EP0010499A1 - Improvements in heat exchangers - Google Patents

Abstract

A heat exchanger comprises a bundle of tubular chambers (1) of non- circular elongate cross-section, the major axis of which extends over a large part of one of the dimensions of the exchanger (height or width), end plates (2) in which there are provided orifices (3) of corresponding shape, with which the chambers are associated by appropriate means, and means for strengthening the mechanical stability of said chambers, such an assembly being included in a casing (23) of any appropriate form. Application to the construction of heat exchangers. <IMAGE>

Description

heat exchanger.

As is known, there are two main categories of heat exchangers: tubular exchangers and plate exchangers.

The tubular exchangers comprise a plurality of tubes of circular section which are arranged substantially parallel to each other and which are assembled in end plates, or end plates, called "tubular plates", this assembly being produced by welding, soldering, gluing or expansion. In such exchangers, the circulation of fluids between which the heat exchange must take place takes place inside the tubes and on the other hand outside and around them, in the intervals which separate two neighboring tubes. The heat exchange coefficients between the fluids circulating in its exchangers are improved by lying to them about turbulence, by making several passes in the tubes and / or outside the tubes. However, if in general the tubular exchangers provide a very satisfactory operating reliability, although they can be the seat of vibration phenomena of the tubes, their size is relatively large and, moreover, the circulation in this type of The exchangers are not homogeneous outside the tubes, and the exchange coefficients are relatively low. Furthermore, in tubular exchangers, it is difficult to make several passes in the circuit outside the tubes.

des échangeure tubulaires. De plus, les échangeurs à plaques soudées ou brasées présentent des difficultés à la réparation, notamment en raison de leur mauvaise accessibilité.Plate exchangers consist of plates joined together by welding or brazing their ends or using seals, thus permitting the constitution of two different and independent circuits for the fluids between which the heat exchange must occur . Such plate exchangers have the advantage of providing a high exchanging power to us a significantly smaller volume than len tubular exchangers, and their cost price is generally lower than that of tubular exchangers, especially when they are made of noble metals, such as stainless steel, etc ... for example. However, the resistance of the plate heat exchangers to two stresses to pressure differences between the fluids circulating in the two circuits is lower than that of the heat exchangers.

tubular exchangers. In addition, exchangers with welded or brazed plates present difficulties in repair, in particular because of their poor accessibility.

In addition, the assembly of the plate exchangers is carried out using buttering welds, that is to say using welds by metal deposition, or by deformation of the plates, thus creating zones weaknesses which reduce the reliability of this type of exchanger, and can create problems resulting from corrosion and / or stresses of thermal origin

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a heat exchanger which better meets the needs of practice than previously known heat exchangers, in particular in that it combines the safety and reliability of tubular exchangers with the compactness of the heat exchangers. plate geurs and in that it provides heat exchangers which totally eliminate the drawbacks listed above, heat exchangers known in the prior art.

The present invention relates to a heat exchanger characterized in that it comprises, in combination bundle of tubular chambers arranged substantially parallel, which have a non-circular, elongated section, the major axis of which extends over a large part of one of the dimensions (height or width) of the exchanger of the end plates of any suitable shape and thickness having orifices of non-circular shape corresponding to the section of said chambers, to which the latter are associated ciées by appropriate means, such as welding, stirring lage, - and means for strengthening the mechanical strength called chambers, the assembly consisting of tubula chambers of non-circular section, the end plates and the reinforcing mo the above being included in a form casing. any appropriate.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the heat exchange according to the present invention, the association with tubular chambers of non-circular section with the end plates, is carried out by positioning the ends. said chambers in or on the corresponding orifices menac in said plates, then fixing by welding, branage or Tagus

According to another advantageous embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the present invention, the means for reinforcing the mechanical strength of the aforementioned chambers are constituted by intermediate plates, arranged inside and / or outside of said bedrooms.

According to a preferred arrangement of the invention, back openings are provided in said intermediate plates.

The use of intermediate plates to improve the mechanical strength of the tubular chambers of non-circular section also has the effect of promoting the turbulence of the fluids which circulate inside and / or outside of said chambers, and the arrangement of 'openings in said intermediate plates has the role of promoting the mixing of circulating fluids, thereby increasing the exchange coefficients and reducing the pressure losses.

