EP0011820A1 - Arrangement court-circuiteur à basse tension pour cellules d'électrolyse ou dispositifs analogues - Google Patents

Arrangement court-circuiteur à basse tension pour cellules d'électrolyse ou dispositifs analogues Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0011820A1
EP0011820A1 EP79104638A EP79104638A EP0011820A1 EP 0011820 A1 EP0011820 A1 EP 0011820A1 EP 79104638 A EP79104638 A EP 79104638A EP 79104638 A EP79104638 A EP 79104638A EP 0011820 A1 EP0011820 A1 EP 0011820A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
low
arrangement according
circuiting
eccentric
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP79104638A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Johannes Neuser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hundt and Weber GmbH
Hundt and Weber Schaltgeraete GmbH
Original Assignee
Hundt and Weber GmbH
Hundt and Weber Schaltgeraete GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hundt and Weber GmbH, Hundt and Weber Schaltgeraete GmbH filed Critical Hundt and Weber GmbH
Publication of EP0011820A1 publication Critical patent/EP0011820A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/002—Very heavy-current switches
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
    • C25B9/66—Electric inter-cell connections including jumper switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/14—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/58—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals
    • H01H1/5822—Flexible connections between movable contact and terminal
    • H01H2001/5827—Laminated connections, i.e. the flexible conductor is composed of a plurality of thin flexible conducting layers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a low-voltage short-circuiting arrangement for electrolytic cells or the like, with a fixed contact surface and a movable contact surface which can be moved by means of an actuating device to the fixed contact surface and brought into pressure contact therewith, the actuating device via a possibly still further driving shift shaft is driven.
  • Such a low-voltage short-circuit arrangement is already known from DE-OS 27 02 063.
  • diaphragm cells Compared to previously used short-circuiting arrangements for electrochemical cells - for example mercury chlorine cells, diaphragm cells - this known short-circuiting device already has considerable advantages.
  • These short-circuit switches are required in the operation of plants for chemical electrolysis in large numbers in order to.
  • B. short circuits certain groups of electrolytic cells for maintenance purposes and thereby can de-energize.
  • the switches are arranged between massive connecting loops connecting the cells, the conductor rails having currents of the order of a few thousand amperes lead at a relatively low DC voltage.
  • Particularly common is the electrolytic production of chlorine, so that the S chalt- or contact elements are subject to severe corrosion loads.
  • This corrosion load is particularly high because the switches have to be brought as close as possible to the electrolytic baths in order to minimize the resistance losses associated with long lines. Another important requirement for such switches is that the numerous parallel-connected contacts are actuated as synchronously as possible so that the load on individual contacts does not become excessively brief for a short time due to uneven actuation and thus leads to their destruction.
  • the switch known from DE-OS 27 02 063 is much cheaper, but still has the disadvantages that in larger systems with their inevitable mechanical tolerances, the synchronism of the individual short-circuit switches is not yet sufficient for a long service life.
  • the object of the invention is to improve a switch of the type mentioned in such a way that an exact synchronism between the individual short-circuit switches can be achieved even and in particular in larger systems and the inevitable mechanical tolerances that occur.
  • the object is achieved in that the actuating device on the ready-to-use course closer has adjustable actuating devices for the contact stroke and / or the contact contact pressure or for the dependence of the distance between the two contact surfaces on the angle of rotation of the control shaft.
  • the movable contact surface is held by a contact surface carrier which is constructed from a movable lower conductive plate which carries the contact surface and a movable upper plate which has an outwardly extending bolt and between which a flexible conductor rail is held
  • a contact surface carrier which consists of an upper, conductive and the contact surface supporting solid plate and a lower fixed plate forming part of a frame supporting the eccentric switching shaft, which can hold a rigid conductor rail
  • the bolt can be used At its free end, carry an adjusting nut or screw on or in a sewing screw, which is rotatably but axially immovably fastened to an eccentric bearing encompassing the eccentric of the shaft.
  • the stability of the drive and thus the switching accuracy and synchronicity can be further increased if, according to yet another embodiment of the invention, the bolt is mounted in a sliding bearing held by the frame.
  • the bolt is designed in several parts according to the invention and in particular has a section connected to the upper, movable plate, which is connected via a pin guided transversely through the pin to a connecting piece encompassing the end of the pin section, which is guided by the sliding bearing and at the end has a thread into which the adjusting nut or screw can be inserted, the connecting piece being used for the limitedly displaceable reception of the pin surface protruding ends of the pin has axially aligned elongated holes and the connecting piece is pressed away from the plate by a pressure spring, in particular a plate spring, arranged on the bolt section between the plate and the connecting piece, the pin guided in the elongated hole making stops for the axial Movement of the connector with respect to the bolt portion forms.
