DK174785B1

DK174785B1 - Fish head cutting device providing improved yield of meat - has transport track for moving while pressing head bone to beam for removal of tongue by the horizontal cutting knife

Info

Publication number: DK174785B1
Application number: DK199200558A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Arni Matthias Sigurdsson
Original assignee: Arni Matthias Sigurdsson
Priority date: 1991-04-29
Filing date: 1992-04-29
Publication date: 2003-11-10
Also published as: IS3697A7; IS1545B; NO175232B; NO921657D0; CA2067551A1; CA2067551C; DK55892D0; NO175232C; DK55892A; NO921657L

Abstract

Fish heads are moved along a transport track, passing through the mouth of the head, by a transport mechanism, which presses the head bone to the track. Cutting knives are mounted in a plane parallel to the direction of motion of the head to cut into the transport space of the head to create cuts in the direction of motion. At least one of the knives is a knife mounted below the beam which cuts the tongue from the head. Spring loaded jaw rods hold the jaw of the head up to the transport beam while a curved member presses the tongue down into cutting engagement with the knife. Rods support the belly flap and collar bones of the head away from knife. Subsequently, vertical knives cut the cheeks and belly flaps from the head to allow the head to be removed from the transport beam. Also claimed are machines which only cut tongues, only cut cheeks or only cut belly flaps from fish heads.

Description

Opfindelsen angår en maskine til partering af fiskehoveder af den i krav 11 s indledning anførte art.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a machine for pairing fish heads of the kind set forth in claim 11.

i DK 174785 B1in DK 174785 B1

Forbedret fangstteknik og øget fangst har medført formindskning af fiskebestanden, hvilket kræver bedre udnyttelse af fangsten.Improved fishing techniques and increased catch have led to a reduction in fish stocks, which requires better utilization of the catch.

5 Islandske opfindere har siden 1981 udviklet maskiner til partering af fiskehoveder eller den forreste del af fisk. I 1986 blev der foreslået en maskine med en indespændt bjælke til anbringelse i hovedets mund under dens gane og med overliggende transporthjul. Dette transportudstyr kaldes en ganebjælke. I 1987 10 blev foreslået at anbringe en pigkæde over ganebjælken, hvorved transportbanen blev forlænget. Over ganebjælken var der to knive, som dannede en vinkel på 60° og skar hovedskallen fra hovedet, hvorved der fremkom et produkt, som kaldes "kinder" eller "ansigter" indbefattende tungen, begge kinder, kæben og alle hosliggen-15 de ben. På denne måde er der i dag kendt at opskære store torskehoveder, helt op til 5 kg, hvor der skæres imellem nøglebenene (fiskeslagene eller bugdelene adskilles).5 Icelandic inventors have since 1981 developed machines for parting of fish heads or the front of fish. In 1986, a machine with a recessed beam was proposed for placement in the mouth of the head under its palate and with overhead transport wheels. This transport equipment is called a gooseneck. In 1987 10 it was proposed to place a bar of chain over the girder bar, thereby extending the conveyor path. Above the palate, there were two knives which formed an angle of 60 ° and cut the skull from the head, producing a product called "cheeks" or "faces" including the tongue, both cheeks, jaw, and all the adjacent legs. In this way, it is known today to cut large cod heads, up to 5 kg, which are cut between the clavicles (the fish strokes or the bow parts are separated).