In accordance with the invention, the means for reinforcing the mechanical strength of said chambers are constituted by bracing pieces arranged inside said chambers and / or between two neighboring chambers, and associated with the internal and / or external walls of these, in particular by welding, brazing or gluing.

According to another advantageous embodiment of the means for strengthening the mechanical strength of said chambers, these are obtained by stamping or the like from one of the walls of said chambers, this method of strengthening by stamping being able to relate to all or part only of said chambers.

According to an advantageous arrangement of this embodiment, the points or the contact lines between two walls of said chambers, resulting from stamping, are assembled by welding, brazing or gluing.

In accordance with the present invention, the tubular chambers of non-circular section which constitute one of the exchange circuits of the heat exchanger according to the invention, can be of different heights; moreover, they may have different shapes and cross-sections and be arranged at different spacings from one another.

rendement de l'échangeur de chaleur conforme à la présence inventionThese possibilities allow a better occupation

efficiency of the heat exchanger in accordance with the invention

The housings in which are included, in accordance with the invention, the tubular chambers of non-circular section, the end plates orifices of corresponding non-circular sections and the abovementioned reinforcement means, can be of any shape, cylindrical, parallelepipedic , polyhedral, etc ..., the cylindrical shape being generally preferred when the circuit external to the chambers is the seat of a significant pressure, while the shape: parallelepipedic provides significant advantages represented in particular by the fact that the number of passes d 'An exchanger according to the invention is not limited to 2 as is generally the case for the circuit external to the tubes in the case of a cylindrical casing, the number of passes can be arbitrary and can even be equal the number of tubular exchanger chambers; furthermore, the passes can be of identical geometries with one another.

in accordance with the invention, it may be advantageous to provide means for strengthening the card, which may preferably consist, but not of tie rods, welded or bolted for example.

Also in accordance with the present invention, a false chamber is inserted in the circuit outside the chambers, in the heat exchanger.

On.appelle "false chamber", in the context of the present invention, a volume which extends substantially parallel to the tubular chambers, and which can be constituted by a solid or hollow body made of metal or plastic.

The provision of a false chamber provides a means of strengthening the housing; it also allows a plurality of passes to be made in the circuit outside the chambers without using the latter, that is to say without subjecting them to mechanical stresses, or blocking circulation around the chambers.

According to the invention, the false chamber can be used, in cooperation with at least one separation provided in the fluid distribution boxes on the circuit outside the chambers, to establish a plurality of circuits outside the chambers.

Also in accordance with the invention, the tubular chambers of non-circular section can have a non-uniform section over their length, for example decreasing from the inlet to the outlet of the exchanger, in particular substantially frustoconical.

The heat exchanger according to the present invention, can be made of all suitable materials, in particular metal or plastic. 001 10499

In addition to the foregoing provisions, the invention also comprises other provisions, which will follow from the description which follows.

The invention relates more particularly to exchangers; in accordance with the foregoing provisions, as well as the resources necessary for their production and implementation, and the assemblies and installations in which they are included.

• - la figure 1 est. une vue en perspective d'un node de réalisation de chambres tubulaires de section non-circulaire et d'une plaque d'extrémité coordonnée à de telles chambres, conformes à l'invention
• - les figures 2 et 3 représentent de façon achématique, des vues en coupe pratiquées à travers des échangeurs de chaleur conformes à l'invention, présentant des chambres de hauteurs, de formes et de sections différentes, disposées à des intervalles et suivant des agencements différents ;
• - la figure 4 est une vue partielle en perspective d'une plaque intercalaire conforme à l'invention, dont les figures 4a, 4b et 4c présentent des modes de réalisation particuliers :
• - les figures 5 à 8 représentent schématiquement, divers modes de réalisation de moyens de renforcement de la tenue mécanique des chambres tubulaires de section non-circulaire conformes à l'invention, respectivement en coupe et en plan
• - les figures 9 à 11 représentent, de façon schématique, trois exemples non limitatifs de réalisation de plaques d'extrémité conformes à l'invention
• - la figure 12. est une vue schématique en coupe d'un mode de réalisation d'un échangeur de chaleur conforme à l'invention. équipé de moyens de renforcement du carter
• - les figures 13 et 15 sont des vues en perspective partielles montrant l'utilisation simultanée de la fausse chambre comme moyen de séparation de passes sur l'un des circuits de l'échangeur, et comme moyen de renforcement du carter de ce dernier, tandis que la figure 14 est une vue analogue montrant l'utilisation de la fausse chambre uniquement comme moyen de séparation de passas sur le circuit extérieur aux chambres 0010499
• - la figure 16 est une vue en perspective schématique- éclatée d'un mode de réalisation d'un échangeur de chaleur conforme. à l'invention, équipé d'une fausse chambre, dont la figure 17 ; représente une variante de réalisation, et
• - la figure 18 est une vue en perspective d'un échangeur de chaleur conforme à l'invention, dont le carter a été enlevé, à chambres tubulaires de section non-circulaire décroissante.