  • a pressure spring in particular a plate spring
  • the motion is transmitted from the eccentric to the multi-part bolt by means of steel pins arranged in eccentric side pieces lying laterally to the eccentric Stainless steel for the bolts sliding on it, the arrangement becomes self-lubricating without easily decomposing lubricants and therefore does not require any maintenance
  • the contact planes - as in the prior art - can be encapsulated, but a vacuum is not necessarily used, but instead a protective gas is introduced into the encapsulation space that the external pressure still acting on the switching device in the prior art no longer influences the switching process here, which can be advantageous in certain applications.
  • a protective gas is introduced into the encapsulation space that the external pressure still acting on the switching device in the prior art no longer influences the switching process here, which can be advantageous in certain applications.
  • the sensitive parts of the actuator can be encapsulated, for. B. by plastic bellows.
  • the storage of the selector shaft in the switch frame can also be made self-lubricating by selecting the appropriate material. so that a special lubrication with z. B. Grease that is easily decomposed by the surrounding atmosphere. becomes.
  • two switching positions can be defined, which, because this position extends slightly beyond the dead center of the stroke, secure itself in the respective position.
  • a middle position is also provided according to yet another embodiment of the invention, in which the contacts should just touch, so that in this middle position the adjusting screw or adjusting nut can be adjusted so that the contacts just touch, which can easily be determined with a test lamp. After adjustment, which is only necessary once after setting up the entire system and, if necessary, when replacing a contact unit, the adjusting screw can be locked against unintentional rotation using a locking plate.
  • each pair of contacts z. B. can transmit 5000 A, a four-K ontaktcrue having Direction frame so 20000 A.
  • At higher required currents may be readily plurality of switch frames, each having one or more pairs of contacts are assembled, the switching shafts of the individual frames are connected to one another via couplings. In contrast to the prior art, this is also possible for larger systems without any problems, since svitl. resulting tolerances can be compensated for by the setting device according to the invention without difficulty after completion of the construction.
  • Fig. 1 shows in a sectional view, which is guided along the axis of the selector shaft, a single-pole switching element with features according to the invention.
  • the single-pole switching element with the general reference number 10 comprises a fixed contact surface 12 and a movable contact surface 14, which can be moved by means of an actuating device 16 to the fixed contact surface 12 and brought into pressure contact therewith wobai the figure shows the switch in this closed position.
  • the fixed contact surface 12 is held by a fast contact surface carrier 18, which consists of conductive material and is connected to a rigid conductor rail 20, e.g. B. is varachraubt by means of inner breast bolt 22.
  • the rigid conductor rail 20 is in turn fastened to a transverse strut 24 which is corrugated to the switch frame 26.
  • an insulated fastening of the conductor rail 20 is favorable, for. B. in that an insulating layer or insulating plate 28 is provided between the conductor rail 20 and the cross strut 24 and also the fastening means, for. B. a bolt 30, made of insulating material or have an insulating pad or sleeve 32.
  • the two contact surfaces 12, 14 are clipped into a stainless steel bellows 44 which is hard-soldered to the movable contact surface carrier 36, while it is fixed to the fixed contact surface carrier 18 by means of a stainless steel flange 45 and one below lying Teflon ring is fastened, with bolts 52 held for fastening in polyamide insulating bushes 52 being provided.
  • the space enclosed by the stainless steel bellows 44 is filled with a nitrogen / inert gas mixture which has a precisely reproducible arc extinguishing effect and also prevents the external pressure from influencing the switching behavior, as is the case in the prior art in which the encapsulated contact space has a vacuum .
  • a switching shaft 54 is used to drive the movable contact, the side supports 56 also belonging to switch frames 26 is stored, as Fig. 1 clearly shows.
  • the two side supports 56 are screwed to the lower cross brace 24 already mentioned and to a further central cross brace 58, for example by means of screw bolts 60. This arrangement results in an easily mountable but nevertheless sufficiently rigid switch frame 26.
  • the selector shaft 54 has an eccentric 62, preferably made of hard bronze, which is fixed on the selector shaft 54 by means of pins 64. On the eccentric 62 to slide two bolts 66, 68 made of stainless steel, wherein the two bolts 66, 68 in two E xzenterchemistry consultancyen 70 such E. B are held by means of retaining rings 72, that the pin of the switching shaft axis are opposed to exactly 66 and 68 relative to 74, ig as well as from F. 2 emerges.
  • the eccentric 62 has a cam track shaped in such a way that when the eccentric rotates, the bolts 66, 68 always remain in contact with the cam track, but at the same time the full switching stroke is delivered within a rotation angle of preferably 90 degrees. As a result, the control shaft can be easily connected by a radially articulated, from z. B. an air cylinder ap-driven lever joint can be operated.
