EA031212B1 - Device for fastening oversize and heavy-weight cargoes to wheeled vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The group of inventions is related to devices for fastening oversize and heavy-weight cargoes to wheeled vehicles to carry the cargoes while they are sagging down between wheel parts of the vehicle. The common technical result is provision of a versatile, repeatedly used device for fastening various cargoes different in shape and overall dimensions and having different strengths and rigidities; the result is attained by provision of a device for fastening oversize and heavy-weight cargoes, characterized in that the device uses a set of elements that form complete longitudinal and transverse contours: the device (the first embodiment) comprises a spatial metal support structure made around the cargo or the cargo envelope and with the aid of the cargo, including end walls each of which consists of two outermost end posts having thrust places to mate the rests of the vehicle consoles, a connection beam located at the end wall base and forming a non-detachable joint with the end posts, the connection beam consisting of a middle part disposed between the end posts, and two connection links, each having a shape of a half-cylinder, joined to the middle part ends to form a detachable joint; two main end beams, each consisting of a pair of blocks with eye lugs for connection with eye lugs of the vehicle consoles, and connected to each other, at the top part, by a connection beam of the main end beam to form a detachable joint, design of said connection beam being similar to that of the end wall connection beam, at the middle part – by a sectional cross-piece, at the bottom part – by a sectional base; at least one longitudinal thrust beam located at the top part of the device and designed to receive, through the end posts of the end walls, horizontal forces from thrusts of the vehicle consoles, upper transverse ties being detachably connected to the longitudinal thrust beam; two sets of lower draw bars with end sections in the form of eye lugs disposed at the bottom part of the device and designed to connect the blocks of the main end beams to each other, and lower transverse ties having places for detachable connection to the lower draw bars that receive vertical forces from the longitudinal thrust beam through posts fixed between the upper transverse ties or their hangers and the lower transverse ties or their hangers; wherein each end wall and respective main end beam are connected and contact each other over flat surfaces of their connection beams, free ends of the connection links of the connection beam of each end wall, joined in pairs with free ends of adjacent connection links of the connection beam of the main end beam, are accommodated and fixed in cylindrical inner spaces of bushings of four support end pieces, each of the support end pieces being connected with the respective block of the respective main end beam and receiving the weight of the cargo supported by it; the device (the second embodiment) comprises a set of elements that form an unclosed transverse contour at middle parts of the metal structure (there are no upper transverse ties); the device (the third embodiment) comprises a set of elements that form an unclosed transverse contour at middle parts and an unclosed longitudinal contour (there are no longitudinal thrust beams, upper transverse ties, posts and diagonal braces); the device (the fourth embodiment) comprises a set of elements that form a closed transverse contour at middle part of the cargo and a closed longitudinal contour: the complete set of the cargo fastening device does not include any upper and lower transverse ties, longitudinal thrust beams, end walls, and only one set of lower ties is used disposed along the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the device, and support end pieces, while connection beams of the end walls are replaced by connection beams connected to the cargo body/envelope; the device (the fifth embodiment) comprises a set of elements that form an unclosed transverse contour of the system at middle parts and an unclosed longitudinal contour: the complete set of elements (the second embodiment) does not include longitudinal thrust beams, upper transverse ties, posts and diagonal braces, transverse beams of the end posts; the device (the sixth embodiment) comprises a set of elements that form an unclosed transverse contour of the system at middle parts and an unclosed longitudinal contour: there are no longitudinal beams, upper transverse ties, transverse beams of the end posts.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION TO THE EURASIAN PATENT (45) Date of publication and issuance of the patent

2018.12.28 (21) Application Number

201401013 (22) Date of application

2014.10.01 (51) Int. Cl. B60P7 / 06 (2006.01)

B60RZ / 00 (2006.01)

B61D 3/00 (2006.01) (54) THE DEVICE FOR FASTENING THE LARGE AND HARDWARE CARGO TO WHEELED VEHICLES (31) 2014122802 (32) 2014.06.05 (33) RU (43) 2015.12.30 (96) 2014000111 (RU) 2014.10. 01 (71) (73) Applicant and patent holder:

LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY INSTAR LOGISTICS (RU) (72) Inventor:

Evgenia G. Genkina, Evgeny Anatolyevich Gusev, Igor Korshunov (RU) (74) Representative:

Kovalchuk N.S. (EN) (56) CN-U-203237111

US-B2-8230792

DE-A1-102010000246

SU-A-1144919

031212 Bl

The group of inventions relates to devices for securing large-sized and heavy goods to vehicles (TS) on a wheeled course, carried by the method of sagging between the wheel parts of the vehicle. A single technical result consists in creating a universal device intended for multiple use for securing various weights, differing in shape and overall dimensions, as well as having different strength and rigidity, and is achieved by creating a device for securing large-sized and heavy cargo, characterized in that in the device a set of elements is used that form a complete longitudinal and transverse contours: the device (the first option) is a settable structure g cargo or shell cargo and with the help of cargo supporting spatial metal structure containing the end walls, each of which consists of two extreme end struts with hard seats for mating with the stops of the vehicle consoles located at the base of the end wall and forming with the end struts one-piece connection connecting beam consisting of the middle part, which is placed between the end posts, and two middle parts attached to the ends, with the formation of a detachable connection with detachable links in the shape of a half-cylinder each; two main end beams, each consisting of a pair of blocks with lugs designed to connect with the lugs of the vehicle consoles, and interconnected in the upper part forming a detachable connection with the connecting beam of the main end beam with them, the design of which is similar to that of the end wall connecting beam, in the middle part - sectional crosshead, in the lower part - sectional base; located in the upper part of the device along its longitudinal axis and intended for perception through the end posts of the end walls of the horizontal forces from the stops of the vehicle consoles, at least one stop longitudinal beam to which the upper transverse connections are connected with the possibility of a connector; located in the lower part of the device designed for interconnecting blocks of opposite main end beams, two sets of lower rods with end sections in the form of lugs and lower transverse connections with places for detachable connection with lower rods, perceiving vertical forces from the thrust beam through racks fixed between upper cross links or their suspensions and lower cross links or their suspensions; each end wall and the corresponding main end beam are connected and in contact with each other along the flat surfaces of their connecting beams, while the free ends of the connecting links of the connecting beam of each end wall, combining in pairs with the free ends of the connecting end links of the main beam, are located and fixed in the cylindrical cavities of the couplings of the four support limiters, each connected to the corresponding block of the corresponding main Ortsevo beams and sensing mass resting on their cargo; in the device (the second option) is used

031212 B1 is a set of elements that form the open transverse contour of the system in the middle parts of the metal structure (there are no upper transverse connections); The device (the third option) uses a set of elements that form the open transverse contour of the system in the middle parts and the open longitudinal contour (there are no stubborn longitudinal beams, upper transverse connections, struts and braces); The device (the fourth option) uses a set of elements that form a closed transverse contour in the middle parts of the cargo and a closed longitudinal contour: the upper and lower transverse connections, the stubborn longitudinal beams, and end walls are excluded from the complete set of the device for securing cargo, but only use one set of lower rods, located along the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the device, supporting ends, and instead of connecting beams of the end walls use connecting beams attached to the body / shell of the group behind; The device (the fifth option) uses a set of elements that form an open closed system contour in the middle parts and an open longitudinal contour: out of the full set of elements (the second embodiment of the invention) there are no stop-longitudinal beams, upper transverse connections, struts and cross-beams, transverse beams of the end posts ; The device (the sixth option) uses a set of elements that form the open transverse contour of the system in the middle parts and the open longitudinal contour: there are no longitudinal beams, upper transverse links, transverse beams of the end posts.

The group of inventions relates to the field of transport, namely to devices for securing large-sized and heavy cargo (hereinafter - device for securing cargo) to vehicles (TS) on a wheeled course, transported by sagging between running (wheel) half parts (trolleys) of a vehicle .