Laks har et lille hoved, sædvanligvis 1 kg, tungen er lille, og kinderne er små, men fiskeslagene eller bugdelene af den forreste 20 del eller hovedet er forholdsvis store og ikke skåret mellem nøglebenene (fiskeslagene hænger sammen) . I 1990 var der konstrueret tre maskiner til at oparbejde den forreste del af laks, en maskine til at opskære og flå den forreste del af fisk (islandsk patentansøgning nr. 3596) , en maskine til rensning af hovedskallen, 25 ryg, gæller og organer af den forreste del og omfattende en U-formet indespændt bjælke, hvor gællerne og organerne blev transporteret ind i den U-formede bjælke og fremad langs denne (islandsk patentansøgning nr. 3597) , og en maskine til at oparbejde fiskeslag fra den forreste del med hel nøglebensring (nøg-30 lebensforbindelsen ikke skåret) , og hvor bjælken er U-formet med en kniv ved spidsen, som skærer gennem hovedet under tungen 2 DK 17Æ7a5 B1 (islandsk patentansøgning nr. 3638) . Gællelåg og kinder løftes op af en hældende skråflade, og fiskeslagene skæres af vandrette knive ved bjælkens øverste kant. I disse ansøgninger er der beskrevet parteringsmetoder for bundfisk.Salmon has a small head, usually 1 kg, tongue small and cheeks small, but the fish strokes or the abdominal portions of the front 20 or head are relatively large and not cut between the clavicles (the fish strokes are related). In 1990, three machines were constructed to work the front of salmon, one to cut and peel the front of fish (Icelandic Patent Application No. 3596), one to clean the main shell, 25 backs, gills and organs of the front portion and comprising a U-shaped clamped beam, where the gills and organs were transported into the U-shaped beam and forward along it (Icelandic Patent Application No. 3597), and a machine for processing fish strokes from the front portion in full clavicle ring (key 30 lobe connection not cut) and where the beam is U-shaped with a knife at the tip, which cuts through the head under the tongue 2 DK 17Æ7a5 B1 (Icelandic Patent Application No. 3638). Gill lids and cheeks are lifted by a sloping slope, and the fish strokes are cut by horizontal knives at the top edge of the beam. These applications describe mating methods for bottom fish.

5 Det er også kendt at placere fiskehovedet i en slags klemme eller skruestik og bore kinderne ud af hovedet med et hulbor. Det er endvidere kendt manuelt at skære tunge og kinder af hovedet (Lud-vik Kristjansson "fslinskir sjåvarhættir I-IV"), men det er et langsomt arbejde, som dårligt betaler sig.5 It is also known to place the fish head in a kind of clamp or vice and drill the cheeks out of the head with a hollow drill. It is also known to manually cut the tongue and cheeks off the head (Lud-vik Kristjansson "fslinskir chauffeur I-IV"), but it is a slow work that pays off.

10 Endelig kendes fra DK-B-162683 en maskine til partering af fiskehoveder, og som har en føreskinne og oven over denne anbragt føreorganer i form af pigkæder til at bevæge fiskehovederne langs føreskinnen, idet fiskehovederne omslutter denne. Maskinen har endvidere skæreorganer, som er beliggende i et plan parallelt med 15 bevægelsesbanen. Ved en første udførelsesform har maskinen et skæreorgan i form af en lodret kniv, som opskærer hovedskallen.Finally, from DK-B-162683, a machine for pairing fish heads is known, having a guide rail and above it guiding means in the form of bar chains to move the fish heads along the guide rail, the fish heads enclosing it. The machine further has cutting means located in a plane parallel to the path of movement. In a first embodiment, the machine has a cutting means in the form of a vertical knife which cuts the main shell.

Ved en anden udførelsesform har maskinen skæreorganer i form af to under føreskinnen anbragte knive, som hælder skråt opad og indad mod hinanden under dannelse af en indbyrdes vinkel på ca.In another embodiment, the machine has cutting means in the form of two blades located beneath the guide rail, which incline upwardly and inwardly toward each other to form an angle of approx.

20 90°. Knivene er indrettet til at skære hovedskallen fra resten af fiskehovedet.20 °. The blades are designed to cut the main shell from the rest of the fishing head.

Formålet med opfindelsen er at anvise en maskine af den indledningsvis nævnte art til maskinel afskæring af tungen og eventuelt også kinder og fiskeslag fra den forreste del af en fisk, især 25 fra store torskehoveder. En sådan maskine har ikke eksisteret tidligere.The object of the invention is to provide a machine of the kind mentioned above for machine cutting of the tongue and possibly also cheeks and fish strokes from the front part of a fish, especially 25 from large cod heads. Such a machine has not existed before.

Til opnåelse af dette formål er maskinen ifølge opfindelsen ejendommelig ved de i krav l anførte kendetegnende træk.For this purpose, the machine according to the invention is characterized by the characteristic features of claim 1.

Fordelagtige udførelsesformer for opfindelsen fremgår af under kravene .Advantageous embodiments of the invention appear from the claims.

