EA030893B1 - Multi-functional wood-working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is related to wood-working engineering, and can be used for processing timber, primarily in household conditions. The technical result is simplification of the machine design, facilitation of maintenance and improvement of work safety. The machine (1) comprises a bed (2) with a support frame (3), an electric motor (4) with a drive means for driving wood-working tools, a transmission system to transmit the torque from the motor (4), shafts for tools rotation, a working surface (42) with sections that are spaced to provide places for tools and accessories. The machine (1) includes independent rotation shafts (7, 9) for a sawing wood-working tool (19) and a cutter wood-working tool (43), respectively, with a possibility of elimination of simultaneous performance of sawing and planing operations. The drive means for driving the independent shafts (7, 9) has a multiple vee-belt transmission (6) and is provided with a tension gravity-spring device (13) of the drive belt providing automatic tensioning of the belt. The sections of the working surface (42) include a loading table (11) and a sawing table (12). The loading table (11) can be descended lower than the level of the sawing table (12) in the planing mode with simultaneous setting of the required planing depth. The sawing table (12) can be lifted relative to the sawing tool (19) with setting of the required sawing depth, and is provided with a balancing device in the form of a gas shock absorber (14).

Description

The invention relates to woodworking machinery and can be used for processing lumber mainly in the domestic environment. Technical result: simplified design of the machine and maintenance and increased safety of work. The machine (1) includes a frame (2) with a support frame (3), an electric motor (4) with drive means for woodworking tools, a system for transmitting torque from the electric motor (4), rotation shafts for tools, a work surface (42) with sections, which are located with intervals for installation between them of tools and devices. The machine (1) contains independent rotation shafts (7, 9) for saw (19) and knife (43) woodworking tools, respectively, with the possibility of eliminating the simultaneous production of sawing and planing operations. The drive means for independent shafts (7, 9) of rotation is made with a multi-track transmission (6) and is equipped with a tensioning gravity-spring device (13) of a driving belt with the possibility of its automatic tensioning. Sections of the working surface (42) include boot (11) and saw (12) tables. The loading table (11) is made with the possibility of lowering below the level of the saw (12) table in the planing mode with the simultaneous setting of the specified planing depth. The saw (12) table is designed to be raised relative to the saw tool (19) with the installation of a given depth of sawing and is equipped with a balancing device in the form of a gas shock absorber (14).

The invention relates to woodworking machinery and can be used for processing lumber mainly in the domestic environment.

Known multifunctional woodworking machine containing a frame on which is mounted a table consisting of three parts - saw, planing fixed and planing adjustable with the mechanism for adjusting the position of the table [1]. The planer and saw spindles of the machine are connected by means of a belt drive with one electric motor drive. Both parts of the planing table are installed with the possibility of closing over the planing spindle in the same plane with the saw part of the table. The machine additionally contains a saw spindle on the swivel rod to change the blade's projection above the table and is equipped with a mechanism for fixing its position relative to the saw table. The length of the rod of the saw spindle is 0.8-0.9 of the axial distance between the axis of the electric motor and the fixed axis of the planing spindle. The axis of rotation of the connecting rod and the axis of the planing spindle and the electric motor with the base is approximately an isosceles triangle formed by the axes of the planing spindle and the electric motor, with a height of 0.2-0.35 the length of the base.

The disadvantage of the machine is the presence of the spindle on the swivel rod to change the blade over the table, which complicates its design and reduces its operational reliability.

Also known universal woodworking machine, comprising a housing, a desk, a blade shaft with a circular saw and an engine connected to the blade shaft by a belt drive [2]. The machine is equipped with a movable roller mounted parallel to the blade shaft with the possibility of interaction with the treated part of the workpiece and the stop with a spring. The spring is installed with the possibility of interaction with the roller and the stop, and the working table is connected to the body through a mechanism of plane-parallel movement. The movement mechanism is made in the form of a double articulated parallelogram, and the lower surface of the working table is made even with the possibility of feeding blanks on it. The movable roller is installed with a gap on one of the axes of the articulated parallelogram, the spring is mounted on its lever, and the stop is placed on the body. The machine is equipped with an additional spring-loaded roller mounted parallel to the blade shaft with the ability to interact with the untreated part of the workpiece.

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is the implementation of the movement mechanism in the form of a double articulated parallelogram, which reduces the reliability and durability of the machine.

The patent [3] describes a universal woodworking machine with several operations on desktops containing subassemblies with electric motors. The machine includes a drive to the shafts for planing tools, sawing. The frame of the machine contains a stationary and a movable body, made with the possibility of a balanced movement in the perpendicular direction relative to the common axis and the means for the straight-line orientation and alignment of the workpiece on the working table. The machine includes a vertical adjustment mechanism for the thicknessing table, a circular saw and a routing cutter, as well as a movable table for performing the operation with rotating tools.

A disadvantage of the known machine is the difficulty of adjusting the thicknessing table, which makes it difficult to set up for the production operation sawing blanks.