Known platform railway transporter (Transporter // Railway transport: Encyclopedia / Glav. Ed. NS Konarev. - M .: Big Russian Encyclopedia, 1994. - p. 456) for the transport of long and large loads, containing a frame of welded construction from four I-beams to which a metal floor is welded with holes for securing cargo.

The known device, made in the form of an all-metal frame cassette, leaning their ends on the running (wheeled) carts, forming a single vehicle. The load in such devices is placed inside the cassette frame, the load from the weight of the load is perceived by the frame-cassette. Such devices include railway and automobile conveyors of the well-type (Encyclopedia of Railway Transport. - M .: Great Russian Encyclopedia, 1995). The disadvantage of such devices is the use of an all-metal frame-cassette, due to the need to withstand the load from the weight of the load. This implies a strict relationship between the weight and length of the load and the dimensions of the frame-cassette: an increase in the weight of the load requires an increase in the strength of the frame-cassette and, consequently, an increase in its overall dimensions, as well as metal intensity. In addition, there are great difficulties in arranging the passage of such a conveyor along the route of transportation.

Known (Encyclopedia of railway transport. - M .: Great Russian Encyclopedia, 1995) articulated type conveyors containing a device for securing goods to wheeled vehicles in the form of a frame-platform for placing cargo and running trolleys equipped with consoles and in the upper parts - thrust elements. These devices for securing cargo have gained wider use due to the possibility of attaching the consoles of the undercarriage directly to the cargo, specially equipped for this purpose with eyelets and stops. However, this mount implies greater local strength and rigidity of the cargo itself. In addition, prior coordination and accounting of the loads acting on the load from the consoles to the manufacture of the load at the plant is required.

The closest technical solution adopted for the prototype for all claimed variants of the invention is a known device for securing goods to wheeled vehicles (article Transcontinental Journey, p. 4-6, magazine PROJECT MANAGER TODAY (UK), May 2000), designed in the form of a spatial metal frame for placing a cargo in it, the use of which is due to the need to transport by sagging thin-walled (not having its own rigidity and strength) cargo of a certain shape and size and is impossible The use of frame-platforms for these purposes due to the significant excess of the vertical dimension of the possible corridor of passage along the transportation route. The known device for securing cargo contains interconnected with the formation of a non-separable frame:

a) transmitting tensile and compressive transport effects on the longitudinal power belts two end walls, each consisting of vertical posts connected with each other in the upper part of the horizontal link with the stop points for coupling the consoles of the vehicle's wheels

b) two suspended beams connected to the corresponding end walls (main end beams), each consisting of two interconnected blocks with a set of eyelets for hanging on a conveyor belt (connections with eyelets of wheeled vehicles);

c) the upper longitudinal power belt of 4 pipes installed in a thrust between the end walls (stop-longitudinal beams);

d) a lower longitudinal power belt connected to a suspension beam, composed of 4 pipes (longitudinal support beams and lower rods);

e) intermediate transverse power belts consisting of lower and upper transverse braces, each welded to the load along the contour of the fit.

The load is inside such a frame and is welded to power transverse belts.

The disadvantages of the known devices are:

1) solidity (the device is not subject to disassembly) of the device design, which predetermines its one-time use (production for a specific cargo and use for transportation of only this cargo);

2) high consumption of materials required to provide the required strength and rigidity of the structure of the supporting frame, perceiving all the loads from the mass of the load placed in it. The weight of this known device exceeds, as a rule, 68 tons, which makes it necessary to use with it a high-capacity conveyor;

3) the need to coordinate issues related to the fastening and welding of cross-links to the load, with the manufacturers of the goods.

The purpose of this group of inventions is to increase the efficiency of transportation of bulky and heavy goods by sagging, including through the expansion of operational

- 1 031212 of the transport system capabilities.

A single technical result achieved as a result of the implementation of any of the claimed variants of the invention is to create a reusable universal device for securing various loads, differing in shape and overall dimensions, as well as having different strength and rigidity.

Below is a description of the various options for fixing the cargo (sets of structural elements and their versions) depending on the shape, size, technical and technological characteristics of the cargo.

The first variant of the claimed invention relates to the construction of a device for securing goods, satisfying the following conditions (for example, a transformer):

overall dimensions of the body / shell (packaging) of the cargo fit into the volume of a rectangular shape;

the largest transverse size of the shell / shell together with the device for fastening does not exceed 6.0 m;

supporting devices of the body / shell of the cargo are located in its upper part on the longitudinal sides;

The shell / shell of the load is thin-walled and cannot be subjected to loads that affect the change in its shape or the appearance of microcracks.

For these goods, a device is used to secure the cargo with a set of elements that form the open transverse contour of the system in the middle parts of the metal structure (there are no upper transverse connections).

This single technical result for the first of the claimed options is achieved by creating a device for securing a large-sized and heavy cargo, characterized in that it is arranged around a cargo or a cargo shell and with the help of cargo a supporting spatial metal structure containing end walls, each of which consists of two extreme end racks located on top of the end racks and connected to them with the formation of a detachable connection transverse b Lacks that have outside resistant seats for interfacing with the stops of the vehicle consoles, located at the base of the end wall and forming with its end pillars a one-piece connection of the connecting beam consisting of a middle part, which is located between the end pillars, and two middle parts attached to the ends, to form detachable connection connecting links in the form of a half-cylinder each; two main end beams, each consisting of a pair of blocks with lugs designed to connect with the lugs of the vehicle cantilevers, interconnected in the upper part of the main end beam, which forms a detachable joint with the connecting beam of the end wall, forming the same end parts - sectional crosshead, in the lower part - sectional base; located in the upper part (above the horizontal plane passing through the common center of gravity (OST) of the transport system (cargo, wheeled vehicle, device for securing cargo)) devices and designed for perception through the end walls of horizontal forces from the stops of the vehicle consoles, at least as far as two stubborn longitudinal beams, in the recesses of the end sections of which the ends of the transverse beams of the end walls are installed; two support-longitudinal beams located in the middle part of the device, the end sections of which are connected to the blocks of the main end beams; located in the lower part of the device, designed for interconnecting blocks of opposite main end beams, two sets of lower rods with end sections in the form of eyelets and lower transverse connections with hangers for attachment to support-longitudinal beams and with places for detachable connection with lower rods; each end wall and the corresponding main end beam are connected and in contact with each other along the flat surfaces of their connecting beams, while the free ends of the connecting links of the connecting beam of each end wall, combining in pairs with the free ends of the adjacent end links of the connecting beam of the main end beam, are placed and are fixed in the cylindrical cavities of the couplings of the end sections of the corresponding longitudinal support beams, and the load is attached to the device It is fixed by fixing its supporting devices or standard elements on the longitudinal beams.

In this embodiment of the device, additional fastening of the load to the device can be provided by connecting the load to the transverse beams of the end walls with the help of, as a rule, special devices that are mounted on the load using a special technology.

To transfer the load from the load to the support-longitudinal beams between the stop-longitudinal and support-longitudinal beams are installed and fastened to them by means of detachable connections of the rack with braces.

The second variant of the claimed invention relates to the construction of a device for securing goods that satisfy the following conditions (for example, a steam boiler, a turbine):

The body (or shell) of the cargo is made of blocks in the form of concentric cylinders or semi-cylinders of various diameters, assembled by means of bolted joints in radial and diameter

- 2 031212 straight flange connections;

the body of the load can not be subjected to loads that affect the quality of the joints between the blocks from which the body (shell) of the load is assembled;

the supporting elements of the cargo cannot be structurally adapted to the conditions of carriage (applies to the turbine);

the body of the load is not hygroscopic and is a thin-walled cylinder with flat or spherical ends;

the largest size of the body in cross section does not exceed, together with the device for securing cargo, 6.0 m;

The body of the cargo can not be subjected to any loads that affect the change in its shape or the appearance of microcracks.

In this embodiment, the device for securing cargo uses a set of elements that form a complete longitudinal and transverse contours.

