EA003594B1 - Method, device and multiple-layer non-woven fibre for bonding non-woven fibre produced by the air-lay method - Google Patents

Method, device and multiple-layer non-woven fibre for bonding non-woven fibre produced by the air-lay method Download PDF

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Publication number
EA003594B1
EA003594B1 EA200200773A EA200200773A EA003594B1 EA 003594 B1 EA003594 B1 EA 003594B1 EA 200200773 A EA200200773 A EA 200200773A EA 200200773 A EA200200773 A EA 200200773A EA 003594 B1 EA003594 B1 EA 003594B1
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Eurasian Patent Office
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air
woven fabric
hydrodynamic
laying
layer
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EA200200773A
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Russian (ru)
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EA200200773A1 (en
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Герольд Фляйсснер
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Фляйсснер Гмбх Унд Ко.Машиненфабрик
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D04H1/49—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation entanglement by fluid jet in combination with another consolidation means
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/407—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties containing absorbing substances, e.g. activated carbon
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/425—Cellulose series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/498—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres entanglement of layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/556—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving by infrared heating
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/732—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by fluid current, e.g. air-lay
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H18/00—Needling machines
    • D04H18/04—Needling machines with water jets

Abstract

1. Method for strengthening a non-woven fabric, which has been produced according to the air-lay method, comprising two outer layers made of cut, thermally activatable fibres and one layer made of cellulose fibres, such as super-absorbent pulp, which is disposed between these outer layers, through continuous forming of initially the lower layer, then overlaying with the pulp layer and finally the top layer, characterised in that the two outer layers of the composite non-woven fabric are formed from fibres, which are from 8 to 10 mm maximum in length, and the three-layered non-woven fabric is subjected to a hydrodynamic needling process for the strengthening, that is to say also for the intimate bonding of the layers, which are laid solely according to the air-lay method. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that in addition to the strengthening by means of the hydrodynamic needling process, the composite non-woven fabric, which is formed solely according to the air-lay method, is treated by means of a thermal strengthening process. 3. Method according to claim 2, characterised in that the term thermal strengthening includes the treatment of the non-woven fabric, which is formed solely according to the air-lay method, with every type of heat treatment, namely heat treatment, for example, with hot air, more especially through-ventilation, with infra-red, with calendering. 4. Method according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the composite non-woven fabric, which is formed solely according to the air-lay method, is thermally treated before and/or after the water needling process for strengthening. 5. Method according to one of the claims 2-4, characterised in that the thermal strengthening together with the drying of the non-woven fabric, which is formed solely according to the air-lay method, is executed after the water needling process. 6. Method according to one of claims 2-5, characterised in that at the end of the strengthening process, the composite non-woven fabric, which is formed solely according to the air-lay method, is calibrated again. 7. Method according to one of claims 1-6, characterised in that the hydrodynamic treatment is executed on both sides of the composite non-woven fabric, which is formed solely according to the air-lay method. 8. Device for executing the method in accordance with one of claims 1-7, comprising the following disposed one after the other in a line a) at least three moulding heads working according to the air-lay method, one for the first layer made of thermally activatable fibres with a fibre length from 8 to 10 mm maximum, one for the pulp and one for the top surface layer again for the thermally activatable fibres with a fibre length of from 8 to 10 mm maximum, and a b) non-woven fabric strengthening unit, which comprises a hydrodynamic needling device (6, 7) and a drier (8). 9. Device according to claim 8, characterised in that upstream of the device for the hydrodynamic needling of a composite non-woven fabric, which is formed solely according to the air-lay method, c) is disposed a device (5) for the thermal strengthening. 10. Device according to claim 8 or 9, characterised in that downstream of the device for the hydrodynamic needling of a composite non-woven fabric, which is formed solely according to the air-lay method, d) is disposed a device (8) for the thermal strengthening. 11. Device according to claim 10, characterised in that the device (8) for the thermal strengthening of a composite non-woven fabric, which is formed solely according to the air-lay method, is provided after the hydrodynamic needling initially for the drying of the non-woven fabric. 12. Device according to one of claims 8-11, characterised in that a calibrating device (9) is provided as the last unit for treating the composite non-woven fabric, which is formed solely according to the air-lay method. 13. Multi-layered composite non-woven fabric comprising two outer layers, which are formed in accordance with the air-lay method from fusion adhesive fibres, which are from 8 to 10 mm maximum in length, such as more especially double component fibres or and other fibres, such as high polymer fibres, between which layers is laid a further layer made of super-absorbent pulp, which is also produced according to the air-lay method, wherein this composite non-woven fabric, which is formed solely according to the air-lay method, is strengthened by means of the hydrodynamic needling.