3 DK 174785 B13 DK 174785 B1

Opfindelsen forklares nærmere nedenfor under henvisning til tegningen, hvor 5 fig. i viser et torskehoved set fra siden, fig. 2 set fra siden et hoved eller den forreste del af en fisk anbragt på en bjælke, fig. 3 et snit efter linien A-A i fig. 2, fig. 4 hovedet på bjælken set fra siden, 10 fig. 5 en tungeskæreenhed set fra siden, fig. 6 tungeskæreenheden i fig. 5 set ovenfra, fig. 7 tungeskæreenheden set i bevægelsesretningen, fig. 8 tungeskæreenheden set fra siden, fig. 9 hovedet under skæring af tungen, 15 fig. 10 hovedet efter skæring af tungen, fig. 11 hovedet efter at en kind er blevet skåret af, fig. 12 hovedet efter at kæben er blevet skåret, fig. 13 et snit gennem bjælken, og DK 174785 B1 4 fig. 14 hovedet under kæbeskæringen i fig. 12.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, in which: FIG. 1 is a side view of a cod head; FIG. 2 is a side view of a head or the front of a fish placed on a beam; FIG. 3 is a section along line A-A of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a side view of the head of the beam; FIG. 5 is a side view of a tongue cutter; FIG. 6 shows the tongue cutting unit of FIG. 5 is a plan view of FIG. 7 shows the tongue cutting unit in the direction of movement; FIG. 8 is a side view of the tongue cutting unit; FIG. 9 the head while cutting the tongue; FIG. 10 shows the head after cutting the tongue; FIG. 11 the head after a cheek has been cut off; FIG. 12 the head after the jaw has been cut; FIG. 13 is a section through the beam, and FIG. 14 the head under the jaw cut of FIG. 12th

Fig. 1 viser et torskehoved eller en såkaldt forreste del 1 med tilhørende fiskeslag eller bugdele 10, hovedskal 2, gane 3, rygsøjle 4, mund 5, kæbe 6, tunge 7, kind 8, gællelåg 9, nøgleben 11 5 og nøglebensforbindelse 12.FIG. 1 shows a cod head or a so-called front part 1 with associated fish strokes or belly parts 10, head shell 2, palate 3, spine 4, mouth 5, jaw 6, tongue 7, cheek 8, gill cover 9, clavicle 11 5 and clavicle connection 12.

Maskinen har en transportbane 13, der er en ganebjælke 13 i hovedets mund 5 under dets gane 3 . Over hovedet 1 er der anbragt transportudstyr 20, f .eks. en pigkæde, der fører hovedet 1 langs ganebjælken 13. Dette udstyr er kendt.The machine has a conveyor path 13 which is a gauge beam 13 in the head 5 of the head under its palate 3. Transporting equipment 20, e.g. a bar chain leading head 1 along the bar 13. This equipment is known.