This single technical result for the second of the claimed options is achieved by creating a device for securing a large-sized and heavy cargo, characterized in that it is arranged around a cargo or a cargo shell and with the help of cargo a supporting spatial metal structure containing end walls, each of which consists of two extreme end posts with stop points for mating with the stops of the vehicle consoles located at the base of the end posts Tenkai and forming with the end uprights permanent connection connecting beams consisting of a middle portion, which is located between the end uprights and connected to the two ends of the middle portion to form a releasable connection of connectors in the form of a half cylinder each; two main end beams, each consisting of a pair of identical blocks with lugs designed to connect with lugs of vehicle consoles, and interconnected in the upper part of the main end beam, which forms a detachable joint with a connecting beam, in the middle part - sectional head plate, in the lower part - sectional base; located in the upper part of the device along its longitudinal axis and intended for perception through the end posts of the end walls of the horizontal forces from the stops of the vehicle consoles at least one stop longitudinal beam to which the upper transverse connections are connected with the possibility of a connector; located in the lower part of the device designed for interconnecting blocks of opposite main end beams, two sets of lower rods with end sections in the form of lugs and lower transverse connections with places for detachable connection with lower rods, perceiving vertical forces from the thrust beam through racks fixed between upper cross links or their suspensions and lower cross links or their suspensions; each end wall and the corresponding main end beam are connected and in contact with each other along the flat surfaces of their connecting beams, while the free ends of the connecting links of the connecting beam of each end wall, combining in pairs with the free ends of the connecting end links of the main beam, are located and fixed in the cylindrical cavities of the couplings of the four support limiters, each connected to the corresponding block of the corresponding main Ortsevo beams and sensing mass resting on their cargo.

In this embodiment of the device for securing cargo, when there are no end beams on the end walls, and the stop points of the coupling with the stops of the vehicle cantilevers are placed outside the end pillars distribution beams. These transverse distribution beams are attached to the end posts with grooves, wedges and bolted joints.

The third variant of the claimed invention relates to the design of the device for securing loads that satisfy the following conditions (for example, a stator):

the body / shell of the cargo is made in the form of a thick-walled cylinder with flat ends and may be subjected to longitudinal compressive loads that occur during transportation;

load stop devices are placed in the middle parts of the height of the load on the longitudinal forming cylinder and can be adapted to the conditions of carriage;

The overall size of the stop devices together with the device for securing cargo in the transverse direction does not exceed 6 m.

A set of elements of the device is used for securing cargo, forming an open transverse contour of the system in the middle parts and an unclosed longitudinal contour (there are no persistent-longitudinal beams, upper transverse connections, struts and braces).

This single technical result for the third of the claimed options is achieved by creating a device for securing a large-sized and heavy cargo, characterized in that it is arranged around the cargo or the shell of the cargo and using the cargo supporting spatial metal structure containing end walls, each

- 3 031212 one consists of two extreme end struts located on top of the end posts and connected to them with the formation of a detachable connection of the transverse beam, having outside hard seats for interfacing with the stops of the vehicle consoles located in the base of the end wall and forming with end posts connecting a connecting beam consisting of a middle part, which is placed between the end posts, and two middle parts attached to the ends, with the formation of a detachable joint half-cylinder shaped links each; two main end beams, each consisting of a pair of blocks with lugs designed to connect to the lugs of the vehicle cantilevers, and interconnected in the upper part of the main end beam, which forms a detachable connection with the connecting beam of the end wall, which forms the same the middle part - sectional crosshead, in the lower part - sectional base; two support-longitudinal beams located in the middle part of the device, the end sections of which are connected to the blocks of the main end beams; located in the lower part of the device, designed for interconnecting blocks of opposite main end beams, two sets of lower rods with end sections in the form of eyelets and lower transverse connections with hangers for attachment to support-longitudinal beams and with places for detachable connection with lower rods; each end wall and the corresponding main end beam are connected and in contact with each other along the flat surfaces of their connecting beams, while the free ends of the connecting links of the connecting beam of each end wall, combining in pairs with the free ends of the adjacent end links of the connecting beam of the main end beam, are placed and are fixed in the cylindrical cavities of the couplings of the end sections of the corresponding longitudinal support beams, and the load is attached to the device It is fixed by fixing supporting devices or standard load elements on the supporting beams of the device.

Additional fastening of the load to the device in this embodiment of the device for securing the load is carried out by connecting the load to the transverse beams of the end walls with the help of special devices that are mounted on the load using a special technology.

The fourth variant of the claimed invention relates to the construction of a device for securing cargoes that satisfy the following conditions (for example, a steam generator):

the body / shell of the load is a high-pressure, thick-walled cylinder with spherical ends;

there are no supporting devices on the body / shell of the load for fastening it to the device for securing the load;

the largest transverse size of the cargo together with a device for securing cargo does not exceed 6.0 m;

The body / shell of the cargo may be subjected to longitudinal loads that occur during transportation

In this embodiment, the device for securing cargo uses a set of elements that form a closed transverse contour in the middle parts of the cargo and a closed longitudinal contour: from the full set of devices for securing cargo (the second variant of the invention), as a rule, upper and lower transverse connections are excluded, resistant-longitudinal beams, end walls, but using only one set of lower rods, located along the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the device, supporting limit switches, and instead of connecting beams of end walls use soy initelnye beams attached to the chassis / shell cargo.

This single technical result for the fourth of the claimed options is achieved by creating a device for securing a large-sized and heavy cargo, characterized in that it is arranged around the cargo or the shell of the cargo and using the cargo supporting spatial metal structure containing two main end beams consisting each of a pair of blocks with lugs designed to connect with lugs of vehicle consoles, interconnected in the bottom parts of the sectional base, in the middle part of the sectional crossbeam, and in the upper part - the connecting beam of the main end beam, which forms a detachable connection with the blocks and consists of the middle part located between the inner struts of the blocks and two middle parts attached to the ends connectors in the form of semi-cylinders each; located in the lower part of the device along its longitudinal axis and intended for interconnecting blocks of opposite main end beams, a set of lower rods, middle sections of which are interconnected into a single structure, at each end of which (structure) a distribution cross beam is fixed with eyelets for connection with corresponding block of the main end beam; moreover, the connecting beams of the main end beams of the device are connected with similar in construction connecting beams fixed to the corresponding end walls of the cargo and in contact with them (connecting beams) on flat surfaces, with the free ends of the connecting links of each fixed to the cargo connecting beam, uniting in pairs with the free ends of the connecting beams of the connecting beam adjacent to them

- 4 031212 of the main main beam, are placed and fixed in the cylindrical cavities of the sleeves of the four supporting end joints, each connected to the corresponding block of the corresponding main front beam and receiving the mass of the load resting on them.

The lugs located at the ends of the distribution crossbeams are located in the cavities between the lugs of the respective blocks of the main end beams and / or between the eye and the uprights of the blocks of the main end beams, and they are connected to the corresponding block by means of an axis installed into the holes of the inner and outer racks of the block these lugs distributive transverse beams and lugs block.

Combining the middle sections of the lower rods and using the distribution beam allows using the claimed device for securing goods, in which it is possible to place only one set of lower rods along the longitudinal axis of the device for securing cargo, use two sets of eyelets of the lower rods, positioning them at the ends of said distribution beam. That is, the load perceived by the middle sections of one set of lower loads is transmitted to all four blocks of the main end beam.

The middle parts of the connecting beams (fixed on the load and the main end beam) that are in contact with each other over flat surfaces are interconnected by means of bolted connections.

The fifth variant of the claimed invention relates to the construction of a device for securing cargoes that satisfy the following conditions (for example, a boiler):

the load refers to the oversize: the largest transverse size of the body (shell) exceeds 6.0 m;

the supporting surface of the body / shell of the cargo is a flat base; The body / shell of the load has a full transverse and longitudinal contour on the upper level.