Description

В основе изобретения лежит задача отыскать решение, из какого волокна составлять такой нетканый материал при использовании способа воздушной укладки, и затем каким образом упрочнять этот материал, чтобы в том числе предотвратить возможность его расслаивания.The basis of the invention is the task of finding a solution of which fiber to make such a non-woven material when using the method of air laying, and then how to strengthen this material, in order to prevent the possibility of delamination.

Исходя из способа, при котором для упрочнения изготовленного согласно способу воздушной укладки нетканого материала, состоящего из двух внешних слоев из нарезанных термически активируемых волокон и размещенного между ними слоя из волокон целлюлозы, например, сверхпоглощающей целлюлозной массы, путем непрерывного формирования сначала нижнего слоя, затем наложения слоя целлюлозной массы и, наконец, верхнего слоя, предусматривается только термическая обработка, в соответствии с изобретением предлагается прежде всего формировать оба внешних слоя композиционного нетканого материала из волокон длиной от 8 до максимум 10 мм и затем трехслойный нетканый материал для упрочнения, а также для внутреннего соединения уложенных согласно способу воздушной укладки слоев подвергать гидродинамическому иглопрокалыванию. Предпочтительным образом при этом создается многослойный композиционный материал, состоящий из двух внешних образованных способом воздушной укладки слоев из расплавляемых клеящих волокон, например, из двукомпонентных волокон и/или других волокон, как, например, из высокополимерных волокон, между которыми уложен еще один слой из сверхпоглощающего материала, также укладываемый способом воздушной укладки, причем этот образованный способом воздушной укладки композиционный нетканый материал упрочняется гидродинамическим прокалыванием.Based on the method in which, in order to harden a nonwoven fabric made according to the method of air-laying, it consists of two outer layers of chopped thermally activated fibers and a layer of cellulose fibers, for example, super-absorbent cellulose pulp, placed between them, by continuously forming first the lower layer, then applying layer of pulp and, finally, the upper layer, only heat treatment is provided, in accordance with the invention it is proposed first of all to form both The external layers of a composite nonwoven fabric made from fibers with a length of 8 to a maximum of 10 mm and then a three-layer nonwoven fabric are subjected to hydrodynamic needle piercing for hardening, as well as for the internal connection of layers laid according to the method of air laying. In a preferred way, a multilayer composite material is created, consisting of two outer layers formed by a method of aerial laying of melted adhesive fibers, for example, of bicomponent fibers and / or other fibers, such as, for example, high polymer fibers, between which another layer of super absorbent is laid material, also laid by the method of air laying, and this formed by the method of air laying composite non-woven material is hardened by hydrodynamic piercing .

Этот способ составления нетканого материала из покровных слоев и метод упрочнения посредством гидродинамического иглопрокалывания гарантирует поверхность, свободную от пиллинга и пухоотделения, которая вместе с тем является проницаемой для жидкости и может покрывать усиленный поглощающий слой целлюлозной массы. Оба внешних слоя нетканого материала такого рода в значительной степени упрочняются за счет гидродинамического иглопрокалывания, а также связываются со слоем целлюлозной массы, что устраняет ламинирование волокон после упрочнения. Для обеспечения достаточного упрочнения покровных слоев предпочтительнее обрабатывать оба слоя путем гидродинамического упрочнения, т.е. подвергать иглопрокалыванию композиционный нетканый материал с обеих сторон.This method of compiling the nonwoven material from the coating layers and the method of hardening by means of hydrodynamic needle piercing guarantees a surface free of pilling and fluff separation, which at the same time is liquid permeable and can cover the reinforced absorbent pulp layer. Both outer layers of a nonwoven fabric of this kind are substantially hardened by hydrodynamic needle piercing, and are also bonded to a pulp layer, which eliminates fiber lamination after hardening. To ensure sufficient hardening of the coating layers, it is preferable to treat both layers by hydrodynamic hardening, i.e. needle-piercing composite non-woven material on both sides.

