 2 356 904 can be designed so that it always remains at a certain small distance from the roof when extending, without the roof can be touched.

The disadvantage here is that the boom cannot perform a rocking movement. The stack height is therefore very limited. It lies about the hook height below the curve that describes the end of the boom carrying the hook. This disadvantage is very significant, since with increased yields and often enlarged forage area the absorption capacity of old barns is almost sufficient anyway.

Common to both known designs is that the telescopic boom described in each case is complex and complicated.

Finally, from DE-Gm 7 229 576 a gripper crane for agricultural purposes is known, the horizontal crane boom, which can also have a telescopically variable length, is attached at one end to the rotatable part of a longitudinally movable rotary trolley and at the other end one adjustable by means of a hydraulic cylinder Boom with gripper carries. When using a cantilever with an invariable length, there can either only be a very limited radius, or the turning circle becomes so large that it cannot be inserted between the side posts, so that the available storage space cannot be fully utilized. However, if one uses a boom with telescopically variable length, the overall arrangement becomes too complicated and prone to failure.

The invention is based on the type of jib crane mentioned at the outset and pursues the task of developing this crane in such a way that it can be produced with little technical effort and is designed to be functionally reliable in such a way that better utilization of the existing storage space is made possible and yet ensured is that the boom cannot hit the roof.

To achieve this object, according to the invention, the extended boom has a constant overall length which is smaller than the clear width of the roof space which is kept free in the direction of travel, and the guide arm as a whole is guided in a longitudinally displaceable manner on the rotatable crane part and has a curvature adapted to the shape of the roof space in such a way that the free end of the luffing jib carrying the gripper is guided in a curve running along the roof skin.

The jib crane according to the invention is particularly characterized in that complicated adjustment mechanisms such as telescopic guides and. Like. Avoided and only a few simple, robust and reliable gear groups are joined together. By combining only one Sliding guide on an arched path and the luffing movement of the luffing jib, however, a much better utilization of the available storage space is achieved. This applies to storage areas at the end of the crane runway or to storage areas at the end of the hall. For example, it is easily possible to raise the gripper in the middle of the hall to just below the ridge.

In normal crane operation, if there are no unusual storage heights to be operated, you will work with a fixed relative setting of the two boom parts and thus the unchanged length of the boom. This can be the extended position, but also a specific kink position with the luffing jib swung up or down from the extended position. Only when the maximum storage height is achieved in this way does the luffing jib reach from field to field under transverse or longitudinal beams, profiled bars or the like. through or extends beyond such bars.

Since the total length of the extended jib should be less than the clear width of the roof space kept clear in the direction of travel, one only has to move the jib into a central position in order to move freely in the longitudinal direction with the jib boom lowered or at least lowered to a certain angular position in every rotational position of the trolley to be able to drive the hall. It goes without saying that each boom must be adapted to the existing roof space. As a rule, one comes with even shorter boom lengths, so that the free longitudinal travel is also possible when the boom is extended by a predetermined distance. The area of the permissible exit can be felt by switches and made visible by signals or by automatic safety devices that ensure that not from striving or the like. limited working area is extended before the boom is retracted.

From the middle position, the overhang can be increased by approx. 60 - 80%, depending on the selected guide length, in order to be able to reach parts of the storage area that are far outside. In addition, since the free end of the luffing jib is guided in a curve running along the roof skin, it can also be loaded in these side parts of the hall up to just under the roof without the risk of piercing the roof skin with the luffing jib.

In principle, any suitable luffing gear can be used here. However, in order to be able to move close to the roof skin and to swing up under beams, the luffing mechanism can have a drafting mechanism, such as a hydraulic cylinder or a threaded spindle, attached to the underside of the boom. It is preferably connected to an extension of the guide arm that projects beyond the articulated joint. In this way, the space required below is limited and there are no disruptive projections on the top of the boom.

In order to protect the luffing gear, both boom parts can be supported against one another by an end stop in the extended position or a lower end position, in particular formed by an end position of the luffing gear. In this lowered position, i.e. when the luffing jib is lowered, the crane operator can work relatively unconcerned, he only has to make sure that he does not come into contact with the beams during crane travel or when swiveling, provided there is no automatic safety device.