In this embodiment of the device for securing cargo, a set of elements is used that form the open transverse contour of the system in the middle parts and the open longitudinal contour: out of the full set of elements (the second embodiment of the invention) there are no stop-longitudinal beams, upper transverse connections, struts and cross-beams racks

The specified unified technical result for the fifth of the claimed options is achieved by creating a device for securing a large-sized and heavy cargo, characterized in that it is a supporting spatial metal structure equipped with a cargo, containing end walls, each of which consists of two extreme end posts with support points for mating with the stops of the vehicle consoles, located at the base of the end wall and forming with the end posts s one-piece connection connecting beam, consisting of a middle part, which is placed between the end posts, and two middle parts attached to the ends with the formation of a detachable connection of connecting links in the shape of a half-cylinder each; two main end beams, each consisting of a pair of identical blocks with lugs designed to connect with lugs of vehicle consoles, and interconnected in the upper part of the main end beam, which forms a detachable joint with a connecting beam, in the middle part - sectional crosshead, in the lower part - sectional base; two support-longitudinal beams located in the middle part of the device, the end sections of which are connected to the blocks of the main end beams; located in the lower part of the device, designed for interconnecting blocks of opposite main end beams, two sets of lower rods with end sections in the form of eyelets and lower transverse connections with hangers for attachment to support-longitudinal beams and with places for detachable connection with lower rods; each end wall and the corresponding main end beam are connected and in contact with each other along the flat surfaces of their connecting beams, while the free ends of the connecting links of the connecting beam of each end wall, combining in pairs with the free ends of the adjacent end links of the connecting beam of the main end beam, are placed and are fixed in the cylindrical cavities of the couplings of the end sections of the corresponding longitudinal support beams, and the load is attached to the device It is installed by installing its base on a horizontal support plane formed by the upper surfaces of the support-longitudinal beams and additional cross-links placed between the support-longitudinal beams.

Each thrust from the set of lower rods is an I-beam with end sections in the form of lugs, which are placed in the cavities between the lugs of the blocks of the main end beams and / or between the lug and racks of the blocks of the main end beams.

In this embodiment, the device for securing cargo cross-links (lower and additional) are located at two levels in height; at the level of the lower beams and at the level of the longitudinal support beams. Constructive interconnection of the lower cross-links with their suspensions, intended for connection to the longitudinal support beams, leads to the formation (both in the longitudinal and in the transverse directions) under the additional cross-links divided by the length of the open volumes. Ballast placed under the horizontal support surface along the support

- 5 031212 transverse beams in these open volumes, serves to compensate for the displacement of the center of gravity relative to the transverse and longitudinal geometrical axes of the device installed on the specified bearing surface. In this case, all four lugs of the wheeled vehicle have the same load, and the area of the loading platform itself is not loaded with ballast.

The additional cross-links used in the device for securing cargo can be made of a pipe, an I-beam, two box-section connected channels.

The supporting surface formed by the above method allows loads, whose transverse size exceeds 6 m, to be raised to a height of 1.88 m above the roadway level, thus increasing the permeability (additional technical result) of the wheel conveyor: along the railway tracks automation cabinets, traffic police signs and pointers.

In this embodiment of the device for securing cargo, additional securing of the cargo to the device can be provided due to its connection with the transverse beams of the end walls.

The sixth variant of the claimed invention relates to the design of the device for securing goods that satisfy the following conditions (for example, a generator):

the largest transverse size of the body / shell of the cargo together with the device for fastening does not exceed 6.0 m;

the supporting surface of the shell / shell is a flat base;

The body / shell of the cargo in the upper and middle parts cannot be subjected to loads arising during transportation.

In this embodiment of the device, a set of elements is used for securing cargo, which form the open transverse contour of the system in the middle parts and the open longitudinal contour: there are no longitudinal beams, upper transverse links, transverse beams of the end posts.

The specified unified technical result for the sixth of the claimed options is achieved by creating a device for securing a large-sized and heavy cargo, characterized in that it is a supporting spatial metal structure equipped with a cargo, containing end walls, each of which consists of two extreme end posts with fixed seats for mating with the stops of the vehicle consoles, located at the base of the end wall and forming with the end faces Kami permanent connection of the connecting beam, consisting of a middle part, which is placed between the end posts, and two middle parts attached to the ends with the formation of a detachable connection of connecting links in the shape of a half-cylinder each; two main end beams, each consisting of a pair of identical blocks with lugs designed to connect with lugs of vehicle consoles, and interconnected in the upper part of the main end beam, which forms a detachable joint with a connecting beam, in the middle part - sectional crosshead, in the lower part - sectional base; located in the lower part of the device: designed for interconnection of blocks of opposite main end beams at least two sets of lower rods, the end sections of each of which are made in the form of eyelets, and the middle section is an I-beam located in two tiers, and the distance between the beam the lower tier, the metal-intensive shelf of which is located at the bottom, and the beam of the upper tier, the metal-intensive shelf of which is located at the top, is determined by the height of the struts between the beams and the bottom cross links with places for detachable connection with the middle sections of the lower rods of the lower and upper tier; each end wall and the corresponding main end beam are connected and in contact with each other along the flat surfaces of their connecting beams, while the free ends of the connecting links of the connecting beam of each end wall, combining in pairs with the free ends of the connecting end links of the main beam, are located and are fixed in the cylindrical cavities of the couplings of the four support limiters, each connected to the corresponding block of the corresponding main end beams and perceiving the mass of the load resting on them, and securing the load to the device is carried out by installing its base with subsequent fixing on the horizontal supporting plane formed by the upper surfaces of the middle sections of the lower links of the upper tier and installed at their upper surfaces by additional cross links.

Used in this version of the device for securing cargo additional cross-links can be made of pipes, I-beams or two connected channel boxes of box section.

Formed support platform for the installation of cargo allows you to lift the cargo above the roadway to a height of at least 1.1 m, increasing the permeability (additional technical result) of the conveyor with such cargo. With such a loading height, obstacles in the form of sidewalks, curbs, dwarf traffic lights, road fencing, low platforms, etc. can be overcome on the path of the conveyor belt.

In this embodiment, the device for securing cargo load on the mass of the load on the bend

- 6 031212 is perceived by lower longitudinal beams - two sets of lower rods, consisting of lower rods, the end sections of each of which are made in the form of eyelets, and the middle section is an I-beam located in two tiers.

In the above-described embodiments of the device for securing the load, depending on whether the load has supporting regular elements in the upper or middle parts, support-longitudinal beams or support limit switches are used. The end sections of each support-longitudinal beam (options 1, 3, 5 devices) or support limit switches (options 2, 4, 6 devices) are installed on the shelves of the outer racks of the respective blocks of the main end beams and are fastened there, as a rule, by means of bolted connections .

The designs of connecting beams (end wall, main end beam and connecting beams mounted on the load), which, connecting in pairs, act as joint nodes of the end walls (or load in the device version 4) with the main end beams of the device for securing the load, are as a rule, identical (excluding the presence and design of the elements of the compound on flat surfaces). The middle parts of the connecting beams that are in contact with each other over flat surfaces are connected to each other by means of bolted joints, which are placed on the flanges of these parts.

The connecting links of connecting beams in order to reduce their material consumption are recommended to be performed in the form of hollow semi-cylinders. The cylindrical surface of each connecting link of the connecting beam of the end wall is installed (except for 4 variants of the device where the end wall is absent), contacting with its cylindrical surface, into the guide semi-cylindrical recess at the base of the corresponding end post, and fastens to it, forming a permanent connection. The cylindrical surfaces of each connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam are installed to form detachable joints in guides (semi-cylindrical) grooves made in the upper parts of the lugs of the blocks, in its inner and outer racks, where they are in contact with their cylindrical surfaces.

Each connecting link of the connecting beam of the end wall or connecting beam fixed to the load (device option 4), with a flat bottom side adjacent to the flat upper side of the corresponding connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam, has guide holes and cavities for cylindrical pins and limiters protruding on the flat side of the corresponding connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end of the beam.