10 Maskinen har vandrette knive 18 til at afskære tungen 7 og lodrette knive 33 til at afskære kinder 8 og fiskeslag eller bugdele 10. Hovedets kæbe 6 holdes op til ganebjælken 13 ved hjælp af kæbestænger 19, og tungen skubbes ned under tungeknivene 18 af en stang 15, der føres nedad fra ganebjælken 13. Fiskeslagene 10 15 holdes oppe og væk fra tungeknivene 18 af fiskeslagsstænger 22. Trinnet 32 på fiskeslagsstængerne 22 støtter den bageste del af fiskeslagene 10, mens nøglebenet 11 skæres. Kæben 6 skæres over med en kæbekniv 34, og den glider ud ved ganebjælkens ende 13. Maskinen er i sin helhed vist i store træk på fig. 9 til 12 sam-20 men med hovedet eller den forreste del 1 på vej gennem maskinen. Maskinen beskrives nu nærmere under henvisning til tegningen.The machine has horizontal knives 18 for cutting the tongue 7 and vertical knives 33 for cutting cheeks 8 and fish strokes or abdominal parts 10. The jaw 6 of the head is held up to the cutter bar 13 by means of jaw rods 19 and the tongue is pushed down under the tongue knives 18 by a rod. 15, which is led downward from the goose bar 13. The fish strokes 10 15 are held up and away from the tongue knives 18 by fishing rod rods 22. The step 32 of the fishing rods 22 supports the rear part of the fish strokes 10 while the clavicle 11 is cut. The jaw 6 is cut with a jaw knife 34, and it slides out at the end of the jaw bar 13. The machine is shown in full in FIG. 9 to 12 together with the head or front part 1 on the way through the machine. The machine is now described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 2 viser, set fra siden, hovedet eller den forreste del 1 på bjælken 13. Inde i bjælken er der en pneumatisk cylinder 14, der driver stangen 15 ned gennem åbningen 16 og frem mod tungen 7 og 25 trykker den ned under tungeknivene 18. Kæben 6 holdes op til bjælken 13 og væk fra kniven 18 ved hjælp af kæbestængerne 19. Stangen 15 glider i føringer i symmetriske nylonstykker 17. I grunden indebærer dette udstyr en stang, der er skjult inden i bjælken eller ved siden af den og kan trykkes eller drives ud af DK 174785 B1 5 den og frem mod tungen 7 for føre den ned under tungeknivene 18, når tungen 7 er i skærepositionen.FIG. 2 is a side view of the head or front part 1 of the beam 13. Inside the beam there is a pneumatic cylinder 14 which drives the rod 15 down through the opening 16 and towards the tongue 7 and 25 it presses down under the tongue knives 18. The jaw 6 is held up to the beam 13 and away from the knife 18 by means of the jaw rods 19. The rod 15 slides into guides in symmetrical nylon pieces 17. Basically, this equipment involves a rod hidden inside the beam or next to it and can be pressed or is driven out of DK 174785 B1 5 and towards the tongue 7 to bring it down under the tongue knives 18 when the tongue 7 is in the cutting position.

Fig. 3 viser snit A-A i fig. 2 med samme symboler. Hovedets 1 gane 3 hviler på bjælken 13 og trykkes nedad og føres langs den 5 ved hjælp af pigkaeden 20. 5 angiver munden og 8 kinderne. Kæbestængerne 19 holder kæben op til bjælken 13 og væk fra tungekniven 18.FIG. 3 shows section A-A in FIG. 2 with the same symbols. The palate 3 of the head 1 rests on the beam 13 and is pushed downward and passed along it 5 by the spike 20. 5 indicates the mouth and the 8 cheeks. The jaw bars 19 hold the jaw up to the beam 13 and away from the tongue knife 18.

Fig, 4 viser, set fra siden, hovedet eller den forreste del 1 på bjælken 13. Pigkæden 20 driver den forreste del 1 fremad i ret-10 ning af pilen 21. Hovedet 1 rammer føleren 23, der er koblet til starteren 24, der starter cylinderens kraftkilde 14, hvorved stangen 15 føres nedad mod tungen 7. Fiskeslaget 10 med nøgleben 11 og ørefinne 25 holdes op fra kniven 18 af fiskeslagsstængerne 22 for et fiskeslag 10, for at fiskeslaget 10 og nøglebenet 11 15 ikke rammer knivene 18.Fig. 4 shows, from the side, the head or the front part 1 of the beam 13. The bar chain 20 drives the front part 1 forward in the direction of the arrow 21. The head 1 hits the sensor 23 which is coupled to the starter 24 which the cylinder power source 14 starts, whereby the rod 15 is directed downwardly towards the tongue 7. The fishbeat 10 with clavicle 11 and ear fin 25 is held up from the knife 18 by the fishing stroke rods 22 for a fishing stroke 10, so that the fishing stroke 10 and the clavicle 11 15 do not hit the blades 18.