Собственно одно только гидродинамическое иглопрокалывание композиционного нетканого материала известно из патента US-A-5 413 849. Там укладываются внешние слои, но из кардного прочеса, т. е. из штапельных волокон значительной длины, а средний слой состоит из эластомерных бесконечных волокон, придающих стабильность всему композиционному нетканому материалу. Внешние слои кардного прочеса из штапельных волокон могут частично быть заменены короткими волокнами целлюлозной массы, которые также могут укладываться способом воздушной укладки. Подобное имеет место и в решении, известном из WO 92/08834. В этом решении смесь из штапельных волокон и волокон целлюлозной массы подвергается гидродинамическому иглопрокалыванию, причем о длине волокон нет никаких сведений, во всяком случае волокна не укладываются способом воздушной укладки.Actually, only the hydrodynamic needle piercing of a composite non-woven material is known from US-A-5 413 849. The outer layers are laid there, but from the carding, that is, from staple fibers of considerable length, and the middle layer consists of endless elastomeric fibers that give stability all composite non-woven material. The outer layers of the carded web of staple fibers can be partially replaced by short fibers of the pulp, which can also be laid by the method of air laying. A similar situation occurs in the solution known from WO 92/08834. In this solution, a mixture of staple fibers and pulp fibers is subjected to hydrodynamic needle-piercing, and there is no information about the length of the fibers, in any case, the fibers are not laid by air laying.

Расплавляющиеся клеящие волокна для дальнейшего соединения друг с другом обрабатываются путем нагрева. Нагрев дополнительно влияет на гладкость поверхности нетканого материала. При этом двухкомпонентные волокна имеют особое преимущество, потому что они при обработке путем нагрева сохраняются в качестве собственно волокна, в то время как обычные расплавляющиеся клеящие волокна расплавляются и могут дать усадку, что является недостатком при формировании прочной поверхности. Эта операция по нагреву расплавляющихся клеящих волокон известна из US-A-5 240 764, однако не в связи с двухкомпонентными волокнами. Обработка нагревом может производиться различным способом, существенным является хорошее связывание волокон на поверхности и поперек покровного нетканого материала.Hot melt adhesive fibers are further processed by heating. Heating further affects the smoothness of the surface of the nonwoven material. At the same time, bicomponent fibers have a particular advantage, because they are preserved as the actual fiber during processing by heating, while ordinary melting adhesive fibers melt and can shrink, which is a disadvantage when forming a strong surface. This operation for heating fusible adhesive fibers is known from US-A-5,240,764, but not in connection with bicomponent fibers. The heat treatment can be carried out in various ways, the essential is good bonding of the fibers on the surface and across the coating non-woven material.

Устройство, соответствующее изобретению, иллюстрируется на чертежах, с помощью которых поясняются и другие детали, соответствующие изобретению, и на которых представлено следующее.The device corresponding to the invention is illustrated in the drawings, by which other details corresponding to the invention are explained, and on which the following is presented.

Фиг. 1 - вид сбоку проходной установки для изготовления и упрочнения сухого изготовленного методом воздушной укладки нетканого материала и фиг. 2 - установка, подобная показанной на фиг. 1, без термосвязывания после осуществления способа укладки.FIG. 1 is a side view of a feed through apparatus for manufacturing and hardening a dry nonwoven fabric manufactured by the method of air laying, and FIG. 2 is a setup similar to that shown in FIG. 1, without thermal bonding after the implementation of the styling method.