The ends of the connecting links of the connecting beams of the end wall and the main end beam are placed in pairs in the cavity of the coupling of the corresponding end section of the corresponding support-longitudinal beam (options 1, 3, 5 devices) or the support trailer (options 2, 6 devices): the free end of each connecting link of the connecting beam end wall is placed in the upper part of the cylindrical cavity of the coupling end section of the corresponding support-longitudinal beam or support limit switch, with the free end of each connecting The connecting link of the main end beam is located in the lower part of the cylindrical cavity of the coupling of this end section or the support trailer) and fixed there with a finger.

In the fourth of the claimed embodiments of the device, the connection of each connecting beam of the main end beam with a corresponding connecting beam fixed to the load is similar to its above-described connection with the connecting beam of the end wall: each connecting link of the connecting beam fixed to the load with a flat bottom side adjacent to the flat top side corresponding connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam, also has guide holes and cavities, respectively for cylindrical fingers and stops, protruding on the flat side of the corresponding connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam. At the same time, the ends of the connecting links of the connecting beam fixed on the load and the main end beam, placed in pairs in the coupling cavity of the corresponding support trailer, are also fixed in it with a finger.

The sets of lower rods are located in the lower part of the device for securing cargo and connect blocks of opposite main end beams. The lugs of the lower brackets are placed in the cavities between the lugs of the blocks of the main end beams and / or between the lugs and racks of the blocks of the main end beams. The connection of the lower rods with the corresponding block is carried out by means of an axis installed in the holes of the inner and outer racks of the block through the combined holes of the lugs of the lower rods and the lugs of the block. The number of lower rods in one set and their load capacity generally depend on the weight of the cargo, the location of the lower rods relative to the longitudinal axis of the set, the size and number of cavities for the lugs of the lower rods formed in the blocks of the main end beams in the set.

The lower link rods with end sections in the form of eyelets are, as a rule, each I-beam. In order to simplify the construction of a set of lower biases, steel ropes with the required number of threads placed in boxes, which are used for

- 7 031212 formation of an additional transverse contour of the system in the middle parts of the structure. If I-beams are used as lower loads in options 1-4 for securing cargo, the beams of greater capacity in the set are usually located closer to the longitudinal axis of the set of lower rods, and lower in load-carrying capacity further from the longitudinal axis of the set. In options 5 and 6 of the claimed device use I-beams of the same capacity (with shelves of the same metal).

For all the claimed device options, it is preferable to place in each of the blocks the main end beams of the set of lugs, which (eyes) are installed parallel to each other between the inner and outer columns of the block. Through the use of several (set) lugs, it is possible to increase the cavities (sinuses) to accommodate the lower lugs, and, therefore, to increase the number of lower lugs, which, in turn, leads to an increase in the number of axes that work on the section and lower brackets, and allows you to reduce the dimensions of all lugs placed in the unit.

At the same time, each kit eye has a guide groove for landing on the sectional yoke, a hook for interfacing with the sectional base, as well as an opening where an axis is inserted for connecting the eyelet to the eye of the console of the wheeled cart of the wheeled vehicle, and the cylindrical part of the connecting link connecting beams of the main end of the beam.

In addition, it is preferable to make the lugs of the blocks inlaid, consisting of, at least, of two connected (welding, screw connection, rivets) layers of different thickness and design. The thickness of each eye in the set is determined by the number of layers of different thickness, and the number of eyes in the set is determined by the width between the eyes of the console of the wheeled vehicle and the amount of force transmitted from them to the lower thrust. The type-setting design of the lugs allows to take into account any design of the lugs of the wheeled vehicle and its carrying capacity.

Used in devices for securing cylindrical cargo (options 2, 3, 4 devices), cross-links (upper and / or lower) can be structurally combined with their suspensions to form a surface that follows the contour of the surface of the cargo in contact with it.

The use of any of the claimed device options for securing cargo for the carriage of goods of a certain type, but differing in overall dimensions, becomes possible as a result of changes in the working volume for the cargo being arranged in the device, which is achieved by making the main elements of the device sectioned. So, changing the length (longitudinal overall dimensions) of the device for securing cargo for the purpose of transportation, including long cargo becomes possible due to the sectional implementation of its longitudinal elements (support-longitudinal and stop-beam beams, lower rods) are disconnected from the middle part of the beam) of the device connecting beams (and the cargo connecting beam in the 4th version), sectional crossheads, bases and transverse (upper, lower and additional) connections (in their particular cases in Performance), as well as (options 1, devices) detachable method of connecting the crossbeam of the end wall with its end posts allows you to change the transverse dimensions of the device for securing cargo to transport goods with different transverse dimensions.

In the stated embodiments of the device for securing cargo, a detachable method of connecting its main units with each other and / or individual elements in these nodes is used:

detachable connection of the connecting beams of the end wall and the main end beam (options 1-3, 5, 6 devices) - the main unit of the device articulation - allows you to determine, based on the design and shape of the cargo, as well as its technical and technological capabilities, the need to use end walls in the device the device or end walls of the cargo (fixed on them connecting beams) instead of the end walls of the device;

detachable connection of the connecting beam of the end wall with a connecting beam fixed to the load (device option 4) allows using the latter as an accessory of the load, obtaining a load reference node in the end parts, and ensuring coordination of the load relative to the lugs of the main end beam in transferring the load on them;

detachable connection of the transverse beam end wall with end posts (options 1, 3 devices) allows you to change the design of the end wall

detachable connection of the connecting beam of the main end beam with the blocks of the main end beam allows you to use different sets of lugs and replace the connecting beam itself in the main end beam;

detachable connection of the resistant-longitudinal beams with an end wall (options 1, 2 devices) allows a) to refuse the use of resistant-longitudinal beams (options 3-6 of the device) when the strength and rigidity of the cargo or its shell are ensured b) place the required number of stop-longitudinal beams directly in the cross-sectional area of the load, which is the force from the stops of the vehicle cantilevers or where the loss of rigidity and stability of the hull or shell of the load is possible;

detachable connection of support-longitudinal beams (options 1, 3, 5 devices) or support end

- 8 031212 Wick (options 2, 4, 6 devices) on the shelves of the blocks of the main end beams provides a) for the time of cargo transportation, the strength and rigidity of the connection of the end walls and the main end beams by placing the ends of the connecting links of their connecting beams in support limit switches; b) the interchangeability of these elements of design, depending on the selected device for securing cargo;

detachable connection of cross-links with the longitudinal elements of the device allows you to use the required number based on ensuring the necessary rigidity of the longitudinal nodes and elements of the device and the geometry and shape of the transported cargo or cargo shell without changing the design of the longitudinal nodes and elements of the device for securing cargo;

detachable connection of the lower rods with blocks of the main end beams allows, if necessary, changing the structure of the lower part of the device for securing cargo by changing the number of sets of lower rods, as well as by changing the number, type and capacity of the lower rods in the set.

This method of detachable connection of unified assemblies and elements allows forming the optimal set of assemblies and elements from the existing complete set of assemblies and elements for any of the claimed variants of the device for securing cargo and, moreover, replacing the assemblies / structural elements with similar ones in case of their failure. The composition (type and number of nodes and elements) of the specified optimal set is determined by the shape, dimensions, technical (strength and stiffness) and technological characteristics of the transported cargo and the method of its installation in the device for securing cargo. In cases where the load or its shell has the necessary strength and rigidity, the device for securing the load has an incomplete set of structural elements, while the missing parts and components are filled with the contour of the load itself or its shell.