Fig. 5 viser, set fra siden, tungeknivene 18, der drives af et vinkeldrev 26 og et kædehjul 30. Vinkeldrevet 26 og kæbestængerne 19 er fastgjort til pladen 27, der er fastgjort til og kan rotere om akslen 28 for at føre knivene ind mod og bort fra bjælken 13 20 afhængigt af hovedets størrelse. Enheden er forbundet med en fjeder 37, som holder dens frie ende oppe og presser kæbestængerne 19 mod kæben 6. Den forreste del 29 af stængerne 19 er bøjet nedad og til siderne (fig. 6) for at styre tungen 7 ind i mellemrummet mellem stængerne 19 og midten af tungen 7ind under stangen 25 15.FIG. 5 is a side view of the tongue knives 18 driven by an angular drive 26 and a sprocket 30. The angular drive 26 and the jaw rods 19 are attached to the plate 27 which is attached to and can rotate about the shaft 28 to guide the blades in and out. from the beam 13 20 depending on the size of the head. The unit is connected to a spring 37 which holds its free end up and pushes the jaw rods 19 against the jaw 6. The front portion 29 of the rods 19 is bent downwards and to the sides (Fig. 6) to guide the tongue 7 into the space between the rods. 19 and the middle of the tongue 7ind under the bar 25 15.

Fig. 6 viser tungeskæreenheden i fig. 5 set ovenfra og tungen 7 i skærepositionen. Kæbestængerne 19 befinder sig oven over kniven 18, og kæben 6 hviler på disse. Stangen 15 driver tungen 7 ned mellem kæbestængerne 19, og knivene 18 skærer snit 31 omkring DK 174785 B1 6 tungen. 38 er en del af tungen.FIG. 6 shows the tongue cutting unit of FIG. 5 from above and the tongue 7 in the cutting position. The jaw bars 19 are above the knife 18 and the jaw 6 rests thereon. The rod 15 drives the tongue 7 down between the jaw rods 19, and the knives 18 cut section 31 around the DK 174785 B1 6 tongue. 38 is part of the tongue.

Fig. 7 viser tungeskæreenheden i bevægelsesretningen 21 og fig. 8 viser tungeskæreenheden fra siden.FIG. 7 shows the tongue cutting unit in the direction of movement 21 and FIG. 8 shows the side cutting unit.

Fig. 9 til 12 viser hovedet eller den forreste del 1 på vej gen-5 nem maskinen hen langs bjælken 13, hvor fiskeslagsstængerne 22 holder fiskeslaget 10 oppe.FIG. Figures 9 to 12 show the head or front portion 1 on the way through the machine along the beam 13, where the fishing stroke rods 22 hold up the fishing stroke 10.

Fig. 9 viser hovedet eller den forreste del 1 under tungeskæringen .FIG. 9 shows the head or front portion 1 during tongue cutting.

Fig. 10 viser hovedet eller den forreste del efter tungeskærin-10 gen.FIG. 10 shows the head or front portion after tongue cutting.

Fig. 11 viser hovedet eller den forreste del, hvor kinden 8 er blevet skåret af ved hjælp af kindkniven 33. Under hovedet er der nær kindkniven 33 et horisontalt bord 39 med en spalte for knivene 33, et slags land 39, som fastholder den nedre kant af kinden 15 8 mod knivenes 33 friktion med kinden 8, når denne skæres. Landet 3 9 er bevægeligt op og ned efter størrelsen af hovederne og kinderne. På figuren er landet vist neden under kinden 8.FIG. 11 shows the head or anterior portion of which the cheek 8 has been cut by the cheek knife 33. Below the head, near the cheek knife 33, is a horizontal table 39 with a slot for the knives 33, a kind of land 39 which holds the lower edge of the cheek 15 8 against friction of blades 33 with cheek 8 when cut. The land 39 is movable up and down according to the size of the heads and cheeks. The figure is shown below the cheek 8.

Fig. 12 viser hovedet eller den forreste del 1, efter at kæben 6 er blevet skåret af kæbekniven 34, og hovedet 1 er blevet trans-20 porteret op ad skråfladen 35, hvor den føres ud til enden af bjælken og falder ned i et kar for affald.FIG. 12 shows the head or anterior portion 1 after the jaw 6 has been cut by the jaw knife 34 and the head 1 has been transported up the inclined surface 35 where it is led out to the end of the beam and falls into a waste bin. .

Fig. 13 viser et tværsnit i bjælken 13 foran kindknivene 33 i fig. 11. Trinnet 32 danner modhold for knivenes 33 tryk, når nøglebenet skæres.FIG. 13 shows a cross section of the beam 13 in front of the cheek knives 33 in FIG. 11. The step 32 counteracts the pressure of the blades 33 as the clavicle is cut.