Сначала из штапельных волокон и целлюлозной массы образуют нетканый материал. Штапельные волокна должны быть нарезаны на такую малую длину, чтобы их можно было уложить методом воздушной укладки, т. е. они имеют длину от 8 до максимум 10 мм. Формовочную головку 1 загружают затем штапельными волокнами для формирования основного слоя нетканого материала. Штапельные волокна представляют собой такие волокна, которые под действием нагрева должны приводить к склеиванию. Предпочтительными в данном случае являются в особенности двухкомпонентные волокна, преимущество которых состоит в том, что они под действием нагрева не дают усадку, а сохраняют свою форму волокна. На этот основной нетканый материал, образованный с помощью формовочной головки 1, затем наносят друг на друга слой целлюлозной массы с помощью формовочной головки 2, а в необходимом случае - более толстый слой целлюлозной массы с помощью еще одной не показанной на чертеже формовочной головки и еще один верхний покровный слой из штапельных волокон. Этот композиционный нетканый материал 4 необходимо теперь упрочнить, что до сих пор осуществлялось только посредством термосклеивания.First, non-woven material is formed from staple fibers and pulp. The staple fibers must be cut to such a short length that they can be laid by the method of aerial styling, i.e. they have a length of 8 to a maximum of 10 mm. The molding head 1 is then loaded with staple fibers to form a base layer of non-woven material. Staple fibers are fibers that, when heated, should result in bonding. In this case, particularly preferred are bicomponent fibers, the advantage of which is that they do not shrink under the influence of heating, but retain their fiber shape. This core nonwoven material formed by the forming head 1 is then applied to each other with a layer of pulp using a forming head 2, and, if necessary, a thicker layer of pulp with another molding head not shown in the drawing and another the top cover layer of staple fibers. This composite non-woven material 4 must now be strengthened, which so far has been carried out only by means of thermal bonding.

В установке, показанной на фиг. 1, нетканый материал 4 сначала предварительно упрочняют посредством нагрева в устройстве 5. Это может осуществляться посредством горячего воздуха (вентиляцией), а также воздействием инфракрасными лучами или каландрированием. Эти меры предварительного упрочнения имеют преимущество, заключающееся в лучшем замыкании поверхности покровных слоев, что может предотвратить значительные потери целлюлозной массы при последующем иглопрокалывании. В установке по фиг. 2 отказались от этого предварительного упрочнения под действием нагрева. В зависимости от волокна и прочих условий, можно, таким образом, отказаться от предварительного упрочнения.In the installation shown in FIG. 1, the nonwoven fabric 4 is first hardened first by heating in the device 5. This can be done by means of hot air (ventilation), as well as exposure to infrared rays or calendering. These measures of preliminary hardening have the advantage of better closing the surface of the coating layers, which can prevent significant loss of pulp during subsequent needle-piercing. In the installation of FIG. 2 abandoned this preliminary hardening under the influence of heating. Depending on the fiber and other conditions, it is thus possible to forego preliminary hardening.

Затем композиционный нетканый материал 4 подвергают гидродинамическому иглопрокалыванию. Так как в данном случае речь идет о нетканом материале с двусторонним покровным слоем, то целесообразно проводить упрочнение с помощью водных струй с обеих сторон. Поэтому на чертежах устройство иглопрокалывания показано с двумя барабанами 6 и 7, что означает, что нетканый материал должен транспортироваться вокруг барабанов по меандровой форме для обеспечения двустороннего воздействия водными струями. Упрочнение водными струями оказывает влияние не только на поверхность композиционного нетканого материала, но и на сцепление слоев на большей глубине, в результате чего впоследствии не происходит расслаивания отдельных слоев нетканого материала.Then, the composite nonwoven material 4 is subjected to hydrodynamic needle piercing. Since in this case we are talking about non-woven material with a double-sided coating layer, it is advisable to carry out hardening using water jets on both sides. Therefore, in the drawings, the needle piercing device is shown with two drums 6 and 7, which means that the non-woven material must be transported around the drums in a meander shape to provide two-way exposure to water jets. Hardening with water jets affects not only the surface of the composite nonwoven material, but also the adhesion of the layers to a greater depth, as a result of which the subsequent separation of individual layers of nonwoven material does not occur.

После упрочнения композиционного нетканого материала и связывания слоев друг с другом посредством водных струй нетканый материал высушивают. Для этого предпочтительно использовать вентиляционный сушитель 8, например, сушитель на барабанном сите. В заключение нетканый материал может еще калиброваться с помощью устройства 9, как показано только в установке по фиг. 2.After hardening the composite nonwoven material and bonding the layers to each other by means of water jets, the nonwoven material is dried. For this, it is preferable to use a ventilation dryer 8, for example, a dryer on a drum sieve. In conclusion, the nonwoven fabric can still be calibrated using the device 9, as shown only in the installation of FIG. 2.