The invention will be better understood using the additional description which follows, which refers to the accompanying drawings in which:

• - Figure 1 is. a perspective view of a node for making tubular chambers of non-circular section and of an end plate coordinated with such chambers, in accordance with the invention
• - Figures 2 and 3 show in a schematic fashion, sectional views taken through heat exchangers according to the invention, having chambers of different heights, shapes and sections, arranged at intervals and according to different arrangements ;
• FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of an intermediate plate according to the invention, of which FIGS. 4a, 4b and 4c show particular embodiments:
• - Figures 5 to 8 show schematically, various embodiments of means for strengthening the mechanical strength of the tubular chambers of non-circular section according to the invention, respectively in section and in plan
• - Figures 9 to 11 show, schematically, three non-limiting examples of embodiment of end plates according to the invention
• - Figure 12. is a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention. equipped with means for strengthening the casing
• - Figures 13 and 15 are partial perspective views showing the simultaneous use of the false chamber as a means of separation of passes on one of the circuits of the exchanger, and as a means of strengthening the casing of the latter, while that figure 14 is a similar view showing the utility sation of the false room only as a means of separating passas on the circuit outside the rooms 0010499
• - Figure 16 is a schematic exploded perspective view of an embodiment of a conformal heat exchanger. to the invention, equipped with a false chamber, of which Figure 17; represents an alternative embodiment, and
• - Figure 18 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger according to the invention, the casing of which has been removed, with tubular chambers of decreasing non-circular section.

It should be understood, however, that these drawings and the corresponding descriptive parts, are given solely by way of illustration of the subject of the invention, of which they do not in any way constitute a limitation.

According to the invention, the tubular exchanger shown in a schematic perspective view, exploded, in Figure 1 and whose casing has been removed in order to simplify the representation, consists of a bundle of substantially tubular chambers 1 parallel, of non-circular section, elongated, oblong in the embodiment shown, extending along their major axis over a large part of the height of the exchanger, positioned and fixed, preferably by welding, soldering or gluing, in or on the orifices 3, of corresponding shape, formed for this purpose in the end plate 2, thus avoiding the buttering welds and the deformation of the chambers. Such an assembly has the very great advantage of being 100% visitable on the casing side, which is not the case with conventional tubular exchangers which have a large number of tubes of circular section, most of which are masked by the external tubes. and therefore cannot be visited. The heat exchanger produced in accordance with the present invention therefore presents, compared to tubular exchangers known in the prior art, greater exchange power for a given volume, but also very high safety. employment and high reliability of assembly, compared to plate heat exchangers, and its maintenance, inspection, cleaning and repair are made easier because of its easy access to all the elements that constitute it.

The tubes of oblong section which form a bundle of chambers with substantially parallel axes in the heat exchanger

The end plates 2 can be of any desired thickness, in contrast to the thickness of the wall produced by stuffing or deformation of the plates of the plate exchangers known in the prior art, which can hardly be greater than that of the plates constitutive. In accordance with the invention, it is thus possible to use thick end plates than was the case in the prior art, which makes it possible to work at pressures considerably higher than in the past.