Claims

A machine for parting fishing heads (1) by removing portions of a fishing head with a mouth (5), which parts include a tongue (7), cheeks (8), jaws (6), gill cover (9) and punch ( 10), the machine comprising a guide beam (13) extending through the mouth of the fishing head (1) below its palate (3) and adapted to guide the fishing head (1) by its movement along it, a transport means, preferably in shape of a bar chain (20) pushing the head of the fish head (2) against the guide bar (13) and moving the fish head (1) along the guide bar (13) in a longitudinal movement direction (21), and a plurality of cutting knives (18,33, 34), each lying in a plane parallel to the direction of movement (21) of the fishing head (1) and adapted to cut portions of the fishing head (1), characterized in that the cutting blades comprise at least one horizontal heavy cutting blade (18) disposed under the guide bar (13) and arranged to cut off the tongue (7) from the fishing head (1).

Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises at least one jaw rod (19) arranged parallel to the direction of movement (21) below the jaw (6) of the fishing head 25 and arranged to hold the jaw (1) of the fishing head (1). 6) up against the beam (13) and away from the at least one tongue cutting knife (18) by the force of a spring (37).

Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a rod (15) arranged within the guide beam (13) and arranged to engage the tongue (7) through an opening (16). ) in the beam (13) and a driving means (14) disposed within the guide beam (3), which is connected to the rod (15) and arranged to guide the rod (15) downwards, and to press the tongue (7) down below the tongue cutting blade (18) cutting plane whereby the tongue is cut by the tongue cutting knife (18).

Machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the rod (15) has a circular curved shape and is guided in a circular, arcuate channel formed in symmetrical cooperating control blocks 10 (17) arranged in the guide beam (13), and that the drive means comprises a pneumatic cylinder (14) pivotally connected to the rod (15).

Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that it further comprises a sensor 15 (23) arranged on the guide beam (13) arranged to detect that the tongue (7) is in the cutting position and an activator (24) which cooperates with the sensor (23) and activating the driving means (14).

Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a pair in the direction of movement (20) of the fishing head (1) below the striking parts (10) and the collarbones (11) located on the front part of the head (1). , which is arranged to hold the striking parts (10) and the collarbones (11) up and away from the at least one horizontal tongue cutting knife (18).

Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least two horizontal tongue cutter knives (18) driven by an angular drive (26), said angular drive (26) and horizontal tongue cutter knife (18) arranged on a horizontal foundation plate (27). ) which is pivotally mounted under the guide beam (13) on a horizontal shaft (28) perpendicular to the direction of movement of the fishing head (1), at least two jaw bars (19) extending in the direction of movement of the fishing head (1) (21) and is arranged on the horizontal base plate (27) under the jaw (6) of the fishing head (1) and is adapted to hold the jaw (6) up to the guide beam (13) and 5 away from the horizontal tongue cutting knives (18), and a spring (37) which spring-loaded the horizontal plate (27) against the guide beam (13), whereby the horizontal tongue-cutting knives (18) and jaw bars (19) form a fixed tongue-cutting unit spring-loaded to rotate the shaft (28).

Machine according to claim 7, characterized in that each jaw rod (19) comprises a sliding part (29) for guiding the tongue (7) between the jaw rods (19) and a middle part of the tongue (7) under a rod (15). , which is arranged in the guide beam (13) and is arranged to push the tongue (7) downwards so that it strikes and 15 is cut by the horizontal tongue cutting knives (18).

Machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the cutting blades further comprise two vertical cheek knives (33), which are arranged on each side of the guide beam (13) and arranged to cut the cheeks (8) from the fish head (1).

Machine according to claim 9, characterized in that on each stroke (22) it comprises a step (32) which is arranged such that it is located at the rear of the impact members (10) and the collarbones (11) when the vertical cheek knives (33) are at the front of the collarbones (11), whereby the step (32) prevents the striking members (10) from falling back onto the guide beam (13) so that the cheek knives (33) can cut the striking parts ( 10) with the cheeks (8) from the fish head (1).

Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting blades further comprise at least one vertical jaw knife (34), which is arranged under the guide beam {13) and extends into a slot (35) at the bottom of the guide beam (13). ), separating the jaw (6) so that the fish head (1) can be guided to the end of the guide bar (13). 5