  • the two eccentric side pieces are bent at the bottom in a hook shape or alternatively represent an integrally formed U-part, the connecting web 76 or the hook-shaped ends forming a closed bore or two chalk ring sections on which the radial shoulders of two x-plastic disks 78, 80 are supported.
  • These plastic disks represent an operative connection between the eccentric 62 and a head extension 82 of an actuating device 16, the other end of which is connected to the upper movable plate 38.
  • this actuating device 16 is constructed in such a way that it enables the switching element to be adjusted with respect to the switching shaft 54.
  • the head extension 82 merges into a hexagon part 84, which can either be a hexagon screw or, as here, the hexagon head of a screw bolt 86.
  • the bolt 86 stands over an external thread with an inside thread of a connecting piece 88 in connection, which is substantially tubular and slides in a plastic bearing 90 that is held by the above-mentioned central cross-connection 58, for example by means of a locking ring 92 and a radial shoulder 94.
  • a bolt 96 slidably mounted, which is attached with its lower end to the upper movable plate 38, for example screwed or inserted and then welded.
  • the connecting piece In the area in which the bolt 96 is located, the connecting piece has two axially aligned elongated holes 98, into which the free ends of a pin 100 engage, which is held within the bolt 96.
  • This arrangement allows the pin 96 to have limited axial movement within the connector 88.
  • a compression spring 102 designed here as a plate spring device, this creates the possibility of building up the contact pressure, as will be explained below.
  • the bidside plastic disks 78, 80 are held in position on the one hand by hexagonal part 84, on the other hand by a washer 104, which in turn is held in position by a securing ring inserted in a hat fitted at the end of the head extension 82.
  • a pin 108 is used in the selector shaft, which pin rests against two stop pins 110, 112 in the two end positions of the selector shaft, these pin-shaped stops being carried by one of the side slots 56.
  • the parts of the drive device 16 which are mutually opposite against pollution and chemical aggression by the electrical l gases to protect ys e, Kunststoffbälge 114 and 116 are provided, the Kunststoffbalg 114 on the one hand, on the other hand rests on the shoulder 94 of the plastic mounting 90 on the Tellerfederpakwt 102 and the space between the upper movable plate 38 and the cross strut 58 hermetically seals, while the plastic bellows 116 extends from a plate 118 resting on the adjusting screw 86 to the other side of the cross strut 58 and hermetically seals the actuating device from the other side and protects it against dirt and corrosion.
  • the function of the switching element shown in Fig. 1 will now be explained.
  • the selector shaft 54 is driven via a pin, not shown, which is pinned by means of pins 119 to the selector shaft 54.
  • the rotary movement of the selector shaft which is limited to 100 degrees, for example, by the stops 110, 112, is converted into a stroke movement by the eccentric 62 pinned on the selector shaft, for example into a total stroke of 6 mm.
  • Part of this pallet truck e.g. B. 3 mm, is used to open or close the contacts.
  • the rest of the stroke, z. B. the other 3 mm builds up the required contact pressure via the plate spring assembly 102.
  • the eccentric moves slightly past the dead center (e.g. by 5 degrees), so that the respective end position is secured without special precautions.
  • the switch shown in Fig. 1 is in the closed position. 3, the eccentric 62 lifts the pins 66, 68 sliding on it, the eccentric side pieces 70 being raised at the same time. It should also be mentioned that the eccentric side pieces 70 for the selector shaft 54 have a corresponding elongated opening 120.
  • the eccentric side pieces 70 in turn move the plastic bolt 78, 80 the screw bolt 86, which is in the bearing 90 stored cover 88 pulls up.
  • This upward movement of the connector 88 relieves the plate spring assembly 102, which is pressed by the lower end of the connector 88 against the upper movable plate 38 of the movable contact, while at the same time the two ends of the pin 100 move downward in the two elongated holes 98 as soon as the pin ends have reached the lower end of the slots, the plate spring packet 102 can not relieves: because now the connecting piece 88 Olze the B via the pin 100: entrains and thus the moving of the parts 38, 40 and 36 existing contact moves upward and thereby leads to a lifting of the movable contact surface 14 from the fixed contact surface 12.
  • the existing circuit between the rigid conductor rail 20 and the flexible conductor rail 40 is interrupted and an arc, which forms when current flows, is extinguished by the protective gas purging the contact surfaces 12, 14.
  • the control shaft 54 has moved so far that the pin 1 bears against the stop 110 (see FIG. 2), the dead center being passed again by a small angle 122 here, the two contact surfaces 12, 14 have a distance of z. B. 3 mm, which distance is completely sufficient at the low voltage applied here.
  • the single-pole switching element shown in FIG. 1 can be connected together with corresponding further switching elements to form a system, for example one switching element being provided for each electrolytic cell.