Данный способ изготовления композиционного нетканого материала является весьма экономичным, так как может осуществляться с более высокими скоростями, например в диапазоне 400-500 м/мин. Может быть изготовлено изделие с высокой поглощающей способностью с удельной массой в пределах 40 - 100 г/м2, так как обеспечена возможность укладки толстого слоя целлюлозной массы. При этом покровные слои по сравнению со слоем целлюлозной массы должны быть тонкими и могут составлять, например, 10 г/м2, в то время как слой целлюлозной массы может быть тяжелым и составлять 60 г/м2. За счет комбинации термосклеивания и гидродинамического иглопрокалывания не только поверхность становится свободной от пиллингообразования и пухоотделения, но и обеспечивается упрочнение нетканого материала, что затрудняет отделение слоев нетканого материала.This method of manufacturing a composite nonwoven material is very economical, as it can be carried out at higher speeds, for example in the range of 400-500 m / min. A product with a high absorption capacity with a specific gravity in the range of 40-100 g / m 2 can be manufactured, since it is possible to lay a thick layer of pulp. In this case, the coating layers in comparison with the pulp layer must be thin and can be, for example, 10 g / m 2 , while the pulp layer can be heavy and 60 g / m 2 . Due to the combination of thermal bonding and hydrodynamic needle piercing, not only does the surface become free from pilling and fluff separation, but also the hardening of the nonwoven material is provided, which makes it difficult to separate the layers of nonwoven material.

Claims (13)