Arrangement of cargo in the first four variants of the device for securing cargo occurs in the process of equipping the contour system (device assembly), and its attachment to the device is accomplished through the use of its regular supporting places (nodes) and / or additional devices attached to the device elements and impeding thereby offsetting the load. In this case, the cargo during transportation perceives longitudinal and transverse inertial loads, the value of which depends on its mass, and the device for securing the load (contour supporting metal structure), due to rigid attachment of the load to it, experiences the same loads as the load (loads from cargo weight), as well as additional loads from the consoles of wheeled vehicles. The prerequisite for reliable operation of the device for securing cargo is the mutual redistribution of loads occurring during the carriage: vertical (transverse) from the cargo fixed on the supporting structures of the device for securing cargo, loads on the regular supporting parts of the wheeled vehicle, and reverse, horizontal (longitudinal) loads through the console of the wheeled vehicle to the device for securing cargo. The specified redistribution of loads is provided by the two-level contour system, which are part of the device for securing cargo, being created.

The ability to apply various modifications (variants) of the device, made up of the optimal set of suitable for any of the claimed device options for securing the cargo elements and components taking into account the characteristics of the cargo being transported, as well as forming (1-4 device variants) by them (elements and nodes) cargo and around the cargo two-level contour system of redistribution of loads, expands a) the operational capabilities of the device for securing cargo and allows b) rational and efficient use of the wheel e CU.

The expansion of the operational capabilities of the device for securing cargo occurs due to the possibility of distribution around the cargo of components and elements of the device in those places (zones) and directions where they perceive the loads most efficiently. Thus, it becomes real to establish an individual factor of safety for each node or structural element of the device, as well as to identify those that can be replaced with new ones during the operation of the device without compromising the performance of the entire device. In addition, the presence of independent unified units / elements of the device with its factor of safety allows them to be used with different intensities depending on the option of securing the load selected according to the characteristics of the load.

The proposed technical solution is aimed at the use of technical and technological capabilities of the cargo (or its shell), included in one way or another in the contour system of the device for securing cargo, having, in turn, one or another degree of strength and rigidity. Such use of the cargo reduces the amount of load on the nodes and structural elements of the device for securing cargo and thus reduces the cross-section of individual parts of these nodes and elements, which leads to a decrease in metal consumption of the structure itself. The reduction of the material (additional technical result) of the device for securing cargo allows the use of a lower carrying capacity.

Due to the possibility of transition from wheeled vehicles of greater carrying capacity to wheeled vehicles of smaller carrying capacity, the proposed device for securing cargo makes it possible to more rationally and more efficiently use wheeled vehicles, since:

With the increase in the greater carrying capacity of the vehicle, difficulties arise concerning its technical

- 9 031212 of service, management of the transportation process and organization of this process, according to the established safety requirements, the speed of the vehicle of greater carrying capacity is lower than the speed of the vehicle of smaller carrying capacity, which affects the terms of transportation of goods

That is, the transition to a wheeled vehicle with a smaller carrying capacity leads to a reduction in the laboriousness of transportation and, as a consequence of this, to a reduction in the cost of transportation in general.

To clarify the essence of the claimed device presents the following graphic materials, which depict:

FIG. 1 - a device for securing goods to the vehicle in a perspective view in the form of a supporting metal structure - front view;

FIG. 2 - device for securing goods to the vehicle in axonometric view - top view, where B is the size between the lugs of the blocks of the main end beam, I is the length (overall size) of the device for securing cargo;

FIG. 3 - device for securing goods to the vehicle - side view in axonometry;

FIG. 4 - joint unit of the end wall with the main end beam (section A-A of the supporting metal structure (Fig. 1));

FIG. 5 — end face of the end wall (front view);

FIG. 6 — end face of the end wall (side view);

FIG. 7 is a transverse beam of the end wall (front view);

FIG. 8 - persistent-longitudinal beam (front view);

FIG. 9 - persistent-longitudinal beam (side view);

FIG. 10 - longitudinal support beam (front view);

FIG. 11 - longitudinal support beam (top view);

FIG. 12 - block of the main end beam (side view);

FIG. 13 is the block of the main end of the beam (front view);

FIG. 14 is a block of the main end of the beam (top view);

FIG. 15 - block eye from the kit (type I);

FIG. 16 - the eye of the unit from the kit (type II);

FIG. 17 - a block eye from a set (type III);

FIG. 18 - a set of lower rods (front view);

FIG. 19 - a set of lower rods (top view);

FIG. 20 - a set of lower rods (section A-A of the lower rods on the front view);

FIG. 21 - lower / upper cross-sectional communication with suspensions;

FIG. 22 - a variant of the lower / upper cross sectional connection (the link and suspensions are combined into one) - front view;

FIG. 23 - a variant of the lower / upper cross sectional connection (the link and the suspensions are combined into one) - top view;

FIG. 24 is a diagram of mounting a transformer on a 28-axle conveyor of an articulated type (oversized cargo, oversize index H-8880) - front view;

FIG. 25 is a diagram of the mounting of a transformer on a 28-axle conveyor of the articulated type (oversized cargo, oversize index H-8880) - side view;

FIG. 26 is a diagram of mounting the stator housing on a 28-axle railway. an articulated type conveyor (oversized cargo, oversize index H-4880) - front view;

FIG. 27 is a diagram of mounting the stator housing on a 28-axle train. an articulated type conveyor (oversized cargo, oversize index H-4880) - side view.

Below, on the example of a specific device for mounting a large-sized and heavy cargo (transformer) to a wheeled vehicle on a 28-axle conveyor of the articulated type (Fig. 26, 27) provides information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention to obtain the above technical result.

The device for securing cargo is a supporting spatial metal structure (Fig. 1-4) containing two identical end walls 1 and 2 located between them in the upper part (above the line passing through the common center of gravity of the load, wheeled vehicle, devices for securing the load) of the design two resistant-longitudinal beams 3; two support-beam beams 4, two sets of lower rods 5 and four lower transverse links 6 with hangers in the lower part of the structure, as well as two identical main end beams (not shown in the drawings) located at the base of the end walls 1 (2). Each main end beam is connected to the corresponding end wall 1 (2) by means of two identical transverse connecting beams (hereinafter, the connecting beam 7 of the end wall and the connecting beam 7 'of the main end beam).

The end walls 1 and 2 of the device for securing loads are identical to each other and symmetrical, each with respect to the vertical longitudinal plane of the device for securing cargo. Each end wall 1 (2) consists of two extreme posts (hereinafter - end posts) 8 (Fig. 5, 6), a transverse beam 9 (Fig. 7) located on top of the end posts 8, connected to them by bolts and having outside thrust for mating with the stops of the vehicle consoles

- 10 031212 (conveyor), and connecting beams 7 end wall. The ends of the transverse beam 9 of each end wall 1 (2) are installed with the help of fingers in the niches 10 of the end sections of the corresponding stop-beams 3 (Fig. 8, 9) and are connected with them by means of threaded parts. The connecting beam 7 end wall consists of a hollow semi-cylindrical middle part 11, which is located between the end posts 8 of the end wall 1 (2), and two identical connecting links 12 attached to the ends of the middle part, each of which is also a hollow half-cylinder. The cylindrical (upper) surface of each connecting link 12 is installed in the guide semi-cylindrical recess 13 (Fig. 6) at the base of the corresponding end post 8, in contact with its (recess) cylindrical surface. The free end of each connecting link 12 of the connecting beam 7 of the end wall 1 (2) is placed in the upper part of the cylindrical cavity 14 of the end section of the corresponding support-longitudinal beam 4 (Fig. 10, 11).

Each main end beam of the device for securing cargo is, along with the end walls 1 (2) assembly unit (assembly unit) of the device, is symmetric about the vertical longitudinal plane of the device and consists of a pair of identical blocks 15 (Fig. 12-14) with a set of lugs combined (blocks) between themselves in the upper part of the connecting beam 7 '(connecting beam of the main end beam), in the middle part - sectional cross member 16 located in the zone with the lowest loads, and sectional base 17 - in the lower part.