térieur par le fait que cette plaque 4 comporta outro/des obos- sagas 5 et des creux 6, comme dans l'Art antérieur, également des ouvertures de toutes formes appropriées, uniformes ou non, 7,8, traversées par le fluide qui circule dans les chambres 1, lorsque les plaques 4 sont montées dans les chambres, ou par le fluide qui circule dans le circuit extérieur aux chambres, lorsque les plaques 4 sont intercalées dans l'intervalle qui sépare doux chambres voisines. La disposition de telles ouvertures 7,8,otc... dans les plaques intercalaires 4, augmente encore la turbulence des fluides circulants, améliorent ainsi encore len coefficients d'échange de l'appareil et réduisant les pertes de charge, et favorise en outre le brassage du fluide dans le circuit considéré, ce qui peut être particulièrement avantageux dans le cas où l'échangeur est le siège de réactions chimiques. L'on comprendra aisément que les plaques intercalaires conformes à l'invention peuvent présenter n'importe quel profil approprié au but recherché ou être constituées, à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, par une toile métallique 9 (figure 4a), une plaque à ailettes, une plaque 10 portant des barrettes 11 (figure 4b), une plaque 12 portant des pions 13 (figure 4c), etc...It is known from the prior art to provide tubular chambers with interior and exterior intermediate plates, removable or not, which allow the tubes to withstand both low and high pressures, at the same time as they create turbulence in the circulation of the fluid The holding chambers of non-circular section in accordance with the present invention can advantageously also be provided with such reinforcement and turbulence means. However in accordance with the present invention, the non-circular section tubular chambers in accordance with the invention are preferably provided with reinforcement and turbulence means constituted by intermediate plates, removable or not, of the type of that

tieur by the fact that this plate 4 included outro / obos- sagas 5 and hollows 6, as in the prior art, also openings of all appropriate forms, uniform or not, 7,8, crossed by the circulating fluid in the chambers 1, when the plates 4 are mounted in the chambers, or by the fluid which circulates in the circuit external to the chambers, when the plates 4 are interposed in the interval which separates two neighboring chambers. The arrangement of such openings 7, 8, otc ... in the intermediate plates 4, further increases the turbulence of the circulating fluids, thus further improving the exchange coefficients of the device and reducing the pressure losses, and also promotes the mixing of the fluid in the circuit considered, which can be particularly advantageous in the case where the exchanger is the seat of chemical reactions. It will be easily understood that the intermediate plates in accordance with the invention can have any profile suitable for the desired purpose or be constituted, by way of nonlimiting examples, by a metallic fabric 9 (FIG. 4a), a plate with fins, a plate 10 carrying bars 11 (Figure 4b), a plate 12 carrying pins 13 (Figure 4c), etc.

The intermediate plates provided with openings in accordance with the present invention can be arranged both in the circuit formed by the tubular chambers and in the circuit external to these chambers, that is to say in the intervals which separate two neighboring chambers. .

The mechanical strength of the tubular chambers of non-circular section in accordance with the invention can also be ensured by the provision of bracing pieces 14 and 15 (cf. FIG. 5) both inside the chambers 1, as in the interior. outside of them. These bracing pieces, which can be joined to the wall of the chamber by welding, brazing or gluing, for example, can have any desired shape (cylindrical, parallelepiped, polyhedral, etc.), be arranged in alignment or staggered, etc,

brasage ou collage, par exemple, notamment dans le cas où la pression du fluide circulant dans les chambres 1 eat supérieure à celle du fluide circulant à l'extérieur de ces dernières.The mechanical strength of the tubular chambers of non-circular section in accordance with the invention can also be achieved by stamping the wall 1G of the chamber 1 (FIGS. 6 to 8), the lines 18 or the points 19 of contact with the wall 17 of the chamber 1 which can advantageously be assembled, by

brazing or bonding, for example, in particular in the case where the pressure of the fluid circulating in the chambers 1 is higher than that of the fluid circulating outside the latter.

The various means of strengthening the mechanical strength of the walls of the chambers 1, described in the foregoing, can be used singly or in combination with one another, depending on the requirements for using heat exchangers according to the present invention.

The assembly formed by the tubular chambers 1 of non-circular section and the corresponding end plates, as well as by the reinforcement means, is inserted into a casing of any suitable desired shape, cylindrical, parallelepipedic, polyhedral or other , the shape of the end plate 20 (Figure 9), 21 (Figure 10), 22 (Figure 11), for example, being determined by the shape of the housing. The choice of the shape of the casing is determined according in particular to the pressures, the flow rates, the temperatures and the fluids used; it has however been found that the choice of a cylindrical casing is advantageous in the case where the circuit external to the chambers is the seat of high pressure, although such a choice is not imperative.