1. Способ упрочнения изготовленного способом воздушной укладки нетканого материала, состоящего из двух внешних слоев из нарезанных термически активируемых волокон и размещенного между ними слоя из целлюлозных волокон в виде сверхпоглощающей целлюлозной массы, путем непрерывного образования сначала нижнего слоя, затем наложения слоя целлюлозной массы и, наконец, верхнего слоя, отличающийся тем, что оба внешних слоя композиционного нетканого материала выполняют из волокон длиной от 8 до максимум 10 мм и трехслойный нетканый материал для упрочнения, а также для внутреннего связывания слоев, уложенных способом воздушной укладки, подвергают гидродинамическому иглопрокалыванию.1. A method of hardening a nonwoven fabric made by an air-laying method, consisting of two outer layers of chopped thermally activated fibers and a cellulosic fiber layer interposed between them in the form of a superabsorbent pulp, by continuously forming a lower layer first, then applying a pulp layer, and finally , the upper layer, characterized in that both outer layers of the composite non-woven material are made of fibers from 8 to a maximum of 10 mm long and a three-layer non-woven material for prochneniya, as well as for internal bonding layers stacked airlaid method is subjected to a hydrodynamic needling. 2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что дополнительно к упрочнению посредством гидродинамического иглопрокалывания композиционный нетканый материал только после его изготовления способом воздушной укладки обрабатывают посредством термического упрочнения.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in addition to hardening by means of hydrodynamic needle piercing, a composite non-woven material is treated only by heat-hardening after it has been manufactured by air laying. 3. Способ по п.2, отличающийся тем, что термическое упрочнение включает обработку изготовленного способом воздушной укладки композиционного нетканого материала любым способом тепловой обработки, в том числе, например, горячим воздухом, в частности вентиляцией, инфракрасным излучением, каландрированием.3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the thermal hardening comprises processing the composite nonwoven fabric made by the method of air laying using any heat treatment method, including, for example, hot air, in particular ventilation, infrared radiation, calendaring. 4. Способ по п.2 или 3, отличающийся тем, что изготовленный способом воздушной укладки композиционный нетканый материал подвергают термической обработке для упрочнения перед и/или после гидродинамического иглопрокалывания.4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the composite non-woven material made by the method of air laying is subjected to heat treatment to harden before and / or after hydrodynamic needle piercing. 5. Способ по любому из пп.2-4, отличающийся тем, что термическое упрочнение вместе с сушкой изготовленного лишь способом воздушной укладки композиционного нетканого материала проводят после гидродинамического иглопрокалывания.5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the thermal hardening together with drying of the composite nonwoven fabric made only by the method of air laying is carried out after hydrodynamic needle piercing. 6. Способ по любому из пп.2-5, отличающийся тем, что в завершение упрочнения изготовленный способом воздушной укладки композиционный нетканый материал дополнительно калибруют.6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that at the end of the hardening, the composite nonwoven fabricated by the method of air laying is further calibrated. 7. Способ по любому из пп.1-6, отличающийся тем, что гидродинамическую обработку проводят с обеих сторон изготовленного способом воздушной укладки композиционного нетканого материала.7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the hydrodynamic treatment is carried out on both sides of the composite nonwoven fabric made by the method of air laying. 8. Устройство для осуществления способа по любому из пп.1-7, содержащее расположенные последовательно друг за другом8. A device for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, containing located in series with each other а) по меньшей мере, три формовочные головки, работающие по способу воздушной укладки, одна из которых предназначена для укладки первого слоя из термически активируемых волокон с длиной волокон от 8 до максимум 10 мм, другая предназначена для укладки слоя целлюлозной массы и еще одна - для укладки верхнего покровного слоя вновь из термически активируемых волокон с длиной волокон от 8 до максимум 10 мм, иa) at least three molding heads, working by the method of air laying, one of which is intended for laying the first layer of thermally activated fibers with a fiber length of 8 to a maximum of 10 mm, the other is intended for laying a layer of pulp and one more for laying the top cover layer again from thermally activated fibers with a fiber length of 8 to a maximum of 10 mm, and b) агрегат для упрочнения нетканого материала, который состоит из устройства для гидродинамического иглопрокалывания (6, 7) и сушителя (8).b) a unit for hardening non-woven material, which consists of a device for hydrodynamic needle piercing (6, 7) and a dryer (8). 9. Устройство по п.8, отличающееся тем, что перед устройством для гидродинамического иглопрокалывания изготовленного способом воздушной укладки композиционного нетканого материала размещено9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that in front of the device for hydrodynamic needle-piercing of the composite nonwoven fabric made by the method of air laying c) устройство (5) для термического упрочнения.c) a device (5) for thermal hardening. 10. Устройство по п.8 или 9, отличающееся тем, что после устройства для гидродинамического иглопрокалывания изготовленного способом воздушной укладки композиционного нетканого материала размещено10. The device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that after the device for hydrodynamic needle piercing made by the method of air laying of the composite non-woven material is placed d) устройство (8) для термического упрочнения.d) device (8) for thermal hardening. 11. Устройство по п.10, отличающееся тем, что устройство (8) для термического упрочнения изготовленного способом воздушной укладки композиционного нетканого материала предусмотрено прежде всего для сушки нетканого материала.11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the device (8) for the thermal hardening of the composite nonwoven fabricated by the method of air laying is provided primarily for drying the nonwoven material. 12. Устройство по любому из пп.8-11, отличающееся тем, что в качестве последнего агрегата для обработки изготовленного способом воздушной укладки композиционного нетканого материала установлено калибровочное устройство (9).12. A device according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that a calibration device (9) is installed as the last unit for processing the composite nonwoven fabricated by the method of air laying. 13. Многослойный композиционный нетканый материал, состоящий из двух изготовленных способом воздушной укладки внешних слоев из расплавляемых клеящих волокон с длиной в диапазоне от 8 до максимум 10 мм, в особенности двухкомпонентных волокон или/и других волокон, таких как высокополимерные волокна, между которым также способом воздушной укладки уложен еще один слой из сверхпоглощающей целлюлозной массы, причем данный изготовленный только способом воздушной укладки композиционный нетканый материал упрочнен посредством гидродинамического иглопрокалывания.13. A multilayer composite non-woven material, consisting of two outer layers made from a method of melt-laying of molten adhesive fibers with a length in the range of 8 to a maximum of 10 mm, in particular bicomponent fibers and / or other fibers, such as high polymer fibers, between which also another layer of superabsorbent cellulosic pulp is laid in the air, moreover, this composite non-woven fabric made only by the air-laying method is hardened by hydrodynamic of needling.
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