  • the switching shafts 54 of the individual switching elements aligned with one another can then be pinned to one another in a simple manner via coupling pieces, not shown, so that a play-free, synchronous actuation of all switching shafts 54 is possible from one or both ends, either by means of a belt drive or, where this is expedient, by means of a compressed air drive or a motor drive.
  • the actuating device can be set according to the invention.
  • the setting can be made in such a way that the control shaft in a certain position, x. B. at 50 degrees switching angle, for which purpose, for example in the side support wall 56, a threaded hole - can not be provided, in which a central stop pin can be screwed for the purpose of locking for the duration of the adjustment work, to which z. B, the pin 108 comes to rest.
  • the hexagonal part 84 of the individual switching element is pushed with a spanner until the contact surfaces 12, 14 just touch, which can be determined, for example, by applying a test lamp between the fixed contact and the moving contact.
  • a locking plate 124 attached to one of the eccentric side pieces 70 is bent onto the hexagon part 84 and adjusted in such a way that it does not move inadvertently.
  • FIG. 3 shows a four-pole switching element in which four contact pairs are accommodated in a common switch frame 26.
  • This construction is somewhat more compact and less expensive than the arrangement of four single-pole switching elements next to one another and is particularly advantageous when a large number of cell poles have to be switched simultaneously. It can also accommodate more contact pairs in a switch frame 26, but then u. Additional struts may be necessary so that the switch frame does not warp during switching operation and thus possibly lead to inaccurate switching points for the individual poles.
  • the switching element according to the invention as well as switchgear assemblies constructed from switching elements of this type, are distinguished by small dimensions, low installation and maintenance costs and extraordinarily high operational reliability and, moreover, require only low driving forces.
  • the continuous current output is at least 5000 A at an operating voltage of 12 V.
  • the voltage drop per Switching element is about 15 mV.
  • An embodiment constructed according to FIG. 1 achieves an electrical lifespan of more than 5000 switching operations and a mechanical lifespan of more than 50,000 switching operations.
  • the actuation force per module is less than 1.5 Nm, while the weight is only about 3 kg.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
EP79104638A 1978-12-05 1979-11-22 Arrangement court-circuiteur à basse tension pour cellules d'électrolyse ou dispositifs analogues Withdrawn EP0011820A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2852471 1978-12-05
DE19782852471 DE2852471A1 (de) 1978-12-05 1978-12-05 Niederspannungs-kurzschliesser-anordnung fuer elektrolysezellen o.dgl.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0011820A1 true EP0011820A1 (fr) 1980-06-11

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79104638A Withdrawn EP0011820A1 (fr) 1978-12-05 1979-11-22 Arrangement court-circuiteur à basse tension pour cellules d'électrolyse ou dispositifs analogues

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EP (1) EP0011820A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE2852471A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0029205B1 (fr) * 1979-11-15 1984-02-22 Hundt & Weber Schaltgeräte GmbH Interrupteur à courant fort
JPH0622087B2 (ja) * 1987-05-25 1994-03-23 松下電工株式会社 封止接点装置
DE19623733B4 (de) * 1996-06-14 2007-07-05 Ritter Starkstromtechnik Gmbh & Co Hochstromschalter

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1242749B (de) * 1960-10-12 1967-06-22 Licentia Gmbh Lastumschalter fuer Stufentransformatoren mit durch Scheibentrieb geradlinig bewegten Kontakttraegern
DE1640731A1 (de) * 1967-10-17 1970-07-16 Takaheshi Denki Seisakusho Kk Kurzschlussschalter
DE1917692A1 (de) * 1969-04-05 1970-10-15 Siemens Ag Lastumschalter fuer Stufentransformatoren od.dgl. mit vier Vakuumschaltern
DE2702063A1 (de) * 1976-01-19 1977-07-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp Betaetigungsmechanismus fuer einen niederspannungsvakuumschalter
US4075448A (en) * 1975-09-29 1978-02-21 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corporation Cell bypass switches for electrochemical cell systems

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1242749B (de) * 1960-10-12 1967-06-22 Licentia Gmbh Lastumschalter fuer Stufentransformatoren mit durch Scheibentrieb geradlinig bewegten Kontakttraegern
DE1640731A1 (de) * 1967-10-17 1970-07-16 Takaheshi Denki Seisakusho Kk Kurzschlussschalter
DE1917692A1 (de) * 1969-04-05 1970-10-15 Siemens Ag Lastumschalter fuer Stufentransformatoren od.dgl. mit vier Vakuumschaltern
US4075448A (en) * 1975-09-29 1978-02-21 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corporation Cell bypass switches for electrochemical cell systems
DE2702063A1 (de) * 1976-01-19 1977-07-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp Betaetigungsmechanismus fuer einen niederspannungsvakuumschalter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2852471A1 (de) 1980-06-12

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Inventor name: NEUSER, JOHANNES