est réalisée d'une manière connue, à l'aide d'une plaque de séparation. 49 (cf. figure 16). Lorsque la fausse chambre est appelée à jouer simultanément le rôle de renfort du carter et de paroi de séparation de passes dans la circuit extérieur aux chambres, on a avantage à adopter les dispositions représentées à titre d'exemples non limitatifs respectivement aux figures

et 15 , dans la figure 15, une tôle 38 est noudée, brasés ou collée sur la fausse chambre 39, tandis que dans la figure 13, la fausse chambre 48, qui peut être solidaire des plaques d'extrémité est solidarisée au couvercle 30 par boulonnage, par exemple, avec interposition d'un joint.It may be advantageous to reinforce the walls of the casing to enable it to resist satisfactorily to high pressures in the circuit outside the chambers. Such reinforcement is obtained, for example, by providing (cf. FIG. 12) the walls 24, 25 of the housing 23 with tie rods, which can be welded, like the tie rod 26, to the wall 24 of the housing, or bolted at 28, like the tie rod 27, at said wall 24. Such reinforcement can also be obtained by the provision of a false chamber 48 in the circuit 29 outside the chambers 1, (cf. FIG. 13), this false chamber 48 constituted by a panel solid or hollow metal or plastic, being secured to the removable cover 30 of the exchanger, using a screw 31 with nut 32. However, the false chamber 48 can play a role other than that of reinforcing the casing, namely a role of separation of passes in the circuit outside the chambers. In FIG. 14, where the false chamber 35 is independent of the cover 33 and the seal 34, it plays the role of separation wall for the production of a plurality of passes in the circuit 36 external to the chambers 1, while the obtaining a plurality of passes in the circuit which crosses

is carried out in a known manner, using a separation plate. 49 (see Figure 16). When the false chamber is called upon to simultaneously play the role of reinforcement of the casing and of pass separation wall in the circuit external to the chambers, it is advantageous to adopt the provisions shown by way of nonlimiting examples respectively in the figures.

and 15, in FIG. 15, a sheet 38 is knotted, brazed or glued to the false chamber 39, while in FIG. 13, the false chamber 48, which can be integral with the end plates, is secured to the cover 30 by bolting, for example, with the interposition of a joint.

In FIG. 16, the false chamber 40 - unique in the case of two passes and multiplied in the case of a plurality of passes - makes it possible to carry out a plurality of passes in the circuit external to the chambers, in combination with the partitions 37 mounted in the boxes 51 for distributing fluid to the circuit in question. In this figure, the circuit inside the tubular chambers is closed by the cover 50, while the circuit outside the chambers, is closed by the cover 62 in which are included the boxes 51 for distributing fluid to this circuit, the securing of the covers 50 and 42 with the actual exchanger being produced by bolting, for example, with interposition of the joints 53 and 43, but which can also be carried out by welding, gluing or brazing (with elimination of the joints).

FIG. 17 represents an alternative embodiment of the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 16, which alternative makes it possible to produce two or more circuits external to the chambers, independent of each other. In this variant, the independence of the two (or more) circuits B ₁ and B ₂ outside the chambers is obtained by the arrangement of separate distribution boxes, 56 and 57, using the thickness of the false chamber 40 to create a separation between these circuits. In this variant, the arrangement of the two seals 54 and 55 between the exchanger proper and the cover 42 makes it possible to avoid any risk of mixing between the two fluids of the circuits B ₁ and B ₂ ,

The arrangement according to the present invention can use with advantage for application boxes, a bundle of

It will be readily understood that the heat exchanger according to the invention may comprise a bundle of tubular chambers of non-circular section, having in a known manner a U shape, or be equipped, in a known manner in itself seals, a cable gland, a floating head or an expansion bellows, to eliminate the stresses of thermal origin, when the operating conditions of the exchanger require it.