The closest analogue to the invention is a woodworking machine, known from the patent [4], selected as a prototype. The machine comprises a frame with a support frame, an electric motor with drive means for a plurality of rotating woodworking tools, and means for mounting the drive means on said support frame. The drive means includes a system for transmitting torque from the engine to the shaft with the tool. The work surface to support the workpiece contains many sections that are spaced apart for the installation of various tools between them. One of the mentioned sections contains an edge, the edge of which covers one of the specified intervals for the installation of the tool. Fastening means for one of these parts of the section, providing for the movement of the specified one section in the same plane in two directions, perpendicular to each other. Movement in one of these directions, being directed at least from one to another section, the edge of which restricts the opening for installing the specified one tool, as a result of which movement in the specified one direction increases or decreases the size of the hole for the reception of the specified one tool. To perform milling operations, the drive means with the engine are turned 90 ° so that the tool holder takes up the vertical position.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the implementation of the regulatory mechanism for setting the cutting depth of the blade saw and planer by raising and lowering the engine with the driving means, which technologically complicates the restructuring of the machine from one to another operation.

The disadvantage is the design of the tensioning mechanism of the drive means - V-shaped belt system for transmitting torque from the engine to the shaft with the tool.

The disadvantage is that the planer is placed on one drive shaft for planing operations and a circular cutter for cutting blanks, which reduces safety for personnel during one of the planing or sawing operations due to the possibility of injury from arbitrary contact with another tool, which simultaneously rotates at idle.

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The objective of the invention is to eliminate the noted disadvantages and the creation of a machine with improved technical characteristics.

The technical result of the invention is to simplify the design of the machine and maintenance, as well as improving the safety of the work.

The technical result is achieved in that the woodworking machine multifunctional, including a frame with a support frame, an electric motor with a drive means for woodworking tools and a system for transmitting torque from the engine to the shaft of rotation for these tools, the working surface with sections that are spaced between them tools and accessories, according to the invention, contains independent rotation shafts for the saw and knife woodworking tools ntov, which are mounted with the ability to exclude simultaneous operations of cutting and planing, and the means for driving the rotation from the electric motor to the indicated rotation shafts are made with a multi-link transmission and are equipped with a tensioning gravity-spring drive belt device with the possibility of automatic tensioning; the working surface section includes the loading and sawing tables, while the loading table is made with the possibility of lowering below the saw table in the planing mode with simultaneous installation of a given depth of planing, and the saw table is designed with the possibility of lifting relative to the woodworking tool - a saw disk with a setting of a given depth of cutting and Equipped with a balancing device.

Tension gravitational-spring device contains a traction spring, and as a gravitational tension element includes an electric motor drive means, the weight of which, together with the elastic force of the traction spring, provides the tension of the drive belt of the V-belt transmission.

The devices contain a removable protective casing of the knife shaft and a protective casing with a wedging knife for a saw tool on the saw shaft, as well as a guide bar, made with the possibility of mounting with a slope at a given angle to the working surface, and a device for cross-cutting at an angle, which are mounted on the corresponding sections of the working surface.

As a device may contain a clamping device mounted on the saw table in planing mode.

The device for balancing the saw table is made in the form of a gas shock absorber, which is mounted on the side surface of the bed.

The invention is illustrated by the drawings in FIG. 1-5.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general form of the machine.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a general view of a machine with a clamping device.

FIG. 3 - view of the machine from the installation of a multi-link transmission with a tension gravity-spring device.

FIG. 4 - a fragment of the type of machine with a device for cutting at an angle.

FIG. 5 - a fragment view of the machine with a device for balancing the saw table.

The machine 1 contains a bed 2, a support frame 3, an electric motor 4 with a driving pulley 5, a drive in the form of a multi-link transmission 6, an independent rotation shaft 7 with a driven pulley 8 for the saw blade and an independent rotation shaft 9 with a driven pulley 10 for the knife woodworking tools; sections of the working surface 42 in the form of a boot 11 and saw 12 tables with intervals for the installation of woodworking tools and accessories; tensioning gravitational-spring device 13 of the drive belt of the multi-timer transmission 6; a balancing device in the form of a gas shock absorber 14 of the table saw 12, mounted on the side surface of the bed 2; accessories for the machine 1 include a removable protective casing 16 for an independent rotary blade shaft 9, a protective casing 17 with a wedging knife 18 for a saw tool 19 (circular saw) on the saw shaft 7, a guide bar 20, a device 21 for cross-cutting at an angle, which are mounted on the corresponding sections of the working surface 42 - boot 11 and saw 12 tables, the clamping device 22, mounted on the saw 12 table in planing mode.

The multifunctional woodworking machine provides processing of wood blanks (plywood, chipboard, etc.) by sawing, planing (fugovaniem), milling to give them the necessary shapes and sizes. It is also possible to perform the operation of sawing blanks across the fibers at an angle using the device 21 for transverse sawing. Preparations for processing are fed to the machine manually. The operation of the machine, its on-off, produce a pushbutton switch 39 mounted on the cover of the switching box of the electric motor 4.