It is also easily possible to create a continuous transition from the guide arm to the luffing jib in the stretched position in the region of the articulated joint, even in such a way that the jib can be inserted into the guide on the rotary trolley over the articulated joint. For this, the luffing jib should have the same curvature and in particular the same cross-section as the Füh have booms.

The crane operator is only required to pay more attention if the luffing jib is raised from its extended or lowered position to operate a higher filling height. It can therefore be expedient to control the tipping mechanism in a manner determined by the shape of the roof, depending on the rotational position of the boom. This can be such that one allows only certain luffing angles for certain turning and extending positions of the boom and then switches off automatically. Limit switch controls are often sufficient, but it can also be appropriate to use switch-dependent controls to determine separate switching values for setting options.

• Fig. 1 einen Querschnitt durch eine Futterbergehalle mit in dieser eingebautem erfindungsgemäßen Auslegerkran in einer Streckstellung für den Durchfahrbetrieb,
• Fig. 2 eine der Fig. 1 entsprechende Darstellung mit bis zu seiner Endstellung ausgefahrenem Ausleger,
• Fig. 3 einen Längsschnitt durch die Futterbergehalle mit in Fahrstellung stehendem ausgefahrenen Ausleger und angehobenem Wippausleger und
• Fig. 4 den Kran mit der Wippauslegerstellung nach Fig. 3 bei bis dicht zum Knickgelenk eingefahrenem Ausleger.

The drawing shows the invention, for example. Show it

• 1 shows a cross section through a feed shed with the jib crane according to the invention installed in it in a stretched position for the drive-through operation,
• 2 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 1 with the boom extended to its end position,
• Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section through the Futterbergehalle with extended boom and raised luffing jib in the driving position and
• Fig. 4 shows the crane with the luffing jib position according to Fig. 3 with the boom retracted close to the articulated joint.

The feed hall shown in the drawing is composed of a post 2, rafters 3 and roof skin 4 and crossbar 5 on a stable ceiling 1 or another suitable foundation. Struts 6 support the rafters, limit individual lateral storage compartments and could hinder the longitudinal movement of the jib crane used.

Under the crossbar 5 crane tracks 8 are suspended, on which a rotating trolley 10 is suspended by means of suspension trolleys 9, the rotatable part 11 of which can rotate freely about the vertical axis of rotation 12 and pairs of rollers 13 for a guide arm 14 of the generally with at its front and rear ends 7 designated boom carries.

At the front end of the guide boom on the right in FIG. 1, a rocker arm 16 of approximately the same length is mounted by means of an articulated joint 15, which, for example, can have the same box-shaped cross section as the guide boom 14. Both brackets are curved to the same extent, the luffing jib 16 forming a smooth continuation of the guide jib 14 in the stretched position shown. Depending on requirements, the luffing jib can be straight or curved differently than the guide jib. It can also have a different cross section, since there is normally no need to pass the boom beyond the articulated joint 15 through the rollers 13 of the rotary trolley.

A luffing mechanism 17 designed as a hydraulic cylinder is used to adjust the luffing jib and is attached as a drafting system on the underside of the jib between two lugs 18, 19. The extension 19 of the guide arm 14 protrudes somewhat beyond the articulated joint 15. In the extended position according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the luffing mechanism is in an end position, thus mechanically securing the extended position or another end position. It goes without saying that this end position securing can also be ensured outside the luffing mechanism, for example in such a way that the attachment 14 acts on the luffing jib 16 from below.

At the free end of the luffing jib 16, a gripper 20 of known construction is suspended so that it can be raised and lowered by means of cable hangers 21 and drum or roller bearings 22.

The pump for the hydraulic luffing gear 17, the motors for trolley travel, slewing gear, extension of the boom 7, lifting and actuating the gripper 20, as well as the power supply lines and controls, are omitted for the sake of simplicity.