The heat exchanger according to the present invention applies to powdery solid / liquid heat exchangea and / or liquid / liquid gas or vapor; gas / gas; liquid / gas gas + vapor / liquid; vapor / liquid, and is therefore applicable to all media, including with phase changes, no limitation being imposed on the pressures and temperatures used.

bilité comparable à celle des échangeurs tubulaires ; en ce qu'ils sont totalement visitables ; en ce que le circuit intérieur aux chambres et le circuit extérieur aux chambres peuvent être parfaitement symétriques en ce que l'assemblage des chambres conformes à l'invention avec les plaques d'extrémité est effectué sans beurrage ot sans déformation des chambres, ce que assure une qualité de réalisation et une fiabilité de fonctionnement particulièrement élevées ; en ce qu'ils assurent une augmentation significative des coefficients d'échange ; en ce qu'ils présentent une excellente résistance aux contraintes dans le temps, tout en permettant un travuil à den pressions et à des températures élevées.

ne se limite nullement à ceux de ses modes de réalisation et d'application qui viennent d'être décrits de façon plus explicite ; elle en embrasse au contraire, toutes les variantes qui' peuvent venir à l'esprit du technicien en la matière, sans s'écarter du cadre, ni de la portée, de la présente invention.It follows from the foregoing description that, whatever the embodiments and application adopted, heat exchangers are obtained which have, compared to the heat exchangers proposed in accordance with the prior art, significant advantages over number of which should be mentioned the combination of the advantages of tubular exchangers and those of plate exchangers, in that they have a compactness comparable to that of plate exchangers and a

bility comparable to that of tubular exchangers; in that they are fully visitable; in that the circuit inside the chambers and the circuit outside the chambers can be perfectly symmetrical in that the assembly of the chambers according to the invention with the end plates is carried out without buttering and without deformation of the chambers, which ensures a particularly high quality of production and operating reliability; in that they ensure a significant increase in the exchange coefficients; in that they have excellent resistance to stresses over time, while allowing work at high pressures and temperatures.

is in no way limited to those of its embodiments and of application which have just been described in a more explicit manner; on the contrary, it embraces all the variants which can come to the mind of the technician in the matter, without departing from the framework, or the scope, of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1 ° - Heat exchanger characterized in that it comprises, in combination: a casing of any suitable shape in which are included: - a bundle of tubular chambers arranged substantially parallel, which have an elongated non-circular section whose major axis extends practically over the whole of one of the dimensions (height or width) of the exchanger; - end plates of any suitable shape and thickness, comprising orifices of non-circular shape corresponding to the section of said chambers, with which the latter are associated by positioning their ends in or on said orifices, and fixing by welding by direct penetration; means for strengthening the mechanical strength of said chambers, associated with said tubular chambers and means for strengthening the casing, as well as possibly means for separating the heat exchanger into a plurality of passes for a given circuit, and / or in a plurality of independent circuits between them, outside the chambers. 2 ° - Heat exchanger according to Claim 1, characterized in that the means for reinforcing the mechanical strength of the above-mentioned chambers are constituted by intermediate plates, arranged inside and / or outside of said chambers, and in which are formed openings for the passage of circulating fluids. 3 ° - Heat exchanger _' according to Claim 2, characterized in that the intermediate plates can be made by metallic fabrics. 4 ° - heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the tabular chambers of non-circular section associated to form a bundle in the exchanger, are arranged at different spacings relative to each other. 5 ° - Heat exchanger according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the casing in which are included the tubular chambers of non-circular section, the end plates with orifices of corresponding non-circular sections and the aforementioned reinforcement means, has any shape, in particular cylindrical, parallelepiped, polyhedral, and in that the shape of the end plates is determined by the shape of the housing. 6 ° - Heat exchanger according to Claim 5, characterized in that the casing of said exchanger is of substantially parallelepiped shape, the shape of the end plates being determined by the parallelepiped shape of the housing and said parallelepiped shape favoring the separation - tion of the exchanger in a plurality of independent circuits, each of which can advantageously be separated into a plurality of passes. 7 ° - Heat exchanger according to Claim 1, characterized in that the means for strengthening the casing are constituted by tie rods integral with the latter. 8 ° - Heat exchanger according to Claim 1 and Claim 6, characterized in that the casing is provided with at least one false chamber for the creation, in the exchanger, of independent circuits between them, outside the chambers , and / or a plurality of passes in one or more of said circuits. 9 ° - Heat exchanger according to Claim 3, characterized in that the false chamber is used in cooperation with at least one separation provided in the fluid distribution boxes to the circuits outside the chambers, to establish a plurality of independent circuits in- be them, outside the rooms. 10 ° - Heat exchanger according to Claim 8 and; Claim 9, characterized in that the aforesaid false chamber is also used as a means of strengthening the casing.

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