The design of the connecting beam 7 'of the main end of the beam is similar to the design of the connecting beam 7 of the end wall 1 (2). The connecting beam 7 'of the main end beam forms a detachable connection with blocks 15: the cylindrical (lower) surface of each connecting link 12' is installed in the guides semi-cylindrical grooves (posed. Not marked) of the inner 18 and outer 19 posts of the block 15, contacts with their cylindrical surfaces and connected with bolts. The free end of each connecting link 12 of the connecting beam 7 of the main end of the beam is placed in the lower part of the cylindrical cavity 14 of the coupling end section of the corresponding support-longitudinal beam 4 of the device.

Thus, the cylindrical cavity 14 of the coupling end section of each longitudinal support beam 4 unites the free ends of the connecting links 12 and 12 'of the connecting beams 7 and 7' of the end wall 1 (2) and the main end beam, respectively, in pairs. The specified ends of the connecting links 12 and 12 'are fixed in the cavity 14 of the coupling end section of an individual support-beam beam 4 with the help of a finger 20.

Moreover, each connecting link 12 of the connecting beam 7 of the end wall 1 (2) with a flat (bottom) side adjacent to the flat (upper) side of the corresponding connecting link 12 'of the connecting beam 7' of the main end beam has guide holes and cavities, respectively, for cylindrical pins 21 and stops 22 protruding on the flat side of the corresponding connecting link 12 'of the connecting beam 7' of the main end beam. The middle parts 11 and 11 'of said connecting beams 7 and 7' that are in contact with each other along flat surfaces are connected to each other by means of bolted joints.

Thus, the articulation point of the two device assemblies (end wall 1 (2) and the corresponding main end beam) are the flat sides (surfaces) of the connecting beams 7 and 7 'of these nodes.

Blocks 15 (Fig. 12-14) of the main end beams of the device contain each inner 18 and outer 19 posts, as well as a set of layers 23 installed in layers (parallel to each other) between the indicated uprights 18 and 19 23. The lugs 23 included in the kit (Fig. 15 -17) are typesetting, have different thickness and design.

All lugs 23 of the kit have a guide groove 24 for landing on the yoke 16, a hook 25 for mating with the base 17, an opening 26 where the axle is inserted when connecting the lugs 23 with the eye of the console of the wheeled cart of the wheeled vehicle, and the guide groove (centering profile, . Not shown) in the upper part for the installation of the cylindrical part of the connecting link 12 'of the connecting beam 7' of the main end beam. The differences in the design of the lugs 23 depend on the place of their location in the set. In principle, in the set with four (thickness H1, H2, H2, H1 in Fig. 14), the lower rods 5 in the set can have three types of eyelets 23:

type I - central (Fig. 15) eyelet, reinforced at the locations of the hole 26 for the axis of the eyes of the console of the wheeled cart and the protrusion, in which the through hole 27 for the finger (axis) for attaching the eyes 28 of the lower rods 5 is made, type II - two medium adjacent to the central lugs (Fig. 16) without a protrusion intended for the hole 27 for the axis of fastening the lugs 28 of the lower rods 5, each reinforced at the location of the hole 26 for the axis of the lugs of the console of the wheeled cart.

Type III - two extreme, adjacent to the inner 18 and outer 19 pillars of the block 15, eyelets (Fig. 17) with a reinforced protrusion, in which a through-hole guide 27 for the pin (axle) is made for fastening the lugs 28 of the lower links 5.

Cavities (pockets) of width H1 and H2 for four eyelets 28 of the lower rods 5 are formed when alternating in a set of eyes of 23 of the specified types: internal rack 18 - eye type III - type II - type I

- 11 031212 type II - type III - external stand 19).

All the lugs 23 of the blocks 15 are in close contact with the kit, while in the upper part each of the lugs is connected to the cylindrical part of the corresponding connecting link 12 'of the main end beam, while the outer lugs 23 are also connected additionally to the inner 18 and outer 19 posts of the block 15.

Thus, the lugs 23, inner 18 and outer 19 posts of one block 15 are combined in the upper part with a connecting beam 7 'of the main end beam, in the middle part with a cross member 16, in the lower part (for contact with the base, hooks are made in the eyes) 17

The shelf 29 of the outer rack 19 of the block 15 (FIGS. 12-14) perceives the vertical load from the end section of the corresponding support-longitudinal beam 4 installed and secured to it by means of bolted joints.

The number of lower rods 5 (Fig. 18-19) in one set and their carrying capacity generally depend on the weight of the load, their location relative to the longitudinal axis of the kit and the number of cavities for the lugs of the lower rods 5 in blocks 15 formed between racks 18 and 19 of block 15 with a certain number and combination of lugs 23 in the set. Each of the lower set 5 (Fig. 18-19) of the set is an I-beam, each end section of which is made in the shape of an eyelet 28. The sets of lower links 5 are located in the lower part of the device for securing cargo and connect blocks 15 of opposite main end beams.

In the middle part of the supporting metal structure between the stop-longitudinal beams 3 and the support-longitudinal beams 4 are located (Fig. 1-3) and are attached to them using detachable connections of the rack 30 with braces 31.

In the lower part of the device for securing cargo, four sectional lower transverse links 6 (Fig. 21) providing rigidity to the longitudinal contour are located with hangers for attachment to the longitudinal support beams 4 and with places for detachable connection with the lower rods 5.

The fastening of the load (transformer) to the device in this example is due to a) securing the standard support consoles of the transformer shell on the upper plane of the stop-longitudinal beams 3, preventing their longitudinal and transverse displacement; b) connecting the flanges of the transformer cover through an additional support device with transverse beams 9 end walls 1 (2).

Assembly.

1. The assembly of the device for securing cargo begins with the formation of a set of lower ropes corresponding to the total tensile load of 5; the corresponding lengths of the corresponding sections of the required length depend on the common longitudinal axis of the set: the traction of greater carrying capacity is located closer to the longitudinal axis of the set; further from the longitudinal axis of the set.

2. Assembling the main end of the beam.

The pre-assembled, in a certain order, lugs of 23 different structures (types) and thicknesses are placed tightly between the inner 18 and outer 19 posts of the block 15. The blocks 15 of the main end beam are connected by a traverse 16 and are mounted on the base 17.

In the upper part, the blocks 15 are joined by a connecting beam 7 'of the main end beam: the cylindrical surfaces of the connecting links 12' of the connecting beam 7 'are installed in the recess guide in the upper parts of the lugs 23, inner 18 and outer 19 racks of the block 15 and fastened to them with bolted joints .

3. The connection of the main end beams of the device for securing cargo.

The lower thrust 5 of the set is placed in such a way that the lugs 28 of the lower rods 5 are located in the cavities between those lugs 23 of the block 15, which (the lugs 23) have a protrusion with a hole 27 under the finger (axis) for fastening them. In the holes of the inner 18 and outer 19 racks of the block 15 through the coaxial holes 27 in the lugs 23 and the holes in the lugs 28 of the lower rods 5 set the axis, fastening the lower rods 5 and the blocks 15.

4. Detachable (bolted) connection of the lower cross links 6 with lower rods 5.

5. Assembling the end wall 1 (2) of the device for securing cargo.

The end posts 8 are mounted on top and are joined to them by bolted joints a transverse end beam 9. The end wall connecting beam 7 is placed at the base of the end wall 1 (2), the ends of the middle part 11 of the end wall connecting beam 7 are placed between the end posts 8, and the cylindrical ( the upper surface of each of its connecting link 12 is installed in the guide semi-cylindrical recess 13 in the base of the corresponding end of the rack 8, in contact with its cylindrical surface, and welds I said to her.

6. The assembly of the assemblies (end wall 1 (2) and the main end beam) is made by aligning the flat surfaces of the connecting beams 7 and 7 'of the end wall 1 (2) and the corresponding main end beam so that the guide holes and the cavity of the connecting links 12 the connecting beam 7 of the end wall 1 (2) are aligned with the fingers 21 and the stoppers 22 of the connecting beam 7 'of the main end beam: the guide holes with the fingers 21 ensure

- 12 031212 the straightness of the assembly of the end posts 8 relative to the blocks 15 and the strength of the connection (the end wall with the main end beam) relative to the loads in the transverse direction, and the guide cavities with the limiters 22 ensure the transfer of the longitudinal load from the load to the console of the vehicle's wheeled cart.