Fig. 1 shows an extension position of the boom with about half of the maximum radius, in which the free end of the luffing jib 16 is just within the free passage space laterally delimited by the struts 6. At the rear end of the guide arm 14, on the other hand, there remains an even greater distance up to the opposite strut 6. The jib could thus be retracted by the angle a without the risk of collision with a strut 6, provided the luffing jib 16 assumes the stretched position shown. Stops or control rails and pushbuttons between the guide arm 14 and the rotatable part 11 of the rotary trolley can indicate that the crane can move freely on its guide rails 1 and can be pivoted about its axis 12. Only when the boom is moved out of the range of the angle a in one direction or the other, is it necessary to be more careful when driving longitudinally. However, this also only if the boom is positioned transversely to the guide rails 1.

The rotational position of the rotatable cat part 11 can therefore also be tapped in order to ensure the display or protection provided here. In any case, it can be reliably ensured that when the luffing jib is moved into a space divided laterally by the struts 6, the crane is not moved out of this space in the longitudinal direction.

Likewise, the setting of the luffing mechanism 17 or the luffing jib 16 can be scanned to ensure that the roof skin is not damaged. Since the free end of the luffing jib is tight when the jib is extended, but always at a distance from the roof skin long driving, the roof skin could only be damaged by lifting the luffing jib. If the actuation of signal lights is not sufficient, a control lock can also be installed here, which only allows the luffing jib to be raised when the jib is in a limited rotational position relative to the guide rails 8.

As can be seen on the one hand in FIGS. 1 and 2, the entire interior of the hall below the crossbeams 5 can be operated with the luffing jib lowered in its end position. At best in the corners between the crossbeams 5 and the rafters 3 little additional space could be gained. However, if the boom is rotated in the longitudinal direction of the crane carriageway, even with the boom extended according to FIG. 3, considerable lifting height can be obtained for storing additional quantities. The luffing jib 16 can intervene in the triangular first space between the crossbeams 5 even from below if the rotary trolley is held at a greater distance from this field. The lifting height becomes all the greater when the rotary trolley according to FIG. 4 can be brought up close to the respective crossbar 5. It can also be clearly seen that the curvature of the luffing jib 16 downward increases the usual lifting height compared to an extended jib, since the gripper does not come into contact with the jib until later.

Instead of the hydraulic luffing mechanism shown, another drafting system, for example a kink-resistant spindle drive, can also be used, and the boom can have a different cross section and a different section modulus according to its local stress. Furthermore, at least the guide boom can have a curvature that changes along its length, so that quite different roof curves can be followed.

Claims (7)

1. Jib crane for agricultural fodder halls, with a rotating trolley, which is guided longitudinally in the roof space on guide rails and has a boom that can be adjusted transversely to this axis on its rotatable part, which is rotatably mounted about a vertical axis relative to the chassis, at its free end a gripper is suspended and which is subdivided by a horizontal articulated joint into a rear, adjustable guide arm and a front luffing jib, which are mutually adjustable by means of a motorized luffing mechanism, characterized in that the extended jib (7) has a constant overall length, which is smaller than the clear width of the roof space kept clear in the direction of travel, and that the guide boom (14) as a whole is guided to be longitudinally displaceable and has a curvature adapted to the shape of the roof space such that the free end carrying the gripper (20) of the luffing jib (16) in one on the Roof skin (4) is guided along a curve. 2. A jib crane according to claim 1, characterized in that the luffing mechanism (17) has a drafting mechanism, such as a hydraulic cylinder or a threaded spindle, attached to the underside of the jib (7). 3. Jib crane according to claim 2, characterized in that the luffing mechanism (17) is connected to a projection (19) of the guide jib (14) which projects beyond the articulated joint (15). 4. Jib crane according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that both jib parts (14, 16) are supported against one another in the extended position or a lower end position by an end stop formed in particular by an end position of the luffing mechanism (17) (Fig. 1 , 2). 5. jib crane according to claim 4, characterized in that in the extended position in the region of the articulated joint (15) a continuous transition from the guide boom (14) to the luffing jib (16) is formed. 6. jib crane according to claim 5, characterized in that the luffing jib (16) has the same curvature and in particular the same cross section as the guide boom (14). 7. jib crane according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the luffing mechanism (17) can be controlled in a manner determined by the roof construction in dependence on the rotational position of the jib (7).

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