To perform a specific operation, pre-make the appropriate setup of the machine. Before performing the planing operation of blanks on the plate, edges and at an angle (on the edges), the following settings of the machine 1 are made. belt polyclinical transmission 6 and install it on the pulley 10 of the knife shaft,

- 2 030893 then the casing 24 is installed in place, then, using a gravity-spring device 13, the drive belt is automatically tensioned by the weight of the electric motor 4 and the tension spring 15. Then, rotating the handle 29 under the loading table 11, move (lower raise) its relative saw blade 12 table and set a predetermined depth of planing (0 3 mm) according to the ruler 30. Next, install a removable protective casing 16 for fencing the rotating knife shaft 9 with a knife tool 43, to do this, move the protective cover 16 in the bracket 31 and fix it with the handle 32. If the planing width is less than 200 mm, then the protective cover 16 should cover the non-working part of the rotating knife shaft. To align the workpiece with respect to the knife shaft 9, a guide bar 20 is used, which is fixed by two handles 34 in the side grooves (not shown) of the saw table 12 of the machine 1. The ruler 20 can be installed either perpendicular to the saw table 12, or at an angle and provides rectilinear movement of the workpiece and planing operations at an angle to the edge of the workpiece. To install the ruler 20 at an angle, it is necessary to loosen the fastening of the two handles 33, set it on a scale to the required angle and tighten the handles 33.

When planing long workpieces, to ensure the accuracy of processing, a pressure device 21 is used, which is mounted on the saw table 12 and is kept in a predetermined position during the manual feeding of the workpiece to planing.

To perform the operation of sawing up the workpieces along and across the fibers on the machine 1, unscrew the handle 23, fixing the casing 24 and turn it to the side, then pulling up the handle 28, loosen the belt tension, install the drive belt of the multi-track gear 6 and the pulley 8 of the saw shaft 7 and further set the casing 24 in place, while the gravitational-spring device 13 provides the automatic tension of the drive belt under the action of the weight of the electric motor 4 and the tension spring 15. Then install the guide line 2 0 and regulate the depth of cutting the workpiece, by raising the saw table 12 and its installation relative to the saw tool 19 (disk or cutter) using the locking knobs 40.

Sawing blanks across the fibers at an angle produced using the device 21 for transverse cutting (see. Fig. 4), for this it is rotated on an axis relative to the saw tool 19, set and fixed both perpendicular to the saw tool 19 and at an angle from -45 to + 45 ° to it. Set the required sawing angle on a scale of 35, turning the device 21 on the saw table 12, and fix it on the base 37 with the handle 36. In the process of cutting, press the workpiece (not shown) to the stop 38 on the device 21 and move it along the guide 41 towards the saw tool 19 evenly and without jerks.

In the cutting mode on the machine 1, it is also possible to mill the workpieces, for which the saw tool 19 (circular saw) is replaced with a disk cutter (not shown) according to the machine’s instruction manual.

Information sources:

1) EA No. 201400095 A1, 02.12.2013.

2) RU No. 2044629 C1, 09/27/1995.

3) DE No. 3333981 A1, 03/29/1984.

4) US No. 4546804, 10/15/1985 (prototype).

Claims (5)

CLAIM 1. Machine (1) woodworking multipurpose, comprising a frame (2) with a support frame (3), an electric motor (4) with drive means for woodworking tools and a system for transmitting torque from the electric motor (4) to the rotation shaft for the specified tools, working surface (42) with sections, which are located with intervals for installation of tools and devices between them, characterized in that it contains independent rotation shafts (7, 9) for the saw (19) and knife (43) woodworking tools, which not mounted with the possibility of eliminating the simultaneous production of sawing and planing operations, and the means for driving the rotation from the electric motor (4) to the specified independent rotation shafts (7, 9) are made with a V-belt drive (6) and equipped with a tension-spring-tension device with the possibility of automatic tension; sections of the working surface (42) include the loading (11) and saw (12) tables, while the loading (11) table is made with the possibility of lowering below the saw (12) table in the planing mode with simultaneous installation of the specified depth of planing, and the saw (12 ) the table is made with the possibility of lifting relative to the woodworking tool with the installation of a given cutting depth and is equipped with a balancing device (14). 2. Woodworking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the tension gravity-spring device (13) contains a traction spring (15), and as a gravitational tension element includes an electric motor (4) drive means, the weight of which, together with the elastic force of the traction spring, provides tension drive belt for polyclinic transmission (6). - 3 030893 3. Woodworking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, as devices, it contains a removable protective casing (16) of an independent knife (9) shaft and a protective casing (17) with a wedging knife (18) for the saw tool (19) on the saw ( 7) the shaft, as well as the guide ruler (20), made with the possibility of mounting with an inclination at a given angle to the working surface (42), and a device (21) for transverse cutting at an angle, which are mounted on the corresponding sections of the working surface (42). 4. Woodworking machine according to any one of claims 1 and 3, characterized in that it contains a clamping device (22) mounted on a saw (12) table in planing mode as a device. 5. Woodworking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for balancing the saw (12) table is made in the form of a gas shock absorber (14), which is mounted on the side surface of the frame (2). FIG. one FIG. 2 FIG. 3 - 4 030893 FIG. four FIG. five