7. Assembly and installation of support frames is carried out by interconnection with the help of struts 30 and diagonals 31, assembled from sections of corresponding lengths of support-longitudinal beams 4 and resistant-longitudinal beams 3.

Installation of support frames between the end walls 1 (2) is performed:

a) by placing in the niches 10 of resistant-longitudinal beams 3 of the ends of the transverse beams 9 and their subsequent connection with the help of bolts, nuts, fingers;

b) by placing the free ends of the connecting links 12, 12 'of the articulated connecting beams 7 and 7' in the cylindrical cavities 14 of the support-longitudinal beams 4 and fixing them there with the help of fingers 20, the subsequent installation and fastening (detachable connection) of the end sections of the support-length beams 4 on the shelves of the outer racks 19 blocks 15.

8. Fastening (detachable connection) of the lower cross links 6 to the support-longitudinal beams 4.

The transfer of loads in the device is as follows.

The load, relying on the resistant-longitudinal beams 3, passes through racks 30, braces 31, to the backbone beams 4 and then through connecting nodes formed in the end sections of the backward-longitudinal beams 4 to the free ends of the connecting links 12 and 12 ', to the shelves of the outer racks of the 19 blocks 15 loads on the lugs 23, and then on the lugs of the vehicle consoles. The strength and rigidity of the support-longitudinal beams 4 provide cross-links 6, transverse beams 9, connecting beams 7 and 7 'and the base 17 - this is the first level of the contour system.

Due to the torque from the vertical load transmitted by the mass of the load on the axis of the lugs 23, the device for securing the load experiences longitudinal loads. The lower links 5, the lugs 23 of the blocks 15, the connecting beams 7 and 7 ', the resistant longitudinal beams 3 form the second level of the contour system. Thus, all the loads acting in the two-level contour system of the device for securing cargo are transmitted to the blocks 15, summed with cross-pieces 16 and then transmitted to the lugs of the vehicle consoles through the lugs 23 of the blocks 15.

The transport system (wheeled vehicles connected by means of consoles with a device for securing cargo, a device for securing cargo, cargo) is ready for operation after connecting the cargo with a device for securing cargo and connecting the lugs of the consoles of transport wheel trucks with eyelets 23 devices for securing cargo by axles .

Claims (17)

CLAIM 1. Device for mounting a large and heavy cargo, characterized in that it is a supporting spatial metal structure containing end walls (1, 2), each of which consists of two extreme end posts (8) located at the base of the end wall ( 1, 2) and forming with end posts (8) a permanent connection of a connecting beam (7) consisting of the middle part (11), which is placed between the end posts (8), and two middle parts (11) attached to the ends a substantial connection of connecting links (12) in the shape of a half-cylinder each; two main end beams, each consisting of a pair of blocks (15) with lugs (23), designed to connect with lugs of vehicle consoles, interconnected in the upper part of the main end beam forming them with a detachable connection, connecting structure (7 '), which is similar to the construction of the connecting beam end wall (7), in the middle part - sectional crosshead (16), in the lower part - sectional base (17); two support-longitudinal beams (4) located in the middle part of the device, the end sections of which are connected to the blocks (15) of the main end beams; located in the lower part of the device and designed for interconnecting blocks (15) of opposite main end beams two sets of lower rods (5) with end sections (28) in the form of lugs and lower transverse connections (6) with suspensions for connection to the longitudinal support beams (4) and with places for detachable connection to the lower rods (5); each end wall (1, 2) and the corresponding main end beam are connected and in contact with each other along the flat surfaces of their connecting beams (7, 7 '), while the free ends of the connecting links (12) of the connecting beam of each end wall (1, 2 ), combining in pairs with the free ends of the connecting links (12 ') of the connecting beam (7') of the main end beam adjacent to them, are placed and fixed in the cylindrical cavities (14) of the end section couplings of the corresponding support-length beams (4). 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the end posts (8) of the end walls (1, 2) have hard seats for interfacing with the stops of the vehicle consoles, and securing the load to the device is carried out by installing its base on a horizontal support plane, formed by the upper surfaces of the support-longitudinal beams (4) and additional cross-links, 3. Device according to any one of claims 1, 2, characterized in that the additional cross-links are sectioned. 4. Device according to any one of paragraphs.2, 3, characterized in that the transverse connection (6) and its suspensions, intended for connection to the support-longitudinal beams (4), are constructively combined with each other to form volumes for additional cross connections ballast placements. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the end wall (1, 2) further comprises a crossbeam (9) located on top of the end posts (8) and connected to them with the formation of a detachable connection, having outside resistant seats for interfacing with stops the consoles of the vehicle, and securing the load to the device is carried out by fixing the supporting devices or regular load elements on the longitudinal support beams (4) of the device. 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the additional attachment of the cargo to the device is carried out by its connection with the transverse beams (9) of the end walls (1, 2). 7. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises devices located in the upper part and intended for perception through the end walls (1, 2) of horizontal forces from the stops of the vehicle consoles at least two stop-longitudinal beams (3), in the niches of the end sections of which the ends of the transverse beams (9) of the end walls (1, 2) are installed, and the load is attached to the device by fixing its supporting devices or standard elements on the longitudinal longitudinal beams (3). 8. Device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5, 7, characterized in that the cylindrical surface of each connecting link (12) of the connecting beam (7) of the end wall (1, 2) is installed in the guide semi-cylindrical recess (13) at the base the corresponding end of the rack (8), in contact with its cylindrical surface, and attached to it, forming a one-piece connection. 9. Device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5, 7, characterized in that the cylindrical surfaces of each connecting link (12 ') of the connecting beam (7') of the main end beam are installed with the formation of a detachable connection in the guide grooves made in the upper parts of the lugs (23) of the block (15), in its inner (18) and outer (19) racks. 10. Device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5, 7, characterized in that each of the blocks (15) of the main end beams contains a set of lugs (23) installed parallel to each other between the inner (18) and outer (19) block racks (15). 11. Device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5, 7, characterized in that each of the lugs (23) of the block (15) has a different thickness and design and is made of a typesetting, consisting of at least two different in thickness and design layers. 12. Device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5, 7, characterized in that the middle parts (11, 11 ') of connecting beams (7, 7') of the end wall (1, 2) that are in contact with each other over flat surfaces and the main end of the beam are connected to each other by bolting. 13. Device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5, 7, characterized in that each connecting link (12) of the connecting beam (7) of the end wall (1, 2) with a flat bottom side adjacent to the flat top side of the corresponding connecting the link (12 ') of the connecting beam (7') of the main end beam, has guide holes and cavities, respectively, for cylindrical fingers (21) and stops (22) protruding on the flat side of the corresponding connecting link (12 ') of the connecting beam (7') main end beam. - 13 031212 bridges between support-longitudinal beams (4). - 14 031212 FIG. four FIG. five 14. Device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5, 7, characterized in that the ends of the connecting links (12, 12 ') connecting beams (7, 7') of the end wall (1, 2) and the main end beam, placed pairwise in the cavity (14) of the coupling of the corresponding end section of the corresponding support-longitudinal beam (4), fixed in it with a finger (20). - 15 031212 FIG. eight FIG. 9 FIG. eleven 15. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the additional attachment of the load to the device is carried out due to its connection with the transverse beams (9) of the end walls (1, 2). FIG. one - 16 031212 FIG. 13 FIG. 14 FIG. 15 FIG. sixteen FIG. 17 - 17 031212 FIG. 18 FIG. nineteen Aa FIG. 20 FIG. 21 FIG. 25 - 18031212 FIG. 26 FIG. 27